Bengali_complete.pdf_tsid_20090926-111837-d97b6ba7_ext_

Bengali

Familiarization Course Table of Contents

Introduction Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 Lesson 8 Lesson 9 Lesson 10 Lesson 11 Lesson 12 Lesson 13 Lesson 14 Lesson 15 Lesson 16 Lesson 17 Lesson 18 Lesson 19 Lesson 20

Introduction Geography and People Living and Working Days of the Week, Numbers, and Ages of People Daily Activities Meeting the Family Around Town Shopping Eating Out Holidays, Customs, and Cultural Traditions Around the House Weather and Seasons Personal Appearance Transportation Travel At School Recreation and Leisure Health and Human Body Political and International Events The Military In the Hospital Developed for United States Special Operations Command Special Operations Forces Language Office By I Corps Foreign Language Training Center VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

1 17 35 49 60 85 98 109 124 134 151 164 183 201 216 238 253 267 281 296 313

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

BENGALI FAMILIARIZATION COURSE Introduction to

Bangladesh

Map of Bangladesh

Flag of Bangladesh

1

Geography and Climate A land of many rivers, Bangladesh is one of the largest deltaic plains in the world with a few hilly areas in the southeast and northwest of the country. The land mass comprises an area of 133,910 square kilometers in a total area of 144,000 square kilometers. The highest peak at 1027m, Keokradong, lies in the Chittagong hill tracts in the southeastern part of Bangladesh. The three main rivers, Padma (Ganges), Jamuna (Brahmaputra) and Meghna, rise in the Himalayas; they flow into Bangladesh from the west, north and northeast, and shed their waters in the Bay of Bengal. These rivers, the fertile plains and the floods have given birth to a nation where the people are in tune with nature, tolerant, and resilient in the face of great poverty and natural calamities. Bangladesh is located in Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and India, at latitude 24 degrees N, with the Tropic of Cancer dividing the country almost at the center, and longitude 90 degrees E. The subtropical monsoon climate has wide seasonal variations in rainfall, warm temperatures, and high humidity during the rainy season and very dry winters. However, the climate is similar throughout the entire country, with slightly colder winters and more aridity in the northern regions. Most of the country is subject to severe natural disasters, such as floods, tropical cyclones, and tornadoes. These yearly calamities take a severe toll on the people, their livelihood, and the national economy. The society is mostly homogenous and predominantly Muslim. The country is largely rural with the capital in Dhaka. One language, Bangla, and its many dialects are spoken in the entire country, with the exception of the tribal areas. History

Emblem of Bangladesh According to historians, Bengal, the area comprising present-day Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal, was settled in about 1000 B.C. by Dravidian-speaking people who were later known as the Bang. Their homeland bore various titles that reflected earlier tribal names, such as Vanga, Banga, Bangala, Bangal, and Bengal. For most of its history, the area known as Bangladesh was a political backwater in the great political and military events of the Indian subcontinent.

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The first great indigenous empire to rule over most of present-day India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh was the Mauryan Empire (ca. 320-180 B.C.), whose most famous ruler was Asoka (ca. 273-232 B.C.). The western part of Bengal achieved some importance during the Mauryan period, and its ports provided a gateway to Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia, but little is known of whether there was any transaction with the eastern part. During the time of the Mauryan Empire, Buddhism came to Bengal, and it was from there that the message spread to Sri Lanka. During A.D. 750-1150, the first ruler of the Pal Dynasty and his successors provided Bengal with stable government, security, and prosperity while spreading Buddhism throughout the state and into neighboring territories. Trade and influence were extensive under Pal leadership, as emissaries were sent as far as Tibet and Sumatra. The Sens, orthodox and militant Hindus, replaced the Buddhist Pals as rulers of a united Bengal until the Turkish conquest in 1202. Opposed to the Brahmanic Hinduism of the Sens with its rigid caste system, vast numbers of Bengalis would later convert to Islam. Islam in Bengal, 1202-1757 By the early thirteenth century, Bengal fell to Turkish armies. The last major Hindu Sen ruler was expelled from his capital at Nadia in western Bengal in 1202, although lesser Sen rulers held sway for a short while after in eastern Bengal. In 1341 Bengal became independent from Delhi, and Dhaka was established as the seat of the governors of independent Bengal. Turks ruled Bengal for several decades before the conquest of Dhaka by forces of the Mughal emperor, Akbar the Great (1556-1605), in 1576. Bengal remained a Mughal province until the beginning of the decline of the Mughal Empire in the eighteenth century. Under the Mughals, Bengal was not isolated intellectually, and Bengali religious leaders from the fifteenth century onward were influential throughout the subcontinent. Moreover, Akbar implemented the present-day Bengali calendar, which is solar and where the New Year is on April 14, the beginning of the harvest season. However, Bengal was treated as the "breadbasket of India" and the richest province in the empire was drained of its resources to maintain the Mughal army. Yet, despite the exploitation under the Mughal regime, Bengal prospered. Agriculture expanded, trade was encouraged, and Dhaka became one of the centers of the textile trade in South Asia. European Colonization, 1757-1857 The last quarter of the fifteenth century marked the arrival of the Europeans and was a great turning point in the history of the subcontinent. It generally coincided with the gradual decline of Mughal power. As the British capitalized on the political fragmentation of South Asia, they ultimately rose to supremacy through military expeditions, bribery, and playing one party off against another. Besides the superior military power of the British, their ascendancy was enhanced by the gradual decline in

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the economic foundations of the local rulers, as a consequence of dynastic wars and the displacement of the peasants from the land, the principal source of state revenue. Siraj ud Daulah, governor of Bengal, was defeated by the British at the war of Plassey in 1757. Since the victory, the British India Company would govern Bengal and from there expand their rule to the rest of India. The Emergence of Pakistan, 1947 One hundred years later, in 1857, an uprising by Indian soldiers of the British Indian Army was the first significant protest and resistance to British rule. Subsequent events led to the division of Bengal at the turn of the century, in 1905. Finally, the rise in the national movement for an independent India culminated in the creation of two nations, India and Pakistan, in 1947. Thus, having first arrived in the 16th century and having ruled for two hundred years, the British finally left the Indian sub-continent, leaving behind the legacy of a dominant, English-speaking elite class as rulers of the nations. Over time the colonial center was moved from Kolkata (Calcutta) to Delhi and Bombay, India, and when the British left, these were the politically and economically dominant areas. Independent Bangladesh, 1971 For Bangladesh, the liberation from the British in 1947 marked the beginning of a period of colonization by the western wing of Pakistan due to the latter’s superior military and political power. After twenty-five years (1947 – 1971) of political and economic exploitation by West Pakistan, East Pakistan finally became an independent, sovereign republic of Bangladesh, on March 26, 1971. In the nine-month war of independence that ensued after the Pakistan army bombed the capital and its inhabitants without warning, an estimated three million Bengalis died owing to a systematic plan by the West Pakistani government to cripple the eastern wing. More than ten million Bengalis fled to neighbouring India. On December 16, 1971, the Pakistan army surrendered, and Bangladesh emerged as a new nation. Soon after his release in January, Sheikh Mujib ur Rahman became the first Prime Minister of Bangladesh, and a Constitution was adopted in November, 1972. The Constitution enumerated nationalism, socialism, secularism, and democracy as the four pillars on which the new nation was to be governed. In 1975, Sheikh Mujib was killed in a military coup and martial law was declared soon after. This began a rule of army Generals that lasted for fifteen years, even though some intermittent elections were held. Since 1991, the country has been ruled by freely elected governments.

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Demographics Bangladesh was and still is a predominantly rural society. The transition towards an urban, modern society began only recently in the late 1980’s. Of the total population of 144,319,628 (July 2005), more than seventy percent live in the rural areas at present. Aside from countries such as Singapore and Bahrain, Bangladesh is the most densely populated country in the world with 982 persons per km². The rise in density has been, ironically, due to a lower mortality rate as an outcome of increased availabilty of modern medicine, rather than a higher birth rate. Bangladesh is ethnically homogenous, with Bengalis comprising 98% of the population. The vast majority speak Bangla. The remaining two percent are mainly Urdu-speaking, non-Bengali Muslims from regions of India such as Bihar. A substantial number of nonBengali tribal groups inhabit the Chittagong Hill Tracts in the southeast and the Northern regions of Bangladesh, including parts of the districts of Mymensingh, Sylhet, Rangpur. Almost all non-Bengali Bangladeshis speak Bangla as a second language. Most Bangladeshis (about 83%) are Muslims, and Hindus constitute a (16%) minority, with some Buddhists, Christians, and Animists. Bengali Muslims have historically been moderate in their own practice of religion and tolerant of other religions, but there has been a recent rise in religious oppression. The Economy Although the rich green paddy in summer and the golden stretches of crop fields in autumn may seem a sign of wealth and abundance, Bangladesh still remains a poor, overpopulated nation. However, the country has achieved self-sufficiency in food production and no longer relies on foreign aid to feed its people. Even though more than half of the GDP is generated through the service sector, nearly two-thirds of Bangladeshis are employed in the agriculture sector, with rice as the single most important product. The major impediments to growth include natural disasters, such as frequent cyclones and floods; a rapidly growing labour force that has not been absorbed by the economy; political instability, and corruption. Despite these hardships, there has been increase in the ability to handle natural calamities and more disaster preparedness. Furthermore, due to increased productivity in agriculture, floods have not been followed by famines due to crop damage. A table is given below with the basic economic indicators, where the GDP reflects the actual purchasing power of the country, rather than simply a standardized value of goods and services. In the standardized measurement, a dollar is worth only a dollar, even though it commands more goods and services in developing countries than a developed country.

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Basic economic indicators GDP-purchasing power parity

$230 billion (2001 est.)

GDP-real growth rate

5.6% (2001 est.)

GDP-per capita: purchasing power parity

$1,750 (2001 est.)

GDP-composition by sector agriculture

30%

industry

18%

services

52% (2000)

Population below poverty line 35.6% (1995-96 est.) Source: wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh

Religion and Society

Star Mosque in Dhaka

Chandanpura Mosque, Chittagong

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Kantanagar Temple

Muslim Prayer Mat (jainamaz)

Although initially Bangladesh opted for a secular nationalist ideology as embodied in its Constitution, the principle of secularism was subsequently replaced by a commitment to the Islamic way of life through a series of constitutional amendments and government proclamations between 1977 and 1988. Approximately 83 percent of the population of Bangladesh claims Islam as its religion, one of the largest concentrations of Muslims in the world. The existence of different religious communities was largely harmonious until the elections of 2001, when the victorious conservative government tortured and harassed the Hindu minorities, for having voted for the defeated party. The aftermath of the 2001 elections will remain as a tragic chapter in the history of Bangladesh. Since then the rise in Islamic fundamentalism has created a reign of terror in the country. Culture The different cultures and identities of the majority are reflected in language, in music, in death and marriage, on national occasions, and even in economic professions. In matters of death and marriage, Koranic suras are chanted in Arabic during different stages of mourning, and funeral rites are performed according to Islamic rituals. For Hindus, these religious verses are chanted in Sanskrit. Religious priests usually preside over these ceremonies. In marriage, formal vows can be taken in Arabic or Bangla, and the contract between the bride and groom is simply a legal document. Thus, in death and marriage, individuals tend to identify themselves as Muslims/Hindus and perform rituals in Arabic/Sanskrit. On occasions marking the nation’s independence, the religious identity is subsumed beneath the Bengali culture and language. These occasions are celebrated with great fanfare in the cities and large townships, but not in the rural areas. Among these, the most remarkable is the 21st of February; the day students gave their lives to protest the declaration of Urdu as the only state language of Pakistan in 1952. Concerts, poetry 7

recitals, discussions are carried out in Bangla. In 2002, this day was declared International Mother Language Day by UNESCO to honor the mother tongues of all countries of the world. However, as an outcome of our colonial legacy and the domination of English as the lingua franca of world commerce, English has always been considered a language of class and status. Thus, professionals and potential employees are assessed largely on the basis of their knowledge of English. Yet the large majority of the population is unable to communicate in English. Social classes in Bangladesh are differentiated by economic status and access to education rather than by ethnicity or race. The social status is reflected in the use of language and in the mode of social interactions. Bangla has three registers: the honorific, ordinary, and the inferior, which are reflected in pronoun usage and the corresponding verb endings. Moreover, there are three forms of speech: refined speech, which is also the written form, local Bangla, and regional dialects. In the professional field, the honorific is usually used within the peer group and above. In domestic and social situations, the inferior is used not only for lower economic classes but also to express affection and familiarity to relatives and friends. The honorific is used to address the elite, older relatives, and strangers. Music

A New Year’s Concert, April 14

Ektara

8

A Group Dance The best known literature of Bangladesh is the work of the great Bengali poets Rabindranath Tagore and Nazrul Islam, the former known as “bissho kobi”, the poet of the world, and winner of the Nobel Prize, in 1913, and the latter known as “bidrohi kobi,” the rebel poet. The national anthem of Bangladesh, “Amar Sonar Bangla,” was a song written by Tagore. Incidentally, he was also the author of the Indian national anthem. Amongst the different genres of folk music – Baul, Bhaoyaiya and Bhatiyalia – Baul is distinguished from the others textually as religious music. The instruments extensively used by the Bauls are Gopiyantro, khamak, dotara, ghungur, nupur and duggi. Gopiyantro, often called "ektara," means one string, and that is the most popular instrument for a Baul singer. The Baul singers also use "dotara" (two strings). Lalon Phakir (1774-1890) is the most widely known Baul of all ages. During the war of independence, patriotic songs inspired the locals and the “mukti bahini” (“freedom fighters”) and are still sung to commemorate the days of independence. Modern rock/pop music, often emulating the West, and Western rock/pop music are popular amongst the younger generation, and are confined to the cities and larger towns. Cuisine

Fish curry, Mortar and Pestle

Lal Mohan – Sweets

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Rice and Beef with Turmeric A typical rural Bengali meal consists of fish, if available, vegetables, yellow watery lentils (dal) and plain rice. Fresh fish is part of the staple diet but has become quite expensive due to scarcity, over-fishing, and siltation of the riverbeds. Amongst fish, the hilsa is considered a delicacy, and the hilsa of the Padma River is akin to the king salmon of the Pacific Northwest. Beef and mutton are popular items as well. “Biriyani,” a legacy of the Mughal empire, symbolizes a special occasion for Muslims, and is a combination of fragrant rice, mutton, saffron, and spices. For the elite and higher income class, wedding feasts center on an enormous pot of biriyani prepared by a locally renowned chef. Desserts consist of milk products and tend to be sweeter than the average Western dessert. Alcoholic drinks are banned in the public domain, but are available in prominent hotels and on the black market.

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Language

Bangla - evsjv An Indo-Aryan language, Bangla is a member of the Indo-European branch of languages, and like English is witten from left to right. It is spoken by 207 million people, the fourth highest number of speakers in the world. The Bangla alphabet is derived from the Brahmi alphabet. It is also closely related to the Devanagari alphabet, from which it started to diverge in the 11th century AD. The current printed form of the Bangla alphabet first appeared in 1778 when Charles Wilkins developed printing in Bangla. The version of Bangla used in the dialogues and exercises in the lessons is the dialect spoken in Bangladesh. The language spoken in West Bengal has minor differences in pronoun usage, verb conjugation, and vocabulary choice.

The Bengali alphabet is a syllabic alphabet, where consonants have an inherent vowel, which has two different pronunciations (aw, o), the choice of which is not always easy to determine and which is sometimes not pronounced at all. The latter is sometimes indicated with a hasanto, but in most cases no sign is given to indicate a stop. In the text, for transcribing foreign/Latin words into the Bangla alphabet, hasanto has been used for some words. The consonant sounds are arranged in Table II, according to the traditional Indian arrangement. Columns 1 and 3 are unaspirated stops, and some of these sounds are unfamiliar to speakers of only American English, e.g., k, c, T, t, p. 2. Vowels can be written as independent letters, or by using a variety of diacritical marks which are written above, below, before or after the consonants they belong to, as shown in Table I. 3. When consonants occur together in clusters, special conjunct letters are used. The inherent vowel only applies to the final consonant. There are numerous conjuncts, and only a few used in the lessons are shown in Table IV. A few combinations of consonants and vowels are depicted with special symbols, as shown in Table V. 1.

Some Notes on Romanization

The romanization used in the lessons is not according to the rules prescribled by the IPA, International Phonetic Associaton, since they require special symbols. The alphabets were romanized based on what would seem intuitively natural to pronounce for a native English speaker. Example: to depict the inherent vowel in Bangla consonants, aw was chosen instead of o or au.

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The romanization of the alphabets is given in Table I and Table II below. The romanization of the velar and palatal nasals in Table II are approximations. The various vowel sounds are given in Table III. In Table I, since the two i’s and two u’s are pronounced the same in Bangla, i and u are used to denote them respectively. However, in the text, sometimes ee is used to denote i, as romanizing with an i would make the pronunciation too abrupt. In Table II, the two r’s, i and o, are not distinguished in the romanization, as speakers seldom distinguish the two in Bangladesh. The two s’s, k and l, are pronounced the same, but m can be similar or different. e.g., mvZ, shat; ¯¿x stri. The vowel sounds in Table III are illustrated with vowels used in English words. As the sounds o, oi, and ou are not used in English, examples are not given; o is a short, rounded o as in bow (ribbon), oi is a rounded oy as in boy, and ou is a rounded o as in boat. In the text, there are no capitalizations in the romanization, as some capital letters indicate differences in pronunciation: e.g., t, T; d, D. Most foreign words are spelled according to the English spelling, even though they are pronounced slightly differently in Bangla. Since many English words have been incorporated as loan words in Bangla, it is easier for the reader to recognize the English terms if the romanizations have the same spelling, (with the exception of some words; doctor/ Daktar). Nasalization is not depicted in the romanization.

Table 1 - Vowels and Vowel Diacritics

A

Av B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

aw

a

i

i

u

u

ri

e

oi

o

ou

K

Kv

wK

Kx

Kz

K~

K…

†K

ˆK

†Kv †KŠ

kaw

ka

ki

ki

ku

ku

kri

ke

koi

ko

12

kou

Table II - Consonants Stops Other Voiced Voiceless Voiceless Unaspi- Aspirated Unaspi- Aspirated Nasals Flaps Laterals Spirants rated rated Velar Palatal Retroflex Dental Labial

K

L

M

N

O

kaw

khaw

gaw

ghaw

u[ng]aw

P

Q

R

S

T

k

caw

chaw

jaw

jhaw

i[n]aw

shaw

U

V

W

X

Y

l

Taw

Thaw

Daw

Dhaw

naw

shaw

Z

_

a

b

i

j

m

taw

thaw

dhaw

naw

raw

law

shaw

c

d

f

g

paw

phaw

bhaw

maw

` daw

e baw

n

Glottal

haw

u

candrabindu – nasalises the vowel it is attached to

s anusshar – adds an ng sound to a consonant or vowel, e.g., Us = Tawng & hasanto – mutes the inherent vowel of a consonant, e.g., U = Taw; U& = T

o, p, daw-e shunno raw, dhaw-e shunno raw - are allophonic variations of W = daw, X = dhaw

h, jaw- a semi-vowel, in an initial position, pronounced as jaw, in a medial and final position, pronounced as yaw.

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Table III - Vowel Sounds

a ae aw e i o u ai aii ei oi ou

bar bad ball bed bid book bye bide bait

Table 1V - Conjunct Consonants

° » ½ Â Ë Ü g© ®‹ ¯ú

K+K M+a O+M T+P Z+Z b+a i+g l+K m+c

³ M¨ ”P Ä Ø ß ë ò ¯^

K+Z M+h P+P T+R `+e c+Z j+U l+Y m+e

µ MÖ ”Q Æ aŸ c− í ¯‹ ý

K+i M+i P+Q U+U a+e c+j j+c m+K n+b

· M− Á È šÍ å ð ¯Í

K+m M+j R+T Y+U b+Z f+i k+P m+Z

Table V - Special Consonant + Vowel Combinations

¸ Γ š‘ i“

M+D Z+i+D b+Z+D i+D

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¶ ¼ R¡ Ê š’ ¤¢ k¦ ¯’

K+l O+K R+e Y+W b+_ g+f k+e m+_

iƒ ï ü û

i+E k+D n+F n+D

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Bibliography

Bhattacharji, S., Chatterjee, and S., Dimock, D. (1997), Introduction to Bengali, Part I, New Delhi, India: Manohar. The World Factbook, CIA, http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/bg.html Counry Studies, The Library of Congress, http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/bdtoc.html The Lonely Planet Country Guides, http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/indian_subcontinent/bangladesh/culture.htm Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh#Geography

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Lesson 1 Geography and People

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

f~-‡Mvj Avi gvbyl bhugol ar manush

This lesson will introduce you to: - simple greetings and basic introductions in Bangla - how to greet people in formal and informal situations in Bangladesh - personal pronouns - possessive pronouns - how to use the verbs “to be” and “to live” in the present tense - basic geographical names of Bangladesh.

PEOPLE

gvbyl manush

1. Listen to these simple greetings and phrases in Bangla and repeat them after the speaker.

In Bangladesh, we do not have an informal greeting such as Hello or Hi. In informal situations, Muslims and Hindus usually say: “What news?” ki khawbor? Or, “How are you?” kaemon achen/acho?* Ashi (will be back), jai ( (I) go), and dekha habe (see you) are commonly used for taking leave in informal situations. However, in formal and semi-formal situations the greeting for Muslims is assalamualaikum and the response is walaikum assalam; for taking leave, khoda hafiz (good-bye) is said at any time of the day. Among Hindus, namaskar is used as a formal greeting/response and also for taking leave at any time of the day. Although there are specific greetings for different times of the day, they are mostly used in formal, professional, educational, and cultural functions. These greetings are rarely used in social interactions. Thus, the most common greeting would be assalamualaikum and walaikum assalam, and for taking leave, khoda hafiz (good-bye) at any time of the day. * The verb is discussed in the following lessons.

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Avm&mvjvgyqvjvBKzg IqvjvBKzg Avm&mvjvg Kx Lei ? ‡Kgb Av‡Qb? †Lv`v nv‡dR mycÖfvZ ïf mܨv ïf ivwÎ

Assalamualaikum

Greetings

walaikum assalam

Greetings (in response)

ki khawbor?

What news?

kaemon achen?

How are you?

khoda hafez

Good-bye

shu probhat

Good morning

shubho shondha

Good evening

shubho ratri

Good night

2. Exchange greetings with your teacher and your partner.

3. Familiarize yourself with personal pronouns. Listen to the audio and repeat after the speaker. ami

he*

Avwg Avcwb/Zzwg/ZzB Bwb,G/ Dwb,I/ wZwb, †m

she*

Bwb,G / Dwb,I / wZwb, †m

ini, e/ uni, o/ tini, she

we

Avgiv Avcbviv/†Zvgiv/†Zviv Gbviv. Giv/ Ibviv. Iiv/ Zviv, Zviv

amra

I you

you (plural) they

apni/tumi/tui ini, e/ uni, o / tini, she

apnara/tomra/tora enara, era/ onara, ora/ tara, tara

There are three ways to address in the second person, you: honorific, ordinary, and inferior. The honorific, apni, is used to address strangers, older people—even slightly olderinpeople, and in formal, and * Unlike English, the third person pronoun is the same for both genders Bangla. professional situations. The ordinary, tumi, is used amongst friends, family, peer groups and to address younger children. The inferior, tui, is derogatory but is also used to show affection. Thus, the most common forms in a generic social interaction are the honorific and the ordinary. The inferior should not be used and is omitted in the rest of the lessons. There are six ways of referring to the third person, he/she: two each, the honorific and the ordinary, for the proximate, the deictic, and the distant. There is no inferior in the third person. The pronouns are as follows: proximate: ini, e; distant: uni, o. deictic: tini, she. The pronouns are the same for he/she. The different forms are listed in a chart below. For the sake of simplicity, the honorific for 2nd and distant 3rd will be used in all the lessons unless mentioned otherwise. However, when new verbs are introduced, both the honorific and ordinary forms of the pronouns and the corresponding verb conjugations 18 will be given.

4. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Read the dialogues in pairs. formal Ishrat: Greetings. Rehana: Greetings. (in response.) Ishrat: How are you? Rehana: Fine. And you? Ishrat: Fine! Rehana: Okay, good-bye! Ishrat: Good-bye!

BmivZ: Avm&mvjvgyqvjvBKzg| †invbv: IqvjvBKzgAvm&mvjvg|

ishrat: assalamualaikum

BmivZ: ‡Kgb Av‡Qb? †invbv: fvj| Avi Avcwb? BmivZ: fvj| †invbv: Av”Qv, †Lv`v nv‡dR| BmivZ: †Lv`v nv‡dR|

ishrat: kaemon achen?

BmivZ: Kx Lei, †invbv? †invbv: fvj| †Zvgvi Kx Lei?*

ishrat: ki khawbor, rehana?

BmivZ: fvj| †invbv: Av”Qv, †`Lv n‡e| BmivZ: †`Lv n‡e|

ishrat: bhalo.

rehana: walaikum assalam

rehana: bhalo. ar apni? ishrat: bhalo. rehana: accha, khoda hafez. ishrat: khoda hafez.

Informal Ishrat: What news, Rehana? Rehana: Good. How are you? Ishrat: Good. Rehana: Okay. See you. Ishrat: See you.

rehana: bhalo. tomar ki khawbor?

rehana: accha, daekha hawbe. ishrat: daekha hawbe.

nd

* The ordinary 2 is used as the situation is informal and the speakers are among peers.

5. Using the dialogues above as a model, compose your own similar dialogues. Work in pairs or in small groups.

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GEOGRAPHY

f~-‡Mvj bhugol

The verb “to be” is not expressed in the present tense. A suffix –r or –er, depending on the word, is attached to indicate “from.” Example: I am from Dhaka = ami Dhaka+ r; Both the honorific and ordinary pronouns are shown below.

I am from… You are from… He is from… She is from… It is from… We are from… You are from… They are from…

Avwg… i/Gi Avcwb/Zzwg… i/Gi Bwb/G, Dwb/I, wZwb/†m… i/Gi Bwb/G, Dwb/I, wZwb/†m… i/Gi GUv/IUv/†mUv… i/Gi Avgiv… i/Gi Avcbviv/†Zvgiv… i/Gi Gbviv/Giv, Ibviv/Iiv… i/Gi Ibviv/Zviv… i/Gi

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ami…..r/er apni/tumi…..r/er ini/e, uni/o, tini/she…..r/er ini/e, uni/o, tini/she…..r/er eta/ota/sheta…..r/er amra…..r/er apnara/tomra…..r/er enara/era, onara/ora…..r/er onara/tara……..r/er

6. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. 1. I am Bangladeshi. I am from Bangladesh. 2. He is Bangladeshi. He is from Bangladesh. 3. She is Bangladeshi. She is from Dhaka. 4. We are Bangladeshi. We are from Khulna city. 5. You are Bangladeshi. You are from Khulna city. 6. They are Bangladeshi. They are from Khulna city.

Avwg evsjv‡`kx| Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki|

ami bangladeshi.

Dwb evsjv‡`kx| Dwb evsjv‡`‡ki|

uni bangladeshi.

Dwb evsjv‡`kx| Dwb XvKvi|

uni bangladeshi.

Avgiv evsjv‡`kx| Avgiv Lyjbv kn‡ii|

amra bangladeshi.

Avcwb evsjv‡`kx| Avcwb Lyjbv kn‡ii|

apni bangladeshi.

Ibviv evsjv‡`kx| Ibviv Lyjbv kn‡ii|

onara bangladeshi.

ami bangladesher.

uni bangladesher.

uni Dhakar.

amra khulna shawhorer.

apni khulna shawhorer.

onara khulna shawhorer.

7. Pretend you and your classmates are from Bangladesh. Introduce yourself and your classmates to your friend in Bangla. Use the model below and the map.

Avwg evsjv‡`kx|ami bangladeshi. Avwg XvKv kn‡ii| ami Dhaka shawhorer. gywbi evsjv‡`kx| munir Bangladeshi. Dwb wm‡j‡Ui|uni sileter. bvwmg Avi wgwZ evsjv‡`kx|nasim ar miti Bangladeshi. Ibviv Lyjbvi|onara khulnar. The word “where” is kothai. The most common way to ask “Where are you from?” is “apnar bari/ desh kothai?”; “Your home/ country is where?”. The subject is in the possessive. The response is : “My home/country is in …….”; “amar bari/ desh Dhaka+e”; or only the “district name”; “Dhaka”; or “I am from Dhaka”; “ami Dhaka + r.” All the forms are used in the dialogues. For inanimate objects: “where is it from?: “oTa* kothakar?”, “It is from where?” /[*T as in Tom]

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Where are you from? Where is he (she/it) from?

Where are we (they) from?

Avcbvi evwo †Kv_vq? Ibvi (he she) evwo †Kv_vq? IUv (it) †Kv_vKvi? Avgiv (Ibv‡`i) evwo †Kv_vq?

apnar bari kothai? onar bari kothai? oTa kothakar? amra (onader) bari kothai?

XvKv

Dhaka

wm‡jU

sileT

wm‡jU Lyjbv

sileT khulna

8. Listen to the following dialogues in Bangla. Repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Bangladesh is divided into different districts, and Bangladeshis refer to their hometown as “bari.” 1. A. I am from Dhaka. Where are you from? B. I am from Sylhet. 2. A. Ishrat is from Barisal. Where is Munir from? B.He is from Khulna. 3. A. I am from Sylhet. Where are you and Miti from? B. We are from Rangpur. 4. A. Shafiq is from Barisal. Where are Munir and Farid from? B. They are from Rajshahi.

Avgvi evwo XvKv | Avcbvi evwo †Kv_vq? Avgvi evwo wm‡jU|

amar bari Dhaka.

Bmiv‡Zi evwo ewikvj| gywb‡ii evwo †Kv_vq? Ibvi evwo Lyjbv|

ishrater bari borishal.

Avgvi evwo wm‡jU| Avcbvi Avi wgwZi evwo †Kv_vq? Avgv‡`i evwo iscyi|

amar bari sileT.

kwd‡Ki evwo ewikvj| gywbi Avi dwi‡`i evwo †Kv_vq? Ibv‡`i evwo ivRkvnx|

shofik er bari borishal.

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apnar bari kothai? amar bari sileT.

munirer bari kothai? onar bari khulna.

apnar ar mitir bari kothai? amader bari rawngpur.

munir ar forider bari kothai? onader bari rajshahi.

9. Role-play the dialogues above using the map of Bangladesh. In yes-no questions the particle “ki” is introduced after the subject followed by the name of the place and a suffix for “from”, “r/er”, is attached to it. Example: Am I from Dhaka? ami ki Dhaka + r? The short response is yes/ no, as the verb “to be” is not expressed in the present. Am I from…?

Yes, I am.

Avwg wK

i/Gi?

ami ki…………r/er?

i/Gi?

apni ki…………. r/er? Is he from…?

Avwg wK

i/Gi?

ami ki……….. r/er ? Is she from…?

Dwb wK

i/Gi?

uni ki………r/er? Is it from…?

IUv wK

i/Gi?

ota ki…………r/er? Are we from…?

Avgiv wK

i/Gi?

amra ki…………r/er? Are they from…?

Ibviv wK

nu¨v|

bv|

hae.

na.

Yes, you are.

Are you from…?

Avcwb wK

No, I am not.

i/Gi?

onara ki………..r/er?

No, you are not.

nu¨v|

bv|

hae. Yes, he is.

na. No, he is not.

nu¨v|

bv|

hae. Yes, she is.

na. No, she is not.

nu¨v|

bv|

hae. Yes, it is.

na. No, it is not.

nu¨v|

bv|

hae. Yes, we are.

na. No, we are not.

nu¨v|

bv|

hae. Yes, they are.

na. No, they are not.

nu¨v|

bv|

hae.

na.

10. Read the following dialogues and role-play them. “Yes” can be said in two ways: jee, and hae (ae as in had). Jee is more formal than hae, and is also used to respond to older people. Among strangers, both jee and hae can be used.

Avcwb wK evsjv‡`‡ki? apni ki bangladesher? nu¨v/ wR hae/ jee Yes, I am. Are you from Khulna? Avcwb wK Lyjbvi? apni ki khulnar? No, I am not. I am from Sylhet. bv| Avwg wm‡j‡Ui| na. ami sileTer. Is Munir from Bangladesh? gywbi wK evsjv‡`‡ki? munir ki bangladesher? Yes, he is. nu¨v/ wR| hae/ jee Are Munir and Miti from Rangpur? gywbi Avi wgwZ wK iscy‡ii? munir ar miti ki rawngpurer? Yes, they are. nu¨v/ wR| hae/ jee

1. A. Are you from Bangladesh? B. 2. A. B. 3. A. B. 4. A. B.

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Since social interactions in Bangladesh are hierarchical and largely determined by age differences and personal and social relationships, first names are mostly used to address peers, friends, family and younger people. Amongst Muslims, the suffixes “bhai” for older males and “apa” for older females follow the first names; for Hindus, “dada” and “didi” follow respectively. In the case of formal and professional interactions, suffixes follow either the first or last name: “shaheb”, “bhai” for males and “apa” for females. Titles equivalent to Mr., “janab” and Mrs., “begum*” are used as a prefix to the last name to refer to, as well as to address, a person. The Hindu equivalent is “sree” and “srimoti,” but the usage is different. “Madam” unattached to any names is now a common title used to address women in professional situations. Mr. Ahmed Mr. Ahmed Ahmed (brother) Mrs. Ahmed Rehana (sister)

Rbve Avn‡g` Avn‡g` mv‡ne Avn‡g` fvB †eMg Avn‡g` ‡invbv Avcv

janab ahmed ahmed shaheb ahmed bhai begom ahmed* rehana apa

*If Begum follows the first name, it is not equivalent to a title such as Mr. and Mrs. Example: Rehana Begum. What is it equivalent to? It is equivalent to a last name, which a woman typically drops after marriage.

The examples given below are a common form, 2nd person honorific, for formal and informal introductions. They are examples of how to ask someone’s name and how to respond, except for peers and younger people, where the 2nd person ordinary would be used. Example: What is your (ordinary) name? tomar nam ki?

What is your name?

Avcbvi bvg Kx?

What is your name?

apnar nam ki? My name is Shumon.

Avgvi bvg mygb|

Avcbvi bvg Kx? apnar nam ki?

My name is Ahsan Khan.

amar nam shumawn. The nominative and possessive pronouns are listed in all possible forms. 24

Avgvi bvg Avnmvb Lvb| amar nam ahsan khan.

I You He She It We You They

They (inanimate)

Avwg Avcwb/Zzwg/ZzB

ami

My

apni/tumi/tui

Your

Bwb,G/ Dwb,I/ wZwb, †m Bwb,G / Dwb,I / wZwb, †m GUv, IUv, †mUv

ini, e/ uni, o / tini, she

His

ini, e/ uni, o/ tini, she

Her

eTa/ oTa/ sheTa

Its

Avgiv Avcbviv/†Zvgiv/ †Zviv Gbviv, Giv/ Ibviv, Iiv/ Zviv G¸‡jv/ I¸‡jv/ †m¸‡jv

amra

Our

apnara/tomra/tora

Your

enara, era/ onara, ora/ tara, tara

Their

egulo/ ogulo shegulo

Their (inanimate)

Avgvi Avcbvi/‡Zvgvi/ †Zvi Gbvi, Gi/ Ibvi,Ii/ Zvi Gbvi, Gi/ Ibvi,Ii/ Zvi GUvi/ IUvi/ †mUvi Avgv‡`i Avcbv‡`i/ †Zvgv‡`i/ †Zv‡`i Gbv‡`i, G‡`i/ Ibv‡`i, I‡`i/ Zv‡`i G¸‡jvi/ I¸‡jvi/ †m¸‡jvi

amar apnar/ tomar/tor enar, er /onar, or/ tar enar, er /onar, or/ tar eTar/ oTar/ sheTar amader apnader/tomader/ toder enader/onader/tader

egulor/ ogulor/ shegulor

For the sake of simplicity, only the 2nd person honorific, apni/apnar, and the 3rd person distant honorific, uni/onar, will be used in the rest of the lessons unless otherwise specified.

What is his name?

Ibvi bvg Kx?

What is her name?

Ibvi bvg Kx?

onar nam ki?

onar nam ki? Her name is Rekha.

His name is Nayeem.

Ibvi bvg ‡iLv|

Ibvi bvg bvBg|

onar nam rekha.

onar nam nayeem.

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11. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker.

A. Greetings! B. Greetings! A. My name is Farid. What is your name? B. My name is Aloke. A. How are you, Aloke? B. Fine. How are you? A. Fine.

Avm&mvjvgyqvjvBKzg| IqvjvBKzg Avm&mvjvg| Avgvi bvg dwi`| Avcbvi bvg Kx? Avgvi bvg A‡jvK| ‡Kgb Av‡Qb A‡jvK? fvj| Avcwb †Kgb Av‡Qb? fvj|

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assalamalaikum walaikum assalam amar nam forid. apnar nam ki? amar nam awlok. kaemon achen awlok? bhalo. apni kaemon achen? bhalo.

12. Work in pairs or in small groups. Look at the pictures and make up similar dialogues. The simple present tense expresses habitual action. Example: I live in Dhaka; I study every day. To form the simple present tense of any verb in Bangla, personal endings are added to the verb stem. Example: I live = ami + thak- + i = ami thaki. The personal endings are given below: Person

Verb Stem

1st (ami) 2nd (apni honorific) 2nd (tumi ordinary) 3rd (ini/uni/tini honorific) 3rd (e/o/she ordinary)

Ending

-

-i -en -o -en -e

Unlike English, the singular and plural have the same form in Bangla. Example: He lives/ They live. uni thaken/ onara thaken. “Live”: The verb stem of “live” is “thak-”. I live. you live. he lives. she lives. we live. you (plural) live. they live.

Avwg _vwK| Avcwb _v‡Kb| Zzwg _vK| Bwb/Dwb/wZwb _v‡Kb| G/I/†m _v‡K| Bwb/Dwb/wZwb _v‡Kb| G/I/†m _v‡K| Avgiv _vwK| Avcbviv _v‡Kb| ‡Zvgiv _vK| Gbviv/Ibviv/Zviv _v‡Kb| Giv/Iiv/Zviv _v‡K|

ami thaki apni thaken. tumi thako. ini/uni/tini thaken. e/o/she thake. ini/uni/tini thaken. e/o/she thake. amra thaki. apnara thaken. tomra thako. enara/onara/tara thaken. era/ora/tara thake.

In yes-no questions the word order is: subject + a particle (ki) + noun + verb. The response is: yes, conjugated verb; or no, conjugated verb no. Example: Do you live in Sylhet? /Yes, I live in Sylhet./ No, I do not live in Sylhet.

Avcwb wK wm‡j‡U _v‡Kb? nu¨v/wR, Avwg wm‡j‡U _vwK| bv, Avwg wm‡j‡U _vwK bv| apni ki sileTe thaken? hae/jee, ami sileTe thaki. na, sileTe thaki na.

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13. Listen to the following statements and repeat after the speaker.

(1) My name is Farid.

(2)

. (3)

His name is Munir.

Her name is Amina.

Avgvi bvg dwi`|

Ibvi bvg gywbi|

Ibvi bvg Avwgbv|

amar nam forid. I live in Rangamati.

onar nam munir. He lives in Dhaka.

onar nam amina. She lives in Barisal.

Avwg iv½vgvwU‡Z _vwK|

Dwb XvKvq _v‡Kb|

Dwb ewikv‡j _v‡Kb|

ami rangamaTite thaki.

uni Dhakai thaken.

uni borishale thaken.

(5) They live in Khulna.

(4) We live in Chittagong.

Avgiv wPUvMs G _vwK|

Ibviv Lyjbvq _v‡Kb|

amra ciTagawng-e thaki.

onara khulnai thaken.

14. Read the following sentences. Translate them into English.

gywbi XvKvq _v‡K| Avcwb wK wPUvMs-G _v‡Kb? nu¨v, _vwK| †iLv MvRxcy‡i _v‡K bv| Avcwb †Kv_vq _v‡Kb? Avwg wm‡j‡U _vwK| wgwZ Avi dwi` †Kv_vq _v‡K? Ibviv ewikv‡j _v‡Kb|

munir Dhakai thake. apni ki ciTagawng-e thaken? hae, thaki. rekha gazipure thake na. apni kothai thaken? ami sileTe thaki. miti ar forid kothai thaken? onara borishale thaken.

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15. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Make up a similar dialogue. Work in pairs or in small groups.

Avm&mvjvgyqvjvBKzg| IqvjvBKzg Avm&mvjvg| Avgvi bvg Avwgbv| Avcbvi bvg Kx? Avgvi bvg gywbi| ‡Kgb Av‡Qb gywbi? fvj| Avcwb †Kgb Av‡Qb? fvj|

assalamalaikum walaikum assalam amar nam amina. apnar nam ki? amar nam munir kaemon achen munir? bhalo. apni kaemon achen? bhalo.

16. Imagine that you are new to the class. Ask your partner about the rest of the students (their names and where they live). Use the model below. Work in pairs or in small groups.

Ibvi bvg Kx? Ibvi bvg evkvi| Dwb †Kv_vq _v‡Kb? Dwb wm‡j‡U _v‡Kb|

onar nam ki? onar nam bashar. uni kothai thaken? uni sileTe thaken.

17. What is the question? Read the answers below and reproduce the questions in Bangla. 1. ____________________________?

bv| Avwg XvKvi| na. ami Dhakar. 2. ____________________________?

nu¨v, Avwg ewikv‡j _vwK| hae. ami borishale thaki. . 3. ____________________________?

nu¨v, Dwb ivRkvnxi| hae. uni rajshahir.

4. ____________________________?

nu¨v, Dwb ewikv‡j _v‡Kb| hae, uni borishale thaken.

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5. ____________________________?

bv| Dwb wm‡j‡Ui| na. uni sileTer. 6. _____________________________?

nu¨v, Avgvi bvg kwdK| hae. amar nam shofik.

7. _____________________________?

bv| Dwb Rbve ‡nv‡mb bv| na. uni janab hosen na. 8. _____________________________?

nu¨v, Avwg Rvgvjcy‡ii| hae. ami jamalpurer.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Read the following sentences and translate them from English into Bangla. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H.

My name is Tanya. I am from Moscow. Do you live in Seattle? Yes. His name is Joe. He lives in Berlin. We are from Vancouver. My name is Maurice. I am from Chicago. His name is Bob. He lives in Boston. Her name is Susan. She lives in San Diego. What is your name? My name is Tony. •

In the Romanization, the English spelling of foreign names is retained, but capitalization is omitted.

2. Pretend that you are at a party. Introduce yourself to other people and ask them their names, where they are from, and where they live. Work in pairs or in small groups. Use the model below.

Avm&mvjvgyqvjvBKzg| Avgvi bvg mygb| Avcbvi bvg Kx? IqvjvBKzg Avm&mvjvg| Avgvi bvg wknve| Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki| Avcbvi †`k †Kv_vq? Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki| Avwg iscy‡i _vwK| Avcwb †Kv_vq _v‡Kb? Avwg cvebvq _vwK|

assalamualaikum. amar nam shumawn. apnar nam ki? walaikum assalam. amar nam shihab. ami bangladesher. apnar desh kothai? ami bangladesher. ami rawngpure thaki. apni kothai thaken? ami pabnai thaki.

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3. Introduce your friend to your classmates. Use the model below.

Ibvi bvg Kwei| Dwb evsjv‡`‡ki| Dwb evsjv‡`kx| Dwb cvebvq _v‡Kb|

onar nam kobir. uni bangladesher. uni Bangladeshi. uni pabnai thaken.

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Vocabulary List Greetings Greetings in response Good morning Good evening Good night Good-bye Informal good-bye Informal greeting See you How are you? Fine/ very well Thank you My name is … I He She It You We They live in No Yes be (verb stem) be from Where are you from? What is your name? Where do you live? My Your His Her Our Their Their (inanimate)

Avm&mvjvgvjvBKzg* IqvjvBKzg Avm&mvjvg* mycÖfvZ ïfmܨv ïfivwÎ ‡Lv`v nv‡dR Avwm/hvB Kx Lei? ‡`Lv n‡e ‡Kgb Av‡Qb?/Kx Lei? fvj/ Lye fvj ab¨ev` Avgvi bvg Avwg Dwb /I Dwb/ I IUv Avcwb/ Zzwg Avgiv Ibviv/ Iiv -G _vwK bv nu¨v/wR n-/ AvQ-i, -Gi Avcbvi evwo/‡`k †Kv_vq? Avcbvi bvg Kx? Avcwb †Kv_vq _v‡Kb? Avgvi Avcbvi/ †Zvgvi Ibvi/ Ii Ibvi/ Ii Avgv‡`i Ibv‡`i/ I‡`i 33 I¸‡jvi

These Arabic words mean “peace be upon you”.

assalamalaikum walaikum assalam shuprobhat shubhoshondha shubhoratri khoda hafez ashi/jai ki khawbor? daekha hawbe. kaemon achen? ki khawbor? bhalo/ khub bhalo dhonnobad amar nam…. ami uni/ o uni/ o ota apni/ tumi amra onara/ ora -e thaki na hae/jee haw-/ ach-r, -er apnar bari/desh kothai? apnar nam ki? apni kothai thaken? amar apnar/ tomar onar/ or onar/ or amader onader/oder ogulor

Answer Key 14. 1. Munir lives in Dhaka. 2. Do you live in Chittagong? Yes, I do. 3. Rekha does not live in Gazipur. 4. Where do you live? I live in Sylhet. 5. Where do Miti and Farid live? They live in Barisal. 17. 1. Avcwb wK e¸ovi? apni ki bogurar? 2. Avcwb wK ewikv‡j _v‡Kb? apni ki borishale thaken? 3. Dwb wK ivRkvnxi? uni ki rajshahir? 4. Dwb wK Lyjbvq _v‡Kb? uni ki khulnai thaken? 5. Dwb wK wm‡j‡Ui? uni ki sileTer? 6. Avcbvi bvg wK kwdK? apnar nam ki shofik? 7. Dwb wK Rbve ‡nv‡mb? uni ki janab hosen? 8. Avcwb wK Rvgvjcy‡ii? apni ki jamalpurer?

End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. In translating “I/we am/are from foreign cities” as given below, do not use “bari/desh” but the other form that you have learned.

Avgvi bvg Zvwbqv| Avwg g‡¯‹vi| amar nam tanya. ami moscow-r. Avcwb wK wmq¨vU‡j _v‡Kb? wR| apni ki seattle-e thaken? jee. Ibvi bvg †Rv| Dwb evwj©‡b _v‡Kb| onar nam joe. uni berlin-e thaken, Avgiv f¨v¼zfv‡ii| amra vancouverer. Avgvi bvg gwim| Avwg wkKv‡Mvi| amar nam maurice. ami chicago-r. Ibvi bvg myRvb| Dwb m¨vb wW‡q‡Mv‡Z _v‡Kb| onar nam susan. uni san diego-te thaken. Avcbvi bvg Kx? Avgvi bvg †Uvwb| apnar nam ki? amar nam Tony.* * In the Romanization the English spelling of the foreign names are retained but capitalization is omitted.

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Lesson 2 Living and Working

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

_vKv I RxweKv thaka o jiibika

This lesson will introduce you to: - Typical housing arrangements of most people living in Bangladesh - Using “or” in questions about living arrangements and professions - The verb “to have” in the present tense - Names of professions (singular and plural forms). Most people live in apartments and houses in the capital, Dhaka, in the smaller cities and in the towns. In the rural areas people usually live in huts and small houses.

1. Look at the pictures below and listen to the words. Repeat the words after the speaker.

apartment

d¬vU

apartment building

room

wej&wWs

Ni

house

evwo

flat

building

ghawr

bari

military camp

tent

barracks

wgwjUvwi K¨v¤ú&

Zvey

e¨vivK

hotel

‡nv‡Uj

military camp

tabu

barrack

hotel

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2. Match the Bangla words on the left with their English equivalents on the right. Replay the audio from the previous section if necessary.

Zvey Ni evwo d¬¨vU ‡nv‡Uj wejwWs e¨vivK wgwjUvwi K¨v¤ú

tabu

Hotel

ghawr

Tent

bari

Barracks

flat

Room

hotel

Military camp

building

House

barrack

Apartment

military camp

Apartment building

3. Read the following sentences and translate them into English. Check your work with the answer key.

1. Avwj wgwjUvwi K¨v‡¤ú GKUv Zvey‡Z _v‡K|* ali military campe aekTa tabute thake.

2. †eMg ingvb GKUv †QvU d¬¨v‡U _v‡Kb| begom rawhman aekTa choTo flate thaken.

3. dwi` Avi †iby wm‡j‡U GKUv eo evwo‡Z _v‡K| forid ar renu sileTe aekTa bawro barite thake.

4. Zv‡iK ‡nv‡U‡j _v‡K| tarek hotele thake.

5. iwe Avi †gv‡gb e¨viv‡K _v‡K| robi ar momen barracke thake.

6. gywbi Avi Avwg Avgv‡`i evwo‡Z _vwK| munir ar ami amader barite thaki. *The third person ordinary verb ending, -e, is added to the verb stem of “live,” “thak-”, as the people are being referred to by their first names, with the exception of Begum Rahman; she is referred to with a title. Example: he/she lives: o thak-+e; he/she (honorific) lives: uni thak-+en.

36

4. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Then, make up similar dialogues. Work in pairs or in small groups.

Avwg GKUv eo evwo‡Z _vwK| Avcwb †Kv_vq _v‡Kb? Avwg wgwjUvwi K¨v‡¤ú GKUv Zvey‡Z _vwK|

ami aekTa bawro barite thaki. apni kothai thaken?

2. A. Munir lives in the hotel. Where does Amina live? B. Amina lives in a flat.

gywbi †nv‡U‡j _v‡K| Avwgbv †Kv_vq _v‡K?

munir hotele thake. amina kothai thake?

Avwgbv d¬¨v‡U _v‡K|

amina flate thake.

3. A.

Avgiv e¨viv‡K _vwK| gywbi Avi Avwgbv †Kv_vq _v‡K?

amra barracke thaki. munir ar amina kothai thake?

1. A.

I live in a big house. Where do you live?

B. I live in a tent in a military camp.

We live in the barracks. Where do Munir and Amina live? B. They live in the military camp.

ami military camp e aekTa tabu te thaki.

Iiv wgwjUvwi K¨v‡¤ú _v‡K| ora military camp e thake.

The word “or” in an affirmative statement, which is “ba”, becomes “na” in a choice question. Example: you or she = apni ba uni; you or she? = apni na uni? 5. Read the following dialogues and translate them into English. Make up similar dialogues using the words below. Work in pairs or in small groups. Check the answer key.

1. A. Avcwb wK evwo‡Z bv d¬ª¨v‡U _v‡Kb?

apni ki barite na flate thaken? ami barite thaki.

B. Avwg evwo‡Z _vwK| 2. A. Ibviv wK †nv‡U‡j bv d¬ª¨v‡U G _v‡Kb? B. Ibviv d¬ª¨v‡U _v‡Kb|

onara ki hotele na flate thaken? onara flate thaken.

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6. Compose selected questions using the model and the words below. Check your work with the answer key. Model: Do you live in a tent or in the barracks?

Avcwb wK Zvey bv e¨viv‡K _v‡Kb? apni ki tabu na barracke thaken?

Avcwb Ibviv Dwb Dwb Avgiv

Zvey / e¨vivK ‡nv‡Uj / evwo d¬¨vU / wgwjUvwi K¨v¤ú& evwo / d¬¨vU d¬¨vU / ‡nv‡Uj

apni onara uni uni amra

tabu/barrack hotel/bari flat/military camp bari/ flat flat/hotel

7. Listen to the speaker and circle the words you hear. Check your work with the answer key.

1. 2. 3. 4.

barracks house military camp apartment

tent apartment building room hotel

In order to express the verb “to have” in the present tense in Bangla, the present stem “ach-”of the verb “be” is used. For a possessive construction with “have” in the present, the subject takes the possessive form and the verb “ach-” is in the 3rd person ordinary form in the present tense for all persons, 1st, 2nd, and 3rd. Example: I have = amar ach + e. (A list of personal pronouns in the possessive is given in lesson 1.) I have You have He/she has We have You (plural) have They have

.

Avgvi Av‡Q ‡Zvgvi Av‡Q Ibvi Av‡Q Avgv‡`i Av‡Q Avcbv‡`i Av‡Q Ibv‡`i Av‡Q

amar ache tomar ache onar ache amader ache apnader ache onader ache

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8. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. 1 I have a house in Rajshahi. 2 We have a room in a building. 3. Ali has an apartment in Dhaka. 4. Munir and Miti have their house in Khulna.

Avgvi ivRkvnx‡Z GKUv evwo Av‡Q| Avgv‡`i GKUv wej&wWs-G GKUv Ni Av‡Q| Avwji XvKvq GKUv d¬¨vU Av‡Q| gywbi Avi wgwZi Lyjbvq evwo Av‡Q|

amar rajshahite aekTa bari ache. amader aekTa building-e aekta ghawr ache. alir Dhakai aekTa flat ache. munir ar mitir khulnai bari ache.

9. Make up sentences using the correct form of the verb “to have.” Model: I have an apartment.

Avwg ami

Avcwb/Zywg

evwo

apni/tumi

Dwb/I uni/o

Dwb/I uni/o

IUv

d¬vU AvQ-

oTa

Avgiv

Ni

amra

Ibviv/Iiv; onara/ora

I¸‡jv ogulo In the capital, Dhaka, and in large towns, the common professions are doctors, teachers, nurses, government workers, office workers, bankers, writers, police officers, rickshaw pullers, taxi drivers, and so forth. In the rural villages the large majority are farmers with a few doctors, nurses and teachers. With the exception of expensive hotels, there are hardly any waitresses. Waiters or “beara” are addressed as “ei je bhai” (hey, brother), or simply “shunchen?” (are you listening?)

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10. Listen to the new vocabulary related to professions and repeat after the speaker. Profession Doctor Nurse Laborer Teacher Student Soldier Mechanic Farmer Police officer Waiter Interpreter Rickshaw puller Writer

‡ckv Wv³vi bvm© kªwgK wk¶K/wkw¶Kv* QvÎ/QvÎx* ‰mwbK †gKvwbK K…lK cywjm Awdmvi ‡eqviv Abyev`K wiKkvIqvjv ‡jLK

pesha daktar nurse sromik shikkhawk/shikkhika chatro/chatri shoinik mechanic krishawk police officer beara onubadok rikshawala lekhok

* The feminine form. Some nouns have both masculine and feminine forms. 11. Circle the more likely profession of the two choices under the photo.

bvm© bv wkw¶Kv?

kªwgK bv K„lK?

nurse na shikkhika?

sromik na farmer?

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QvÎ bv wiKkvIqvjv?

‰mwbK bv Abyev`K?

chatro na rikshawala?

shoinik na onubadok?

12. Match the Bangla words on the right with their English equivalents on the left.

1. Profession 2. Doctor 3. Nurse 4. Laborer 5. Teacher 6. Student 7. Soldier 8. Mechanic 9. Farmer 10. Police officer 11. Waiter 12. Interpreter 13. Rickshaw puller 14. Writer

wiKkvIqvjv B. K„lK C. Abyev`K D. ‡jLK E. bvm© F. cywjk Awdmvi G. Wv³vi H. kªwgK I. QvÎ J. ‰mwbK K. ‡gKvwbK L. wk¶K M. ‡eqviv N. ‡ckv A.

rikshawala krishawk onubadok lekhok nurse police officer daktar sromik chatro shoinik mechanic shikkhawk beara pesha

The plural is generally indicated by adding suffixes to a noun. When a noun is a human being, the plural suffix –ra or –era is added to the noun. For all other classes of nouns, i.e., animals and things, -gulo is added. However, plural suffixes are often excluded in Bangla. For example, if the subject of the sentence is plural, its complement does not have to be plural, i.e., the plural suffix is not added to the noun. Example: He is a doctor = o daktar; They are doctors = ora daktar.

