11.6 M5 Piping Design

Version 11.6

Module 5 Piping Design

Training Manual

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Contents

Session 1 ................................................................ 1-1 Pipework Modelling...................................................................................... 1-1 Objectives .................................................................................................. 1-1 Must Know Points ...................................................................................... 1-2 Piping in PDMS: Basic Concepts ............................................................... 1-3 Piping Specifications .................................................................................. 1-4 Setting the Appropriate Specification ......................................................... 1-4 Pipework Toolbar ....................................................................................... 1-5 Pipe Creation Form .................................................................................... 1-6 Pipe Branches............................................................................................ 1-7 Pipe Branch Heads and Tails..................................................................... 1-7 Pipe Branch Head / Tail Positioned Explicitly........................................... 1-10 Pipe Branch Head / Tail Connected ......................................................... 1-11 Pipe Branch Components (Pipe Fittings) ................................................. 1-12 Creating Branch Components (Pipe Fittings) ........................................... 1-13 Component Creation Form....................................................................... 1-14 Component Selection Form ..................................................................... 1-15 Branch Components List Order................................................................ 1-16 Arrive and Leave Points ........................................................................... 1-18 The Piping Application - A Worked Example............................................ 1-20 Exercise 1 (Creating a Second Branch) ................................................... 1-37 Exercise 2 (Building the Pipework)........................................................... 1-38 Exercise 3 (Completing the Pipework) ..................................................... 1-44 Exercise 4 (Replacing Components)........................................................ 1-45 Orientation and Positioning Components in Falling Pipelines .................. 1-46 Exercise 5 (Creating a Sloping Pipe) ....................................................... 1-48 Exercise 6 (Controlling the Pipe Slope).................................................... 1-49 Alternative Positioning Forms .................................................................. 1-52 Positioning Piping Items Relative to Other Design Items ......................... 1-53 Exercise 7 (Pipe Editing).......................................................................... 1-58 Copying Branches.................................................................................... 1-60

Session 2 ................................................................ 2-1 Data Consistency Checker .......................................................................... 2-1 Objectives .................................................................................................. 2-1 Must Know Points ...................................................................................... 2-1 Possible Types of Data Error ..................................................................... 2-3 Starting the Data Consistency Checks....................................................... 2-4 The Report Format..................................................................................... 2-5

Module 5 Piping Design – Issue 12/10/04

Contents-i

Contents

The Diagnostic Messages ..........................................................................2-5 Some Examples of Diagnostic Messages...................................................2-7 Exercise 8 (Data consistency check) ........................................................2-11

Contents-ii


Session

1

Pipework Modelling Pipe routing is probably the activity that consumes most time on any large project and it is also one, which causes the most problems. Pipe routing in PDMS has always been one of the major strengths of the system, as you will discover in this module.

Objectives At the end of this module, you will able to: •

Explain the basic concepts of pipes and branches.

•

Describe the use of piping specifications in PDMS.

•

Have a sound knowledge of branch heads and tails and the importance of component list order and flow direction within a branch.

•

Understand how to create, position and orientate piping components.

•

Describe all the functionality of the Create Components form.

•

Understand the catalogue point configurations for standard components.

•

Orient and position components in falling lines.

•

Understand more complex positioning with relation to other design items.


1-1

Error! No text of specified style in document.

Must Know Points The following points need to be understood by the trainees: •

Understanding of the basic hierarchy and what elements can be created.

•

How to navigate around the database.

•

Basic understanding of the concepts of attributes.

•

Origin (P0) points and axes.

•

Querying the current attribute settings.

•

How to change the settings of an attribute.

1-2



Piping in PDMS: Basic Concepts

Figure 1 There is a separate design hierarchy for pipe routing, as shown in Figure 1. In principle, each pipe element may own a number of branches. In turn, branches may own a number of piping components like valves and reducers. The difference between pipes and branches is that a branch is only considered to have two ends, while a pipe may have any number of ends, depending on the number of branches it owns. Figure 2 shows a pipe with three ends and two branches, where the second branch is connected to the first at the tee.

Branch 1

z

z z

Tee Branch 2

Figure 2


1-3


This brings in another rule that says that although a branch only has two ends, it may own components (in this case a tee), which connect to other branches. These simple concepts enable any number of piping configurations to be developed, and form the basis of all the PDMS Pipework you will encounter.

Piping Specifications In the same way that design offices have standard piping specifications, PDMS has a set of specifications from which you can choose. In fact all the components you will use in PDMS must be defined in the Catalogue and be placed in a Specification before you can use them. In the Training Project there are three such specifications: A1A-TRA

=

ANSI CLASS 150 CARBON STEEL

A3B-TRA

=

ANSI CLASS 300 CARBON STEEL

F1C-TRA

=

ANSI CLASS 150 STAINLESS STEEL

These specifications contain all the fittings you will require for the course exercises.

Setting the Appropriate Specification The first task when building a pipe is to decide which specification you are going to use. For the Training Project, the first letter in the pipe name represents the specification to be used. For example, the pipe /150-B-5 has the letter ‘B’ to represent the specification. The specification letters are as follows: A = /A1A-TRA B = /A3B-TRA C = /F1C-TRA Having decided on the appropriate specification, this is then set as an attribute of the pipe. Any subsequent branches will automatically be assigned with the same specification (although this can be re-specified if required). When you enter the Piping Application the Default Specification Form is displayed.

