BRIGHTNING LIVES POWERING PROGRESS
STUDY ON TRANSFORMERS A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL TRAINING OF MECHANICAL AND AUTOMATION ENGINEERING BY SOURABH SINHA UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF MR. SANJAY KUMAR (SENIOR PRODUCTION ENGINEER IN TRM DEPTT.) BHARAT HEAVY ELECTRICALS LIMITED,BHOPAL,INDIA.
Submi!" #$% M'.M!*"' M'.M!*"' +!'m A.S.E , AUUP
Gui"!" b&
%$Submi!" b&
%$M'.S*& M'.S*& Kum'
S#u'bSi*
(S'. P'#"u-i#* E*.)
E*'#//m!* N#.% A01234200305
TRM Di+i6i#*.
Study Report On:
Trn!"or#er!
DECLARATION
I S#u'b Si* de$%re t&t t&'! pro(e$t report ent't%ed report on or')'n% p'e$e o" *or+ nd nd !u,# !u,#'t 'tte ted d ,y #e to *ord *ord!! prt prt' '%% "u%" "u%"'% '%%# %#en entt o" #y B.Te$& Te$& -ME.HANI.A -ME.HANI.AL L ENGNEER'NG/ )rdute pro)r# -'ndu!tr'% tr'n'n)/0 under t&e )u'dn$e o" BHOPAL1 M'. S*& Kum' -Sr1Podu$t'on En)1/ TRM d'2'!'on BHEL0 BHOPAL1
DATE 3 456786 974
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; SOURABH SINHA E*'#//m!* N#.% A01234200305 A01234200305 B.TECH (MECHANICAL ENGG ) AMITY UNIVERSITY, NOIDA(U.P.) .
A$+no*%ed)e#ent
"There are times when silence speaks so much more loudly than words of praise to only as good as belittle a person, whose words do not express, express, but only put a veneer over true feelings, which are of gratitude gratitude at this point of time." I *ou%d %'+e to e
;;;;;;;;;;;; Submi!" b&$% S#u'b Si* (A01234200305) B.TECH (MECHANICAL ENGG.) AMITY UNIVERSITY, NOIDA(U.P.)
ABSTRACT
BHEL #nu"$ture! t&e &e2y #$&'ner'e! nd 't #+e! t&e produ$t $$ord'n) to t&e $u!to#er! re=u're#ent nd t&e re=u're#ent! re %'+e *et&er 't $n *or+ 'n &u#'d0 &')& te#perture0 %o* te#perture nd !o#e o" t&e re=u're#ent! re %'+e 't $ou%d *or+ 'n nu$%er p%nt! nd #ny #ore $ond't'on!1 T&e de2e%op#ent o" t&e Ind'n &e2y e%e$tr'$% #$&'nery 'ndu!try '! d're$t%y %'n+ed to t&e Per"or#n$e o" t&e Po*er !e$tor 'n Ind'1 W't& Ind'>! de2e%op#ent0 t&e need "or #ore nd Better Po*er !upp%y &! & ! ,e$o#e e!!ent'% "or 'ndu!tr'e! to )ro*1 T&u! *'t& 'n$re!'n) "o$u! on $p$'ty e
TABLE OF CONTENTS SR. NO.
CHAPTER 0 TRM
SECTION
741
INTRODU.TION
791
.ORE PUN.H
7?1
INSULATION
71
WINDING
7@1
.OIL AND POWER ASSLY
781
TE.HNI.AL DIVISION
71
INSTRUMENT
CHAPTER 1
751
B.M
CHAPTER 7
71
.PM
PAGE
TRM T.B
Trn!"or#er
.p$'tor
Bu!&'n)
TRANSFORMERS Po*er Trn!"or#er! Trn!"or#er! upto 97+V $%!!0 @7687 HC ?7 MVA0 MVA0 ?p&!e Bn+1 Po*er Trn!"or#er! Trn!"or#er! upto 97+V $%!!0 @7687 HC 77 MVA0 MVA0 ?p&!e Un't1 HVD. .on2erter Trn!"or#er! nd S#oot&'n) Re$tor!1 @77 MVA0 MVA0 @77+VD.0 ? *'nd'n)0 4 P&!e1 P &!e1 .on2ertor Trn!"or#er1 9@ MVAR0 MVAR0 ?87#H0 4@85A0 @77 +VD. 4 3P&!e S#oot&'n) Re$tor1 INSTRUMENTS TRANSFORMERS .urrent trn!"or#er! up to 77 +V1 +V1 .p$'tor 2o%t)e Trn!"or#er Trn!"or#er up to 97 +V1 +V1 REACTORS Gpped $ore S&unt Re$tor! Re$ tor! up to 97 +V $%!!0 49@ MVAR MVAR ? P&!e Un't1 Ser'e! nd Neutr% Ground'n) Re$tor!1 .ontro%%ed S&unt Re$tor up to 97 +V $%!!0 57 MVAR MVAR ? P&!e Un't1 M#' C#*6um!'6 #8 BHEL$ Ni#*/
I*!'*i#*/
NTP.
TNB0 M%y!'
PG.IL
PP.0 Gree$e
NP.