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13. Listen to the plural form of nouns related to the names of professions, and repeat after the speaker. Profession

- professions

‡ckv

‡ckv¸‡jv

Pasha doctor

peshagulo - doctors

Wv³vi

Wv³viiv

daktar nurse

daktarra - nurses

bvm© nurse laborer

kªwgK sromik teacher

wk¶K/ wkw¶Kv shikkhawk student

QvÎ/ QvÎx

bvm©iv nursera - laborers

kªwgKiv sromikra - teachers

wk¶Kiv/ wkw¶Kviv shikkhawkra / shikkhikra - students

QvÎiv/ QvÎxiv

chatro/ chatri soldier

chatrora/ chatrira - soldiers

‰mwbK

‰mwbKiv

shoinik mechanic

shoinikra - mechanics

‡gKvwbK

‡gKvwbKiv

mechanic farmer

mechanicra - farmers

K…lK krishawk police officer

cywjm Awdmvi police officer waiter

‡eqviv beara interpreter

Abyev`K onubakok rickshaw puller

K…lKiv krishawkra - police officers

cywjm Awdmviiv police officerra - waiters

‡eqviviv bearara - interpreters

Abyev`Kiv onubadokra - rickshaw pullers

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wiKkvIqvjv

- wiKkvIqvjviv

rikshawala writer

-rikshawalara -writers

‡jLK

-‡jLKiv

lekhok

-lekhokra

14. Listen to the speaker and put a circle around each word you hear. Replay the audio as many times as you need to. Check your answers with the answer key. A. He is a mechanic / farmer. B. They are teachers / doctors. C. She is an interpreter / student. D. They are police officers / soldiers.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Give a brief introduction of yourself, listing your name, where you are from, where you live, and what your occupation is in Bangla.

2. Listen to the recording and circle all the professions you hear. Check the answer key. A.

1. waitress 2. police officer 3. interpreter

B.

1. nurse 2. teacher 3. farmer

C.

1. doctor 2. nurse 3. student

3. Reproduce the questions to the following answers. 1. ____________________?

Avgvi bvg A‡jvK| amar nam awlok. 2.. ____________________?

Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki| ami bangladesher. 3. ____________________?

wR/nu¨v, Avwg XvKvq _vwK| jee/hae, ami Dhakai thaki. 4____________________?

wR/nu¨v, Avwg GKRb wk¶K| jee/ hae, ami aekjon shikkhawk.

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Vocabulary List Apartment Apartment building/ building Barracks Military camp House Tent Room Big Small Profession/professions Farmer/farmers Doctor/doctors Nurse/nurses Laborer/laborers Teacher/teachers Student/students Soldier/soldiers Mechanic/mechanics Waiter/waiters Interpreter/interpreters Police officer/ police officers Rickshaw puller/ rickshaw pullers Writer/ writers have

d¬vU wejwWs

flat

e¨vivK wgwjUvwi K¨v¤ú& evwo Zvey Ni eo ‡QvU ‡ckv / ‡ckv¸‡jv K…lK / K…lKiv Wv³i / Wv³iiv bvm© / bvm©iv kªwgK / kªwgKiv wk¶K / wk¶Kiv QvÎ / QvÎiv ‰mwbK / ‰mwbKiv ‡gKvwbK / ‡gKvwbKiv ‡eqviv / ‡eqviviv Abyev`K / Abyev`Kiv cywjm Awdmvi / cywjm Awdmviiv wiKkvIqvjv/ wiKkvIqvjviv

barrack

‡jLK/ †jLKiv AvQ-

lekhok/ lekhokra

building

military camp bari tabu ghawr bawro choTo pasha/ peshagulo krishawk/ krishawkra daktar/ daktarra nurse/ nursera sromik/ sromikra shikkhawk/ shikkhawkra chatro/ chatora shoinik/ shoinikra mechanic/ mechanicra beara/ bearara onubadok/ onubadokra police officer/ police officerra rikshawala/ rikshawalara

ach-

45

Answer Key 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Ali lives in a tent at the military camp. Begom Rawhman lives in a small apartment. Forid and Renu live in a big house in City. Tarek lives in a hotel. Robi and Momen live in the barracks. Munir and I live in our house.

5. 1. A. Do you live in a house or in an apartment? B. I live in a house. 2. A. Do they live in a hotel or in an apartment building? B. They live in an apartment building. 6.

Avcwb wK Zvey bv e¨viv‡K _v‡Kb? apni ki tabu na barracke thaken?

Ibviv wK ‡nv‡Uj bv evwo‡Z _v‡Kb? onara ki hotel na barite thaken?

Dwb wK d¬¨vU bv wgwjUvwi K¨v‡¤ú _v‡Kb? uni ki flat na military campe thaken?

Dwb wK evwo‡Z bv d¬¨v‡U _v‡Kb? uni ki barite na flate thaken?

Avgiv wK d¬¨vU bv †nv‡U‡j _vwK? amra ki flat na hotele thaki? 7. 1. Zvey 2. evwo 3.wgwjUvwi K¨v¤ú 4. ‡nv‡Uj

tabu bari military camp hotel

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12. 1. Profession

(n)

2. Doctor

(g)

3. Nurse

(e)

4. Laborer

(h)

5. Teacher

(l)

6. Student

(i)

7. Soldier

(j)

8. Mechanic

(k)

9. Farmer

(b)

10. Police Officer

(f)

11. Waiter

(m)

12. Interpreter

(c)

13. Rickshaw puller (a) 14. Writer

(d)

wiKkvIqvjv B. K„l C. Abyev D. ‡jLK E. b F. cywjk Awdmvi G. Wv³ H. kªwgK I. QvÎ J. ‰mwbK K. ‡gKvwbK L. w M. ‡eqviv N. ‡ckv A.

14. A. He is a farmer.

Dwb GKRb K…lK| uni aekjon krishawk. B. They are teachers.

Ibviv wk¶K| onara shikkhawk. C. She is an interpreter.

Dwb GKRb Abyev`K | uni aekjon onubadok. D. They are soldiers.

Ibviv ‰mwbK| onara shoinik. End-of-Lesson Tasks 2. 1. onubadok Abyev`K 2. 3.

wk¶K QvÎ

Interpreter

shikkhawk

Teacher

chatro

Student

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rikshawala krishawk onubadok lekhok nurse police officer daktar sromik chatro shoinik mekanik shikkhawk beara pesha

3. 1. Avcbvi bvg Kx? apnar nam ki?

Avgvi bvg A‡jvK| amar nam awlok. 2. Avcbvi ‡`k †Kv_vq? apnar desh kothai?

Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki| ami bangladesher. 3. Avcwb wK XvKvq _v‡Kb? apni ki Dhakai thaken?

wR/nu¨v, Avwg XvKvq _vwK| jee/hae, ami Dhakai thaki. 4. Avcwb wK GKRb wk¶K? apni ki aekjon shikkhawk?

wR/nu¨v, Avwg GKRb wk¶K| jee/ hae, ami aekjon shikkhawk.

48

Lesson 3 Days of the Week, Numbers, Ages of People

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

mßv‡ni w`b¸wj, b¤^i, gvby‡li eqm

shawptaher dinguli, number, manusher bawysh

This lesson will introduce you to: - Days of the week - Numbers from 0 to 100 - How to understand and respond to questions about what day it is - How to find out somebody’s age and tell how old you are.

1. Listen to the days of the week and repeat them after the speaker. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday

‡mvgevi g½jevi eyaevi e„n¯úwZevi ïµevi kwbevi iweevi

shombar mongolbar budhbar brihoshpotibar shukrobar shonibar robibar

Read the days of the week several times, practicing pronunciation. Replay the audio if necessary.

2. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. Role-play the dialogues using the names of the other days of the week. Work in pairs or in small groups.

iweevi

g½jevi

e„n¯úwZevi

kwbevi

eyaevi

ïµevi

robibar

mongolbar

brihoshpotibar

shonibar

budhbar

shukrobar

1. What day is it today? Today is Monday. 2. Is today Monday? Yes, today is Monday. 3. Is today Monday? No, today is Tuesday.

AvR‡K Kx evi? AvR‡K ‡mvgevi| AvR‡K wK ‡mvgevi? wR, AvR‡K †mvgevi| AvR‡K wK ‡mvgevi? bv, AvR‡K g½jevi|

49

ajke ki bar? ajke shombar. ajke ki shombar? jee, ajke shombar. ajke ki shombar? na, ajke mongolbar.

3. Listen to the pronunciations and read the numbers from 0 to 10.

0 0

1 1

2 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

7 7

8 8

9 9

10 10 dawsh

k~b¨

GK

`yB

wZb

Pvi

cuvP

Qq

mvZ

AvU

bq

shunno

aek

dui

tin

car

pac

chawy

shat

aT

nawy

`k

4. Read the following dialogue. A. What is your telephone number? B. My telephone number is 984 – 0217. A. What is your house (apartment) number? B. My house (apartment) number is 456.

Avcbvi ‡dvb b¤^i Kx?

apnar phone number ki?

Avgvi †dvb b¤^i 984-0217| Avcbvi evwoi (d¬¨v‡Ui) b¤^i Kx? Avgvvi evwoi (d¬¨v‡Ui) b¤^i 456|

amar phone number 984 – 0217. apnar barir(flater) number ki? amar barir (flater) number 456.

5. Using the numbers above, tell in Bangla your telephone number, house number, and apartment number according to the model below. My telephone number is… My house number is… My apartment number is…

Avgvi †dvb b¤^i... Avgvi evwoi b¤^i... Avgvi d¬¨v‡Ui b¤^i...

amar phone number… amar barir number… amar flater number

6. Pretend that you are in the hospital. Your classmate is a medical receptionist who wants to know your name, your telephone number, and your house number. Role-play the dialogue using exercise 4 as a model.

7. Listen to the sentences and write down the missing numbers you hear. Check the answer key. Model: Avgvi †dvb b¤^i 567___8__ 4| amar phone number 567__8___4. 1. My telephone number is 2. My telephone number is 3. My telephone number is 4. My telephone number is 5. My telephone number is

67_____653. 432_____01. 89645_____. 4____0692. 978____645.

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Numerically, the structure of numbers in Bangla is similar to English, but the pronunciation is not as symmetric. Example: 11 = 11; 12 = 12; 13 = 13……19 = 19; 91 = 91; 92 = 92……99 = 99. The first letters, e of (a)egaro, b of baro, t of taero….. in 11—18 ; and e of ekush, b of baish, t of teish are common. This pattern holds for 31—38, 41—48 …. up to 91—98. Example: 11 = (a)egaro; 21 = ekhush; 31 = ektrish. However, the numbers 19, 29, 39……99, which end with 9, begin with uno-, meaning one less, and end with the next number attached to it. Example: 29 = uno + tirish = unotirish; 39 = uno + collish = unocollish Only 99 begins with nira- ; i.e., 99 = nira + nobboi = niranobboi.

8. Listen as the speaker says the numbers 11 to 20. Repeat after the speaker. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

GMvi evi ‡Zi ‡PŠÏ c‡bi ‡lvj m‡Zi AvVvi Ewbk wek

aegaro baro taero coddo ponero sholo shotero aTharo unish bish

9. Read the following numbers in Bangla: 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20

GMvi, ‡Zi, c‡bi, m‡Zi, Ewbk, evi, ‡PŠÏ, ‡lvj, AvVvi, wek aegaro, taero, ponero, shotero, unish, baro, coddo, sholo, aTharo, bish 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four twenty-five twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

GKzk evBk ‡ZBk PweŸk cuwPk QvweŸk mvZvk AvVvk EbwÎk

ekush baish teish cobbish pocish chabbish shatash aThash unotrish

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10. Read the texts and translate into English. Check your work with the answer key.

1. Avgvi bvg A‡jvK| Avwg gqgbwms‡n _vwK| Avwg GKRb †jLK| Avgvi GKUv evwo Av‡Q| Avgvi evwoi b¤^i 21. 1. amar nam awlok. ami mawymonshinge thaki. ami aekjon lekhok. amar aekta bari ache. amar barir number 21.

2. Avwid GKRb ˆmwbK| Dwb GKUv d¬¨v‡U _v‡Kb| Ibvi d¬¨v‡Ui b¤^i 25| 2. arif aekjon shoinik. uni aekta flate thaken. onar barir number 25.

3. Ibvi bvg †invbv| Dwb GKRb wkw¶Kv| Dwb evwo‡Z _v‡Kb| Ibvi evwoi b¤^i 16. 3. onar nam rehana. uni aekjon shikkhika. uni barite thaken, onar barir number 16.

4. gywbi Avi Avwgbvi Kzwgj−vq GKUv evwo Av‡Q| I‡`i evwoi b¤^i 14| 4. munir ar aminar kumillai aekta bari ache. oder barir number 14.

11. Listen to the speaker and circle the number you hear in each row. Check the answer key. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

-

10 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

-

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29

12. Listen to the next set of numbers. Repeat after the speaker. 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety one hundred

30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

wZwik Pwj−k cÂvk lvU mËi Avwk beŸB GKk

tirish collish pawncash shaT shottor ashi nobboi aeksho

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13. Read the following numbers in Bangla. 30, 31, 40, 42, 50, 53, 60, 64, 70, 75, 80, 86, 90, 97, 100. The common form for asking questions about the age of older people is: onar (honorific 3rd person) bawysh (age) kawto (how much)? For younger people it is: or (ordinary 3rd person) bawysh (age) kawto (how much)? It is impolite to ask an older person’s age directly. However, asking someone younger is acceptable, and the ordinary 2nd person is used: tomar bawsh kawto?

14. Listen to the following short exchanges asking about ages. Repeat after the speaker. 1. A. How old are you? B. I am 32 years old.

Avcbvi eqm KZ? Avgvi eqm 32 eQi |

apnar bawysh kawto? amar bawysh 32 bawchor.

2. A. How old is he? B. He is 11.

Ibvi eqm KZ? Dwb 11|

onar bawysh kawto? uni aegaro.

3. A. How old is she? B. She is 86 years old.

Ibvi eqm KZ? Ibvi eqm 86 eQi |

onar bawysh kawto? onar bawysh 86 bawchor.

4. A. Is she 34 years old?

Ibvi eqm wK 34 eQi? bv, Dwb 35|

onar bawysh ki 34 bawchor? na, uni 35.

5. A. Are you 21? B. Yes, I am 21.

Avcwb wK 21? wR, Avwg 21|

apni ki 21? jee, ami 21.

6. A. What is your age? B. I am 47.

Avcbvi eqm KZ? Avwg, 47|

apnar bawysh kawto? ami 47.

B. No, she is 35.

15. Read the above dialogues again. Work in pairs and role-play the dialogues with a classmate.

16. Tell your classmates in Bangla how old you are and ask them their ages.

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17. Listen and match the age with the name. Check the answer key. Salma Nasim Koli Rina Jalil

mvjgv salma bvwmg nasim Kwj koli wibv rina Rwjj jolil

11 72 52 29 43

*If the above is a conversation and Rina is older than the speaker, then an appropriate suffix, (e.g., apa) should be added to her name, or a title (e.g., Begum) should precede her last name.

54

End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the following statements in Bangla. Answer the questions. Pause or replay the audio as necessary until you understand the relevant information. Check your work with the answer key A. Kx Lei? Avgvi bvg †mv‡nj| Avgvi eqm 26| Avwg GKRb cywjk Awdmvi| ki khawbor? amar nam shohel. amar bawysh chabbish. ami aekjon police officer. B. Ibvi bvg cjvk| Ibvi eqm 40| Dwb GKRb ‰mwbK| onar nam palash. onar bawysh collish. uni aekjon shoinik. C. Ibvi bvg Avqkv| Ibvi eqm 44| Dwb GKRb wkw¶Kv| onar nam aysha. onar bawysh cuallish. uni aekjon shikkhika. 1. What is his/her name? 2. How old is he/she? 3. What is his/her profession? 2. Recite the following in Bangla. Ask what day it is. AvR‡K Kx evi? ajke ki bar? Say what day it is today. AvR‡K -----| ajke ----Ask someone’s age. Avcbvi eqm KZ? apnar bawysh kawto? Say how old you are. Avgvi eqm ÑÑÑÑÑ | amar bawysh ÑÑÑÑÑ

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Vocabulary List Day Today Year Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Telephone Number Age How old are you? What day is it today? Today is Monday. I am 25 years old. 0 zero 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen

din ajke bawchor shombar mongolbar budhbar brihoshpotibar shukrobar shonibar robibar Telephone number bawysh apnar bawysh kawto? ajke ki bar? ajke shombar. amar bawysh 25 bawchor. shunno aek dui tin car pac chawy shat aT nawy dawsh aegaro baro taero coddo ponero sholo shotero aTharo

56

w`b AvR‡K eQi ‡mvgevi g½jevi eyaevi e„n¯úwZevi ïµevi kwbevi iweevi ‡Uwj‡dvb b¤^i eqm Avcbvi eqm KZ? AvR‡K Kx evi? AvR‡K †mvgevi| Avgvi eqm 25 eQi| 0 k~b¨ 1 GK 2 `yB 3 wZb 4 Pvi 5 cuvP 6 Qq 7 mvZ 8 AvU 9 bq 10 `k 11 GMvi 12 evi 13 †Zi 14 ‡PŠÏ 15 c‡bi 16 ‡lvj 17 m‡Zi 18 AvVvi

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

nineteen twenty twenty-one twenty-two twenty-three twenty-four twenty-five twenty-six twenty-seven twenty-eight twenty-nine thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety one hundred

19 Ewbk 20 wek 21 GKzk 22 evBk 23 ‡ZBk 24 PweŸk 25 cuwPk 26 QvweŸk 27 mvZvk 28 AvUvk 29 EbwÎk 30 wZwik 40 Pwj−k 50 cÂvk 60 lvU 70 mËi 80 Avwk 90 beŸB 100 GKkÕ

unish bish ekush baish teish cobbish pocish chabbish shatash aThash unotrish tirish collish pawncash shaT shottor ashi nobboi aeksho

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Answer Key 7. 1.

Avgvi †dvb b¤^i 67__4___ 653| amar phone number 67___4__653 2. Avgvi †dvb b¤^i 432__5___ 01| amar phone number 432___5__01. 3. Avgvi †dvb b¤^i 89645___0__ | amar phone number 89645__0___. 4. Avgvi †dvb b¤^i 4__3___ 0692| amar phone number 4_3___0692. 5. Avgvi †dvb b¤^i 978__2___ 645| amar phone number 978__2__645.

Avgvi †dvb b¤^i Qq mvZ___Pvi___ Qq cuvP wZb| amar phone number chawy Avgvi †dvb b¤^i Pvi wZb `yB ___cuvP___ k~b¨ GK| Avgvi †dvb b¤^i AvU bq Qq Pvi cuvP___ k~b¨___ | Avgvi †dvb b¤^i Pvi ___wZb___ k~b¨ Qq bq `yB| Avgvi †dvb b¤^i bq mvZ AvU__`yB ___ Qq Pvi cuvP|

shat___car__chawy pac tin. amar phone number car tin dui___pac__shunno aek. amar phone number aT nawy chawy car pac__ shunno___. amar phone number car__tin__shunno chawy nawy dui. amar phone number nawy shat aT__dui__chawy car pac.

10. 1. My name is Awlok. I live in Thaki. I am a waitress. I have a house. My house number is 21. 2. Arif is a soldier. He lives in an apartment building. His apartment number is 25. 3. Her name is Rehana. She is a teacher. She lives in a house. Her house number is 16. 4. Munir and Aminar have a house in Comilla. Their house number is 14.

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11. A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I.

10 `k dawsh 12 evi baro 13 ‡Zi taero 24 PweŸk cobbish 5 cuvP pac 16 ‡lvj sholo 27 mvZvk shatash 18 AvVvi aTharo 29 EbwÎk unotrish

17.

mvjgvi eqm 52 eQi | Kwj ïµev‡i 11 n‡e|# Rwjj wK 30 eQi? bv, I 29| wibvi eqm 72 eQi|* bvwm‡gi eqm KZ? I 43|

salmar bawysh 52 bawchor. koli shukrobare 11 hawbe jolil ki 30 bawchor? na, o 29. rinar bawysh 72 bawchor. nasimer bawysh kawto? o 43.

End of Lesson Tasks 1. D. Hi, my name is Shohel. I am 26 years old. I am a police officer. E. His name is Palash. He is 40. He is a soldier. F. Her name is Aysha. She is 44. She is a teacher.

59

Lesson 4 Daily Activities

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

ˆ`wbK KvRKg©

doinik kajkawrmo This lesson will introduce you to: - how to ask for and tell time - typical daily activities in Bangla - the verbs “to go,” “to study,” “to play,” “to work,” “to watch,” “to read,” “to eat,” and “to get up” - the past tense of verbs.

“What time is it?” in Bangla is: “ kawy +Ta baje?” The response is “the number + Ta baje.” kawy = how much?; Ta (in time expressions) = o’clock; baje is 3rd person present of “to strike.” Example: What time is it? / kawyTa baje? It is eight o’clock. / aTTa baje. The word, baje, is also an adjective (worthless, bad). Thus, an error to avoid is: kawto baje? “How bad is it?” Common terms used to tell time: showa = a quarter past; shar-e = half past; pone = a quarter to. Example: It is a quarter past eight. / showa aTTa baje. Minutes after the hour: It’s five past eight. /aTTa beje pac. / or aTTa pac; pac = five. Minutes before the hour: It’s five to eight. / aTTa bajte pac. / or shatTa pawncanno; pawncanno = fifty-five.

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1. Listen as the speaker tells time in Bangla. Repeat after the speaker.

KqUv ev‡R? PviUv ev‡R|

KqUv ev‡R? ‡mvqv PviUv ev‡R|

What time is it? It is four o’clock. kawyTa baje? carTa baje.

What time is it? It is four-fifteen. kawyTa baje? showa carTa baje.

KqUv ev‡R? mv‡o PviUv ev‡R|

KqUv ev‡R? †cŠ‡b cuvPUv ev‡R|

What time is it? It is four-thirty. kawyTa baje? share carTa baje.

What time is it? It is four-forty-five.* kawyTa baje? pone pacTa baje.

KqUv ev‡R? wZbUv wek ev‡R|

KqUv ev‡R? wZbUv Pwj−k ev‡R|

What time is it? It is three-twenty. kawyTa baje? tinTa bish baje.

What time is it? It is three-forty. kawyTa baje? tinTa collish baje.

* 4:45 can also be expressed as carTa pawytallish. However, for “quarter to” or “past” the hour, it is more common to say “pone” or “showa” instead of using forty-five or fifteen past the hour.

2. What time is it? Fill in the clock faces with the correct times according to how they are listed in Bangla below. There is no equivalent to “a.m.” and “p.m.” in Bangla. The periods of the day are used before the time. Example: eight p.m./ rat aTTa; rat = night; eight a.m./ shawkal aTTa; shawkal = morning. 61

A.

D.

`ycyi mv‡o wZbUv

ivZ mv‡o GMviUv

dupur share tinTa

rat share egaroTa

B.

E.

mKvj ‡cŠ‡b bqUv

`yBUv evR‡Z cuvP / GKUv cÂvbœ

shawkal pone nawyTa

duiTa bajte pac / aekTa pawncanno F..

C.

QqUv †e‡R `k|

ivZ eviUv

chawyTa beje dawsh

rat baroTa G.

‡mvqv PviUv showa carTa

A.

B.

E.

C.

F.

D.

G.

3. Listen to the following exchanges and identify the clock time mentioned in each. Check the answer key. A.

8:15

-

9:00

B.

9:50

-

9:15

C.

5:10

-

8:50

D.

4:13

-

4:30

E.

7: 50

-

7:10

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4. Compose dialogues according to the model below. Work in pairs or in small groups. Use the times listed below. Model: A. - KqUv ev‡R? kawyTa baje? B. - `yBUv ev‡R| duiTa baje.

8:00 a.m.

7:15 a.m.

10:30 a.m.

2:10 p.m.

4:45 p.m.

6:50 p.m.

mKvj AvUUv

mKvj ‡mvqv mvZUv

mKvj mv‡o `kUv

ivZ `yBUv `k

weKvj †cŠ‡b cuvPUv

mܨv QqUv cÂvk

bikal pone pacTa

shondha baroTa chawyTa pawncas

shawkal shawkal shawkal rat aTTa showa share duiTa shatTa dawshTa dawsh

12:00

eviUv

11:05

GMviUv cuvP aegaroTa pac

The simple present tense expresses habitual action. Example: I live in Dhaka; I study every day. To form the simple present tense of any verb in Bangla, personal endings are added to the verb stem. Example: I live = ami thak- + i = ami thaki.

The personal endings are given below. Person 1st (ami) 2nd (apni honorific) 2nd (tumi ordinary) 3rd (ini/uni/tini honorific) 3rd (e/o/she ordinary)

Verb Stem -

Ending -i -en -o -en -e

Unlike English, the singular and plural verbs have the same form in Bangla. Example: He lives/ They live. uni thaken/ onara thaken.

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Verb stem hv- / jaI go you go s/he goes we go you go they go

Avwg hvB Avcwb hvb Zzwg hvI Dwb hvb I hvq Avgiv hvB Avcbviv hvb ‡Zvgiv hvI Ibviv hvb Iiv hvq

Verb stem co&- / pawrami jaii apni jan tumi jao

I study you study

uni jan o jai

s/he studies

amra jaii apnara jan tomra jao

we study you study

onara jan ora jai

they study

Verb stem

Avwg cwo Avcwb c‡ob Zzwg co Dwb c‡ob I c‡o Avgiv cwo Avcbviv c‡ob ‡Zvgiv co Ibviv c‡ob Iiv c‡o

ami pori apni pawren tumi pawro uni pawren o pawre amra pori apnara pawren tomra pawro onara pawren ora pawre

Verb stem ‡`L&-/ daekh-

KvR Ki- / kaj kawr-* I work you work

Avwg KvR Kwi Avcwb KvR K‡ib Zzwg KvR Ki

s/he works

Dwb KvR K‡ib I KvR K‡i

we work you work

Avgiv KvR Kwi Avcbviv KvR K‡ib ‡Zvgiv KvR Ki

they work

Ibviv KvR K‡ib Iiv KvR K‡i

ami kaj kori apni kaj kawren tumi kaj kawro. uni kaj kawren o kaj kawre amra kaj kori apnara kaj kawren tomra kaj kawro onara kaj kawren ora kaj kawre

I watch you watch

Avwg ‡`wL Avcwb ‡`‡Lb Zzwg ‡`L

ami dekhi apni daekhen tumi daekho

s/he watches

Dwb ‡`‡Lb I ‡`‡L

uni daekhen o daekhe

we watch you watch

Avgiv ‡`wL Avcbviv ‡`‡Lb ‡Zvgiv ‡`L

amra dekhi apnara daekhen tomra daekho

they watch

Ibviv ‡`‡Lb Iiv ‡`‡L

onara daekhen ora daekhe

Verb stem Lv- / khaI eat you eat s/he eats

Avwg LvB Avcwb Lvb Zzwg LvI Dwb Lvb I Lvq

Verb stem co&- pawrami khaii apni khan tumi khao

I read you read

uni khan o khai

s/he reads

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Avwg cwo Avcwb c‡ob Zzwg co Dwb c‡ob I c‡o

ami pori apni pawren tumi pawro uni pawren o pawre

we eat you eat they eat

Avgiv LvB Avcbviv Lvb ‡Zvgiv LvI Ibviv Lvb Iiv Lvq

amra khaii apnara khan tomra khao

we read you read

onara khan ora khai

they read

Verb stem ‡Lj&- / khael-

Avwg ‡Lwj Avcwb ‡L‡jb Zzwg ‡Lj s/he plays Dwb ‡L‡jb I ‡L‡j we play Avgiv ‡Lwj you play Avcbviv ‡L‡jb ‡Zvgiv ‡Lj they play Ibviv ‡L‡jb Iiv ‡L‡j I play you play

Avgiv cwo Avcbviv c‡ob ‡Zvgiv co Ibviv c‡ob Iiv c‡o

amra pori apnara pawren tomra pawro onara pawren ora pawre

Verb stem IV- / oThami kheli apni khaelen tumi khaelo

Avwg DwV Avcwb D‡Vb Zzwg DV s/he gets Dwb D‡Vb up I D‡V we get up Avgiv DwV you get up Avcbviv D‡Vb ‡Zvgiv DV they get up Ibviv D‡Vb Iiv D‡V I get up you get up

uni khaelen o khaele amra kheli apnara khaelen tomra khaelo onara khaelen ora khaele

ami uThi apni uThen tumi uTho uni uThen o uThe amra uThi apnara uThen tomra uTho onara uThen ora uThe

* The verb “work” is translated as “do work,” and only “do” is conjugated.

5. Listen to the short statements that describe each activity in the pictures below. Repeat after the speaker. Pay attention to new verbs and other new vocabulary.

Iiv ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j|

Dwb evRv‡i hvb|

They play basketball. ora basketball khaele

She goes to the market. uni bajare jan

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Iiv ¯‹z‡j c‡o|

Dwb nvmcvZv‡j KvR K‡ib|

They study at school. ora schoole pawre

She works in the hospital. uni hashpatale kaj kawren

I dzUej †L‡j|

‡g‡qUv `ycy‡i Lvq|

He plays soccer. o football khaele

The girl eats lunch. meyTa dupure khai

‡jvKUv eB c‡ob|

gwnjvUv wU.wf..†`‡Lb|

The man reads a book. lokTa boi pawren

The woman watches television. mohilaTa T.V. daekhen

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6. Listen to the following statements in Bangla and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. Replay the audio if necessary. With the exception of “bina”/ without, Bangla has no prepositions, but has post-positions only. Example: “for you” = “apnar jonno,” where for = jonno. “To,” “at,” “in,” and “on” are equivalent to, “e” or “te”, and are added to a word depending on how the word ends. Example: I live in Dhaka./ ami Dhaka + e thaki./ ami Dhakai thaki. I live in a house./ ami bari + te thaki. / ami barite thaki.

A. The boy goes to school at 7:30.

‡Q‡jUv 7:30 Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvq|

cheleTa 7:30 Tai schoole jai

B. The man eats breakfast at seven o’clock.

‡jvKUv mv‡o mvZUvq bv¯Ív Lvb|

lokTa share shatTai nasta khan

C. The woman watches television in the evening.

gwnjvUv mܨvq wU.wf..†`‡Lb| mohilaTa shondhai T.V.

D. The girl studies at home in the afternoon.

‡g‡qUv `ycy‡i evwo‡Z c‡o|

meyTa dupure barite pawre

E. Geeti goes to the market in the morning.

MxwZ mKv‡j evRv‡i hvq|

geeti shawkale bajare jai.

F. Ganesh plays soccer on Friday.

M‡bk ïµev‡i dzUej †L‡j|

gawnesh shukrobare football khaele.

G. I get up at 7:00.

Avwg 7:00 Uvq DwV|

ami 7:00 Tai uThi.

daekhen

7. Match the following sentences with the pictures below. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. Avwg 9:30 Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvB| ami 9:30 Tai schoole jaii. 2. Ibviv mvZUvq bv¯Ív Lvb| onara shatTai nasta khan. 3. Avgiv mKv‡j cwo| amra shawkale pori. 4. ‡g‡qUv mܨvq eB c‡o| meyTa shondhai boi pawre. 67

#. ______________________

#. _______________________

#. ___________________________

#. ____________________

8. Read the following text and answer the questions. Check your answer with the answer key.

gywbi GKRb QvÎ| I* ¯‹z‡j c‡o| I †ivR 7:15 Uvq D‡V| I 7:30Uvq bv¯Ív Lvq| I 8:00Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvq| ¯‹z‡ji c‡i I ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j| I mܨvq eB c‡o Avi wU.wf. †`‡L| gywbi ïµev‡i Avi kwbev‡i c‡o bv| munir aekjon chatro. o schoole pawre. o roj 7:15Tai uThe. o 7:30Tai nasta khai. o 8:00Tai schoole jai. schooler pawre o basketball khaele. o shondhai boi pawre ar T.V. daekhe. munir shukrobare are shonibare pawre na.

gywbi wK GKRb wk¶K? I †Kv_vq c‡o? I KLb D‡V? I KLb bv¯Ív Lvq? I KLb ¯‹z‡j hvq? I KLb ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j? I mܨvq Kx K‡i? gywbi wK ïµev‡i Avi kwbev‡i c‡o?

o munir ki aekjon shikkhawk? o kothai pawre? o kawkhon uThe? o kawkhon nasta khai? o kawkhon schoole jai? o kawkhon basketball khaele? o shondhai ki kawre? munir ki shukrobare ar shonibare pawre?

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1. Is Munir a teacher? 2. Where does he study? 3. When does he get up? 4. When does he have breakfast? 5. When does he go to school? 6. When does he play basketball? 7. What does he do in the evening? 8. Does he study on Saturday and Sunday?

9. Rearrange the following statements into a logical order for a daily schedule. Check your answer with the answer key.

Avwg Avgvi eÜz‡`i mv‡_ `ycy‡i* LvB| Avwg wU.wf. †`wL| Avwg ¯‹z‡j hvB| Avwg eÜz‡`i mv‡_ iv‡Z* LvB| Avwg ev‡¯‹Uej †Lwj| Avwg bv¯Ív LvB| Avwg evwo‡Z cwo|

ami amar bondhuder shathe dupure khaii. ami T.V. dekhi. ami schoole jaii. ami bondhuder shathe rate khaii. ami basketball kheli. ami nasta khaii. ami barite pori.

* There are no words equivalent to “lunch” or “dinner” in Bangla. These meals are indicated by the period of the day: afternoon (dupur) and night (rat). However, breakfast (nasta) means snacks and is used for breakfast as well as for snacks.

10. Tell your partner about your daily schedule. Use the words and word combinations given below.

‡ivR

IV-

bv¯Ív Lv-

Kv‡R hv-

`ycy‡i Lv-

roj

oTh-

nasta kha-

kaje ja-

dupure kha-

ev‡¯‹Uej †Lj-

evRv‡i hv-

eB co-

mܨvq wU.wf. †`L-

basketball khael-

bajare ja-

boi pawr-

shondhai T.V. daekh-

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11. Listen to the five short statements. Circle the English statement that is the equivalent of each Bangla statement you hear. Replay the audio as many times as you need to. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. I play soccer after school. B. I play soccer after dinner. C. I play soccer after work. 2. A. She goes to the market in the evening. B. She goes to the market in the afternoon. C. She goes to the market in the morning. 3. A. I go to work in the morning. B. I go to school in the morning. C. I go to the market in the morning. 4. A. I study at home on Saturday. B. I play soccer at home on Saturday. C. I eat breakfast at home on Saturday. 5. A. He watches television in the afternoon. B. He watches television in the evening. C. He watches television in the morning.

#iv‡Z LvIqvi ci / rate khawar pawr = “after eating at night”; Lv- + Iqv = LvIqv / kha- + (w) a = khawa, makes the verb, “eat”, a noun, “eating”. In general, verbal nouns are formed by adding an “a” to the verb stem. # Please note that ci /pawr (“after”) is spelled with a different “r” than co-/ pawr (“study/ read”).

The simple past tense expresses action which has taken place in the immediate past. To form the simple past, -l- is added to the high stem of most verb stems followed by the personal endings. The verb stems which have -a- do not change. Example: I played = ami khael>khel- +l+am = ami khellam I lived = ami + thak-+ l+am = ami thaklam

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The personal endings are given below: Person

Verb Stem

1st (ami) 2nd (apni honorific) 2nd (tumi ordinary) 3rd (uni honorific) 3rd (o ordinary)

Sign of Past

-

l l l l l

Verb stem* hv- / jaI went you went s/he went we went you went they went

Ending -am -en -e -en -o

Verb stem+ co&- /pawr-

Avwg ‡Mjvg Avcwb ‡M‡jb Zzwg ‡M‡j Dwb ‡M‡jb I ‡Mj Avgiv ‡Mjvg

ami gaelam apni gaelen tumi gaele

amra gaelam

Avwg cojvg Avcwb co‡jb Zzwg co‡j s/he Dwb co‡jb studied I coj we studied Avgiv cojvg

Avcbviv ‡M‡jb ‡Zvgiv ‡M‡j Ibviv ‡M‡jb Iiv ‡Mj

apnara gaelen tomra gaele

you studied

onara gaelen ora gaelo

they studied

uni gaelen o gaelo

I studied you studied

Verb stem-#

Avcbviv co‡jb ‡Zvgiv co‡j Ibviv co‡jb Iiv coj

ami porlam apni porlen tumi porle uni porlen o porlo amra porlam apnara porlen tomra porle onara porlen ora porlo

Verb stem ‡`L&- daekh-

KvR Ki- / kaj kawrI worked

Avwg KvR Kijvg ami kaj

you worked

Avcwb KvR Ki‡jb Zzwg KvR Ki‡j Dwb KvR Ki‡jb I KvR Kij Avgiv KvR Kijvg Avcbviv KvR Ki‡jb ‡Zvgiv KvR

s/he worked we worked you worked

I watched

Avwg ‡`Ljvg

ami dekhlam

korlam apni kaj korlen tumi kaj korle

you watched

Avcwb ‡`L‡jb Zzwg ‡`L‡j

apni dekhlen tumi dekhle

uni kaj korlen o kaj korlo

s/he watched

uni dekhlen o dekhlo

amra kaj korlam

we watched

Dwb ‡`L‡jb I ‡`Lj Avgiv ‡`Ljvg

apnara kaj korlen tomra kaj korle

you watched

Avcbviv ‡`L‡jb ‡Zvgiv ‡`L‡j

apnara dekhlen tomra dekhle

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amra dekhlam

they worked

Ki‡j Ibviv KvR Ki‡jb Iiv KvR Kij

onara kaj korlen ora kaj korlo

they watched

Verb stem Lv- / khaI ate you ate s/he ate we ate you ate they ate

Avwg ‡Ljvg Avcwb ‡L‡jb Zzwg ‡L‡j Dwb ‡L‡jb I ‡Lj Avgiv ‡Ljvg

ami khelam apni khelen tumi khele

I read you read

uni khelen o khelo

s/he read

amra khelam

we read

Avcbviv ‡L‡jb ‡Zvgiv ‡L‡j Ibviv ‡L‡jb Iiv ‡Lj

apnara khelen tomra khele

you read

onara khelen ora khelo

they read

s/he played we played you played they played

Avwg ‡Ljjvg Avcwb ‡Lj‡jb Zzwg ‡Lj‡j Dwb ‡Lj‡jb I ‡Ljj Avgiv ‡Ljjvg Avcbviv ‡Lj‡jb ‡Zvgiv ‡Lj‡j Ibviv ‡Lj‡jb Iiv ‡Ljj

onara dekhlen ora dekhlo

Verb stem+ co&- pawr-

Verb stem ‡Lj&- / khaelI played you played

Ibviv ‡`L‡jb Iiv ‡`Lj

Avwg cojvg Avcwb co‡jb Zzwg co‡j Dwb co‡jb I coj Avgiv cojvg

ami porlam apni porlen tumi porle

Avcbviv co‡jb ‡Zvgiv co‡j Ibviv co‡jb Iiv coj

apnara porlen tomra porle

uni porlen o porlo amra porlam

onara porlen ora porlo

Verb stem IV- / oThami khellam apni khellen tumi khelle

I got up Avwg DVjvg you got up Avcwb DV‡jb

Zzwg DV‡j uni khellen s/he got Dwb DV‡jb o khello up I DVj amra khellam we got up Avgiv DVjvg apnara khellen you got up Avcbviv DV‡jb tomra khelle ‡Zvgiv DV‡j onara khellen they got Ibviv DV‡jb ora khello up Iiv DVj

ami uThlam apni uThle. tumi uThle uni uThlen o uThlo amra uThlam apnara uThlen tomra uThle onara uThlen ora uThlo

*Like the English “go,” hv- / ja- is an irregular verb. +co&- pawr- is both “study” and “read” in Bangla. # The verb “work” is translated as “do work” in Bangla, and only “do” is conjugated.

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12. Read the following sentences and translate them into English. Check your work with the answer key.

MZKvj Avwg ¯‹z‡j †Mjvg| MZeQi Avgvi eÜziv Avi Avwg ev‡¯‹Uej †Ljjvg|* MZ mßv‡n Ibviv †`vKv‡b ‡M‡jb| MZKvj Avwg 6:00Uvq evwo‡Z wQjvg| MZKvj Avgiv ivZ 9:00Uvq †Ljvg| MZeQi †Q‡jUv ¯‹z‡j BwZnvm Avi AsK coj|*

gawtokal ami schoole gaelam. gawtobawchor amar bondhura ar ami basketball khellam. gawto shaptahe onara dokane gaelen. gawtokal ami 6:00Tai barite chilam. gawtokal amra rat 9:00Tai khelam.

MZKvj †g‡qUv wU.wf †`Lj| MZ iweevi Avwg GKUv eB cojvg| MZeQi Avwg c¨vwi‡m wQjvg|* `yB eQi Av‡M Avgv‡`i wPUvMs-G GKUv evwo wQj|*

gawtobawchor cheleTa schoole itihas ar awnko porlo. gawtokal meyTa T.V. dekhlo. gawto robibar ami aekTa boi porlam. gawtobawchor ami parise chilam. dui bawchor age amader citagawng-e aekTa bari chilo.

When the time referred to is last year or a year ago, the verb tense should be in the past perfect. The simple past refers to the immediate past. Since no misunderstanding will occur if the simple past is used with last year and a year ago, these sentences are included in the lesson. However, the verb “to be” exists in the simple past but not in the past perfect tense. Therefore, chilam (“was/ had”) should be used, where the simple past tense stem of verb “be”, “ach-”, is “chi-”. Example: I was: ami chi+l+am. yesterday – MZKvj - gawtokal last year /week /Sunday –MZeQi/ MZ mßvn/ MZ iweevi – gawtobawchor/ gawto shapataho/ gawto robibar a year ago – GK eQi Av‡M – aek bawchor age

13. Complete the following sentences using the verbs located in the box below. Check your answers with the answer key.

cojvg

†Ljjvg

wQjvg

porlam

khellam chilam

†`Ljvg

DVjvg

†Mjvg

dekhlam

uThlam

gaelam

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KvR kaj

Kijvg korlam

†Ljvg khelam

1. Avwg MZKvj mvZUvq _______________| ami gawtokal shatTai ______________ . 2.

Avwg Avgvi gv evevi mv‡_ bv¯Ív _______________ | ami amar mababar shathe ______________ . 3.

Avwg MZ iwevi ‡`vKv‡b _______________ | ami gawto robibar dokane ______________ . 4.

Avwg MZ †mvgevi ev‡¯‹Uej _______________ | ami gawto shombar basketball ______________ . 5.

Avwg MZKvj wU. wf. ________________ | ami gawtokal T.V. ______________ . 6.

Avwg MZeQi ‡nv‡U‡j ________________ | ami gawtobawchor hotele ________________ | 7.

Avwg MZKvj jvB‡eªix‡Z ________________ | ami gawtokal libraryte ______________ . 8.

Avwg MZmßv‡n gqgbwms‡n ________________ | ami gawto shawptahe mawymonshinghe ______________ .

14. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Make up similar dialogues using the words and word combinations given below. Work in pairs or in small groups. A. Avcwb MZKvj Kx Ki‡jb? apni gawtokal ki korlen? B. Avwg MZKvj wU.wf. †`Ljvg| ami gawtokal T.V. dekhlam. A. MZKvj KZ¶Y wU.wf. †`L‡jb? gawtokal kawtokkhon T.V. dekhlen? B. GK NÈv| aek ghawnTa.

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15. Make up similar dialogues using the words and word combinations given below. Work in pairs or in small groups.

MZKvj- wU.wf.- †`L- - GK NÈv MZKvj - †`vKv‡b hv- -`yB NÈv MZeQi - †nv‡U‡j KvR Ki- - 4 mßvn MZeQi - ¯‹z‡j co- - 8 mßvn MZ iweevi - eB co- - GK NÈv GK eQi Av‡M- ev‡¯‹Uej †Lj- - 6 mßvn GK eQi Av‡M- evsjv‡`‡k wQ- - 2 mßvn

gawtokal- T.V. – daekh- - aek ghawnTa gawtokal – dokane ja- -dui ghawnTa gawtobawchor – hotele kaj kawr- - 4 shawptaho gawtobawchor – schoole pawr—8 shawptaho gawto robibar – boi pawr- - aek ghawnTta aek bawchor age – basketball khael- - 6 shaptaho aek bawchor age – bangladesh chi- -2 shahptaho

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the following statements read in Bangla. Circle the times you hear. 1.

6:30

-

5:30

2.

6:00

-

7:00

3.

9:30

-

8:30

4.

5:30

-

5:45

5.

in the morning - in the evening

6.

6:00

-

8:00

2. Listen to and read the following text in Bangla. Put T (True) or F (False) next to the statements that are written under the text. Check your answer with the answer key.

Avm&mvjvgyqvjvBKzg| Avgvi bvg ivnvZ| Avwg h‡kv‡i _vwK| Avgvi GKUv †QvU evwo Av‡Q| Avwg GB ¯‹z‡ji wk¶K| Avwg A¼ Avi BwZnvm covB| Avwg †ivR mKvj 6:00 Uvq DwV| Avwg bv¯Ív LvB Avi ¯‹z‡j hvB| Avwg mKvj 8:00 Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvB| g½jev‡i Avi ïµev‡i Avwg 2 NÈv dzUej †Lwj| ¯‹z‡ji c‡i evRv‡i hvB| 5:00 Uvi g‡a¨ evvwo‡Z hvB| mܨvq GK NÈv wU.wf †`wL Avi 2 NÈv eB cwo| assalamualaikum. amar nam rahat. ami jawshore thaki. amar aekTa choTo bari ache. ami ei schooler shikkhawk. ami awnko ar itihas pawraii. ami roj shawkal 6:00Tai uThi. ami nasta khaii ar schoole jaii. ami shawkal 8:00Tai schoole jaii. mongolbare ar shukrobare ami 2 ghawnTa football kheli. schooler pawre bajare jaii. 5:00Tar moddhe barite jai. shondhai aek ghawnta T.V. ar 2 ghawnTa boi pori. 1. _______ The man lives in Jessore. 2 ________He lives in small house. 3. _______ He is a student. 4. _______ He studies math and music. 5. _______ Every day he gets up at 6:00 a.m. 6. _______ He does not have breakfast. 7. _______He is at school at 8:00. 8. _______Rahat plays soccer on Saturday and Monday for 3 hours. 9. _______He goes shopping after work. 10. ______In the evening he works for 2 hours

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3. Describe your daily schedule of activities, including the times in Bangla. For example, start with what time you get up, then eat breakfast, etc. “I get up at 6:00 and eat breakfast at 6:30. I go to school at …..” 4. Find out what your partner did yesterday at 7:00 a.m., 7:30 a.m., 10:00 a.m., 1:00 p.m., 4:00 p.m., and 8:00 p.m., and how long each activity lasted. Work in pairs or in small groups.

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Vocabulary List After In the morning In the afternoon In the evening Every day Yesterday Last week A year ago Last Sunday (Monday, Tuesday, etc.)

pawre shawkale dupure shondhai roj gawtokal gawtoshaptaho aek bawchor age gawto robibar (gawto shombar, gawto mongolbar, probhriti)

At school Math Music Book Breakfast Lunch Dinner Home* At home* Market On Sunday (Monday, Tuesday, etc.) go (verb stem) go (verb stem) shopping play (verb stem) soccer/basketball watch(verb stem) television eat (verb stem) breakfast (lunch, dinner)#

schoole awnko shongit boi nasta dupurer khawa rater khawa bari barite bajare robibare (shombare, mongolbare, probhriti) jadokane jafootball/ basketball khaelT.V. daekhkhanasta khabhat kha-

get up/wake up (verb stem) read (verb stem) study (verb stem) work (verb stem) What time is it? It is three o’clock. When Man/ gentleman

oThpawrpawrkaj kawrkawyTa baje? tinTa baje kawkhon lok/bhawdrolok

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c‡i mKv‡j `ycy‡i mܨvq ‡ivR MZKvj MZmßvn GK eQi Av‡M MZ iweevi (MZ †mvgevi, MZ g½jevi, cÖf„wZ) ¯‹z‡j A¼ m½xZ eB bv¯Ív `ycy‡ii LvIqv iv‡Zi LvIqv evwo evwo‡Z evRv‡i iweev‡i (†mvgev‡i, g½jev‡i, cÖf„wZ hv‡`vKv‡b hvdzUej/ ev‡¯‹Uej †LjwU.wf.†`LLvbv¯Ív LvfvZ LvIVcocoKvR KiKqUv ev‡R? wZbUv ev‡R| KLb ‡jvK/ f`ª‡jvK

Woman / gentlewoman Boy Girl

mohila/bhawdromohila chele mey ( as in May)

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gwnjv/ f`ªgwnjv ‡Q‡j ‡g‡q

Answer Key 3. A. What time is it? It is 8:15 a.m.

KqUv ev‡R? ‡mvqv AvUUv ev‡R| kawyTa baje? showa aTTa baje. B. What time is it? It’s 9:50.

KqUv ev‡R? bqUv cÂvk ev‡R|/ `kUv evR‡Z `k ev‡R| kawyTa baje? nawyTa pawncas baje. / dawshTa bajte dawsh baje. C. What time is it? It is 5:10.

KqUv ev‡R? cuvPUv `k ev‡R| kawyTa baje? pacTa dawsh baje. D. What time is it? It is 4:30 p.m.

KqUv ev‡R? mv‡o PviUv ev‡R| kawyTa baje? share carTa baje. E. What time is it? It is 7:10.

KqUv ev‡R? mvZUv `k ev‡R| kawyTa baje? shatTa dawsh baje. 7. 1. Avwg 9:30 Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvB| ami 9:30 Tai schoole jaii. 2. Ibviv mvZUvq bv¯Ív Lvb| onara shatTai nasta khan. 3. Avgiv mKv‡j cwo| amra shawkale pori. 4. ‡g‡qUv mܨvq eB c‡o| meyTa shondhai boi pawre.

#3 Avgiv mKv‡j cwo| #3 amra shawkale pori.

#1 Avwg 9:30 Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvB| #1 ami 9:30 tai schoole jai.

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#2 Ibviv mvZUvq bv¯Ív Lvb| #2 onara shatTai nasta khan.

#4 ‡g‡qUv mܨvq eB c‡o| #4 meyta shondhai boi pawre.

8. Munir is a student. He studies at school. Everyday he gets up at 7:15. He has breakfast at 7:30. He goes to school at 8:00. After school he plays basketball. He reads books and watches TV in the evening. Munir does not study on Friday and Saturday.

gywbi GKRb QvÎ| I* ¯‹z‡j c‡o| I †ivR 7:15 Uvq D‡V| I 7:30Uvq bv¯Ív Lvq| I 8:00Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvq| ¯‹z‡ji c‡i I ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j| I mܨvq eB c‡o Avi wU.wf. †`‡L| gywbi ïµev‡i Avi kwbev‡i c‡o bv| munir aekjon chatro. o schoole pawre. o roj 7:15 Tai uThe. o 7:30 Tai nasta khai. o 8:00Tai schoole jai. schooler pawre o basketball khaele. o shondhai boi pawre ar T.V. daekhe. munir shukrobare are shonibare pawre na. o munir ki aekjon shikkhawk? gywbi wK GKRb wk¶K? o kothai pawre? I †Kv_vq c‡o? o kawkhon uThe? I KLb D‡V? o kawkhon nasta khai? I KLb bv¯Ív Lvq? o kawkhon schoole jai? I KLb ¯‹z‡j hvq? o kawkhon basketball khaele? I KLb ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j? o shondhai ki kawre? I mܨvq Kx K‡i? munir ki shukrobare ar shonibare pawre? gywbi wK ïµev‡i Avi kwbev‡i c‡o? * Since Munir is a student in school 3rd person ordinary is being used. 1. Is Munir a teacher? 2. Where does he study? 3. When does he get up? 4. When does he have breakfast? 5. When does he go to school? 6. When does he play basketball? 7. What does he do in the evening? 8. Does he study on Saturday and Sunday? 81

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

bv, gywbi GKRb QvÎ| na, munir aekjon chatro. o schoole pawre. I ¯‹z‡j c‡o| o shatTai uThe. I mvZUvq D‡V| I mv‡o mvZUvq bv¯Ív Lvq| o share shatTai nasta khai. o atTai schoole jai. I AvUUvq ¯‹z‡j hvq| I ¯‹z‡jb c‡i ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j| o schooler pawre basketball khaele. o shondhai boi pawre. I mܨvq eB c‡o| bv, gywbi ïµev‡i Avi kwbev‡i c‡o bv| na, munir shukrobare ar shonibare pawrena.

9. Your order may vary slightly but did you understand the statements? 1. I go to lunch with my friends.4 2. I watch television. 5 3. I go to school.2 4. I eat dinner with my friends.6 5. I play basketball.3 6. I eat breakfast.1 7. I study at home.7

Avwg bv¯Ív LvB| Avwg ¯‹z‡j hvB| Avwg ev‡¯‹Uej †Lwj| Avwg Avgvi eÜz‡`i mv‡_ `ycy‡i* LvB| Avwg wU.wf. †`wL| Avwg eÜz‡`i mv‡_ iv‡Z* LvB| Avwg evwo‡Z cwo|

ami nasta khaii. ami schoole jaii. ami basketball kheli. ami amar bondhuder shathe dupure khaii. ami T.V. dekhi. ami bondhuder shathe rate khaii. ami barite pori.

11. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

I play soccer after dinner. She goes to the market in the morning. I go to work in the morning. I play soccer at home on Saturday. He watches television in the afternoon.

Avwg iv‡Z LvIqvi ci* dzUej †Lwj| Dwb mKv‡j evRv‡i hvb| Avwg mKv‡j Kv‡R hvB| Avwg kwbevi mKv‡j evmvq dzUej †Lwj| Dwb `ycy‡i wU.wf. †`‡Lb|

ami rate khawar pawr football kheli. uni shawkale bajare jan. ami shawkale kaje jaii. ami shonibar shawkale bashai football kheli. uni dupure T.V. daekhen.

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12. 1. Yesterday I went to school. 2. Last year my friends and I played basketball. 3. They went shopping last week. 4. I was at home at 6:00 yesterday. 5. We ate dinner at 9:00 yesterday. 6. The boy studied music and math at school last year. 7. The girl watched television yesterday. 8. Last Sunday I read a book. 9. I was in Paris a year ago. 10. We had a house in Chittagong two years ago. 13. 1. I ______got up____ at 7:00 yesterday. Avwg MZKvj mvZUvq __DVjvg_____________| ami gawtokal shatTai ___uThlam___________ . 2. I ______ate__________ breakfast with my parents. Avwg Avgvi gv evevi mv‡_ bv¯Ív ______‡Ljvg_________ | ami amar mababar shathe nasta ____khelam__________ . 3. I _____went_______ shopping last Sunday. Avwg MZ iwevi ‡`vKv‡b _______‡Mjvg ________ | ami gawto robibar dokane ____gaelam__________ . 4. I _____played___________ basketball last Monday. Avwg MZ †mvgevi ev‡¯‹Uej ____‡Ljjvg ___________ | ami gawto shombar basketball ___khellam___________ . 5. I ______watched__________ television yesterday. Avwg MZKvj wU. wf. ___‡`Ljvg _____________ | ami gawtokal T.V. _____dekhlam_________ . 6. I _____was___________ at the hotel last year. Avwg MZeQi ‡nv‡U‡j _____ wQjvg ___________ | ami gawtobawchor hotele _____chilam___________ | 7. I ____studied____________ at the library yesterday. Avwg MZKvj jvB‡eªix‡Z ___ cojvg _____________ | ami gawtokal libraryte _____porlam_________ . 8. I ______worked__________ in Mymensingh last week. Avwg MZmßv‡n gqgbwms‡n ____ KvR Kijvg ____________ | ami gawto shawptahe mawymonshinghe ____kaj korlam__________ .

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End of Lesson Tasks 1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

We eat breakfast at 6:30. I go to school at 7:00. You go to work at 9:30 He plays soccer at 5:45. They went to the market in the morning.

6. They watched television at 8:00.

Avgiv 6:30Uvq bv¯Ív LvB| Avwg 7:00 Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvB| Avcwb 9:30Uvq Kv‡R hvb| Dwb 5:45 G dzUej †L‡jb| Ibviv mKv‡j evRv‡i ‡M‡jb|

amra 6:30Tai nasta khaii. ami 7:00Tai schoole jaii. apni 9:30Tai kaje jan. uni 5:45 e football khaelen. onara shawkale bajare gaelen.

Ibviv 8:00Uvq wU.wf †`L†jb|

onara 8:00Tai T.V. dekhlen.