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Pipework Toolbar The Pipework Toolbar is used to Manipulate Pipes, Branches and Bran Components. The default Piping Specification can be reset using this Icon.

Used for the Creation of Pipes

Modifying Pipes

Display Piping Components Creation Form

Used for reselecting Piping Components.

A range of Piping Components can be deleted using this form.

Used to components.

Align

Used to Orientate Components.


1-5


Pipe Creation Form Pipes are created using the Create Pipe form, Pipes hold reference data for example the Piping, Insulation and Tracing Specs and Temperature. The Bore field indicated on the form is the nominal bore for this pipe and does not affect the pipe route.

1-6



Pipe Branches Branches serve two purposes: 1. They define the start and finish points of a pipe route (known as the Head and Tail in PDMS). 2. They own the piping components, which define the route. The position and order of the piping components below branch level determine the physical route. In PDMS you only ever need to consider the fittings, because the pipe that appears between fittings is automatically set (or implied) by PDMS according to the specifications of the fittings.

Pipe Branch Heads and Tails All branches need to have a start and end point. These can be a position in space (3D co-ordinates), the flange face of a nozzle, a tee or various other points in your design. Heads and tails are set up via a series of attributes that belong to the branch element.

Gasket 1 Flange Head is at face of Nozzle 1 Tail is at face of Nozzle 2

z z

Elbow Direction of Flow

Nozzle 1

z Elbow

Gasket 2

Nozzle 2

z Flange Figure 3


1-7


The attributes for heads of branches are: HPOS

The position in the zone where the branch starts.

HCON

The connection type of the branch end (Up to a 4 character code for flanged, butt weld, screwed, etc.).

HDIR

The direction in which the start of the branch is pointing (as if you were looking down the bore).

HBOR

The bore of the pipe (this can be metric or imperial).

HREF

The name of the item to which the branch head is connected (e.g. /C1101-N1). If this is not set, then the branch is open to the atmosphere for a vent or drain.

HSTU

This is a reference to the catalogue, which determines the material of the first piece of pipe, between the start of the branch and the first fitting (this still needs to be set, even if there is a fitting connected directly to the head).

The attributes for tails of branches are: TPOS

The position in the zone where the branch ends.

TCON

The connection type of the branch end (Up to a 4 character code for flanged, butt weld, screwed, etc.).

TDIR

The direction in which the end of the branch is pointing (as if you were looking back down the bore).

TBOR

The bore of the pipe (this can be metric or imperial).

TREF

The name of the item to which the branch tail is connected (e.g. /150-A-3). If this is not set, then the branch is open to the atmosphere for a vent or drain.

You do not need to specify each of these attributes every time you create a branch. On most occasions when you set a head or tail, you will be connecting to another pipe or to a nozzle. The act of connecting to another item sets all the attributes at once.

1-8



Used to position the Branch Head Explicitly

Used to connect the Branch Head


1-9


Pipe Branch Head / Tail Positioned Explicitly

When setting the Branch Head or Tail explicitly you need to specify each of the previously described branch attributes.

The Bore, Connection and Position are self explanatorily.

The Head Direction is the direction of the flow and the Tail Direction is opposite to the flow.

1-10



Pipe Branch Head / Tail Connected

Using the Pick Button the Name box can be filled; this is followed by the Connect Button, which make the connection and sets all the Branch Head or Tail Attributes.


1-11


Pipe Branch Components (Pipe Fittings) When you first define a head and tail for a branch, your branch will consist of one piece of pipe running in a straight line between the head and tail positions. This will appear as a dotted line between the two points unless the head and tail are aligned along a common axis and have the same bore. (The dotted line indicates that branch route is geometrically incorrect.)

Head

Tail

Figure 4 The next step in designing a pipe is to create and position a series of fittings, which define the pipe route you require. Just as on a drawing board, you need to decide which piping components are needed in order to satisfy the requirements of the process. The components must be arranged so that the pipe meets its design needs. However, unlike on the drawing board, you do not need to know any fitting dimensions, PDMS derives these automatically from the catalogue. To create piping fittings, you need to select an item from the list of fittings available to you from the associated piping specification. Typical types of fitting available are Elbows, Tees, Reducers, Flanges, Gaskets and Valves etc. There is some intelligence build into the PDMS forms so that by placing for example a valve the associated Gaskets and Flanges will also be created. For all piping components, you will need to carry out the following steps: Select the component from the piping specification, position the component and set the orientation. There tube is not created explicitly it is created automatically or implied by placing fittings.

1-12



Creating Branch Components (Pipe Fittings)

The “Component Types” list shows the piping components that are available in the current piping specification, which was set at the Pipe and Branch level.

You could select components alternative specification if required.

from

an

Components are created by selecting the required fitting from the list.


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Component Creation Form

The Component Creation form shows details of all the Sub-Type available. For example a Flange may be Slip-on, Weld Neck, Screwed or Blind. You will be required to select the Sub-Type you require.