MEW0 O#n
NHP.
O..0 O#n
NL.
GE.OL0 L',y
NP.IL
Tr'n'dd To,)o To,)o
NEEP.O
Ne* e%nd
APTRANS.O APGEN.O PP.L ALL Stte E%e$tr'$'ty Bord!
TnCn' et$
CORE PUNCH
Ferrou! M Mter'%
.RGO
B1O1 In!u%t'on .o#ponent
In Hou!e In!u%1 .o#p1
F,r'$t'on .o#ponent
M6. .o#p
L#'nt'on Prep Prepr rt t'o 'on n
A!!e#,%ed .ore
.ore Bu'% Bu'%d' d'n) n)
To Ne
C#'! M*u8-u'i* P'#-!66$
.RGO I#ported
S%'tt'n) M$&'ne
.ropp'n) M$&'ne
St$+'n) 6 Arrn)'n)
Sett'n) -o,/
.ore Bu'%d'n)
.%#p'n)
L'"t'n)
Tpp'n)
.ur'n)
Te!t Te!t -9V 6 47V/
S&'"t to A!!e#,%y 6 Tn+ Tn+
T&9!6 #8 CRGO Si/i-#* S!!/ U6!" .RGO Type
L#'nt'on S'Ce
Lo!!e! -Wtt! per )/
M
719 ##
4177 W6)
MOH
719 ##
4177 W6)
DH 7
719 ##
717 W6)
DH 5@
719? ##
715@ W6)
CRGO Im9#'!" 8'#m$
.orport'on0 Y*t Y*t Wor+! Wor+! -pn/ 1) N'ppon Stee% .orport'on0 2) VISt% Ltd10 Et+er'n,ur) -Ru!!'/ 3) POS.O S/ii* M-i*! (Se=uen$e o" opert'on )$
-
Dr*'n) 6 J p%n S'Ce 6 Grde .RGO Burr Le2e% 97 #'$ron Stee% *'dt& *'t&'n to%ern$e E2ery @77# *'dt& $&e$+ Burr Gu)e S$rp nd Bu$+%'n) C'#99i* M-i*! (Se=uen$e o" opert'on ):
-
Re2'!ed dr*'n) 6 JA P%n $&e$+ed E2ery 477 !&eet pr#eter $&e$+ A"ter $o#p%et'on o" !!e#,%y o" $ore 'n$%ud'n) $ur'n) o" re!'n )%!! tpe0 47 V A. te!t ,et*een - .ore nd EndFr#e - .ore nd Yo+eBo%t! - EndFr#e nd Yo+eBo%t!
Cu''!* CRGO '"!6 u6!" i* +'i#u6 9'#!-6$
.ore Bu'%d'n) Pro(e$t
.RGO Grde U!ed
BINA Po*er
DH 5@
TATA Mundr
MOH
PG Su(%pur
MOH
INSULATION SHOP
i. ii. iii. iv. iv. v. vi.
M!'i/6 U6!"$ Pre!! Bord -4## 3 @7##/ Per# Wood B+e%'te -9## 3 9@##/ F',er G%!! -71@## 3 ##/ .rd S&eet 6 G!+et -"or tn+'n)/ -?## 3 491@##/ GUM 3Fe2'$o% Dendro'd
Li6 #8 m-i*!6 u6!" i* I*6u/i#* S#9$ i. ii. iii. iv. iv. v. vi. vii. viii. ix. x. xi. xii. xiii. xiv. xv. xv. xvi. xvii. xviii. xix. xx. xxi.
Po*er Pre!! -TB%o$+/ .repe Pper .utt'n) E#,o!!'n) #6$ P%te Bend'n) #6$ .y%'nder Gu##'n) #6$ S$r""'n) #6$ Pre!! Bord I#pre)nt'on E=u'p#ent S&'e%d R'n) M'%%'n) #6$ Gu'%%'tone #6$ RM89 6 Dr'%% #6$ L'!!'n) #6$ We')&'n) Dr'%% #6$ Bend S* 3.utt'n) #6$ An)%e Hot Pre!! .'r$u%r S* Hydru%'$ Pre!! #6$ -?77T 6 @77T/ Pneu#t'$ P%t"or# Stru$tur% P%t"or# 3 5 Ste# O2en 3 9 V$uu# Dry'n) Ve!!e% 3 9 EOT .rne! -@7647 T0 9@6@ T/
COIL :INDING
PI.. 6 .T.
Mou%ded .o#p1
B1O1 In!u%1 .o#ponent
In Hou!e In!u%1 .o#p1
Wound .o'%
.o'% W'nd'n)
To Pro$e!!
C#99!' im9#'!" 8'#m$
Sr1 No1
M6S
Fro#
D'#en!'on
741
Pre$'!'on W're! Ltd1
S'%2!!
177 < 917@ ##
791
B&ndr' Po*er L'ne! P2t1 Ltd1
Mn'p%
4717@ < 417 ##
7?1
BP.L .ondu$tor! P2t1 Ltd1
Mnd'deep
417 < 1@7 ##
71
S# Don) .o1 Ltd1
pn
917@ < 187 ##
7@1
.&ndr Prote$o -.P Trn!$o/
-
C#i/ P'!%H!i*$ 477 o. -#'n @ o. o2en te#perture/ Durt'on ? Hour!
