FIBER OPTICS
Falcon manufacturers a range of Fiber Optic training systems, allowing students to study concepts, equipments and systems used in modern Fiber Optics communication. The Fiber Optics series consists of Fiber optic trainers and links based on LED & LASER source for Plastic Fiber as well as Glass Fiber, Professional Fiber Optics instruments, Fiber
Termination tools with various optical accessories. For simplicity we have configured three Fiber Optic labs which are self-sufficient in themself to expose the students in the field of Fiber Optics Technology at different levels. An interactive user-friendly e-Manual software is provided optionally with the fiber optic trainers, links and systems on CD.
FIBER OPTIC TRAINERS FCL ADV ADVANCE ANCE FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION LAB
FCL-03 is Analog & Digital Modulation / Demodulation kit which contains 660nm Fiber Optic transmitter, Pin Photo Diode with transimpedance amplifier & Photo Transistor with TTL logic output photo detectors as Advance Fiber Optics Communication Lab covers the fundamentals of Receiver, Modulation and Demodulation circuits and PC-to-PC Fiber Optics including properties of transmitter and receiver, communication interface. characteristics of Fiber Optics cable, LEDs and Detectors, various types of Modulation/Demodulation and Multiplexing/Demultiplexing techniques and PC-to-PC Communication by serial method. Ample number of FCL-04 FIBER OPTIC ADVANCE ADVANCE DIGITAL DIGITAL experiments can be performed with this lab by referring to the exhaustive COMMUNICATION KIT manual provided with the kit. This manual contains documentation on each and every experiment, data sheets of optical components used and circuit diagram of the complete kit. The lab consists of four separate kits. Two of these kits are used to perform Analog communication experiments and other two kits are used to perform Digital communication experiments using optical Fiber. Separate power supplies are provided so that simultaneously three batches of students can perform experiments on different sets. Function generator kits having necessary signals generated on them are also supplied along with this system.
FCL-01 FIBER OPTIC ANALOG TRANSMITTER KIT & FCL-02 FIBER OPTIC ANALOG RECEIVER KIT
FCL-04 is an Advanced Digital Communication kit designed to perform digital communication experiments using optical Fiber as transmission medium for data. It uses 660 nm red visible LED and TTL logic type output photo transistor as optical sensor. Optical link is designed to handle data rate of 512 KBits/Sec.
FG-01 FUNCTION GENERA GENERATOR TOR
FCL-01 is an Analog Transmitter kit which contains 660nm & 950nm Fiber Optic LEDs and modulation circuits. FCL-02 is an Analog Receiver kit which contains Pin Photo Diode with transimpedance amplifier & Photo Transistor with analog output; Fiber Optic detectors and demodulation circuits. FCL-01 and FCL-02 are used to perform analog experiments.
FCL-03 FIBER OPTIC ANALOG AND DIGITAL MODULATION & DEMODULATION KIT
FG-01 Function Generator is provided with Fiber Optic Communication Lab for supplying necessary signals to various driver stages, modulators and multiplexers used in the Trainers. Most commonly used signals like Sine wave, Triangular wave & Square waves are provided with variable and fixed frequency ranges. FG-01 is compatible with FCL-01 & FCL-02 trainer kits.
FG-02 FUNCTION GENERATOR
FG-02 Function Generator is provided with Fiber Optic Communication Lab for suppling necessary signals to various driver stages, modulators 34
FIBER OPTICS
and multiplexers used in the Trainers. Most commonly used signals like Sine wave, Triangular wave & Square waves are provided with variable and fixed frequency ranges. FG-02 is compatible with FCL-03 & FCL-04 trainer kits. FEATURES: · Fiber Optic Transmitter : 2 wavelengths (660nm & 950nm) · Fiber Optic Receiver : 3 types (Photo Diode, Photo Transistor with analog output & Photo Transistor with TTL logic output) · Fiber Optic transmission sensor · Fiber optic connector losses, bending and Propagation losses
·
Lateral, Longitudinal and Angular displacement effect NA measurement EMI comparison
·
Signal Strength Meter
·
Eye Pattern. Length measurement of Fiber Optic cable. Voice Communication. PC-to-PC communication Technique using RS-232 Interface.