Items are created in order with or against the flow of the pipe.

A tick box is available to allow the adjacent components to be created. This is very useful for creating the flanges of in-line flanged components.

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Component Selection Form The Component Selection form can be used if it is necessary to change an existing component Sub Type or Spec. If the component has a different fitting-tofitting length it can be reconnected using the Reconnection Button.

The form can also be used for changing the component Spec.


1-15


Branch Components List Order With equipment and structures, the order in which you create items is of no importance to the final outcome. With piping components, the order in which they are laid out, as well as their individual positions and orientations, determines the final pipe route.

To help with this a Component Position Pointer is displayed. Below is an example Members list showing the components of a branch /100-B-1/B1

As you can see by default there is no TUBE in the explorer window, this can be shown by changing the Explorer setting Settings > Explorer

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The below example shows the Explorer Window with the Tube Shown.

When using PDMS the list order will become second nature to you after you have created a number of branches, but for the time being you should be aware of it and should consider carefully where your next item is going to be inserted by watching the Component pointer and Design Explorer. When you are creating a component at the pipe branch head or pipe branch tail you must ensure that you are positioned at the Branch.


1-17


Arrive and Leave Points Piping components have P–points (similar to those for equipment primitives). The significance of p–points is two–fold. First, they define the connection points, and second, they determine the branch flow through the component by means of Arrive and Leave attributes. For the reducer shown in Figure 9, you will see that the large end is at P1 and the small end is at P2. If you use this component to increase the bore of the branch, the flow in the direction of the branch will be from P2 to P1. In order to tell PDMS the flow direction you want, you set two numeric attributes, Arrive and Leave, to the p– point numbers you want. In this case, Arrive would be set to 2 and Leave would be set to 1. (The default is Arrive 1 Leave 2). This is included just for intrest as the forms and menus will handle all connections. Z

P2

Z

P2 Y Y

P3

P0

X

X

P1

P1

Figure 9 – Reducer Z

X

Figure 10 - Couplings/Nipples Z

Y

Y P2

P0

P0 P1

X

P2

P1

Figure 11 - Bends/Elbows

Figure 12 – Nozzles

Z

P2

Z Y

P2 P1

P0

Y P0

X

X P1

Figure 13 - Caps/Plugs/Blind Flanges

1-18

P3

Figure 14 - Tees/Branch Fittings/Olet Fittings



P2 Y z

P0 z

z

P1

Figure 15 – Flange

z P3 X

Figure 16 - Gate Valve/Ball Valve etc.

Figure 17 - Check Valve


1-19


The Piping Application - A Worked Example The tasks of setting up pipes, branches and components are simplified by the use of forms and menus. The main thing to remember when using the application is which specification you are currently using as a default. The course exercises will illustrate different means of pipe routing by giving examples of many of the situations you will encounter. The following worked example demonstrates how to build Pipe /100-B-8, Branch /100-B-8/B1 and the piping component build sequence.

Figure 18

1-20



BRANCH /100-B-8/B1 showing input sequence Function Design Pipework

Form and Location >

Notes The first time you enter the Pipework application the Default Specification Form will be displayed

Select spec A3BTRA

(A3B-TRA has been specially modified to help with the training.)

Create > Zone

Create hierarchy in which branch is to be routed.

or Navigate to the existing Pipe Zone (/PIPE.ZONE)

You may have created a piping zone /PIPE.ZONE earlier.

Create>Zone

Set Zone Purpose to PIPE Display the Pipe Creation Form from the Show pipe creation form Icon on the Pipework Toolbar


1-21


Function Enter the Pipe Name 100-B-8 Select the Bore 100

Form and Location

Notes The Pipe Spec. will automatically be selected from the default spec selected earlier it should be set to /A3B-TRA

Select the Apply Button

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Function

Form and Location

After pressing Select Change Head Connection Apply button on previous form


Notes We are going to connect the Branch Head and Branch Tail to Equipment Nozzles.

1-23


Function

Form and Location

Notes

After pressing the Use the Pick Button to set the Name to Once you have connected the Change button Nozzle D1201/N3 Branch Head the on the previous previous Pipe form form. will again be displayed. Connect each end of branch to its termination point (head and tail)

In the same way as you set the Pipe Head position select the Pipe Tail to nozzle P1501A/N1

This leaves a “dotted” line joining the head and tail

The form can be Once the name is set use the Connect dismissed or Button to set the pipe head connection. docked for use later. Display the Pipe Component Creation Form from the Show pipe creation form Icon on the Pipework Toolbar

1-24

Note where possible we will create the main pipe route and add valves and other inline fittings later.



Function

Form and Location

We are going to Select Flange connect a Flange and associated Gasket to the Branch Head, which is in turn connected to a Nozzle.


Notes PDMS will select an appropriate Gasket so we will select a Flange from the Component Types.

1-25


Function

Form and Location

Notes

In the Design Select the Weld Neck Flange (WNF), Explorer you will ensure the component creation is With be set at the Flow and the Auto. Create Adjacent button is Ticked. Bran.

Using the same form we will select a Weld Neck Flange for the Pipe Tail.

In the Design Explorer navigate back up to Branch Level.