-
T&9!6 #8 :i*"i*$ T&9!6 D'!$ nd Inter%e2ed He%'$%0 Sp'r% nd InterWound InterWound He%'$%
-
C#99!' C#*"u-#'6$ PI.. 3 Bun$&ed GLUED .T.GLUED
9177 < 14@ ##
SSEMBLY LY AND AND PO:ER A COIL ASSEMB ASSEMBLY
Wound Wound .o'% .o' % .o'% A!!e#,%y
Mou%ded .o#p1
A!!e#,%ed .o'%
To Pro$e!! B1O1 In!u% .o#onent1
In Hou!e In!u%1 .o#p1
G!*!'/ :i*"i* A''*!m!*$
TAP
LV
HV
LV
TAP
HV
LV
HV
TAP TAP
3 -A!$ory% 6 OM 48 6 Pyro$%or/ T'*68#'m!' Oi/ P'#9!'i!6 3 -A!$ory%
-
H')& 'n!u%t'n) Lo* V'!$o!'ty Lo* Sur"$e Ten!'on Ten!'on Opt'#u# .oo%'n) Po'nt Lo* De$o#po!'t'on
M!'i/ u6!"$ u6!"$ SRBP ; SRBP ; S&*!iS&*!i- R!6i* B!6 P9!'
TECHNICAL DIVISION (VAPOR PHASE DYING PLANT)
.p$'ty Auto$%2e S'Ce M< Lod'n) Trn!"or#er Rt'n)
: ?7 W : 49@77 < 8777 < 8777 : @7 Ton : @7 MVA0 8@ V
P'#-!66$
It '! pro$e!! o" proper dry'n) o" 'n!u%t'on o" trn!"or#er ,y per"e$t%y $ontro%%ed uto#t'$ pro$e!!0 *'t& %o*e!t po!!',%e pper depo%y#er'Ct'on nd ener)y $on!u#pt'on1 B!'$ E=u'p#ent o" Vpor Vpor P&!e Dry'n) -VPD/ p%nt:
a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.
E2portor !y!te#1 .onden!t'on !y!te#1 Auto$%2e1 V$uu# !y!te#1 So%2ent Pu#p'n) !y!te#1 Het'n) !y!te# "or e2portor nd uto$%2e1 Het re$o2ery !y!te#1 D'!t'%%t'on e=u'p#ent1 Spe$'% *ter e
T&e *&o%e pro$e!! '! $rr'ed out 'n K !t)e!0 *&'$& '! ! e
In t&'! "'r!t !t)e0 t&e o2en '! prepred "or t&e pro$e!!1 T&e (o, '! %et 'n!'de t&e $&#,er ,y #en! o" $rne1 A%% t&e 'n!tru#ent! nd de2'$e! re $& e$+ed "or $orre$t opert'on1 T&e o'% "'%%'n) p'pe '! p%$ed 'n po!'t'on1 T&er#o$oup%e '! tt$&ed to t&e $ore o" t&e trn!"or#er "or te#perture #on'tor'n) dr'n p%u) '! $onne$ted ,y !tee% p'pe0 et$1 F'n%%y0 t&e t&e door '! $%o!ed nd $%#ped ,y &ydru%'$ pu#p1
H0$ H!i* U9$
T&e &et'n) pro$e!! '! !trted "ter 'n't'% preprt'on1 Pre!!ure o" #Br '! #'nt'ned *'t&'n t&e uto$%2e1 T&e $p$'ty o" !o%2ent tn+ '! 490777 L nd #'n'#u# o" @077780777L '! #'nt'ned dur'n) t&e pro$e!!1 T&e &et'n) $y$%e '! o" 587 Hr! nd 9? 'nter#ed'te pre!!ure %o*er'n) -IPL/ o" 41@9 Hr! '! pp%'ed 'n ,et*een1 T&e (o, te#perture '! #'nt'ned ,et*een 47@o. 3
[email protected] P0$ Fi*! P'!66u'! R!"u-i#*$ V0$ Fi*! V-uum$
W&en *ter '! o,t'ned t @7#L6&our '! o,t'ned "or t&ree &our! 'n t&ree !'#u%tneou! red'n) t 47@o. 3 49@o. te#perture nd 719 Torr pre!!ure0 pre!!ure0 t&e !o%2ent '! $%o!ed do*n t&rou)& 2%2e!1 T&e (o, '! "%ooded *'t& o'% nd 't '! !o+ed "or #'n'#u# o" 49Hr!1 A0$ A!'i#*$
T&e 2$uu# 'n!'de t&e $%2e '! ,ro+en do*n nd 'r '! %et 'n!'de1 O'% '! dr'ned "ro# t&e (o, nd 't '! !ent to t&e !!e#,%y un't "or !er2'$'n)1 Po!t !er2'$'n)0 t&e (o, '! %et 'n "or P9 pro$e!!1 T&'! '! )ener%%y $rr'ed out ,y $on2ent'on% pro$e!! on%y1 T&e T&e o, '! &eted to 477 6 @o. 719 torr 2$uu# pre!!ure1 W&en !'#u%tneou! ? red'n) o" @7#L6&our o" *ter '! o,t'ned "or ? &our!0 t&e (o, '! !ent to Te!t'n) deprt#ent "or "urt&er pro$e!! 'n o'%"'%%ed $ond't'on1 3 -A!$ory% 6 OM 48 6 Pyro$%or/ T'*68#'m!' Oi/ P'#9!'i!6 3 -A!$ory%
-
H')& 'n!u%t'n) Lo* V'!$o!'ty Lo* Sur"$e Ten!'on Ten!'on Opt'#u# .oo%'n) Po'nt Lo* De$o#po!'t'on
A"+*!6 #8 VPD$ 741 F!t0 un'"or# &et'n) up o" t&e #ter'% to ,e dr'ed1 791 Su,!tnt'% redu$t'on 'n t&e dry'n) $y$%e o" t&e trn!"or#er $o#pred to $on2ent'on% pro$e!!1
Sr1
.on2ent'on% Pro$e!!