2. Greetings. My name is Rahat. I live in Jessore. I have a small house. I am a teacher at this school. I teach math and music. Everyday I get up at 6:00 a.m. I eat breakfast and go to school. I am at school at 8:00 a.m. On Tuesday and Thursday I play soccer for 2 hours. After school, I go shopping. I am home at 5:00. In the evening I watch TV for an hour and read books for 2 hours. 1. ___T___ Thee man lives in Jessore. 2 ___T___ He lives in small house. 3. ___F___ He is a student. 4. ___F___ He studies math and music. 5. ___T___ Everyday he gets up at 6:00 a.m. 6. ___F___ He does not have breakfast. 7. ___T___ He is at school at 8:00. 8. ___F___ Rahat plays soccer on Saturday and Monday for 3 hours. 9. ___T___ He goes shopping after work. 10___F___ In the evening he works for 2 hours.

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Lesson 5 Meeting the Family

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

cwiev‡ii mv‡_ ‡`Lv Kiv poribarer shathe daekha kawra

This lesson will introduce you to: - The kinship terms used for immediate and extended family; - How to ask and answer simple questions about family members; - The pronouns “who,” “this,” “that,” “these,” and “those.”

The family structure in Bangladesh is patriarchal. Two to three generations live together and the bride usually moves to the groom’s house after marriage. However, with increasing urbanization, the family structure has changed in Dhaka, Chittagong, and other larger towns, where single families can now be seen in small houses or apartments. In the cities an average family has two to three children, but families with more than three, four or more children are quite prevalent in the rural areas.

1. Look at these photos of families. Listen to the kinship terms and repeat after the speaker.

The different terms for relatives on the mother’s side and on the father’s side are given below:

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Mother’s sister Mother’s brother Grandmother

Mother’s Side Spouse khala khalu mama mami nani nana

Father’s Side Spouse phupa phupu caci caca dadi dada

Father’s sister Father’s brother Grandfather

The terms above are used to address the relatives by either adding them as suffixes to their first names or attaching them to their rank, based on their age, in the family. Example: 1) name + khala = anika khala; munir khalu; 2) “bawro khala” = “the oldest maternal aunt”; “choto caca” = “the youngest paternal uncle.” The relationship with the cousins is referred to as follows: e.g., mother’s sister’s son = khala +to bhai = “khalato bhai”; father’s brother’s daughter = caca +to bon = “cacato bon.” An older male cousin is addressed as: Awlok bhai; a female cousin as: Amina apa. The terminology is different for Hindus. Family Parents Mother* Father* Children Daughter/daughters Son/sons Grandparents Grandfather Grandmother Sister/sisters Sister* Brother/brothers* Maternal Aunt-Uncle Paternal Aunt-Uncle

cwievi gv-evev gv/ Av¤§v evev/ AveŸv ‡Q‡j‡g‡q ‡g‡q/†g‡qiv ‡Q‡j/†Q‡jiv `v`v-`v`x bvbv-bvbx `v`v- bvbv `v`x- bvbx ‡evb/ †evbiv Avcv fvB/ fvBiv Lvjv- Lvjy gvgv-gvgx dzcy-dzcv PvPx-PvPv

poribar ma-baba ma/ amma baba/ abba chelemey mey/ meyra chele/ chelera dada-dadi nana-nani dada- nana dadi-nani bon/ bonra apa bhai/ bhaira khala- khalu mama- mami phupu- phupa caci-caca

* Although “parents” are usually referred to as “ma-baba”, “abba-amma” is also used for reference by Muslims. While Hindus address the mother and the father as “ma” and “baba” separately, Muslims address them as "amma" and “abba.” In the case of siblings, Hindus address older sisters and brothers as “didi” and "dada" respectively, and Muslims use "apa" and "bhai." The term for referring to brothers in general and addressing an older brother is, thus, the same for Muslims.

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The pronouns “who,” “this,” “these,” “that,” and “those” are as follows in Bangla. “who”= “ke?” (singular)/ “kara (plural) “this/ these” = Bwb/ Gbviv ; ini/ enara (proximate 3rd person) “that/ those” = Dwb/ Ibviv; uni/ onara (distant 3rd person)

2. Listen to the following dialogues and repeat them after the speaker. Role-play the dialogues using the pictures above. 1. A. B. 2. A. B. 3. A. B.

Who is this? This is my mother. Who is that? That is my sister. Who are these? These are my parents. 4. A. Who are those? B. Those are my grandparents.

ini ke? ini amar ma. uni ke? uni amar bon. enara kara? enara amar ma-baba.

Bwb †K? Bwb Avgvi gv| Dwb ‡K? Dwb Avgvi †evb| Gbviv Kviv? Gbviv Avgvi gv-evev|

onara kara? onara amar dada-dadi/ nana-nani

Ibviv Kviv? Ibviv Avgvi `v`v-`v`x/ bvbv-bvbx|

3. Read and translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the answer key. amar ma ar babar aekta chele ar duiTa mey 1. Avgvi gv Avi evevi GKUv †Q‡j Avi `yBUv ache. †g‡q Av‡Q|

2. Avwg Avgvi `v`v `v`xi mv‡_ GKUv eo evwo‡Z _vwK| 3. Ibvi gvevev †bvqvLvwj‡Z _v‡Kb| Ibviv kªwgK|

ami amar dada dadir shathe aekTa bawro barite thaki.

4. Avgvi `yRb fvB Av‡Q| Iiv* ‰mwbK| Iiv wgwjUvwi K¨v‡¤ú _v‡K|

amar dujon bhai ache. ora shoinik. ora military campe thake.

5. Ibvi GKUv †evb Av‡Q| Ibvi bvg bxjv|

onar aekta bon ache. onar nam nila.

6. Avgvi fvB 30 eQi| Ii GKUv †Q‡j Avi GKUv †g‡q Av‡Q|

amar bhai 30 bawchor. or aekTa chele ar aekTa mey ache.

onar mababa noakhalite thake. onara sromik.

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*Assuming the brothers are not much older than the speaker, the 2nd person ordinary is used. If the speaker explicitly said, “my older brother,” then the 3rd person honorific could be used.

4. Tell about your mother/ father/ sister/ grandfather/grandmother/sister/brother according to the scheme below: 1. name 2. age 3. occupation 4. living place (city and type of residence).

Bwb Avgvi evev| Gbvi bvg KvRx BKevj| Dwb 48 eQi| Dwb GKRb wk¶K| Dwb Kzwgj−vq _v‡Kb| Ibvi GKUv †QvU evwo Av‡Q| ini amar baba. enar nam kazi iqbal. uni 48 bawchor. uni aekjon shikkhawk. uni kumillai thaken. onar aekta choTo bari ache.

5. Reproduce the questions in Bangla to the following answers. Check your work with the answer key.

1. nu¨v, Bwb Avgvi fvB|

hae, ini amar bhai.

2. Ibvi bvg Kwei|

onar nam kobir.

3. Dwb iscy‡i _v‡Kb|

uni rawngpure thaken.

4. Dwb GKRb Wv³vi|

uni aekjon DakTar.

5. Dwb †mvgev‡i Kv‡R hvb|

uni shombare kaje jan.

6. bv, Dwb g½jev‡i nwK †L‡jb|

na, uni mongolbare hockey khaelen.

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6. Listen to the audio. Circle the word you hear. Check your work with the answer key.

1. mother

-

father

2. daughter

-

son

3. family

-

parents

4. children

-

grandparents

5. sister

-

brother

6. grandmother -

grandfather

7. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. Husband Wife Married Unmarried

¯^vgx ¯¿x weevwnZ AweevwnZ

shami stri bibahito awbibahito

8. Fill in the blanks using the words written in the boxes below. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. ‡Q‡j chele

5 eQi

30 eQi

Ii

weevwnZ

Ii

Wv³vi

5 bawchor

30 bawchor

or

bibahito

or

daktar

Avgvi fvB ___________| Ii ¯¿x GKRb______________| ______________ bvg g„`y&jv | I______________| I‡`i______________ Av‡Q| I______________ | __________bvg mygb| amar bhai________. or stri aekjon ________ . ________ nam mridula. o________. oder ________ ache. o ____________. ________ nam shumawn. 2 weevwnZ bibahito

Ii 8 eQi

‡g‡q

or 8 bawchor mey

Ibvi

‡evb

onar

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bon

10 eQi

‰mwbK I‡`i

10 bawchor shoinik

oder

LyKxi GKUv ___________ Av‡Q | ______________ bvg iƒcv| Dwb ______________| Ibvi ¯^vgx GKRb______________ | _____________ bvg ‡LvKb| Ibv‡`i `yBUv* ______________ Av‡Q| ________ bvg bxjv Avi kxjv| bxjv _____________ | kxjv _____________ | khukir aekTa________ ache. ________ nam rupa. uni _____________ . onar shami aekjon_____________. ________ nam khokon . onader duiTa ________ ache. ________ nam nila ar shila. nila _____________. shila _____________ .

9. Make up short stories in Bangla about the people listed below. Check the answer key for some ideas. 1. Avwgbv - weevwnZ, 31 eQi, Ibvi ¯^vgx, GKRb kªwgK, GKUv †Q‡j Avi GKUv †g‡q| amina- bibahito, 31 years, onar shami, aekjon sromik, aekta chele ar aekta mey. 2. eyjeyj weevwnZ, 28 eQi, Ibvi ¯¿x, GKRb wkw¶Kv, †Q‡j †g‡q bvB| bulbul- bibahito, 28 bawchor, onar stri, aekjon shikkhawk, chele mey nai. 3. wgwb - AweevwnZ, 20 eQi, gv-evevi mv‡_, GKRb QvÎx, GKRb fvB| mini - awbibahito, 20 years, mababar shathe, aekjon chatri, aekjon bhai.

10. Listen to several short dialogues as people answer questions about their family members. Circle the correct answer to each question. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. Who is she? B. She is my mother / sister / grandmother. 2. A. Is she married? B. No, she is single / a doctor / 25 years old. 3. A. Who is he? B. He is my wife / my husband / my father. 4. A. Is he married? B. Yes, he is married / single / a soldier. 5. A. Who are they? B. They are my parents / my children / my grandparents. 6. A. Where do they live? B. They live in the barracks / in the tent / in the apartment. 7. A. Do you have any brothers? B. Yes, I have two brothers / two sisters / two sons.

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8. A. Who is that? B. That is my wife / mother / husband. 9. A. Does she have any children? B. Yes, she has two brothers / two sisters / two sons.

11. Read and translate the text. Put T (True) or F (False) next to the statements below. Check your answers with the answer key.

AvLZv‡ii `v`v Avi `v`x Av‡Q| Ibviv AvLZvi Ges Ii cwiev‡ii mv‡_ _v‡K| AvLZv‡ii †Kvb fvB bvB| Ii `yBRb †evb Av‡Q| Iiv QvÎx| AvLZvi weevwnZ| Ii †eŠ GKRb Wv³vi| AvLZv‡ii Avi Ii †eŠ-Gi GKUv †g‡q Avi GKUv †Q‡j Av‡Q| akhtarer dada are dadi ache. onara akhtar ebong or poribarer shathe thake. akhtarer kono bhai nai. or duijon bon ache. ora chatri. akhtar bibahito. or bou aekjon Daktar. akhtarer ar or bou-er aekTa mey ar aekTa chele ache.

AvLZv‡ii gv-evev Av‡Q| AvLZvi weevwnZ| Ibvi `yBRb †evb Av‡Q| AvLZvi Avi Ii †eŠ QvÎ| AvLZvi Wv³vi| AvLZv‡ii `yBRb †Q‡j‡g‡q

akhtarer ma-baba ache. akhtar bibahito. onar duijon bon ache. akhtar ar or bou chatro. akhtar Daktar. akhtarer duijon chelemey.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Give a brief description in Bangla of your immediate family. Include the age, name, and profession of each person, and tell whether each person is married or single, and where he/she lives. If you want to, use real pictures of your family members.

2. Ask your classmate in Bangla whether he/she has a mother, a father, a sister, and a brother, and what their names are, how old they are, where they live, and what their professions are.

3. Work in small groups. Describe the pictures below. Use new vocabulary.

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Vocabulary List Parents Father Mother Children Son/sons Daughter/daughters Brother/brothers Sister/sisters Sister* Grandparents

ma-baba baba/ abba ma/ amma chelemey chele/ cholera mey/ meyra bhai/ bhaira bon/ bonra apa dada-dadi nana –nani

Grandmother Grandfather Husband Wife Maternal Aunt -Uncle

dadi/ nani dada/ nana shami stri khala- khalu mami- mama phupu- phupa caci-caca bibahito awbibahito ini / uni ke? enara/ onara kara? eTa/ oTa /sheTa… eguli/ oguli/ sheguli…

Paternal Aunt -Uncle Married Unmarried/single Who is this/that? Who are these/those? This/that is… These/those are…

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gv-evev evev/ AveŸv gv/ Av¤§v ‡Q‡j‡g‡q ‡Q‡j/ ‡Q‡jiv ‡g‡q/ †g‡qiv fvB/ fvBiv ‡evb/ †evbiv Avcv `v`v-`v`x bvbv-bvbx `v`x/ bvbx `v`v/ bvbv ¯^vgx ¯¿x Lvjv- Lvjy gvgx-gvgv dzcy-dzcv PvPx-PvPv weevwnZ AweevwnZ Bwb/ Dwb ‡K? Gbviv/ Ibviv Kviv? GUv/ IUv/ ‡mUv … G¸wj/ I¸wj/ †m¸wj…

Answer Key 3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

My mother and father have one son and two daughters. I live with my grandparents in a big house. His parents live in Noakhali. They are laborers. I have two brothers. They are soldiers. They live in a military camp. She has a sister. Her name is Neela. My brother is 30 years old. He has a son and a daughter.

5.

1. nu¨v, Bwb Avgvi fvB|

hae, ini amar bhai.

Yes, this is my brother.

2. Ibvi bvg Kwei|

onar nam kobir.

His name is Kobir.

3. Dwb iscy‡i _v‡Kb|

uni rawngpure thaken.

He lives in Rangpur.

4. Dwb GKRb Wv³vi|

uni aekjon Daktar.

He is a doctor.

5. Dwb †mvgev‡i Kv‡R hvb|

uni shombare kaje jan.

He goes to work on Monday.

6. bv, Dwb g½jev‡i nwK †L‡jb|

na, uni mongolbare hockey khaelen.

No, he plays baseball on Tuesday.

1. Bwb wK Avcbvi fvB? 2. Ibvi bvg Kx? 3. Dwb ‡Kv_vq _v‡Kb? 4. Dwb Kx K‡ib? 5. Dwb ‡mvgev‡i ‡Kv_vq hvb? 6. Dwb wK †mvgev‡i nwK †L‡jb?

ini ki apnar bhai? onar nam ki? uni kothai thaken? uni ki kawren? uni shombare kothai jan? uni ki shombare hockey khaelen?

6. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Father Daughter Family Grandparents

5. Sister 6. Grandfather

evev/ AveŸv ‡g‡q cwievi `v`v - `v`x; bvbv- bvbx ‡evb `v`v/ bvbv

baba /abba mey poribar dada-dadi; nana-nani bon dada/ nana

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8. 1. ‡Q‡j chele

5 eQi

30 eQi

5 bawchor

30 bawchor

Ii

weevwnZ

Ii

or

bibahito

or

Wv³vi daktar

Avgvi fvB weevwnZ| Ii ¯¿x GKRb Wv³vi| Ii bvg g„`y&jv | I 30 eQi|| I‡`i ‡Q‡j Av‡Q| I 5 eQi| Ii bvg mygb| amar bhai bibahito. or stri aekjon daktar . or nam mridula. o 30 bawchor. oder chele ache. o 5 bawchor. or nam shumawn. 2 weevwnZ bibahito

Ibvi

8 eQi

‡g‡q

onar

8 bawchor mey

Ibvi onar

‡evb 10 eQi

‰mwbK I‡`i

bon 10 bawchor shoinik oder

LyKxi GKUv ‡evb Av‡Q | Ibvi bvg iƒcv| Dwb weevwnZ | Ibvi ¯^vgx GKRb ‰mwbK | Ibvi bvg ‡LvKb| Ibv‡`i `yBUv* ‡g‡q Av‡Q| I‡`i bvg bxjv Avi kxjv| bxjv 8 eQi| kxjv 10 eQi| khukir aekTa bon ache. onar nam rupa. uni bibahito. onar shami aekjon shoinik. onar nam khokan . onader duiTa mey ache. oder nam nila ar shila. nila 8 bawchor. shila 10 bawchor. *Since duiTa / two indicates plural, “daughter” does not have to be plural. 9. 1. Avwgbv - weevwnZ, 31 eQi, Ibvi ¯^vgx, GKRb kªwgK, GKUv †Q‡j Avi GKUv †g‡q| amina- bibahito, 31 years, onar shami, aekjon sromik, aekta chele ar aekta mey. 2. eyjeyj weevwnZ, 28 eQi, Ibvi ¯¿x, GKRb wkw¶Kv, †Q‡j †g‡q bvB| bulbul- bibahito, 28 bawchor, onar stri, aekjon shikkhawk, chele mey nai. 3. wgwb - AweevwnZ, 20 eQi, gv-evevi mv‡_, GKRb QvÎx, GKRb fvB| mini - awbibahito, 20 years, mababar shathe, aekjon chatri, aekjon bhai. 1. Avwgbv weevwnZ| Ibvi 31 eQi| Ibvi ¯^vgx GKRb kªwgK| Ibv‡`i GKUv †Q‡j Avi GKUv †g‡q

Av‡Q| amina bibahito. onar 31 bawchor. onar shami aekjon sromik. onader aekTa chele ar aekTa mey ache. 2. eyjeyj weevwnZ| Ibvi 28 eQi| Ibvi ¯¿x GKRb wkw¶Kv| Ibv‡`i †Q‡j †g‡q bvB| bulbul bibahito. onar 28 bawchor. onar stri aekjon shikkhika. onader chele mey nai. 3. wgwb AweevwnZ| Ibvi 20 eQi| Dwb gv-evevi mv‡_ _v‡Kb| Dwb GKRb QvÎx| Ibvi GKRb fvB

Av‡Q| mini awbibahito. onar 20 bawchor. uni ma-babar shathe thaken. uni aekjon chatri. onar aekjon bhai ache.

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10. 1. Dwb †K? Dwb Avgvi †evb| 2. Dwb wK weevwnZ? bv, Dwb AweevwnZ | 3. Dwb †K? Dwb Avgvi ¯^vgx | 4. Dwb wK weevwnZ? nu¨v| 5. Ibviv Kviv? Iiv Avgvi †Q‡j‡g‡q | 6. Ibviv †Kv_vq _v‡Kb? Ibviv d¬¨v‡U _v‡Kb| 7. Avcbvi wK †Kvb fvB Av‡Q? nu¨v, Avgvi `yB fvB

Av‡Q| 8. Dwb †K? Dwb Avgvi ¯¿x | 9. Ibvi wK †Kvb †Q‡j‡g‡q Av‡Q? nu¨v, Ibvi `yB †Q‡j Av‡Q|

uni ke? uni amar bon. uni ki bibahito? na, uni awbibahito. uni ke? uni amar shami. uni ki bibahito? hae. onara kara? ora amar chelemey. onara kothai thaken? onara flate thaken. apnar ki kono bhai ache? hae, amar dui bhai ache. uni ke? uni amar stri. onar ki kono chelemey ache? hae, onar dui chele ache.

1. Who is she? She is my sister. 2. Is she married? No, she is single. 3. Who is he? He is my husband. 4. Is he married? Yes, he is 5. Who are they? They are my children. 6. Where do they live? They live in the apartment. 7. Do you have any brothers? Yes, I have two brothers. 8. Who is that? That is my wife. 9. Does she have any children? Yes, she has two sons. 11.

AvLZv‡ii `v`v Avi `v`x Av‡Q| Ibviv AvLZvi Ges Ii cwiev‡ii mv‡_ _v‡K| AvLZv‡ii †Kvb fvB bvB| Ii `yBRb †evb Av‡Q| Iiv QvÎx| AvLZvi weevwnZ| Ii †eŠ GKRb Wv³vi| AvLZv‡ii Avi Ii †eŠ-Gi GKUv †g‡q Avi GKUv †Q‡j Av‡Q| akhtarer dada are dadi ache. onara akhtar ebong or poribarer shathe thake. akhtarer kono bhai nai. or duijon bon ache. ora chatri. akhtar bibahito. or bou aekjon daktar. akhtarer ar or bou-er aekTa mey ar aekTa chele ache. Akhtar has a grandfather and a grandmother. They live with Akhtar and his family. Akhtar has no brothers. He has two sisters. They are students. Akhtar is married. His wife is a doctor. Akhtar and his wife have a daughter and a son. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T

Akhtar has parents. Akhtar is married. He has two sisters Akhtar and his wife are students. Akhtar is a doctor. Akhtar has two children.

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1. F AvLZv‡ii gv-evev Av‡Q|

akhtarer ma-baba ache.

2. T AvLZvi weevwnZ|

akhtar bibahito.

3. T Ibvi `yBRb †evb Av‡Q|

onar duijon bon ache.

4. F AvLZvi Avi Ii †eŠ QvÎ|

akhtar ar or bou chatro.

5. F AvLZvi Wv³vi|

akhtar Daktar.

6. T AvLZv‡ii `yBRb †Q‡j‡g‡q|

akhtarer duijon chelemey.

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Lesson 6 Around Town

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

kni †eovb

shawhor berano

This lesson will introduce you to: - Cardinal directions - Names of urban buildings and landmarks - How to ask and answer questions about locations of places and buildings.

1. Listen to and repeat the cardinal directions.

DËi DËicwðg

DËic~e©

uttorposhcim

cwðg `w¶Ycwðg

uttor

poshcim

c~e©

dokkhinposhcim

`w¶Yc~e© `w¶Y

dokkhin

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uttorpurbo

purbo dokkhinpurbo

2. Listen to the following sentences and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook.

Sherpur is north of Jamalpur. Meherpur is west of Faridpur. Chittagong is south of Dhaka. Comilla is east of Chandpur.

sherpur jamalpurer uttore meherpur foridpurer poshcime ciTagawng Dhakar dokkhine kumilla cadpurer purbe 99

‡kicyi Rvgvjcy‡ii Dˇi †g‡nicyi dwi`cy‡ii cwð‡g wPUvMs XvKvi `w¶‡Y Kzwgj−v Puv`cy‡ii c~‡e©

3. a) Compose sentences according to the model. Check your answers with the answer key. Model: cvebv XvKvi c~‡e© pabna Dhakar purbe

Rvgvjcyi - `w¶Y - ‡kicyi

jamalpur – dokkhin -sherpur

XvKv - DËi - wPUvMs

Dhaka – uttor - ciTagawng

dwi`cyi -– c~e© - †g‡nicyi

foridpur – purbo - meherpur

Puv`cyi - cwðg - Kzwgj−v

cadpur – poshcim - kumilla

b) Work with a partner. Tell each other where your homes are located.

4. Topographical features and urban buildings and landmarks are useful reference points when getting to know a new area or for getting or giving directions. Listen to a list of common sites and features. Repeat after the speaker while following along in the workbook. Airport Bank Building House Bus station Train station Police station Tea shop Restaurant Church/mosque/temple Movie theater Hospital Market Pharmacy* Post office Store Park Factory*

airport bank building bari bus station train station police station cayer dokan restaura girja/mosjid/mondir cinema hall hashpatal bajar oshudher dokan post office dokan park karkhana

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Gqvi‡cvU© e¨vsK wejwWs evwo evm †÷kb ‡Uªb †÷kb cywjk †÷kb Pv‡qi †`vKvb ‡i‡¯Íviv MxR©v/ gmwR`/ gw›`i wm‡bgv nj nvmcvZvj evRvi Ily‡ai †`vKvb ‡cv÷ Awdm ‡`vKvb cvK© KviLvbv

Bridge bridge weªR Farm khamar Lvgvi Field maTh gvV Forest jawngol R½j Lake lake ‡jBK Mountain pahar cvnvo River nodi b`x * The Bangla terms are given, but they are also referred to as pharmacy and factory respectively. 5. Match the English word in the left column with the Bangla equivalent in the right column. Check your work with the answer key. 1. Airport 2. Bank 3. Bus station 4. Café 5. Church 6. Movie theater 7. Factory 8. Hospital 9. Park 10. Pharmacy 11. Post office

karkhana hashpatal airport oshudher dokan restora park post office bus station bank cayer dokan cinema hall

A. KviLvbv B. nvmcvZvj C. Gqvi‡cvU© D. Ily‡ai †`vKvb E. ‡i‡¯Íviv F. cvK© G. ‡cv÷ Awdm H. evm †÷kb I. e¨vsK J. Pv‡qi †`vKvb K. wm‡bgv nj

6. Read and translate the following sentences from Bangla into English. Check your work with the answer key.

bajarTa banker dokkhine. nodiTa paharer purbe. airportTa hoteler poshcime. pahar ar lakegulo jawngoler purbe. nodiTa khamarer dokkhine. cinema hallTa hashpataler purbe. lakeTa parker uttore.

evRviUv e¨vs‡Ki `w¶‡Y| b`xUv cvnv‡oi c~‡e©| Gqvi‡cvU©Uv †nv‡U‡ji cwð‡g| cvnvo Avi †jBK¸‡jv R½‡ji c~‡e©| b`xUv Lvgv‡ii `w¶‡Y| wm‡bgv njUv nvmcvZv‡ji c~‡e©| ‡jBKUv cv‡K©i Dˇi|

101

7. Compose sentences according to the model. Use the words below. Check your work with the answer key. Model: The park is east of the post office.

cvK©Uv †cvó Awd‡mi c~‡e©| parkTa post officer purbe.

1. Gqvi‡cvU© airport

2. e¨vsK bank

3. Ily‡ai †`vKvb oshudher dokan

4. weªR bridge

5. evm †÷kb bus station

6. KviLvbv karkhana

7. Lvgvi khamar

8. cvK© park

- c~‡e©

- ‡jBK

- purbe

-lake

- `w¶‡Y

- nvmcvZvj

- dokkhine

- hashpatal

- cwð‡g

- ‡cvó Awdm

- poshcime

- post office

- Dˇi

- b`x

-uttore

-nodi

- c~‡e©

- cywjk †÷kb

-purbe

- police station

- `w¶‡Y

- cvnvo

-dokkhine

-pahar

- cwð‡g

- gvV

-poshcime

- math

- Dˇi

- ‡jBK

- uttore

- lake

8. Listen to the speaker and circle the term you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. north

west

south

2. bank

park

bridge

3. train station

bus station

airport

4. restaurant

café

factory

5. post office

pharmacy

hospital

6. church

movie theater

factory

7. lake

river

farm

8. building

bridge

mountain

102

9. Listen to the following words and word combinations and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. In front of ……

……shamne

Next to ……

……pashe

Between …… and ……

……ar ……moddhe

Around the corner from ……

……konai

In the corner

… .morey

Across from ……

……ulTadike

On the ……

……opore

……mvg‡b ……cv‡k ……Avi …… g‡a¨ ……‡KvYvq …. ‡gv‡o ……Dëvw`‡K ……Ic‡i

10. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in your workbook. Translate into English. Check your work with the answer key.

1. ‡jBKUv †Kv_vq? †jBKUv R½‡ji* cv‡k| 1. lakeTa kothai? lakeTa jawngoler pashe.

2. evRviUv †Kv_vq? evRviUv cywjk †÷kb Avi MxR©vi g‡a¨| 2. bajarTa kothai? bajarTa police station ar girjar moddhe. 3. †cvó AwdmUv †Kv_vq? †cvó AwdmUv nvmcvZv‡ji †KvYvq| 3. post officeTa kothai? post officeTa hashpataler konai.

4.†Uªb †÷kbUv †Kv_vq? †Uªb †÷kbUv cv‡K©i Dëvw`‡K| 4. train stationTa kothai? train stationTa parker ulTadike.

5. Pv‡qi †`vKvbUv †Kv_vq? IUv †nv‡U‡ji mvg‡b| 5. cayer dokanTa kothai? oTa hoteler shamne. * The second “the” / “Ta” is not always explicitly stated.

11. Work with a partner. Compose similar dialogues using the words below. Role-play your dialogues.

GB †h fvB|* cvK©Uv †Kv_vq? cvK©Uv nvmcvZv‡ji mvg‡b| ab¨ev`|#

ei je bhai. parkTa kothai? parkTa hashpataler shamne. dhonnobad.

103

*Bangla does not have an equivalent term for “Excuse me, Sir.” “ei je bhai” literally means “Look here, brother”; thus, it is a nice way of drawing attention. This phrase can also be used at the beginning of a greeting; e.g. “ei je bhai”, kaemon achen? = “ei je bhai”, how are you?

# Thank you/ you are welcome: in formal interactions, Bangladeshis do say “dhonnobad / thank you,” but the response is simply a smile or a nod of appreciation. However, in informal interactions, “dhonnobad / thank you” is seldom explicitly stated.

cvK©Uv nvmcvZv‡ji mvg‡b| parkTa hashpataler shamne

Gqvi‡cvUUv© evm †÷k‡bi Dëvw`‡K| airportTa bus stationer ulTadike

R½jUv cvnv‡oi cv‡k| jawngolTa paharer pashe

cywjk †÷kbUv wm‡bgv n‡ji ‡KvYvq| police stationTa cinema haller konai

MxR©vUv KviLvbv Avi cvK©Uvi g‡a¨ | girjaTa karkhana ar parkTar moddhe

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Translate each phrase into Bangla. Check your work with the answer key. A. The restaurant is next to the* hotel. B. The park is north of the* lake. C. The bank is between the church and the bus station. D. The market is south of the bridge. E. The café is across from the bookstore. F. The field is in front of the farm. * The second “the” / “Ta” is not always explicitly stated. 2. Work with a partner or in small groups. In Bangla, come up with a list of the facilities on your base. Then draw a schematic map of the base. Now describe the locations of each facility. Use the following vocabulary: a store, a hospital, a police station, a movie theater, a park, a hotel, a church, an airfield, a restaurant, a forest, and your language training facility. Use the prepositions: between, next to, across from, in front of.

105

Vocabulary List Where North South East West Mountain Lake River Forest Bridge Store Market Church/mosque/temple Restaurant Tea shop Park Bank Airport Train station Bus station Pharmacy / drug store Hospital Movie theater Factory Farm Post office Field Police station In front of Next to Between Around the corner from In the corner Across from

kothai uttor dokkhin purbo poshcim pahar lake nodi jawngol bridge dokan bajar girja/mosjid/mondir restaura cayer dokan park bank airport train station bus station pharmacy/ oshudher dokan hashpatal cinema hall factory/ karkhana khamar post office maTh police station shamne pashe moddhe ….konai ….morey ulTadike

106

†Kv_vq DËi `w¶Y c~e© cwðg cvnvo ‡jBK b`x R½j weªR ‡`vKvb evRvi MxR©v/gmwR`/gw›`i ‡i‡¯Íviv Pv‡qi †`vKvb cvK© e¨vsK Gqv‡cvU© ‡Uªb †÷kb evm †÷kb dvg©vwm/ Ily‡ai †`vKvb nvmcvZvj wm‡bgv nj dv±wi/ KviLvbv Lvgvi ‡cvó Awdm gvV cywjm †÷kb mvg‡b cv‡k g‡a¨ ….†KvYvq …. ‡gv‡o Dëvw`‡K

Answer Key 3. a)

Rvgvjcyi ‡kicy‡ii `w¶‡Y

jamalpur sherpurer dokkhine

XvKv wPUvMs-Gi Dˇi

Dhaka ciTagawnger uttore

dwi`cyi †g‡nicy‡ii c~‡e©

foridpur meherpurer purbe

Puv`cyi Kzwgj−vi cwð‡g

cadpur kumillar poshcime

5. 1. C 2. I 3. H 4. J 5. L 6. K 7. A 8. B 9. F 10. D 11. G 12. E 6. 1. The market is south of the bank 2. The river is east of the mountains. 3. The airport is west of the hotel. 4. The mountains and lakes are east of the forest. 5. The river is south of the farm. 6. The movie theater is east of the hospital. 7. The lake is north of the park. 7.

1. Gqvi‡cvU© ‡jB‡Ki c~‡e©|| airport laker purbe.

2. e¨vsK nvmcvZv‡ji `w¶‡Y| bank hashpataler dokkhine. 3. Ily‡ai †`vKvb ‡cvó Awd‡mi cwð‡g| oshudher dokan post officer poshcime.

4. weªR b`xi Dˇi|

107

bridge nodir uttore.

5. evm †÷kb cywjk †÷k‡bi c~‡e©| bus station police stationer purbe.

6. KviLvbv cvnv‡oi `w¶‡Y| karkhana paharer dokkhine.

7. Lvgvi gv‡Vi cwð‡g| khamar maTher poshcime.

8. cvK© ‡jB‡Ki Dˇi | park laker uttore. 8. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

north bridge bus station café post office church farm mountain

DËi weªR evm †÷kb Pv‡qi †`vKvb ‡cvó Awdm MxRv© Lvgvi cvnvo

uttor bridge bus station cayer dokan post office girja khamar pahar

10. 1. Where is the lake? The lake is next to the forest. 2. Where is the market? The market is between the police station and the church. 3. Where is the post office? The post office is around the corner from the hospital. 4. Where is the train station? The train station is across from the park. 5. Where is the café? It is in front of the hotel. End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. A. ‡i‡¯ÍvivUv †nv‡U‡ji* cv‡k| B. cvK©Uv †jB‡Ki* Dˇi| C. e¨vsKUv MxR©v Avi evm

restauraTa hoteler pashe parkTa laker uttore bankTa girja ar bus station er moddhe

†÷k‡bi g‡a¨ D. evRviUv weª‡Ri `w¶‡Y| E. Pv‡qi †`vKvbUv eB-Gi †`vKv‡bi Dëvw`‡K| F. gvVUv Lvgv‡ii mvg‡b|

bajarTa bridge-er dokkhine cayer dokanTa boi-er dokaner ulTadike. maThTa khamarer shamne

108

Lesson 7 Shopping

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

evRvi Kiv bajar kawra

This lesson will introduce you to: - Customs and practices accepted in the marketplaces - Names of foods and stores - How to make purchases in shops in Bangladesh - The verbs “to want,” “to buy,” “to pay,” and “to take” - The modal verb “can.”

Bangladesh is a developing country that is predominantly rural, with 75 percent of the population living in the rural areas. According to World Bank data from 2003, its population was 138 million, and the per capita income was $400. One dollar is worth about taka 60, but a better sense of purchasing power may be obtained by noting that a bottle of coke costs taka 10. Using the “purchasing power parity” adjustment, which better reflects the real value of income, the per capita income was about $1,900. The economy is stable and has enjoyed an annual growth of about 4-5% for more than a decade. This growth would have been considerably higher if not for the volatile political situation, strikes, and the lack of law and order, which have adversely affected business activities and foreign investment. Even though there has been a rapid increase in commercial and private construction, and middle-class incomes, widespread poverty is evident throughout the country in spite of its lush countryside.

The local currency in Bangladesh is the taka. One dollar is worth about sixty taka. There are 1, 2, 5, 10, 100, and 500 taka notes in circulation. Coins consist of 1 paisha, 5 paisha, 10 and 25 cents. The symbol is $.

109

1. Listen to the following vocabulary and repeat after the speaker.

banana

tomato

potato

milk

Kjv

U‡g‡Uv

Avj

y`ya

kawla

tomato

alu

dudh

butter

egg

cheese

bread

gvLb

wWg

cwbi

i“wU

makhon

Dim

ponir

ruTi

fish

sugar

ice cream

gvQ

wPwb

AvBm wµg

gyiMx

mach

cini

ice cream

murgi

lentils

rice* (with lentils and vegetables)

Wvj

fvZ ( mv‡_ Wvj Avi mewR)

dal

bhat ( shathe dal ar shobji)

110

chicken

*bhat= cooked rice cal= uncooked rice

2. Work in pairs or in small groups. Ask your partner what foods he/she has at home. Use the model below. A. ‡Zvgv‡`i evwo‡Z Kx Av‡Q? tomader barite ki ache? B fvZ, Wvj, Avi Avjy Av‡Q| bhat, dal, are alu ache.

3. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and follow along in the workbook. Look at the pictures and try to guess the meaning of unknown words. If you need help, check the answer key.

GUv GKUv †`vKvb| eta aekTa dokan.

mywdqv GKUv ‡`vKv‡b KvR K‡i| I GKRb Kg©Pvix|

‡mv‡nj GKUv gv‡Qi †`vKv‡b* KvR K‡i| I GKRb Kg©Pvix|

sufia aekTa dokane kaj kawre. o aekjon kawrmocari.

sohel aekTa macher dokane kaj kawre, o aekjon kawrmocari.

‡gwibv GKUv Kvc‡oi †`vKv‡b KvR K‡i| I GKRb Kg©Pvix|

gywbiI Kvc‡oi †`vKv‡b KvR K‡i| I GKRb Kg©Pvix|

merina aeTta kaporer dokane kaj kawre. o aekjon kawrmocari.

munir-o kaporer dokane kaj kawre. o aekjon kawrmocari.

111

Did you understand the underlined words?

†`vKvb/ dokan - store gv‡Qi †`vKv‡b/ macher dokan - fish store* Kg©Pvix/ kawrmocari - employee Kvc‡oi †`vKv‡b/ karporer dokan - clothing store I/ o - too# *Typically people go to the fish market/ macher bajar with many stores. # When I/o is added to a noun or a pronoun it means “too,” but when I/o is separate it means “and.” Example: muniro = munir too; tumio = you too; munir o tumi = munir and you.

"Department stores" are a very recent phenomenon in Bangladesh. Traditionally, only small stores with a supply of rice, lentils, oil, matches and other necessities were visible throughout the country. These were called "mudir dokan" and are still popular now. While shops have increased in size and shape in the cities and larger towns, specific names for shops have not evolved. As a result, the generic term, shop or dokan is used to indicate most shops, with some exceptions, such as bookstores, saree stores, and fish markets. Similarly, the terms “salesperson” or cashier, have not evolved either, but are only used in the department stores, where English is understood. However, a distinction is mostly made between the owner and the employee, where the word for owner is “malik.”

4. Work in pairs or in small groups. Make up dialogues using the model below. Model:

A.

Where does Aloke work?

A‡jvK †Kv_vq KvR K‡i? awlok kothai kaj kawre? B.

Aloke works at the clothing store.

A‡jvK Kvc‡oi †`vKv‡b KvR K‡i| awlok kaporer dokane kaj kawre.

The "infinitive” of a verb is formed by adding the ending "te" to the high stem of the verb stem. Example: “to buy” = ken- > kin- + te = kinte; “want to buy” = kinte ca- . “to take” = ne-> ni- + te = nite ; “want to take” = nite ca“to give” = de-> di- + te = dite ; “want to give” = dite ca-

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I want to buy… You want to buy… S/He wants to buy… We want to buy… You want to buy… They want to buy…

Avwg wKb‡Z PvB... Avcwb wKb‡Z Pvb... Zzwg wKb‡Z PvI... Dwb wKb‡Z Pvb... I wKb‡Z Pvq ... Avgiv wKb‡Z PvB... Avcbviv wKb‡Z Pvb... ‡Zvgiv wKb‡Z PvI... Ibviv wKb‡Z Pvb... Iiv wKb‡Z Pvq...

ami kinte caii… apni kinte can… tumi kinte cao… uni kinte can… o kinte cai… amra kinte caii apnara kinte can… tomra kinte cao… onara kinte can… ora kinte cai…

5. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and follow along in the workbook. Look at the pictures and try to guess the meaning of unknown words.

‡iby GKUv eB wKb‡Z Pvq| Dwb eB-Gi †`vKv‡b ‡M‡jb|

iwng GKUv Nwo wKb‡Z Pvq| Dwb GKUv †`vKv‡b ‡M‡jb|

renu aekTa boi kinte cai. uni boier dokane gaelen.

rahim aekTa ghori kinte cai. uni aekTa dokane gaelen.

Did you understand the underlined words?

eB-Gi †`vKvb / boier dokan - bookstore Nwo/ ghori - clock †`vKvb/ dokan - store

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6. Match each Bangla sentence in the left column with the English equivalent in the right column. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. Avwg i“wU Avi gvLb wKb‡Z PvB| ami ruti ar makhon kinte caii. 2. A‡jvK GKUv eB wKb‡Z Pvq| awlok aekTa boi kinte cai. 3. ‡mv‡nj gvQ wKb‡Z Pvq| sohel mach kinte cai. 4. ‡gv‡gb Nwo wKb‡Z Pvq| momen ghori kinte cai. 5. Avwg GKUv kvwo wKb‡Z PvB| ami aekTa shari kinte caii 6. Ibviv cwbi wKb‡Z Pvb| onara ponir kinte can 7. Avgvi †evb Kvco¸‡jv wKb‡Z Pvq|. amar bon kaporgulo kinte cai.

A. Sohel wants to buy fish. B. They want to buy cheese. C. I want to buy bread and butter. D. My sister wants to buy the clothes. E. Momen wants to buy a clock. F. Aloke wants to buy a book. G. I want to buy a saree.

Study the following measure words. A kilo of mangoes A kilo of rice A bag of potatoes A loaf of bread A bottle of water A packet of milk A dozen eggs

GK wK‡jv Avg GK wK‡jv Pvj GK e¨vM Avjy GKUv i“wU GK †evZj cvwb GK c¨v‡KU `ya GK WRb wWg

aek kilo am aek kilo cal aek bag alu aekTa ruTi aek botol pani aek packet dudh aek dozen Dim

7. Work with a partner or in small groups. Pretend that you are planning to have a surprise birthday party for one of your classmates. You need to buy some food and gifts. Make a shopping list and tell your partner in Bangla what you want to buy. “How much” is “kawto?” In order to ask the price/ “dam” of something, the question is: eTar dam kawto?/ How much is the price of this? or, eTar kawto dam? or simply, “kawto dam?” or “dam kawto?”. The word order can change. “To pay” in Bangla is “dam de-”, which literally means “to give price”; where “de-” is the verb stem of “give”. “de-” is conjugated like “ne-” / “take”, given below (#12). Example, Can I pay (the price)? ami dam-ta dei? The best places to haggle are the market places, where fish, meat, vegetables, and other grocery items are available, and stores, which specialize in clothing. The best strategy for haggling is to first quote a low price. Suppose the salesperson says the price of a shirt is 200 taka, the customer should respond by saying, “aeksho takai den.” i.e., “Give (honorific) me at 100 taka.” The haggling goes back and forth, and if the customer is persistent, the chances of winning are usually high. Many stores, however, have fixed prices. 114

8. Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. A. Excuse me. I want to buy cheese. How much is it?

GB †h fvB| Avwg cwbi wKb‡Z PvB| `vg KZ? ei je bhai. ami ponir kinte cai. dam kawto? B. A kilo of cheese is 200 taka.

GK wK‡jv cwbi $ 200| aek kilo ponir 200 Taka. A. Thank you.

ab¨ev`| dhonnobad.

9. Pretend you want to buy the items listed below. One of your classmates is a salesperson. Role-play an “In the Shop” dialogue using the dialogue above as a model. Work in pairs or in small groups.

GK wK‡jv Avg GK wK‡jv gvQ GK e¨vM Avjy GK †evZj cvwb GK c¨v‡KU `ya GKUv i“wU GK WRb wWg

$ 200 $ 150 $ 40 $ 15 $ 20 $ 15 $ 30

aek kilo am aek kilo mach aek bag alu aek botol pani aek packet dudh aekTa ruTi aek dozen Dim

200 Taka 150 Taka 40 Taka 15 Taka 20 Taka 15 Taka 30 Taka

10. Complete the sentences using the words in the box. Check your answers with the answer key.

Kvc‡oi †`vKvb kaporer dokan

evRvi

eB-Gi †`vKvb

bajar

boi-er dokan

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Avgvi gv-evev ____________ Dcnvi wK‡bb| amar ma-baba____________ upohar kinen. Ibviv____________ gvQ Avi Avjy wK‡bb| onara ____________ mach ar alu kinen. Avgvi fvB ____________eB wK‡b| amar bhai____________ boi kine. Avgvi †evb Avi Avwg ____________ Kvco wKwb| 8. amar bon ar ami ____________ kapor kini.

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‡`vKvb dokan

11. Translate the following sentences. Check your work with the answer key. 1. Avwg eB-Gi †`vKv‡b eB wKwb| ami boier dokane boi kini. 2.Avgvi ‡evb †`vKv‡b= Dcnvi wK‡b| amar bon dokane= upohar kine. 3.Avgvi gv e¨vsK-Gi Dëvw`‡K evRv‡i wPwb wK‡bb| amar ma banker ultadike bajare cini kinen. 4.Avgvi bvbv-bvbx evRv‡i Pvj wK‡bb| amar nana-nani bajare cal kinen. Study the modal verb “can.” . I can Avwg cvwi You can Avcwb cv‡ib S/ He can We can You can They can

ami pari apni paren tumi paro

Zzwg cvi Dwb cv‡ib I cv‡i Avgiv cvwi Avcbviv cv‡ib Zzwg cvi Ibviv cv‡ib Iiv cv‡i

uni paren o pare amra pari apnara paren tumi paro onara paren ora pare

12. a) Listen to the following dialogue and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. I take You take

ami neii apni nen tumi nao

S/He takes

uni nen o naei

We takes You take

amra neii apnara nen tumi nao

They take

onara nen ora naei

Avwg ‡bB Avcwb ‡bb Zzwg bvI Dwb ‡bb I ‡bq Avgiv ‡bB Avcbviv ‡bb Zzwg bvI Ibviv ‡bb Iiv ‡bq

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A. I want to buy a loaf of bread. How much is it?

Avwg GKUv i“wU wKb‡Z PvB| `vg KZ? / KZ `vg? ami aekta ruti kinte cai. kawto dam/ dam kawto? B. It is 15 taka.

$ 15 15 Taka. A. Can I pay with a credit card?

Avwg ‡µwWU Kv‡W© w`‡Z cvwi? ami credit carde dite pari? B I’m sorry, but we take cash.

`ytwLZ, wKš‘ Avgiv bM` †bB| dukkhito, kintu amra nawgod nei.

b) Role-play the dialogue. Make up similar dialogues using the words below. 1. `yB †evZj cvwb dui botol pani 2. GKUv eB aekTa boi 3. GK c¨v‡KU `ya aek packet dudh 4. GK wK‡jv cwbi aek kilo ponir 5. GK WRb wWg aek dozen Dim.

13. Read the dialogue and answer the follow-up questions. Check your work with the answer key.

A‡jvK: Kx Lei, mygb? awlok: ki khawbor shumawn?

mygb: Kx Lei, A‡jvK? shumawn: ki khawbor, awlok?

A‡jvK: †Kv_vq hvb? awlok: kothai jan?

mygb: ‡`vKv‡b hvB| shumawn: dokane jaii. 117

A‡jvK: Kx wKb‡Z Pvb? awlok: ki kinte can?

mygb: Avwg i“wU, `yB †evZj cvwb, Avi GK wK‡jv Avg wKb‡Z PvB| Avcwb †Kv_vq hvb? shumawn: ami ruTi, dui botol pani, ar aek kilo am kinte caii. apni kothai jan?

A‡jvK: AvwgI †`vKv‡b hvB| awlok: amio dokane jaii.

mygb: Kx wKb‡Z Pvb? shumawn: ki kinte can?

A‡jvK: Avwg Avgvi `v`vi Rb¨ GKUv Dcnvi wKb‡Z PvB| GKUv eB ev Nwo wKb‡Z PvB| awlok: ami amar dadar jonno aekTa upohar kinte cai. aekTa boi ba ghori kinte cai.

mygb: eB-Gi ‡`vKv‡b Nwo Av‡Q| shumawn: boi-er dokane ghori ache..

A‡jvK: eB-Gi ‡`vKv‡b ‡µwWU Kv‡W© w`‡Z cvwi bv| Iiv bM` †bq| awlok: boi-er dokane credit carde dite pari na. ora nawgod naei. Questions 1.

Where is Aloke going?

A‡jvK †Kv_vq hvq? awlok kothai jai? 2.

What does he want to buy?

Dwb Kx wKb‡Z Pvb? uni ki kinte can? 3.

Where is Shumon going?

mygb †Kv_vq hvq? shumawn kothai jai? 4

What does he want to buy?

Dwb Kx wKb‡Z Pvb? uni ki kinte can? 5

Can he/she pay with a credit card at the bookstore?

Dwb Kx ‡µwWU Kv‡W© w`‡Z cv‡i? uni ki credit carde dite pare?

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Translate the following into Bangla. Check your work with the answer key. A. B. C. D.

Where do you buy fish and potatoes? Do you take credit cards? No, we take cash. I buy clothes for my sister in the clothing store. How much is a loaf of bread? - $15

2. In Bangladesh, tell where you buy groceries/ gifts/ books/ clothes.

3. What would you tell a salesperson in Bangladesh if you want to buy a packet of milk/ a watch/ a dozen eggs? How would you ask the price of it? Role-play the dialogue.

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Vocabulary List How much …? It’s …….. . I want to buy… Banana Butter Chicken Fish Ice cream Milk Tomato Mango Potato Sugar Rice Cheese Eggs A kilo of cheese A bag of potatoes A loaf of bread A bottle of water A dozen eggs A packet of milk Clothing store Store Bookstore Bread Cash Cashier Employee Buy Take Give Pay Too Can I pay with a credit card? I’m sorry, but we take cash.

kawto ota ami kinte caii kawla makhon murgi mach ice cream dudh tomato am alu cini cal ponir Dim aek kilo ponir aek bawsta alu aekta ruti aek botol pani aek Dozen Dim aek packet dudh kaporer dokan dokan boier dokan ruti nawgow cashier kawrmocari kennededam deo ami credit carde dite pari? dukkhito, kintu amra nawgod nei.

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KZ? IUv…….. . Avwg wKb‡Z PvB Kjv gvLb gyiMx gvQ AvBm µxg `ya U‡g‡Uv Avg Avjy wPwb Pvj cwbi wWg GK wK‡jv cwbi GK e¯Ív Avjy GKUv i“wU GK †evZj cvwb GK WRb wWg GK c¨v‡KU `ya Kvc‡oi †`vKvb ‡`vKvb eB-Gi †`vKvb i“wU bM` K¨vwkqvi Kg©Pvix ‡Kb‡b†``vg †`I Avwg wK‡µwWU Kv‡W© w`‡Z cvwi? `ytwLZ, wKš‘ Avgiv bM` †bB

Answer Key 3.

GUv GKUv †`vKvb| eta aekTa dokan. This is a store.

mywdqv GKUv ‡`vKv‡b KvR K‡i| I GKRb Kg©Pvix|

‡mv‡nj GKUv gv‡Qi †`vKv‡b* KvR K‡i| I GKRb Kg©Pvix|

sufia aekTa dokane kaj kawre. o aekjon kawrmocari. Sufia works at the store. She is an employee.

sohel aekTa macher dokane kaj kawre, o aekjon kawrmocari. Sohel works at the fish store. He is an employee.

‡gwibv GKUv Kvc‡oi †`vKv‡b KvR K‡i| I GKRb Kg©Pvix|

gywbiI Kvc‡oi †`vKv‡b KvR K‡i| I GKRb Kg©Pvix|

merina aeTta kaporer dokane kaj kawre. o aekjon kawrmocari. Merina works at the clothing store. She is an employee.

munir-o kaporer dokane kaj kawre. o aekjon kawrmocari. Munir works at the clothing store too. He is an employee.

6. 1. Avwg i“wU Avi gvLb wKb‡Z PvB| ami ruti ar makhon kinte caii. 2. A‡jvK GKUv eB wKb‡Z Pvq| awlok aekTa boi kinte cai. 3. ‡mv‡nj gvQ wKb‡Z Pvq| sohel mach kinte cai. 4. ‡gv‡gb Nwo wKb‡Z Pvq| momen ghori kinte cai. 5. Avwg GKUv kvwo wKb‡Z PvB| ami aekTa shari kinte caii 6. Ibviv cwbi wKb‡Z Pvb| onara ponir kinte can 7. Avgvi †evb Kvco¸‡jv wKb‡Z Pvq|. amar bon kaporgulo kinte cai.

C. I want to buy bread and butter. F. Aloke wants to buy a book. A. Sohel wants to buy fish. E. Momen wants to buy a clock. G. I want to buy a saree. B. They want to buy cheese. D. My sister wants to buy the clothes.

10. clothing store

market

bookstore

store

Kvc‡oi †`vKvb

evRvi

eB-Gi †`vKvb

‡`vKvb

kaporer dokan

bajar

boi-er dokan

dokan

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1. My parents buy gifts at the store . 2. They buy fish and potatoes at the___market________. 3. My brother buys books at the____bookstore_____. 4. My sister and I buy clothes at the ____clothing store______.

9. Avgvi gv-evev †`vKv‡b Dcnvi wK‡bb| 10. amar ma-baba dokane upohar kinen. 11. Ibviv evRv‡i gvQ Avi Avjy wK‡bb| 12. onara bajare mach ar alu kinen. 13. Avgvi fvB eB-Gi †`vKv‡b eB wK‡b| 14. amar bhai boi er dokane boi kine. 15. Avgvi †evb Avi Avwg Kvc‡oi †`vKv‡b Kvco wKwb| 16. amar bon ar ami kaporer dokane kapor kini. 11. 1. Avwg eB-Gi †`vKv‡b eB wKwb| ami boier dokane boi kini. I buy books in the bookstore. 2.Avgvi ‡evb †`vKv‡b= Dcnvi wK‡b| amar bon dokane= upohar kine. My sister buys gifts at the gift store. 3.Avgvi gv e¨vsK-Gi Dëvw`‡K evRv‡i wPwb wK‡bb| amar ma banker ultadike bajare cini kinen. My grandparents buy milk and butter at the grocery store. 4.Avgvi bvbv-bvbx evRv‡i Pvj wK‡bb| amar nana-nani bajare cal kinen. We buy clothes, books, and gifts at the department store. 13. Aloke: Hello, Shumon! Shumon: Hello, Aloke! Aloke: Where are you going? Shumon: I’m going to the store. Aloke: What do you want to buy? Shumon: I want to buy bread, two bottles of water, and a kilo of mangoes. Where are you going? Aloke: I am going to the store, too. Shumon: What do you want to buy? Aloke: I want to buy a gift for my grandfather. I want to buy a book or a clock. Shumon: You can get clocks at the bookstore. Aloke: At a bookstore I can’t pay with a credit card. They take cash.

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Answers: 1. A‡jvK †`vKv‡b hvq| awlok dokane jai. 2. Ibvi `v`vi Rb¨ GKUv Dcnvi wKb‡Z Pvq| / Ibvi `v`vi Rb¨GKUv eB ev Nwo wKb‡Z Pvq| onar dadar jonno aekta upohar kinte cai./onar dadar jonno aekta boi ba ghori kinte cai. 3. mygbI ‡`vKv‡b hvq| shumawno dokane jai. 4. i“wU, `yB †evZj cvwb, Avi GK wK‡jv Avg wKb‡Z Pvq| ruTi, dui botol pani, ar aek kilo am kinte cai 5. bv, Dwb eB-Gi ‡`vKv‡b ‡µwWU Kv‡W© w`‡Z cv‡i bv| na, uni boi-er dokane credit carde dite pare na. End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. E. Where do you buy fish and potatoes? F. Do you take credit cards? No, we take cash. G. I buy clothes for my sister in the clothing store. H. How much is a loaf of bread? - $15. A. Avcwb gvQ Avi Avjy †Kv_vq wK‡bb? apni mach ar alu kothai kinen?

B. Avcwb wK †µwWU KvW© †bb? bv, Avgiv bM` ‡bB| apni ki credit card nen? na, amra nawgod nei.

C. Avwg Avgvi †ev‡bi Rb¨ Kvc‡oi †`vKv‡b Kvco wKwb| ami amar boner jonno kaporer dokane kapor kini.

D. GKUv i“wUi `vg KZ/ KZ `vg?- $ 15| aekta ruTir dam kawto / kawto dam?- 15 Taka.

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Lesson 8 Eating Out

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

evB‡i LvIqv

baire khawa

This lesson will introduce you to: - Eating out in a restaurant in Bangladesh - Various menu items - How to order menu items - Different table service items.

“Eating Out” has recently developed in Bangladesh. Fast foods, restaurants, bakeries have sprouted in Dhaka and Chittagong in the last ten or fifteen years. However, the most popular restaurant is still Chinese, where the menu is in English and the waiters understand it. Another popular takeout is nan-kabab, tandoor bread-chicken/ meat. Thus, restaurants with indigenous food, like rice, lentils, fish, or biriyani, where families might eat out, are still rare. However, a traditional menu available throughout the country, but mostly accessible to men, is given at the beginning of this lesson to introduce the vocabulary. For the sake of continuity, the family outing in the end task takes place in this restaurant, which is still somewhat unrealistic as families would not go to such places. A family interaction in a Chinese restaurant would have been realistic, but not very useful, as the menu items there have English names, such as “soup,” “beef with chili,” “fried chicken,” “mixed vegetables,” and so forth.