Change the creation form to Against Flow

Select Connect

You should now have a Gasket and Flange at the Branch Head and the Branch Tail.

1-26



Function

Form and Location

Notes

We will now Select the Dotted Pipe using the LH create our first Mouse button. Elbow after the Flange that is connected to the Branch Head.

Using Quick Pipe Router.

Select Model Editor Icon from the Main Menu Form

Using the LH Mouse Button drag the Pipe Route Handle Down 500mm and release the mouse button.


1-27


Function

Form and Location

Notes

Drag the West Handle any distance in the west direction

The Blob (or Sphere) on the branch will be deleted automatically later in the tutorial so it can be left for now.

1-28

Note: - The Blob will appear in the member list as an Elbow



Function

Form and Location

The RH Mouse Button Options shown here are only to illustrate that they are available.

Notes The Change in direction created will be created as an elbow this could be changed to a Bend (if there are bends available in the spec) using the Component Choice pull down that can be displayed when in Model Editor Mode. Other options are also available from this pull down and some will be used later.

Exit Model Editor Mode by deselecting the Model Editor Icon We are now going to create an Elbow at the flange connected to the Pipe Tail

Navigate to the flange on the Branch Tail using the LH Mouse Button.


Note the Component Pointer moves to the Flange to indicate where the next component will be created. The Display shows the component creation is against flow from the last time we used the Component Creation form.

1-29


Function

Form and Location

The component Elbow Selection Form Creation Form will still be displaying Flanges.

Notes Select a 90Deg. Elbow (EA) Make sure the creation is Against Flow.

Select the Choose Button and reselect Elbow

Select Connect

1-30



Function

Form and Location

Note: - The World Co-ordinates are displayed at the bottom of the main graphics window.

We will now position the elbow through a North Position of N 302600 by dragging the Elbow using Model Editor Mode.

Fine adjustment can be obtained using the up and down arrows on the keyboard.

Rotate the elbow through 180 Deg.

Model Editor increment are adjusted as shown

Notes

Selection > Set Increments


The default setting is 50mm and 5mm for fine adjustment.

1-31


Function

Form and Location

Notes Note: -

We will now create a Tee and position it through W 303575

The Tee will be created with Creation Against the Flow and the Configuration set to leave by the offline leg (P3).

Make sure you have selected a 100NB Equal Tee.

Select Connect Using Modify Mode Drag the Tee through W 313575

1-32



Function

Form and Location

Notes

We will now complete the pipe route using complete in Quick Pipe Route Mode

First Select the Dotted Part of the Pipe and enter Modify Mode.

Select Feature Snapping by Pressing F Whilst in Modify Mode


1-33


Function

Form and Location

Notes

Drag one Arrow over the other Arrow using the Right Hand Mouse Button

Release the Mouse Button and select Complete

We will now place 2 Gate valves in the branch

We will move the valves to the correct position later in the exercise.

Select a Gate Valve on the Components Creation Form Use Place and identify Branch Leg for Valve

1-34



Function

Form and Location

As there is a choice of Flanges the Flange Component Creation form is displayed.

Notes Choose another GATE valve in a similar way.

Select Weld Neck Flange (WNF) and Done


1-35


Function

Form and Location

Notes

We will now move the Valve and its connected components Fitting to Fitting with the second Elbow in Modify Mode.

Make sure you are not in Feature Snap Mode using the F button whilst in Modify Mode.

You can connect the Flange to the elbow.

You can also rotate the Valve in its axes.

1-36

It is possible to move the valve assembly to other legs in the branch, these are indicated in blue.



Exercise 1 (Creating a Second Branch) To complete the pipe create a second Branch that connects the tee to the second pump, build up the Branch components as before. Remember you can connect Flanges and quick root elbows. Make sure when creating your components you have set the Create Components Form to the correct Branch using the button.


1-37


Exercise 2 (Building the Pipework) Start to build up the Pipework on the plant. Refer to the drawings for positions and components required along each pipe. Remember to select the correct specification for each pipe. In general, the naming convention of the pipes is built up from pipe size, the third character of the specification (A3B-TRA) and a line number. Initially, create the following pipes:

Pipe 80-B-7 When you create this pipe if the Nozzles are correct, i.e. both the same size and inline the tube will be implied and displayed. You should only need to create the flange connections, remember this is done by being positioned at the branch level in the Design Explorer.

Pipe 150-B-6 The Flanges and elbows at both the Head and Tail of this pipe should be created fitting to fitting. The elbows are rotated as required using Modify Mode. This is quite a simple pipe so it could easily be routed using quick route mode. The First elbow is rotated using Modify Mode to face East.

1-38



Pipe 250-B-5

The Elbow can be lifted in-line with the next item in the branch using The Align selection / component Icon Reducers are created in a similar way to Tees; make sure you select the correct Icon when selecting the bore.


1-39


Pipe 200-B-4 The bottom section of this pipe has a small offset of about 15 Deg. The two bottom elbows should be lined using Align selection / component as described earlier.

The Elbow can be directed to face towards the next elbow using the Direct selection / component Icon.

Navigate to the next Elbow and direct it in a similar way using the Direct selection / component Icon.