VPD Pro$e!!
4!t Pro$e!!
49 to 4@ dy!
@ dy!
9nd Pro$e!!
7 to 75 dy!
? dy!
7?1 L'tt%e depo%y#er'Ct'on o" 'n!u%t'n) #ter'%1 71 Opt'#u# nd &o#o)eneou! dr'n) =u%'ty0 !'n$e t&e &et'n) pro$e!! t+e! p%$e 'n pr$t'$%%y 'r "ree t#o!p&ere0 '1e1 NO9.
BCM F#//#
•
@9V TO @9@ V OIP $onden!er Bu!&'n)! up to ?4@7 #p!1 Rt'n)1 9@ +V0 up to ?77 #p!1 Bu!&'n) "or Ind'n R'%*y!1 Bu!&'n Bu!&'n) ) "or #'!$e% #'!$e%%n %neou! eou! pp%'$ pp%'$t'o t'on! n! !u$& !u$& ! ,u!&'n ,u!&'n)!0 )!0 roo" roo" ,u!&'n ,u!&'n)!0 )!0 T1G1 1G1 ,u!&'n)! et$1 To To !u't $u!to#er re=u're#ent!1 re=u're#ent!1 SRBP $y%'nder! "or trn!"or#er pp%'$t'on up to 477 ## I6D0 up to 977 ## %on)1
Bu!&'n) .ore W'nd'n)
A!!e#,%y
Pro$e!!'n)
Le+)e Le+ )e Te!t Te!t
Te!t'n)
P'n+'n)
Bu6i* C#'! :i*"i*$
T&e .ore o" ,u!&'n) '! &o%%o* $opper $ondu$tor1 It '! *rpped up *'t& %yer o" 'n!u%t'on nd %u#'nu# "o'%0 %ternt'2e%y0 to "or# pr%%e% $p$'tor!1 T&'! '! done !o ! to redu$e t&e e%e$tr'$% "'e%d !tre!!0 *&'$& *ou%d ot&er*'!e o$$ur nd $u!e ,re+do*n1 A $enter ter#'n% '! t&en t+en out "ro# %u#'nu# "o'% "or te!t'n) purpo!e! -9V te!t/1 T&'! redy $ore '! t&en treted 'n o2en to re#o2e #o'!ture $ontent "or 5 &our! t round 477o.1 It '! t&en de%'2ered to t&e A!!e#,%y L'ne "or "urt&er pro$e!!1 A66!mb/&$
Fo%%o*'n) #ter'%! re )ener%%y 'n!t%%ed 'n $o#p%ete !!e#,%y o" ,u!&'n)0 'n order "ro# ,otto# to top:
Botto# End Nut Botto# Se%'n) P%te Botto# Por$e%'n O R'n)
F%n)e O R'n) Top Top Por$e%'n Por$e% 'n O R'n) Top .p Top .o2er .o2e r
T&e top $o2er $on!'!t! o" p$+ !!e#,%y *&'$& $$o##odted *!&er 6 !tud1 For$e '! pp%'ed ,y $o#pre!!or nd nut '! t')&tened to &o%d t&e $o#p%ete $o #p%ete ,u!&'n)1
E*i'! 66!mb/& i6 -''i!" #u i* 8i+! 6!6, <i- '! !=9/i*!" b!/#<$ S! 30: A!!e#,%y o" ,u!&'n) 'n &or'Cont% po!'t'on
-
Top Por$e%'n1 .ore $onden!er ,u!&'n)1 Top $p1 Botto# por$e%'n1 Se%'n) 'te#1
S! 31: A!!e#,%y o" ,u!&'n) 'n Vert'$% po!'t'on
-
Spr'n) p$+1 Top $p !ett'n) 6 d(u!t#ent1
V$uu# I#pre)nt'on pro$e!!'n) S! 37: V$uu#
-
Ju%'ty o" o'% $$ord'n) to !pe$'"'ed pr#eter!1 I#pre)nt'on o" ,u!&'n) "or !pe$'"'ed t'#e 6 te#perture 6 2$uu#1 Mo'!ture 'n ,u!&'n) $$ord'n) to !pe$'"'ed 2$uu # 6 te#perture1 .orre$t "'%%'n) o" o'%1 M'n'#u# 49&r! o" !o+'n) 'n p%nt1 Topup Topup o" o'% 'n $!e o" %o* o'% %e2e%1 M'n'#u# @ dy! o" !o+'n)1 Prote$t'on "ro# du!t1
S! 32: Po!tPro$e!!'n) .&e$+!
