Corriente Electrica Continua

FÍSICA III

FACULTAD FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA AMBIENTAL Y DE RECURSOS NATURALES NATURALES

ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA J. Davira !"ar#a$a% F. G&i#&#'(a V()*+," V()*+,"(% (% . G&a)(+ G"/irr(% S. Ia( R&3a+% N. M((+(+ F)&r(+ Escuela Profesion Profesional al de Ingeniería Ingeniería Ambiental, Ambiental, Universidad Universidad Nacional Nacional del Callao Callao Av. Av. Juan Juan Pablo Segundo Segundo 3!, 3!, "ellavista Callao Callao sofi#.$3%&otmail.com sofi#.$3% &otmail.com , J&on#d&'(#)(% J&on#d&'(#)(%&otnail.com &otnail.com , *iara#$+'(%&otmail.com , ner#mf#$''3%&otmail.com

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R(a)ia4& () 25 4( E(r& 4( 2016 7r(+(/a4& () 28 4( E(r& 4( 2016

RESUMEN E () 7r(+(/( /raa3& 4(/(r9iar(9&+ )a r(+i+/(#ia a#"9")a4a% 4(7(4i(4& +i )a+ r(+i+/(#ia+ +( (#"(/ra ( +(ri( & ( 7ara)()& a4(9*+ +( &/(4r* )a #&rri(/( 4() +i+/(9a. Palabras claves: C&rri(/( #&/i"a% 9a))a+% r(+i+/(#ia+% "4&% ra9a. INTRODUCCIÓN

LAS RESISTENCIAS

E) (+/"4i& 4( )a+ #ar:a+ ( 9&vi9i(/& +( ii#iar* ( () 7r(+(/( /(9a. E+/a+ #ar:a+ ( 9&vi9i(/&% & )& ,"( (+ )& 9i+9&% " ;)"3& 4( 7ar/<#")a+ #ar:a4a+% 4a )":ar a "a #&rri(/( ()#/ri#a% 4( )a 9i+9a 9a(ra ,"( 9&)#")a+ 4( a:"a ( 9&vi9i(/& 4a )":ar a "a #&rri(/( 4( a:"a. E ;"#i= 4() /i7& 4( 9&vi9i(/& ,"( ))(v( )a+ #ar:a+ +( #)a+i;i#ar* )a #&rri #&rri( (/( /( ()# ()#/ri /ri#a #a ( #&rr #&rri( i(/ /(( #&/ #&/i i"a "a $ #&rri(/( a)/(ra. La #&rri(/( #&/i"a (+ a,"))a ( )a ,"( () ;)"3& 4( #ar:a+ # ar:a+ 7(r9a(#( ivaria)( ( () /i(97& >7&r (3(97)&% #"a4& )&+ ()(#/r&(+ ( " #a)( +( 9"(v( a v()&#i4a4 #&+/a/(? .C"a4& () ;)"3& 4( #ar:a+ var
La r(+i+/(#ia ()#/ri#a R% (+ "a 7r&7i(4a4 4( /&4& 9a/(ria)@ 9(/a)(+ > 9"$ 7(,"(a? $ ai+)a/(+ > 9"$ :ra4(?. &r ())&% +( (/i(4( 7&r r(+i+/(#ia ()#/ri#a a #"a),"i(r 9a/(ria) 7&r 4&4( 4i+#"rr( "a #&rri( #&rri(/( /( ()#/r ()#/ri#a i#a.. E+,"(9 E+,"(9*/i */i#a9 #a9(/ (/(( +( i4i i4i#a #a 4() 4() +i:" +i:"i( i(/ /(( 9&4& 9&4&@@ Far Fari# i#a# a#i= i= 4( r(+i+/(#ia+ 7ara ;a#i)i/ar & 4i;i#")/ar () 7a+& 4( )a #&rri(/( ()#/ri#a >R  .LS?@ - !i)&+ 4( 4i+/i/a+ )&:i/"4(+ - !i)&+ 4( 4i+/i/a+ +(##i&(+ - !i)&+ 4( 4i+/i/&+ 9a/(ria)(+ >9&4i;i#a#i= 4( ?

E) &3(/iv& ;ia) 4() 7r(+(/( /(9a +(r* () a*)i+i+ 4( )&+ #ir#"i/&+ 4( #&rri(/( #&/i"a% /a/& 7&r +" i97&r/a#ia 7r&7ia ( )a /(#&)&:
ASOCIACIONES DE RESISTENCIAS • Serie: C&9ia#i= 4( 4i+/i/&+ 9a/(ria)(+ >& r(+i r(+i+/ +/( (#i #ia+ a+?? #"$ #"$&+ (/r( /r(9& 9&++ +( " "( ( " "&& a #&/ #&/i i"a "a#i #i= = 4() 4() &/r& &/r&.. E) r(+" r(+")/ )/a4 a4&& (+ " "aa r(+i+/(#ia /&/a) >& (,"iva)(/(? 9a$&r.

FUNDAMENTO TEÓRICO IA/N >2016? 1

FÍSICA III

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA AMBIENTAL Y DE RECURSOS NATURALES

ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA 1. A+i:ar ari/raria9(/( va)&r(+ 4( )a #&rri(/( ()#/ri#a ( /&4a+ )a+ ra9a+ 4( )a r(4. 2. A+i:ar ari/raria9(/( " i#& #ri/(ri& 4( #ir#")a#i= 7ara /&4a+ )a+ 9a))a+ 4( )a r(4 >'&rari& & a/i'&rari&?.

• Paralelo@ C&9ia#i= 4( 4i+/i/&+ 9a/(ria)(+ >& r(+i+/(#ia+? #"$&+ r(+7(#/iv&+ (/r(9&+ +( "( ( 4&+ 7"/&+ #&9"(+% 7&r /a/&% a /&4&+ )&+ 9a/(ria)(+. E) r(+")/a4& (+ "a r(+i+/(#ia /&/a) >& (,"iva)(/(? 9(&r.

. A7)i#ar )a 1H L($ 4( ir#'&;; ( )&+ "4&+ 4( )a r(4.  I (/ra/(+ ( () "4&   I +a)i(/(+ 4() "4& . A7)i#ar )a 2H L($ 4( ir#'&;; ( )a+ 9a))a+ 4( )a r(4. E(r:
MATERIALES Y E.UIPOS REDES Y LEYES DE KIRCOFF

 

Ua r(4 ()#/ri#a (+/* ;&r9a4a 7&r )a #&9ia#i= 4( vari&+ #ir#"i/&+ ()#/ri#&+.

  

E "a r(4 )a #&rri(/( ()#/ri#a +( r(7ar/( 7&r )&+ 4i+/i/&+ #a9i&+ ,"( +( )( 7r(+(/a. C&97&(/(+ 4( "a r(4 ()#/ri#a@ 



 

#&97"/a4&ra 7(r+&a). I/(r;a#( +#i(#( &r+'&7K0. A97)i;i#a4&r 4( 7&/(#ia. S(+&r 4( v&)/a3(. F"(/( 4( v&)/a3(. R(+i+/(#ia+. Ca)(+ 4( #&(i=.