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1. Look at the restaurant menu below. Repeat the words after the speaker, and follow along in the workbook. Small World Restaurant (Ashulia Restaurant) Rice

$5

fvZ

$5

bhat Beef

5 Tk* $ 40

gvsm mangsho Fish

$ 40

40 Tk $ 50

gvQ

$ 50

mach Chicken

50 Tk $ 40

gyiMx

$ 40

murgi Vegetables

40 Tk $ 10

meRx

$ 10

shobji Spicy Rice with Mutton

10 Tk $ 50

wewiqvwb

$ 50

biriyani Lentils

50 Tk $ 10

Wvj

$ 10

dal Salad

10 Tk $ 10

mvjv`

$ 10

salad Dessert wgwó mishTi Coke/7-up/Sprite

10 Tk $ 20 $ 20 20 Tk $ 10

‡KvK/†m‡fb Avc/¯cÖvBU

$ 10

coke/7-up/sprite Yoghurt Drink

10 Tk $ 10

‡evinvwb

$ 10

borhani Tea

10 Tk $5

Pv ca Mineral Water

wg‡bivj IqvUvi mineral water

$5

5 Tk $ 10

$ 10

10 Tk 125

* Tk stands for Taka 2. Imagine that you have 200.00 taka. What would you order at the “Small World Restaurant”? 3. Read the following dialogue between a waiter and a patron. Make up similar dialogues using the words and word combinations that are in the box. A. Excuse me, waiter. B. Yes, please. A. I want a cup of coffee. B. Sorry, sir. We do not have coffee, but we have tea.

GB †h fvB| wR|* GK Kvc Kwd PvB| `y:wLZ| Avgv‡`i Kwd bvB, wKš‘ Pv Av‡Q|

ei je bhai. jee. aek cup coffee caii. dukkhito. amader coffee nai, kintu ca ache.

* Bangla does not have a word for “please.” It is reflected in the intonation or by adding the word “ekTu”/ “a little bit,” which softens the meaning; e.g. ami ekTu jete pari? / Can I please go?

1. GK Kvc Kwd - Pv 2. GK M−vm `ya- Pv/Kwd 3. GK M−vm ‡jeyi kieZ - Kgjvi im 4. gvQ Avi fvZ - gyiMx Avi Avjy fvwR

aek cup coffee – ca aek glass dudh – ca/coffee aek glass lebur shawrbot – kawmolar rawsh mach ar bhat – murgi ar alu bhaji

4. Listen to the following dialogue that takes place at a restaurant. Follow along in your workbook. Pay attention to the new words. Role-play the dialogue. You can substitute the highlighted words with any food from the “Small World Restaurant” menu. A. Yes, what do you want to eat? wR, Kx Lv‡eb*? jee, ki khaben? B. What do you recommend? ‡KvbUv fvj? konTa bhalo? A. We have wonderful chicken roast and spicy rice with mutton. It is delicious. Avgv‡`i Lye fvj gyiMxi †iv÷ Avi wewiqvwb Av‡Q| Lyye fvj|amader khub bhalo murgir roast ar biriyani ache. oTa khub bhalo. B. Very well. Chicken roast and spicy rice with mutton, please. Lye fvj| GKUz gyiMxi †iv÷ Avi wewiqvwb ‡`b| khub bhalo. ekTu murgir roast ar biriyani den. A. What do you want to drink? ? Kx wWªsK*? ki drink? B. A cup of tea with sugar and lemon. Pv mv‡_ wPwb Avi †jey| shathe cini ar lebu.

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A. Any dessert? ‡Kvb wgwó? kono mishTi? B. Yes, I want some rice pudding. nu¨v, wdiwb| hae, phirni. A. Here is your bill, sir. Avcbvi wejUv, m¨vi| apnar billTa, sir. B. Can I pay with a credit card? ‡µwWU Kv‡W© w`‡Z cvwi? credit carde dite pari. A. Sorry, we don’t take credit cards. `ytwLZ, Avgiv †µwWU KvW© †bB bv| dukkhito, amra credit card nei na. * “Khaben” is the future tense of “kha-” i.e., “drink” or “eat”. The same verb “kha-” is used to express “to eat” and “to drink”. #“caii”— “want” is omitted here as it sounds slightly rude. Ideally, Bengalis would say, “hae ektu phirni den.” / “Yes, (please) give me some phirni.”

Present tense I drink You drink S/ He drinks We drink You drink They drink

Avwg LvB Avcwb Lvb Zzwg LvI Dwb Lvb I Lvq Avgiv LvB Avcbviv Lvb ‡Zvgiv LvI Ibviv Lvb Iiv Lvq

Past Tense ami khaii apni khan tumi khao uni khan o khai amra khaii apnara khan tomra khao onara khan ora khai

Avwg ‡Ljvg Avcwb ‡L‡jb Zzwg ‡L‡j S/ He drank Dwb ‡L‡jb I ‡Lj We drank Avgiv ‡Ljvg You drank Avcbviv ‡L‡jb ‡Zvgiv ‡L‡j They drank Ibviv ‡L‡jb Iiv ‡Lj I drank You drank

ami khelam apni khelen tumi khele uni khelen o khelo amra khelam apnara khelen tomra khele onara khelen ora khelo

5. Using the restaurant menu above, tell your classmates in Bangla what you ate and drank at a restaurant the last time you were there. Model:

MZ iweivi Avwg †i‡¯Ívivq wQjvg| Avwg Avjy fvwR, gyiMx, Avi fvZ †Ljvg| Avwg Pv †Ljvg| gawto robibar ami restorai chilam. ami alu bhaji, murgi, ar bhat khelam. ami ca khelam.

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6. Create a question to the answers below. Check your work with the answer key. 1. _______________________?

1. MZ iweivi Avwg †i‡¯Ívivq wQjvg| gawto robibar ami restorai chilam. 2. ___________________________?

2. nu¨v, Avwg Avi Avgvi fvB wQjvg| ami ar amar bhai chilam. 3. ____________________________? 3. I fvZ Avi gvsm †Lj| o bhat ar mangsho khelo. 4. ____________________________? 4. I Pv †Lj| o ca khelo. 5. ____________________________?

5. Avwg gyiMx Avi Avjy fvwR †Ljvg| ami murgi ar alu bhaji khelam. 6. ____________________________? 6. Avwg Kwd †Ljvg| ami coffee khelam.

*This is not idiomatic in Bangla. Bengalis ask whether a person has drunk a specific item or not; e.g., coke khelen?

7. Below are some table service items.* Listen and repeat after the speaker.

Plate

Bowl

Cup

Glass

‡c−BU

evwU

Kvc

M−vm

plate

baTi

cup

glass

Knife

Fork

Spoon

Napkin

Qywo

KvUv

PvgyP

b¨vcwKb

churi

kaTa

camuc

napkin

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* Bengalis use their fingers to eat at home and “small world” restaurants. 8. Match the English words in the left column with the Bangla equivalents in the right column. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Plate Bowl Cup Glass Knife Fork Spoon Napkin

A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H.

PvgyP/ camuc M−vm/ glass Qywo/ churi KvUv/ kaTa evwU / baTi c−BU/ plate b¨vcwKb/ napkin Kvc/ cup

9. Using the following model, compose similar sentences using the words below.

Model:

1. napkin 2. cup 3. fork 4. knife 5. glass

A. Avgvi PvgyP bvB| GKUv PvgyP ‡c‡Z* cvwi? amar camuc nai. aekta camuc pete pari? B. wR, wbðqB| GB †h| jee, nishcoi. ei je.

b¨vcwKb Kvc KvUv Qywo M−vm

napkin cup kaTa churi glass

* “pete” is the infinitive form of “pa-”/ “get.” Thus, “Can I have a spoon?” is “Can I get a spoon?” in Bangla. The verb “ach-”/ “have” is not used with “can” in the simple present.

10. Listen to the speaker and circle the words you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. I want a glass of milk / juice. 2. We drank orange juice / lemonade at a restaurant. 3. Did you eat salad / rice? 4. They ate fried potatoes and chicken / fish. 5. She had soup and hamburger / salad and beef. 6. Can I have a knife / fork? 7. He does not have a glass / plate.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Tell in Bangla what you usually eat and drink for breakfast / lunch / dinner. 2. Tell in Bangla what you ate and drank at a restaurant the last time you were there. 3. Pretend that you are at a restaurant now. What would you say in Bangla if you wanted to eat salad and fried potatoes? You also want a cup of coffee, and you need a fork and a napkin. What would you say in Bangla if you do not know what to choose? Your classmate is a waiter. Role-play the dialogue. Work in pairs or in small groups. 4. Read and translate the following text in Bangla. Answer the following questions. Check your answers with the answer key. * Bangla does not have a word for “dessert.” It is referred to as “mishti”/ “sweets”; e.g. Did you eat dessert? = apni ki misti khelen?

MZ kyµevi Kv‡Ri c‡i, Avgvi fvB, Avgv‡`i gv-evev, Avi Avwg ÓAvïwjqv †i‡¯ÍvivqÓ †Mjvg| IUv e¨vs‡Ki Dëvw`‡K GKUv †QvU †i‡¯Íviv| GKRb †eqviv Avgv‡`i gyiMxi †iv÷, wewiqvwb, Avi mvjv` †L‡Z ejj| Avgvi fvB gvsm Avi Avjy †Lj; I Pv †Lj, mv‡_ wPwb Avi †jey| Avgvi gv fvZ Avi mewR †L‡jb| mv‡_ ‡jeyi kieZ †L‡jb| AvBm wµg †L‡jb| Avgvi evev gvsm, Avjy fvwR, Avi mewR †L‡jb| GKUz wdiwb Avi Pv †L‡jb| Avwg gyiMx Avi wewiqvwb †Ljvg| Lye gRv wQj! Lye PgrKvi GKUv mܨv wQj| gawto shukrobar kajer pawre, amar bhai, amader ma-baba, ar ami “Ashulia restorai” gaelam. oTa banker ulTadike aekTa choTo restora. aekjon beara amader murgir roast, biriyani, ar salad khete bollo. amar bhai mangsho ar alu khelo; o ca khelo, shathe cini ar lebu. amar ma bhat ar shobji khelen. shathe lebur shawrbot khelen. ice cream khelen. amar baba mangsho, alu bhaji, ar shobji khelen. phirni ar ca khelen. ami murgi ar biriyani khelam. khub mawja chilo! khub cawmotkar aekTa shondha chilo.

1. 2. 3. 4.

cwieviUv KLb †i‡¯Ívivq †Mj? ‡i‡¯ÍvivUv †Kv_vq? ‡eqviv Kx †L‡Z ejj? Avgvi fvB Kx †Lj? 5. I wK Pv †Lj? 6. Avgvi gv wK fvZ Avi meRx †L‡jb? 7. Dwb wK ‡jeyi kieZ bv Kgjvi im †L‡jb? 8. Dwb wK wdiwb †L‡jb? 9. Avgvi evev Kx †L‡jb? 10. Kx gRv wQj? 130

poribarTa kawkhon restorai gaelo? restoraTa kothai? beara ki khete bollo? amar bhai ki khelo? o ki ca khelo? amar ma ki bhat ar shobji khelen? uni ki lebur shawrbot na kawmolar rawsh khelen? uni ki phirni khelen? amar baba ki khelen? ki mawja chilo?

Vocabulary List Lemonade Bowl Rice pudding Coffee Cup Fork Fried Glass Knife Napkin Orange juice Piece Plate Salad Spoon Tea Beef Here you are To Drink / drank To eat /ate Recommend Wonderful Delicious Very well Lemon Dessert Bill Wine Beer

lebur shawrbot baTi phirni coffee cup kaTa bhaja glass churi napkin kawmolar rawsh Tukra plate salad camuc ca mangsho ei je apni khaii/ khelam khaii/ khelam bollo cawmotkar mawja khub bhalo lebu mishTi bill

‡jeyi kieZ evwU wdiwb Kwd Kvc KvUv fvRv* M−vm Qywo b¨vcwKb Kgjvi im UzKiv ‡c−BU mvjv` PvgyP Pv gvsm GB ‡h Avcwb LvB / †Ljvg LvB / †Ljvg ejj PgrKvi gRv+ Lye fvj ‡jey wgwó wej

alcohol/ “maud”is not available in public places in Bangladesh. Generally, drinking is frowned upon. * bhaja is fried; e.g fried fish / mach bhaja. Bhaji is also fried, but refers to vegetables, and potatoes. # Bangla does not have a word for “please.” It is reflected in the intonation of the speaker or by adding the word “ekTu”/ “a little bit,” which softens the meaning; e.g. ami ekTu jete pari? / Can I please go? + “mawja” is also “fun.” The meaning depends on the context.

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Answer Key 6.

7. MZ iweivi Avwg †i‡¯Ívivq wQjvg| gawto robibar ami restorai chilam. 8. nu¨v, Avwg Avi Avgvi fvB wQjvg| ami ar amar bhai chilam. 9. I fvZ Avi gvsm †Lj| o bhat ar mangsho khelo. 10. I Pv †Lj| o ca khelo. 11. Avwg gyiMx Avi Avjy fvwR †Ljvg| ami murgi ar alu bhaji khelam. 12. Avwg Kwd †Ljvg| ami coffee khelam. 1. MZ iweivi Avcwb †Kv_vq wQ‡jb? gawto robibar apni kothai chilen? 2. Avcwb Avi Avcbvi fvB wQ‡jb? apni ar apnar bhai chilen? 3. Dwb Kx †L‡jb? uni ki khelen? 4. Kx wWªsK †L‡jb? ki drink khelen? 5. Avcwb Kx †L†jb? apni ki khelen? 6. Kx wWªsK †L‡jb? ki drink khelen? 8. 1. F 2. E 3. H 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. G 10.

Avwg GK M−vm `ya PvB|/ ami aek glass dudh/ rawsh caii. Avgiv ‡i‡ ‡jeyi kieZ †Ljvg|/ amra restorai lebur shawrbot khelam. Avcbviv wK fvZ †L‡jb? / apnara ki bhat khelen? Ibviv Avjy fvwR Avi gvQ †L‡jb|/onara alu bhaji ar murgi khelen. Dwb mvjv` Avi gvsm †L‡jb|/ uni salad ar mangsho khelen. Avwg wK GKUv Qywo †c‡Z cvwi? /ami ki aekta churi pete pari? Ibvi M−vm bvB|/ onar glass nai. 132

1. milk 2. lemonade 3. rice 4. fish 5. salad and beef 6. knife 7. glass End-of-Lesson Tasks 4. Last Friday after work, my brother, our parents and I went to the restaurant “Small World”/ “Ashulia Restaurant”. It’s a small restaurant across from the bank. A waiter recommended us to have chicken roast, spicy rice with mutton, and salad. My brother ate beef and potatoes; he drank tea with sugar and lemon. My mother ate rice and vegetables. She drank lemonade. For dessert* she had ice cream. My father ate beef, fried potatoes, and vegetables. He ate some rice pudding for dessert and drank tea. I ate chicken and spicy rice with mutton. It was delicious! We had a wonderful evening. 1. When did the family go to the restaurant? 2. Where is the restaurant? 3. What did the waiter recommend? 4. What did my brother eat? 5. Did he drink tea? 6. Did my mother eat rice and vegetables? 7. Did she drink lemonade or orange juice? 8. Did she eat some rice pudding for dessert? 9. What did my father eat? 10. What was delicious?

1. cwieviUv MZ ïµev‡i †i‡¯Ívivq †Mj| 2. ‡i‡¯ÍvivUv e¨vs‡Ki Dëvw`‡K| 3. ‡eqviv gyiMxi †iv÷, wewiqvwb, Avi mvjv` †L‡Z ejj| 4. Avgvi fvB gvsm Avi Avjy †Lj| 5. nu¨v, I Pv †Lj| 6. nu¨v, Avgvi gv fvZ Avi meRx †L‡jb| 7. Dwb ‡jeyi kieZ †L‡jb| 8. bv, Dwb AvBm µxg †L‡jb| 9. Avgvi evev gvsm, Avjy fvwR, Avi mewR †L‡jb| 10. gyiwM Avi wewiqvwb gRv wQj|

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poribarTa gawto shukrobar restorai gaelo. restoraTa banker ulTadike. beara murgir roast, biriyani, ar salad khete bollo. amar bhai mangsho ar alu khelo. hae, o ca khelo. hae, amar ma bhat ar shobji khelen. uni lebur shawrbot khelen. na, uni ice cream khelen? amar baba mangsho, alu bhaji, ar shobji khelen murgi ar biriyani mawja chilo.

Lesson 9 Holidays, Customs, and Cultural Traditions

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

QywU, cÖ_v, Avi mvs¯‹…wZK HwZn¨

chuTi, protha, ar shangskritik oitijjho

This lesson will introduce you to: - How to read dates - How to use ordinal numbers - Names of the months - Holidays, customs, and cultural traditions of Bangladesh.

Celebration of Bengali New Year Pahela Baishakh Major religious holidays for the major religions are national holidays in Bangladesh. In 1998, 83% of the population was Muslim and 16% was Hindu (CIA Fact Book). Eid-ul Fitr and Eid-ul Azha are the two major holidays for Muslims, but there are also several other holidays for them. The Hindu Durga Puja, Buddhist Boudhha Purnima, and Christmas are all national holidays. The two most important festivals when all Bengalis unite are Language Day, 21st February, and the Bengali New Year, 14th April. Language Day begins at dawn as a solemn procession with people laying wreaths and flowers at Shaheed Minar, the memorial built for the martyrs who died to establish Bangla, the language of the majority, as a state language of Pakistan. February 21 has since then been declared as the International Mother Language Day by UNSECO. The festivities of the Bengali New Year begin at the crack of dawn with concerts, cultural activities and book fairs throughout the country, and the main concert is held under a giant banyan tree in the largest park in Dhaka, Ramna Park. Independence Day is on March 26th, and Victory Day is on December16th, when parts of the capital are illuminated. These holidays may have quite an impact in the cities and larger towns, but in the rural areas the villagers mainly celebrate the religious holidays and work during the others. There are two ways to express ordinal numbers in Bangla: (1) One is used in general; and (2) the other is used for the days of the month. (1) (2) 1. first prothom pawyla 2. second ditiyo doshora

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1. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Follow along in the workbook. 1 one the first 2 two the second 3 three the third 4 four the fourth 5 five the fifth 6 six the sixth 7 seven the seventh 8 eight the eighth 9 nine the ninth 10 ten the tenth

GK cqjv `yB ‡`vmiv wZb ‡Zmiv Pvi ‡PŠVv cuvP cuvPB Qq QqB mvZ mvZB AvU AvUB bq bqB `k `kB

aek pawyla dui doshora tin teshora car couTha pac pacoi chawy chawyi shat shati aT aTi nawy nawyi dawsh dawshi

2. Fill in the blanks to complete the sentences. Use the words located in the box. Check your answers with the answer key.

cÂg

wØZxq

pawncom ditiyo

cÖ_g

lô

Z…Zxq

mßg

PZz_©

mßg

prothom shawshTho tritiyo shawptom coturtho shawptom

1. ‡mvgevi mßv‡ni___________________ w`b| shombar shawptaher ___________________din. 2. g½jevi mßv‡ni ___________________ w`b| mongolbar shawptaher ___________________din. 3. eyaevi mßv‡ni ___________________ w`b| budhbar shawptaher ___________________ din.

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4. e„n¯úwZevi mßv‡ni ___________________ w`b| brihoshpotibar shawptaher ___________________ din. 5. kyµevi mßv‡ni ___________________ w`b| shukrobar shawptaher ___________________ din. 6. kwbevi mßv‡ni ___________________ w`b| shonibar shawptaher ___________________din. 7. iweevi mßv‡ni ___________________w`b| robibar shawptaher ___________________din.

3. Listen and repeat after the speaker the ordinal numbers 11 through 20. Follow along in the workbook. 11 eleven the eleventh 12 twelve the twelfth 13 thirteen the thirteenth 14 fourteen the fourteenth 15 fifteen the fifteenth 16 sixteen the sixteenth 17 seventeen the seventeenth 18 eighteen the eighteenth 19 nineteen the nineteenth 20 twenty the twentieth

11 GMvi GMviB 12 evi eviB 13 ‡Zi ‡ZiB 14 ‡PŠÏ ‡PŠÏB 15 c‡bi c‡biB 16 ‡lvj ‡lvjB 17 m‡Zi m‡ZiB 18 AvVvi AvVviB 19 Dwbk Dwb‡k 20 wek we‡k

aegaro aegaroi baro baroi taero taeroi coddo coddoi ponero poneroi sholo sholoi shotero shoteroi aTharo aTharoi unish unishe bish bishe

4. Read the following ordinal numbers in Bangla. 11th, 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, 12th, 14th, 16th, 18th, 20th.

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5. Listen and repeat after the speaker the ordinal numbers 21-30. 21 twenty-one the twenty-first 22 twenty-two the twenty-second 23 twenty-three the twenty-third 24 twenty-four the twenty-fourth 25 twenty-five the twenty-fifth 26 twenty-six the twenty-sixth 27 twenty-seven the twenty-seventh 28 twenty-eight the twenty-eighth 29 twenty-nine the twenty-ninth 30 thirty the thirtieth

GKyk GKy‡k evBk evB‡k ‡ZBk ‡ZB‡k PweŸk PweŸ‡k cuwPk cuwP‡k QvweŸk QvweŸ‡k mvZvk mvZv‡k AvVvk AvVv‡k EbwÎk Ebw·k wZwik wZwi‡k

ekush ekushe baiish baiishe teish teishe cobbish cobbishe pocish pocishe chabbish chabbishe shatash shatashe aThash aThashe unotrish untrishe tirish tirishe

6. Listen to the names of the months and repeat after the speaker.

January February March April May June July August September October November December

january february march april may june july august september october november december

Rvbyqvix ‡deª“qvix gvP© GwcÖj ‡g Ryb RyjvB AvMó ‡m‡Þ¤^i A‡±vei b‡f¤^i wW‡m¤^i 137

7. Look at the picture and say the dates and days of the week in Bangla. Model: Today is the 23rd of May, 2001. It is Tuesday.

AvR‡K 23†k †g, 2001. AvR‡K g½jevi| ajke teishe may, dui hajar aek. ajke mongolbar.

8. Listen and repeat after the speaker the names of holidays in Bangladesh. Follow along in the workbook. 1. Christmas – the 25th of December 2. Independence Day – the 26th of March 3. New year’s Day – the 14th of April. 1. eow`b - 25†k wW‡m¤^i bawrodin - pocishe december 2. ¯^vaxbZv w`em - 26†k gvP© shadhinawta dibawsh – chabbishe march 3. beel© - 14B GwcÖj nawbobawrsho – coddoi april

9. Listen as the speaker reads the following years. Repeat after the speaker. Reading years in Bangla is similar to reading them in English. The years 1100-1900 are said using the word “hundred”; e.g., 1230 = “barosho tirish” = “twelve hundred thirty.” The years with three zeros, e.g., 1000, and 2000, are said using the word “thousand”; e.g., 1000 = “aek hajar” = “one thousand,” and “dui hajar” = “two thousand.”

1925-nineteen twenty-five 1900-nineteen hundred 2004-two thousand four

unishsho pocish unishsho dui hajar car

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Dwbk&k cuwPk Dwbk&k `yB nvRvi Pvi

10. Read the following years in Bangla. To tell a date, the sequence dd/mm/year, is followed, e.g., 12/03/90 is 12th March, 1990. 2001,

1987,

`yB nvRvi GK,

1960,

Ewbk&k mvZvwk,

Ewbk&k lvU,

1945,

Ewbk&k cuqZvwj−k,

dui hajar aek, unishsho shatashi, unishsho shaT, unishsho pawytallish 2000, 1700, 1516

`yB nvRvi,

m‡Zik,

c‡bik

dui hajar,

shoterosho,

ponerosho

11. Listen to the speakers tell about their dates of birth. Follow along in the workbook.

1. When were you born?

2. When were you born?

3. When were you born?

‡Zvgvi K‡e Rb¥ ? *

‡Zvgvi K‡e Rb¥ ?

‡Zvgvi K‡e Rb¥ ?

tomar kawbe jawnmo? jawnmo?

tomar kawbe jawnmo?

tomar kawbe

I was born on the 11th of June, 1936.

I was born on the 31st of July, 1960.

I was born on the 23rd of January, 1987.

Avgvi 11B Ryb 1936-G Rb¥|

Avgvi 31†k RyjvB 1960-G Rb¥|

Avgvi 23†k Rvbyqvix 1987-†Z Rb¥|

amar aegaroi june january 1936- e jawnmo.

amar ektrishe july

amar teishe

1960- e jawnmo.

1987- te jawnmo.

*Bangla distinguishes between “when” as in “what time”/ “kawkhon”, and “when” as in “what day/week/year”/ “kawbe.” The ordinary 2nd person “tomar” is used, as it is inappropriate to ask the age of someone older.

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12. Work in pairs or in small groups. Ask your partner when he was born. Use the model below. Model: A. Avgvi 15B ‡deª“qvix, 1982 †Z Rb¥| ‡Zvgvi K‡e Rb¥? amar poneroi february 1982- te jawnmo. tomar kawbe jawnmo? B. Avgvi 4Vv †m‡Þ¤^i, 1979 G Rb¥| amar couTha september 1979- e jawnmo.

13. Look at the picture below and imagine that this is your family. Describe each member. Use the model below. You can use real pictures of your family. Model: GUv Avgvi fvB| Ii bvg...Ii... eQi| Ii Rb¥ ... , 19... eTa amar bhai. or nam… or … bawchor. or jawnmo…, unish….

14. Read and translate the following text into English. Answer the questions below.

Avgvi bvg ivwRe| Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki| Avwg Lyjbvq _vwK| Avgvi eo cwievi: Avgvi ¯¿x, amar nam rajib. ami bangladesher. ami khulnai thaki. amar bawro poribar: amar stri,

†Q‡j‡g‡q, Avi gv-evev Av‡Q| Avgiv GKUv eo evwo‡Z _vwK| Avgvi ¯¿xi 30 eQi| Ii chelemey, ar ma-baba ache. amra aekta bawro barite thaki. amar strir 30 bawchor. or

23/11/1970*-G Rb¥| I GKRb Wv³vi Avi nvmcvZv‡j KvR K‡i| Avgvi †Q‡j‡g‡q ¯‹z‡j 23/11/1970-e jawnmo. o aekjon daktar ar hashpatale kaj kawre. amar chelemey schoole

c‡o| Avgvi †g‡qi Rb¥ 26†k GwcÖj, 1992| Avgvi †Q‡ji 8 eQi| Ii Rb¥ 1jv †g, 1996| pawre. amar meyr jawnmo 26th april, 1992. amar cheler 8 bawchor. or jawnmo 1st may, 1996.

Avgvi Av¤§vi A‡bK eqm|Dwb 78| Ibvi Rb¥ 22†k b‡f¤^i, 1926| Avgvi AveŸv 79| Ibvi Rb¥ amar ammar awnek bawysh. uni 78. onar jawnmo 22nd November, 1926. amar abba79. onar jawnmo

25†k AvMó, 1925| Ibviv KvR K‡ib bv| Ibviv eB c‡ob, wU.wf. †`‡Lb, ev Avgv‡`i 25th august, 1925. onara kaj kawren na. onara boi pawren, T.V. daekhen, ba amader

†Q‡j‡g‡qi mv‡_ †L‡jb| Avgvi PgrKvi cwievi| chelemeyr shathe khaelen. amar cawmotkar poribar. 140

* The date is written with the day first, the month and the year last. 1. cwieviUv †Kv_vq _v‡K? poribarTa kothai thake? 2. ¯¿xi eqm KZ? strir bawysh kawto? 3. Ibvi K‡e Rb¥ ? onar kawbe jawnmo? 4. Dwb Kx K‡ib? uni ki kawren? 5. Dwb †Kv_vq KvR K‡ib? uni kothai kaj kawren? 6. ivwR‡ei KqRb †Q‡j‡g‡q? rajiber kawyjon chelemey? 7. †Q‡ji eqm KZ? †Q‡ji K‡e Rb¥? cheler bawysh kawto? cheler kawbe jawnmo? 8. ‡g‡qi eqm KZ? meyr bawysh kawto? 9. Ii K‡e Rb¥? or kawbe jawnmo? 10. `v`xi eqm KZ? dadir bawysh kawto? 11. Ibvi K‡e Rb¥? onar kawbe jawnmo? 12. `v`vi eqm KZ? dadar bawysh kawto? 13. Ibvi K‡e Rb¥? onar kawbe jawnmo? 14. `v`v-`v`x Kx K‡ib? dada-dadi ki kawren?

A key element in Bengali society is the sense of community that encompasses all occasions, in celebration and in mourning. Since the family, relatives, and eating together are an essential part of Bengali culture, all celebrations center around a sumptuous meal. These occasions are extended and no one pays heed to time as the perception of time is very different from that in the West. Thus, punctuality is not a part of Bengali etiquette or culture. Guests typically bring sweets for the host, and could even be late by an hour without creating much anguish. Birthdays amongst the children of the middle and higher income families follow the Western pattern with gifts, cakes, etc. In the rest of the country, birthdays are not paid attention to, and until the last 50 years, they were not even properly recorded. 141

Marriages are usually arranged by the family, and weddings are long, drawn-out, expensive affairs for the affluent and the middle class in cities and villages. Two to three stages of events culminate in the actual wedding ceremony. Even poor families try to host a wedding ceremony to bless the bride and groom. When death befalls a family, all relatives, immediate and distant, and friends join in the mourning. Upon dying, Muslims are soon buried after being bathed, and after a special prayer called the Zanaza prayer is said. As for the Hindus, the dead are cremated in a funeral pyre.

15. Listen to the following conversation between two people. Repeat after the speakers. Follow along in the workbook. Answer the questions that follow. Check your work with the Answer Key. A.

Kx Lei, dwi`? 14B GwcÖj bee‡l©i QywU‡Z Avgvi evwo‡Z Avcbvi `vIqvZ| Avcwb Av‡mb Avi Avgvi cwiev‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv K‡ib| ki khawbor, forid? 14th April nawbobawrsher chuTite amar barite apnar dawat. apni ashen ar amar poribarer shathe daekha kawren.

ab¨vev`, gywbi| KLb? dhonnobad, munir. kawkhon?

`ycy‡i| dupure.

Avcbvi wVKvbv? apnar thikana?

105, B¯‹vUb †ivW| 105, iskaton Road.

ILv‡b Kxfv‡e hvq? okhane kibhabe jai?

wgicyi iv¯Ívq †mvRv hvb| B¯‹vUb †iv‡W evg w`‡K hvb| Zvici Wvb w`‡K hvb| Avgvi evwo iv¯Ívi Wvb w`‡K wZb b¤^i evwo| mirpur rastai shoja jan. iskaton roade bamdike jan. tarpor dan dike jan. amar bari rastar dan dike tin number bari.

Avwg wKQy Avb‡Z cvwi? ami kichu ante pari?

142

bv, wKQy bv| na, kichu na. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

What is the occasion for the invitation? What is the date? What time should he arrive? What is the address? What directions is he given to get there? What should he bring?

16. Work with a partner. Invite him/her to your house to celebrate a holiday. Give him/her directions to get to your house. Use the dialogue above as a model.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Tell in Bangla the date when: -

you were born; you graduated from high school; your wedding was; your child was born; you enrolled in the service.

2. Give the names of holidays in Bangladesh and tell when they are celebrated (in Bangla).

3. Invite your roommate to a Christmas party and give him/her directions to get there.

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Vocabulary List The first The second The third The fourth The fifth The sixth The seventh The eighth The ninth The tenth The eleventh The twelfth The thirteenth The fourteenth The fifteenth The sixteenth The seventeenth The eighteenth The nineteenth The twentieth The twenty-first The twenty-second The twenty-third The twenty-fourth The twenty-fifth The twenty-sixth The twenty-seventh The twenty-eighth The twenty-ninth January February March April May June July August

pawyla/prothom doshora/ditiyo teshora/tritiyo couTha/coturtho pacoi/pawncom chawi/shawshTho shatoi/shawptom aToi/awshTom nawi/nawbom dawshi/dawshom aegaroi baroi taeroi coddoi poneroi sholoi shoteroi aTharoi unishe bishe ekushe baishe teishe cobbishe pocishe chabbishe shatashe aThashe unitrishe january february march april may june july august

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cqjv/ cÖ_g †`vmiv/ wØZxq †Zmiv/ Z…Zxq †PŠVv/ PZz_© cuvPB/ cÂg QqB/ lô mvZB/ mßg AvUB/ Aóg bqB/ beg `kB/ `kg* GMviB eviB ‡ZiB ‡PŠÏB c‡biB ‡lvjB m‡ZiB AvVviB Ewb‡k we‡k GKz‡k evB‡k ‡ZB‡k PweŸ‡k cuwP‡k QvweŸ‡k mvZv‡k AvVv‡k Ebw·k Rvbyqvix ‡deª“qvix gvP© GwcÖj ‡g Ryb RyjvB AvMó

September October November December Born Invite Invitation Address Drive (go) Along (on) Turn right/left Come over visit Birthday Birthday party Wedding Funeral Bring I want to invite you … List of holidays in Bangladesh 21st February – Language Day

september october november December jawnmo dawat de-/ dakte cadawat Thikana calan/jan -e Dane/bame jan ashen daekha kawrjawnmodin jawnmodiner dawat biye dafon anami apnake Dakte ca-… bangladeshe chuTir talika ekushe february – bhasha dibawsh 26th March – Independence Day chabbishe march – shadhinawta dibawsh th 14 April – New Year’s Day coddoi april nawbobawrsho 1st May – Labor Day pawyla may – may dibawsh th 16 December – Victory Day sholoi December – bijoy dibawsh Eid ul- Fitr eid-ul fitr Eid ul-Azha eid-ul azha Muharram moharram Shab-e-Barat shabebarat Durga Puja durga puja Janmastomi jawnmashTomi Bouddha Purnima bouddho purnima Christmas bawrodin

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‡m‡Þ¤^i A‡±vei b‡f¤^i wW‡m¤^i Rb¥ `vIqvZ †`- / WvK‡Z Pv`vIqvZ wVKvbv Pvjvb/ hvb -G/ -q Wv‡b/ ev‡g hvb Av‡mb ‡`Lv KiRb¥w`b Rb¥w`‡bi `vIqvZ we‡q `vdb AvbAvwg Avcbv‡K WvK‡Z Pvevsjv‡`‡k QywUi ZvwjKv 21 †k †deª“qvix - fvlv w`em 26 †k gvP©- ¯^vaxbZv w`em 14 B GwcÖj - beel© 1jv †g - †g w`em 16B wW‡m¤^i - weRq w`em C`- Dj wdZ&i C`- Dj AvR&nv ‡gvnvi&ig k‡eeivZ `yM©v c~Rv Rb¥vógx ‡eŠ× c~wY©gv eow`b

Answer Key 2.

cÂg

wØZxq

pawncom ditiyo

cÖ_g

lô

Z…Zxq

mßg

PZz_©

mßg

prothom shawshTho tritiyo shawptom coturtho shawptom

1. ‡mvgevi mßv‡ni cÖ_g w`b| shombar shawptaher prothom din. 2. g½jevi mßv‡ni wØZxq w`b| mongolbar shawptaher ditiyo din. 3. eyaevi mßv‡ni Z…Zxq w`b| budhbar shawptaher tritiyo din. 4. e„n¯úwZevi mßv‡ni PZz_© w`b| brihoshpotibar shawptaher coturtho din. 5. kyµevi mßv‡ni cÂg w`b| shukrobar shawptaher pawncom din. 6. kwbevi mßv‡ni lô `b| shonibar shawptaher shawshTho din. 7. iweevi mßv‡ni mßg w`b| robibar shawptaher shawptom din.

1. Monday is the first day of the week. 2. Tuesday is the second day of the week. 3. Wednesday is the third day of the week. 4. Thursday is the fourth day of the week. 5. Friday is the fifth day of the week. 6. Saturday is the sixth day of the week. 7. Sunday is the seventh day of the week. 14. My name is Rajib. I am from Bangladesh. I live in Thaki. I have a big family: a wife, two children, and my parents. We live in a big house. My wife is 30. She was born on 11/23/1970. She is a doctor and works at the hospital. My children are students. They study at school. My daughter was born on the 26th of April, 1992. My son is 8 years old. He was born on the 1st of May, 1996. My mother is very old. She is 78. She was born on the 22nd of November, 1926. My father is 79. He was born on the 25th of August, 147

1925. They do not work. They read books, watch television, or play with our children. I have a wonderful family.

Avgvi bvg ivwRe| Avwg evsjv‡`‡ki| Avwg Lyjbvq _vwK| Avgvi eo cwievi: Avgvi ¯¿x, amar nam rajib. ami bangladesher. ami khulnai thaki. amar bawro poribar: amar stri,

†Q‡j‡g‡q, Avi gv-evev Av‡Q| Avgiv GKUv eo evwo‡Z _vwK| Avgvi ¯¿xi 30 eQi| Ii chelemey, ar ma-baba ache. amra aekta bawro barite thaki. amar strir 30 bawchor. or

23/11/1970*-G Rb¥| I GKRb Wv³vi Avi nvmcvZv‡j KvR K‡i| Avgvi †Q‡j‡g‡q ¯‹z‡j 23/11/1970-e jawnmo. o aekjon daktar ar hashpatale kaj kawre. amar chelemey schoole

c‡o| Avgvi †g‡qi Rb¥ 26†k GwcÖj, 1992| Avgvi †Q‡ji 8 eQi| Ii Rb¥ 1jv †g, 1996| pawre. amar meyr jawnmo 26th april, 1992. amar cheler 8 bawchor. or jawnmo 1st may, 1996.

Avgvi Av¤§vi A‡bK eqm|Dwb 78| Ibvi Rb¥ 22†k b‡f¤^i, 1926| Avgvi AveŸv 79| Ibvi Rb¥ amar ammar awnek bawysh. uni 78. onar jawnmo 22nd November, 1926. amar abba79. onar jawnmo

25†k AvMó, 1925| Ibviv KvR K‡ib bv| Ibviv eB c‡ob, wU.wf. †`‡Lb, ev Avgv‡`i 25th august, 1925. onara kaj kawren na. onara boi pawren, T.V. daekhen, ba amader

†Q‡j‡g‡qi mv‡_ †L‡jb| Avgvi PgrKvi cwievi| chelemeyr shathe khaelen. amar cawmotkar poribar. * The date is written with the day first, the month and the year last. 1. cwieviUv †Kv_vq _v‡K? poribarTa kothai thake?

cwieviUv Lyjbvq _v‡K| poribarTa khulnai thake. 2. ¯¿xi eqm KZ? strir bawysh kawto?

¯¿xi 30 eQi| strir 30 bawchor. 3. Ibvi K‡e Rb¥ ? onar kawbe jawnmo?

Ibvi 23/11/1970-G Rb¥| onar 23/11/1970-e jawnmo 4. Dwb Kx K‡ib? uni ki kawren?

Dwb GKRb Wv³vi | uni aekjon daktar.

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5. Dwb †Kv_vq KvR K‡ib? uni kothai kaj kawren?

Dwb nvmcvZv‡j KvR K‡ib| uni hashpatale kaj kawren. 6. ivwR‡ei KqRb †Q‡j‡g‡q? rajiber kawyjon chelemey?

ivwR‡ei `yBRb †Q‡j‡g‡q| rajiber duijon chelemey. 7. †Q‡ji eqm KZ? †Q‡ji K‡e Rb¥? cheler bawysh kawto? cheler kawbe jawnmo?

†Q‡ji eqm 8 eQi| cheler bawysh 8 bawchor.

†Q‡ji Rb¥ 1jv †g, 1996| cheler jawnmo pawyla may, 1996. 8. ‡g‡qi eqm KZ? meyr bawysh kawto?

‡g‡q eqm 12 eQi| meyr bawysh 12 bawchor. 9. Ii K‡e Rb¥? or kawbe jawnmo?

†g‡qi Rb¥ 26†k GwcÖj, 1992| meyr jawnmo chabbishe april 1992. 10. `v`xi eqm KZ? dadir bawysh kawto?

`v`xi 78 eQi| dadir 78 bawchor. 11. Ibvi K‡e Rb¥? onar kawbe jawnmo?

Ibvi Rb¥ 22†k b‡f¤^i, 1926| onar jawnmo baishe November, 1926. 12. `v`vi eqm KZ? dadar bawysh kawto?

`v`vi 79 eQi| dadar 79 bawchor.

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13. Ibvi K‡e Rb¥? onar kawbe jawnmo?

Ibvi Rb¥ 25†k AvMó, 1925| onar jawnmo pocishe august, 1925. 14. `v`v-`v`x Kx K‡ib? dada-dadi ki kawren?

Ibviv eB c‡ob, wU.wf. †`‡Lb, ev †Q‡j‡g‡qi mv‡_ †L‡jb| onara boi pawren, T.V. daekhen, ba chelemeyr shathe khaelen. 15. 1. What is the occasion for the invitation? A New Year’s Day party. 2. What is the date? April 14. 3. What time should he arrive? In the afternoon. 4. What is the address? 105 Eskaton Road. 5. What directions is he given to get there? Go straight on Mirpur Road. Then turn left. Turn right on Eskaton Road. My house is the third house on the right. 6. What should he bring? Nothing. A. Hi, Farid. There is New Year’s Day party the 14th of April. I invite you to come over and visit my family. B. Thank you, Munir. What time? A. In the afternoon. B. What is your address? A. It is 105 Eskaton Road B. How can I get there? A. Go straight on Mirpur Road. Then turn left. Turn right on Eskaton Road. My house is the third house on the right. B. What can I bring? A. Nothing, thanks. B. Thank you for the invitation.

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Lesson 10 Around the House

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

evwoi wfZi

Barir Bhitor* This lesson will introduce you to: - Basic vocabulary related to the home (types of rooms, furniture, etc.)

The layout of the rooms and the furniture is similar to Western houses/apartments in the cities and towns in Bangladesh. In the rural areas, the huts are typically one room. The bathrooms are usually outhouses, rudimentary and functional, without modern basins or toilets. Usually ponds and tube wells serve as a source of water for taking a bath. Thus, in the rural areas, bathrooms are referred to as the "actual stuff” that one does, which is included in the vocabulary list. *“Bhitor” means “inside.” “Around” in Bangla, “caridik,” would exclude the interior of the house. Therefore, “barir bhitor” seems a more appropriate translation of “around the house.”

1. Listen to the vocabulary below and repeat after the speaker. Bathroom Bedroom Dining room Door Floor Window Garage Roof Antenna Office Yard Kitchen Living room Verandah* One-story Two-story First floor Second floor

bathroom shobar ghawr khabar ghawr daurja mejhe janala garage chad antennae office bagan rannaghawr bawshar ghawr baranda aektawla dotawla aektawla dotawla

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ev_i“g ‡kvevi Ni Lvevi Ni `iRv ‡g‡S Rvbvjv M¨vivR Qv` A¨v‡›Ubv Awdm evMvb ivbœvNi emvi Ni eviv›`v GKZjv ‡`vZjv GKZjv ‡`vZjv

* A verandah is similar to a balcony, but can be on the first floor as well. In Bangladesh, the first floor is also referred to as the ground floor/ nic tawla/ bxP Zjv; but the second floor is dotawla/ ‡`vZjv. 2. Match the Bangla words in the left column with their English equivalents in the right column. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. ev_i“g/ bathroom 2. ‡kvevi Ni /shobar ghawr 3. Lvevi Ni /khabar ghawr 4. `iRv /dawrja 5. ‡g‡S /mejhe 6. Rvbvjv /janala 7. M¨vivR /garage 8. emvi Ni /bawshar ghawr 9. Awdm /office 10. evMvb /bagan 11. ivbœv Ni /rannaghawr 12. eviv›`v / baranda

A. Verandah B. Yard C. Garage D. Living room E. Bathroom F. Kitchen G. Bedroom H. Door I. Dining room J. Office K. Window L. Floor

3. Complete the following sentences by filling in the blanks from the list of words written in the box below. Check your work with the answer key. “There is/there are” is expressed by adding the verb “ach-”/ “to be, exist” at the end of the sentence. Example: plate-e bhat ache. / There is rice on the plate.

M¨vivR †kvevi Ni A¨v‡›Ubv evMvb ivbœvNi emvi Ni Avi Lvevi Ni garage shobar ghawr antennae bagan rannaghawr bawshar ghawr ar khabar ghawr 1. There is a/an _______________on the roof. Qv‡`i Dc‡i GKUv______________ Av‡Q| chader upore aekTa ______________ ache. 2. There is a __________________between the office and the bathroom. Awdm Avi ev_i“‡gi g‡a¨ GKUv ______________ Av‡Q| office ar bathroomer moddhe aekTa ______________ ache. 3. There is a _________________ in front of the house. evwoi mvg‡b GKUv ______________ Av‡Q| barir shamne aekTa ______________ache.

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4. There is a kitchen between __________________________. ________________________ g‡a¨ GKUv ivbœvNi Av‡Q| ________________________moddhe aekTa rannaghawr ache.

4. Draw a plan of your house and tell your partner in Bangla the types of rooms you have and where they are located. Work in pairs or in small groups.

5. Match the following questions with the correct answers. Check your work with the answer key. A ev_i“gUv †Kv_vq?

1. nu¨v, Avgv‡`i GKUv †QvU

M¨vivR Av‡Q| bathroomTa kothai?

hae, amader aekTa choTo garage ache.

B. ivbœvNiUv †Kv_vq? rannaghawrTa kothai?

2. ‡kvevi NiUv emvi N‡ii cv‡k| shobar ghawrTa bawshar ghawrer pashe.

C. ‡kvevi NiUv †Kv_vq?

3. nu¨v, Avgv‡`i GKUv eo eviv›`v

Av‡Q| shobar ghawrTa kothai?

hae, amader aekTa bawro baranda ache.

D. Avcbv‡`i Lvevi Ni Av‡Q?

4. Avgv‡`i wZbUv †kvevi Ni

Av‡Q| apnader khabar ghawr ache?

amader tinTa shobar ghawr ache.

E. Avcbv‡`i M¨vivR Av‡Q? apnader garage ache?

5. ivbœvNiUv GKZjvq| rannaghawrTa aektawlai.

F. Avcbv‡`i KqUv †kvevi Ni Av‡Q? apnader kawyTa shobar ghawr ache?

6. ev_i“gUv †kvevi N‡ii cv‡k|

G. Avcbv‡`i eviv›`v Av‡Q? apnader baranda ache?

7. bv, Avgv‡`i Lvevi Ni bvB| na, amader khabar ghawr naii.

bathroomTa shobar ghawrer pashe.

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6. Pretend that you want to buy a house. Your classmate is a real estate agent. Make up a dialogue using the model below. Work in pairs or in small groups. The word for “how many” is “kawyTa.” It precedes the noun and the noun’s qualifiers. Example: “How many sisters do you have?”/ “Avcbvi KqUv †evb Av‡Q?Ó Model: A. Avwg GKUv ‡`vZjv evwo wKb‡Z PvB| ami aekTa dotawla bari kinte cai. B. evRv‡ii cv‡k GKUv my›`i †QvU evwo

Av‡Q|

bajarer pashe aekTa shundor choto bari ache. A. evwoUvi KqUv †kvevi Ni Av‡Q? bariTar kawyTa shobar ghawr ache? B. GKUv †kvevi Ni Av‡Q| aekTa shobar ghawr ache. A. evwoUv‡Z KqUv ev_i“g Av‡Q?* bariTate kawyTa bathroom ache? B. GKUv eo PgrKvi ev_i“g Av‡Q| aekTa bawro cawmotkar bathroom ache . A. evwoUv‡Z wK ivbœvNi Av‡Q? bariTate ki rannaghawr ache? B. nu¨v, Av‡Q| (cÖf„wZ) hae, ache. (probhriti) * A discussion on bathrooms is relevant only in an urban setting, as bathrooms are usually outhouses in rural areas.

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7. Familiarize yourself with these terms for furniture and furnishings. Listen and repeat after the speaker.

ev_Uve bathtub

weQvbv

eB-Gi ZvK

†Pqvi

Avjgvwi

bichana

boier tak

chair

almari

‡Uwej

wd«R

†`ivR*

evwZ

gvB‡µvI‡qBf

table

fridge

deraj

baTi

microwave

†iwWI

Kv‡c©U

‡ewmb

†mvdv

Pzjv

radio

carpet

basin

sofa

cula

‡Uwj‡dvb

wU.wf.

†Uv÷vi

K‡gvW

telephone

T.V.

toaster

commode

*Dressers are called chests of drawers and often referred to as drawers or deraj. A popular piece of furniture is an “alna,” which has many rods on two stands to hang clothes.

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8. Below is a chart with rooms you would find in a typical home. Under each room, list the furniture and furnishings (from the list above) that you would expect to find there. Some items will be used more than once.

ivbœvNi

Lvevi Ni

emvi Ni

‡kvevi Ni

ev_i“g

rannaghawr

khabar ghawr

bawshar ghawr

shobar ghawr

bathroom

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9. Using the chart above, ask each other questions about the furniture in your rooms. 1. Avcbvi ivbœvN‡i Kx Av‡Q? - Avgvi ivbœvN‡i GKUv Pzjv, GKUv... Av‡Q| apnar rannaghawre ki ache? – amar rannaghawre aekTa cula, aekTa… ache. 2. Avcbvi Lvevi N‡i Kx Av‡Q? - Avgvi Lvevi N‡i GKUv †Uwej, GKUv... Av‡Q| apnar khabar ghawre ki ache? – amar khabar ghawre aekTa table, aekTa… ache.

10. Listen and read along as a speaker talks about his home, and then answer questions about the passage. Avgvi bvg cÖexi| Avwg Avgvi ¯¿x Avi `yB †Q‡ji mv‡_ XvKvq _vwK| Avgv‡`i GKUv †QvU ‡`vZjv amar nam probir. ami amar stri ar dui chelemeyr shathe dhakai thaki. amader aekta choTo dui-tawla evwo Av‡Q| Avgvi evev Avgv‡`i mv‡_ _v‡Kb| evwoUv‡Z 3Uv †kvevi Ni: GKUv Avgvi ¯¿xi Avi Avgvi, bari ache. amar baba amader shathe thaken. bariTate 3-Ta shobar ghawr: aekTa amar strir ar amar, GKUv Avgv‡`i `yB †Q‡ji, Avi GKUv Avgvi evevi| †`vZjvq `yBUv †kvevi Ni, Avi GK Zjvq GKUv aekTa amader dui cheler, ar aekTa amar babar. dotawlai duiTa shobar ghawr, ar aek tawlai aekTa †kvevi Ni| Avgv‡`i `yBUv ev_i“g Av‡Q| Avgv‡`i GKUv eo ivbœv Ni Av‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ GKUv Pzjv, Avi shobar ghawr. amader duiTa bathroom ache. amader aekTa ranna ghawr ache. tar moddhe aekta cula, ar wmsK| Lvevi N‡i GKUv wd«R Avi eo †Uwej Av‡Q †hLv‡b Avgiv LvB| Avgv‡`i emvi N‡i GKUv †mvdv, sink. khabar ghawre aekTa fridge ar bawro table ache jekhane amra khai. amader bawshar ghawre aekTa sofa, GKUv †Uwej, `yBUv †Pqvi, Avi GKUv †QvU wU.wf. Av‡Q| Lvevi c‡i mܨvq Avgiv wU.wf. †`wL| aekTa table, duiTa ceyar, ar aekTa choTo T.V. ache. khabar pawre shondhai amra T.V. dekhi.

A. Where does the family live? B. How many people live in the house? C. Is the house one story or two stories? D. How many bedrooms are there, and who sleeps in which bedroom? E. How many bedrooms are on the first floor? F.

How many bathrooms are there in the house?

G. Where do they eat their meals? H. What does the family do in the evening after dinner?

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A. cwieviUv †Kv_vq _v‡K? poribarTa kothai thake? B. evwoUv†Z KqRb _v‡K? bariTate kawyjon thake? C. evwoUv Kq Zjv? bariTa kawy tawla? D. evwoUv‡Z KqUv †kvevi Ni, Avi †Kvb N‡i †K Nygvq? bariTate kawyTa shobar ghawr, ar kon ghawre ke ghumai? E. GKZjvq KqUv †kvevi Ni Av‡Q? aektawlai kawyTa shobar ghawr ache? F. evwoU†Z KqUv ev_i“g Av‡Q? bariTate kawyTa bathroom ache? G. Ibviv †Kv_vq fvZ Lvb?* onara kothai bhat khan? H. cwieviUv Lvevi c‡i mܨvq Kx K‡i? poribarTa khabar pawre shondhai ki kawre?

*Meals are usually referred to as “bhat kha-” / “eating rice” in a domestic setting.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the speaker and circle the terms that you hear. Check the answer key.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

bedroom lamp toilet sofa carpet chair first floor garage

bathroom oven bathtub chair floor dresser second floor basement

living room stove sink bed window radio one-story roof

2. You have a guest in your home. Give him/her answers, in Bangla, to the following questions.

ev_i“Uv †Kv_vq?

Where is the bathroom?

bathroomTa kothai?

ivbœvNiUv †Kv_vq?

Where is the kitchen?

rannaghawrTa kothai?

Avcbv‡`i KqUv ‡kvevi Ni?

How many bedrooms do you have?

apnader kawyTa shobar ghawr?

wUwj‡dvbUv †Kv_vq?

Where is the telephone?

telephoneTa kothai?

Avwg wK wU.wf. †`L‡Z cvwi?

Can I watch television?

ami T.V. dekhte pari?

Avcwb iv‡Z KLb Lvb?

When do you eat dinner?

apni rate kawkhon khan?

Avcwb mKv‡j KLb D‡Vb?

When do you get up in the morning?

apni shawkale kawkhon uThen?

Avcwb KLb Kv‡R hvb?

What time do you go to work?

apni kawkhon kaje jan?

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Vocabulary List Bathroom Bathtub Bed Bedroom Bookcase Carpet Chair Closet Table Dining room Door Dresser Floor Garage Kitchen Lamp Living room Microwave oven One-story Oven Radio Second floor Sink Sofa/couch Stool Stove Television Toaster Toilet Two-story Urine Verandah Window

bathroom bathtub bichana shobar ghawr boi-er tak carpet chair almari table khabar ghawr dawrja deraj mejhe garage rannaghawr bati bawshar ghawr microwave aektawla oven radio dotawla basin sofa paikhana cula T.V. toaster commode dotawla peshab/ prosrab baranda janala

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ev_i“g ev_Uve weQvbv ‡kvevi Ni eB-Gi ZvK Kv‡c©U ‡Pqvi Avjgvix ‡Uwej Lvevi Ni `iRv ‡`ivR ‡g‡S M¨vivR ivbœvNi evwZ emvi Ni gvB‡µvI‡qBf GKZjv I‡fb ‡iwWI ‡`vZjv ‡ewmb ‡mvdv cvqLvbv Pzjv wU.wf. ‡Uv÷vi K‡gvW ‡`vZjv ‡ckve/ cÖmªve eviv›`v Rvbvjv

Answer Key 2. 1. E 2. G 3. I 4. H. 5. L 6. K 7. C 8. D 9. J 10. B 11. F 12. A 3.

1. Qv‡`i Dc‡i GKUv A¨v‡›Ubv Av‡Q| chader upore aekTa antennae ache.

2. Awdm Avi ev_i“‡gi g‡a¨ GKUv †kvevi Ni Av‡Q| office ar bathroomer moddhe aekTa shobar ghawr ache.

3. evwoi mvg‡b GKUv evMvb Av‡Q| barir shamne aekTa bagan ache.

4. emvi Avi †kvevi N‡ii g‡a¨ GKUv ivbœvNi Av‡Q| bawshar ar shobar ghawrer moddhe aekTa rannaghawr ache. 5. A. 6 B. 5 C. 2 D. 7 E. 1 F. 4 G. 3 10. My name is Probir. I live with my wife and two sons in Dhaka. We have a small two-story house. My father lives with us. The house has 3 bedrooms: one for my wife and me, one for our two sons, and one for my father. Two bedrooms are on the second floor, and one bedroom is on the first floor. We have two bathrooms. We have a large kitchen with a stove and sink. In the dining room there is a refrigerator and a large table where we eat. Our living room has a sofa, a table, two chairs, and a small television. In the evening after dinner, my family and I watch TV.