- Mount'n) 'n upr')&t po!'t'on 'n "'
A!!e#,%y o" e
-
.&e$+ Led 6 Led %en)t&1 .,%e t&u#,%e1 Ter#'n% Ter#'n% !tnd1 P'nt'n) .&e$+'n) o" o'% 'n ,u!&'n) 'n 2ert'$% po!'t'on1
In N9 pre!!ure te!t0 t&e ,u!&'n) '! "'%%ed up *'t& N9 )! t 41@ )6$#9 nd +ept under o,!er2t'on "or 49 &our!1 I" ny %e+)e %e+ )e e<'!t!0 t&ere>! "%% 'n t&e 'n!'de pre!!ure0 't '! t&en 'dent'"'ed nd re$t'"'ed1 T&e ,u!&'n) '! t&en !ent to t&e pro$e!!'n) p%nt "or #o'!ture re#o2% nd o'% "'%%'n)1
Bu6i* P'#-!66i* P/*$
T&e pro$e!!'n) o" ,u!&'n)! '! $rr'ed out 'n t*o "or#!: Fu%% pro$e!! nd S&ort pro$e!!1 T&e Fu%% pro$e!! '! $rr'ed out o2er ,u!&'n)! *&'$& $o#e "or pro$e!!'n) pro$e!!'n) "or t&e "'r!t t'#e0 nd t&e !&ort pro$e!! t+e! p%$e "or t&o!e ,u!&'n)! *&'$& &2e ,een %redy treted on$e1
F#' 213 KV bu6i*, ! &9i-/ Fu// 9'#-!66 i6$
o
O2en Strt 2$uu# o
477 . 6 8 &our! #'n'#u# 7177@ #Br pre!!ure 6 5 &our!
Te#perture 87 . 9 &our! Strt o'% "'%%'n) Drop ,y Drop 45 3 97 &our! Stop Het'n) So+'n)
9 &our!
F#' 124 KV > 024 KV > ?1 KV > 41.4 KV bu6i*, ! &9i-/ 8u// 9'#-!66 i6$
o
477 . 6 9 &our! #'n'#u# 7177@ #Br pre!!ure 6 5 &our!
O2en Strt 2$uu# o
Te#perture 87 . 9 &our! Strt o'% "'%%'n) Drop ,y Drop 45 3 97 &our! Stop Het'n) So+'n)
9 &our!
F#' 124 KV > 024 KV > ?1 KV > 41.4 KV bu6i*, ! &9i-/ 6#' 9'#-!66 i6$
o
o
Te#perture 87 . 8@ . 49 &our! V$uu# 5 &our! Strt o'% "'%%'n) Drop ,y Drop 45 3 97 &our! Stop Het'n) So+'n)
9 &our!
S#@i* Du'i#*$
Rt'n)
Durt'on
97
V Bu!&'n)
48 Hour! #'n'#u#
9@
V Bu!&'n)
49 Hour! #'n'#u#
4@
V Bu!&'n)
75 Hour! #'n'#u#
91@ 91@ V Bu!& Bu!&'n 'n) )
7 Hour Hour!! #'n #'n'# '#u# u#
V Bu!&'n)
7 Hour! #'n'#u#
@9
Bu6i* T! T!6i*$ 6i*$ Rout'ne nd type te!t! re $rr'ed out on ,u!&'n) $$ord'n) to t&e re=u're#ent nd $u!to#er! de#nd1 A typ'$% rout'ne te!t o,!er2t'on on 97 V ,u!&'n) '! !&o*n ,e%o*1 T&e ,!'$ de2'$e "or te!t'n) '! S$&er'n) Br'd)e0 nd t&e pr#eter! .? nd R? re #e!ured:
Pr#eter V .p$'tn$e .? Tn de%t Prt'% D'!$&r)e -'ntern%/
47
499
9@@
?8
97
?8
9@@
499
47
T&e pp%'ed 2o%t)e on ,u!&'n) '! 'n$re!ed "ro# 797 V nd redu$ed to Cero )'n0 nd red'n)! re t+en t+ en ! !&o*n ,o2e1 Upon Upo n re$&'n) 97 V0 n o2er2o%t)e o" 8?7 V '! #'nt'ned "or per'od o" one #'nute nd t&e !#e pr#eter red'n)! re t+en1
CPM F#//#
Produ$t S&unt .p$'tor!
Rt'n) 818 V @77 V
Purpo!e '#pro2e#ent o" po*er F$tor
7 91
Ser'e! .p$'tor!
?? V 77 V
7 ?1
F'%ter .p$'tor!
up @77 V
re$t'2e $o#pen!t'on nd 2o%t)e re)u%t'on d'""erent type! o" &r#on'$! "'%ter'n)
7 1
Sur)e .p$'tor!
up 7 V
7 @1
.VT!