ACTI/IDADES:

N!"o@ 7"/& 4( #&(i= 4( /r(+ & 9*+ #&4"#/&r(+ Ra#a: 7&r#i= 4( #ir#"i/& #&97r(4i4a e$%re "os $!"os Malla@ Cir#"i/& #(rra4& ;&r9a4& 7&r varia+ ra9a+ "i4a+ (/r( +<.

Tabla 0 )resis%e$cia e$ serie+ i$icial: 0.01056A N"9(r& 4( 9(4i#i&( + R(+i+/(#i a >&'9i&?

Le&es "e Kirc'o(( )es%!"io "e la corrie$%e el*c%rica e$ la re"+ 1. C&+(rva#i= 4( )a #ar:a ()#/ri#a ( )a r(4 >$ ( #"a),"i(r 7"/& 4( )a 9i+9a. 2. C&+(rva#i= 4( )a ((r:
2



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K

K.5

K.6

K.51

K.5

K.50

A*)i+i+

Va)&r 7r&9(4i&

R(+i+/(#i a >&'9i&?

K.86

5.796 560

I 1=

M*%o"o "e a,licaci-$

1

=0.01035

0.01035 −0.01086 0.01035

IA/N >2016? 2

∗100 =−4.927 A

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA Se1!$"a ac%ivi"a"

La ;.(.9. (+ () v&)/a3( ,"( 7"(4( (/r(:ar )a ;"(/( ( va#<&% (+/& (+% +i #ar:a & r(+i+/(#ia ,"( a) #(rrar () #ir#"i/&% )a 9i+9a 7r&v&,"( "a #&rri(/( I. Si E (+ )a ;.(.9. 4( )a ;"(/(% )a 9i+9a /i(( "a r(+i+/(#ia i/(ra r ,"(% #& () #ir#"i/& ai(r/&% a) & #ir#")ar #&rri(/(% & 7r&4"#( #a<4a 4( )a /(+i=. S"7&:a9&+ ,"( #&)&#a9&+ (/(ra9(/( "a r(+i+/(#ia R % (+ 4(#ir ,"( 4i#'a r(+i+/(#ia "a )&+ 7&)&+ 7&r ;"(ra 4( )a ;"(/(. La r(+i+/(#ia /&/a) 4() #ir#"i/& +(r
SE2UNDA ACTI/IDAD i$icial: 0.0121A N"9(r& 4( 9(4i#i&( + R(+i+/(#i a >&'9i&?

1

2

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1.28

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K

1.

1.2

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Va)&r 7r&9(4i&

R(+i+/(#i a >&'9i&?

1.

R T 9 r  R Y )a #&rri(/( +(r
1.334 100

I 2=

=0. 01334

I 9 E;)Rr+

0.01334 − 0.01421 0.01421

∗100 =−6.122

Da4& ,"( (i+/( (+a r i/(ra 4( )a a/(r
A

/r 9 I
E/&#(+ )a /(+i= & 4i;(r(#ia 4( 7&/(#ia) BAJO CARGA (/r( 7&)&+ +(r*@

i$icial: 0.002A N"9(r& 4( 9(4i#i&( + R(+i+/(#i a >&'9i&?

/ 9 E=/r 9 E=)E;)Rr++0=r;)Rr+?4 1 1.06

2

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K

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.06

A*)i+i+

Va)&r 7r&9(4i&

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1.0

1.04 330

I 3 =

E) va)&r 4( )a F.E.M 7(r9a(#( #&+/a/(% 9i(/ra+ ,"( / 4(7(4( 4() va)&r 4( I ,"( #ir#")( 7&r () +i+/(9a.

@4= Oc'o ba%er7as "e li$%er$a co$ec%a"as e$ serie %ie$e !$a F4E4M "e 0@ vol%ios a,roBi#a"a#e$%e a la "e !$a ba%er7a "e a!%o#-vil 5Po"r7a$ !%iliarse ,ara arra$car !$ a!%o#-vil co$ la ba%er7a "escar1a"a8

=0. 00315

0.00315 − 0.00327 0.00327

Si (+ 7&+i)(% #&(#/a4& )a ;"(/( ( +"+ r(+7(#/iv&+ 7&)&+ 7&4r(9&+ a)i9(/ar 4( ((r:
∗100 =−0.0367 A

34= Las (!e$%es "e e$er17a "e al%o vol%ae a veces se "isea$ i$%e$cio$al#e$%e ,ara %e$er !$a resis%e$cia i$%er$a bas%a$%e 1ra$"e co#o #e"i"a "e se1!ri"a" 5Por !* es #6s se1!ra !$a (!e$%e co$ resis%e$cia i$%er$a 1ra$"e !e o%ra "el #is#o vol%ae ,ero #e$or resis%e$cia i$%er$a8

CUESTIONARIO 04 5C!6l es la "i(ere$cia e$%re la F4E4M4 "e !$a ba%er7a & la "i(ere$cia "el ,o%e$cial el*c%rico e$%re s!s %er#i$ales8

IA/N >2016? 3

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA E) v&)/<9(/r& 4(( /((r "a r(+i+/(#ia )& 9*+ a)/a 7&+i)(% (+/& (+ 7ara (vi/ar ,"( +( 7r&4"#a #&+"9&+ 4( #&rri(/( i/(r&+% $a ,"( 4( & +(r a+< 4ar
co$ec%a$ e$ serie e$ la re" 5Por !* e$ !$a "e ellas ar"era co$ #a&or brillo8

G4= 5.!e es #e$os ,eli1roso: co$ec%ar !$ a,ara%o "e 00H vol%ios e$ !$ circ!i%o "e @@H vol%ios o co$ec%ar !$ a,ara%o "e @@H vol%ios e$ !$ circ!i%o "e 00H vol%ios8 EB,licar ,or !e

4= EB,li!e el (!$cio$a#ie$%o "el #e"i"or "i1i%al.

E+ 4(i4& a )a #a/i4a4 4( 7&/(#ia ,"( #&+"9(% (+/& 'a#( )a 4i;(r(#ia (/r( ,"( ri))( 9*+ & 9(&+.

L&+ 9(4i4&r(+ 4i:i/a)(+% /a9i #&&#i4&+ #&9& P9(4i4&r(+ i/()i:(/(+P & P9(4i4&r(+ avaa4&+P +& 4i+7&+i/iv&+ ,"( r(:i+/ra a"/&9*/i#a9(/( () #&+"9& ()#/ri#& $ 4( a:"a $ )"(:& (/r(:a ()(#/r=i#a9(/( (+a i;&r9a#i= a )a (97r(+a 4( +(rvi#i&+ ( i/(rva)&+ r(:")ar(+.

