Descripción: Transitional words, called also linking words or signal words, are of huge importance for building your written and spoken responses. As the name suggests these words help you to move from one idea...
The TOEFL IBT test, delivered via the internet, is an important part of your journey to study in an English-speaking country. In addition to the test, the ETS TOEFL Program provides tools and guides to help you prepare for the test and improve your E
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SPEAKING
help you time yourself. You probably already read 135 words per minute. If not, work on reading faster, using the reading strategies at the beginning of this chapter.
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Time yourself Increase speed to 135
Adapt notes
The system for taking notes that you will learn in Chapter 3 can be made more effective by adapting it for each question. Use the task and the question to anticipate an outline for your notes. Refer to the example notes for Problems 25–30 on pages 59–68 for models of adapted notes.
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Use a system for taking notes Adapt the format for each question
Pace yourself
There is no time for a long introduction. You have one minute or less to make your point. Start immediately with a direct statement. For example, “The lecturer compares bacteria and viruses.” Include the most important points. When you practice speaking, using the model tests in this book, you will hear a prompt to start and a beep to end your speech. On the TOEFL, you must stop when the beep sounds. Always time yourself when you are practicing for the Speaking section. If you are not using the audio timing, then set a kitchen timer for the number of seconds that corresponds to the type of test problem that you are practicing—45 or 60—and then begin speaking. When the bell rings, stop speaking. Did you complete your thought or did you have more to say? Learn to pace yourself. Soon you will develop a sense of timing for the questions and you will know how much you can say in a short answer.
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Start with a direct statement Make a few major points Set a timer
Prepare key phrases
Some key phrases are useful for each of the problems in the Speaking section. Refer to pages 105–106 for additional words and phrases. Question 1: Experiences My favorite _______ is _______ because _______ . Question 2: Preferences Although some people _______ , I prefer _______ because _______ . Although there are many good reasons why _______ , I favor _______ because _______ . Although a good argument can be made for _______ , my preference is _______ because _______.
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REVIEW OF TOEFL® iBT SECTIONS
Question 3: Reports The speaker supports _______ because _______ . The speaker opposes _______ because _______ . Question 4: Examples According to the (reading, lecture) _______ . _______ is an example of _______ . Question 5: Problems The problem is that _______ . According to _______ , one solution is to _______ . Another possibility is to _______ . I think that the best solution is to _______ because _______ . It seems to me that _______ is the best solution because _______ . Question 6: Summaries Definition:
According to the lecturer, a _______ is _______ .
Description:
According to the lecturer, a _______ has (three) characteristics.
Classification:
(Two) types of _______ were discussed in the lecture.
Chronology:
The lecturer explained the sequence of events for _______ .
Comparison:
The lecturer compared _______ with _______ .
Contrast:
The lecturer contrasted _______ with _______ .
Cause and Effect:
The lecturer explains why _______ .
Problem and Solution:
The lecturer presents several solutions for the problem of _______ .