· ·
· · · · · · · · ·
·
·
PRBS Generator. Bit Error Rate Mesurement. Channel &Bit Indication. Envelope Detector Noise Source. Modulation / Demodulation Techniques: 1. Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM). 2. Amplitude Modulation. 3. Intensity Modulation. 4. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). 5. Pulse Position Modulation (PPM). 6. Pulse Code Modulation using CODEC Chip. Multiplexing & Coding Techniques: 1. Analog TDM 2. Digital TDM 3. FDM 4. Manchester Coding / Decoding Switch Faults.
Reference Pulse Generator : Frequency Amplitude
: 660KHz, : 2 Volt.
Noise Generator Amplitude
: White Noise Source. : 0 to 5Vpp.
PRBS Generator Clock
: 16-Bit switch selectable. : 32, 64, 128 KHz.
Analog Bandwidth : 2 MHz. Modulation Techniques : · Pulse Amplitude Modulation (Variable clock of 16KHz & 32KHz). · Amplitude Modulation. i) Carrier Input: 1-500 KHz. ii) Modulating Input : 0.1-100 KHz. iii) Carrier Null : Adjustable. iv) Output Amplitude : upto 2Vpp. · Intensity Modulation. · Pulse Width Modulation (Variable clock ). · Pulse Position Modulation (Variable clock ). · Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) using Motorola MC 145502 CODEC Multiplexing: i)
4-Channel Analog Time Division Multiplexing & De-multiplexing. Clock Frequency: 32KHz, Duty Cycle 50%.
ii)
2 Channel FDM. Frequency Amplitude Frequency Modulator 1
: 1KHz, 2KHz. : 0 to 4 Vpp. : Variable Carrier Frequency from 1 to 15 KHz. Frequency Modulator 2 : Variable Carrier Frequency from 1 to 30 KHz. Mux Clock : 256KHz BandPassFilter1 &3 : Frequency range 8 to 12 KHz with 10KHz center frequency BandPassFilter2 &4 : Frequency range 18 to 22 KHz with 20KHz center frequency FM Demodulator : 2 Nos. PLL detectors i) Freq. 1 to 15KHz input signal upto 4Vpp. ii) Freq. 1 to 30KHz input signal upto 4Vpp.
iii)
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS: Trainer Kits : 4 Nos. · FCL-01 Fiber Optic Analog Transmitter Kit ·
FCL-02 Fiber Optic Analog Receiver Kit
· ·
FCL-03 Fiber Optic Analog And Digital Modulation/Demodulation Kit
·
FCL-04 Fiber Optic Advance Digital Communication Kit
8-Channel Digital Time division Multiplexing & Demultplexing. Data Rate : 512 Kbps. Coding/ Decoding : Manchester Coding / Decoding Technique. Frame Marker : Two 8 bit user selectable markers in alternate frames.
Signal Strength Meter: 8 LEDs to measure optical power strength. Amplitude Demodulation: Diode Envelope Detector with RC filter.
Function Generator : 2 Nos. FG-01 & FG-02.
Filters : 6 Nos.
Transmitter
: 4 Nos. (Siemens Fiber Optic LED-SFH 450V, SFH 756V) : 950 nm, 660 nm
4 order Butterworth Low Pass Filterwith 3.4KHz cutoff frequency.
: 5 Nos. (Siemens Photo Detector -SFH 250V, SFH350V,SFH551V)
Fiber Optic voice link using dynamic mic and speaker.
Wavelength Receiver
Photo Diode with responsivity of 0.3 mA/mW, Photo Transistor with responsivity of 80 mA/mW, Photo Detector with TTL logic output.
th
Voice Communication : Voice PCM: 2 Channels with Telephone Hand sets (A Law). Bit Error Rate Mesurement : 8 bit event counter with LED indication upto 255 count. 35
FIBER OPTICS
Audio Preamplifier: Input Impedance Voltage Gain
: 600 ohms. : 1 to 100.
PC to PC Communication using 660 nm LED using RS-232.
Connecting Plug Connecting Sleeve (Splice) Extra Jumper Caps RS-232 Cables Telephone Handset Screw Driver Copper Cable Experimental & Circuit Description Manual Power Supply
Baud Rate
OPTIONAL:
Audio Amplifier: Input Impedance
: 50 KW.