S(: (+/a ;=r9")a% " ar/(;a#/& ,"( r(,"i(r( 4( 2.200 v&)/i&+ 4( ((r:
E+/&+ 9(4i4&r(+ ri4a 4a/&+ +(:"r&+ ,"( 7"(4( 9&+/rar () #&+"9& P9*i9&P $ ai+)ar a7a:&(+. L&+ "(v&+ 9(4i4&r(+ 7(r9i/( ,"( OUC 9i4a 9(3&r () #&+"9& 9i(/ra+ ri4a a )&+ #)i(/(+ i;&r9a#i= 7r(#i+a 4( ;*#i) a##(+&.

4= Ac%!al#e$%e se a"!iere$ (ocos a'orra"ores "e HJ & J "isea"os ,ara ali#e$%arse co$ !$a (!e$%e "e @HH vol%ios 5Por c!6l "e ellos ,asara la corrie$%e #as al%a8

0H4=U$o "e los !sos #6s i$%eresa$%es "el ,!e$%e "e 'ea%s%o$e es e$ las co#,a7as %ele(-$icas: co$ *l se localia (allas e$ las l7$eas 4A!$!e ellas se 'alla$ ,ro"!ci"os a varios Qil-#e%ros "el labora%orio "o$"e se e(ec%a la #e"ici-$4 Tra%e "e co$se1!ir !$a eB,licaci-$ a"ec!a"a4

La #&rri(/( 9*+ a)/a 7a+ara 7&r () ;&#& 4( 100. A7)i#a4& )a ;&r9")a VI% 7(r& #&9& (+/a9&+ ( " #ir#"i/& 4( #&rri(/( 4ir(#/& & #&rri(/( a)/(ra "+a9&+  7&r . O/((9&+ ,"( 7&r () ;&#& 4( 100 7a+( "a #&rri(/( 4( 0.KA 9i(/ra+ ,"( ( () 4( K +&)& 0.H

&r 9"#'a+ #ir#"+/a#ia+ )a ai+)a#i= (/r( #&4"#/&r(+ 4( "a )<(a ()#/ri#a & 4( )&+ #&4"#/&r(+ #& r(+7(#/& a /i(rra & (+ 7(r;(#/a. Si(97r( (i+/( " 7"/& 4( 9<i9a ai+)a#i= #"$a i97&r/a#ia 4(7(4( 4() va)&r 4( )a r(+i+/(#ia 4( ai+)a#i=% 7ar*9(/r& ,"( 9i4( )a #a)i4a4 4( )a ai+)a#i=. C"a4& ( "a )<(a 4( /ra+9i+i=% 4i+/ri"#i= 4( ((r:9&&;*+i#a% /ri;*+i#a% #& & +i ("/r&% (/#.? & 4( /()(;&
4 Se %ie$e !$ ,ar "e bo#billas co$ec%a"as a !$a ba%er7a4 5rillara$ #6s si se co$ec%a$ e$ serie !e si se co$ec%a$ e$ ,aralelo8 5La ba%er7a se a1o%ara co$ #a&or ra,i"e si se co$ec%a$ e$ serie o e$ ,aralelo8 Bri))ara 9*+ +i (+/a ( 7ara)()&% $a ,"( &;r(#(r* 9(&+ r(+i+/(#ia. La a/(r
4= A #e"i"a !e se co$ec%a$ e$ seria #6s & #6s bo#billas a !$a ba%er7a 5.!* s!ce"e co$ el brillo "e ca"a !$a8

004= C!a$"o e$ casa se e$c'!(a !$a ,la$c'a el brillo "e las bo#billas "is#i$!&e4 5Por !*8

"(+ )a i/(+i4a4 4() ri))& 4i+9i"ir*% 4(i4& a ,"( (+/ar
D(i4& a ,"( )a #&rri(/( a'&ra +( 4i+/ri"$( & +&)& 7ara )a+ &9i))a+ +i& 7ara )a 7)a#'a.

4=Dos bo#billas "es%i$a"as a la #is#a %e$si-$ ,ero !e co$s!#e$ "is%i$%as ,o%e$cias se

IA/N >2016? 4

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA ,"( () 'i)& 4() ;"+i)( ;"4( ( "& 4( +"+ 7"/&+% $ +( #&r/a 7&r )% 7(r& 7(r9a(#i(4& )a+ 4&+ 7ar/(+ r(+/a/(+ ( () #a3(/<.

04 Dib!ar !$ es!e#a "e !$ circ!i%o ,ara al!#brar !$ ,asillo lar1o "e ,aso abier%o ,ara !e %o"o %i,o "e i$"ivi"!o al e$%rar a c!al!ier eB%re#o ,!e"a e$ce$"er la bo#billa & al salir ,or el o%ro eB%re#o ,!e"a a,a1arla4

0@4= 5Por!* los cor%ocirc!i%os oc!rri"os e$ !$a (6brica o casa ,!e"e$ 1e$erar i$ce$"ios8 La #&rri(/( (#"(/ra " #a9i& 4( 7a+& #"$a r(+i+/(#ia /i(4( a #(r&% 7&r )& ,"( )a #&rri(/( 4(9a4a4a /i(4( a i;ii/&. E) a"9(/& 4( #&rri(/( 7r&4"#( +&r(#a)(/a9i(/& ( )&+ ()(9(/&+ ()#/ri#&+ $ +i () ;a))& ()#/ri#& (+ 9a/(i4& $ & +( 4i+i7a () #a)&r :((ra4& +( 4ar* 7i( a) i#(4i&.

04 Es sabi"o !e !$a #a$era "e co$s%r!ir !$a ba%er7a es co$ !$a ,a,a4 EB,li!e c-#o es s! co$s%r!cci-$ & (!$cio$a#ie$%o4 La i4(a *+i#a 4( (+/( (7(ri9(/& +( a+a ( )a+ r(a##i&(+ r(4& >r(4"##i=-&i4a#i=?. L&+ #ir#"i/&+% ( #"a/& a )a Qa/(r
034 5Los (aros "e !$ %re$ "e car1a ca#io$es es%6$ e$ serie o ,aralelo8 5C-#o lo co#,r!ebas8 L&+ ;ar&+ +( (#"(/ra ( 7ara)()& (+ 7&r,"( +i97)(9(/( ,"( ( " #ir#"i/& +(ri( )a /(+i= +( /i(( ,"( r(7ar/ir (/r( )&+ ()(9(/&+ ,"( ;&r9a () #ir#"i/&. &r (3(97)& +i 7&(+ /r(+ &9i))a+ ( +(ri( $ )a+ a)i9(/a+ #& "a 7i)a 4( 8 V&)/i&+% )a /(+i= +( r(7ar/( (/r( )a+ /r(+ &9i))a+ $ a #a4a &9i))a )( ))(:ar
La 7a/a/a a#/a #&9& ()(#/r=)i/&% () *#i4& a+#=ri#& (+ () ()(9(/& ,"( #i(rra () #ir#"i/&. A) 4i+7&(r #&r( $ #i# ( "a 4i+&)"#i= 4( ()(#/r=)i/&% +( 7r&4"#( )a r(a##i= r(4& $ )&+ ()(#/r&(+ ;)"$( 4(+4( () #i# 'a+/a () #&r(% 7(r& ( r(a)i4a4 (+/& (+ a+/a/( )(/&. &r ())&% )&+ v&)/a3(+ &/(i4&+ 7&r 7a/a/a & +"()( +"7(rar )&+ 0%K V $ )&+ 0%2 9A >9i)ia97(ri&+?. E+/& & ))(:a a a4a% 7(r& #&)&#a4& )a+ 7a/a/a+ ( +(ri( >7ara a"9(/ar () v&)/a3(? $ 7&+/(ri&r9(/( 3"/a4& +(ri(+ 4( 7a/a/a+ ( 7ara)()& >7ara a"9(/ar )a #&rri(/(?% +( 7"(4( #&+(:"ir a/(r
E #a9i& ( " #ir#"i/& 7ara)()& a)i9(/a+ /&4&+ )&+ #&97&(/(+ #& )a 9i+9a /(+i=% 7&r (3(97)& ( () #ir#"i/& 4( a/(+ +i )a+ &9i))a+ )a+ 7&(+ ( 7ara)()&% #a4a &9i))a /(4r* )&+ 8 v&)/i&+ 4( )a 7i)a.