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Avgvi bvg cÖexi| Avwg Avgvi ¯¿x Avi `yB †Q‡ji mv‡_ XvKvq _vwK| Avgv‡`i GKUv †QvU ‡`vZjv amar nam probir. ami amar stri ar dui chelemeyr shathe dhakai thaki. amader aekta choTo duitawla

evwo Av‡Q| Avgvi evev Avgv‡`i mv‡_ _v‡Kb| evwoUv‡Z 3Uv †kvevi Ni: GKUv Avgvi ¯¿xi Avi Avgvi, bari ache. amar baba amader shathe thaken. bariTate 3-Ta shobar ghawr: aekTa amar strir ar amar,

GKUv Avgv‡`i `yB †Q‡ji, Avi GKUv Avgvi evevi| †`vZjvq `yBUv †kvevi Ni, Avi GK Zjvq GKUv aekTa amader dui cheler, ar aekTa amar babar. dotawlai duiTa shobar ghawr, ar aek tawlai aekTa

†kvevi Ni| Avgv‡`i `yBUv ev_i“g Av‡Q| Avgv‡`i GKUv eo ivbœv Ni Av‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ GKUv Pzjv, Avi shobar ghawr. amader duiTa bathroom ache. amader aekTa ranna ghawr ache. tar moddhe aekta cula, ar

wmsK| Lvevi N‡i GKUv wd«R Avi eo †Uwej Av‡Q †hLv‡b Avgiv LvB| Avgv‡`i emvi N‡i GKUv †mvdv, sink. khabar ghawre aekTa fridge ar bawro table ache jekhane amra khai. amader bawshar ghawre aekTa sofa,

GKUv †Uwej, `yBUv †Pqvi, Avi GKUv †QvU wU.wf. Av‡Q| Lvevi c‡i mܨvq Avgiv wU.wf. †`wL| aekTa table, duiTa ceyar, ar aekTa choTo T.V. ache. khabar pawre shondhai amra T.V. dekhi. A. cwieviUv †Kv_vq _v‡K? poribarTa kothai thake?

cwieviUv XvKvq _v‡K| poribarTa dhakai thake. B. evwoUv†Z KqRb _v‡K? bariTate kawyjon thake?

evwoUv‡Z cuvPRb _v‡K| bariTate pacjon thake. C. evwoUv Kq Zjv? bariTa kawy tawla?

evwoUv †`vZjv| bariTa dotawla. D. evwoUv‡Z KqUv †kvevi Ni, Avi †Kvb N‡i †K Nygvq? bariTate kawyTa shobar ghawr, ar kon ghawre ke ghumai?

evwoUv‡Z 3Uv †kvevi Ni| GKUv N‡i cÖexi Avi Ibvi ¯¿x, GKUv‡Z Ibv‡`i `yB †Q‡j, Avi GKUv‡Z Ibvi evev Nygvb| bariTate 3-Ta shobar ghawr. aekTa ghawre probir ar onar stri, aekTate onader dui chele, ar aekTate onar baba ghuman. E. GKZjvq KqUv †kvevi Ni Av‡Q? aek tawlai kawyTa shobar ghawr ache?

GKZjvq GKUv †kvevi Ni Av‡Q| aektawlai aekTa shobar ghawr ache.

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F. evwoU†Z KqUv ev_i“g Av‡Q? bariTate kawyTa bathroom ache?

evwoU‡Z `yBUv ev_i“g Av‡Q| bariTate duiTa bathroom ache. G. Ibviv †Kv_vq fvZ Lvq?* onara kothai bhat khai?

Ibviv Lvevi N‡i fvZ Lvb| onara khabar ghawre bhat khan. H. cwieviUv Lvevi c‡i mܨvq Kx K‡i? poribar ta khabar pawre shondhai ki kawre?

cwieviUv Lvevi c‡i mܨvq wU.wf. †`‡L| poribarTa khabar pawre shondhai T.V.daekhe. End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. 1. bathroom 2. lamp 3. sink 4. bed 5. window 6. radio 7. first floor 8. roof

ev_i“g evwZ ‡ewmb weQvbv Rvbvjv ‡iwWI GKZjv Qv`

bathroom bati basin bichana janala radio aektawla chad

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Lesson 11 Weather and Seasons

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

AvenvIqv Avi FZz abhawa ar ritu

This lesson will introduce you to: - Vocabulary related to weather, seasons, and climate - How to ask for and give temperatures - How to understand the weather report - How to discuss the weather and climate in Bangla.

1. Listen to the weather terms as they are read aloud. Repeat the weather terms after the speaker.

Rain

Sun

Wind

e„wó

m~h©

evZvm

brishTi

shurjo

batash

Snow

Fog

Clouds

eid

Kzqvkv

‡gN

bawrof

kuasha

megh

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2. Match the pictures with the correct weather term. Check your answers with the answer key.

evZvm batash

m~h© shurjo

e„wó brishTi

eid bawrof

3. What do you hear? Circle the terms you hear spoken by the native speaker. Check the answer key.

1 sun wind clouds fog snow rain 2 sun wind clouds fog snow rain 3 sun wind clouds fog snow rain

4. Familiarize yourself with the following terms related to the weather. Pause the recording as many times as you need to. Repeat after the speaker. Temperature Fahrenheit/Celsius Weather Weather forecast Weather report Winter Spring Summer Rainy season Pre-autumn Autumn

tapmatra farenheit/celcius abhawa abhawar purbabhash abhawa barta sheetkal bawshontokal gawromkal bawrshakal shawrotkal hemontokal

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ZvcgvÎv d¨v‡ibnvBU/ †mjwmqvm AvenvIqv AvenvIqvi c~e©vfvm AvenvIqv evZ©v kxZKvj emšÍKvj: MigKvj el©vKvj kirKvj ‡ngšÍKvj

Clear Cloudy Overcast Windy Cold Low temperature Freezing Warm High temperature Hot Dry Humid Sunny Rainy

porishkar meghla meghacchonno awnek batash Thanda kawm tapmatra kawn kawne Thanda gawrom beshi tapmatra khub gawrom shukna ardro jhawk jhawke brishTi/pawre/porche/thake

cwi®‹vi ‡gNjv ‡gNv”Qbœ A‡bK evZvm VvÊv Kg ZvcgvÎv KbK‡b VvÊv* Mig ‡ewk ZvcgvÎv Lye Mig ïKbv Av`ª© SKS‡K e„wó c‡o/co‡Q/_v‡K

* Since Bangladesh is a tropical country, winters are mild. Thus, specific expressions for freezing and below freezing do not exist, and a generic term, “kawn kawne Thanda” or “khub Thanda”/ extremely cold is used. Therefore, if Bangladeshis are in colder climates, they will use English words to express these variations in temperature. A definite pattern to change nouns into adjectives, e.g., cloud to cloudy, rain to rainy does not exist in Bangla. There may be some similarities in the conversions, but no general rule. While “rainy” is: “brishTi pawre/ porche”; foggy is “kuasha +acchonno”, i.e, covered with fog; but cloudy is “megh+la”; whereas overcast is “megh + acchonno.” If the state of the weather is a habitual condition, “the weather in July is rainy”: “july mashe brishTi pawre/ thake”/ “it rains in July”; or “july mashe meghla thake. Thus, the word “weather” is implicit and the verb “to be” takes the “thak-” form to express a habitual condition. Usually in talking about the weather, people refer to it as “the day,” so that: How is the weather today? = “AvR‡Ki w`bUv †Kgb?Ó / “How is the day?”

5. Listen to the typical questions and responses about the weather. Repeat them after the speaker. - How is the weather in December?

-december mashe abhawaTa kaemon?

- It’s cold. - How is the weather in April?

-Thanda -april mashe abhawaTa kaemon? -khub gawrom.

- It’s hot.

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- wW‡m¤^i gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb? - VvÊv| - GwcÖj gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb? - Lye Mig|

-july mashe abhawaTa kaemon? -khub brishTi ar bhaepsha gawrom.

- RyjvB gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb?

- How is the weather in October?

-october mashe abhawaTa kaemon?

- It’s pleasant and comfortable.

-khub shundor ar aram.

- A‡±vei gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb? - Lye my›`i Avi Avivg|

- How is the weather in July? - It’s rainy and humid.

- Lye e„wó Avi f¨vc&mv Mig|

6. Read the following short dialogues on weather and match each one to a picture below. Check the answer key

AvR‡Ki AvenvIqvUv †Kgb?

ZvcgvÎv KZ?

- ajker abhawaTa kaemon?

-tapmatra kawto?

-‡gNv”Qbœ Avi e„wó|

-22 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm! Lye Mig Avi AvKvk cwi®‹vi|*

-meghacchonno ar brishTi.

-22 degree celcius! khub gawrom ar akash porishkar.

ILv‡b AvenvIqvUv †Kgb? - okhane abhawaTa kaemon? -eid co‡Q Avi KbK‡b VvÊv| - bawrof porche ar kawn kawne Thanda.

- ILv‡b wK SKS‡K? - okhane ki jhawk jhawke? - bv, Kzqvkv Avi VvÊv| - na kuasha ar Thanda.

* In Bangla, clear weather is usually referred to as “a clear sky.”

#_______________

#_______________

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#_____________

#_____________

7. Work with a partner. Complete the dialogues according to the models in Exercise 5 and Exercise 6. Use the vocabulary given below. Check your work with the answer key.

SK-S‡K

e„wó

Le Mig

VvÊv

AvKvk cwi®‹vi

Kzqvkv”Qbœ

jhawk jhawke

brishTi

khub gawrom

Thanda

akash porishkar

kuashacchonno

‡gNv”Qbœ

‡gN-jv

KbK‡b VvÊv

Mig

ïKbv

meghacchonno

meghla

kawn kawne Thanda

gawrom

shukna

- Rvbyqvix gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb _v‡K?

january mashe abhawaTa kaemon thake?

- …………Avi………… _v‡K|

- …………ar …………thake.

- †g gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb _v‡K?

may mashe abhawaTa kaemon thake?

…………Avi………… _v‡K|

- …………ar …………thake.

- AvMó gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb _v‡K?

august mashe abhawaTa kaemon thake?

-…………Avi………… _v‡K|

- …………ar …………thake.

- b‡f¤^i gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb _v‡K?

November mashe abhawaTa kaemon thake? - …………ar …………thake.

-…………Avi………… _v‡K|

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8. Work with a partner. Put the given words in correct order so that you can ask a question and give an answer about the weather in different places. Check your work with the answer key. Model: G/ wbD BqK©/ e„wó/ c‡o/ wW‡m¤^i/ /wK/bv/G/ eid/c‡o e/ new york/ brishTi /pawre/ december/ ki/na/e/bawrof /pawre Student 1: wbD Bq©‡K wK wW‡m¤^‡i e„wó c‡o? : new yorke ki decembere brishTi pawre? Student 2: bv, wbD Bq©‡K wW‡m¤^‡i eid c‡o| : na, new yorke decembere bawrof pawre. 1) wmq¨vU&j/ Mig _v‡K / G//wK/ nu¨v/ Ryb/ G/ Avi/†iv`* seattle/ gawrom thake/ e/ ki/ hae/ june/ e/ ar/ rod 2) RvKvZv©/ G/ VvÊv/ _v‡K /wK/ b‡f¤^i/ G/ bv/‡iv`/ bv/ evZvm/ _v‡K jakarta/ e/ Thanda /thake/ ki/ November/e/na/ rod/ na/ batash/ thake 3) gvP© / G/ Mig/ G/ nu¨v/ ‡cvU©j¨vÊ/ wK/ _v‡K march / e/ gawrom/ e/ hae/ Portland/ thake

9. Listen to the speaker. Mark the statement that you hear. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C.

The weather in September is clear and sunny. The weather in September is rainy and warm. The weather in September is foggy and cold. What is the temperature today? It is 22 degrees Celsius. What is the temperature today? It is 22 degrees Fahrenheit. What is the temperature today? It is 22 degrees. Is it cold in spring? No, it’s warm and sunny. Is it raining in spring? No, it’s warm and sunny. Is it windy in spring? No, it’s warm and sunny. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? Overcast and cold. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? Cloudy and cold. What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? Sunny and cold. The summers are hot and rainy. The winters are cold and snowy. The summers are hot and dry. The winters are cold and snowy. The summers are hot and sunny. The winters are cold and snowy.

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10. Familiarize yourself with the following terms related to weather and natural disasters. Pause the recording as many times as you need to. Repeat after the speaker.

Lightning

Thunderstorm

Tornado

eRªcvZ

eRª mn e„wó

N~wY©So

bawjropat

bawjro shawho brishTi

ghurnijhawr

Hurricane

Flood

So

eb¨v

jhawr

bonna

11. What do you hear? Circle the term you hear spoken by the native speaker. Check your answers with the answer key. 1 2 3 4

tornado tornado tornado tornado

flood flood flood flood

thunderstorm thunderstorm thunderstorm thunderstorm

lightning lightning lightning lightning

hurricane hurricane hurricane hurricane

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12. Answer the questions. Check your work with the answer key.

- GUv wK eRª mn e„wó?

- GUv wK eb¨v?

-GUv wK So?

- eTa ki bawjro shawho brishTi

-eTa ki bonna?

-eTa ki jhawr?

- bv, GUv…….. - na, eTa…………

- bv, GUv…….. -na, eTa………

- bv, GUv…….. -na, eTa………..

- GUv wK N~wY©So? -eTa ki ghurnijhawr?

- GUv wK eRªcvZ? -eTa ki bawjropat?

- bv, GUv…….. - na, eTa…………

- bv, GUv…….. -na, eTa………….

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Listen to the following weather report for different cities in Bangladesh. In English, fill in the chart below with the weather and temperature for each city. Pause or replay the audio if needed. Check your work with the answer key.

City

Weather

Temperature

1. 2. 3. 4.

2. Listen to the following weather report and answer the questions below. Check your work with the answer key. Play Weather Report For what city is this weather report? - ivRkvnx -…rajshahi -… e¸ov -…bogura -… ewikvj -…borishal

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For what date is this weather report? -…4/4/2005… -…4/4/2005… -…8/6/2005.. -…8/6/2005… -…4/3/2005… -…4/3/2005… What will be the high and low temperatures for the day? -…33 /25 - …33 /25 -…35 /26 -....35 /26 -…38/27 -…38 /27 Is rain expected? -…nu¨v….. - hae -…bv….. -na Is wind mentioned? - nu¨v….. - hae -…bv -na

3. Working in pairs or small groups, describe the pictures. Using the vocabulary you’ve learned in this lesson, compose a story to match the pictures. Include the season of the year, the name of the month, the type of weather it seems to be, etc.

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Vocabulary List Weather Weather forecast Weather report Rain Sun Wind Snow Fog Lightning Thunderstorm Tornado Hurricane Dark clouds Rainy Sunny Cloudy Freezing Clear Temperature: Fahrenheit/Celsius

abhawa abhawar purbabhash abhawa barta brishTi shurjo batash bawrof kuasha bawjropat bawjro shawho brishTi ghurnijhawr jhawr kalo megh brishTi jhawk jhawke meghla kawn kawne Thanda porishkar tapmatra: farenheit/celcius

Hot Cold Warm Dry Humid Overcast Windy Winter December January Spring February March Summer April May Rainy season

khub gawrom Thanda gawrom shukna bhaepsha meghacchonno awnek batash sheetkal december january bawshontokal february march gawromkal april may bawrshakal

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AvenvIqv AvenvIqvi c~e©vfvm AvenvIqv evZ©v e„wó m~h© evZvm eid Kzqvkv eRªcvZ eRª mn e„wó N~wY„So So Kv‡jv †gN e„wó SKS‡K ‡gNjv KbK‡b VvÊv cwi®‹vi (AvKvk) ZvcgvÎv: d¨v‡ibnvBU/ †mjwmqvm Lye Mig VvÊv Mig ïKbv f¨vc&mv ‡gNv”Qbœ A‡bK evZvm kxZKvj wW‡m¤^i Rvbyqvix emšÍKvj †deª“qvix gvP© MigKvj GwcÖj †g el©vKvj

June July Pre-autumn August September Autumn October November High Low Highest Lowest

Ryb RyjvB kirKvj AvMó †m‡Þ¤^i ‡ngšÍKvj A‡±vei b‡f¤^i ‡ewk Kg m‡e©v”P me©wbgœ

june july shawrotkal august september hemontokal october november beshi kawm shawrbocco shawrbonimno

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Answer Key 2.

evZvm

wind

batash

m~h©

sun

shurjo

e„wó

rain

brishTi

eid

snow

bawrof 3. 1.

m~h©

sun

shurjo 2.

eid

snow

bawrof 3.

Kzqvkv

fog

kuasha 6.

# Is it sunny?

#How is the weather today?

ILv‡b wK SKS‡K?

AvR‡Ki AvenvIqvUv †Kgb?

okhane ki jhawk jhawke? No, it’s foggy and cold.

ajker abhawaTa kaemon? It is overcast and raining.

bv, ILv‡b Kzqvkv Avi VvÊv|

‡gNv”Qbœ Avi e„wó|

na, okhane kuasha ar Thanda.

meghacchonno ar brishTi.

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# What is the temperature?

# How is the weather there?

ZvcgvÎv KZ?

ILv‡b AvenvIqvUv †Kgb?

tapmatra kawto? It is 22 degrees Celsius! It’s very warm and the sky is clear.*

okhane abhawaTa kaemon? It’s snowing and below freezing.

ILv‡b eid co‡Q Avi KbK‡b VvÊv|

22 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm! Lye Mig Avi okhane bawrof porche ar kawn

AvKvk cwi®‹vi| kawne Thanda. 22 degree celcius! khub gawrom ar akash porishkar. 7. january mashe abhawaTa kaemon thake?

- Rvbyqvix gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb _v‡K?

-january mashe bawrof pawre ar kawn kawne Thanda thake.

- Rvbyqvix gv‡m eid c‡o Avi KbK‡b VvÊv _v‡K|

-may mashe abhawaTa kaemon thake?

- †g gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb _v‡K?

-may mashe meghacchonno ar brishTi thake .

-‡g gv‡m †gNv”Qbœ Avi e„wó _v‡K |

-august mashe abhawaTa kaemon thake?

- AvMó gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb _v‡K?

- august mashe khub gawrom ar akash porishkar thake.

-AvMó gv‡m Lye Mig Avi AvKvk cwi®‹vi _v‡K|

-november mashe abhawaTa kaemon thake?

- b‡f¤^i gv‡m AvenvIqvUv †Kgb _v‡K?

- november mashe kuasha ar Thanda thake.

- b‡f¤^i gv‡m Kzqvkv Avi VvÊv _v‡K|

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8. seattle-e ki june-e gawrom thake? hae, seattle-e june-e gawrom ar rod thake. jakartai ki Novembere Thanda thake? na, okhane rod ar batash thake. portlande ki marche gawrom thake? hae, portlande marche gawrom thake.

1. wmq¨vU&‡j wK Ry‡b Mig _v‡K?

nu¨v, wmq¨vU&‡j Ry‡b Mig Avi ‡iv` _v‡K | 2. RvKvZv©q wK b‡f¤^‡i VvÊv _v‡K? bv, ILv‡b ‡iv` Avi evZvm _v‡K| 3. ‡cvU©j¨vÊ wK gv‡P© Mig _v‡K? nu¨v, ‡cvU©j¨vÊ gv‡P© Mig _v‡K|

* “Sunny” is “jhawk jhawke,” but to keep the sentence constructions parallel, “rod” is suggested here, as the meaning does not change much. 9. 1. B The weather in September is rainy and warm.

1. †m‡Þ¤^i gvmUv SKS‡K Avi AvKvk cwi®‹vi _v‡K|

September mashTa jhawk jhawke ar akash porishkar thake.

2. B What is the temperature today? It is 22 degrees Fahrenheit.

AvR‡Ki ZvcgvÎv KZ? AvR‡K 22 wWMÖx dv‡ibnvBU|

ajker tapmatra kawto? ajke 22 degree farehneit.

3. A Is it cold in spring? No, it’s warm and sunny.

em‡šÍ wK Lye evZvm? bv, Mig Avi SKS‡K|

bawshonte ki khub batash? na, gawrom ar jhawk jhawke.

4. C What is the weather forecast for tomorrow? Sunny and cold.

4.Kvj‡Ki AvenvIqvi c~e©vfvm Kx? †gNv”Qbœ Avi VvÊv|

kalker abhawar purbhabash ki? meghacchonno ar Thanda.

5. C The summers are hot and sunny. The winters are cold and snowy.

MigKv†j Lye Mig Avi ïKbv _v‡K| kxZKv‡j VvÊv Avi eid _v‡K| 11. 1 thundersotrm 2 lightning 3 hurricane 4 flood

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gawromkale khub gawrom ar shukna thake. sheetkale Thanda ar bawrof thake.

12.

- Is it a thunderstorm?

- Is it a flood?

- GUv wK eRª mn e„wó?

- GUv wK eb¨v?

-GUv wK So?

- eTa ki bawjro shawho brishTi - No, it’s lightning. - bv, GUv eRªcvZ| - na, eTa bawjropat.

-eTa ki bonna?

-eTa ki jhawr?

No, it’s a hurricane - bv, GUv So| - na, eTa jhawr

- No, it’s a thunderstorm. - bv, GUv eRª mn e„wó| - na, eTa bawjro shawho brishTi.

- Is it a tornado?

- Is it a hurricane?

- Is it lightning? - GUv wK eRªcvZ? -eTa ki bawjropat? - No, it’s a tornado. - bv, GUv N~wY©So| - na, eTa ghurnijhawr.

- GUv wK N~wY©So? -eTa ki ghurnijhawr? - No, it’s a flood. - bv, GUv eb¨v| - na, eTa bonna.

End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. 1. The weather in Rangpur is cold today. The temperature is 5 degrees Celsius. The sky is clear. 2. It is rainy in Chittagong today. The temperature is 26 degrees Celsius. The sky is overcast, and it is windy. 3. It is hot and humid in Dhaka today. The temperature is 35 degrees Celsius. 4. It is very windy in Khulna today. The temperature is 20 degrees Celsius. The sky has dark clouds.

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5. 1. AvR‡K iscy‡ii AvenvIqv VvÊv| ILv‡b ZvcgvÎv 5 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm| AvKvk cwi®‹vi| ajke rawngpurer abhawa Thanda. okhane tapmatra 5 degree celcius. akash porishkar. 2. AvR‡K wPUvMs-G e„wó| ILv‡b ZvcgvÎv 26 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm| AvKvk †gNv”Qbœ Avi Lye evZvm| ajke ciTagawnge brishTi. okhane tapmatra 26 degree celcius. akash meghacchonno ar khub batash. 3. AvR‡K XvKvi AvenvIqv Lye Mig Avi f¨vcmv| ILv‡b ZvcgvÎv 35 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm| ajke Dhakar abhawa khub gawrom ar bhaepsha. okhane tapmatra 35 degree celcius. 4. AvR‡K Lyjbvq Lye evZvm| ILv‡b ZvcgvÎv 20 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm| AvKv‡k Kv‡jv †gN| ajke khulnai khub batash. okhane tapmatra 26 degree celcius. akashe kalo megh.

1. 2. 3. 4.

City Rangpur Chittagong Dhaka Khulna

Weather cold and clear sky rainy, overcast and windy hot and humid windy and dark clouds

Temperature 5 degrees Celsius 26 degrees Celsius 35 degrees Celsius 20 degrees Celsius

2. Today’s Weather Report Today is the 4th of April, 2005. It is hot and humid in Barisal. The sky is overcast. It is very windy. The high temperature for the day is 38 degrees Celsius and the low temperature is 27 degrees Celcius.

AvR‡Ki AvenvIqv evZ©v AvR‡K 4Vv GwcÖj, 2005| ewikv‡j Lye Mig Avi f¨vcmv| AvKvk †gNv”Qbœ| Lye evZvm| AvR‡Ki †ewk ZvcgvÎv 38 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm Avi Kg ZvcgvÎv 27 wWMÖx †mjwmqvm| ajker abhawa barta ajke 4th April, 2005. borishale khub gawrom ar bhaepsha. akash meghacchonno. khub batash. ajker beshi tapmatra 38 degree celcius ar kawm tapmatra 27 degree celcius. For what city is this weather report? -… Barisal. -… ewikvj -…borishal

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For what date is this weather report? -…4/4/2005 -…4/4/2005… -…4/4/2005… What will be the high and low temperatures for the day? -…38 /27 -…38/27 -…38 /27 Is rain expected? - …no -… bv -... na Is wind mentioned? -…yes - nu¨v….. - hae

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Lesson 12 Personal Appearance

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

e¨w³i eY©bv

bektir bawrnona This lesson will introduce you to: - one’s physical features (hair color, weight, height, etc.) - articles of clothing - colors; - descriptions of a person’s physical appearance, including the clothing - appropriate ways to ask about someone’s appearance.

1. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the descriptions of people’s appearances.

Tall

Short

Heavy

Thin

Young

Old

j¤^v

‡e‡U

‡gvUv

‡ivMv

‡QvU

eq¯‹

lawmba

beTe

moTa

roga

choTo

bawyshko

Short

Long

Blond

Red

Gray

‡QvU

j¤^v

‡mvbvjx

jvj

cvKv

choTo

lawmba

shonali

lal

paka

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2. Look at the pictures below and listen to the descriptions of people’s appearances.

This woman is young. She is tall and thin.

This man is also young. He has an average height and medium frame.

GB gwnjvUv Kgeqmx| I* j¤^v Avi †ivMv|

GB ‡jvKUvI Kgeqmx| I j¤^v Avi Mo‡b gvSvwi |

ei mohilaTa kawmbawyshi. o lawmba ar roga.

ei lokTao kawmbawyshi. o lawmba ar gawrone majhari.

*As we have seen in the previous lessons, the use of the personal pronoun varies with the speaker’s relationship with the person being referred to. In the above descriptions, as in other parts of this lesson, it would be appropriate to use “‡m /she,” the third person deictic, since the person being described is young and a stranger. However, the ordinary third person “o” is used for the sake of consistency and simplicity, on the assumption that the variations can be learned with time and usage of the language. Similarly, the honorific deictic, “wZwb /tini,” could be used instead of the honorific, “Dwb /uni” in relevant cases. *Bangla does not distinguish for gender in its use of adjectives.

3. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and repeat as you follow along in the workbook. Hair: Blond Brown Red Gray Curly Straight

Pzj: †mvbvjx L‡qix jvj cvKv ‡KuvKov ‡mvRv

cul: shonali khawyri lal paka kokra shoja

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This young woman has short brown hair.

GB Kgeqmx gwnjvi †QvU L‡qix Pyj|

This young man also has short brown hair.

GB Kgeqmx †jv‡KiI †QvU L‡qix Pyj|

ei kawmbawyshi mohilar choTo khawyri cul. ei kawmbawyshi lokero choTo khawyri cul.

The young girl has long blond hair.

The old man has gray hair.

†QvU †g‡qUvi j¤^v †mvbvjx Pzj|

eq¯‹ †jvKUvi cvKv Pzj|

choTo meyTar shonali cul.

bawshko lokTar paka cul.

4. Look at the pictures and write descriptions of the people. Use the appropriate grammar and vocabulary. The model: ‡ivMv ‡jvKUvi jvj Pzj | roga lokTar lal cul.

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5. Look at the pictures below and familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and repeat as you follow along in the workbook.

Ear

Nose

Eye

Mouth

Glasses

Beard

Kvb

bvK

‡PvL

gyL

Pkgv

`vwo

kan

nak

cokh

mukh

cawshma

dari

Light Skin

Medium Skin

Dark Skin

dm©v

k¨vgjv

Kv‡jv

phawrsha

shaemla

kalo

6. From the list above, choose the characteristics and adjectives used to describe each feature. Eyes

Hair

Skin

Height

‡PvL cokh

Frame

Facial Features

Pzj

Pvgov

D”PZv

Mob

†Pnvivi ‰ewkó¨

cul

camra

uccota

gawron

ceharar boishishTo

7. In each line of text below, cross out the term that does not logically belong. Check your work with the answer key.

bxj

meyR

‡ivMv

L‡qix

neel

shobuj

roga

khawyri

‡e‡U

Pkgv

j¤^v

gvSvwi

beTe

cawshma

lawmba

majhari

bvK

`vwo

‡gvUv

‡PvL

nak

dari

moTa

cokh

‡mvbvjx

cvKv

D”PZv

Kv‡jv

shonali

paka

uccota

kalo

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8. Listen to the descriptions of different people’s appearances while reading the following dialogues. Answer the questions. Check your answers with the answer key.

1. -

2. -

3. -

-

AvwbKvi Pz‡ji is Kx? anikar culer rawng ki?

Ibvi Pz‡ji is L‡qix| onar culer rawng khawyri.

AvwbKvi Pzj wK j¤^v bv †QvU? anikar cul ki lawmba na choTo?

‡QvU| choTo.

AvwbKvi Pzj wK ‡KuvKov bv ‡mvRv? anikar cul ki kokra na shoja.

‡mvRv| shoja.

mygb wK Pkgv c‡ob? shumawn ki cawshma pawren?

bv, Dwb Pkgv c‡ob bv| na, uni cawshma pawren na.

myg‡bi †Pv‡Li Kx is? shumawner cokher ki rawng?

Ibvi †PvL bxj| onar cokh neel.

Zvnwmb wK j¤^v? tahsin ki lawmba?

Dwb gvSvwi| uni majhari.

Dwb wK †gvUv? uni ki moTa.

bv, Dwb †ivMv| na, uni roga.

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Questions: 1. How many people were described? 2. What were their names? 3. What kind of hair does Anika have? 4. Does Shumawn wear glasses? 5. Does Shumawn have brown eyes? 6. Is Tahsin short and heavy?

9. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary on clothing and colors. Listen and repeat after the speaker. Black Gray Green Red Blue Yellow White

kalo chai/paka shobuj lal neel holud shada

Kv‡jv QvB/cvKv* meyR jvj bxj njy` mv`v

*The color “gray” is “chai,” except in the case of gray hair, which is “paka cul.”

Red Coat

jvj †KvU

Gray Suit

QvB is-Gi myU

Tan Pants

Blue Jeans

lal coat

chai rawnger suit

ghiya pant

neel jeans

wNqv c¨v›U

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bxj wRb&m

Green Jacket

Brown Sweater

Orange Shirt

Blue T-Shirt

meyR R¨v‡KU

L‡qix †mv‡qUvi

Kgjv kvU©

bxj wU-kvU©

shobuj jacket

khawyri sweater

kawmla shirt

neel T-shirt

Green Skirt

Purple Dress

White Sweat Suit

Yellow Shorts

meyR ¯‹vU©

‡e¸bx Rvgv

mv`v †mv‡qU myU

njy` kU©

shobuj skirt

beguni jama

shada sweat suit

holud short

Brown Boots

Blue Shoes

Black Hat

Gray Uniform

L‡qix eyU

bxj RyZv

Kv‡jv Uzwc

QvB is-Gi BDwbdg©

kalo Tupi

chai rawnger uniform

khawyri boot

neel juta

Black Socks

White Socks

Kv‡jv †gvRv

mv`v †gvRv

kalo moja

shada moja

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Sari

Punjabi

Shalwar Kameez

kvwo

cvÄvex

kv‡jvqvi KvwgR

shari

panjabi

shalwar kameez

10. Match each description with the corresponding picture. Fill in the blank with the correct letter. Note that there could be more than one match. Check your work with the answer key.

A 1. …… GKRb eq¯‹

B

gwnjv|

. ……aekjon bawyshko mohila.

2. ……‡mvbvjx Pzj |

. ……shonali cul .

3. ……j¤^v L‡qix Pzj| . ……lawmba khawyeri cul. 4. ……QvB is-Gi myU

cov|* 5. ……bxj c¨v›U

cov|

. ……chai rawng-er suit pawra. . ……neel pant pawra.

C 6. ……GKRb

Kgeqmx gwnjv| 7. ……j¤^v Avi †ivMv| 8. ……njy` Rvgv cov| 9. ……bxj wU-kvU© cov | 10. …… †gvUv|

D

. ……aekjon kawmbawyshi mohila . ……lawmba ar roga. . ……holud jama pawra. . ……neel T-shirt pawra. . ……moTa.

* “pawra”/“covÓ is a verbal noun and the verb “ach-” is implicit here. In English, this sentence could be translated as: “He is in the state of wearing a blue suit.” 190

11. Translate the following descriptions into English. Check your work with the answer key. A. gywbiv j¤^v Avi †ivMv| Ii 30 eQi| Ii †mvbvjx ‡KuvKov Pzj, meyR †PvL, Avi I Lye dm©v| munira lawmba ar roga. or 30 bawchor. or shonali kokra cul, shobuj cokh ar o khub phawrsha. B. bvBg j¤^v Avi †gvUv| Ibvi 45 eQi| Ibvi †QvU QvB is-Gi Pzj, bxj †PvL, Avi Dwb dm©v | nayeem lawmba ar moTa. onar 45 bawchor. onar choTo chai rawnger cul, neel cokh, ar uni phawrsha. C. ˆmwbKUvi †QvU Kv‡jv Pzj| Dwb †e‡U Avi †ivMv| shoinikTar choTo kalo cul. uni beTe ar roga. D. GKUv †QvU †g‡qi 10 eQi| I j¤^v Avi †ivMv| Ii j¤^v L‡qix Pzj, L‡qix †PvL, Avi I Kv‡jv| aekTa choTo meyr 10 bawchor. o lawmba ar roga. or lawmba khawyri cul, khawyri cokh, ar o kalo.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Describe the people you see in the pictures. For each person, include the approximate age, skin tone, color and length of hair, and what he/she is wearing. See the answer key for some ideas. Use the model:

‡Q‡jUv †ivMv Avi dm©v| Ii 10 eQi| Ii Kv‡jv Avi †KuvKov Pzj| | I meyR wU-kvU© cov| cheleTa roga ar phawrsha. or 10 bawchor. or kalo ar kokra cul. o shobuj T-shirt pawra.

1

4

2

5

3

6

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2. Come up with a simple description for each of the people listed below. (You may substitute any individual you wish for those listed.) Be sure to include hair color and length, approximate height and age, eye color, and skin tone. Example: My mother is 63 years old. She is tall and has a medium frame. She has short, gray hair and brown eyes. She has light skin. She wears glasses. A. Mother B. Father C. Co-worker D. President of the United States E. Your next-door neighbor 3. Work in pairs. Pretend that you and your partner are roommates. When you went to the store, someone came to visit you. Now you are back. Ask your roommate questions about that person’s appearance. Your partner will describe the visitor. In Bangla, say how he/she looks (Is he/she tall or short? Heavy or thin? What kind of hair does he/she have? What was he wearing? What colors were the clothes?). Example: 1. Was the visitor thin or fat? 2. What color was her hair? 3. Was she wearing a dress? 4. She was thin and very tall. 5. She had dark hair. 6. She was wearing a long, green skirt.

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Vocabulary List Average Beard Black Blond Blue Blue jeans Boots Brown Color Curly Dark Dress Ears Eyes Face Frame Glasses Gray Green Hair Hat Jacket Large Light Long Man Medium Mouth Nose Old Punjabi Pants Red Sari Shirt Shoes Short

gvSvwi `vwo Kv‡jv ‡mvbvjx bxj bxj wRb&m eyU L‡qix is ‡KuvKov Kv‡jv Rvgv Kvb ‡PvL ‡Pnviv Mob Pkgv QvB/cvKv meyR Pzj Uzwc R¨v‡KU eo nvév j¤^v gvbyl gvSvwi gyL bvK cyiv‡bv cvÄvex c¨v›U jvj kvwo kvU© RyZv ‡e‡U

majhari dari kalo shonali neel neel jeans boot khawyri rawng kokra kalo jama kan cokh cehara gawron cawshma chai/paka shobuj cul Tupi jacket bawro halka lawmba manush majhari mukh nak purano panjabi pant lal shari shirt juta beTe

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Skin Skirt Small Straight Suit Sweater Sweats Tall Thin Wear T-shirt White Woman Yellow Young

camra skirt choTo shoja suit sweater sweats lawmba roga pawr-; pawra T-shirt shada mohila holud kawmbawyshi

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Pvgov ¯‹vU© ‡QvU ‡mvRv myU ‡mv‡qUvi ‡mv‡qU&m j¤^v ‡ivMv co-; cov wU-kvU© mv`v gwnjv njy` Kgeqmx

Answer Key 7. Blue

green

thin

brown

bxj

meyR

‡ivMv x

L‡qix

neel

shobuj

roga

khawyri

Short

glasses

tall

average

‡e‡U

Pkgv x

j¤^v

gvSvwi

beTe

cawshma

lawmba

majhari

Nose

beard

heavy

eyes

bvK

`vwo

‡gvUv x

‡PvL

nak

dari

moTa

cokh

Blond

gray

height

dark

‡mvbvjx

cvKv

D”PZv x

Kv‡jv

shonali

paka

uccota

kalo

8. 1. - What color is Anika’s hair? - Her hair is brown. - Is Anika’s hair long or short? - It’s short. - Is Anika’s hair curly or straight? - It’s straight. 2. - Does Shumon wear glasses? - No, he doesn’t wear glasses. - What color are Shumon eyes? - His eyes are blue. 3. - Is Tahsin tall? - He is of average height. - Is he heavy? - No, he is thin. Questions: 1. How many people were described?

KqRb‡K eY©bv Kiv n‡jv? kawyjonke bawrnona kawra holo?

wZbRb‡K eY©bv Kiv n‡jv| tinjonke bawrnona kawra holo

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2. What were their names?

Ibv‡`i bvg Kx? onader nam ki?

Ibv‡`i bvg AvwbKv, mygb, Zvnwmb| onader nam anika, shumawn, tahsin. 3. What kind of hair does Anika have?

AvwbKvi PzjUv †Kgb? anikar culTa kaemon?

AvwbKvi PzjUv L‡qix, †QvU, Avi ‡mvRv| anikar culTa khawyri, choTo, ar shoja. 4. Does Shumawn wear glasses?

mygb wK Pkgv c‡ob? Shumawn ki cawshma pawren?

bv, mygb Pkgv c‡ob bv| na, shumawn cawshma pawren na. 5. Does Shumawn have brown eyes?

myg‡bi wK L‡qix †PvL? shumawner ki khawyri cokh?

bv, myg‡bi bxj †PvL| na, shumawner neel cokh 6. Is Tahsin short and heavy?

Zvnwmb wK †e‡U Avi †gvUv? tahsin ki beTe ar moTa?

bv, Zvnwmb gvSvwi Avi †ivMv| na, tahsin majhari ar roga. 10.

A

B

C

197

D

E

1. ……. is an old woman. 2. ……. has blond hair. 3. ……. has long brown hair. 4. ……. is wearing a gray suit. 5. ……. is wearing blue pants. 6. ……. is a young woman. 7. ……. is tall and thin. 8. ……. is wearing a yellow dress. 9. ……. is wearing a blue t-shirt. 10…….. is heavy. 1. D …… GKRb

. ……aekjon bawyshko mohila.

eq¯‹ gwnjv| 2. E……‡mvbvjx Pzj | . ……shonali cul.

6. C …GKRb Kgeqmx

gwnjv|

. ……aekjon kawmbawyshi mohila

†ivMv|

. ……lawmba ar roga.

7. C …j¤^v Avi

3. B …j¤^v L‡qix Pzj|

. ……lawmba khawyeri cul .

4. A ……QvB is-Gi

. ……chair awn-er suit pawra.

9. B …bxj wU-kvU©

cov|

. ……neel shirt pawra.

. ……neel pant pawra.

10. A … †gvUv|

. ……moTa.

myU cov|* 5. E……bxj c¨v›U cov|

8. C …njy` Rvgv

cov|

. ……holud jama pawra.

11. A. Munira is tall and thin. She is 30 years old. She has blond curly hair, green eyes, and fair skin.

gywbiv j¤^v Avi †ivMv| Ii 30 eQi| Ii †mvbvjx ‡KuvKov Pzj, meyR †PvL, Avi I Lye dm©v| munira lawmba ar roga. or 30 bawchor. or shonali kokra cul, shobuj cokh ,ar o khub phawrsha. B. Nayeem is tall and heavy. He is 45 years old. He has short gray hair, blue eyes, and light skin.

bvBg j¤^v Avi †gvUv| Ibvi 45 eQi| Ibvi †QvU QvB is-Gi Pzj, bxj †PvL, Avi Dwb dm©v | nayeem lawmba ar moTa. onar 45 bawchor. onar choTo chai rawnger cul, neel cokh, ar uni phawrsha. C. The soldier has dark short hair. He is short and thin.

ˆmwbKUvi †QvU Kv‡jv Pzj| Dwb †e‡U Avi †ivMv| shoinikTar choTo kalo cul. uni beTe ar roga. D. A young girl is 10 years old. She is tall and thin. She has long brown hair, brown eyes, and dark skin.

GKUv †QvU †g‡qi 10 eQi| I j¤^v Avi †ivMv| Ii j¤^v L‡qix Pzj, L‡qix †PvL, Avi I Kv‡jv| aekTa choTo meyr 10 bawchor. o lawmba ar roga. or lawmba khawyri cul, khawyri cokh, ar o kalo 198

End-of-Lesson Tasks 1.

‡Q‡jUv †ivMv Avi dm©v| Ii 10 eQi| Ii Kv‡jv Avi †KuvKov Pzj| | I meyR wU-kvU© cov| cheleTa roga ar phawrsha. or 10 bawchor. or kalo ar kokra cul. o shobuj T-shirt pawra.

1

4

2

5

3

6

1. ‡g‡qUv †ivMv Avi k¨vgjv| Ii 20 eQi| Ii L‡qix Avi ‡KuvKov Pzj| I jvj wU-kvU© cov| meyTa roga ar shaemla. or 20 bawchor. or khawyri ar kokra cul. o lal T-shirt pawra. 2. gwnjvUv eq¯‹ Avi dm©v| Ibvi 50 eQi| Ibvi †mvbvjx Avi †mvRv Pzj| Dwb Pkgv c‡ob| Dwb bxj

kvU© cov| mohilaTa bawyshko ar phawrsha. onar 50 bawchor. onar shonali ar shoja cul. uni cawshma pawren. uni neel shirt pawra. 3. ‡jvKUv ‡ivMv Avi dm©v| Ibvi 30 eQi| Ibvi Kv‡jv Avi ‡QvU Pzj| Dwb Pkgv c‡ob| Dwb bxj kvU©

Avi myU cov| lokTa roga ar phawrsha. onar 30 bawchor. onar kalo ar choTo cul. uni cawshma pawren. uni neel shirt ar suit pawra. 199

. 4. ‡Q‡jUv ‡ivMv Avi k¨vgjv| Ii 18 eQi| Ii Kv‡jv Avi †mvRv Pzj| I mv`v Avi meyR kvU© cov| cheleTa roga ar shaemla. or 18 bawchor. or kalo ar kokra cul. o shobuj T-shirt pawra. 5. ‡Q‡jUv gvSvwi Avi Kv‡jv| Ii 25 eQi| Ii Pzj bvB| I jvj kvU© Avi Kv‡jv myU cov| cheleTa majhari ar kalo. or 25 bawchor. or cul nai. o lal shirt ar kalo suit pawra. 6. ‡jvKUv eq¯‹ Avi dm©v | Ibvi 60 eQi| Ibvi cvKv Pzj | Dwb mv`v wU-kvU© cov| lokTa bawyshko ar phawrsha. onar 60 bawchor. onar paka cul. uni shada T-shirt pawra.

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Lesson 13 Transportation

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

cwienY

poribawhon

This lesson will introduce you to: - The verbs of motion - The ways of asking questions regarding the different modes of transportation - The different types of transportation available in Bangladesh.

The public transportation system has gradually been developing in Bangladesh for the last fifteen years. There has been a spurt of buses, taxis, auto-rickshaws, inter-district buses, air-conditioned buses, etc. recently. Rickshaws, which were the main mode of transportation even ten years ago, are now being eliminated from the major roads of the capital. In the rural areas, crisscrossed by rivers and their tributaries, boats are the means of navigating rivers; buses, rickshaws, auto and van-rickshaws ply the paved and unpaved roads. Approximately ten years ago, inter-district trains were very popular, but delay and management problems have led to their relative decline. Only the elite and the upper middle class own a private vehicle. The majority of the population has no access to private cars and relies on rickshaws and auto-rickshaws for short distances, and buses and trains for longer routes. The major towns have small airports and are connected to each other and to the capital, Dhaka, by plane. A few years ago, a private airline started to operate in addition to the governmentowned airlines.

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1. Listen and repeat the following words as you read along.

Airplane

Bicycle

Ship

Bus

‡c−Bb

mvB‡Kj

RvnvR

evm

plane

cycle

jahaj

bus

Car

Ferryboat

Mvwo

†dix

gari

ferry

Helicopter

†nwjKÞvi helicopter

Motorcycle

Taxi

Train

Truck

gUi mvB‡Kj

U¨vw·

‡Uªb

Uª&vK

motor cycle

taxi

train

truck

Notes on the verbs of motion: “to walk,” “to drive,” and “to ride.” There are a large number of “compound verbs” in Bangla, which should be generally considered as verbal units, as the meaning is not easily derived from the elements. Examples: I walk to the library/concert: ami library-te hete jai. I walk in the library: ami library-te hati. I drive to the petrol station: ami petrol station-e gari caliye jai. I drive in the petrol station: ami petrol station-e gari calai. I ride the bus to the library/ concert: ami library-te/anushThane bus-e core jai. I ride the bus: ami bus-e cori. 202

2. Listen to the questions and answers about using different forms of transportation. Repeat after the speaker as you read along. How do you go to work?

Avcwb Kxfv‡e Kv‡R hvb? apni kibhabe kaje jan?

by car / Mvwo‡Z/garite by bus/ evm-G/bus-e by train/ †Uª‡b/train-e by bicycle/ mvB‡K‡j/cycle-e

I Avwg by boat/ ami ‡bŠKvq/noukai (go) by motorcycle/ gUi mvB‡K‡j/motor cycle-e

go hvB jaii

I Avwg ami (take the)

by truck/ UªvKG/truck-e

car/ Mvwo/gari bus/ evm/ bus train/ †Uªb/ train bicycle/ mvB‡Kj/cycle boat/ ‡bŠKv/nouka motorcycle/ gUi mvB‡Kj/ motor cycle truck/ UªvK/ truck

(take) (†bB) I walk (nei) Avwg nuvwU ami hati

Model: who + the verb of motion + mode of transportation + destination

‡K + wµqvc` + cwienb e¨e¯’v + MšÍe¨ ke + kriyapawd + poribawhon baebostha + gontobbo Example: I ride a bus to school.

Avwg evm-G ¯‹z‡j hvB| ami bus-e school-e jaii.

3. Read and listen to each statement below and match it with the correct picture. Check your work with the answer key. A. Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K w`b mKv‡j evm-G ¯‹z‡j hvB| ami prottek din shawkale bus-e school-e jaii. B. ‰mwbKiv Avwg© UªvK-G P‡o| shoinikra army truck-e cawre. C. hLb e„wó c‡o Avgiv U¨vw· †bB| jawkhon brishTi pawre amra taxi nei.

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D. Avwg Kv‡R Mvwo‡Z hvB| ami kaje garite jaii. E. Avgvi eÜz Kv‡R mvB‡K‡j hvq| amar bondhu kaje cycle-e jai. F. Avgvi fvB gUi mvB‡Kj Pvjvq| amar bhai motor cycle calai.

1

4

2

5

3

6

4. Make complete sentences out of the words below. Use the following model. When you have finished, check your work with the answer key. Model: who + the verb of motion + mode of transportation + destination

‡K + wµqvc` + cwienb e¨e¯’v + MšÍe¨ ke + kriyapawd + poribawhon baebostha + gontobbo Example: I ride a bus to school.

Avwg evm-G ¯‹z‡j hvB| ami bus-e school-e jaii. I take the bus to school every morning.

Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K w`b mKv‡j evm-G ¯‹z‡j hvB| ami prottek din shawkale bus-e school-e jaii.

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I, motorcycle, my brother, ride, to, school, bicycle, our parents, car, airport, train,

Avwg, gUi mvB‡Kj, Avgvi fvB, Po-, G, ¯‹zj*, mvB‡Kj, Avgv‡`i gv-evev, Mvwo, Gqvi‡cvU©/wegvb e›`i, †Uªb ami, motor cycle, amar bhai, cawr-, e, school, cycle, amader ma-baba, gari, airport/biman bawndor, train concert, library, my friend, drive, taxi, bus, walk

Abyôvb, jvB‡eªix/cvVvMvi, Avgvi eÜz, Pvjv-, U¨vw·, evm, nuvUanushThan, library/paThagar, amar bondhu, cala-, taxi. bus. haT*In Bangladesh, students in grades 1-10 are in school; grades 11-12 are in college; and undergraduate and graduate students are at a university. Example: You need to go to the post office, but don’t know how to get there. Ask a stranger on the street how to get there. - Excuse me; I want to go to the post office. How do I get there? - GB †h fvB/Avcv; Avwg †cvó Awdm †h‡Z PvB| Kxfv‡e hve? - ei je bhai/apa; ami post office jete cai. kibhabe jabo? - Take a rickshaw/CNG taxi/ any bus. - wiKkvq hvb|/ wm. Gb. wR. U¨vw· ‡bb|/ †h †Kvb evm-G hvb| - rickshai jan/CNG taxi nen / je kono bus-e jan. -Thank you. - ab¨ev`| -dhonnobad.

5. Now read the following exchanges. Listen to them and repeat after the speaker. - Excuse me; I want to go to the library. How do I get there?

- GB †h fvB/Avcv; Avwg jvB‡eªix‡Z †h‡Z PvB| Kxfv‡e hve? - ei je bhai/apa; ami library-te jete cai. kibhabe jabo? - Take a rickshaw.

- wiKkvq hvb| - rickshai jan. - Thanks.

- ab¨ev`| - dhonnobad. - How do I get to the hospital? - nvmcvZv‡j Kxfv‡e hve? - hashpatale kibhabe jabo?

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- Take a taxi.

- U¨vw·‡Z hvb| - taxi-te jan. - Thank you very much. - A‡bK ab¨ev` | - awnek dhonnobad. - (Would you) please tell me how to get to the hotel from the airport? - Kxfv‡e †nv‡Uj †_‡K Gqvi‡cv‡U© hve Avgv‡K GKUz e‡jb| - kibhabe hotel theke airport jabo amake ekTu bawlen? - On the bus./ Take a taxi. - evm-G hvb|/U¨vw·‡Z hvb| - bus-e jan./ taxi-te jan. - Thank you.

- ab¨ev`| - dhonnobad. 6. Working with a partner, make up similar exchanges. Use the words from Exercise 5 and the pictures below to choose the destination. When you have finished, check your work with the answer key.

Abyôvb

i“wUi †`vKvb

Gqvi‡cvU©

onushThan

ruTir dokan

airport

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7. Now listen to the dialogues and mark the statement that you hear. Check your answers with the answer key.

1.

A. Do you take a taxi to the concert? No, I take my car. B. Do you take a bus to the concert? No, I take my car. C. Do you take a train to the concert? No, I take my car.

2.

A. What bus should I take to the post office? Bus number 18. B. What street should I take to the post office? 18th Street. C. What exit should I take to the post office? Exit 18.

3.

A. My parents drive their cars to work, but we ride our bicycles. B. My parents drive their cars to work, but we walk. C. My parents drive their cars to work, but we take the train.

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At a service station

‡c‡Uªvj cvg&c

petrol pump

8. Familiarize yourself with the following vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and follow along in your book. Gas Gas/ Service station Diesel Oil Tire/tires Air Water Flat tire Road Highway Local road Railroad

petrol petrol pump diesel tel caka/cakaguli hawa pani caka puncture rasta/road highway sthaniyo rasta/road railpawth

Bangladesh uses the metric system, i.e., liters, meters etc. 1 gallon = 3.785 liters 1 quart = .946 liters 1 liter = 2.1 pints 10 liters = 2.63 gallons

208

†c‡Uªvj ‡c‡Uªvj cvg&c wW‡Rj †Zj PvKv/PvKv¸wj nvIqv cvwb PvKv cvsKPvi iv¯Ív/‡ivW nvBI‡q š’vbxq iv¯Ív/†ivW ‡ijc_

9. Listen to the people at a service station and find out what each one needs. Circle the English equivalents of the terms you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. A.

Air

Gas

Diesel

Tires

Oil

Car Wash

B.

Air

Gas

Diesel

Tires

Oil

Car Wash

C.

Air

Gas

Diesel

Tires

Oil

Car Wash

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Tell how you would get to the following places using various modes of transportation. Try to make your story interesting and include as many details as you can.

2. Listen and write down the responses to the questions below. Check your work with the answer key. A. -

-

Avgvi †c‡Uªvj bvB| †c‡Uªvj cvg&ú †Kv_vq? amar petrol naii. petrol pump kothai?

-

Avgvi PvKv cvsKPvi| PvKvq nvIqv w`‡Z cvi‡eb? amar caka puncture. cakai hawa dite parben?

-

GK wjUvi †cUª‡ji `vg KZ? aek liter petroler dam kawto?

-

Avcbvi KZ †c‡Uªvj PvB? apnar kawto petrol cai?

B.

C.

D.

-

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Vocabulary List Air Airplane Bicycle Boat Bus Car Concert Diesel Ferryboat Gallon Gas Helicopter Highway Library Liter Local road Motorcycle Oil Railroad Service/Gas station School Ship Taxi Tire/tires Train Truck Water Work How do you get to work? I drive my car. I take a bus to go to school. How do I get to the hospital?

hawa/batash plane/biman cycle nouka bus gari onushThan diesel ferry gallon petrol helicopter highway library/paThagar liter rasta motor cycle tel railpawth petrol pump school jahaj taxi caka/cakagulo train truck pani kaj apni kibhabe kaje jan? ami gari calaii. ami bus-e school-e jaii. ami hashpatale kibhabe jabo?

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nvIqv/evZvm ‡c−Bb/wegvb mvB‡Kj ‡bŠKv evm Mvwo Abyôvb wW‡Rj ‡dwi M¨vjb ‡c‡Uªvj ‡nwjKÞvi nvBI‡q jvBeªvix/ cvVvMvi wjUvi iv¯Ív gUi mvB‡Kj ‡Zj ‡ijc_ †c‡Uªvj cvg&ú ¯^yj RvnvR U¨vw· PvKv/PvKv¸wj ‡Uªb UªvK cvwb KvR Avcwb Kxfv‡e Kv‡R hvb? Avwg Mvwo PvjvB| Avwg evm-G ¯‹z‡j hvB| Avwg nvmcvZv‡j Kxfv‡e hve?

Answer Key 3. A. Avwg cÖ‡Z¨K w`b mKv‡j evm-G ¯‹z‡j hvB| ami prottek din shawkale bus-e school-e jaii. B. ‰mwbKiv Avwg© UªvK-G P‡o| shoinikra army truck-e cawre. C. hLb e„wó c‡o Avgiv U¨vw· †bB| jawkhon brishTi pawre amra taxi nei. D. Avwg Kv‡R Mvwo‡Z hvB| ami kaje garite jaii. E. Avgvi eÜz Kv‡R mvB‡K‡j hvq| amar bondhu kaje cycle-e jai. F. Avgvi fvB gUi mvB‡Kj Pvjvq| amar bhai motor cycle calai. 1. F My brother rides a motorcycle. 2. D. I drive my car to go to work. 3. E My friend rides his bike to work. 4. B Soldiers ride in an army truck. 5. C When it’s raining, we take a taxi. 6. A I take the bus to school every morning. 4.

1. Avwg gUi mvB‡K‡j jvB‡eªix‡Z hvB| ami motor cycle-e libraryte jaii.

2. Avgvi fvB Mvwo Pvwj‡q Abyôv‡b hvq| amar bhai gari caliye onushThane jai.

3. Avgvi gv-evev U¨vw·‡Z Gqvi‡cvU© hvq| amar ma-baba taxite airport jai.

4. Avgvi eÜy †nu‡U ¯‹z‡j hvq| amar bondhu heTe schoole jai.

5. Avwg evm-G P‡o Gqvi‡cvU© hvB| ami bus-e core airport jaii.

6. Avgvi fvB mvB‡K‡j ¯‹z‡j hvq| amar bhai cycle-e school-e jai.

7. Avgvi gv-evev ‡Uª‡b Gqvi‡cvU© hvq| amar ma-baba train-e airport jai.

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6.

- GB †h fvB; Avwg Abyôv‡b †h‡Z PvB| Kxfv‡e hve? - ei je bhai; ami onushThane jete cai. kibhabe jabo? - wiKkvq hvb| - rickshai jan. - Thanks.