?? V 4977 V
7 81 7 1
Motor .p$'tor! Roo" .p$'tor!
?1? V 44 V 9777 2o%t! d$
-HVD./ prote$t'on o" )enertor Trn!"or#er! #e!ur'n) %'ne #eter'n) po*er %'ne $rr'er .o##un'$t'on '#pro2'n) po*er "$tor tr$t'on %o$o#ot'2e
S&unt .p$'tor ,n+! *'t& %% "'%# d'e%e$tr'$ '#pre)nted *'t& non P.B I#pre)nte o" de!'red rt'n)! "ro# 818 to 77 +V $o#p%ete *'t& #nu% 6 uto#t'$ $ontro% e=u'p#ent "or Indu!tr'% nd po*er !y!te# pp%'$t'on1 Po%e #ounted .p$'tor! "or #ount'n) 'n %'ne *'t& Rur% E%e$tr'"'$t'on !$&e#e up to 44 V Roo" .p$'tor 'n Tr$t'on Motor pp%'$t'on: #'$ro"rd0 9 V D.
Ser'e! $p$'tor! "or Re$t'2e $o#pen!t'on nd 2o%t)e re)u%t'on 'n po*er !y!te# "ro# ??+V to 77 V .p$ .p$'t 'tor or to '#pr '#pro2 o2ee po*er po*er "$t "$tor or o" tr$ tr$t' t'on on !u,! !u,!t tt' t'on! on! !u't !u't, ,%e %e "or "or R'% R'%*y *y E%e$tr'"'$t'on1 Sur)e .p$'tor "or prote$t'on o" Rott'n) M$&'ne nd Genertor trn!"or#er! *'nd'n) 4@ +V nd 7 +V0 7149@ #'$ro "rd1 A. "'%ter .p$'tor "or Hr#on'$ "'%ter'n) !u't,%e "or HVD. pp%'$t'on up u p to @77 +V1 +V1 .oup%'n) $p$'tor! 6 .VT up to 577 +V $%!! "or Po*er %'ne $rr'er $o##un'$t'on pp%'$t'on0 #eet'n) nd prote$t'on1
M*u8-u'i* P'#-!66 #8 P#
E%e#ent W'nd'n) Te!t'n) 1@ V E%e#ent St$+ A!!e#,%y
P$+ Te!t'n)
So%der'n) nd W'r'n) W'r'n)
Bo<'n)
VP P%nt
R$+ 6 D'!pt$&
M#' '< m!'i/6$ Sr1 No1
Mter'%
Purpo!e 6 D'#en!'on
7 41
Po%ypropy%ene "'%#
! d'e%e$tr'$ to 45 #'$ron!
7 91
A%u#'nu# Fo'%
@ #'$ron!
7?1
PE -P&eny% y%y% Et&ne/ o'%
! %'=u'd d' d'e%e$tr'$
7 1
Bu!&'n)
.p$'tor $on!'!t! o" e%e$trode #de #d e o" @ #'$ron! A%u#'nu# A%u#'nu# Fo'%1 T&e d'e%e$tr'$ u!ed '! o" Po%ypropy%ene "'%# &2'n) t&'$+ne!! #'$ron! to 45 #'$ron!1 T&ree %yer d'e%e$tr'$! re u!ed ,et*een t*o e%e$trode! o" @ #'$ron! A% Fo'%1 A%% t&e!e %yer! o" Po%ypropy%ene "'%# nd A%u#'nu# Fo'% re *ound on Se#' Auto#t'$ *'nd'n) #$&'ne1 And t&en 't '! pre!!ed to )et t&e $p$'tor e%e#ent1 T&'! $o#p%ete pro$e!! '! done 'n du!t proo" 'r$ond't'oned *'nd'n) roo#1 A%% t&e e%e#en e%e#ent! t! re t&en t&en te!ted te!ted u!'n) u!'n) e%e#en e%e#entt tte!t e!t'n) 'n) #$&'ne #$&'ne11 I" "u%ty "u%ty e%e# e%e#ent ent!! re re dete dete$t $ted ed t&en t&en t&ey t&ey re re t on$e on$e re(e re(e$t $ted ed nd re re !ep !epr rte ted d "ro# "ro# t&e t&e #nu"$tur'n) pro$e!!1 For Po*er .p$'tor!0 t&e e%e#ent! re rrn)ed 'n n ppropr'te !er'e! or pr%%e% $o#,'nt'on0 !o ! to )et de!'red $p$'tor rt'n)1 T&e rrn)e#ent o" t&e e%e#ent! '! $%%ed !t$+1 T&e !t$+! re )'n te!ted 'n p$+te!t'n) #$&'ne1 T&e!e !t$+! re ,o
T!6i*$ We%% E=u'pped .p$'tor te!t u%tr &')& 2o%t)e %,ortory to $ope up We%% *'t& rout'ne type te!t re=u're#ent! ! per %te!t Ind'n Internt'on% "or Po*er $p$'tor $oup%'n) $p$'tor1
ROUTINE TEST 6 9!' IS 07514 (055) S'.