0G4 Si se (!$"e$ el ,lo#o e$ !$a i$s%alaci-$ el*c%rica 5C-#o sabre#os si ello (!e "ebi"o a !$ cor%o circ!i%o o si#,le#e$%e !$a sobrecar1a8 Si &+(rva9&+ ,"( +( 'a 7r&4"#i4& " #&r/&#ir#"i/& ( )a i+/a)a#i=% )a i/(+i4a4 ,"( r(#&rr( () ;"+i)( (+ /a ()(va4a ,"( (+/( +( v&)a/i)ia ( :ra 7ar/( $ ,"(4a () #a3(/< ((:r(#i4& 7&r )&+ '"9&+ 7&r )&+ '"9&+ 4(+7r(4i4&+. Si% 7&r )& #&/rari& )a i+/a)a#i= va +&r(#ar:a4a% )& i#& ,"( &#"rr( (+ IA/N >2016? 5

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA 04=5E$ !* co$sis%i- los eB,eri#e$%os "e Niels a$sse$ re(ere$%e a la ac!,!$%!ra & los io$es a%#os(*ricos 84 EB,li!e s!s res!l%a"os4 L&+ (7(ri9(/&+ 4( Ni()+ Ja++( +&r( )a a#"7"/"ra #&+i+/i= ( 4(9&+/rar #&9& )a a#"7"/"ra a7)i#a4a a )a ;<+i#a 9(3&ra )a +a)"4 4( )a+ 7(r+&a+. C"a4& +( /i(( " (#(+& 4( #ar:a+ 7&+i/iva+ +( +i(/( (+/r+% a+i(4a4% & a): &/r& 9a)(+/ar% 7ara (+/& +( a7)i#a )a a#"7"/"ra 'a#i(4& ,"( #& a:"3a+ i( ;ia+% "i#a4a+ +&r( () #"(r7&% a+&ra )&+ i&(+ (:a/iv&+ 4( )a a/9=+;(ra $ /ra+9i/i4&)& 'a#ia "(+/r& &r:ai+9& 'a#i(4& +(/ir a)ivi& $ r()a3&.

C&+/r"##i= 4( "a a/(r
04 5.!* es el #o$i%oreo "e corrosi-$8 5.!* variable (7sica "a"a e$ clase es a$alia"a e$ la corrosi-$8 Ci%e ee#,los4

E+/a a/(r
La 9(4i#i=% #&/r&) $ 7r(v(#i= 4( )a #&rr&+i= ( #a97& aar#a " a97)i& (+7(#/r& 4( a#/ivi4a4(+ /#i#a+. D(/r& 4( )a (+;(ra 4() #&/r&) 4( )a #&rr&+i= $ +" 7r(v(#i=% (i+/( 4i;(r(/(+ &7#i&(+ /#i#a+ #&9& )& +& )a 7r&/(##i= a=4i#a $ #a/=4i#a% )a +()(##i= 4( 9a/(ria)(+% )a i$(##i= ,"<9i#a $ )a a7)i#a#i= 4( r(#"ri9i(/&+ (/(r&+ ( i/(r&+. La 9(4i#i= 4( )a #&rr&+i=% 7&r +" 7ar/(% (97)(a &/ra vari(4a4 4( /#i#a+ 4(+/ia4a+ a 4(/(r9iar ," /a #&rr&+iv& (+ () a9i(/( 4() +i+/(9a $ a ,"( /a+a & ra7i4( +( (7(ri9(/a )a 7r4i4a 4( 9(/a). La 9(4i#i= 4( )a #&rr&+i= (+ " 9/&4& #"a/i/a/iv& 7&r 9(4i& 4() #"a) )a (;(#/ivi4a4 4( )a+ /#i#a+ 4( #&/r&) $ 7r(v(#i= 4( )a #&rr&+i= 7"(4( +(r (va)"a4a+ $ 7r&v((r )a r(/r&a)i9(/a#i= (#(+aria 7ara &7/i9iar)a+.

C&+a+ ,"( (#(+i/ar*+@ • •

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• • •

C)av&+ 4( i#. i(a+ 4( #&r( >7&r (3(97)&% a)a9r(% /"&+ & i#)"+& 9&(4a+?. U 7&#& 4( a)a9r(  #a)( >#&r/a4& ( /r(+ 7i(a+?. Ci/a ai+)a/(. U r()&3 4i:i/a)% 4( a3& #&+/& $ a a/(r
I+/r"##i&(+@ ri9(r&% " #)av& $ "a 7i(a 4( #&r( 4(( +(r 7r(+i&a4&+ ( )a 7a/a/a% 4( 9&4& ,"( (+/ 9"$ 3"/a+% 7(r& +i /&#ar+(.

M&i/&r(& &r R(+i+/(#ia E)#/ri#a >ER? E+/a /#i#a 9i4( () #a9i& ( )a r(+i+/(#ia ()#/ri#a >O'9? 4( " ()(9(/& 9(/*)i#& #&rr&<4& (7"(+/& a) 9(4i& a9i(/( 4() 7r&#(+&. La+ 7r&(/a+ ER 7r&v(( "a 9(4i#i= 4( )a 7r4i4a 4( 9(/a) 4( " ()(9(/& (7"(+/& a " a9i(/( #&rr&+iv&% a 4i;(r(#ia 4( )&+ #"7&(+% )a 7r4i4a 4( 9(/a) 7"(4( +(r 9(4i4a ( #"a),"i(r 9&9(/&% 9i(/ra+ )a 7r&(/a +( (#"(/r( +&9(/i4a a )a+ #&4i#i&(+ 4() 7r&#(+&.