- ab¨ev`| - dhonnobad. - Avwg i“wUi †`vKv‡b Kxfv‡e hve? - ami ruTir dokane kibhabe jabo?

- wm.Gb. wR U¨vw·‡Z hvb| - CNG taxi-te jan. - A‡bK ab¨ev` | - awnek dhonnobad. - Kxfv‡e Gqvi‡cv‡U© hve Avgv‡K GKUz e‡jb| - kibhabe airport jabo amake ekTu bawlen. - U¨vw·‡Z hvb| - taxite jan.

- ab¨ev`| - dhonnobad. 7. 1.

A. Do you take a taxi to the concert? No, I take my car.

Avcwb wK Abyôv‡b U¨vw· †bb? bv, Avwg Avgvi Mvwo‡Z hvB| apni ki onushThane taxi nen? na, ami amar garite jaii.

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B. What street should I take to the post office? 18th Street.

2.

Kxfv‡e †cvó Awdm hve? †cvó Awdm 18 b¤^i iv¯Ívq| kibhabe post office jabo? post office 18 number rastai. 3. C. My parents drive their cars to work, but we take the train.

Avgvi gv-evev Mvwo‡Z Kv‡R hvb, wKš‘ Avgiv †Uª‡b hvB| amar ma-baba garite kaje jan, kintu amra train-e jaii 9. A.

- I need some air for my tires. - Avgvi PvKvq nvIqv jvM‡e| - amar cakai hawa lagbe.

B.

- I need 10 liters of gas and 1 liter of oil. - Avgvi 10 wjUvi †c‡Uªvj Avi 1 wjUvi †Zj jvM‡e| - amar 10 liter petrol ar 1 liter tel lagbe.

D.

- I need diesel for my car. - Avgvi Mvwo‡Z wW‡Rj jvM‡e| - amar garite diesel lagbe.

End of Lesson Tasks 2. A. - I have no gas. Where is the gas station? - Two miles this way. B. - I have a flat tire. Will you be able to put air in the tire? -Yes, we will. C. - How much is the gas per liter/gallon? - $ 40 per liter D. – How much gas do you want? - 5 liters/gallons please. A.

- Avgvi †c‡Uªvj bvB| †c‡Uªvj cvg&ú †Kv_vq? - amar petrol naii. petrol pump kothai? - Gw`†K `yB gvBj| - edike dui mile. B.

- Avgvi PvKv cvsKPvi| PvKvq nvIqv w`‡Z cvi‡eb? -

amar caka puncture. cakai hawa dite parben?

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-

nu¨v cvie| hae parbo.

C.

- GK wjUvi †cUª‡ji `vg KZ? - aek liter petroler dam kawto? - GK wjUv‡ii `vg $ 40 | - aek literer dam $ 40 liter. D.

- Avcbvi KZ †c‡Uªvj PvB? -

apnar kawto petrol cai?

- GKUz 5 wjUvi †`b| -

ekTu 5 liter den.

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Lesson 14 Travel

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

ågY

bhromon

This lesson will introduce you to: - Vocabulary related to travel - How to buy a train, bus, or airplane ticket - How to understand schedules - Border crossing and roadblock procedures.

In airports, all signs and announcement are given in Bangla and English, and the layout conforms to international conventions -- check-in counters, arrival, departure, gates, security, baggage (luggage) claim, etc. In train and bus stations, this is not the case. Train stations have ticket counters inside a building, but bus stations may simply be an office in a small building or be a box-office on a street, with buses waiting outside on the street. Tickets are inexpensive relative to the dollar. On trains, first class has A/C and non-A/C categories, and there is also a second class and third class. Most people travel 2nd and 3rd class, while the high income earners travel 1st class. The really affluent rarely use public transportation. Inter-city bus service has improved dramatically and has become more popular than trains on many routes. There are different quality busses, ranging from the very basic to ones better than 1st class A/C trains with reclining seats and on-board movies.

216

1. Listen to the following dialogue about buying a ticket at a train station, and read along in the workbook.

‰mwbK: shoiknik: Soldier:

GB †h fvB| ei je bhai. Excuse me, sir.

wU‡KU we‡µZv: Kx Ki‡Z cvwi? ticket bikreta: ki korte pari? Ticket Seller: What can I do for you?

‰mwbK:

Avgvi XvKvi GKUv wU‡KU jvM‡e|

shoinik: Soldier:

amar Dhakar aekTa ticket lagbe. I need to buy a ticket to Dhaka.

wU‡KU we‡µZv: K‡e hv‡eb/hv‡”Qb?* ticket bikreta: kawbe jaben/jacchen? Ticket Seller: Departing on what day?

‰mwbK:

AvR‡K|

shoinik: Soldier:

ajke. Today.

wU‡KU we‡µZv: GK w`‡K/ Iqvb-I‡q bv hvIqv-Avmv/ ivDÛ wUªc? ticket bikreta: aek dike/one-way or jawa-asha/roundtrip? Ticket Seller: One-way or roundtrip?

‰mwbK:

hvIqv-Avmv/ ivDÛ wUªc|

shoinik: Soldier:

jawa-asha/Roundtrip. Roundtrip

wU‡KU we‡µZv: cÖ_g †kªYx bv wØZxq †kªYx (dv÷© K¬vm bv ‡m‡KÛ K¬vm)? tiket bikreta: prothom sreni na ditiyo sreni (first class na second class)? Ticket Seller: First class or second class?

‰mwbK:

wØZxq †kªYx (‡m‡KÊ K¬vm) †`b|

shoinik: Soldier:

ditiyo sreni (second class) den. Second class.

wU‡KU we‡µZv: K‡e wdi‡Qb/ wdi‡eb*? ticket bikreta: kawbe phirchen/ phirben*? Ticket Seller: Returning on what day?

217

‰mwbK:

ïµevi|

shoinik: Soldier:

shukrobar. Friday

wU‡KU we‡µZv: mKvj, `ycyi, bv mܨv? ticket bikreta: shawkal, dupur, na shondha? Ticket Seller: Morning, afternoon, or evening?

‰mwbK:

`ycyi|

shoinik: Soldier:

dupur. Afternoon.

wU‡KU we‡µZv: GKUz 100 UvKv †`b| c‡ii †UªbUv c−¨vUdg© 5 †_‡K GK NÈvi g‡a¨ Qvo‡e*| ticket bikreta: aekTu aeksho Taka den. pawrer trainTa platform 5 theke aek ghawnTar moddhe charbe. Ticket Seller: One hundred taka, please. The next train leaves in one hour from platform number 5.

‰mwbK:

ab¨ev`| †Uªb b¤^i KZ?

shoinik: Soldier:

dhonnobad. train number kawto? Thank you. What is the train number?

wU‡KU we‡µZv: 76 ticket bikreta: 76 Ticket Seller: 76

‰mwbK:

GUv wK G·‡cÖm †Uªb?

shoinik: Soldier:

eTa ki express train? Is this an express train?

wU‡KU we‡µZv: nu¨v, GUv GKUv G·‡cÖm ‡Uªb| ticket bikreta: hae, eTa ekTa express train? Ticket Seller: Yes, it is an express train. “going”/ “jacchen”: ja- +cch+ en (3rd person ending), is the present continuous tense and “will go”/ “jaben” is the future tense. Both can be used to express action in the immediate future. Similarly, “returning”/ “phirchen”: phir- + ch+ en (3rd person ending) or “will return”/ “phirben” can be used for coming back. “leaves in one hour” can be translated as “aek ghawnTar moddhe charbe,” i.e., within an hour; or aek ghawnTai charbe, i.e., in an hour. The latter is used in the rest of the lesson as it is easier.

218

A few verbs used at places of travel like the airport or train station are given below. In Bangla, these verbs are also used in daily interactions and conversations. In the airport, the signs for departure and arrival are more formal: “departure” is “bohirgawmon”; and “arrival” is “agomon.” “board” : oTh-: jatrira plane-e uThche: The passengers are boarding the plane. “depart/arrive”: char- / ash-, poucha-: trainTa aTTai charbe/ashbe, pouchabe.: The train will depart/arrive at 8:00. “leave/come back/return”: ja-/ pher-: ami shatTai jabo/phirbo.: I will leave/come back at 7:00. “must”: verb stem + te + hawbe: kor- +te hawbe: amar korte hawbe.: I must/have to do it. “need”: lag-: apnar ticket lag + be.: You will need a ticket.

2. Read the dialogue with a partner. Take turns being the Ticket Seller and Soldier. 3. Role-play the dialogue. You can substitute the name of a city where you need to buy a ticket to, the time and day of arriving and departing, and the price of the ticket. The simple future tense expresses action that will take place in the future. To form the simple future tense of any verb in Bangla, /-b/ is added to the high stem of most verb stems followed by personal endings. The verb stems that have –a- do not change. Example: I will play = ami + khael>khel- + b+o = ami khelbo I will go = ami + ja- + b + o = ami jabo The personal endings are given below: Person 1st (ami) 2nd (apni honorific) 2nd (tumi ordinary) 3rd (ini/uni/tini honorific) 3rd (e/o/she ordinary)

Verb Stem

Ending

-

-o -en -e -en -e

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4. Listen to the following statements and read along in the workbook. Attention, passengers! The next express train to Rajshahi will depart from platform 10 in 15 minutes.

hvÎx‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y KiwQ| ivRkvnxi cieZx/c‡ii G·‡cÖm †Uªb 10 b¤^i c−¨vUdg© †_‡K 15 wgwb‡U Qvo‡e| jatrider monojog akorshon korchi. rajshahir pawroborti /pawrer express train 10 number platform theke 15 minute-e charbe. Attention, passengers! The next local train will arrive at platform 10 in 5 minutes.

hvÎx‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y KiwQ| cieZx©/Gi c‡ii †jvKvj †Uªb 10 b¤^i c−¨vUdg©-G 5 wgwb‡U †cuŠQv‡e| jatrider monojog akorshon korchi. pawroborti/er pawrer local train 10 number platform e 5 minute-e pouchabe. Attention, passengers! Flight number 92 from Sydney will be one hour late. Please check the schedule for updates.

hvÎx‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y KiwQ| d¬vBU b¤^i 92 wmWbx †_‡K GK N›Uv †`ix‡Z Avm‡e| AbyMÖn K‡i mgqUv mgqm~Px‡Z †`‡L wb‡eb| jatrider monojog akorshon korchi. flight number 92 sydney theke aek ghawnTa derite ashbe. onugroho kore shomoiTa shomoishucite dekhe niben. Attention, passengers! The bus from Sylhet will arrive at terminal 3 in 10 minutes.

hvÎx‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y KiwQ| wm‡jU †_‡K evm 3 b¤^i Uvwg©bv‡j 10 wgwb‡U †cuŠQv‡e| jatrider monojog akorshon korchi. silet er bus 3 number terminal e 10 minute-e pouchabe.

5. Match each picture with the correct Bangla term by writing the term below the correct picture. Check the answer key.

220

Passengers Luggage/baggage

jatrira malpawtro/ baksho luggage

Platform Schedule Ticket Check-in counter Waiting area Gate

platform shomoishuci ticket counter bisram ghawr gate

hvÎxiv gvjcÎ/ev· jv‡MR* c−¨vUdg© mgqm~Px wU‡KU KvD›Uvi wekªvg Ni ‡MBU

*Suitcases are referred to as baksho/malpawtro, but in the airport they are called luggage, and the baggage claim area is “luggage area.” To express obligation, the final verb is hawbe or lagbe, where hawbe is more emphatic than lagbe. Example: You have to go = tomar jete hawbe./ “you must have a ticket” = “apnar ticket lagbe.” “hawbe” is preceded by a verb; e.g., jete hawbe; “lagbe” is preceded by a noun; e.g., ticket lagbe. “Must/have to” are expressed as: the high stem of the verb + te + hawbe (the future of the verb to be). Example: ni- + te + hawbe = nite + hawbe; “amar ticketTa nite hawbe” = “I must/have to take the ticket.” “Need” is also expressed with lag- or the word, “dawrkar.” Thus, I need = “amar lage”/ “amar dawrkar.” lag-” is more emphatic than “dawrkar.” Thus, “you must have a ticket” is not “apnar ticket dawrkar”, but “apnar ticket lagbe.” In Bangla, “need” can often be substituted for “must,” such as in the sentence in question #6: “train-e uThte apnar ticket lagbe” is more idiomatic then “train-e uThte apnar ticket thakte hawbe.” The alternative expression is: “train-e uThar jonno apnar ticket lagbe.” 221

6. Listen to the following announcements while you read along in the workbook. You must have a ticket to board the train.

‡Uª‡b DV‡Z Avcbvi wU‡KU jvM‡e| train-e uThte apnar ticket lagbe. You must have a ticket to board the airplane.

‡c−B‡b DV‡Z Avcbvi wU‡KU jvM‡e| plane-e uThte apnar ticket lagbe. Passengers for flight number 25 must go to gate 14.

d¬vBU b¤^i 25 Gi hvÎx‡`i 14 b¤^i †MB‡U †h‡Z n‡e| flight number 25 er jatrider 14 number gate-e jete hawbe. You must pay for your ticket.

Avcbvi wU‡K‡Ui cqmv w`‡Z n‡e| apnar ticketer pawysha dite hawbe. Passengers have to wait in the waiting area.

hvÎx‡`i I‡qwUs i“‡g/ wekªvg N‡i A‡c¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| jatrider waiting room/ bisram ghawre awpekkha korte hawbe. You have to wait for your luggage at the baggage claim area.

Avcbvi ev‡·i Rb¨ Avcbv‡K jv‡MR Gwiqv‡Z A‡c¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| apnar baksher jonno luggage area-te awpekkha korte hawbe.

7. Fill in the blanks with the correct term from the list below. Check your answers with the answer key.

Avcbv‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y KiwQ jv‡MR Gwiqv G·‡cÖm cÖ_g †kªYx/dv÷© K¬vm c−¨vUdg©

apnader monojog akorshon korchi luggage area express prothom sreni/first class platform shomoishuci ditiyo sreni/second class ticket counter gate

mgqm~Px

wØZxq †kªYx/‡m‡KÛ K¬vm wU‡KU KvD›Uvi ‡MBU

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A.

wU‡KU ‡Kbvi Rb¨ __________ hvb| ticket kenar jonno __________ jan. B.

Avcbvi ev‡·i Rb¨ Avcbvi __________ †h‡Z n‡e| apnar baksher jonno apnar __________________ jete hawbe. C. ___________________! evm-G DV‡Z me hvÎx‡`i wU‡KU jvM‡e| ___________________! bus-e uThte shawb jatrider ticket lagbe. D.

Avcbvi d¬vBU KLb hv‡e ___________________†`‡L †bb| apnar flight kawkhon jabe _________________dekhe nen. E. ___________________ †UªbUv `ª“Z hvq KviY †mUv Kg _v‡g| _____________trainTa druto jai karon sheTa kawm thame. F.

cÖ‡Z¨KUv †Uªb wfbœ ___________________ ‡cuŠQvq| prottekTa train bhinno________________ pouchai. G.

hvÎx‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y KiwQ! d¬vBU b¤^i 725, ___________________ G-17 †_‡K Qvo‡Q| jatrider monojog akorshon korchi! flight number 725, ______________A-17* theke charche. * For initials, capital letters are used in the Romanization to indicate the alphabet instead of the pronunciation.

8. For each question below, there is a corresponding answer. Match them by writing the letter of each question on the blank line in front of the appropriate answer. Check your answers with the answer key. A. GKUv †jvKvj †Uªb wU‡KU †Kv_vq wKb‡Z

1. wR, wbðqB|

cvie? aekTa local train ticket kothai kinte parbo?

jee, nishcawy.

B. Kzwóqv, Lyjbvi c‡ii evmUv KLb? kushTia, khulnar pawrer busTa kawkhon?

2. Kzwóqvi c‡ii evm 20 wgwb‡U Qvo‡e| kushTiar pawrer bus 20 minute-e charbe.

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C. Kzwgj−v, wPUvMs-Gi dv÷© K¬vm wU‡KU KZ?

3. c−¨vUdg© G‡Ki Gi cv‡k wU‡KU

KvD›Uv‡i| kumilla, ciTagawng-er prothom srenir/ first class ticket kawto?

platform aek-er pashe ticket counter-e.

D. Avcwb wK Rvbjvi cv‡k em‡Z Pvb?

4. H †UªbUv c−¨vUdg© 16 †Z `k wgwb‡Ui

g‡a¨ ‡cuŠQv‡e| apni ki janlar pashe boshte can?

oi trainTa 16 number platform-e dawsh minuter moddhe pouchabe.

E. ‡Kvb c−¨vUd‡g© Kzwgj−v, wPUvMs-Gi

5. 300 UvKv| tinsho Taka.

G·‡cÖm †Uªb ‡cuŠQv‡e| kon platform-e kumilla, ciTagawng-er express train pouchabe?

9. Role-play the short dialogues from Exercise 8. Change the cities and numbers.

10. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and determine which statement is spoken. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A You must have a ticket to board the bus. B You must have a ticket to board the ferry. 2. A I need a first-class roundtrip ticket to Frankfurt. B I need a first-class one-way ticket to Frankfurt. 3. A. The next express train will depart from platform 15 in 10 minutes. B The next local train will depart from platform 15 in 10 minutes.

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At border crossings and roadblocks eW©vi µwms Avi iv¯Ív eÜ border crossing ar rasta bawndho

11. Listen to these new words and phrases. Border Customs Checkpoint Roadblock Passport Driver’s license Documents Papers ID card Show me Give me Search Inspect/inspection

Trunk (of a car) Proceed Rental (car) Citizen

border customs checkpoint roadblock passport driving license dolilpawtro kagojpawtro ID card amake daekhan amake den tawllashi poridawrshon kawra /inspect poridawrshon /inspection boot (garir) agan bhara kawra (gari)/rental (gari) nagorik

225

eW©vi Kv÷vg&m ‡PK cq›U iv¯Ív eÜ cvm‡cvU© WªvBwfs jvB‡mÝ `wjjcÎ KvMRcÎ AvB wW KvW© Avgv‡K ‡`Lvb Avgv‡K ‡`b Zj−vwk cwi`k©b Kiv/Bb&‡¯ú± cwi`k©b/ Bb&‡¯úKkb eyU (Mvwoi) AvMvb fvov Kiv (Mvwo)/†i›Uvj (Mvwo) bvMwiK

12. At roadblocks and border crossings, officials usually ask questions about driver identification and vehicle documents. Try to match up the Bangla border crossing requests and questions with their English equivalents. - Avcbvi Mvwoi KvMRcÎ †`Lvb| -apnar garir kagojpawtro daekhan.

- Give me your driver’s license.

- Avcbvi cvm‡cvU©Uv Avgv‡K †`b| - apnar passportTa amake den.

- Do you have an ID card?

- Avcbvi †`k †Kv_vq? - apnar desh kothai?

-Why do you need to go there?

- Avcbvi ILv‡b †Kb hvIqv `iKvi? - apnar okhane kaeno jawa dawrkar?

- Show me your car papers.

- Avcbvi WªvBwfs jvB‡mÝUv Avgv‡K †`b| - apnar driving licenseTa amake den.

- Give me your passport.

- Avcbvi wK AvB wW KvW© Av‡Q? - apnar ki ID card ache?

- Where are you from?

13. Listen to and read the following dialogue at a border crossing, and then answer the questions below. Try to guess the meaning of unknown words from the context. Check your work with the answer key. Kv÷vg&m Awdmvi: Avcbvi cvm‡cvU© Avi WªvBwfs jvB‡mÝ Avgv‡K †`b| customs officer: apnar passport ar driving license amake den. Mvwoi WªvBfvi: garir driver:

wVK Av‡Q| Thik ache.

KI: co:

Avcwb wK Av‡gwiKvi bvMwiK? apni ki americar nagorik?

MW: gd:

wR| jee.

KI: co:

Avcbvi GB MvwoUvi KvMRcÎ Av‡Q? apnar ei gariTar kagojpawtro ache?

MW: gd:

wR| GUv fvov Kiv Mvwo| jee. eTa bhara kawra gari.

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KI: co::

Avcwb †Kv_vq hvb/hv‡”Qb?* apni kothai jan/jacchen?

MW: gd:

‡bvqvLvjx, wPUvMs| noakhali, ciTagawng.

KI: co:

Avcwb ILv‡b KZw`b _vK‡eb? apni okhane kawtodin thakben?

MW: gd:

`k w`b| dawsh din.

KI: co:

Avcwb ILv‡b Kx Ki‡eb? apni okhane ke korben?

MW: gd:

Avgvi cwiev‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Kie| amar poribarer shathe daekha korbo.

KI: co:

GKUz eyUUv Ly‡jb| Avgv‡`i Zj−vwk* Ki‡Z n‡e| ekTu bootTa khulen. amader tawllashi korte hawbe.

MW: gd:

Av”Qv| accha.

KI: co::

wVK Av‡Q, ab¨ev`| Avcwb AvMv‡Z/†h‡Z cv‡ib| Thik ache, dhonnobad. apni agate/jete paren.

If the present continuous tense is used, then it is: Avcwb ‡Kv_vq hv‡”Qb? = apni kothai jacchen? “tawllashi,” the term for “search,” is used, as it is more appropriate than the word for “inspection” in Bangla. Did you understand the words “trunk” and “inspection”? A. B. C. D. E. F. G.

Where is the driver from? Does the driver own the vehicle he is driving? Where is the driver going? Why is he going there? How long will he be there? What does the guard ask the driver to do at the end? Why?

14. Work with a partner. Take turns role-playing the Customs Official and the Car Driver. 227

End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the answer key. A. Avgvi GKUz wbD BqK©-Gi Rb¨ ivDÛ wUªc wU‡KU jvM‡e| amar ekTu New York-er jonno roundtrip ticket lagbe.

Avwg b‡f¤^‡ii 12 ZvwiL hve Avi wW‡m¤^‡ii 3 ZvwiL wdie| ami novemberer 12 tarikh jabo ar decemberer 3 tarikh phirbo.

Avwg Rvbjvi cv‡k GKUv wmU PvB/ em‡Z PvB| ami janlar pashe aekTa seat cai/boshte cai. B. GUv wK G·‡cm †Uªb? eTa ki express train? C. †KvjKvZvi evmUv †Kvb c−¨vUdg© †_‡K Qv‡o? kolkatar busTa kawkhon platform theke chare? D. 34 b¤^i †Uªb cuvP wgwb‡U 3 b¤^i c−¨vUdg© Qvo‡e/ Qvo‡Q| coutrish number train pac minute 3 number platform charbe/charche.

2. Translate the following questions. Check your work with the answer key. A. - wU‡KU KvD›Uvi wK IB w`‡K? - ticket counter ki oi dike?………. B.

GUv wK jv‡MR Gwiqv? - eTa ki luggage area?…………………. C.

Avcwb wK wekªvg Ni/ I‡qwUs i“g †Kv_vq Rv‡bb? - apni ki bisram ghawr/ waiting room kothai janen?…. D.

‡MBU b¤^i 15 †Kv_vq? - gate number 15 kothai?…………….

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3. Work with a partner or in a small group. Look at the pictures and come up with the story. Do you think these people are arriving or departing? Do you think they are on time? Is their flight late? Mention their names, ages, professions, what they are wearing, and where and why they need to fly or where they are arriving from. Also, tell how they got to the airport (by car, by bus, by train).

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Vocabulary List Arriving/Arrivals Attention ([we] are drawing your attention) Baggage Border Bus station Checked Checkpoint Citizen Customs Delay/ed Departing/Departures Documents Driver’s license Express First class Flight Fly Give me … ID card Inspect Inspection Inspector Late One-way On-time Papers Passenger Passport Platform Proceed Rental car Roadblock Roundtrip

pouchacche, ‡cuŠQv‡”Q, ‡cuŠQv‡e/AvMgb pouchabe/agomon apnader monojog akorshon Avcbv‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y korchi KiwQ luggage border bus station check kawra hoyeche/ daekha hoyeche check point nagorik customs deri/te charche, charbe/bohirgawmon dolilpawtro driving license express prothom sreni/first class flight oramake den… ID card tawllashi kawrtawllashi /poridawrshawn poridawrshawk deri aek dike/one-way shomoimawto kagojpawtro jatri passport platform agan/jan bhara kawra gari/rental gari rasta bawndho jawa-asha/round trip

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jv‡MR eW©vi evm †÷kb ‡PK Kiv n‡q‡Q/ †`Lv n‡q‡Q †PK cq›U bvMwiK Kv÷vg&m ‡`ix/‡Z Qvo‡Q, Qvo‡e/ewn©Mgb `wjjcÎ WªvBwfs jvB‡mÝ G·‡cÖm cÖ_g †kªYx/ dv÷© K¬vm d¬vBU IoAvgv‡K ‡`b… AvB wW KvW© Zj−vwk Kicwi`k©b/ Zj−vwk cwi`k©K ‡`ix GK w`‡K/ Iqvb-I‡q mgqgZ KvMRcÎ hvÎx cvm‡cvU© c−¨vUdg© AvMvb/ hvb fvov Kiv Mvwo/†i›Uvj Mvwo iv¯Ív eÜ hvIqv-Avmv/ ivDÛ wUªc

Schedule Second class Show me… Terminal Ticket Ticket window Board Leave Return/come back Train station Trunk (of a car) Waiting area Window seat

shomoishuci ditiyo sreni/second class amake daekhan… terminal ticket ticket counter oThchar- / jaash-/ phire ashtrain station booT (garir) bisram ghawr/waiting room janlar pasher seat

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mgqm~Px wØZxq †kªYx/ †m‡KÛ K¬vm Avgv‡K ‡`Lvb… Uvwg©bvj wU‡KU wU‡KU KvD›Uvi IVQvo-/hvAvm-/wd‡i Avm‡Uªb †÷kb eyU (Mvwoi) wekªvg Ni/I‡qwUs i“g Rvbjvi cv‡ki wmU

Answer Key 5.

mgqm~Px /shomoicuci

wU‡KU / ticket

KvD›Uvi/ counter

‡MBU/ gate

hvÎxiv / jatrira

c−¨vUdg/ platform

gvjcÎ/ev·/ malpawtro/ baksho

wekªvg Ni/ bisram ghawr

7. A. Go to the _ ticket window __ to buy the ticket.

wU‡KU ‡Kbvi Rb¨ wU‡KU KvD›Uv‡i hvb| ticket kenar jonno ticket counter-e jan. B.

You can get your baggage at _ baggage claim area ___.

Avcbvi ev‡·i Rb¨ Avcbvi jv‡MR Gwiqv‡Z †h‡Z n‡e| apnar baksher jonno apnar luggage areate jete hawbe. C.

__ Attention __! All passengers must have a ticket to board the bus.

Avcbv‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y KiwQ! evm-G DV‡Z me hvÎx‡`i wU‡KU jvM‡e| apnader monojog akorshon korchi! bus-e uThte shawb jatrider ticket lagbe. 232

D. Check the __ schedule ___to find out when your flight departs.

Avcbvi d¬vBU KLb hv‡e mgqm~Px‡Z †`L †bb| apnar flight kawkhon jabe shomoishucite dekhe nen. E. The __ express __train is fast because it does not make local stops.

G·‡cÖm †UªbUv `ª“Z hvq KviY †mUv Kg _v‡g| express trainTa druto jai karon sheTa thame na. F. Each train arrives at a different __platform___.

cÖ‡Z¨KUv †Uªb wfbœ c−¨vUdg© ‡cuŠQvq| prottekTa train bhinno platform-e pouchai. G. Attention, passengers! Flight #725 is departing from __ gate ____ A17.

hvÎx‡`i g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y KiwQ! d¬vBU 725, ‡MB‡U G-17 †_‡K Qvo‡Q| jatrider monojog akorshon korchi! flight number 725, gate A*-17 theke charche. 8. A. Where can I buy a local train ticket?

GKUv †jvKvj †Uªb wU‡KU †Kv_vq wKb‡Z cvie? aekTa local train ticket kothai kinte parbo? B. When is the next bus to Kushtia, Khulna?

Kzwóqv, Lyjbvi c‡ii evmUv KLb? kushTia, khulnar pawrer busTa kawkhon? C. How much is a first-class ticket to Comilla, Chittagong?

Kzwgj−v, wPUvMs-Gi cÖ_g †kªYxi/dv÷© K¬vm wU‡KU KZ? kumilla, ciTagawng-er prothom srenir/ first class ticket kawto? D. Do you want a window seat?

Avcwb wK Rvbjvi cv‡k em‡Z Pvb? apni ki janlar pashe boshte can? E. At which platform is the express train from Comilla, Chittagong arriving?

‡Kvb c−¨vUd‡g© Kzwgj−v, wPUvMs-Gi G·‡cÖm †Uªb ‡cuŠQv‡e? kon platform-e kumilla, ciTagawng-er express train pouchabe? 1. __D__ Yes, please.

wR wbðqB| jee, nishcawy.

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2. __B__ The next bus to Kushtia departs in 20 minutes.

Kzwóqvi c‡ii evm 20 wgwb‡U Qvo‡e| kushTiar pawrer bus 20 minute-e charbe. 3. _A___ At the ticket window next to platform one.

c−¨vUdg© GK-Gi cv‡k wU‡KU KvD›Uv‡i | platform aek-er pashe ticket counter-e. 4. __E__ That train will arrive at platform 16 in ten minutes.

H †UªbUv 16 b¤^i c−¨vUd‡g© `k wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ ‡cuŠQv‡e| oi trainTa 16 number platform-e dawsh minuter moddhe pouchabe. 5. __C__ It is 300 taka.

300 UvKv| tinsho Taka. 10. A. You must have a ticket to board the bus.

Avcbvi evm-G DV‡Z wU‡KU jvM‡e| apnar bus-e uThte ticket lagbe. B. I need a first-class roundtrip ticket to Frankfurt.

Avgvi d«vsKdvU© Gi Rb¨ dv÷© K¬vm-G ivDÛ wUªc wU‡KU jvM‡e| amar Frankfurt-er jonno first class-e round trip ticket lagbe. C. The next local train will depart from platform 15 in 10 minutes.

Gi c‡ii †jvKvj †Uªb 10 wgwb‡U 15 b¤^i c−¨vUdg© †_‡K Qvo‡e| er pawrer local train 10 minute-e 15 number theke platform charbe. 12. - Avcbvi Mvwoi KvMRcÎ †`Lvb| -apnar garir kagojpawtro daekhan.

- Show me your car papers.

- Avcbvi cvm‡cvU©Uv Avgv‡K †`b| - apnar passportTa amake den.

- Give me your passport.

- Avcbvi †`k †Kv_vq? - apnar desh kothai?

- Where are you from?

-Avcbvi ILv‡b †Kb hvIqv `iKvi? - apnar okhane kaeno jawa dawrkar?

- Why do you need to go there?

- Avcbvi WªvBwfs jvB‡mÝ Avgv‡K †`b| - apnar driving license amake den.

- Give me your driver’s license.

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- Avcbvi wK AvB wW KvW© Av‡Q? - apnar ki ID card ache?

- Do you have an ID card?

13. Customs Official:

Give me your passport and driver’s license.

Kv÷vg&m Awdmvi:

Avcbvi cvm‡cvU© Avi WªvBwfs jvB‡mÝ Avgv‡K †`b|

customs officer:

apnar passport ar driving license amake den.

Car Driver:

OK.

Mvwoi WªvBfvi:

wVK Av‡Q|

garir driver:

Thik ache.

CO:

Are you a U.S. citizen?

KI:

Avcwb wK Av‡gwiKvi bvMwiK?

co:

apni ki americar nagorik?

CD:

Yes.

MW:

wR|

gd:

jee.

CO:

Do you have papers for this car?

KI:

Avcbvi GB MvwoUvi KvMRcÎ Av‡Q?

co:

apnar ei gariTar kagojpawtro ache?

CD:

Yes. It is a rental car.

MW:

wR| GUv fvov Kiv Mvwo|

gd:

jee. eTa bhara kawra gari.

CO:

Where are you going?

KI:

Avcwb †Kv_vq hvb/hv‡”Qb?*

co::

apni kothai jan/jacchen?

CD:

Noakhali, Chittagong.

MW:

‡bvqvLvjx, wPUvMs|

gd:

noakhali, ciTagawng.

CO:

How long will you be there?

KI:

Avcwb ILv‡b KZw`b _vK‡eb?

co:

apni okhane kawtodin thakben?

CD:

Ten days.

MW:

`k w`b|

gd:

dawsh din.

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CO:

What will you do there?

KI:

Avcwb ILv‡b Kx Ki‡eb?

co:

apni okhane ke korben?

CD:

I will visit my family.

MW:

Avgvi cwiev‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Kie|

gd:

amar poribarer shathe daekha korbo.

CO:

Please open the trunk. We need to do an inspection.

KI:

GKUz eyUUv Ly‡jb| Avgv‡`i Zj−vmx* Ki‡Z n‡e|

co:

ekTu bootTa khulen. amader tawllashi korte hawbe.

CD:

OK.

MW:

Av”Qv|

gd:

accha.

CO:

OK, thank you. You may proceed.

KI:

wVK Av‡Q, ab¨ev`| Avcwb AvMv‡Z/†h‡Z cv‡ib|

co::

Thik ache, dhonnobad. apni agate/jete paren.

A. Where is the driver from? A. Av‡gwiKvi bvMwiK| americar nagorik. B. Does the driver own the vehicle he is driving? B. bv| IUv fvov Kiv Mvwo| na. oTa bhara kawra gari. C. Where is the driver going? C. ‡bvqvLvjx, wPUvMs| noakhali, ciTagawng. D. Why is he going there? D. cwiev‡ii mv‡_ †`Lv Kievi Rb¨/Ki‡Z hv‡”Q| poribarer shathe daekha korbar jonno/korte jacche. E. How long will he be there? E. `k w`b| dawsh din. F. What does the guard ask the driver to do at the end? F. eyUUv Lyj‡Z e‡j| buTTa khulte bawle. G. Why? G. Zj−vmx Kievi Rb¨| tawllashi korbar jonno.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. A. I need to buy a roundtrip ticket to New York, please.

Avgvi GKUz wbD BqK©-Gi Rb¨ ivDÛ wUªc wU‡KU jvM‡e| amar ekTu New York-er jonno roundtrip ticket lagbe. I leave on November 12 and return on December 3.

Avwg b‡f¤^‡ii 12 ZvwiL hve Avi wW‡m¤^‡ii 3 ZvwiL wdie| ami novemberer 12 tarikh jabo ar decemberer 3 tarikh phirbo. I want a window seat.

Avwg Rvbjvi cv‡k GKUv wmU PvB/ em‡Z PvB| ami janlar pashe aekTa seat cai/boshte cai.

B. Is this an express train?

GUv wK G·‡cm †Uªb? eTa ki express train? C. What platform does the bus to Calcutta leave from?

†KvjKvZvi evmUv †Kvb c−¨vUdg© †_‡K Qv‡o? kolkatar busTa kawkhon platform theke chare? D. Train 34 is departing from platform three in five minutes.

34 b¤^i †Uªb cuvP wgwb‡U wZb b¤^i c−¨vUdg© Qvo‡e/ Qvo‡Q| coutrish number train pac minute-e number tin number platform charbe/charche. 2. A. - Is the ticket window that way? - wU‡KU KvD›Uvi wK IB w`‡K? - ticket counter ki oi dike?………. B. - Is this the baggage claim area?

GUv wK jv‡MR Gwiqv? - eTa ki luggage area? C. - Do you know where the waiting area is?

Avcwb wK wekªvg Ni/ I‡qwUs i“g †Kv_vq Rv‡bb? - apni ki bisram ghawr/ waiting room kothai janen?…. D. - Where is gate number 15?

‡MBU b¤^i 15 †Kv_vq? - gate number 15 kothai?

237

Lesson 15 At School

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

¯‹z‡j

schoole

This lesson will introduce you to: - the vocabulary related to classroom activities - the vocabulary related to being a student - the education system in Bangladesh.

In 1990, primary education was made compulsory for children aged 6 to 10 years. Education is compulsory until grade 5. Students study Bangla, English and Math in grades 1-2; they study Bangla, English, Math, Civics, Science and Religion in Grades 3-5. Grades 1-5 are often, but not always, separated into a Primary School; High School consists of grades 7-10. College consists of grades 11-12, and is separated from the other grades almost without exception. According to data from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (2002), 82% of children aged 6-10 years were enrolled in primary school. Of this age group, 84.7% of the boys, and 77.1% of the girls were enrolled. The literacy rate of the population aged 5 and above was 45.1%.

238

1. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker and read the following text under each of the pictures.

A student writes on the blackboard with chalk.

A student raises her hand to ask a question.

A teacher teaches students math.

GKRb QvÎx e−¨vK‡evW©-G PK w`‡q* wj‡L|

GKRb QvÎx cÖkœ Ki‡Z nvZ Zz‡j|

GKRb wk¶K Qv·`i AsK covq|

aekjon chatri blackboard-e chalk diye likhe.

aekjon chatro proshno korte hat tule.

aekjon shikkhawk chatroder awnko pawrai.

Students study chemistry in middle school.

First-grade students read a textbook.

Students will study art in this class.

QvÎiv gva¨wgK ¯‹z‡j imvqb c‡o|

cÖ_g †kªYxi QvÎiv †U·U& eB c‡o|

GB K¬v‡m QvÎiv AvuKv m¤^‡Ü* co‡e|

chatrora maddhomik schoole rawshayon pawre.

prothom srenir chatrora text boi pawre.

ei classe chatrora aka shammondhe porbe.

There is a book, a notebook, and a calculator.

There is a desk and a chair in the classroom.

Students write with pens and pencils.

GKUv eB, GKUv †bvU eB, Avi GKUv K¨vj&Kz‡jUvi Av‡Q|

K¬vmi“‡g GKUv †Uwej Avi GKUv †Pqvi Av‡Q|

QvÎiv Kjg Avi ‡cb&wmj w`‡q wj‡L|

aekTa boi, aekTa note boi, ar aekTa calculator ache.

classroome aekTa table ar aekTa chair ache.

chatrora kawlom ar pencil diye likhe.

* “diye”/“with,” “shawmmondhe”/”about,” are post-positions, which follow nouns, unlike prepositions in English, which come before nouns.

239

2. Work with a partner. Look around the classroom. Name the items you see. Most items below may seem obvious. Check the answer key for any you are unsure of. class/sreni K¬vm/†kªYx* desk ‡Uwej chair ‡Pqvi blackboard e−¨vK‡evW© chalk PK kawlom Kjg pencil ‡cb&wmj note boi ‡bvU eB computer Kw¤úDUvi printer wcÖ›Uvi keyboard Kx‡evW© monitor gwbUi shikkhawk wk¶K chatro QvÎ * class/sreni: both words are used in different contexts; class is used in a generic sense: “I am going to class.”/ “ami class-e jacchi”; sreni is used in a specific sense: “I study in class 8.”/ “ami awshTom srenite pori.”

3. Working with a partner, name the items you bring with you to class and the items found in your classroom. Check your answers with the answer key.

‡M−ve globe

Kw¤úDUvi computer

e−¨vK‡evW© blackboard

K¨vj&Kz‡jUvi calculator

eB boi

‡UBc tape

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4. Listen to the dialogue while you read along in the workbook. Underline the new vocabulary. What is your name?

My name is Sam.

‡Zvgvi bvg Kx?

Avgvi bvg k¨vg|

tomar nam ki?

amar nam shaem.

How old are you?

I am 16 years old.

‡Zvgvi eqm KZ?

Avgvi 16 eQi|

tomar bawysh kawto?

amar 16 bawchor.

What grade are you in?

I am in 10th grade.

Zzwg †Kvb ‡kªYx‡Z co?

Avwg `kg †kªYx‡Z cwo|

tumi kon srenite pawro?

ami dawshom srenite pori.

What subjects do you study?

Math, biology, music, literature, and history.

Zzwg Kx Kx welq co?

AsK, Rxewe`¨v, m½xZ, mvwnZ¨, Avi BwZnvm|

tumi ki ki bishawy pawro?

awnko, jeebbidda, shongeet, shahitto, ar itihas.

What is your favorite subject?

My favorite subject is biology.

‡Zvgvi wcÖq welq †KvbUv?

Avgvi wcÖq welq Rxewe`¨v|

tomar priyo bishawy konTa?

amar priyo bishawy jeebbidda.

Are you a good student?

Yes, I’m a good student.

Zzwg wK fvj QvÎ?

Rx, Avwg fvj QvÎ|

tumi ki bhalo chatro?

ji, ami bhalo chatro.

241

What will you do after school?

I will go to college; I want to be a doctor.

¯‹zj ‡kl Kivi c‡i Zzwg Kx Ki‡e?

Avwg K‡j‡R hve; Avwg Wv³vi n‡Z PvB|

school shesh kawrar pawre tumi ki korbe?

ami college-e jabo; ami Daktar hote caii.

What do you like to do after school?

After school I like to listen to music.

¯‹y‡ji c‡i ‡Zvgvi Kx Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M?

¯‹y‡ji c‡i Avgvi Mvb* ïb‡Z fvj jv‡M

schooler pawre tomar ki korte bhalo lage? lage.

schooler pawre amar gan shunte bhalo

*The particular genre of music, e.g., songs, instrumental music, is usually referred to, instead of music as a whole.

5. Read the list of new words you should have underlined in Exercise 4. Check your pronunciation with the answer key. grade subject favorite math biology music literature history college like listen to

sreni bishawy shawbceye priyo awnko jeebbidda shongeet shahitto itihash college bhalo lag-/pawchondo kawrshunte-

The model: subject* + object + infinitive +

‡kªYx welq me‡P‡q wcÖq AsK Rxewe`¨v m½xZ mvwnZ¨ BwZnvm K‡jR fvj jvM-/ cQ›` Kiïb‡Z

the form of like

Avgvi + -------- + co- + †Z +

fvj jvM-

The subject is in the possessive form; e.g., “amar”/ “my” instead of “ami”/ “I”. Examples: Shaem likes to study chemistry.

k¨v‡gi imvqb co‡Z fvj jv‡M| shaemer rawshayon porte bhalo lage. Farid likes to listen to music after school.

¯‹z‡ji c‡i dwi‡`i evRbv ïb‡Z fvj jv‡M| schooler pawre forider bajna shunte bhalo lage.

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Shirin likes to read in the evenings.

wkwi‡bi mܨvq eB co‡Z fvj jv‡M| shiriner shondhai boi porte bhalo lage. We like to speak Bangla in our class.

Avgv‡`i K¬v‡m evsjv ej‡Z fvj jv‡M | amader bangla bolte bhalo lage. 6. Work with a partner. Come up with a dialogue similar to the one in Exercise 4. List your favorite subjects, say how good you think you are at each of them, tell what profession you are going to choose, and say what you like to do after school.

7. Familiarize yourself with the new vocabulary. Listen to the speaker as you go over the dialogue. A. Listen to the recording and take notes.

‡iKwW©sUv ï‡bv Avi †bvU bvI| recordingTa shuno ar note nao. B. Put your pencils down.

‡Zvgv‡`i ‡cb&wmj¸wj ‡i‡L `vI*| tomader pencilguli rekhe dao. C. Write your answer on the blackboard.

DËiUv e−¨vK‡ev‡W© wj‡Lv| uttorTa blackboarde likho. D. Open your textbooks.

‡Zvgv‡`i ‡U·U eB Ly‡jv| tomader textboi khulo. E. Raise your hand if you have a question.

‡Kvb cÖkœ _vK‡j# nvZ Zy‡jv| kono proshno thakle hat tulo. F. Write down your homework, please.

‡Zvgv‡`i evwoi KvRUv GKUy wj‡Lv| tomader barir kajTa ekTu likho. *“rekhe dao” / “put down” is a compound verb and the finite verb, “dao” expresses completion of an action. “kore phaelo”/ “do”, “hete jabo”/ “walk”, etc. add an emphasis to the action.

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#In order to express the conditional, “if you have a question”, the conditional conjunctive, “thakle”, is used; “thakle” = “ach-”> “thak-”+ “-le”/the conjunctive particle. Thus, with the exception of “a-” stem verbs, the conditional conjunctive is formed as: high stem of the verb + - le; e.g., kor- + le = korle. The conditional conjunctive does not change with person or number. 8. Role-play a teacher. Have the students follow your directions. Use the expressions from Exercise 7.

9. Listen to the following questions and mark the answers that you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. What do you do at school? A. I read the textbooks at school. B. I write letters and numbers in Bangla. C. I study many subjects. 2. What grade are you in? A. I am in 5th grade. B. I am in 6th grade. C. I am in 8th grade. 3. What subjects are you studying? A. Math, Bangla, science, geography, and English. B. Math, history, science, geography, and English. C. Math, chemistry, science, geography, and English. 4. What is your favorite subject? A. English B. Geography C. Science 5. Are you a good student? A. I’m very good at English, but I’m bad at math. B. I’m very good at geography, but I’m bad at math. C. I’m very good at chemistry, but I’m bad at math.

10. Working with a partner, come up with similar dialogues using expressions from Exercise 9.

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11. Working in small groups, describe the following pictures. Come up with ages for the students and the teacher, their names, the subjects they study/teach, what they’re doing right now, what they are wearing, if they seem to like their class and their teacher, etc.

12. Listen to and read the following text about the student’s schedule, and then answer the questions below. There will be the new word “busy” in the text. Try to guess the meaning from the context: “I have a busy schedule. I work six hours every day, and I have six classes at school every day.” Did you guess what “busy schedule” means? Good job!

Avgvi bvg Avwmd ingvb| Avwg ivRkvnx BDwbfvwm©wUi QvÎx| Avwg Bs‡iwR cwo| Avwg Abyev`K n‡Z PvB| Avwg Lye e¨¯Í| †mvg, eya, Avi ïµev‡i Avwg 8:00Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvB| ¯‹z‡ji c‡i, 4:00Uvq Avwg Kv‡R hvB| Avwg eB-Gi †`vKv‡b KvR Kwi| Kv‡Ri c‡i, ivZ 10 Uvq, Avwg evwo‡Z* wdwi| g½j Avi e„n¯úwZev‡i, Avwg mKvj 10 Uvq K¬v‡m hvB| K¬v‡mi c‡i, 12:00Uvq, Avwg jvB‡eªix‡Z hvB| `ycy‡i jvB‡eªix‡Z wZb NÈv KvR Kwi| DB‡K‡Û Avi mKv‡j evwoi KvR* Kwi| amar nam asif rawhman. ami rajshahi universityr chatri. ami ingreji pori. ami onubadok hote caii. ami khub baesto. shom, budh, ar shukrobare ami 8:ooTai schoole jaii. schooler pawre, 4:00Tai ami kaje jaii. ami boi-er dokane kaj kori. kajer pawre, rat 10 Tai, ami barite phiri. mongol ar brihoshpotibare, ami shawkal 10Tai classe jaii. classer pawre, 12:00Tai, ami libraryte jaii. dupure libraryte tin ghawnTa kaj kori. weekende ar shawkale barir kaj kori.

A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H.

What is the student’s name? Where does she go to school? What does she study? What is her schedule on Monday, Wednesday and Friday? What is her schedule on Tuesday and Thursday? Does the student have a job? When does the student do homework? What does the student want to do after finishing school?

*Another word often used for home/house is “basha”/ evmv. The expression “barir kaj” can be sometimes misleading as it could imply household work, and not homework. A distinction can be made if household work is phrased as “bashar kaj”.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Go over the text from Exercise 12 again. Tell the class about your schedule. Use the questions after the text as an outline for your story. 2. Look at the pictures and say what you see. Include the grade the students are in, the subjects they are studying, what the teacher is doing, what the students and teachers are wearing, etc.

3. Read the following texts and find the errors in the English translations. Make corrections so that the translation is accurate. Check your work with the answer key. A. Avgvi bvg mvwebv Lvb| Avgvi evwo wm‡jU, wKš‘ GLb Avwg XvKvq _vwK| Avwg lô †kªYx‡Z cwo| amar nam sabina khan. amar bari sileT, kintu aekhon ami dhakai thaki. ami shawshTho srenite pori.

Avgvi A‡bK eÜy Av‡Q| Avgvi Bs‡iwR fvlv, eB cov, Avi ev‡¯‹Uej fvj jv‡M| amar awnek bondhu ache. amar ingreji bhasha, boi pawra, ar basketball bhalo lage.

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B. My name is Sabina Khan. I’m from Sylhet, but now I live in Dhaka. I’m in fifth grade. I have many friends. I like music, reading, and basketball. 2.

A. Avgvi bvg cÖexi †mb| Avgvi evwo ivRkvnx, wKš‘ GLb Avwg wPUvMs-G _vwK| Avgvi AsK

Avi weÁvb fvj jv‡M| amar nam probir sen. amar bari rajshahi, kintu aekhon ami ciTagawn-e thaki. amar awnko ar biggan bhalo lage. B. My name is Probir Sen. I’m from Rajshahi, but I live in Chittagong. I like math and geography. 3.

A. Avgvi bvg gvmy`| Avgvi 13B GwcÖj, 1989-G Rb¥| Avwg Aóg †kªYx‡Z cwo| Avgvi m½xZ

Avi d‡UvMÖvwd K¬vm fvj jv‡M| Avwg Wv³vi Avi d‡UvMÖvdvi n‡Z PvB|

amar nam masud. amar taeroi april, 1989-e jawnmo. ami awshTom srenite pori. amar shongeet ar photography class bhalo lage. ami Daktar ar photographer hote caii. B. My name is Masud. I was born on April 13, 1989. I’m in 9th grade. I like music, art, and photography class. I want to be an artist, a doctor, or a photographer.

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Vocabulary List Art Basketball Biology Blackboard Busy Chair Chalk Chemistry Class College/University Computer Desk Elementary School English Grade House

aka basketball jeebbidda blackboard baesto chair chalk rawshayon/ chemistry class/sreni college/university computer table primary school ingreji sreni basha/bari

High School History Homework Literature Math Middle School Music Notebook Pen Pencil Photography Reading Student Subject(s) Tape recorder Teacher like read study Write

ucco maddhomik school itihash barir kaj shahitto awnko maddhomik school shongeet note boi kawlom pencil photography boi pawra chatro bishawyguli tape recorder shikkhawk bhalo lagboi pawrpawrlekh-

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AvuKv ev‡¯‹Uej Rxewe`¨v e−¨vK‡evW© e¨¯Í ‡Pqvi PK imvqb/ †Kwgwóª K¬vm/†kªYx K‡jR/BDwbfvwm©wU Kw¤úDUvi ‡Uwej cÖvBgvix ¯‹zj Bs‡iwR †kªYx evmv/evwo D”P gva¨wgK ¯‹zj BwZnvm evwoi KvR mvwnZ¨ AsK gva¨wgK ¯‹zj m½xZ ‡bvU eB Kjg ‡cb&wmj d‡UvMÖvwd eB cov QvÎ welq¸wj ‡UBc †iKW©vi wk¶K fvj jvMeB coco‡jL-

Listen to the recording and take notes. Put your pencils down. Write your answer on the blackboard. Open your textbooks. Raise your hand! Write down your homework, please.

recording shuno ar note nao.

†iKwW©s ï‡bv Avi †bvU bvI|

pencilguli rekehe dao. uttorTa blackboarde likho.

‡cb&wmj¸wj †i‡L `vI| DËiUv e−¨vK‡evW©-G wj‡Lv|

text boi khulo. hat tulo! barir kaj likhe nao.

‡U·U eB Ly‡jv| nvZ Zz‡jv! evwoi KvR wj‡L bvI|

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Answer Key 2. class desk chair blackboard chalk pen pencil notebook computer printer keyboard monitor teacher student

K¬vm/†kªYx ‡Uwej ‡Pqvi e−¨vK‡evW© PK Kjg ‡cb&wmj ‡bvU eB Kw¤úDUvi wcÖ›Uvi Kx‡evW© gwbUi wk¶K QvÎ

class/sreni desk chair blackboard chalk kawlom pencil note boi computer printer keyboard monitor shikkhawk chatro

9. 1. What do you do at school? 1. ¯‹z‡j Kx Ki? schoole ki kawro? C. I study many subjects. C. Avwg A‡bK welq cwo| ami awnek bishawy pori. 2. What grade are you in? 2. ‡Kvb †kªYx‡Z co? tumi kon srenite pawro? B. I am in 6th grade. B. Avwg lô †kªYx‡Z cwo| ami shawshTho srenite pori. 3. What subjects are you studying? 3. Kx Kx welq coQ? ki ki bishawy porcho? A. Math, Bangla, science, geography, and English. A. AsK, evsjv, weÁvb, f~-†Mvj, Avi Bs‡iwR awnko, bangla, biggan, bhugol, ar ingreji

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4. What is your favorite subject? 4. †Zvgvi wcÖq welq †KvbUv? tomar priyo bishawy konTa? B. Geography B. f~-†Mvj bhugol 5. Are you a good student? 5. Zzwg wK fvj QvÎ? tumi ki bhalo chatro? C. I’m very good at chemistry, but I’m bad at math C. Avwg imvq‡b Lye fvj, wKš‘ As‡K Lvivc| ami rawshayone khub bhalo, kintu awnke kharap. 12. My name is Asifa Rahman. I am a student at Rajshahi University. I study English. I want to be an interpreter. I have a busy schedule. On Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, I go to school at 8:00. After school, at 4:00 p.m., I go to work. I work at a bookstore. After work, at 10 p.m., I go home. On Tuesday and Thursday, I go to class at 10 a.m. After school, at 12:00, I go to the library. I work at the library three hours in the afternoon. I do my homework on the weekends and in the mornings. A. What is the student’s name?

Ii bvg Avwmdv ingvb| or nam asifa rawhman. B. Where does she go to school?

I ivRkvnx BDwbfvwm©wU‡Z c‡o| o rajshahi universityte pawre. C. What does she study?

I Bs‡iwR c‡o| o ingreji pawre. D. What is her schedule on Monday, Wednesday and Friday?

†mvg, eya, Avi ïµev‡i I 8:00Uvq ¯‹z‡j hvq| ¯‹z‡ji c‡i, 4:00Uvq Kv‡R hvq| I eB-Gi †`vKv‡b KvR K‡i| Kv‡Ri c‡i, ivZ 10Uvq, evwo‡Z wd‡i| shom, budh, ar shukrobare o 8:ooTai schoole jai. schooler pawre, 4:00Tai kaje jai. o boi-er dokane kaj kawre. kajer pawre, rat 10 Tai, barite phire. E. What is her schedule on Tuesday and Thursday?

g½j Avi e„n¯úwZev‡i, I mKvj 10Uvq K¬v‡m hvq| K¬v‡mi c‡i, 12:00Uvq, jvB‡eªix‡Z hvq| `ycy‡i jvB‡eªix‡Z wZb NÈv KvR K‡i| mongol ar brihoshpotibare, o shawkal 10Tai classe jai. classer pawre, 12:00Tai, libraryte jai. dupure libraryte tin ghawnTa kaj kawre. F. Does the student have a job?

nu¨v, Av‡Q| hae, ache.

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G. When does the student do homework?

I DB‡K‡Û evwoi KvR K‡i| o weekende barir kaj kawre. H. What does the student want to do after finishing school?

¯‹zj †kl K‡i I Abyev`K n‡Z Pvq| school shesh kore o onubadok hote cai. End-of-Lesson Tasks 3. The bolded terms are the corrections. A.

Avgvi bvg mvwebv Lvb| Avgvi evwo wm‡jU, wKš‘ GLb Avwg XvKvq _vwK| Avwg lô †kªYx‡Z cwo| amar nam sabina khan. amar bari sileT, kintu aekhon ami dhakai thaki. ami shawshTho srenite pori.

Avgvi A‡bK eÜy Av‡Q| Avgvi Bs‡iwR fvlv, eB cov, Avi ev‡¯‹Uej fvj jv‡M| amar awnek bondhu ache. amar ingreji bhasha, boi pawra, ar basketball bhalo lage. B My name is Sabina Khan. I’m from Sylhet, but now I live in Dhaka. I’m in sixth grade. I have many friends. I like English, reading, and basketball. 2.

A. Avgvi bvg cÖexi †mb| Avgvi evwo ivRkvnx, wKš‘ Avwg wPUvMs-G _vwK| Avgvi AsK

Avi weÁvb fvj jv‡M| amar nam probir sen. amar bari rajshahi, kintu ami ciTagawn-e thaki. amar awnko ar biggan bhalo lage. B. My name is Probir Sen. I’m from Rajshahi, but I live in Chittagong. I like math and science. 3.