100-C-13 This pipe must be routed to piping spec F1C-TRA as it is stainless steel, the pipe head can be connected as we have done before. The pipe tail however must be created explicitly. To set the Branch Tail select the Tail Detail Change button on the Create Pipe Branch form.

1-40



Set the details as shown on the form The connection type should be set to OPEN as the pipe will have an open end. The Direction is set to W as this is the opposite direction to the pipe run direction.

We are going to be routing the pipe onto the Pipe Bridge the steelwork for this pipe bridge will be created using the macro !!traRunMacro('pipeway.pmlmac'). Navigate to a Structural Zone or create one /STRU.ZONE. Open a command line Display > Command Line in this command line type !!trarunracro('pipeway.pmlmac') make sure it is typed in lower case, the steelwork will now be have been created. Create the Gasket, Flange and the first two elbows as we have done before. We will now create the third elbow and position the Bottom of Pipe (BOP) onto the steelwork. This is performed in Quick Pipe Router Mode with feature snapping enabled (F).


1-41


Select the dotted part of the pipe in Model Editor Mode. Make sure feature snapping is enabled (F) Slide the mouse over the steelwork, when you are positioned over Top of Steel (TOS) pline and extended route handle will be displayed. Select 1/2 OD behind Pline Feature, this will place the BLOB with BOP on TOS. Continue the pipe in Quick Router Mode, the pipe can be finished using Auto Complete.

150-A-57 This pipe should be routed using /A1A-TRA which is a 150# Carbon Steel specification. The Pipe Tail of this pipe will be connected to the suction of pumps P1502A and P1502B, which has 300# Flanges. As there are no 300# flanges in our piping spec we are going to select them from spec /A3B-TRA this is done by setting The Alternative Spec.

1-42



On the Component Creation Form Select the Use Alternative Spec. button Select…

Once the alternative spec has been selected the Use Alternative Spec. Tick Box will be activated.

Set the Alternative Spec A3B-TRA and Done

Once an alternative spec is selected you can toggle between the Branch Spec or Alternative Spec.

Create the Gasket and Flange at the Pipe Tail from the alternative spec.

Make sure you also tick the Use Alternative Spec box on the component creation form.


1-43


Exercise 3 (Completing the Pipework) Attempt the rest of the pipes in any order, your Trainer will offer assistance as required.

1-44



Exercise 4 (Replacing Components) In this exercise we will replace components using the Component Selection Form. Display Pipe /100-B-1 We will change the GATE valve indicated to a GLOBE Valve.

Select the Show pipe component select form Icon

Select the Globe valve (GLOB) the valve will be reselected. As the Globe Valve is a different size the Reconnection button is activated. To reconnect all the associated components select the Reconnection Button.

The Globe valve is displayed.


1-45


Orientation and Positioning Components in Falling Pipelines The example we looked through previously involved only orthogonal pipelines, that is, all lengths of tube were either horizontal or vertical. In practice, you often need to include lengths of tube, which slope at angles between components. We will now see how this is done. AVEVA 90Deg Elbows are capable of having a variable angle they are not fixed at 90deg. Variable angle elbows can be directed to the angle of the slop.

In the example below a tee has been added to the falling line to demonstrate how an offset error would be introduced. This error is corrected in PDMS using variable angle zero radius bends.

1-46



Bends are normally made from tube so adding a bend would only effect tube length and as the bend we use has no radius the effect is negligible; bends made from tube do not appear on the isometric material list. The following example shows how bends are used to correct falling lines. The first example shows the tee still falling with the main branch; a bend is used at the start of the new bran to reduce the offset error.

In this next example the tee is horizontal and two bends are used one at each side to correct the fall.

You should always check contract procedure to establish how to design slopping pipes.


1-47


The Auto Slope form lets you set the leave direction either up or down of each elbow in a branch. You can specify the slope either as a rate of fall or as an angle.

Exercise 5 (Creating a Sloping Pipe) Navigate to branch 1 of pipe /100-C-13. In the piping application select Modify > Slop…

Leave the fall to 1/100

Select OK

PDMS will now step through each elbow in the branch. You are required to select the slop for each elbow.

In each case select YES indicating the slop is up.

As the pipe is open ended finishing at the battery limit the following form is displayed.

As we wish the pipe end to remain in the same place we will select NO

The pipe will now be slopping this can be checked using Query > General as we have done earlier. You should find the elbow direction to be of the form N 0.5729 U.

1-48



Exercise 6 (Controlling the Pipe Slope) We are now going to add a tee, a new branch and a bend to correct the slope of pipe /100-C-13 that we have just made slope.

Add a Tee to 500mm from the 3rd elbow. Use the RH Mouse Pull Down so you can set it 500 from the change in direction

As you will remember from previous discussion the P3 leave direction of the tee will not be directly up.

Create a new branch and connect the pipe head to the tee The first item in this new branch must be a bend, Create a bend and select the Variable Angle and Radius bend in the choose form Set the Radius Define and 0.00

Your branch should look like this.


to

We will now need to direct the bend up to remove the offset.

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To direct the Bend up use Orientate > Component > Leave from the main top pull down.