Ua 7(,"(a 7ar/( 4( 9(/a) a 4(( (+/ar ;"(ra 4( )a 7a/a/a% 7ara ,"( +( 7"(4a #&(#/ar () a)a9r(. E () 7a+& +i:"i(/(% +( "( " (/r(9& 4( " /r&& 4( a)a9r( #& #i/a ai+)a/( a) /(r9ia) 7&+i/iv& 4() #&97ar/i9i(/& 4( )a a/(r
M&i/&r(& &r R(+i+/(#ia 4( &)aria#i= Li(a) >LR?

&r )/i9&% () a)a9r( +( ;i3a a) #&r( 4( )a +(:"4a 7a/a/a $ +( #&(#/a #& () 7&)& (:a/iv& 4() r()&3 4i:i/a).

La /#i#a LR +( a+a ( )a a7)i#a#i= 4( " 7&/(#ia) 4( 7&)aria#i= >109V? a " ()(#/r&4& ( +&)"#i=% ( () #"a)% )a #&rri(/( r(,"(ri4a 7ara IA/N >2016? 6

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA 9a/((r (+( 7&/(#ia) (+ 4ir(#/a9(/( 7r&7&r#i&a) a )a #&rr&+i= ( )a +"7(r;i#i( 4() ()(#/r&4& +"9(r:i4& ( )a +&)"#i=. M(4ia/( (+/a 7r"(a )a 9(4i#i= 4( )a v()&#i4a4 4( #&rr&+i= (+ i+/a/*(a. E+/( (+a$& +&)& +( 7"(4( 'a#(r ( 9(4i&+ a#"&+&+ ()(#/r&)
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E) 9&i/&r(& (+ () #&3"/& 4( /#i#a+ ,"( 7(r9i/( 4(/(r9iar )a v()&#i4a4 4( #&rr&+i= 4( )a+ (+/r"#/"ra+ 9(/*)i#a+% )a a:r(+ivi4a4 4() 9(4i& #ir#"4a/( $ )a #ara#/(ria#i= ;i+i#&,"<9i#a 4( )&+ ;)"i4&+ 4() 7r&#(+&. La varia)( ;<+i#a ,"( +( aa)i= ( #)a+( (+ )a r(+i+/(#ia ()#/ri#a.

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M&i/&r(& &r R(+i+/(#ia E)#/ri#a >ER?@ E+/a /#i#a 9i4( () #a9i& ( )a r(+i+/(#ia ()#/ri#a >O'9+? 4( " ()(9(/& 9(/*)i#& #&rr&<4& (7"(+/& a) 9(4i& a9i(/( 4() 7r&#(+&. La+ 7r&(/a+ ER 7r&v(( "a 9(4i#i= 4( )a 7r4i4a 4( 9(/a) 4( " ()(9(/& (7"(+/& a " a9i(/( #&rr&+iv&% a 4i;(r(#ia 4( )&+ #"7&(+% )a 7r4i4a 4( 9(/a) 7"(4( +(r 9(4i4a ( #"a),"i(r 9&9(/&% 9i(/ra+ )a 7r&(/a +( (#"(/r( +&9(/i4a a )a+ #&4i#i&(+ 4() 7r&#(+&.

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04= I$"i!e & eB,li!e ,or !* los valores "e resis%e$cia el*c%rica "e los %i,os ,ri$ci,ales "e s!elos e$ el Per4 Ti7&+ 4( +"()& 1.- D(+r/i#& >C&+/a &(+/(?@ Ar(&+& $ 9"$ *ri4&% ri#& ( +a)(+. N& a7/& 7ara )a 9a$&r C(/r&?@ Ar#i))&+& $ r&#&+&. A7/& 7ara )a a:ri#")/"ra 7(r& #& ;"(r/(+ vi(/&+ $ 7(4i(/(+. .- S()v*/i#& >E+/(@ S()va a)/a $ a9a=i#a?@ Li9&+&. A7/& 7ara )a a:ri#")/"ra i/i(ra/(.

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!"9(4a4@ C&vi(( r(#&r4ar ,"(% 7ara 7&4(r #&4"#ir )a #&rri(/( ()#/ri#a% )&+ ()(#/r&)i/&+ 4(( 7&4(r+( 9&v(r )ir(9(/( ( () +"()& 7&r ())&% (+ (#(+ari& ,"( (i+/a " iv() 9<i9& 4( '"9(4a4 4( a'< /a9i% )a r(#&9(4a#i= 4( %o#ar la #e"i"a a las "os 'oras "e 'aber realia"o !$ rie1o4

La ac%ivi"a" el*c%rica "el s!elo var7a a#,lia#e$%e e$ (!$ci-$ "e la "is%rib!ci-$ "e las sales "is!el%as (+ 4(#ir% 4( )&+ ()(9(/&+ "/ri/iv&+ a7&r/a4&+ #&@ )&+ ;(r/i)ia/(+% )a 9i(ra)ia#i= 4( )a 9a/(ria &r:*i#a% )a+ +a)(+ 7r(+(/(+ ( () +"()&% )&+ i&(+ a7&r/a4&+ #& () a:"a 4( ri(:&% )a ))"via " &/ra+ a7&r/a#i&(+ >7"ri(+% 7&r (3(97)&?. Por ello es $ecesario realiar varias #e"i"as a$%es "e %o#ar co#o re(ere$cia la #6s re,rese$%a%iva4 La 4i+/ri"#i= 4( )&+ ()(#/r&)i/&+ ,"( (i+/( ( () +"()& var
@H4= 5Por !* e$ el ca#,o el i$1e$iero !e a$alia la #e"i"a "e la resis%ivi"a" "el s!elo $o "ebe 1!iar %o%al#e$%e los valores "e las resis%ivi"a"es "e las %ablas e$ ca#bio ,ara !$ i$1e$iero !e %rabaa co$ #e%ales "ebe co$si"erar las resis%ivi"a"es !e es%6$ e$ las %ablas8 S(: () :ra;i#& () +"()& 4( )a #&+/a 7(r"aa va a /((r 9a$&r r(+i+/ivi4a4 ,"( () +"()& 4( )a +()va% $ (+/( 9a$&r ,"( () +"()& 4( )a +i(rra. D(i4& a )a+ +i:"i(/(+ #ara#/(r<+/i#a+@

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&r,"( " i:(i(r& ,"( (+/"4ia )&+ +"()&+ /i(( ,"( (;r(/ar )a+ 4iv(r+a+ varia)(+ 4( " 4(/(r9ia4& +"()&. Si (9ar:& " i:(i(r& ,"( /raa3a #& 9(/a)(+ +( )( (+ 9*+ +(#i))& /raa3ar 4(i4& a ,"( )a+ IA/N >2016?

7

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA r(+i+/ivi4a4(+ $a (+/* 4a4a+ 7&r )a 7"r(a 4() 9(/a).

#&rr&+i=. E+/( /i7& 4( #&rr&+i=% #&9& +( &+(rva 7r(+(/a 4(:ra4a#i= )&#a)ia4a ( )a +"7(r;i#i( 9(/*)i#a #r(a4& '(4i4"ra+ ,"( ( " 7ri#i7i& /i(( a+7(#/& 4( 7i#a4"ra.

