BPI vs. IAC

BPI vs. IAC and Rizaldy Zshornack  [G.R. No. L-66826 A!"!s# $%& $%88 ' ()PIC: Deposit

A*(+)R: NOTES: (if applicable)

NA(*R, ) (+, CA,/ A001al ro3 d1cision o IAC AC(/ $. )ri"inal 0ar#i1s #o #his cas1 41r1 Rizaldy and Co331rcial Bank and (r!s# Co30any 5C)(R*(- a7sor71d 7y BPI #hro!"h a cor0ora#1 31r"1r. 2. Rizaldy and 4i1 hirl1y Goros01 3ain#ain1d in C)(R*( 59!1zon Ci#y Branch a dollar savin"s acco!n# and a 01so c!rr1n# acco!n#. :. ;ir"ilio Garcia& Assis#an# Branch 3ana"1r& acco30lish1d an a00lica#ion or a dollar dra# 0aya7l1 #o a c1r#ain L1ovi"ilda <. >>. (h1 a00lica#ion indica#1d #ha# #h1 a3o!n# 4as #o 71 char"1d #o #h1 dollar savin"s acco!n# o #h1 Zshornacks. Char"1s or co33ission& doc!31n#ary s#a30 #a? and o#h1rs #o#alin" P $@.6 41r1 #o 71 char"1d #o #h1 01so c!rr1n# acco!n# o #h1 Zshornacks. . (h1 na31 o #h1 0!rchas1r o #h1 dollar dra# 4as no# indica#1d. . C)(R*(& !nd1r #h1 si"na#!r1 o ;ir"ilio ;. Garcia& iss!1d a ch1ck 0aya7l1 #o #h1 ord1r o L1ovi"ilda <. >> dra4n on #h1 Chas1 anha##an Bank& N14 ork& 4i#h an indica#ion #ha# i# 4as #o 71 char"1d #o #h1 dollar acco!n# o  #h1 Zshornacks. 6. Dh1n Dh1n Zshorn Zshornack ack no#ic no#ic1d 1d #h1 4i#hd 4i#hdra4 ra4al al o * *=$& =$&>>> >>>.>> .>> ro3 ro3 his acco!n acco!n#& #& h1 d13and1d d13and1d an 1?0lana#ion ro3 #h1 7ank. In ans41r& ans41r& C)(R*( clai31d #ha# #h1 01so val!1 o #h1 4i#hdra4al 4as "iv1n #o A##y. ,rn1s#o Zshornack& Er.& 7ro#h1r o Rizaldy& on )c#o71r 2@& $%@ 4h1n h1 5,rn1s#o 1ncash1d 4i#h C)(R*( a cashi1rFs ch1ck or P8&>.>> iss!1d 7y #h1 anila Bankin" Cor0ora#ion 0aya7l1 #o ,rn1s#o. @. 2nd All1" All1"a#i a#ion on 7y Rizald Rizaldy/ y/ Zshorn Zshornack ack 1n#r! 1n#r!s#1 s#1d d #o C)(R* C)(R*( (&& #hr! #hr! Garcia Garcia&& * =:&>>>.>>  =:&>>>.>>   ca cash 50o0 50o0!l !lar arly ly kno4 kno4n n as "r11 "r11n7 n7ac acks ks or or safek safekeep eeping ing,, and and #ha# #ha# #h1 #h1 a"r1131n# 4as 137odi1d in a doc!31n#& a co0y o 4hich 4as a##ach1d #o and 3ad1 0ar# o #h1 co30lain#. 5IP)R(AN( <,P)I( 8. <1s0i#1 d13and& #h1 7ank r1!s1d #o r1#!rn #h1 =:&>>> d10osi#1d or sa1k110in". %. C)(R*(/ #h1 =:&>>> 4as cr1di#1d #o ZshornackH s 01so c!rr1n# acco!n# a# #h1 0r1va 0r1vaili ilin" n" conv1r conv1rsio sion n ra#1s ra#1s.. C)(R* C)(R*( ( did did no# s01c s01ci ical cally ly d1ny d1ny !nd1r !nd1r oa#h oa#h #h1 a!#h1n#ici#y and d!1 1?1c!#ion o #h1 ins#r!31n# 1vid1ncin" #h1 d10osi#. - BPI ar"!1s #ha# #h1 con#rac# 137odi1d in #h1 doc!31n# is #h1 con#rac# o d10osi#!3& 4hich 7anks do no# 1n#1r in#o. (h1 7ank all1"1s #ha# Garcia 1?c11d1d his 0o41rs 4h1n h1 1n#1r1d in#o #h1 #ransac#ion. +1nc1& i# is clai31d& #h1 7ank canno# 71 lia7l1 !nd1r #h1 con#rac#& and #h1 o7li"a#ion is 0!r1ly 01rsonal #o Garcia. CI r!l1d in avor o #h1 Zshornacks 1?c10# in #h1 #hird ca!s1 o ac#ion. IAC 3odi1d #h1 d1cision o CI and a7solv1d #h1 7ank ro3 lia7ili#y on #h1 o!r#h ca!s1 o ac#ion. I*,/ Dh1#h1r #h1 con#rac# or sa1k110in" 1n#1r1d in#o 7y #h1 7ank and Zshornack  cons#i#!#1s a con#rac# o d10osi#. RA(I): (liability) (liability) In d1alin" 4i#h cor0ora#ions #h1 0!7lic a# lar"1 is 7o!nd #o r1ly #o a lar"1 1?#1n# !0on o!#4ard a001aranc1s. I a 3an is o!nd ac#in" or a cor0ora#ion 4i#h 4i#h #h1 1? 1?#1r #1rnal nal indici indicia a o a!#hor a!#hori#y i#y&& any 01rso 01rson& n& no# havin" havin" no#ic1 no#ic1 o 4an# 4an# o  a!#hor a!#hori#y i#y&& 3ay 3ay !s!all !s!ally y r1ly r1ly !0on !0on #hos1 #hos1 a001ar a001aranc anc1s 1s and i i# 71 o!nd o!nd #ha# #ha# #h1 dir1c#ors had 01r3i##1d #h1 a"1n# #o 1?1rcis1 #ha# a!#hori#y and #h1r17y h1ld hi3 o!# as a 01rson co301#1n# #o 7ind #h1 cor0ora#ion& or had acJ!i1sc1d in a con#rac# and r1#ain1d #h1 71n1# s!00os1d #o hav1 711n con1rr1d 7y i#& #h1 cor0ora#ion 4ill 71 7o!nd& no#4i#hs#andin" #h1 ac#!al a!#hori#y 3ay n1v1r hav1 711n "ran#1d.