Set the Direction to be U and tick the Change Angle Box.

Add an elbow and position it 1000mm from the Bend.

Use Orientate Component Slop to set the slop of the Elbow.

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Set the Slop to Up and apply the Form

Figure 19 – Orientate>Component>Slope The PL of the elbow will now be slopping if you check this the angle should be Direction N 0.5729 U.


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Alternative Positioning Forms

Figure 20 – Position>Component>Plane Through

The Plane Through form lets you position the current element using a specific coordinate, as in this example, or by using the cursor, or with respect to any other previously positioned item.

1-52



Positioning Piping Items Relative to Other Design Items You often need to position a piping component so that it, or its attached tube, is either just touching, or is a fixed distance from, another element in the design (another piping item, a structural beam or column, etc.). Until now we have always identified the position of a piping item by reference to its centreline (more strictly, its origin or P0). For relative positioning, it is often more convenient to use one of the extremities of the item as the reference, such as the top–of–pipe (ToP) or bottom–of–pipe (BoP), as we shall see in the following examples.

Figure 21 - Position>Component>BoP/ToP (Infront)

Note: BoP/ToP in this context refer to the same point, namely the furthest side of the component. Thus, the form settings Top of Pipe Clearance 50 Infront ID Cursor would achieve the same result. This applies in both forwards and backwards modes.


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Figure 22 - Position>Component>BoP/Top (Behind) Note: As in the preceding example, BoP/ToP here refer to the same point. Thus, the form settings Top of Pipe Clearance 50 Behind - D Cursor would achieve the same result. For non–orthogonal pipelines, the following options are applicable:

Bottom of Pipe Clearance 50 Onto ID Cursor

constrained centreline

50

/BEAM picked with cursor

50

Bottom of Pipe Clearance 50 Under ID Cursor

1-54



Figure 23 - Positioning Onto/Under another Item


Bottom of Pipe Clearance 50 Infront ID Cursor

50


50 Bottom of Pipe Clearance 50 Behind

ID Cursor

Figure 24 -Positioning Infront/Behind another Item

Figure 25 - Position>Component>Clearance (Infront)


1-55


Note: The form settings Clearance achieve the same result in this example.

50

Onto

ID Cursor

would

Figure 26 - Position>Component>Clearance (Behind) Note: The form settings Clearance result in

5

Under

ID

this

would achieve the same example.

For non–orthogonal pipelines, the following options are applicable:

Clearance 50 Onto ID Cursor


50


50

Clearance 50 Under ID Cursor

Figure 27 - Positioning with Clearance Onto/Under another Item

1-56




Clearance 50 Infront ID Cursor 50


50 Clearance 50 Behind

ID Cursor

Figure 28 - Positioning with Clearance In-front / Behind another Item


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Exercise 7 (Pipe Editing) Continuing from the elbow created in the previous exercise we are going to create two more elbows but this time we are going to position the elbows relative to the steelwork. Set-up the design display to include pipe /100-C-13 and the pipe bridge steelwork /PIPEWAY

Create a new elbow and position it 300mm after the column / Use Position > Component > Plane Clearance

Set the form as shown

Select Apply and Identify Column /COL-B3

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Your elbow should be positioned as shown.

Direct the Elbow leave to point up. Another elbow is created and positioned so that the bottom of pipe is resting on the steelwork. Position > Component >BOP/TOP

Select Apply and Identify beam /AB4H


1-59


Copying Branches If you have branches of a pipe that contain similar components you may copy a complete branch then move it into position. To

create

a

copy,

select

the

branch

to

be

copied

then

choose

Create > Copy > Offset This will display the Copy form we have seen earlier. Complete the form then select OK. You will need to reconnect the branch head and tail and also rename the new branch.

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Session

2

Data Consistency Checker This module shows you how to check the logical consistency of your design data, enabling you to find and correct the most common types of design error. You will normally carry out data consistency checks before you run the clash detection facilities. It is more convenient to do a data check on individual pipes than to do the whole Plant in one go. There may be too many errors to sort out at once.

Objectives At the end of this module, you will able to: •

Understand the difference between errors and warnings .

•

Describe clearly some of the more common errors.

•

Run a check to screen or file.

•

Specify Parameters and Tolerances.

•

Understand most of the diagnostic messages.

Must Know Points The following points need to be understood by the trainees. •

The importance of correctly positioned and orientated piping components

•

How components are connected and the significance of different connection types

•

How tube is manipulated within a design sequence.