@04= 5.!* es !$ %el!r-#e%ro8 EB,li!e s! (!$cio$a#ie$%o

La+ #&rri(/(+ va:a"4a+ +& #&rri(/(+ ,"( aa4&a () #&4"#/&r 7&r () ,"( +( /(
E) /()"r=9(/r& (+ " a7ara/& ,"( &+ 7(r9i/( r(a)iar )a 9(4i#i= 4( " SAT 7ara #&97r&ar +" #&rr(#/& ;"#i&a9i(/& +i(4& a+< () 7ri#i7a) i4i#a4&r 4() (+/a4& 4() 9i+9&. U /()"r=9(/r& (+ " (,"i7& 7r&;(+i&a) 7ara (;(#/"ar 9(4i#i&(+ ( Si+/(9a+ 4( "(+/a a Ti(rra ( 7ar*9(/r&+ 4( v&)/a3( $ r(+i+/(#ia.

La #&rr&+i= +( ;&r9ar* ( )a+ &a+ 4( +a)i4a 4( )a #&rri(/( ( )a+ ,"( () 9(/a) +( 7&)aria a va)&r(+ 9*+ 7&+i/iv&+ #(4i(4& ()(#/r&(+% #r(*4&+( )a+ &a+ a=4i#a+ $ #a/=4i#a+ $ 7&r /a/& )a 7i)a 4( #&rr&+i=. E+/( /i7& 4( #&rr&+i=% #&9& +( &+(rva 7r(+(/a 4(:ra4a#i= )&#a)ia4a ( )a +"7(r;i#i( 9(/*)i#a #r(a4& '(4i4"ra+ ,"( ( " 7ri#i7i& /i(( a+7(#/& 4( 7i#a4"ra.

Ti7&+  TELUROMERO ANALWGICO@ La ;&r9a $ 7r&#(4i9i(/& 7ara 9(4ir )a r(+i+/(#ia 4() 7&& (+ )a 9i+9a )a i#a 4i;(r(#ia (+ ,"( () va)&r &/(i4& )& 9ar#ar* )a a:"3a $ (+/( 4(7(4(r* 4( )a (+#a)a ,"( +( (+/ "/i)ia4&  TELURWMETRO DIGITAL@ S& )& ,"( a#/"a)9(/( +& 9a$&r9(/( "/i)ia4&+ $ +" "/i)ia#i= (+ 9*+ 7r(#i+a a) arr&3ar&+ " i#& va)&r ( () 4i+7)a$ ()i9i*4&+( a+< )&+ (rr&r(+ 4( 9(4i#i= 7&r 7ara)()a3(

@34= 5.!* so$ las corrie$%e va1ab!$"as o corrie$%es ,arasi%as8 Ci%e ee#,los as7 co#o las %*c$icas "e co$%rol & "is#i$!ci-$ "e los "aos !e 1e$era$

@@4= A$alice la resis%e$cia & la corrosi-$ ,ara !$a %!ber7a #e%6lica "e$%ro "el s!elo4 A$alice ,ara !$ s!elo arcilloso li#oso & are$oso4

C& r(+7(#/& a )a r(+i+/(#ia a 9a$&r *r(a +(a )a /"(r
La #&rr&+i= +( ;&r9ar* ( )a+ &a+ 4( +a)i4a 4( )a #&rri(/( ( )a+ ,"( () 9(/a) +( 7&)aria a va)&r(+ 9*+ 7&+i/iv&+ #(4i(4& ()(#/r&(+% #r(*4&+( )a+ &a+ a=4i#a+ $ #a/=4i#a+ $ 7&r /a/& )a 7i)a 4( #&rr&+i=. E+/( /i7& 4( #&rr&+i=% #&9& +( &+(rva 7r(+(/a 4(:ra4a#i= )&#a)ia4a ( )a +"7(r;i#i( 9(/*)i#a #r(a4& '(4i4"ra+ ,"( ( " 7ri#i7i& /i(( a+7(#/& 4( 7i#a4"ra.

@G4= 5.!* es la corrosi-$ 1alv6$ica8 5C-#o #o"i(ica la resis%ivi"a" "el #e%al8 5Se (or#a !$ circ!i%o8 EB,li!e La #&rr&+i= :a)v*i#a (+ " 7r&#(+& ()(#/r&,"<9i#& ( () ,"( " 9(/a) +( #&rr&( 7r(;(r(/(9(/( #"a4& (+/* ( #&/a#/& ()#/ri#&

La #&rr&+i= +( ;&r9ar* ( )a+ &a+ 4( +a)i4a 4( )a #&rri(/( ( )a+ ,"( () 9(/a) +( 7&)aria a va)&r(+ 9*+ 7&+i/iv&+ #(4i(4& ()(#/r&(+% #r(*4&+( )a+ &a+ a=4i#a+ $ #a/=4i#a+ $ 7&r /a/& )a 7i)a 4(

IA/N >2016? 8

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA #& " /i7& 4i;(r(/( 4( 9(/a) >9*+ &)(? $ a9&+ 9(/a)(+ +( (#"(/ra i9(r+&+ ( " ()(#/r&)i/& & 9(4i& '9(4&. ¬ C"a4& 4&+ & 9*+ 4i;(r(/(+ /i7&+ 4( 9(/a) (/ra ( #&/a#/& ( 7r(+(#ia 4( "C"a4& 4&+ & 9*+ 4i;(r(/(+ /i7&+ 4( 9(/a) (/ra ( #&/a#/& ( 7r(+(#ia 4( " ()(#/r&)i/&% +( ;&r9a "a #()4a :a)v*i#a 7&r,"( 9(/a)(+ 4i;(r(/(+ /i(( 4i;(r(/(+()(#/r&)i/&% +( ;&r9a "a #()4a :a)v*i#a 7&r,"( 9(/a)(+ 4i;(r(/(+ /i(( 4i;(r(/(+ 7&/(#ia)(+ 4( ()(#/r&4& & 4( r(4"##i=.

()(#/ri#i4a4 ,"( +( :((raa ( () 7r&7i& &r:ai+9&. I#)"+& 4(+7"+ 4( )a 9"(r/(% )&+ 9+#")&+ #&+(rvaa )a #a7a#i4a4 4( #&4"#ir () i97")+& ()#/ri#& $ r(a##i&ar a ). (r& +" #&)(:a A)(3a4r& V&)/a% /ra+ +(:"ir +"+ (7(ri9(/&+% #&97r&= ,"( )a 7r(+"/a ()(#/ri#i4a4 9"+#")ar +( 7r&4"#
@4=,ara el al!#bra"o ,blico 5los ,os%es "e l! cerca "e s! casa co#o es%6$ co$ec%a"os co$ res,ec%o a la s!bes%aci-$ el*c%rica8 5EB,li!e co$ !$ "ia1ra#a "el circ!i%o !e se (or#a8 L&+ 7&+/(+ (+/* #&(#/a4&+ ( ;&r9a 7ara)()a% +( 7"(4( a7r(#iar #& )a i9a:( 4( aa3& ,"( +( ii#ia ( "a #(/ra) 'i4r&()#/ri#a (+/( (+/a+ 7a+a )a #&rri(/( ()#/ri#a ( ;&r9a 7ara)()a 7(r& a)"9ra 9*+ ,"( ( +(ri( 7&r ())& )& 'a#( 9*+ i(+/a)(% +( 4(( /&9ar ( #"(/a ,"( ( &/r&+ 7a<+(+ +( 7&( () a)"9ra4& 7)i#& ( " )a4& 7ara)()& $ () &/r& ( +(ri( 7ara /((r " 9(3&r (,"i)iri& 4( )a #&rri(/( ()#/ri#a.