(h1 0rac#ical 1K1c# o a7solvin" a cor0ora#ion ro3 lia7ili#y 1v1ry #i31 an oc1r 1n#1rs in#o a con#rac# 4hich is 71yond cor0ora#1 0o41rs& 1v1n 4i#ho!# #h1 0ro01r all1"a#ion or 0roo #ha# #h1 cor0ora#ion has no# a!#horiz1d nor ra#i1d #h1 oc1rFs ac#& is #o cas# cor0ora#ions in so 01r1c# a 3old #ha# #rans"r1ssions and 4ron"s 7y s!ch ar#icial 71in"s 71co31 i30ossi7l1. 5<10osi# (h1 con#rac# is on1 o d10osi#. inc1 i# involv1s or1i"n 1?chan"1 #ransac#ion& i# is cov1r1d 7y C1n#ral Bank Circ!lar no. 2> 5A"1n#s o #h1 co30any 3!s# s1ll #h1 or1i"n 1?chan"1d r1c1iv1d 7y i# #o any o #h1 d!ly a!#horiz1d r10r1s1n#a#iv1s o BP #h1 day ollo4in" #h1 r1c1i0# o s!ch or1i"n 1?chan"1. (h1 doc!31n# and #h1 s!7s1J!1n# ac#s o #h1 0ar#i1s sho4 #ha# #h1y in#1nd1d #h1 7ank #o sa1k110 #h1 or1i"n 1?chan"1& and r1#!rn i# la#1r #o Zshornack& 4ho all1"1d in his co30lain# #ha# h1 is a Phili00in1 r1sid1n#. (h1 0ar#i1s did no# in#1nd1d #o s1ll #h1 * dollars #o #h1 C1n#ral Bank 4i#hin on1 7!sin1ss day ro3 r1c1i0#. )#h1r4is1& #h1 con#rac# o depositum 4o!ld n1v1r hav1 711n 1n#1r1d in#o a# all. inc1 #h1 31r1 sa1k110in" o #h1 "r11n7acks& 4i#ho!# s1llin" #h13 #o #h1 C1n#ral Bank 4i#hin on1 7!sin1ss day ro3 r1c1i0#& is a #ransac#ion 4hich is no# a!#horiz1d 7y CB Circ!lar No. 2>& i# 3!s# 71 consid1r1d as on1 4hich alls !nd1r #h1 "1n1ral class o  0rohi7i#1d #ransac#ions. +1nc1& 0!rs!an# #o Ar#icl1  o #h1 Civil Cod1& i# is void& havin" 711n 1?1c!#1d a"ains# #h1 0rovisions o a 3anda#oryM0rohi7i#ory la4. or1 i30or#an#ly& i# aKords n1i#h1r o #h1 0ar#i1s a ca!s1 o ac#ion a"ains# #h1 o#h1r. Dh1n #h1 n!lli#y 0roc11ds ro3 #h1 ill1"ali#y o #h1 ca!s1 or o7O1c# o #h1 con#rac#& and #h1 ac# cons#i#!#1s a cri3inal oK1ns1& 7o#h 0ar#i1s 71in" in pari delicto& #h1y shall hav1 no ca!s1 o ac#ion a"ains# 1ach o#h1r. . . Zshornack canno# r1cov1r !nd1r #h1 s1cond ca!s1 o ac#ion. CA, LADM <)C(RIN,: Ar#. $%62. A d10osi# is cons#i#!#1d ro3 #h1 3o31n# a 01rson r1c1iv1s a #hin" 71lon"in" #o ano#h1r& 4i#h #h1 o7li"a#ion o sa1ly k110in" i# and o  r1#!rnin" #h1 sa31. I #h1 sa1k110in" o #h1 #hin" d1liv1r1d is no# #h1 0rinci0al 0!r0os1 o #h1 con#rac#& #h1r1 is no d10osi# 7!# so31 o#h1r con#rac#.