2-1

Data Consistency Checker

•

2-2

How elements can reference each other



Possible Types of Data Error The data consistency checking utility, available within DESIGN’s Piping and Structural applications, checks the following aspects of your design (piping examples shown): Angular Alignment Checks that components which are to be connected together are aligned in the same direction: PA is W30N

N

PL is E

Axial Alignment Checks that components which are to be connected together are aligned on a common axis: N

offset axes

Consistent Bores Checks that components which are to be connected together have consistent bores: Leave Bore 50

Arrive Bore 100

Connection Types Checks that components which are to be connected together have compatible connection types: Flange connection

Screwed connection

Minimum Tube Length Checks that no length of tube is less than a prescribed minimum (which may depend on its bore). Component A

Component B

Tube too short to allow for practical assembly


2-3


Starting the Data Consistency Checks To carry out data consistency checking from within the Piping application, select Utilities>Data Consistency. You will see the following form:

By using this form, you can generate a diagnostic report on the data consistency of any part of your design. You may list the report on your screen (in the area in the lower half of the form), or you may send it to a file from which you can print a hard copy version. Select Terminal or File and, in the latter case, specify the directory and filename. Choose the hierarchic level at which you want to check the design using the Check list near top left of the form. The default is the current element. Specifying Parameters and Tolerances The data checking utility allows a margin of acceptable error before it diagnoses that you may have a problem. These built–in tolerances have default values, but you may set your own values if you prefer. As an example, by default your report will warn you of all lengths of tube in your design which are shorter than 100mm. This allows you to decide whether each such length is adequate for welding procedures, bolt withdrawal, access, and so on. You can change the acceptable minimum length from 100mm, and may set different minima for up to ten different pipe bore ranges if you wish. For example: A minimum length of 150mm for bores between 25 and 50.

2-4



A minimum length of 300mm for bores between 50 and 100. To change any of the consistency check tolerances, use the appropriate Parameters button on the form (Piping for our current examples). You will see a subsidiary form on which you can change any of the current tolerances before carrying out the data checks.

The Report Format The report comprises a header, giving the date and time, followed by an itemised list of the elements being checked, together with numbered diagnostic messages describing any potential problems. For example: DATE 11 FEBRUARY 99 TIME 14.12 PIPE /PIPE2 BRAN /PIPE2/B1 B 10 TAIL REFERENCE NOT SET END If no problems are found, you will see the message: *** NO DATA INCONSISTENCIES ***

The Diagnostic Messages You will find a full list of the data consistency diagnostic messages, each identified by a reference number, in the DESIGN Reference Manual. With experience, you will be able to identify which messages indicate errors which must be corrected, and which are merely warnings of potential problems. As an example, we will consider the design feature shown below, namely a Pipe to Pipe connection, and will look at some of the messages which might result.


2-5


A230

GASK

HEAD

D430 (On GASK)

FLAN

FLOW

PArrive

GBD

TAIL

HCONN FBD

PLeave

TCONN GBD

FBD

E730 (On FLAN)

B230

PIPE A

PIPE B

The connection as shown is a valid one. If any of the connection types were changed, you might see the following messages: A230 CONNECTION TYPE HCONN NOT SAME AS TERMINAL CONNECTION TYPE The connection types FBD-FBD in this example must be the same. B230 CONNECTION TYPE TCONN NOT SAME AS TERMINAL CONNECTION TYPE The connection types GBD-GBD in this example must be the same. D430 BAD ARRIVE CONNECTION TYPE The connection types GBD-FBD in this example must be listed as compatible in the COCO tables. E730 LEAVE CONNECTION TYPE (of the Flange) NOT COMPATIBLE WITH TCONN The connection types FBD-GBD in this example must be listed as compatible in the COCO tables.

2-6



Some Examples of Diagnostic Messages The following examples explain the significance of some of the messages you might see during this training course: Branch–Specific Diagnostics Branch Head Errors The following diagnostics apply only to the Head of a Branch: A 10 HEAD REFERENCE NOT SET The Head reference should only be unset (i.e. zero) if the Head Connection Type HCONN is set to OPEN, VENT, CLOS or DRAN. A 20 HEAD REFERENCE POINTS TO NONEXISTENT ELEMENT This error would result from the deletion of a component, such as a Nozzle, to which the Head of the Branch was originally connected. A 30 BAD HEAD RETURN REFERENCE The Head is connected to an element that does not refer back to the Branch. This can occur when the Head of a Branch is connected to another Branch, implying that a Tee should be placed somewhere along the second Branch. The error can also occur when two or more branches are inadvertently connected to the same terminal. A200 DIRECTION HDIR NOT SAME AS TERMINAL DIRECTION If the Head is connected to a terminal, such as a Nozzle or Tee, then the direction HDIR should always be identical to that of the appropriate p–point of the terminal. A210 POSITION HPOS NOT SAME AS TERMINAL POSITION If the Head is connected to a terminal, such as a Nozzle or Tee, then the position HPOS should always be identical to that of the appropriate p–point of the terminal. A230 CONNECTION TYPE HCONN NOT SAME AS TERMINAL CONNECTION TYPE If the Head is connected to a terminal, such as a Nozzle or Tee, then the connection type HCONN should always be identical to that of the appropriate p–point of the terminal. A300 REFERENCE HSTUBE UNSET There is more than 1mm of tube between the Head and the p–arrive of the first Component (or the Tail), but HSTUBE is unset. A310 REFERENCE HSTUBE REFERS TO A NONEXISTENT SPCOM This may occur if part of the Specification has been deleted. A320 HSTUBE PROBLEM, CATREF IN SPCOM IS UNSET This indicates an error in the Specification.