A. Avgvi bvg gvmy`| Avgvi 13B GwcÖj, 1989-G Rb¥| Avwg Aóg †kªYx‡Z cwo| Avgvi m½xZ

Avi d‡UvMÖvwd K¬vm fvj jv‡M| Avwg Wv³vi Avi d‡UvMÖvdvi n‡Z PvB| amar nam masud. amar taeroi april, 1989-e jawnmo. ami awshTom srenite pori. amar shongeet ar photography class bhalo lage. ami Daktar ar photographer hote caii. B. My name is Masud. I was born on April 13, 1989. I’m in 8th grade. I like music, art, and photography class. I want to be a artist, doctor and a photographer.

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Lesson 16 Recreation and Leisure

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

we‡bv`b Avi Aemi

binodon ar aboshawr This lesson will introduce you to: - vocabulary related to recreational and leisure activities - ways to discuss hobbies in Bangla.

In this lesson, the third person deictic pronouns, “she, tini, tar,” will also be used where they are appropriate. These pronouns are usually used to refer to strangers, celebrities, public figures, a person on the street, etc., and as correlatives (in correlative constructions, not used here). 1. Read the sentences with the new vocabulary and try to guess the meaning of unknown words.

‡jvKUv Avi gwnjvUv bv‡P| GUv Zv‡`i kL|

‡m GKRb †ckvMZ m½xZ wkíx|‡m Abyôv‡b wcqv‡bv evRvq|

‡jvKUv Qwe Zz‡j| †m GKRb d‡UvMÖvdvi|

lokTa ar mohilaTa nace. eTa tader shawkh.

she aekjon peshagawto shongeet shilpi. she onushThane piano bajai.

lokTa chobi tule. she aekjon photographer.

G G¨vb&Wªy| Zvi kL dyUej †Ljv|

‡jvKUv cvnv‡o w¯‹ K‡i| Zvi kL w¯‹ Kiv|

K¬v‡mi c‡i cÖ‡Z¨Kw`b `ycy‡i Avgvi eÜz m¨vwÛ †`Šovq|

e andrew. tar shawkh football khaela.

lokTa pahare ski kawre. tar shawkh ski kawra.

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classer pawre prottekdin dupure amar bondhu sandy dourai.

Avgvi fvB-Gi †evwjs Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M| GUv Ii GKUv kL| amar bhai-er bowling korte bhalo lage. eTa or aekTa shawkh

Avgvi †ev‡bi Qwe AuvK‡Z fvj jv‡M| amar boner chobi akte bhalo lage.

AvenvIqv fvj n‡j, †Q‡j‡g‡qiv MigKv‡j cÖ‡Z¨K w`b muvZvi Kv‡U| abhawa bhalo hole, chelemeyra gawromkale prottek din shatar kaTe.

‰mwbKiv Zvey‡Z Zvm †L‡j| Zv‡`i Zvm †Lj‡Z fvj jv‡M| shoinikra tabute tash khaele. tader tash khelte bhalo lage.

Kgeqmx †Q‡jUv †Kv‡U© †Uwbm †L‡j| kawmbawyshi cheleTa courte tennis khaele.

GKRb ¯^vgx Avi ¯¿x cÖ‡Z¨K w`b mܨvq nuv‡U| aekjon shami ar stri prottek din shondhai haTe.

`yBRb ‰mwbK `vev †L‡j| GUv Zv‡`i GKUv kL| duijon shoinik daba khaele. eTa tader aekTa shawkh.

GB ‡jvKUv wMUvi evRvq Avi Mvb Mvq| ei lokTa guitar bajai ar gan gai.

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2. Now listen to the speaker. Check to see if you made correct guesses. Repeat the new words as many times as you need to, in order to feel comfortable with the pronunciation. Play Cards Ski Hobby Dance Tennis Tennis Court Play piano Musician Take pictures Photographer Play guitar Sing Songs Chess Walk Swim Swimming pool Run Bowl Soccer To paint

‡LjKvW© w¯‹ KikL bvP†Uwbm †Uwbm †KvU© wcqv‡bv evRvm½xZ wkíx Qwe †Zvjd‡UvMÖvdvi wMUvi evRvMvMvb/Mvb¸wj `vev nuvUmuvZvi KvUmyBwgs cyj ‡`Šov‡evwjs KidzUej AvuKv

khaelcard ski kawrshawkh nactennis tennis court piano bajashongeet shilpi chobi tolphotographer guitar bajagagan/ganguli daba haTshatar kaTswimming pool dourabowling kawrfootball aka

3. Listen to the dialogues as you read them. 1. What will they do after school?

Iiv ¯‹z‡ji c‡i Kx Ki‡e? ora schooler pawre ki korbe?

A. They will swim after school.

Iiv ¯‹z‡ji c‡i muvZvi KvU‡e| ora schooler pawre shatar kaTbe. B. They will dance after school.

Iiv ¯‹z‡ji c‡i bvP‡e| ora schooler pawre nacbe. C. They will sing after school.

Iiv ¯‹z‡ji c‡i MvB‡e| ora schooler pawre gaibe. 255

2. What sports does he play?

I Kx †L‡j? o ki khaele?

A. He plays soccer and basketball.

I dzUej Avi ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j| o football ar basketball khaele. B. He plays soccer and volleyball.

I dzUej Avi fwjej †L‡j| o football ar volleyball khaele. C. He plays soccer and tennis.

I dzUej Avi ‡Uwbm †L‡j| o football ar tennis khaele. 3. What does she do today?

A. She sings songs.

I AvR‡K Kx K‡i?

I Mvb Mvq|

o ajke ki kawre?

o gan gai. B. She paints pictures.

I Qwe Auv‡K| o chobi ake. C. She takes pictures.

I Qwe Zz‡j| o chobi tule. 4. Do you play chess?

A. Yes, I play chess.

Avcwb wK `vev †L‡jb?

nu¨v, Avwg `vev †Lwj|

apni ki daba khaelen?

hae, ami daba kheli.

Do you play guitar?

B. No, I play the piano.

Avcwb wK wMUvi evRvb?

bv, Avwg wcqv‡bv evRvB|

apni ki guitar bajan?

na, ami piano bajaii.

Do you play piano?

Avcwb wK wcqv‡bv evRvb? apni ki piano bajan? 5. What are your hobbies?*

C. Yes, I play the piano.

nu¨v, Avwg wcqv‡bv evRvB| hae, ami piano bajaii. A. I like to run and take pictures.

Avcbvi Kx Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M?

Avgvi †`Šov‡Z Avi Qwe Zzj‡Z fvj jv‡M|

apnar ki korte bhalo lage?

amar dourate ar chobi tulte bhalo lage.

What are your hobbies?

B. I like to read and swim.

Avcbvi Kx Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M?

Avgvi co‡Z Avi muvZvi KvU‡Z fvj jv‡M|

apnar ki korte bhalo lage?

amar porte ar shatar kaTte bhalo lage. 256

What are your hobbies?

C. I like to walk and play soccer.

Avcbvi Kx Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M?

Avgvi nuvU‡Z Avi dzUej †Lj‡Z fvj jv‡M|

apnar ki korte bhalo lage?

amar haTte ar football khelte bhalo lage.

* It is more idiomatic to say, “what do you like to do?” instead of “what are your hobbies?” The word “hobby” itself is not used frequently. Thus, the expression “my hobbies are…” would be translated as: “I like to….”/ amar…..bhalo lage. “bhalo lag-” can also be expressed as “pawchondo kawr-”; e.g., I like to read = amar porte bhalo lage = ami porte pawchondo kori.

4. Work with a partner. Take turns reading the dialogues in Exercise 3. 5. Work with a partner or in a small group. Make up exchanges using the models and phrases from Exercise 3. 6. Reconstruct the questions. Check your work with the answer key. A. - …………………….? - Yes, I play chess. - nu¨v, Avwg `vev †Lwj| - hae, ami daba kheli. B. - …………………….? - Yes, I play the piano. - nu¨v, Avwg wcqv‡bv evRvB| - hae, ami piano bajaii. C. -……………………? - My hobbies are running and taking pictures.

- Avgvi †`Šov‡Z Avi Qwe Zzj‡Z fvj jv‡M| - amar dourate ar chobi tulte bhalo lage. D. - ……………………? - He plays soccer and basketball. - I dzUej Avi ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j| - o football ar basketball khaele. E. - ……………………? - My hobbies are reading and swimming. - Avgvi co‡Z Avi muvZvi KvU‡Z fvj jv‡M| -amar porte ar shatar kaTte bhalo lage.

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F. - …………………….? - She likes to walk and play guitar.

- Ii nuvU‡Z Avi wMUvi evRv‡Z fvj jv‡M| -

or haTte ar guitar jabate bhalo lage.

7 Listen to the following text, noting the new vocabulary. Check the grammar note for some explanations. The prepositions “from” and “to” are equivalent to the post-positions, “theke” and “porjonto”, respectively. While “from” and “to” precede the timings, “theke” and “porjonto” will follow the timings, with “theke” following the initial time, and “porjonto”, the final time. Example: “from 10:00 to 5:00” = “10:00Ta theke 5:00Ta porjonto” “Too” and “also” are merely “o” in Bangla, which is attached to the relevant word. I will also go/ I will go too = ami+o jabo; I sing and play also/ too = ami gai ar kheli+o. However, if “o” is written separately between two words, it means “and”; e.g, tumi o ami = you and I. “Practice” and “team” have been incorporated into Bangla as foreign words.

Avgvi bvg gvmy` Avn‡g`| Avgvi evwo XvKv, XvKv| Avwg XvKv kn‡ii RMbœv_ K‡j‡R cwo| Avwg Avgvi K¬vm Avi kL wb‡q Lye e¨¯Í _vwK| Avwg Kw¤úDUvi mv‡qb&m cwo, Avi BDwbfvwm©wUi dzUej wU‡g †Lwj| Avgvi cÖ‡Z¨K w`b 8:30 Uv †_‡K `ycyi 3:00Uv ch©šÍ K¬vm _v‡K| ¯‹z‡ji c‡i Avgvi 4:00Uv †_‡K 6:00Uv ch©šÍ dzUej cÖ¨vK&wUm _v‡K| Avgvi dzUej †Lj‡Z fvj jv‡M| Avgvi eÜziv Avi Avwg DB‡K‡ÛI †Lwj| Avgvi mvZvi KvU‡Z Avi wMUvi evRv‡ZI fvj jv‡M| Avwg wMUv‡i Lye fvj bv|GB DB‡K‡Û Avgvi eÜziv Avi Avwg wPUvMs-G †÷wWqv‡g GKUv Abyôv‡b hve| Avgv‡`i wcÖq wkíx MvB‡e| Abyôv‡bi c‡i Avgiv †i‡¯Ívivq wM‡q Lve| Amar nam Masud Ahmed amar bari Dhaka. ami Dhaka shawhorer jawgonnath college-e pori. ami amar class ar shawkh niye khub baesto thaki. ami computer science pori, ar universityr football teame kheli. amar prottek din 8:30Ta theke dupur 3:00Ta porjonto class thake. schooler pawre amar 4:00Ta theke 6:00Ta porjonto football practice thake. amar football khelte bhalo lage. amar bondhura ar ami weekendeo kheli. amar shatar kaTte ar guitar bajateo bhalo lage. ami guitare khub bhalo na. ei weekende amar bondhura ar ami ciTagawng-e stadium-e aekTa onushThane jabo. amader priyo shilpi gaibe. onushThaner pawre amra restorai giye khabo. 8. Listen to the text that above as many times as you want to and mark the following statements as either True or False. Check your work with the answer key. A. _____Masud Ahmed is from Jessore, Khulna. B. _____He is a student at Jagannath College in Dhaka, Dhaka. C. _____ Masud studies chemistry. D. _____ Masud plays on the university soccer team. E. _____ He had class every day from 8:30 to 3:00. F. _____ Masud likes to swim and play the piano. H. _____After the concert Masud will go home to do his homework. 258

9. Working with a partner or in a small group, come up with the description of a busy schedule. Use the statements from Exercise 8 as an outline for your story. The pictures given below can help you to choose the activities to describe.

10. Listen to the vocabulary as you look at the pictures. Many Bangla words are taken from English.

myBwgs cyj dzUej gvV ‡Uwbm †KvU© ‡evwjs G¨vwj wRg&‡bwmqvg ‡÷wWqvg

swimming pool football maTh tennis court bowling alley gymnasium stadium

1

2

3

4

5

6

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10. Read the statements below and think about their meanings. Cross out the words or phrases that do not make sense, and replace them with an appropriate word from the list below. Check your work with the answer key. gymnasium

wRg&‡bwmqvg

stadium

†÷wWqvg stadium

gymnasium bowling alley †evwjs G¨wj bowling alley cvnvo mountains pahar swimming pool myBwgs cyj swimming pool

tennis courts †Uwbm †KvU tennis court playing field ‡Ljvi gvV khaelar maTh

A. QvÎiv †Uwbm †KvU©-G fwjej †L‡j| chatrora tennis court-e volleyball khaele. B. ‡Q‡j‡g‡qiv †÷wWqv‡g muvZvi Kv‡U| chelemeyra stadium-e shatar kaTe. C. ‡g‡qiv cvnv‡o †evwjs Ki‡Z hvq| meyra pahare bowling korte jai. D. Avgvi eÜziv †evwjs G¨wj‡Z †`Šov‡Z hvq| amar bondhura bowling alleyte dourate jai. 11. Listen to the statements and mark the ones that you hear. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. She will swim after school. B. She will dance after school. C. She will sing after school. 2.

A. He likes to play soccer and basketball. B. He likes to play soccer and volleyball. C. He likes to play soccer and tennis.

3.

A. She doesn’t sing, but she plays piano. B. She doesn’t paint pictures, but she takes photographs. C. She doesn’t dance, but she sings.

4.

A. Do you play chess? B. Do you play guitar? C. Do you play piano?

No, I play checkers. No, I play piano. Yes, I play piano.

5.

A. What are your hobbies? B. What are your hobbies? C. What are your hobbies?

I like to run and sing. I like to read and dance. I like to walk and play cards. 260

12. Work with a partner. Look at the pictures and make up dialogues about someone’s hobbies. Use the models and phrases from Exercise 11.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks.

1. Answer the following questions in Bangla. A. What is your favorite sport or recreational activity? B. How often do you participate in your activity? C. What is your favorite hobby? D. What did you do last weekend? E. What will you do next weekend?

2. Work with a partner or in a small group. In Bangla, describe the pictures below, using the vocabulary you have learned in this lesson. Check the answer key for some ideas.

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Vocabulary List Bowling alley Bowling Cards Chess Computer science Gymnasium Hobby Paint pictures Playing field bowl dance play chess, cards; play soccer, volleyball; play a piano, a guitar run sing ski swim take pictures Soccer field Songs Stadium Swimming pool Tennis Tennis court

bowling alley bowling card daba computer science gymnasium shawkh chobi aka khaelar maTh bowling kawrnacdaba khael-, tash khaelfootball khael-, volleyball khael-, piano baja-, guitar bajadouragaski kawrshatar kaTchobi tolfootball maTh gan/ganguli stadium swimming pool tennis tennis court

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‡evwjs G¨wj ‡evwjs KvW© `vev Kw¤úDUvi mv‡qb&m wRg‡bwmqvg kL Qwe AvuKv ‡Ljvi gvV ‡evwjs KibvP`vev †Lj-, Zvm †LjdzUej †Lj- , fwjej †Ljwcqv‡bv evRv-, wMUvi evRv‡`ŠovMvw¯‹ KimuvZvi KvUQwe*†ZvjdzUej gvV Mvb/ Mvb¸wj ‡÷wWqvg myBwgscyj ‡Uwbm ‡Uwbm †KvU©

Answer Key 6. A. Do you play chess? A. Avcwb wK `vev †L‡jb? apni ki daba khaelen?

- Yes, I play chess. - nu¨v, Avwg `vev †Lwj| - hae, ami daba kheli.

B. Do you play the piano? B. Avcwb wK wcqv‡bv evRvb? apni ki piano bajan?

- Yes, I play the piano. - nu¨v, Avwg wcqv‡bv evRvB| - hae, ami piano bajaii.

C. What are your hobbies? C. Avcbvi Kx Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M? apnar ki korte bhalo lage?

- My hobbies are running and taking pictures.

D. What sports does he play? D. I Kx †L‡j? o ki khaele?

- He plays soccer and basketball. - I dzUej Avi ev‡¯‹Uej †L‡j| - o football ar basketball khaele.

E. What are your hobbies? E. Avcbvi Kx Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M? apnar ki korte bhalo lage?

- My hobbies are reading and swimming. - Avgvi co‡Z Avi mvZvi KvU‡Z fvj jv‡M| - amar porte ar shatar kaTte bhalo lage.

F. What does she like to do? F. Ii Kx Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M? or ki korte bhalo lage?

- She likes to walk and play guitar.

- Avgvi †`Šov‡Z Avi Qwe Zzj‡Z fvj jv‡M| - amar dourate ar chobi tulte bhalo lage.

- Ii nuvU‡Z Avi wMUvi evRv‡Z fvj jv‡M| - or haTte ar guitar jabate bhalo lage.

8. My name is Masud Ahmed. I am from Dhaka. I go to Jagannath College in Dhaka. I am very busy with my classes and my hobbies. I study computer science, and I play on the university soccer team. I have class every day from 8:30 to 3:00 in the afternoon. After school I have soccer practice every day from 4:00 to 6:00. I like to play soccer. My friends and I play on the weekends too. I also like to swim and to play the guitar. I’m not very good at the guitar. This weekend my friends and I will go to a concert at the stadium in Chittagong. Our favorite singer will sing. After the concert we will go to a restaurant and have dinner. A. __F___Masud Ahmed is from Jessore, Khulna. B. __T___He is a student at Jagannath College in Dhaka, Dhaka. C. __F___Masud studies chemistry. D. __T___Masud plays on the university soccer team. E. __T___ He has class every day from 8:30 to 3:00. F. __F__ Masud likes to swim and play the piano. H. __F__After the concert Masud will go home to do his homework.

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10. A. QvÎiv wRg&‡bwmqvg-G fwjej †L‡j| chatrora gymnasium-e volleyball khaele. B.‡Q‡j‡g‡qiv myBwgs cy‡j muvZvi Kv‡U| chelemeyra swimming poole shatar kaTe. C.‡g‡qiv †evwjs G¨wj‡Z †evwjs Ki‡Z hvq| meyra bowling alleyte bowling korte jai. D.Avgvi eÜziv cvnv‡o †`Šov‡Z hvq| amar bondhura pahare dourate jai.

11. 1.

A. She will swim after school.

I ¯‹z‡ji c‡i muvZvi KvU‡e| 2.

o schooler pawre shatar kaTbe. B. He likes to play soccer and volleyball.

Ii dzUej Avi fwjej †Lj‡Z fvj jv‡M| 3.

or football ar volleyball khelte bhalo lage. C. She doesn’t dance, but she sings.

I bv‡P bv, wKš‘ Mvb Mvq| 4.

5.

o nace na, kintu gan gai. A. Do you play chess?

No, I play checkers.

Avcwb wK `vev †L‡jb?

bv, Avwg †PKvm© †Lwj|

apni ki daba khaelen? B. What are your hobbies?

na, ami checkers kheli. I like to read and dance.

Avcbvi Kx Ki‡Z fvj jv‡M?

Avgvi co‡Z Avi bvP‡Z fvj jv‡M|

apnar ki korte bhalo lage?

amar porte ar nacte bhalo lage.

End-of-Lesson Tasks. 2.

‡Q‡jiv myBwgs cy‡j fwjej †L‡j|

‡Q‡jiv †Uwbm †KvU©-G †Uwbm †L‡j|

chelera swimming poole volleyball khaele. chelera tennis court-e tennis khaele.

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‡Q‡jiv ‡Ljvi gv‡V dzUej †L‡j|

‡jvKUv cvnv‡o Qwe Zz‡j|

chelera khaelar maThe football khaele.

lokTa pahare chobi tule.

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Lesson 17 Health and the Human Body

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

¯^v¯’¨ Avi gvbe‡`n

shastho ar manobdeho

This lesson will introduce you to: - vocabulary related to the human body - asking questions about a person’s state of health - answering questions about health conditions - typical exchanges at the doctor’s office.

1. Listen as the speaker recites the vocabulary. Then study the diagram and match the Bangla terms for each body part with the diagram. Abdomen Arm Back Chest Chin Ear Elbow Eye Face Fingers Foot/Feet Genitals Hair Hand

D`i evû wcV eyK _yZwb Kvb KbyB ‡PvL gyL AvOyj cv ‡hŠbv½ Pzj nvZ

gv_v KwU nuvUz cv gyL Mjv bvK ‡kªvYx/KzPwK Nvo/Kuva ‡cU cv‡qi AvOyj Tooth/Teeth `uvZ Waist ‡Kvgi Head Hip Knee Leg Mouth Neck Nose Pelvis/groin Shoulder Stomach Toes

udawr bahu piTh buk thutni kan konui cokh mukh angul pa jounango cul hat

matha koTi haTu pa mukh gawla nak sroni/kucki ghar/kadh peT payer angul dat komor

2. In Bangla, name the body parts that come in pairs. Check the answer key. 3. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate body part in Bangla. Check your work with the answer key.

‡PvL

Kvb

cv

cv

gv_v

nvZ

Mjv

gyL

cokh

kan

pa

pa

matha

hat

gawla

mukh

267

A. I use my ____________ to read a book. B. I listen to music with my _____________. C. Walking is good for my ____________. D. I wear shoes and socks on my _____________. E. In the winter, I wear a hat on my __________, gloves on my ___________ , and a scarf around my __________. F. I eat and drink with my __________________.

“Feel” is “lag-”; “I feel sick” = “amar awshustho lage”, where awshustho = sick. The statement is similar to the structure of “amar bhalo lage”. If the doctor says, “How are you feeling?”/“apnar kaemon lagche?” The patient could respond by saying, “I am feeling sick.”/ “amar awshustho lagche.” Instead of the simple present, “lage”, “lagche” is more idiomatic in these contexts. An alternative way of saying “I am sick” is “ami ashustho”, where the subject is in the nominative. How do you feel? I feel sick.

Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M?*

Avgvi Amy¯’ jv‡M|

apnar kaemon lage?

amar awshustho lage. I feel weak/weakness.

Avgvi `ye©j jv‡M| amar durbawl lage. I feel bad.

Avgvi Lvivc jv‡M| amar kharap lage. What symptoms do you have?

I have a sore throat.

Avcbvi Kx Kx j¶Y Av‡Q?

Avgvi Mjv Lyk Lyk K‡i|

apnar ki ki lokkhon?

amar gawla khush khush kawre. I have a fever.

Avgvi R¡i| amar jawr. I have a headache.

Avgvi gv_v e¨_v| amar matha baetha.

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Where does it hurt?

My left ankle hurts.

†Kv_vq e¨_v K‡i?

Avgvi ev †Mvovwj‡Z e¨_v K‡i|

kothai baetha kawre?

amar ba goralite baetha kawre. My back hurts.

Avgvi wc‡V e¨_v K‡i| amar piThe baetha kawre. My stomach hurts.

Avgvi ‡c‡U e¨_v K‡i| amar peTe baetha kawre.

4. Listen to the following questions and answers, and read along in the workbook. A. How do you feel?

Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M?

I feel sick.

Avgvi Amy¯’ jv‡M|

apnar kaemon lage?

amar awshustho lage.

B. What is the matter with her?

Zvi Kx n‡q‡Q?*

Zvi cv e¨_v K‡i|

tar ki hoyeche?

tar piTh baetha kawre.

C. How do you feel?

Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M?

My head hurts.

Avgvi gv_v e¨_v K‡i|

apnar kaemon lage?

amar matha baetha kawre.

D. Are you in pain?

Yes, my arm is broken.

Avcbvi wK †Kv_vI e¨_v Av‡Q? apnar ki kothao baetha ache?

E. Where does it hurt?

†Kv_vq e¨_v K‡i? kothai baetha kawre? F. Are you sick?

Avcwb wK Amy¯’? apni ki awshustho? G. Are you OK?

Avcwb wK wVK Av‡Qb? apni ki Thik achen?

Her leg hurts.

nu¨v, Avgvi nvZ fvOv| hae, amar hat bhanga.

My stomach hurts.

Avgvi ‡c‡U e¨_v K‡i| amar peTe baetha kawre. No, I’m pregnant.

bv, Avgvi ev”Pv n‡e| na, amar bacca hawbe. I don’t feel good. I feel nauseous and have a stomachache.

Avgvi kixi fvj bv| Avgvi ewg ewg jv‡M Avi †cU e¨_v K‡i| amar shorir bhalo na. amar bomi bomi lage ar peT baetha kawre.

269

H. Are you taking any medication?

Avcwb wK †Kvb IlyacÎ Lvb? apni ki kono oshudhpawtro khan?

Yes, over-the-counter ones.

nu¨v, †h¸wj ‡cÖm&wµckb Qvov| hae, jeguli prescription chara.

* The verb tense used here is the present perfect: “hoyeche”; “apnar ki hoyeche?”/ “what has happened to you?” The simple present, “hawy” or the present continuous, “hocche” would be incorrect here. 5. Working with a partner, role-play the dialogues from Exercise 4. 6. Match each picture with the corresponding statement.

A

B

C

1. Kgeqmx †g‡qUv Amy¯’ bv| Ii ev”Pv n‡e| kawmbawyshi meyTa awshustho na. or bacca hawbe. 2. ‡QvU †g‡qUvi R¡i, Mjv Lyk Lyk K‡i, Avi Mv‡q e¨_v, Avi I nuvwP ‡`q Avi Kv‡k| Ii d¬z

n‡q‡Q| choTo meyTar jawr, khush khushe kashi, ar gaye baetha, ar o haci dae ar kashe. or flu hoyeche. 3. ‡QvU †Q‡jUvi ewg ewg jv‡M Avi †cU e¨_v K‡i | choTo cheleTar bomi bomi lage ar peT baetha kawre.

7. Work with a partner. Role-play the doctor and patient. Use the questions from Exercise 4 as a model. Use the phrases from Exercise 5 to describe your symptoms.

270

8. Listen to and read the list of typical symptoms for each ailment. Flu Fever Body aches Sneezing Congestion Sore throat Coughing Head cold Congestion Sore throat Sneezing Coughing Severe Pain Broken Bone Swelling Bruise Bleeding Sprain Bruise Swelling Pain

flu jawr gaye baetha khush kawr- haci buke kashi gawla khush kashi mathai Thanda buke kashi gawla khush khush kawrhaci kashi shanghatik baetha bhanga har phola aghat rawkto khawron mawckano aghat/ baetha phola baetha

d¬z R¡i Mv‡q e¨_v nuvwP(noun) ey‡K Kvwk Mjv Lyk Lyk KiKvwk(noun) gv_vq VvÊv ey‡K Kvwk Mjv Lyk Lyk KinuvwP(noun) Kvwk(noun) mvsNvwZK e¨_v fvOv nuvo ‡dvjv AvNvZ i³ ¶iY gPKv‡bv AvNvZ/ e¨_v ‡dvjv e¨_v

271

9. Look at the chart of symptoms in Exercise 8. Work with a partner or in a small group. Develop questions the doctor can ask about one’s symptoms to be able to diagnose the problem. (1 ft = 30 cm, 1 inch = 2.5 cm, 100 cm = 1 meter, 1 lb = 0.454 kg). The metric system has been introduced in Bangladesh. Although weight is measured in grams, height is in feet, even though they are both officially recorded in centimeters in the passport. - How tall is he, and how much does he weigh?

- †m KZ j¤^v, Avi Zvi KZ IRb? - she kawto lawmba, ar tar ojon kawto? - He is 70” tall and weighs 185 pounds. - †m 175 †m.wg. j¤^v, Avi Zvi IRb 84 ‡K.wR.| - she 175 cm lawmba, ar tar ojon 84 kg. - How tall are you? How much do you weigh? - Avcwb KZ j¤^v? Avcbvi IRb KZ? - apni kawto lawmba? apnar ojon kawto? - I am 66 inches tall and weigh 120 pounds. - Avwg 165†m.wg. j¤^v, Avi Avgvi IRb 55 ‡K.wR.| - ami 165 cm lawmba, ar amar ojon 55 kg.

10. Work with a partner. Take turns asking each other about your height and weight. Do not forget to use the units of measure appropriate for Bangla.

11. Listen to the speaker and read the statements below. Translate the dialogues into English. Check your work with the answer key. A. - Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M? - apnar kaemon lage? -

Avgvi kixi fvj bv| Avgvi ewg ewg jv‡M| amar shorir bhalo na. amar bomi bomi lage.

B. - Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M? - apnar kaemon lage? -

Avgvi kixi fvj, wKš‘ Avgvi GKUz ewg ewg jv‡M| amar shorir bhalo, kintu amar ekTu bomi bomi lage.

272

C. - Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M? - apnar kaemon lage? - Avgvi kixj fvj bv, wKš‘ Avgvi ewg ewg jv‡M bv| - amar shorir bhalo na, kintu amar bomi bomi lage na. D. - Avgvi g‡b nq Avgvi cv †f‡O‡Q| GKUv G¨v¤^y‡jb&m Wv‡Kb| - amar mone hawy amar pa bhengeche. aekTa ambulance Daken. E. - Avgvi g‡b nq Zvi cv †f‡O‡Q| GKUv G¨v¤^y‡jb&m Wv‡Kb| - amar mone hawy tar pa bhengeche. aekTa ambulance Daken. F. - Zvi wK cv †f‡O‡Q? Avgvi g‡b nq| GKUv G¨v¤^y‡jb&m Wv‡Kb| - tar ki pa bhengeche? amar mone hawy. aekTa ambulance Daken.

12. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and mark the statement that you hear. Check your work with the answer key. 1. A. Where does it hurt? My stomach hurts. B. Where does it hurt? My back hurts. C. Where does it hurt? My neck hurts. 2.

A. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a headache. B. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a stomachache. C. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and my body aches.

3.

A. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I’m nauseous. B. How do you feel? I feel fine, but I’m a little nauseous. C. How do you feel? I don’t feel well, but I’m not nauseous.

4. A. I think I broke my leg. Please call an ambulance! B. I think he broke his leg. Please call an ambulance! C. Did he break his leg? I think so, please call an ambulance!

273

End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Ask and answer the following questions in Bangla. Check the answer key. A. Avcbvi hLb d¬z nq, ZLb Avcbvi j¶Y¸wj Kx?* apnar jawkhon flu hawy, tawkhon apnar lokkhonguli ki? B. Avcwb wK †Kvb IlyacÎ Lvb? apni ki kono oshudhpawtro khan? C. Avcwb wK KL‡bv †Kvb nuvo †f‡O‡Qb? †f‡O _vK‡j, †KvbUv/(¸wj)? apni ki kawkhono kono har bhengeche? bhenge thakle, konTa/ (guli)? D. Avcbvi D”PZv KZ Avi IRb KZ? apnar uccota kawto ar ojon kawto? E. Avcwb KZ Nb Nb Wv³vi †`Lvb? cÖwZ gv‡m? cÖwZ eQi? wZb eQ‡i GKevi? apni kawto ghawno ghawno Daktar daekhan? proti mashe? proti bawchor? tin bawchore aekbar?

* “jawkhon”/when indicates independent action, and, “tawkon”/then, which is implicit in English, indicates dependent action.

2. Tell the class what you do in order to keep a healthy weight. Do you exercise? What types of exercise do you do? How often and for how long do you exercise? Do you have a special diet? What kind? What do you eat and what don’t you eat? Give an example of your menu. What do you order when you eat out, and how does it affect your diet the next day? 3. Work with a partner or in a small group. Describe the picture below.

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Vocabulary List Abnormal Allergies Ambulance Arm Chest Chin Are you in pain? Are you taking any medication? Body aches Broken bone Bruise Call an ambulance! Congestion Coughing (noun) Ear Elbow Eye Fingers Foot Feel Fever Flu/Influenza Hand Head Hip Knee Help! How do you feel? Hurt (noun) Leg Mouth Nose Neck Medicine Nausea Pain

awshabhabik allergy ambulance bahu buk thutni apnar ki baetha kawre? apni ki kono oshudhpawtro khan? gaye/ga baetha bhanga har khawto/aghat ambulance Daken! buke kashi kashi kan konui cokh angul pa lagjawr flu/influenza hat matha koTi haTu bacao apnar kaemon lage? baetha pa mukh nak gawla oshudh bomi bomi baetha

275

A¯^vfvweK GjvwR© G¨v¤^y‡jb&m evû eyK _yZwb Avcbvi wK e¨_v K‡i? Avcwb wK †Kvb IlyacÎ Lvb? Mv‡q/Mv e¨_v fvOv nuvo ¶Z/AvNvZ G¨v¤^y‡jb&m Wv‡Kb! ey‡K Kvwk Kvwk Kvb KbyB ‡PvL AvOyj cv jvMR¡i d¬z/Bbd¬z‡qb&Rv nvZ gv_v KwU nuvUz euvPvI Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M? e¨_v cv gyL bvK Mjv Ilya ewg ewg e¨_v

Pregnant Shoulder Toes Waist Sick Sneezing (noun) Sore throat Stomach Stomach cramps Strain Swelling Symptoms What is the matter? Where does it hurt?

bacca hawbe ghar/ kadh payer angul komor awshustho haci gawla khush khush kawrpeT peT mocrano cap phola lokkhon ki hoyeche? kothai baetha kawre?

276

ev”Pv n‡e Nvo/Kuva cv‡qi AvOyj ‡Kvgi Amy¯’ nuvwP Mjv Lyk Lyk Ki‡cU ‡cU ‡gvPovb Pvc ‡dvjv j¶Y Kx n‡q‡Q? ‡Kv_vq e¨_v K‡i?

Answer Key 2. eyes

ears

legs/ feet

hands elbows

knees shoulders

arms hips

‡PvL

Kvb

cv

nvZ

KbyB

nuvUz

evû

KwU

cokh

kan

pa

hat

konui

haTu ghar/kadh

bahu

koTi

3. A. ‡PvL cokh B. Kvb kan C. cv pa D. cv pa E. gv_v matha F. gyL mukh

nvZ

Mjv

hat

gawla

Nvo/Kuva

6.

A

B

C

1. B. The young woman is not sick. She is pregnant.

Kgeqmx †g‡qUv Amy¯’ bv| Ii ev”Pv n‡e| kawmbawyshi meyTa awshustho na. or bacca hawbe. 2. A. The little girl has a fever, a sore throat and body aches, and she is sneezing and coughing. She has the flu.

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‡QvU †g‡qUvi R¡i, Mjv Lyk Lyk K‡i, Avi Mv‡q e¨_v, Avi I nuvwP w`‡”Q* Avi Kvk‡Q*| Ii d¬z n‡q‡Q| choTo meyTar jawr, khush khushe kashi, ar gaye baetha, ar o haci dicche ar kashche. or flu hoyeche. 3. C. The little boy is nauseous and has a stomachache.

‡QvU †Q‡jUvi ewg ewg jv‡M Avi †cU e¨_v K‡i | choTo cheleTar bomi bomi lage ar peT baetha kawre. 11. C. – How do you feel?

- Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M? - apnar kaemon lage? -

I don’t feel well. I’m nauseous.

Avgvi kixi fvj bv| Avgvi ewg ewg jv‡M| amar shorir bhalo na. amar bomi bomi lage.

D. - How do you feel? - Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M? - apnar kaemon lage? -

I feel fine, but I’m a little nauseous.

Avgvi kixi fvj, wKš‘ Avgvi GKUz ewg ewg jv‡M| amar shorir bhalo, kintu amar ekTu bomi bomi lage.

C. - How do you feel?

- Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M? -

apnar kaemon lage?

- I don’t feel well, but I’m not nauseous. - Avgvi kixi fvj bv, wKš‘ Avgvi ewg ewg jv‡M bv| - amar shorir bhalo na, kintu amar bomi bomi lage na. D. I think I broke my leg. Please call an ambulance! - Avgvi g‡b nq Avgvi cv †f‡O‡Q| GKUv G¨v¤^y‡jb&m Wv‡Kb| - amar mone hawy amar pa bhengeche. aekTa ambulance Daken. E. I think he broke his leg. Please call an ambulance! - Avgvi g‡b nq Zvi cv †f‡O‡Q| GKUv G¨v¤^y‡jb&m Wv‡Kb| - amar mone hawy tar pa bhengeche. aekTa ambulance Daken.

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F. Did he break his leg? I think so. Please call an ambulance! - Zvi wK cv wK †f‡O‡Q? Avgvi g‡b nq| GKUv G¨v¤^y‡jb&m Wv‡Kb| -- tar ki pa bhengeche? amar mone hawy. aekTa ambulance Daken. 12. 1. A. ‡Kv_vq e¨_v K‡i? †c‡U e¨_v K‡i| kothai baetha kawre? peTe baetha kawre. 2. B. Avcbvi Kx Kx j¶Y Av‡Q? Avgvi R¡i Avi †cU e¨_v| apnar ki ki lokkhon ache? amar jawr ar pet baetha. 3. C. Avcbvi †Kgb jv‡M? Avgvi kixj fvj bv, wKš‘ Avgvi ewg ewg jv‡M bv| apnar kaemon lage? amar shorir bhalo na, kintu amar bomi bomi lage na. 4. A. Avgvi g‡b nq Avgvi cv †f‡O‡Q| GKUv G¨v¤^y‡jb&m Wv‡Kb! amar mone hawy amar pa bhengeche. aekTa ambulance Daken! End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. A. When you have flu, what are your symptoms?

Avcbvi hLb d¬z nq, ZLb Avcbvi j¶Y¸wj Kx?* apnar jawkhon flu hawy, tawkhon apnar lokkhonguli ki?

Avgvi R¡i nq| amar jawr hawy. B. Are you taking any medications?

Avcwb wK †Kvb IlyacÎ Lvb? apni ki kono oshudhpawtro khan?

wR, LvB| jee, khaii. C. Have you ever broken a bone? If yes, which one(s)?

Avcwb wK KL‡bv †Kvb nuvo †f‡O‡Qb? †f‡O _vK‡j, †KvbUv/(¸wj)? apni ki kawkhono kono har bhengeche? bhenge thakle, konTa/ (guli)?

wR, †f‡OwQ| Avgvi evg KbyBUv| jee, bhengechi. amar bam konuiTa. D. What is your height and weight?

Avcbvi D”PZv KZ Avi IRb KZ? apnar uccota kawto ar ojon kawto?

Avgvi D”PZv, 100 †m.wg. Avi IRb 60 †K.wR.| amar uccota , 100 cm ar ojon 60 kg.

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E. How often do you see a doctor? Every month? Every year? Every 3 years?

Avcwb KZ Nb Nb Wv³vi †`Lvb? cÖwZ gv‡m? cÖwZ eQi? wZb eQ‡i GKevi? apni kawto ghawno ghawno Daktar daekhan? proti mashe? proti bawchor? tin bawchore aekbar?

cÖwZ eQi| proti bawchor.

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Lesson 18 Political and International Events

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

ivR‰bwZK I AvšÍR©vwZK NUbv rajnoitik o antorjatik ghawTona

This lesson will introduce you to: - The vocabulary associated with politics and international issues - How they are reported in the news in Bangladesh - How to read and understand political events written in Bangla newspapers.

The political structure of Bangladesh The Executive Branch: The Chief of State is the President, whose duties are normally ceremonial, but with the 13th amendment to the constitution ("Caretaker Government Amendment"), the president's role becomes significant when Parliament is dissolved and a caretaker government is installed, at presidential direction, to supervise the elections. The current President is Iajuddin Ahmed, since 6 September 2002. The head of government is Prime Minister Khaleda Zia since 10 October 2001. The cabinet is selected by the prime minister and appointed by the president. The president is elected by the National Parliament for a five-year term. Following legislative elections, the leader of the party that wins the most seats is usually appointed prime minister by the president. The legislative Branch: The National Parliament or Jatiya Sangsad is unicameral with 300 seats elected by popular vote from single territorial constituencies. The members serve five-year terms. The Judicial Branch: The chief justices and other judges of the Supreme Court are appointed by the president. The legal system is based on English common law. The main political parties are Bangladesh Nationalist Party or BNP [Khaleda ZIA, chairperson], and Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]. The others are Communist Party of Bangladesh or CPB; Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ; Jamaat-e-Islami or JI; Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction); Jatiya Party. With the emergence of the caretaker government since 1991, elections have been fair and administered under international monitoring. Government majorities have been formed for the last ten years as coalitions with the religious party, Jamaat-e-Islami. Thus, Bangladesh has seen a rise in Islamic fundamentalism and an increase in the following of JI through force and violence. Since previous and current governments have been formed as coalitions with JI, they have allowed JI's actions to continue unregulated. As a result, JI has thwarted any opposition against them with violence leading to gross violation of human rights and freedom of speech. Ref: CIA Fact Book, 2005 281

1. Familiarize yourself with the political terms. Government Prime minister President Leader (ruler) Dictator Parliament Ministry Election Official/Officials Political Party Vote Republic State Democracy/democratic Term of office Policy Human Rights Religious Racial Radical World Conflict War Invade/invasion Nuclear bombs/weapons

shawrkar prodhanmontri rashTropoti neta (shashok) aekonayok shawngshod montronalawy nirbacon kawrmokawrta/kawrmokawrtara rajnoitik dawl bhoT projatawntro rashTro gawnotawntro/ gawnotantrik shashoner meyad niti manobadhikar dhormiyo shamprodayik cawromponthi bissho/prithibi shawnghat juddho akromon paromanobik boma/awstro

miKvi cªavbgš¿x ivóªcwZ ‡bZv (kvmK) GKbvqK msm` gš¿Yvjq wbe©vPb Kg©KZ©v/Kg©KZ©viv ivR‰bwZK `j ‡fvU cÖRvZš¿ ivóª MbZš¿ / MbZvwš¿K kvm‡bi †gqv` bxwZ gvbevwaKvi ag©xq mv¤cÖ`vwqK Pigcš’x wek¦/c„w_ex msNvZ hy× AvµgY cvigvbweK †evgv/A¯¿

2. Listen to and read the following statements. While reading, note the use of the new vocabulary. The Iraqi leader The Russian officials The South African government Religious differences Middle East conflict The war in Iraq

iraki neta rush kawrmokawrta dokkhin africar shawrkar

BivwK †bZv i“k Kg©KZ©v `w¶Y Avwd«Kvi miKvi

dhormiyo birodh moddhopraccer shawnkoT iraker juddho

ag©xq we‡iva ga¨cÖv‡P¨i msKU Biv‡Ki hy×

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The radical political party Islamic fundamentalism

cawromponthi rajnoitik dawl islami moulobad

Pigcš’x ivR‰bwZK `j Bmjvgx †gŠjev`

The President of the United States is George Bush.

hy³iv‡óªi ivóªcwZ RR© eyk juktorashTrer rashTropoti george bush. Japan and Great Britain have prime ministers.

Rvcvb Avi hy³iv‡R¨i cªavbgš¿x Av‡Q| japan ar juktorajjer prodhanmontri ache. This was the first political election in that country.

GUv IB †`‡ki cÖ_g ivR‰bwZK wbe©vPb| eTa oi desher prothom rajnoitik nirbacon. Human rights are a very important issue in the world today.

AvR‡Ki we‡k¦ gvbevwaKvi Lye ¸i“Z¡c~Y© welq| ajker bisshe manobadhikar khub guruttopurno bishawy.

Bengalis* are avid readers of newspapers, with many households subscribing to more than one daily. The population is politically savvy irrespective of locations and income levels. There are a number of national dailies, and each district town has local dailies as well. Other than a few English dailies from Dhaka and Chittagong, all the rest are in Bangla. All newspapers are privately owned and since 1991, the Government has not directly interfered with how the news is reported in newspapers. This is significantly different from the main TV and Radio stations, which are owned by the Government. Some dailies have tried to establish themselves as independent observers, but most have recognized political biases. *Also spelled as Bengalees

3. Listen to and read the following news report from Bangla. Then answer the questions that follow. Check your work with the answer key. The sentences in the Bangla text are deliberately disjointed in order to make it easier for the students to understand. When they translate the Bangla text to English, they should not do it literally, but in idiomatic English.

MZKvj XvKv BDwbfvwm©wU‡Z ag©NU wQj| QqUv QvÎ msMVb †mvgev‡ii †evgvevwRi Z`šÍ Pvq| GB ‡evgvq 16 Rb †jvK, Zvi g‡a¨ 12 Rb XvKv BDwbfvwm©wUi QvÎ AvnZ nq| MZKvj †Kvb K¬vm nq bvB/wb*| QvÎiv Ges Ab¨vb¨ msMVb K¨v¤úv‡m GKUv gvbe eÜb MVb K‡i Avi i¨vwjI K‡i|

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gawtokal Dhaka universityte dhawrmoghawT chilo. chawyTa chatro shawngoThawn shombarer bomabajir tawdonto cai. ei bomai 16 jon lok, tar moddhe 12 jon Dhaka universityr chatro ahoto hawy. gawtokal kono class hawy nai/ni. chatrora ebong onnanno shawngoThawn campuse aekTa manob bawndhon gawThon kawre ar rallyo kawre. 1. Where was a strike held? Why? 2. How many student organizations were involved? 3. How many students were injured in the bombing? 4. How many people were injured all together? 5. What else did the students do as a sign of protest? *In written Bangla, “ni” should be used. 4. Work in small groups. Pretend that you are a crew working for a news program. Come up with a short description of a political event. Use the questions from Exercise 3 as an outline for your report. 5. Work in a small group or with a partner. Go over the information on the political system in Bangladesh one more time. Recall the information in Bangla. Report to your teacher and to the class.

284

International Geography

AvšÍR©vwZK f~-‡Mvj antorjatik bhugol

285

6. Read the information about Bangladesh. Answer the questions. Some geographical features of Bangladesh

evsjv‡`‡ki wKQy †fŠMwjK ˆewkó¨ bangladesher kichu bhougolik boishishTo

Location: Southern Asia; bordering the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and India

awbosthan: dokkhin asia, bawngoposhagorer teere burma ar bharoter moddhe awbosthito

Ae¯’vb: `w¶Y Gwkqv; e‡½vcmvM‡ii Zx‡i eg©v Avi fvi‡Zi g‡a¨ Aew¯’Z

total area: 144,000 sq km Slightly smaller than Iowa

moT khetrophawl: 144,000 bawrgo kilometer iowar ceye ekTu choTo

‡gvU †¶Îdj: 144, 000 eM© wK‡jvwgUvi AvBIqvi †P‡q GKUz †QvU

Land boundaries: total 4,246 km, Burma 193 km, India 4,053 km

sthawlobhager shimarekha: moT 4,246 km, burma 193km, bharot 4,053 km

¯’jfv‡Mi mxgv‡iLv: ‡gvU 4,246 wK.wg., eg©v 193 wK.wg. fviZ 4,053 wK.wg.

Coastline 580 km

jawlobhager shimarekha: 580 km

Rjfv‡Mi mxgv‡iLv: 580 wK.wg.

Terrain: most of the country is situated on deltas; large rivers flowing from the Himalaya; mostly flat plain; hilly in southeast

bhukhawnDo: desher beshir bhag baw-dip; himalay theke bawro bawro nodi ashe; muloto shawmotawl bhumi; dokkhinpurbo dike pahari

f~-LÛ: ‡`‡ki †ewki fvM e-Øxc; wngvjq †_‡K eo eo b`x Av‡m; g~jZt mgZj f~wg; `w¶Yc~e© w`‡K cvnvwo

Ref: CIA Fact Book, 2005

1. Where is Bangladesh located? evsjv‡`k †Kv_vq Aew¯’Z? bangladesh kothai awbosthito? 2. What is its total area? Zvi ‡gvU †¶Îdj KZ? tar moT khetrophawl kawto? 3. Who are its neighbors? Zvi cÖwZ‡ekx †`k wK wK? tar protibeshi desh ki ki? 4. What does its terrain look like? f~-LÊ †Kgb? bhu-khawnDo kaemon?

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7. Listen to the speaker and follow along in your book.* Afghanistan/Afghani Canada/Canadian China/Chinese Denmark/Danes Egypt/Egyptian England/English Finland/Finns France/French Germany/German Great Britain/British India/Indian Indonesia/Indonesian Iran/Iranian Iraq/Iraqi Ireland/Irish Israel/Israeli Italy/Italian Japan/Japanese Jordan/Jordanian Korea/Korean Kuwait/Kuwaiti Mexico/Mexican Netherlands/Dutch Norway/Norwegian Pakistan/Pakistani Philippines/Filipino Russia/Russian Saudi Arabia/Saudi Scotland/Scot South Africa/South African

afghanistan/afghani canada/canadiyo cin/cina denmark/ denmarker mishawr/mishoriyo england/ingrej finland/finlander france/fawrashi germany/german juktorajjo/british bharot/bharotiyo indonesia/indonesiar iran/irani iraq/iraqi ireland/irelander israel/israeli italy/italiyo japan/japani jordan/jordaner korea/korean kuwait/kuwaiti mexico/mexicor netherland/dutch norway/norwayr pakistan/pakistani philippines/filipino russia/rush* saudi arob/saudi scotland/scotlander dokkhin africa/dokkhin africar

AvdMvwb¯Ívb/AvdMvbx K¨vbvWv/K¨v‡bWxq Pxb/Pxbv ‡WbgvK©/‡Wbgv‡K©i wgki/wgkixq Bsj¨vÛ/Bs‡iR wdbj¨vÛ/wdbj¨v‡Ûi d«vÝ/divmx Rvg©vbx/Rvg©vb hy³ivR¨/weªwUk fviZ/fviZxq, BwÛqvb B‡›`v‡bwkqv/B‡›`v‡bwkqvi Bivb/Bivbx BivK/BivKx Avqvij¨vÛ/Avqvij¨v‡Ûi BRivBj/ BRivBjx BUvjx/ BUvjxq Rvcvb/ Rvcvbx RW©vb/ RW©v‡bi ‡Kvwiqv/‡Kvwiqvb Kz‡qZ/ Kz‡qZx ‡gw·‡Kv/‡gw·‡Kvi nj¨vÛ/WvP biI‡q/ biI‡qi cvwK¯Ívb/cvwK¯Ívbx wdwjwcb/ wdwjwc‡bv ivwkqv/i“k ‡mŠ`x Avie/‡mŠw`x ¯‹Uj¨vÛ/¯‹Uj¨v‡Ûi `w¶Y Avwd«Kv/`w¶Y Avwd«Kvi

Spain/Spanish Sweden/Swede Syria/Syrian Thailand/Thai Vietnam/Vietnamese

spain/spaeniyo sweden/swedener syria/syriar thailand/thai vietnam/vietnamer

‡¯úBb/‡¯úBbxq myB‡Wb/myB‡W†bi wmwiqv/ wmwiqvi _vBj¨vÛ/_vB wf‡qZbvg/wf‡qZbv‡gi

287

Wales/Welsh North America Central America South America Western Europe Central Europe Eastern Europe Middle East Southwest Asia Southeast Asia Africa Australia Eastern Asia Arctic Antarctic Pacific Rim

wales/waleser uttor america moddho america dokkhin america poshcim europe moddho europe purbo europe moddhopracco dokkhinposhcim asia dokkhinpurbo asia africa australia purbo asia arctic antarctic proshanto mawhashagorer deshgulo

I‡qBj&m/ I‡qBj‡mi DËi Av‡gwiKv ga¨ Av‡gwiKv `w¶Y Av‡gwiKv cwðg BD‡ivc ga¨ BD‡ivc c~e© BD‡ivc ga¨cÖvP¨ `w¶Ycwðg Gwkqv `w¶Yc~e© Gwkqv Avwd«Kv A‡÷ªwjqv c~e© Gwkqv AvK©wUK G¨v›Uv©KwUK cÖkvšÍ gnmvM‡ii ‡`k¸‡jv

*In the Romanizations, names of countries that are the same as the English retain the English spelling, with slight variations added if necessary; e.g., Canada/Canadian: canada/canadiyo; here each “a” is pronounced as in the English, and not as “a” in “far,” used for other Romanizations. “rush” is similar to “bush” While there are no distinct rules to make the name of the nationality out of the name of country, the suffixes for nationalities are usually –iyo, -er, -r, -i, -or –an.

8. Listen to and read the dialogues about nationality. Note the ways to determine one’s nationality. Are you from Syria?

No, I’m from Egypt. I’m an Egyptian.

Avcwb wK wmwiqvi?

bv, Avwg wgk‡ii| Avwg wgkixq|

apni ki syriar?

na, ami mishawrer. ami mishoriyo.

Are you American?

No, I’m Canadian.

Avcwb wK Av‡gwiKvb?

bv, Avwg K¨v‡bWxq|

apni ki American?

na, ami canadiyo.

What are you?

I’m Vietnamese.

Avcwb Kx?

Avwg wf‡qZbv‡gi|

apni ki?

ami vietnamer.

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Where are you from?

I’m from India. I’m Indian.

Avcbvi †`k †Kv_vq?

Avwg fvi‡Zi| Avwg fviZxq|

apnar desh kothai?

ami bharoter. ami bharotiyo.

Are you Indonesian?

Yes, I’m Indonesian. I live in Jakarta.

Avcwb wK B‡›`v‡bwkqvi?

nu¨v, Avwg B‡›`v‡bwkqvi| Avwg RvKvZ©vq _vwK|

apni ki indonesiar?

hae, ami indonesiar. ami jakartai thaki.

Are you from Afghanistan?

I live in Afghanistan, but I am Pakistani.

Avcwb wK AvdMvwb¯Ív‡bi?

Avwg AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b _vwK, wKš‘ Avwg cvwK¯Ívbx|

apni ki afghanistaner?

ami afghanistane thaki, kintu ami pakistani.

9. Working with a partner, complete the dialogues. Check your work with the answer key. 1. - …………………………..? - Yes, I’m Vietnamese. - nu¨v, Avwg wf‡qZbv‡gi| - hae, ami vietnamer. 2. - ……………………………? - No, I’m not American. I’m Canadian. - bv, Avwg Av‡gwiKvb bv| Avwg K¨v‡bWxq | - na, ami american na. ami canadiyo. 3. -

…………… or ……………..? I live in Pakistan, but I’m Afghani.

Avwg cvwK¯Ív‡b _vwK, wKš‘ Avwg AvdMvbx| ami pakistane thaki, kintu ami afghani.

4. - ……………..? - Yes, we are Iraqis. - nu¨v, Avgiv BivKx| - hae, amra iraqi.

10. What do you hear? The speaker will read one word from each line of text. Mark the word that you hear. Check the answer key. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

AvdMvwb¯Ívb Avqvij¨vÛ wf‡qZbvg ‡mŠw` Avie Kz‡qZ

cvwK¯Ívb _vBj¨vÛ B‡›`v‡bwkqv wmwiqv BivK

Bivb ‡b`vij¨vÛ Rvcvb BRivBj wgki 289

fviZ Bsj¨vÛ Pxb RW©vb ivwkq

End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Translate the following headlines into English. Check your work with the answer key.

‡f‡bRy‡qjvq nvgjv n‡j hy³ivóª‡K GK †duvUv †ZjI †`Iqv n‡e bv venezuelai hamla hole juktorashTroke aek phoTa telo dewa hawbe na

2025 mv‡j Avwd«Kvq GBWm& †ivMxi msL¨v 90 wgwjqb duhajarpocish shale africai aids rogir shawnkha 90 million

evsjv‡`k †WbgvK© †_‡K 25 †KvwU Wjvi mvnvh¨ cv‡”Q bangladesh denmark theke 25 koti dollar shahajjo pacche

‡K n‡eb wek¦e¨vs‡Ki bZyb †cÖwm‡W›U? ke hawben bisshobanker notun president?

e‡½vcmvM‡i N~wY©S‡o 5 Rb AvnZ bawngoposhagore ghurnijhawre 5 jon ahoto

DËi wngvj‡q bZzb eid uttor himalay-e notun bawrof

2. Listen to and read the following news report from Bangladesh, then answer the questions that follow. fviZ ‡deª“qvix, 2005-G mvK© mvwg‡U XvKvq Avm‡e bv| KviY fviZ e‡j‡Q †h evsjv‡`‡ki AvBb k„sLjvi Ae¯’v Lye Lvivc n‡q‡Q| †bcv‡jI ivR‰bwZK mgm¨v| wKš‘ evsjv‡`k ej‡Z Pvq †h w`j−xi mv‡_ XvKvi m¤úK© Lvivc n‡q‡Q; Zvi R‡b¨ fviZ Avm‡Z Pvq bv| fviZ †mUv A¯^xKvi K‡i|fviZ ‡deª“qvix, 2005-G mvK© mvwg‡U XvKvq Avm‡e bv| KviY fviZ e‡j‡Q †h evsjv‡`‡ki AvBb k„sLjvi Ae¯’v Lye Lvivc n‡q‡Q| †bcv‡jI ivR‰bwZK mgm¨v| wKš‘ evsjv‡`k ej‡Z Pvq †h w`j−xi mv‡_ XvKvi m¤úK© Lvivc n‡q‡Q; Zvi R‡b¨ fviZ Avm‡Z Pvq bv| fviZ †mUv A¯^xKvi K‡i| bharot februrary, 2005-e saarc summite Dhakai ashbe na 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Why is India not coming to the SAARC summit? Where was the summit being held and when? Which country has political problems as well? What is the claim of Bangladesh? Does India agree?