@4= A (i$ales "e la "*ca"a "e 0HH !$ ,ro(esor i%alia$o "e la a$a%o#7a L!i1i 2alva$i "esc!bri- !e los #!sc!los "e la ,ier$a "e !$a ra$a reci*$ #!er%a se ,o"r7a$ 'acer a %er#blar c!a$"o se so#e%e a !$a corrie$%e el*c%rica4 5.!* (e$-#e$o es s!1eri"o ,or el "esc!bri#ie$%o "e 2alva$i8 5.!* i#,or%a$cia ,rac%ica %ie$e es%o ,ara las ,erso$as !e %rabaa$ cerca "e circ!i%os el*c%ricos84

@4= 5.!* so$ los cascos "e se1!ri"a" "iel*c%ricos8 5C!6les so$ es,eci(icacio$es %*c$icas #7$i#as !e "ebe$ c!#,lir los cascos "e se1!ri"a" e$ c!a$%o a #a%erial "iseo (abricaci-$ ,ro%ocolo "e e$sa&os & ,r!ebas !e "ebe$ c!#,lir "e ac!er"o a las Nor#as Nacio$ales e I$%er$acio$ales "e Se1!ri"a"8 EB,li!e "e%alla"a#e$%e S& r(#"r+&+ ,"( +( (97)(a 7ara )a 7r&/(##i= 4() /raa3a4&r@

Ga)vai /&#= a##i4(/a)9(/( #& +" i+/"r< " :a#'& 4( r&#( 9i(/ra+ 4i+(#aa )a 7a/a 4( "a raa. E/&#(+ +( 7r&4"3& "a 7(,"(a 4(+#ar:a $ )a 7a/a +( #&/ra3& (+7&/*(a9(/(.

Ma/(ria)(+.- L&+ 9a/(ria)(+ a "+ar+( ( )&+ #a+#&+ 4( +(:"ri4a4% 7&4r* +(r 4( #"a),"i(r /i7&% +i(97r( ,"( r(+7&4a a )&+ r(,"i+i/&+ $ (+a$&+ 7r(vi+/&+ ( (+/a N&r9a. L&+ 9a/(ria)(+ ( #&/a#/& #& )a

M(4ia/( "a +(ri( 4( (7(ri9(/&+ +( #&v(#i= 4( )a (i+/(#ia 4( "a ;"(ra vi/a) ( ;&r9a 4(

IA/N >2016? 9

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA @4 5.!* es la corrie$%e "e (!1a !e se 1e$era$ e$ los cala"os !e !sa$ los %rabaa"ores8 EB,li!e s! (or#aci-$ as7 co#o la "is#i$!ci-$ "e la #is#a co$ $!evas %ec$olo17as "e cala"o4

7i() & #a())&+ &r9a)(+% & 4(( #a"+ar irri/a#i= & 4a& a):"&. DISEXO@ A)/"ra.- E) #a+#& /(4r* "a a)/"ra i:"a) & +"7(ri&r a 110 99.

&r () #&4"#/&r 4( 7r&/(##i= 4() #a)a4& #ir#")a #i(r/a #&rri(/( ()#/ri#a% (+/a #&rri(/( +( 4(&9ia &r9a)9(/( #&rri(/( 4( ;":a. E+/a+ ;":a+ 4( #&rri(/( +( 7r&4"#( a /rav+ 4() ai+)a9i(/& ,"( r&4(a a )&+ #&4"#/&r(+ $ 7&r )&+ ;i)/r&+ ,"( 7r&/(:( )&+ a7a/&+

L" La/(ra).- S(r* i:"a) & +"7(ri&r a 10 99. . L" V(r/i#a).- S(r* i:"a) & +"7(ri&r a 20 99. (+& T&/a).- E) 7(+& /&/a) 4() #a+#& $ +"+7(+i= & +(r* 9a$&r 4( K0 :.

E )& r(;(r(/( a) #a)a4& 4( +(:"ri4a4% 4((r(9&+ i4(/i;i#ar #)ara9(/(% $ +i i: :(r& 4( 4"4a+% +i () ri(+:& 4() ,"( ,"(r(9&+ 7r&/(:(r a) /raa3a4&r +( +&)v(/a (vi/a4& () 7a+& 4( #&rri(/( >i/(+i4a4? a /rav+ () #"(r7& '"9a& 9(4ia/( () ai+)a9i(/& 4() +"()& 7ara ,"( & +( #i(rr( () #ir#"i/& & 7r(#i+a9(/( a) #&/rari&% #&4"#i(4& )a #&rri(/( 7&r () #"(r7& '"9a& $ 4(+#ar:*4&)a a /i(rra.

A3"+/( 4() Ta;i)(/(.- E) /a;i)(/( +(r* a3"+/a)( $ variar* ( i#r(9(/&+ & 9a$&r(+ 4( 10 99 ROTOCOLOS DE ENSAYOS@ C&4i#i&(+ Di()#/ri#a+@ L&+ #a+#&+ 4( )a+ 4i;(r(/(+ #)a+(+ #"97)ir* #& )&+ r(,"i+i/&+ +i:"i(/(+ Ca+#&+ C)a+( QA.- S&7&r/ar* "a /(+i= 4( (+a$& 4( 2.2V% #&rri(/( a)/(ra% 60 #i#)&+% #& "a ;":a 9*i9a 4(  9A. Ca+#&+ C)a+( QB.- S&7&r/ar* "a /(+i= 4( (+a$& 4( 20V% #&rri(/( a)/(ra% 60 #i#)&+ 7&r  9i"/&+% #& "a ;":a 9*i9a 4( 8 9. A. N& 4(( 7r&4"#ir+( )a r"7/"ra 4() 4i()#/ri#& +&7&r/a4& 'a+/a "a /(+i= 4( 0V% #&rri(/( a)/(ra 60 #i#)&+. Ca+#&+ C)a+( QC.- N& /(4r* (i:(#ia+ ( )& r(;(r(/( a #&4i#i&(+ 4i()#/ri#a+. N& 4((r* "+ar+( ( )":ar(+ 4&4( (i+/( ri(+:&+ ()#/ri#&+.