TEST
PROCEDURE
41
Me!ure#ent o"
.p$'tn$e '! #e!ured t rted 2o%t)e1
.p$'tn$e1 91
.p$'tor Lo Lo!! t tn)ent
.p$'tor Lo Lo!! t tn)ent '! '! #e #e!ured " "ter 5 5 &r &r! o" o" !t !t,'%'Ct'on
#e!ure#ent ent t rted
or t t t&e t&e end o" o" T&er#% St,'%'ty Te!t1
2o%t)e1 ?1
1
Vo%t)e te!t ,et*een
t'#e! t&e rted 2o%t)e 'n D. '! pp%'ed ,et*een t&e ter#'n%
ter#'n%!1
"or 47 !e$1
A$ te!t ter#'n%! nd
An A$ Vo%t)e depend'n) on t&e BIL %e2e% o" t&e un't '!
$ont'ner1
pp%'ed ,et*een !&orted ter#'n%! nd $ont'ner "or 47 !e$1 t&'! '! pp%'ed on%y "or un't! &2'n) %% ter#'n%! 'n!u%ted1
@1
Te!t o" D'!$&r)e
D'!$&r)e re!'!tn$e !&%% ,e #e!ured1 T&e DR !&%% ,e
de2'$e1
!u't,%e d'!$&r)e to %e!! t&n @7 2o%t! "ro# n 'n't'% pe+ 2o%t)e o" !=rt o" 9 t'#e! t&e rted 2o%t)e "ter d'!$onne$t'n) "ro# !upp%y1 T&e #<'#u# d'!$&r)e t'#e !&%% ,e 47 #'n1
81
Se%'n) te!t
A !e%'n) te!t !&%% ,e $rr'ed out to de#on!trte t&t t&e '#pre)nte doe! not %e+ "ro# t&e $p$'tor1 T&e T&e te!t !&%% ,e $rr'ed out t 57$ "or per'od o" &our! "ter tt'n'n) $ont'ner te#perture o" 57$1
TYPE TESTS 6 9!' IS 07514(055) S'.
TEST
PROCEDURE
41
T&er#% St,'%'ty Te!t
1 .p$'tor un't! re p%$ed 'n!'de t&e o2en &2'n) @@ 9$1 ,1 An A. A. 2o%t)e e=u% to 419 Un '! pp%'ed "or 5 &r!1 $1 Te 2%ue o" tn de%t #e!ured dur'n) dur'n) %!t 47 &r! !&%% not 'n$re!e ,y 4< 47 .p$'tn$e '! #e!ured t rted 2o%t)e1
91
?1
.p$'tor %o!! tn)ent
.p$'tor Lo!! tn)ent '! #e!ured "ter 5 &r!
#e!ure#ent t e% e%e2ted
o" !t !t,'%'Ct'on or or t t t&e en end o" o" t& t&er#% !t !t,'%'ty
Te#perture
te!t1
A$ te!t ter#'n%! nd
An A$ Vo%t)e depend'n) on t&e BIL %e2e% o"
$ont'ner1
t&e un't '! pp%'ed ,et*een !&orted ter#'n%! nd $ont'ner "or 4 #'n1 t&'! '! pp%'ed on%y "or un't! &2'n) %% ter#'n%! 'n!u%ted1
1
L')&t'n) '#pu%!e 2o%t)e te!t
An I#pu%!e Vo%t)e depend'n) on t&e BIL
,et*een !&orted ter#'n%! nd
%e2e% o" t&e un't '! pp%'ed ,et*een !&orted
$ont'ner1
ter#'n%! nd $ont'ner1 t&'! te!t '! pp%'$,%e on%y "or un't! &2'n) %% ter#'n%! 'n!u%ted1
@1
S&orted .'r$u't D'!$&r)e
1 91@ t'#e! t&e rted 2o%t)e 'n D. '! pp%'ed
Te!t1
,et*een t&e ter#'n%! t&en d'!$&r)ed t&rou)& )p !'tuted ! $%o!e ! po!!',%e to t&e $p$'tor1 T&e un't !&%% ,e !u,(e$ted to )'2e @ !u$& d'!$&r)e *'t&'n 47 #'n1 ,1 W't&'n W't&'n @ #'n "ter t&'! te!t0 t&e un't !&%% ,e !u,(e$ted to 1? t'#e! t&e rted 2o%t)e ,et*een ter#'n%! "or 47 !e$1
RESULTS RESULT S AND DIS.USSION: T&e pro(e$t *&'$& 'n !!')ned ,y HRD. "or 'ndu!tr'% tr'n'n) '! $o#p%eted 'n t&e )'2en per'od o" t'#e *'t& t&e &e%p o" "$u%ty )u'de! nd t&e 2ery &e%p"u% nd +no*%ed)e,%e te# o" BHEL1 Fro# By 4 to By 8 *e &2e !een nd %erned 2r'ou! t&'n)! *&'$& *ou%d !ure%y ,e 2ery &e%p"u% "or #y "uture1 We &2e !een &o* !'%'$on !tee%! re $ut 'n proper d'#en!'on! *'t& t&e &e%p o" pun$& nd .AM -$o#puter 'ded #nu"$tur'n)/ nd &e%ped 'n #+'n) $ore ! *e%% nd d'!$u!! t&e 2r'ou! pr#eter! *&'%e do'n) *or+ *'t& t&e &')& $%!! en)'neer! %'+e *&y o'% du$t! re u!ed Or *&y $n>t *e u!e not&er #ter'% "or $ore T&e 'ndu!tr'% "$u%ty )u'de $%ered our dou,t t&orou)&%y nd &e%ped 'n $o%%e$t'n) dt ! #u$& ! &e $n1