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3. Work with a partner or in a small group. From the list of the countries above, choose one and give a briefing on its location and political system. Pretend that you are giving a press conference. Your classmates will role-play the news reporters by asking you questions. The following questions may help you in your work: 1. Does this country have a President? Who is the current President? 2. How many political parties are there in this country? 3. Is there a war in this country now? 4. Does this country have a parliament? 5. Is there a democracy in this country? 6. Does this country have a Prime Minister? 7. Is the leader of this country a dictator? 8. Is this country a republic? 9. What is a specific geographical feature of this country?

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Vocabulary List Conflict Democracy/democratic Dictator Dispute Election Government Human Rights Invade/invasion Leader/ruler Ministry Nuclear bombs/weapons Official Parliament Policy Political Party President Prime minister Racial Radical Religious Republic State Term of office kill vote invade War World

shawnghat gawnotawntro/gawnotantrik aeknayok birodh nirbacon shawrkar manobadhikar akromon kawr-/akromon neta/shashok mawntronalawy paromanobik boma/awstro kawrmokawrta shawngshod neeti rajnoitik dawl rashTropoti prodhanmontri shamprodayik cawromponthi dhormiyo projatawntro rashTro shashoner meyad mere phaelbhoT deakromon kawrjuddho bissho/prithibi

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msNvZ MbZš¿/MbZvwš¿K GKbvqK we‡iva wbe©vPb miKvi gvbevwaKvi AvµgY Ki-/AvµgY ‡bZv/kvmK gš¿Yvjq cvigvbweK †evgv/A¯¿ Kg©KZ©v msm` bxwZ ivR‰bwZK `j ivóªcwZ cªavbgš¿x mv¤cÖ`vwqK Pigcš’x ag©xq cÖRvZš¿ ivóª kvm‡bi †gqv` ‡g‡i †dj‡fvU †`AvµgY Kihy× wek¦/c„w_ex

Answer Key 3. Yesterday, a strike was held at Dhaka University. Six student organizations demanded an investigation of Monday’s bombing. 16 people, including 12 students from Dhaka University, were injured in the bombing. No classes were held yesterday. Students and other organizations formed a human chain and held rallies on campus as well. 1. Where was a strike held? Why? A strike was held at Dhaka University demanding an investigation of the bombing. 2. How many student organizations were involved? Six student organizations were involved. 3. How many students were injured in the bombing? Twelve students were injured in the bombing. 4. How many people were injured all together? Sixteen people were injured all together. 5. What else did the students do as a sign of protest? They formed a human chain and held rallies on campus.

1. - Avcwb wK wf‡qZbv‡gi? - apni ki vietnamer? - Yes, I’m Vietnamese. - nu¨v, Avwg wf‡qZbv‡gi| - hae, ami vietnamer. 2. - Avcwb wK Av‡g‡iKvb? - apni ki american? - No, I’m not American. I’m Canadian. - bv, Avwg Av‡gwiKvb bv? Avwg K¨vbvWvi| - na, ami american na. ami candandar. 3. - Avcwb wK cvwK¯Ívbx bv AvdMvbx? - apni ki pakistani na afghani? - I live in Pakistan, but I’m Afghani.

- Avwg cvwK¯Ív‡b _vwK, wKš‘ Avwg AvdMvbx| - ami pakistane thaki, kintu ami afghanistani. 4. - Avcbviv wK BivKx? - apnara ki iraki?

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- Yes, we are Iraqis. - nu¨v, Avgiv BivKx| - hae, amra iraqi. 10. 1.

AvdMvwb¯Ívb afghanistan Afghanistan

2.

_vBj¨vÛ thailand Thailand

3.

Pxb cin China

4.

‡mŠw` Avie saudi arob Saudi Arabia

5.

wgki mishawr Egypt

End-of-Lesson Tasks 1. 1. If Venezuela is attacked, not a drop of oil will be given to the USA 2. In 2025 the number of AIDS patients will be 90 million 3. Bangladesh gets 250 million dollars as aid from Denmark 4. Who will be the new president of the World Bank? 5. 5 killed in a tornado in the Bay of Bengal 6. Fresh snow in northern Himalaya 2. India will not be coming for the SAARC summit to Dhaka in February 2005 because according to them, the law and order situation of Bangladesh has severely declined. There are political problems in Nepal as well. However, Bangladesh claims that India does not want to come as the relationship between Dhaka and Delhi has deteriorated. India denies it. 1. Why is India not coming to the SAARC summit? India is not coming to the SAARC summit because it claims the law and order situation of Bangladesh has severely declined. 2. Where was the summit being held and when? The summit was being held in Dhaka in February 2005. 3. Which country has political problems as well? Nepal has political problems as well.

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4. What is the claim of Bangladesh? Bangladesh claims that Delhi does not want to come because the relationship between Dhaka and Delhi has deteriorated. 5. Does India agree? No, India denies it.

295

Lesson 19 The Military

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

‡mbvevwnbx

shenabahini This lesson will introduce you to: - Basic military vocabulary - The rank structure of the U.S. Army - Names of weapons and army vehicles.

1. What do soldiers do? What do soldiers use? What do soldiers wear? The pictures will help you to guess the meaning of unknown terms.

‰mwbKiv BDwbdg© c‡i| Zviv cv‡q eyU Avi gv_vq †nj‡gU c‡i*| †nj‡gU Zv‡`i gv_v‡K Kvgvb, †Mvjv evi“`, Avi we‡ùviK †_‡K i¶v K‡i| ‰mwbK‡`i nv‡Z A¯¿ _v‡K| shoinikra uniform pawre. tara paye boot ar mathai helmet pawre. helmet tader mathake kaman, gola barud, ar bishphorok theke rokkha kawre. shoinikder hate awstro thake. * “pawre” as “wear” is spelled with “i”, like “after”, but not “o” as “fall” in “c‡o”/“pawre”. No distinction is made in the Romanization, since the pronunciation is similar and the meaning is clear from the context.

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GB ‰mwbKUv Zvi ivB‡dj w`‡q ¸wj Qy‡o|

ei shoinikTa tar rifle diye guli chure.

GB ‰mwbKUv †iwWI‡Z Zvi KgvÊv‡ii mv‡_ K_v e‡j| ei shoinikTa radiote tar commanderer shathe kawtha bawle.

GB ‰mwbKUvi i‡KU jÂvi Av‡Q| ei shoinikTar rocket launcher ache.

2. Now listen to the new words and repeat them after the speaker. Soldier Uniform Boots Helmet Protect Artillery Ammunition Explosives Weapons Radio Commander Fire Rifle Rocket launcher

‰mwbK BDwbdg© eyU ‡nj‡gU i¶v KiKvgvb ‡Mvjv evi“` we‡ùviK A¯¿ ‡iwWI KgvÊvi ¸wj †QvoivB‡dj i‡KU jÂvi

soldier uniform boot helmet rokkha kawrkaman gola barud bishphorok awstro radio commander fire rifle rocket launcher

297

3. Read the statements and match each one with the correct picture. Check the answer key.

1.

2.

3.

A. Dwb GKRb †emvgwiK e¨w³| Zvi A¯¿ bvB| Zvi †Q‡j‡g‡q Av‡Q| ini aekjon beshamorik bekti. tar awstro nai. tar chelemey ache. B. †m GKRb ‰mwbK| Zvi A¯¿ Av‡Q| she aekjon shoinik. tar awstro ache. C. ‰mwbKUv †emvgwiK e¨w³‡K A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zj−vwk Ki‡Q| shoiniktTa beshamorik bektike awstrer jonno tawlllashi korche.

4. Listen to the new words and repeat them after the speaker.

3. 2.

1.

wb‡R PvwjZ wgmvBj jÂvi

GB hvb¸wj nvgwf|

nije calito missile launcher

ei janguli humvee

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4.

5.

6.

U¨vsK

wb‡R PvwjZ ¸wj

eg©-Av”Qvw`Z mvgwiK hvb

tank

nije calito guli

bawrmo-acchadito shamorik jan

5. Now cover the names of the vehicles with a sheet of paper and name them. Repeat Exercise 4 as many times as you need to feel comfortable with the new terms. 1. …………………….. 2. …………………….. 3. …………………….. 4. …………………….. 5. …………………….. 6. ……………………..

6. Listen to the new words and repeat them after the speaker.

1

2

3

4

5

6

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7

1 2 3 4

8

8

Mortar gU©vi mortar Rifle ivB‡dj rifle Machine gun ‡gwkb Mvb machine gun Grenade ‡MÖ‡bW grenade

Mine gvBb mine Pistol wc¯Íj pistol Missile wgmvBj missile Weapons cacheA¯¿vMvi awstragar

5 6 7 8

7. In the following lists of items, three belong to the group, but the fourth does not logically belong. Cross it out. Check your answers with the answer key.

U¨vsK

‡MÖ‡bW

UªvK

nvgwf

tank

grenade

truck

humvee

ivB‡dj

gU©vi

‡nj‡gU

‡gwkb Mvb

rifle

mortar

helmet

machine gun

BDwbdg©

‰mwbK

†emvgwiK e¨w³

KgvÊvi

uniform

shoinik

beshamorik bekti

commander

‡iwWI

gvbwPÎ

gvBbwdì

A¯¿

radio

mancitro

minefield

‡nj‡gU

ivB‡dj

BDwbdg©

eyU

helmet

rifle

uniform

boot

Awdmvi

‰mwbK

BDwbU

KgvÊvi

officer

shoinik

unit

commander

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awstro

8. Read the following statements. Translate each into English. Check your work with the answer key. 1. ‰mwbKiv †Mvjv evi“` †_‡K wb‡R‡`i i¶v Kivi Rb¨ †nj‡gU c‡i| shoinikra gola barud theke nijeder rokkha kawrar jonno helmet pawre. 2. ‰mwbKiv we‡ùviK Avi Kvgvb †_‡K wb‡R‡`i i¶v Kivi Rb¨ †nj‡gU c‡i| shoinikra bishphorok ar kaman theke nijeder rokkha kawrar jonno helmet pawre. 3. Avgiv me †emvgwiK e¨w³‡`i A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zj−vwk KiwQ| amra shawb beshamorik bektider awstrer jonno tawllashi korchi. 4. Avgiv kΓ c‡¶i me ‰mwbK‡`i A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zj−vwk KiwQ| amra shotru pawkkher shawb shoinikder awstrer jonno tawllashi korchi.

9. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and mark the statement that you hear. Check the answer key. 1. A. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives. B. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from ammunition. 2. A. We are searching all civilians for weapons. B. We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons.

10. Listen and repeat the new words after the speaker. Army base Minefield Patrol Be careful! Roadblock Base Curfew Checkpoint Barracks In charge of … Identification

shenabahinir base minefield patrol shabdhan rasta bawndho base curfew check point barrack .... charge-e shawnakto kawra

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†mbvevwnbxi †eBm gvBbwdì ‡cUªj mveavb iv¯Ív eÜ ‡eBm KviwdD ‡PKcq›U e¨vivK Pv‡R© mbv³ Kiv

11. Fill in the blanks with the correct word from the vocabulary list above. Check your work with the answer key. -

GUv wK GKUv †cUªj? eTa ki aekTa patrol?

- nu¨v| - hae.

-

GUvi ___________________ †K? eTar ___________________

†cUªj wjWvi| patrol leader.

-

GLv‡b wK ________________________? ekhane ki ________________________?

nu¨v, ivZ 8:00Uv †_‡K mKvj 6:00Uv| hae, rat 8:00Ta theke shawkal 6:00Ta. - ______________________!GLv‡b gvBb Av‡Q! - ______________________!ekhane mine ache!

- me ‰mwbK‡`i Avi Awdmvi‡`i Zv‡`i AvB wW ___________________ Avi ___________________ †Z †`Lv‡Z n‡e| - shawb shoinikder ar officerder tader ID ___________________ar ___________________te daekhate hawbe.

-

BDwbU KgvÊvi, Zv‡iK ingvb, Pv‡R©| unit commander, tareq rahman, charge-e.

12. Working with a partner, take turns reading and role-playing the dialogues from Exercise 11. 13. Working in a small group, come up with similar dialogues, and then role-play them.

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14. Study the list of U.S. Army ranks. Compare them with the Bangla equivalents. Enlisted Private Corporal Sergeant Sergeant Major

ZvwjKvfy³ wmcvB bv‡qK nvwej`vi my‡e`vi

talikabhukto shipaii nayek habildar subedar

Officer Lieutenant Captain Major Lt. Colonel Colonel General

Awdmvi wjD‡Ubv›U K¨v‡Þb †gRi wjD‡Ubv›U K‡b©j K‡b©j ‡Rbv‡ij

officer lieutenant captain major lt. colonel colonel general

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Work with a partner or in a small group. In Bangla, come up with a caption for each picture below. Check the answer key for some ideas.

1. …………………………………………………… . 2. …………………………………………………… . 3. …………………………………………………… .

2. a) Translate the following sentences into English. Check your work with the answer key. A. A¯¿vMviUv †Kv_vq? awstragarTa kothai? B. GB †c‡Uªv‡ji Pv‡R© †K? ei patroler charge-e ke? C. GB †PKcq›U cvi n‡j Avcbvi AvB wW †`Lv‡Z n‡e| ei checkpoint par hole apnar ID dekhte hawbe. D. me †emvgwiK e¨w³‡`i A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zj−vwk Ki‡Z n‡e| shawab beshamorik bektider awstrer jonno tawllashi korte hawbe. E. KviwdD 9:00Uvq Avi¤¢/ïi“ n‡e| GLb 9:45 ev‡R| Avcbvi evwo‡Z wd‡i hvb| curfew 9:00Tai arombho/shuru hawbe. aekhon 9:45 baje. apnar barite phire jan. F. ïaygvÎ/ïay ˆmwbKiv GB wgwjUvwi †eB‡m XyK‡Z cvi‡e| shudhumatro/shudhu shoinkra ei military base-e dhukte parbe. 304

b) Work with a partner or in a small group. Come up with a situation where you can use sentences C, D, E, and F as a reply. Create the first part of the conversation so that you have short dialogues. Role-play them.

3. a) Translate the following into Bangla. Compare your translation against the answer key. A. Please step out of the car. We must search the vehicle for weapons.

B. It is after curfew. You must come with me for questioning.

C. The weapons cache is on the other side of Checkpoint Delta.

D. Be careful. There is a minefield east of the railroad.

E. Every soldier needs to have a radio and a map.

F. You must know all the checkpoints and roadblocks in this area.

*“onugroho kore” is a formal way of saying “please,” which is almost never used in everyday conversation. As mentioned in previous lessons, “ektu” is usually used as “please.” + “gari” is used in a dialogue instead of “jan.”

b) Work with a partner or in a small group. Come up with a situation where you can use these sentences as a reply. Create the first part of the conversation so that you have short dialogues. Role-play them.

305

Vocabulary List Ammunition Army base Artillery Barracks Base Be careful! Boots Checkpoint Civilian Commander Curfew Enemy Explosive Grenade Gun Helmet In charge (of a patrol, base)

gola barud shenabihinir base kaman; golondaj bahini baerak base shabdhan! boot checkpoint beshamorik bekti commander curfew shotru bishphorok grenade bonduk helmet charge-e (patroler, base)

Machine gun Map Military Mine Minefield Missile Mortar Officer Protection Radio Rank Rifle Roadblock Rocket Rocket launcher Search Soldier Tank

machine gun mancitro military mine minefield kheponastro mortar officer rokkha kawrradio pawd rifle rasta bawndho rocket rocket launcher tawllashi kawrshoinik tank

‡Mvjv evi“` ‡mbvevwnbxi ‡eBm Kvgvb; ‡Mvj›`vR evwnbx e¨vivK ‡eBm mveavb! eyU ‡PKcq›U ‡emvgwiK e¨w³ KgvÊvi KviwdD kΓ we‡ùviK ‡MÖ‡bW e›`yK ‡nj‡gU Pv‡R© (†cUª‡ji, †eBm) ‡gwkb Mvb gvbwPÎ mvgwiK/wgwjUvix gvBb gvBbwdì ‡¶cYv¯¿ gU©vi Awdmvi i¶v Ki‡iwWI c` ivB‡dj iv¯Ív eÜ i‡KU i‡KU jÂvi Zj−vwk Ki‰mwbK U¨vsK

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Uniform Weapons Weapons cache Enlisted Private Corporal Sergeant Sergeant Major Officer Lieutenant Captain Major Lt. Colonel Colonel General

BDwbdg© A¯¿ A¯¿vMvi ZvwjKvfy³ wmcvB bv‡qK nvwej`vi my‡e`vi Awdmvi wjD‡Ubv›U K¨v‡Þb †gRi wjD‡Ubv›U K‡b©j K‡b©j ‡Rbv‡ij

uniform awstro awstragar talikabhukto shipaii nayek habildar subedar officer lieutenant captain major lt. colonel colonel general

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Answer Key 3.

1. 2. D. 3 He is a civilian. He does not have weapons. He has children.

3.

Dwb GKRb †emvgwiK e¨w³| Zvi A¯¿ bvB| Zvi †Q‡j‡g‡q Av‡Q| ini aekjon beshamorik bekti. tar awstro nai. tar chelemey ache. E. 2 He is a soldier. He has a weapon.

†m GKRb ‰mwbK| Zvi A¯¿ Av‡Q| she aekjon shoinik. tar awstro ache. F. 1 The soldier searches the civilian for weapons.

‰mwbKUv †emvgwiK e¨w³‡K A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zj−vwk Ki‡Q| shoiniktTa beshamorik bektike awstrer jonno tawlllashi korche. 7.

U¨vsK

‡MÖ‡bW

UªvK

nvgwf

tank

grenade

truck

humvee

ivB‡dj

gU©vi

‡nj‡gU

‡gwkb Mvb

rifle

mortar

helmet

machine gun

BDwbdg©

‰mwbK

†emvgwiK e¨w³

KgvÊvi

uniform

soldier

civilian

commander

‡iwWI

gvbwPÎ

gvBbwdì

A¯¿

radio

map

minefield

weapons

‡nj‡gU

ivB‡dj

BDwbdg©

eyU

helmet

rifle

uniform

boot

Awdmvi

‰mwbK

BDwbU

KgvÊvi

officer

soldier

unit

commander

308

8. 1. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from ammunition.

‰mwbKiv †Mvjv evi“` †_‡K wb‡R‡`i i¶v Kivi Rb¨ †nj‡gU c‡i| shoinikra gola barud theke nijeder rokkha kawrar jonno helmet pawre. 2. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives and artillery.

‰mwbKiv we‡ùviK Avi Kvgvb †_‡K wb‡R‡`i i¶v Kivi Rb¨ †nj‡gU c‡i| shoinikra bishphorok ar kaman theke nijeder rokkha kawrar jonno helmet pawre. 3. We are searching all civilians for weapons.

Avgiv me †emvgwiK e¨w³‡`i A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zj−vwk KiwQ| amra shawb beshamorik bektider awstrer jonno tawllashi korchi. 4. We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons.

Avgiv kΓ c‡¶i me ‰mwbK‡`i A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zj−vwk KiwQ| amra shotru pawkkher shawb shoinikder awstrer jonno tawllashi korchi. 9. 1. A. Soldiers wear helmets for protection from explosives.

‰mwbKiv we‡ùviK †_‡K wb‡R‡`i i¶v Kivi Rb¨ †nj‡gU c‡i| shoinikra bishphorok theke nijeder rokkha kawrar jonno helmet pawre. 2.

B. We are searching all enemy soldiers for weapons.

Avgiv kΓ c‡¶i me ‰mwbK‡`i A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zjvwk KiwQ| amra shotru pawkkher shawb shoinikder awstrer jonno tawllashi korchi.

11. B. - Is this a patrol? - GUv wK GKUv †cUªj? - eTa ki aekTa patrol? - Yes. - nu¨v| - hae.

-

Who is in charge?

GUvi Pv‡R© †K? eTar charge-e ke? The patrol leader.

†cUªj wjWvi| patrol leader.

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C. - Is there a curfew? - GLv‡b wK KviwdD? - ekhane ki curfew? -

Yes, from 8:00 P.M. to 6:00 A.M.

- nu¨v, ivZ 8:00Uv †_‡K mKvj 6:00Uv| - hae, rat 8:00Ta theke shawkal 6:00Ta. D. - Be careful! There are mines! - mveavb! GLv‡b gvBb Av‡Q! - shabdhan! ekhane mine ache! E. - All soldiers and officers must show their ID’s at the checkpoint and at the roadblock. - me ‰mwbK‡`i Avi Awdmvi‡`i Zv‡`i AvB wW ‡PKcq›U Avi iv¯Ív e܇Z †`Lv‡Z

n‡e| -

-

shawb shoinikder ar officerder tader ID ___________________ar __________________te daekhate hawbe.

The unit commander, Tareq Rahman, is in charge.

BDwbU KgvÊvi, Zv‡iK ingvb, Pv‡R©| unit commander, tareq rahman, charge-e.

End-of-Lesson Tasks 1.

1. GKRb ˆmwbK gvBb †`L‡Q| aekjon shoinik mine dekhche.

GKRb ˆmwbK gvBbwdì †`L‡Q| aekjon shoinik minefield dekhche.

310

2. GKRb ˆmwbK ‡iwWIi cv‡k e‡m Av‡Q| aekjon shoinik radior pashe boshe ache.

GKRb ˆmwbK ‡iwWI‡Z K_v ej‡Q/e‡j| aekjon shoinik radiote kawtha bolche/bawle. 3. `yBRb ˆmwbK U¨vs‡Ki Dci e‡m Av‡Q| duijon shoinik tanker upor boshe ache.

GKRb ˆmwbK U¨vsK Pvj−v‡”Q Avi GKRb e›`yK wVK Ki‡Q/K‡i| aekjon shoinik tank calacche ar aekjon bonduk Thik korche/kawre. 2. a) A. Where is the weapons cache?

A¯¿vMviUv †Kv_vq? awstragarTa kothai? B. Who is in charge of this patrol?

GB †c‡Uªv‡ji Pv‡R© †K? ei patroler charge-e ke? C. You must show your ID when you pass the checkpoint.

GB †PKcq›U cvi n‡j Avcbvi AvB wW †`Lv‡Z n‡e| ei checkpoint par hole apnar ID dekhte hawbe. D. All civilians must be searched for weapons.

me †emvgwiK e¨w³‡`i A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Zj−vwk Ki‡Z n‡e| shawab beshamorik bektider awstrer jonno tawllashi korte hawbe. E. Curfew starts at 9:00 p.m. It’s 9:45 now. Go back to your home.

KviwdD 9:00Uvq Avi¤¢/ïi“ n‡e| GLb 9:45 ev‡R| Avcbvi evwo‡Z wd‡i hvb| curfew 9:00Tai arombho/shuru hawbe. aekhon 9:45 baje. apnar barite phire jan. F. Only soldiers may enter the military base.

ïaygvÎ/ïay ˆmwbKiv GB wgwjUvwi †eB‡m XyK‡Z cvi‡e| shudhumatro/shudhu shoinkra ei military base-e dhukte parbe.

3. a) A. Please step out of the car. We must search the vehicle for weapons.

AbyMÖn K‡i* Mvwoi+ evB‡i `vovb| A‡¯¿i Rb¨ Avgv‡`i‡K MvwoUv Zj−vwk Ki‡Z n‡e| onugroho kore garir baire daran. awstrer jonno amaderke gariTa tawllashi korte hawbe.

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B. It is after curfew. You must come with me for questioning.

GLb KviwdDi c‡i| Avcbv‡K Avgvi mv‡_ wRÁvmvev‡`i Rb¨ Avm‡Z n‡e| aekhon curfewr pawre. apnake amar shathe jiggashabader jonno ashte hawbe. C. The weapons cache is on the other side of Checkpoint Delta.

A¯¿vMvi †PKcq›U †Wëvi Dëv w`‡K| awstragar checkpoint deltar ulTa dike. D. Be careful. There is a minefield east of the railroad.

mveavb| †ijc‡_i c~&ew`‡K GKUv gvBb wdì Av‡Q| shabdhan. railpawther pubdike aekTa mine field ache. E. Every soldier needs to have a radio and a map.

cÖ‡Z¨KUv ‰mwb‡Ki GKUv †iwWI Avi GKUv gvbwPÎ _vKv `iKvi| prottekTa shoiniker aekTa radio ar aekTa mancitro thaka dawrkar. F. You must know all the checkpoints and roadblocks in this area.

Avcbv‡K GB GjvKvi me¸wj †PKcq›U Avi ‡Kvb iv¯Ív eÜ Zv Rvb‡Z n‡e| apnake ei elakar shawbguli checkpoint ar kon rasta bawndho ta jante hawbe.

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Lesson 20 In the Hospital

VALIDATION COPY 1.0 JUNE 2007

nvmcvZv‡j

hashpatale This lesson will introduce you to: - The vocabulary related to the medical emergency and life-saving measures - The terminology related to internal organs - The ways to ask questions about the vital signs.

While there is a public healthcare system in every part of Bangladesh, it is woefully short of the demand for health services in the country. There are highly qualified physicians, specialists, nurses, etc., but their numbers are few relative to the large population. Public healthcare is free or inexpensive, but access is difficult as it is overburdened, and hygienic conditions are poor. There is virtually no health insurance, but healthcare costs are not very expensive. In the cities, those who can afford it seek private healthcare, and there are many health clinics and hospitals. These facilities range from very basic to those that routinely perform open-heart surgeries. Emergency Rooms are available in private and public facilities, and the above conditions apply to them as well. As will be evident in the lesson, most of the medical terminology in Bangla is the same as English. Even if there is a Bangla term, the corresponding English is usually understood. However, some words are given below in case of a medical emergency. Save me! euvPvI! bacao Can’t breathe wbtk¦vm wb‡Z cviwQ bv nishshash nite parchi na I’m dying Avwg g‡i hvw”Q! ami more jacchi! Pain! e¨_v! baetha! In Lesson 17, you already learned the names of human body parts, how to ask questions about a person’s state of health, and how to describe health conditions and symptoms of sickness. You also know how to handle a visit to the doctor’s office. In this lesson, you will familiarize yourself with the vocabulary used for life- threatening health conditions, such as heart attacks, gunshot wounds, severe bleeding, and head injuries.

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1. Go over the text with the pictures. Try to understand the meaning of unknown words from the context. Check the answer key if you need help.

1

2

‡jvKUv nv‡Z AvNvZ †c‡q‡Q|

GB gwnjvUvi nv‡Z GKUv ¶Z Av‡Q|

lokTa hate aghat peyeche.

ei mohilaTar hate aekTa khawto ache.

3

4

‡jvKUv cv‡q AvNvZ †c‡q‡Q|

GB ‡jvKUvi Mjvq GKUv ¶Z Av‡Q|

lokTa hate aghat peyeche.

ei lokTar gawlai aekTa khawto ache.

There is no difference between “injury” and “wound” in Bangla. Both are expressed as “khawto”/ “aghat”. The adjective of “khawto” is “ahoto,” which is used for animate beings only; e.g., S/he is injured/wounded = o/she/uni ahoto. 2. Look at the pictures in Exercise 1 and match the number of the picture with the correct definition. Check the answer key. A. cv‡q AvNvZ paye aghat

_____. _____.

B. Mjvq AvNvZ gawlai aghat

_____. _____.

C. nv‡Z AvNvZ hate aghat

_____. _____.

D. gv_vq AvNvZ mathai aghat

_____. _____.

3. Tell your classmates in Bangla if you’ve ever had an injury and/or wounds.

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4. Listen to and read the dialogue between the doctor and the nurse in the emergency room of a military hospital. Note the use of new vocabulary. Doctor: How does Sergeant Rahman feel?

Wv³vi: mv‡R©›U ingv‡bi †Kgb jvM‡Q? Daktar: sergeant rahmaner kaemon lagche? Nurse: He feels bad, Doctor Karim.

bvm©:

Ibvi Lvivc jvM‡Q, Wv³vi Kwig|

nurse: onar kharap lagche, Daktar karim. Doctor: What is the matter with him?

Wv³vi: Ibvi Kx n‡q‡Q? Daktar: onar ki hoyeche? Nurse: His leg hurts.

bvm©:

Ibvi cv‡q e¨_v|

nurse:

onar paye baetha.

Doctor: Is it injured?

Wv³vi: cv‡q wK AvNvZ †c‡q‡Qb? Daktar:

paye ki aghat peyechen?

Nurse: Yes. He has a gunshot wound. He is bleeding.

bvm©:

wR| Ibvi ¸wj †j‡M‡Q| i³ co‡Q|

nurse: jee. onar guli legeche. rawkto porche. Doctor: Does he have fever?

Wv³vi: Ibvi wK R¡i Av‡Q? Daktar: onar ki jawr ache? Nurse: Yes, he does.

bvm©:

wR, Av‡Q |

nurse: jee, ache. Doctor: Does he take any medications?

Wv³vi: Dwb wK †Kvb IlyacÎ Lvb? Daktar: uni ki kono oshudhpawtro khan? Nurse: Yes, antibiotics and painkillers.

bvm©:

wR, G¨w›Uev‡qvwUK Avi e¨_vi Ilya|

nurse: jee, antibiotic ar baethar oshudh. 5. Work with a partner. Role-play the dialogue from Exercise 2.

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6. Match each of the pictures with the corresponding statement. Try to guess the meanings of unknown words from the context. Check your answers with the answer key.

A

B

C

1. GB ˆmwbKUv cv‡q AvNvZ ‡c‡q‡Q| oi shoinikTa paye aghat peyeche. 2. GB ‡jvKUv Zvi Uzwc c‡o bvB/wb| AvR‡Ki w`bUv Lye Mig wQj| GLb Zvi wnU †÷ªvK n‡q ‡M‡Q| ei lokTa tar Tupi pawre nai/ni. ajker dinTa khub gawrom chilo. aekhon tar heat stroke hoye gaeche. 3. GB ‡jvKUvi nv‡Zi ¶‡Z †Wªwms jvMvb n‡q‡Q| ei lokTar hater khawte dressing lagano hoyeche.

Heat stroke/ wnU †÷ªvK/ heat stroke dressing/†Wªwms/ dressing

7. Listen to the speaker and read along in your textbook. Use the answer key to check the meanings of unknown words.

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G¸‡jv e¨v‡ÛR Avi e¨vÛ GBW| †K‡U †M‡j ev †Kvb ¶Z n‡j G¸wj `iKvi| G¸wj exRvbygy³ n‡Z n‡e|/or/ G¸wj †÷‡ijvBR Ki‡Z n‡e| egulo bandage ar band-aid. keTe gaele ba kono khawto hole eguli dawrkar. eguli bijanumukto hote hawbe./or/ eguli sterilize korte hawbe.

8. In order to make someone look like the man in the picture below, what will you need? Check your answer with the answer key.

9. Familiarize yourself with some new medical terminology. Listen as the speaker recites the names of internal organs. Repeat after the speaker.

1

1. heart 2. brain 3. lung 4. kidney 5. liver

2

3

4

5

ürwcÊ gw¯Í®‹ dzmdzm e„° hK…r

ritpindo mostishko phushphush brikko jokrit

The doctors and hospital staff know the English terminology of most medical terms.

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10. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate name of the organ in Bangla. Check the answer key.

ürwcÊ, hK…r, dzmdzm, e„°, gw¯Í®‹ ritpindo, jokrit, phushphush, brikko, mostishko

A. The human ____________ is in charge of all body system functions. B. The _________ is a very important organ because it helps our body to get rid of fat. C. Exercising is very important for my ____________. D. Smoking can cause ____________cancer. E. Drinking a lot of water is necessary for the ___________ .

11. Listen to and read the dialogue between the doctor and a patient in a military hospital emergency room. In the Military Hospital Emergency Room

wgwjUvix nvmcvZv‡j Ri“ix wefvM military hashpatale joruri bibhag

Doctor: Hello, Major Khaled.

Wv³vi: Kx Lei, †gRi Lv‡j`| Daktar: ki khawbor, major khaled. Major: Greetings, Doctor Dev.

‡gRi: bg¯‹vi, Wv³vi †`e| Major: nawmoshkar, Daktar deb. Doctor: What happened to you?

Wv³vi: Avcbvi Kx n‡qwQj? Daktar: apnar ki hoyechilo? Major: I don’t know. I didn’t feel well… I had chest pain, headache, and dizziness. ‡gRi: Rvwb bv| Avgvi kixi Lvivc wQj… ey‡K e¨_v, gv_vq e¨_v wQj, Avi gv_v NyiwQj#| major: jani na. amar shorir kharap chilo… buke baetha, mathai baetha chilo, ar matha ghurchilo.

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Doctor: For how long did you have your symptoms?

Wv³vi: Avcbvi KZw`b a‡i GB DcmM©¸wj* wQj? Daktar: apnar kawtodin dhore ei uposhargoguli chilo. Major: For about 2 days.

‡gRi: `yB w`b a‡i| major: dui din dhore. Doctor: Did you take any medications?

Wv³vi: Avcwb wK †Kvb IlyacÎ †L‡qwQ‡jb+? Daktar: apni ki kono oshudhpawtro kheyechilen? Major: Yes, I took painkillers.

‡gRi: wR, Avwg e¨_vi Ilya †L‡qwQjvg| major: jee, ami baethar oshudh kheyechilam. Doctor: For how long?

Wv³vi: KZw`b a‡i? Daktar: kawtodin dhore? Major: For about 2 days… What happened to me, doctor? ‡gRi: `yB w`b a‡i… Avgvi Kx n‡qwQj, Wv³vi mv‡ne? major: dui din dhore…amar ki hoyechilo, Daktar shaheb? Doctor: Well, when you got in the ER, you couldn’t breathe. We had to do CPR. You had abnormal blood pressure. It was 230 over 180. You had a heart attack. What symptoms do you have now?

Wv³vi: Zv, Avcwb hLb Ri“ix wefv‡M XyK‡jb, Avcwb wbtk¦vm wb‡Z cviwQ‡jb bv| Avgv‡`i wm.wc.Avi. Ki‡Z n‡qwQj| Avcbvi i³Pvc A¯^vfvweK wQj| †mUv wQj 230 Avi 180| Avcbvi nvU© G¨vUvK n‡qwQj| Avcbvi GLb Kx Kx DcmM© Av‡Q? Daktar: ta, apni jawkhon joruri bibhage dhuklen, apni nishshash nite parchilen na. amader CPR korte hoyechilo. apnar rawktocap awshabhabik chilo. sheTa chilo 230 ar 180. apnar heart attack hoyechilo. apnar aekhon ki ki uposhawrgo ache? Major: I feel weakness.

‡gRi: Avgvi `ye©j jv‡M| major: amar durbawl lage. Doctor: Are you allergic to any medications?

Wv³vi: Avcbvi wK †Kvb Ilyac‡Î G¨vjvwR© nq? Daktar: apnar ki kono oshudhpawtre allergy hawy?

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Major: Yes, I’m allergic to penicillin.

‡gRi: wR, Avgvi †cwbwmwj‡b G¨vjvwR© nq| major: jee, amar penicilline allergy hawy. Doctor: Do you have any kidney, liver, lung, or brain diseases? Diabetes? Cancer?

Wv³vi: Avcbvi wK e„°, hK…r, dzmdzm, ev gw¯Í‡®‹i †Kvb †ivM Av‡Q? Wvqv‡ewUm? K¨vb&mvi? Daktar: apnar ki brikko, jokrit, phushphush, ba mostishker kono rog ache? diabetes? cancer? Major: No, I don’t.

‡gRi: bv, bvB| major: na, nai. Doctor: Do you smoke?

Wv³vi: Avcwb wK wmMv‡iU Lvb? Daktar: apni ki cigarette khan? Major: No, I don’t.

‡gRi: bv, LvB bv| major: na, khai na. Doctor: Do any members of your family have heart diseases or had a heart attack?

Wv³vi: Avcbvi cwiev‡i KviI wK ü`‡ivM Av‡Q ev nvU© G¨UvK n‡qwQj? Daktar: apnar poribare karo ki ridrog ache ba heart attack hoyechilo? Major: Yes, my father died three years ago from heart disease.

‡gRi: wR, Avgvi AveŸv ü`‡iv‡M wZb eQi Av‡M gviv hvb| major: jee, amar abba ridroge tin bawchor age mara jan. Doctor: Well, I think you must stay in the hospital and rest for a few days.

Wv³vi: Zvn‡j Avgvi g‡b nq Avcbv‡K nvmcvZv‡j wKQy w`b †_‡K+ wekªvg Ki‡Z n‡e | Daktar: tahole amar mone hawy apnake hashpatale kichu din theke bisram korte hawbe. Major: But I need to get back to my unit!

‡gRi: wKš‘ Avgv‡K+ Avgvi BDwb‡U wdi‡Z n‡e| major: kintu amake amar unite phirte hawbe. Doctor: No, you have to stay in the hospital, rest, and take aspirin.

Wv³vi: bv, Avcbv‡K nvmcvZv‡j †_‡K wekªvg Ki‡Z n‡e Avi G¨vmwcÖb †L‡Z n‡e| Daktar: na, apnake hashpatale theke bisram korte hawbe ar aspirin khete hawbe.

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*In Bangla there is a fine difference in the meanings between “lokkhon” and “uposhawrgo,” both used for “symptoms.” “lokkhon” is used when the symptoms are less visible. Thus, “a rapid pulse” is likely to be a “lokkhon,” but “a headache” is usually “uposhawrgo.” In chapter 7, only “lokkhon” was used to simplify the exercises. #ghurchilo = was turning, meaning “dizzy” here, is the past continous of “ghor-” = turn. The past continuous is formed as: high stem of the verb (except “a” stem verbs) + chi + l (sign of past ) + personal ending. Example: ghur- + chi + l + -o. +kheyechilen = had eaten, is the past perfect of “kha-.” The past perfect is formed as: past active participle (PAP)+ chi + l (sign of past ) + personal ending. Example: kheye + chi + l + -en. +theke = staying, having stayed, is a PAP. It is used to express sequences of thought, and avoids the use of “and,” connecting a series of clauses, as in the exercise: “you must stay in the hospital and rest for a few days.” The PAP is formed as: high stem of the verb + -e. Example: thak- > thek- + e = theke; kha-> khe- + e. Please note that “theke” means “from” as well. Ideally, to express “have to,” the subject should be in the objective, “amake.” Since the genitive “amar” can also be used, it was used with “have to” in the previous lessons. In this example, since there are two genitive first persons “amar,” the objective subject “amake” should be used.

12. Listen to and read the dialogue between Doctor Dev and his colleague, Doctor Rashid. Answer the follow-up questions. Check your answers with the answer key. Wv³vi iwk`: ‡gRi Lv‡j‡`i Kx n‡q‡Q? Daktar roshid: major khaleder ki hoyeche? Wv³vi ‡`e: Ibvi nvU© G¨vUvK n‡q‡Q| Daktar deb: onar heart attack hoyeche. Wv³vi iwk`: Ibvi DcmM©¸wj GLb Kx? Daktar roshid: onar uposhawrgoguli aekhon ki? Wv³vi ‡`e:: Ibvi ey‡K e¨_v, gv_v e¨_v ev gv_v †Nviv bvB| Ibvi `ye©j jv‡M| Daktar deb: onar buke baetha, matha baetha, ba matha ghora nai. onar durbawl lage.

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Wv³vi iwk`: i³Pvc? Daktar roshid: rawktocap? Wv³vi ‡`e: GLb ¯^vfvweK: 140 Avi 80| Daktar deb: aekhon shabhabik: 140 ar 80. Wv³vi iwk`: Ibvi wK †Kvb Ilyac‡Î G¨vjvwR© nq? Daktar roshid: onar ki kono oshudhpawtre allergy hawy? Wv³vi ‡`e: nu¨v, Ibvi †cwbwmwj‡b G¨vjvwR© nq | Dwb GLb G¨vm&wcÖb Lv‡”Qb| Daktar deb: hae, onar penicilline allergy hawy. uni aekhon aspirin khacchen. Wv³vi iwk`: Ibvi wK Wvqv‡ewUm ev K¨vbmvi Av‡Q? Dwb wK wmMv‡iU Lvb? Daktar roshid: onar ki diabetes ba cancer ache? uni ki cigarette khan? Wv³vi ‡`e: bv, Lvb bv| Daktar deb: na, khan na. Wv³vi iwk`: cwiev‡i ü`‡ivM Av‡Q ev nvU© G¨vUvK n‡qwQj? Daktar roshid: poribare ridrog ache ba heart attack hoyechilo? Wv³vi ‡`e: nu¨v, Ibvi evev wZb eQi Av‡M ü`‡iv‡M gviv †M‡Qb| Daktar deb: hae, onar baba tin bawchor age ridroge mara gaechen. Wv³vi iwk`: Zvn‡j, Avgvi g‡b nq, Ibv‡K K‡qK w`b nvmcvZv‡j _vK‡Z n‡e| Daktar roshid: tahole, amar mone hawy, onake kawyek din hashpatale thakte hawbe. Questions: 1). What happened to Major Khaled? 2). What symptoms did Major Khaled have and for how long? 3). How does he feel now? What is his blood pressure? Is that normal or abnormal? 4). Is he allergic to any medications? Does he take any medications now? 5). Does he have liver, kidney, brain, or lung diseases? Diabetes or cancer? 6). Does he smoke? 7). Do his family members have heart diseases? 8). Did any family members die from heart diseases? 9). Will Major Khaled stay in the hospital?

13. Work with a partner. Pretend to be Doctor Rashid and Doctor Dev from Exercise 12. Discuss Major Khaled’s health conditions. Role-play the dialogue from Exercise 12.

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14. Match the questions and answers. When you have finished, check the answer key. A.

1.

Avcbvi ‡Kgb jv‡M?

nu¨v, Avgvi nv‡Z GKUv ¸wj †j‡M‡Q|

apnar kaemon lage?

hae, amar hate aekTa guli legeche.

B.

2.

Avcbvi Kx n‡q‡Q?

Avgvi `ye©j jv‡M Avi gv_v Ny‡i|

apnar ki hoyeche?

amar durbawl lage ar matha ghure.

C.

3.

Avcbvi wVK Kx Amyweav jv‡M?

Avgvi ¶Z †_‡K i³ co‡Q|

apnar thik ki awshubidha lage?

amar khawto theke rawkto porche.

D.

4.

Avcbvi wK e¨_v K‡i?

Avgvi †cU e¨_v K‡i|

apnar ki baetha kawre?

amar peT baetha kawre.

E.

5.

Avcbvi †Kv_vq e¨_v K‡i?

nu¨v, Avgvi ey‡K e¨_v| Avwg wbtk¦vm wb‡Z cvwi bv|

apnar kothai baetha kawre?

hae, amar buke baetha. ami nishshash nite pari na. F.

6.

Avcwb wK AvnZ?

nu¨v, e¨_vi Ilya|

apni ki ahoto? G.

hae, baethar oshudh. 7.

Avcwb wK †Kvb IlyacÎ Lvb? apni ki kono oshudhpawtro khan? *Thik = exactly

Avgvi Lye Lvivc jv‡M| amar khub kharap lage.

15. What do you hear? Listen to the speaker and mark the statement that you hear. Check your answers with the answer key. 1. A. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my arm. B. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my leg. C. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my neck. 2. A. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I have a chest pain. B. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I feel dizziness. C. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I can’t breathe. 3. A. Is there a doctor here? This man just had a heart attack. B. Are you a doctor? This man just had a heart attack. C. I am a doctor. This man just had a heart attack.

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End-of-Lesson Tasks

1. Please answer the following questions in Bangla: A. B. C. D. E.

What is your normal pulse? What is your normal blood pressure? Are you allergic to any medications? Have you ever had a head injury? Have you ever has a heat stroke?

2. Work with a partner or in a small group. Look at the picture and tell in Bangla what you think happened to the patient. You might want to mention the following things: Is the patient a man or a woman? What is his/her age? Is he/she a soldier? Is he/she wounded? Is he/she injured? Is he/she in pain? Does he/she have bleeding? Does he/she have a fever? Will he/she need to stay in the hospital? Does he/she have high blood pressure? Does he/she have chest pain? Is he/she having a heart attack? Can he/she breathe? Will he/she need CPR? Is he/she allergic to any medications? Does he/she take any medications?

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Vocabulary List Abnormal Aspirin Bandage Band-aid Bleeding

I am allergic to…/ Are you allergic to…

awshabhabik aspirin bandage band-aid rawktokhawron/rawkto porche mostishko nishshash cancer CPR kaTa diabetes/bohumutro rog dressing joruri bibhag guli legeche mathai aghat ritpindo heart attack ridrog heat stroke ucu rawkto cap/high blood pressure amar….e allergy apnar ki….e allergy

Injured Injury Kidney Liver Lungs Organs Painkillers Penicillin Pulse Sterile die stay Wound/ Wounded

ahoto aghat brikko jokrit phushphush awntro baethar oshudh penicillin pulse bijanumukto/sterile mara ja- /more jathakkhawto/ ahoto

Brain Breathing Cancer CPR Cut Diabetes Dressing ER Gunshot wound Head injury Heart Heart attack Heart disease Heat stroke High blood pressure

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A¯^vfvweK G¨vmwcÖb e¨v‡ÛR e¨vÛ-GBW i³¶iY/ i³ co‡Q gw¯Í®‹ wbtk¦vm K¨vb&mvi wm wc Avi KvUv Wvqv‡ewUm/eûg~Î †ivM ‡Wªwms Ri“ix wefvM ¸wj ‡j‡M‡Q gv_vq AvNvZ ürwcÊ nvU© G¨vUvK ü`‡ivM wnU †÷ªvK DuPz i³ Pvc/nvB e−vW †cÖmvi Avgvi… G G¨jvwR© Avcbvi wK … G G¨jvwR© AvnZ AvNvZ e„° hK…r dzmdzm Aš¿ e¨_vi Ilya ‡cwbwmwjb cvj&m exRvbygy³/†÷ivBj gviv hv_vK¶Z/ AvnZ

Answer Key 1.

1

2

This man has an injured arm.

This woman has a wound on her arm.

‡jvKUv nv‡Z AvNvZ †c‡q‡Q|

GB gwnjvUvi nv‡Z GKUv ¶Z Av‡Q|

lokTa hate aghat peyeche.

ei mohilaTar hate aekTa khawto ache.

3

4 This man has a wounded leg.

This man has a neck injury.

‡jvKUv cv‡q AvNvZ †c‡q‡Q|

GB ‡jvKUvi Mjvq GKUv ¶Z Av‡Q|

lokTa hate aghat peyeche.

ei lokTar gawlai aekTa khawto ache.

2. A. cv‡q AvNvZ paye aghat Wounded leg B. Mjvq AvNvZ gawlai aghat Injured neck

__3___. _ 3____. __ 4___. ___4__.

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C. nv‡Z AvNvZ hate aghat Wounded arm D. gv_vq AvNvZ mathai aghat Injured arm

1&2. 1&2 __1___. __1___ .

6.

A

B

C

1. A This soldier has an injured leg.

GB ˆmwbK cv‡q AvNvZ ‡c‡q‡Q| oi shoinik paye aghat peyeche. 2. B This man didn’t wear his hat. It was very hot today. Now he has a heat stroke.

GB ‡jvKUv Zvi Uzwc c‡o bvB/wb| AvR‡Ki w`bUv Lye Mig wQj| GLb Ii wnU †÷ªvK n‡q ‡M‡Q| 3. C This man has a dressing on his wounded arm.

GB ‡jvKUvi nv‡Zi ¶‡Z †Wªwms jvMvb Av‡Q| ei lokTar hater khawte dressing lagano ache.

7. These are bandages and band-aids. You need them to make a dressing for a cut or wound. They have to be sterile.

G¸wj e¨v‡ÛR Avi e¨vÛ GBW| †K‡U †M‡j ev †Kvb ¶Z n‡j G¸wj `iKvi| G¸‡jv exRvbygy³ n‡Z n‡e|/or/ G¸wj †÷‡ijvBR Ki‡Z n‡e| eguli bandage ar band-aid. keTe gaele ba kono khawto hole eguli dawrkar. eguli bijanumukto hote hawbe./or/ eguli sterilize korte hawbe.

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8.

A‡bK e¨v‡ÛR Avi e¨vÛ GBW jvM‡e|/or/ A‡bK e¨v‡ÛR Avi e¨vÛ GBW `iKvi| awnek bandage and band-aid lagbe. /or/ awnek bandage and band-aid dawrkar. 10. E. The human _ gw¯Í®‹__ mostishko _ is in charge of all body system functions. F. The _ hK…r __ jokrit _ is a very important organ because it helps our body to get rid of fat. G. Exercising is very important for my __ ürwcÊ __ ritpindo _. H. Smoking can cause _ dzmdzm __ phushphush _cancer. E. Drinking a lot of water is necessary for the _ e„°___ brikko _ . 12. Doctor Rashid: What a matter with Major Khaled? Wv³vi iwk`: ‡gRi Lv‡j‡`i Kx n‡q‡Q? Daktar roshid: major khaleder ki hoyeche? Doctor Dev: He had a heart attack. Wv³vi ‡`e: Ibvi nvU© G¨vUvK n‡q‡Q| Daktar deb: onar heart attack hoyeche. Doctor Rashid: What symptoms does he have now? Wv³vi iwk`: Ibvi DcmM©¸wj GLb Kx Kx? Daktar roshid: onar uposhawrgoguli aekhon ki? Doctor Dev: He doesn’t have chest pain, headache, or dizziness. He feels weakness. Wv³vi ‡`e:: Ibvi ey‡K e¨_v, gv_v e¨_v ev gv_v †Nviv bvB| Ibvi `ye©j jv‡M| Daktar deb: onar buke baetha, matha baetha, ba matha ghora nai. onar durbawl lage Doctor Rashid: Blood pressure? Wv³vi iwk`: i³Pvc? Daktar roshid: rawktocap?

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Doctor Dev: It’s normal now: 140 over 80. Wv³vi ‡`e: GLb ¯^vfvweK: 140 Avi 80| Daktar deb: aekhon shabhabik: 140 ar 80. Doctor Rashid: Is he allergic to any medications? Wv³vi iwk`: Ibvi wK †Kvb Ilyac‡Î G¨vjvwR© nq? Daktar roshid: onar ki kono oshudhpawtre allergy hawy?

Doctor Dev: Yes, he is allergic to penicillin. He is taking aspirin now. Wv³vi ‡`e: nu¨v, Ibvi †cwbwmwj‡b G¨vjvwR© nq | Dwb GLb G¨vm&wcÖb Lv‡”Qb| Daktar deb: hae, onar penicilline allergy hawy. uni aekhon aspirin khacchen. Doctor Rashid: Does he have diabetes or cancer? Does he smoke? Wv³vi iwk`: Ibvi wK Wvqv‡ewUm ev K¨vbmvi Av‡Q? Dwb wK wmMv‡iU Lvb? Daktar roshid: onar ki diabetes ba cancer ache? uni ki cigarette khan? Doctor Dev: No, he doesn’t.

Wv³vi ‡`e: bv, Lvb bv| Daktar deb: na, khan na. Doctor Rashid: Heart diseases or heart attack in his family?

Wv³vi iwk`: cwiev‡i ü`‡ivM Av‡Q ev nvU© G¨vUvK n‡q‡Q? Daktar roshid: poribare ridrog ache ba heart attack hoyeche? Doctor Dev: Yes, his father died three years ago from heart disease. Wv³vi ‡`e: nu¨v, Ibvi evev wZb eQi Av‡M ü`‡iv‡M gviv †M‡Qb| Daktar deb: hae, onar baba tin bawchor age ridroge mara gaechen. Doctor Rashid: Well, I think he has to stay in the hospital for a few days. Wv³vi iwk`: Zvn‡j, Avgvi g‡b nq, Ibv‡K K‡qK w`b nvmcvZv‡j _vK‡Z n‡e| Daktar roshid: tahole, amar mone hawy, onake kawyek din hashpatale thakte hawbe.

Questions: 1). What happened to Major Khaled?

Ibvi nvU© G¨vUvK n‡qwQj| onar heart attack hoyechilo. 2). What symptoms did Major Khaled have and for how long?

Ibvi ey‡K e¨_v, gv_v e¨_v ev gv_v †Nviv wQj| `yB w`b a‡i| onar buke baetha, matha baetha, ba matha ghora nai. dui din dhore.

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3). How does he feel now? What is his blood pressure? Is that normal or abnormal?

Ibvi GLb `ye©j jv‡M| i³Pvc 140 Avi 80| ¯^vfvweK | onar durbawl lage. rawktocap 140 ar 80. shabhabik. 4). Is he allergic to any medications? Does he take any medications now?

nu¨v, Ibvi †cwbwmwj‡b G¨vjvwR© nq | Dwb GLb G¨vm&wcÖb Lv‡”Qb| hae, onar penicilline allergy hawy. uni aekhon aspirin khacchen. 5). Does he have liver, kidney, brain, or lung diseases? Diabetes or cancer?

bv, bvB| na, nai. 6). Does he smoke?

bv, Lvb bv| na, khan na. 7). Do his family members have heart diseases?

nu¨v, Av‡Q| hae, ache. 8). Did any family members die from heart diseases?

nu¨v, Ibvi evev wZb eQi Av‡M ü`‡iv‡M gviv †M‡Qb| hae, onar baba tin bawchor age ridroge mara gaechen. 9). Will Major Khaled stay in the hospital?

Ibv‡K K‡qK w`b nvmcvZv‡j _vK‡Z n‡e| onake kawyek din hashpatale thakte hawbe. 14. A. How do you feel?

7. I feel really bad.

Avcbvi ‡Kgb jv‡M?

Avgvi Lye Lvivc jv‡M|

apnar kaemon lage?

amar khub kharap lage.

B. What is the matter with you?

3. My wound is bleeding

Avcbvi Kx n‡q‡Q?

Avgvi ¶Z †_‡K i³ co‡Q|

apnar ki hoyeche?

amar khawto theke rawkto porche.

C. What do you feel?

2. I feel weakness and dizziness.

Avcbvi wVK Kx Amyweav jv‡M?

Avgvi `ye©j jv‡M Avi gv_v Ny‡i|

apnar thik ki awshubidha lage?

amar durbawl lage ar matha ghure.

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D. Are you in pain?

5. Yes, I have a chest pain. I can’t breathe.

Avcbvi wK e¨_v K‡i?

nu¨v, Avgvi ey‡K e¨_v| Avwg wbtk¦vm wb‡Z cvwi bv|

apnar ki baetha kawre?

hae, amar buke baetha. ami nishshash nite pari na. E. Where does it hurt?

4. My stomach hurts.

Avcbvi †Kv_vq e¨_v K‡i?

Avgvi †cU e¨_v K‡i|

apnar kothai baetha kawre?

amar peT baetha kawre.

F. Are you injured?

1. Yes, I have a gunshot injury in my arm.

Avcwb wK AvnZ?

nu¨v, Avgvi nv‡Z GKUv ¸wj †j‡M‡Q|

apni ki ahoto?

hae, amar hate aekTa guli legeche.

G. Are you taking any medication?

6. Yes, painkillers.

Avcwb wK †Kvb IlyacÎ Lvb?

nu¨v, e¨_vi Ilya|

apni ki kono oshudhpawtro khan?

hae, baethar oshudh.

15. 1. A. What are your symptoms? I have a fever and a pain in my arm.

Avcbvi Kx Kx j¶Y Av‡Q? Avgvi R¡i Avi nv‡Z e¨_v Av‡Q| apnar ki ki lokkhon ache? amar jawr ar hate baetha ache. 2. B. How do you feel? I don’t feel well. I feel dizziness.

Avcbvi ‡Kgb jv‡M? Avgvi kixi fvj bv| Avgvi gv_v Ny‡i| apnar kaemon lage? amar shorir bhalo na. amar matha ghure. 3. C. I am a doctor. This man just had a heart attack.

Avwg Wv³vi| GB †jvKUvi GB gvÎ nvU© G¨vUvK n‡q‡Q| ami Daktar? ei lokTar ei matro heart attack hoyeche.

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