2-7


A330 HSTUBE PROBLEM, CATREF IN THE SPCOM REFERS TO NONEXISTENT Catalogue COMPONENT This may occur if part of the Catalogue has been deleted or if the CATREF is unset. A400 HBORE NOT SAME AS BORE OF HSTUBE The bore of any tube leading from the Head, determined from the Catalogue, should always be identical to HBORE. A410 HCON NOT COMPATIBLE WITH CONNECTION TYPE OF HSTUBE The connection type of any tube leading from the Head, determined from the Catalogue, should be compatible with HCONN. A420 ISPEC REFERENCE POINTS TO NONEXISTENT ELEMENT This error would occur if, for example, the Insulation Specification pointed to by ISPEC had been deleted. Branch Tail Errors The same type of errors may occur to the Tail of a Branch. The message numbers are the same as for the Head errors but are preceded by a B. For example: B 10 TAIL REFERENCE NOT SET The Tail reference should only be unset (i.e. zero) if the Tail connection type TCONN is set to OPEN, VENT, CLOS or DRAN. Plain Branch Errors The following diagnostics can occur only for Branches with no piping components: C500 TUBE TOO SHORT BETWEEN HEAD AND TAIL The distance between the Head position, HPOS, and the Tail position, TPOS, is greater than zero and less than the specified minimum tube length (default: 100mm). C510 BAD HEAD TO TAIL GEOMETRY Either the Head position, HPOS, does not lie at a positive distance along the line through TPOS in the direction TDIR or the Tail position, TPOS, does not lie at a positive distance along the line through HPOS in the direction HDIR. The following illustration shows some typical examples:

2-8



C520 HBORE NOT SAME AS TBORE When there are no components on the branch, the Head bore, HBORE, should be identical to the Tail bore, TBORE. C530 HCONN IS NOT COMPATIBLE WITH TCONN This implies that the Head is connected directly to the Tail with no Tube or piping components in between; hence the Head connection type, HCONN, must be compatible with the Tail connection type, TCONN. C540 THIS BRANCH HAS NO COMPONENTS This does not necessarily indicate an error. It is output as a warning. Component–Specific Diagnostics The following errors apply to individual piping components and, in some cases, to their adjacent connections. Some of the errors also apply to Nozzles. All–Component Diagnostics These are applicable to any component, regardless of its position in the network: D100 REFERENCE SPREF UNSET This probably means that you have forgotten to choose the piping component correctly. D300 CONN REFERENCE NOT SET Multi–way Components may be left unconnected only if the connection type of the relevant p–point is OPEN, CLOS, VENT, DRAN or NULL. D310 CONN REFERENCE POINTS TO NON–EXISTENT BRANCH This may occur if the Branch which is pointed to by the CONN reference has been deleted.


2-9


D320 BAD CONN RETURN REFERENCE This may occur if the Branch which is pointed to by the CONN reference has been reconnected to another terminal. D400 ARRIVE TUBE LESS THAN TUBE MINIMUM. ACTUAL TUBE LENGTH IS ... The distance between the arrive p–point of this component and the leave p–point of the previous component (or Head) is greater than zero and less than the specified minimum tube length (default: 100mm). D410 BAD ARRIVE GEOMETRY The position and direction of the arrive p–point of this component are not correct with respect to the leave p–point of the previous component (or Head). The error could be caused by incorrect positioning of this component, the previous component (or Head) or both. The following illustration shows some typical examples:

z

z

z

z

z z

D420 BAD ARRIVE BORE The bore of the arrive p–point of this component is not equal to the bore of the preceding tube or, if this component is not preceded by tube, to the bore of the leave p–point of the previous component (or HBORE). D430 BAD ARRIVE CONNECTION TYPE The connection type of the arrive p–point of this component is not compatible with the preceding tube or, if this component is not preceded by tube, to the connection type of the leave p–point of the previous component (or HCONN). D500 REFERENCE LSTUBE UNSET You have probably forgotten to select the piping Component. D600 LEAVE BORE NOT SAME AS BORE OF LSTUBE

2-10



The bore of the leave p–point of this Component is not the same as the bore of the tube following the Component. D610 LEAVE CONNECTION TYPE NOT COMPATIBLE WITH CONNECTION TYPE OF LSTUBE The connection type of the leave p–point of this Component is not compatible with the tube following the component. End–Component Diagnostics These are applicable only to the last component in a Branch: E700 LEAVE TUBE LESS THAN TUBE MINIMUM. ACTUAL TUBE LENGTH IS ... The distance between the leave p–point of the current component and the tail position, TPOS, is greater than zero and less than the specified minimum tube length (default: 100mm). E710 BAD LEAVE GEOMETRY The position and direction of the leave p–point of this component are not correct with respect to the position, TPOS, and direction, TDIR, of the tail. The error could be caused by incorrect positioning of this component, the Tail, or both. E720 LEAVE BORE NOT SAME AS TBORE The bore of the leave p–point of this component is not the same as the tail bore, TBORE. E730 LEAVE CONNECTION TYPE NOT COMPATIBLE WITH TCONN The connection type of the leave p–point of this component is not compatible with the tail connection type TCONN.

Exercise 8 (Data consistency check) Data consistency check all the pipes you have created so far. Try to correct any inconsistencies. Continue building the rest of the pipework, checking each one as you build it.


2-11

11.6 M5 Piping Design

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