.ON.LUSION AND RE.OMMENDATION: T&e #'n type! o" #r+et $tor! &2'n) d're$t 'n"%uen$e on t&e de$'!'on to pur$&!e d'!tr',ut'on trn!"or#er re e%e$tr'$'ty d'!tr',ut'on $o#pn'e! nd end u!er! 'n 'ndu!try nd $o##er$e0 ! *e%% ! t&e en)'neer'n) "'r#!0 ener)y !er2'$e $o#pn'e! nd $on!u%tnt! *&o d2'!e to t&e# 'n t&e p%nn'n) nd tender'n) p&!e! o" pro$ure#ent1 T&e!e #r+et $tor! "$e d'""erent ,rr'er! nd o,!t$%e! *'t& re)rd to t&e de2e%op#ent0 p%nn'n)0 !%e! nd pur$&!e o" ener)ye""'$'ent d'!tr',ut'on d'!tr',ut'on trn!"or#er!1 T&ey $urrent%y do not re$e'2e ny !upport to re%'!e ener)ye""'$'ent tr)et!1 T&ere"ore0 'n order to de=ute%y ddre!! nd o2er$o#e t&e!e ,rr'er! nd o,!t$%e! nd to re%'!e t&e e<'!t'n) ener)y e""'$'en$y potent'%! 'n t&'! "'e%d0 d'""erent po%'$'e! nd #e!ure! re needed1 T&e!e po%'$'e! nd #e!ure! !&ou%d ,e ,und%ed 'n n ppropr'te po%'$y#'<1
T&e BHEL pro(e$t propo!e!: .&n)e! 'n t&e re)u%tory !$&e#e! re needed to re#o2e d'!'n$ent'2e! nd pro2'de 'n$ent'2e! to 'n$re!e t&e u!e o" ener)ye""'$'en$y o" d'!tr',ut'on trn!"or#er! ,y e%e$tr'$'ty d'!tr',ut'on $o#pn'e!1 T&e 'n$o#e o"0 nd 'n2e!t#ent ,y0 e%e$tr'$'ty d'!tr',ut'on $o#pn'e! '! #'n%y $ontro%%ed ,y re)u%t'on due to t&e "$t t&t d'!tr',ut'on )r'd! re 'n #o!t $!e! ntur% #onopo%'e!1 T&ere"ore0 t&e re)u%t'on !$&e#e *'%% &2e %r)e '#p$t on t&e 'n2e!t#ent de$'!'on! o" e%e$tr'$'ty d'!tr',ut'on $o#pn'e!0 'n$%ud'n) *&et&er or not to ,uy ener)y e""'$'ent d'!tr',ut'on trn!"or#er!1 T&e re)u%tory #e$&n'!#! $urrent%y 'n p%$e do not )'2e ny 'n$ent'2e! nd #y e2en pro2'de d'!'n$ent'2e to t&e pur$&!e o" ener)y e""'$'ent d'!tr',ut'on trn!"or#er! ,y e%e$tr'$'ty d'!tr',ut'on $o#pn'e!1 Unt'% $&n)e! re #de to t&e!e re)u%tory re)'#e!0 dd't'on% "'!$% or "'nn$'% 'n$ent'2e! *'%% ,e needed to o""!et t&e $urrent d'!'n$ent'2e!1
A ,und%e o" Q!o"tQ #e!ure! !u$& !: t&e re=u're#ent "or $%er%y 2'!',%e n#ep%te 'n"or#t'on0
o
%,e%%'n) !$&e#e0
o
t&e 'n$%u!'on 'n ener)y d2'$e nd ud't pro)r##e! nd
o
t&e pro2'!'on o" too%+'t "or ,uyer!
o
*ou%d prt'$u%r%y ddre!! t&o!e #r+et $tor! *&o %$+ 'n"or#t'on nd +no*%ed)e or *&o tend to "o%%o* trd't'on% pur$&!'n) rout'ne! t&t do not %ed to %e!t$o!t!o%ut'on!1 T&'! prt'$u%r%y ""e$t! !#%% nd #ed'u# 'ndu!try nd $o##er$e0 ,ut %!o !o#e !#%%er e%e$tr'$'ty e%e$tr'$'ty d'!tr',ut'on d'!tr',ut'on $o#pn'e!0 $o#pn'e!0 en)'neer'n) en)'neer'n) "'r#!0 "'r#!0 ener)y ener)y !er2'$e !er2'$e $o#pn'e!0 $o#pn'e!0 ener)y $on!u%tnt! nd p%nner!1
REFEREN.ESES: 1. 2. 3.
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