E+a$& &7#i&a) 4( cala"o a$%ies%6%ico A 7ara )&+ #a)a4&+ 4( +(:"ri4a4% 7r&/(##i= $ "+& 7r&;(+i&a) #(r/i;i#a4&+ +(: )a &r9a+ UNE EN ISO @H3GG;;;:@HH. r(+(/a "a r(+i+/(#ia ()#/ri#a (/r( 0%1 $ 1.000MO'9. E+ () (+a$& 9*+ #&9 7ara ()i9iar )a+ #'i+7a+ (+/*/i#a+ ( )&+ (/&r&+ )a&ra)(+. E+a$& &7#i&a) 4( cala"o co$"!c%or C 7ara )&+ 9i+9&+ #a)a4&+ $ &r9a+ a/(ri&r(+. r(+(/a "a r(+i+/(#ia ()#/ri#a i;(ri&r a 0%1MO'9. A) 7r(+(/ar "a r(+i+/(#ia <;i9a% +(r* 9*+ a4(#"a4& 7ara )&+ /raa3&+ ( )&+ ,"( )a 7r&4"##i= 4( #'i+7a+ ()(#/r&+/*/i#a+ (+ #r
r"(a+ ,"( 4(( #"97)ir+(@  RESISTENCIA DIELECTRICA@ () #a+#& 4(( +&7&r/ar "a /(+i= 4( (+a$& 4( 0V-60!.% 4"ra/(  9i"/&+ #& "a #&rri(/( 4( ;":a 9*i9a 4(  9A.  ABSORCION AL IMACTO@ E) #a+#& a) +(r +&9(/i4& a) i97a#/& 4( K%KK:r-9. & 4(( 7r(+(/ar 4a& a):"&% 4(i(4& /ra+9i/ir "a ;"(ra i:"a) & i;(ri&r a K0 :.

Ca)a4&+ ESD )Elec%roS%a%ic Disc'ar1e+ +(: )&+ r(,"i+i/&+ IEC EN 03GH==0 4(+/ia4&+ a +(r "/i)ia4&+ 4( 9a(ra #&97)(9(/aria a &/r&+ (,"i7&+ 4(/r& 4( Zr(a+ 4( r&/(##i= E)(#/r&+/*/i#a >EA?. E+/&+ (/&r&+ 4( /raa3& +( 4a ( )a ;ari#a#i= 4( #ir#"i/&+ ()(#/r=i#&+ ( )&+ ,"( )a ()(#/ri#i4a4 (+/*/i#a 7"(4( #a"+ar 4(+7(r;(#/&+ ( )&+ 9i+9&+. L&+ +"()&+% r&7a% '(rra9i(/a+% 9(+a+% 9a,"iaria% a9i(/(% (/#. 4( (+/a+ *r(a+ /a9i +& ESD. L&+ (,"i7&+ ESD i#&r7&ra " i#&& i4(/i;i#a/iv& 4( #&)&r a9ari))& $ (:r&. E+ " #a+& 7ar/i#")ar 4( #a)a4& a/i(+/*/i#& PAP 4( a3a r(+i+/(#ia.

@ 5Si !$a l7$ea el*c%rica cae sobre !$ a!%o #ie$%ras co$"!ces85.!e se "ebe 'acer ,ara $o s!(rir "ao8 S( 4(( (+7(rar a , &#"rra () a##i4(/( "a v( ;ia)ia4& & /&#ar )a 7ar/( 4( )a #arr&#(r
IA/N >2016? 10

FÍSICA III


ENERO 2016-V

CIRCUITO DE CORRIENTE CONTINUA 3H4= C!a$"o el co$s!#o el*c%rico se eleva a veces se le a%rib!&e a la (!1a el*c%rica4 EB,li!e co#o el %*c$ico o i$1e$iero 'ace el a$6lisis a %rav*s "e !$ a#,er7#e%ro "e 1a$c'o e$ los cables "e ali#e$%aci-$ & $e!%ro cerca "e la caa "e s!#i$is%ro el*c%rico4

K - #&(#/ar () a97(r<9(/r& 4( 7ia & :a#'& ( )a+ )<(a+ 4( (/ra4a 7ri9(r& ;a+(% )"(:& ("/r& $ 7&)& a /i(rra 6 - a&/ar )a+ )(#/"ra+ 4( #a4a 7r"(a +i )a+ 'a$   +i "a 4( )a+ )<(a+ 4( (/ra4a /( 9ar#a% ( "a ;a+(% ("/r& & ( /i(rra r(vi+a (+a )<(a

1 - +i +( /i(( "a 7ia 7(ri9/ri#a 4( 0 a K00 a97(ri&+ a.#%

5  7"(4(+ 7r&ar)& #& () 7r&a4&r 4( #&/i"i4a4 ,"( /ra( () a97(r<9(/r& +i /i(( " 9(::(r 7r"(a () ai+)a9i(/& #&9& /( )& i4i#ar& )&+ &/r&+ a9i:&+.

2 - )"(:& +( a7a:a /&4&+ )&+ #ir#"i/&+ 4(+4( +"+ 4i+$"/&r(+ & r(#(r ( 7a() 7ri#i7a)   4(+#&(#/ar /&4&+ )&+ a7ara/&+ 4( )&+ /&9a #&rri(/(+

8  7ara ai+)ar () 4a& ( () ai+)a9i(/& & "/i)i#(+ /a7( ()#/ri#& & #i/a ai+)a/( &r9a) "/i)ia #i/a 9 #i/a v")#aia)( +#&/#' 10 #-    0 ;/

  a7a:ar /&4a+ )a+ )"#(+ 4(+4( )&+ r(+7(#/ivi/&+ i/(rr"7/&r(+ & a7a:a4&r(+.

10  +i /&4& (+/* i(% 7r"(a #&(#/a4& "& 7&r "& 4( )&+ #ir#"i/&+ $ 'a#i(4& )a+ 7r"(a+ ( ;a+(% ("/r& $ 7&)& a /i(rra )a+ 7r"(a+ i:"a) #&9& ( () 7a+& [ 5 ( (+/&+ #ir#"i/&+ 

'//7@.a)+7i.#&9+7ai+'#&rr&+i& ^209&i/&ri:^20>+7ai+'?.74;

CONCLUSIONES •

)&+ #ir#"i/&+ ( 7ara)()& &7&( 9(&r r(+i+/(#ia )a 7a+& 4( )a ()(#/ri#i4a4 7&r )& #"a) +& 9*+ a7)i#a4&+ 7&r )a i4"+/ria.

REFERENCIAS  



'//7@4(7ar/a9(/&."+.(+4;i+a719(+a;;i&)4Cir#CC.74; '//7@."#)9.(+7r&;(+&ra4&9aarra D&#"9(/&+a)"9&+()(#/r&/(#ia060E) (#/r&/(#ia-T(9a1.74; '//7@.9a7;r(.#&94&#"9(/a#i&7 ")i#&i15#a/a)&:&\i9a:((+:r"7&.#94 ]7a/'1066

IA/N >2016? 11

Corriente Electrica Continua

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