Output Voltage
: Adjustable.
Speaker
: 8W, 0.5 W.
PC-to-PC Communication: : Maximum 115200 Baud.
Fiber Optic Cable: Type length
: 01 Set. : 01 Set.
e-Manual Interactive Multimedia Software & Manual : 1000 micron Step Index, Multimode Plastic Fiber : 15cm (1 No.), 0.5meter (2 Nos.), 1meter (3 Nos.), 3meter (2 Nos.), And 20 meter (1 No.).
Switch Faults: 4 Nos. on FCL-01, 4 Nos. on FCL-02, 8 Nos. on FCL-03 and 8 Nos. on FCL-04 are provided. Test Points: 115 Nos. test points are provided at various stages to observe intermediate signals.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS USING FCL-01 & FCL-02: · · · · · ·
Interconnections: 2mm Banana Sockets Power Supply: 3 Nos. Double connector (FCL-01 & FCL-02), Single connector (FCL-03) and Single connector (FCL-04) (GND,+5V, +12V, -12V.)
·
FG-01 FUNCTION GENERATOR:
·
On-board Signals Sine, Square & Triangular Wave:
·
Frequency Range
·
Amplitude Fixed Frequency Sine Wave: i) Frequency ii) Amplitude
: 1Hz to 10Hz, 10Hz to 100Hz, 100Hz to 1KHz, 1KHz to 10KHz, 10KHz to 100KHz : 0 to 4Vpp : 250Hz, 500Hz, 1KHz and 2KHz : 0 to 4Vpp
FG-02 FUNCTION GENERATOR: On- Board Signals: Sine, TTL Square & Triangular Wave: Frequency Range : 1Hz to 10Hz, 10Hz to 100Hz, 100Hz to 1KHz, 1KHz to 10KHz, 10KHz to 100KHz Amplitude : 0 to 4Vpp (Except TTL Square Wave)
·
· · · · ·
Frequency Amplitude
: 2KHz : 0 to 4Vpp
ACCESSORIES OF FCL-01 to FCL-04: Red Short Links Red Long Links Crocodile Links Jumper to crocodile (2wire) Microphone & Speaker N.A. Jig & Steel Ruler Angular Jig & EMI Jig Fiber Optic Cable
: 38 Nos. : 02 Nos. : 12 Nos. : 03 Nos. : 01 No. Each. : 01 No. each. : 01 No. each. : 15 cm (1 No.), 0.5 meter with connector at one end (2 Nos.), 1 meter (3 Nos.), 3 meter (1 No.), 3 meter with connector at one
Initial fiber end preparation (Connectirization) Transmission through a gap between fiber. Fiber optic transmission sensors. Fiber optic reflection sensors. Measurement of Numerical Aperture. Study of losses in optical fiber : Measurement of propagation loss. · Measurement of bending loss. · Measurement of connector loss. · Study effect of Lateral & Longitudinal Displacement. Setting up Fiber Optic Analog link. Study of Pulse Amplitude Modulation (PAM) and Demodulation. Study of 4 Channel Time Division Multiplexing and Demultiplexing. Study of Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation. Measurement of length of fiber cable. To study effect of EMI interference on Copper medium and optical fiber medium. Study of characteristics of Fiber Optic LEDs and Detectors. Forming simple Fiber Optic voice link using MIC & Speaker. Effect of Switch Faults.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS USING FCL-03: · · · ·
Fixed Frequency Sine Wave:
36
end (2 Nos.), 20 meter (1 No.). : 02 Nos. : 01 No. : 11 Nos. : 02 Nos. : 02 Nos. : 01 No. : 01 No.
· · ·
Forming simple Fiber Optic analog link. Forming simple Fiber Optic digital link. Study of Pulse Width Modulation(PWM), its transmission over Fiber link and Demodulation to receive original signal. Study of Pulse Position Modulation (PPM), its transmission over Fiber link and Demodulation to receive original signal. Study of Frequency Division Multiplexing & Demultiplexing. Forming PC-to-PC communication link using Optic Fiber link and RS-232 Interface. Effect of Switch Faults.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS USING FCL-04: · · · · · · · · ·
Forming simple digital link at 660 nm. Time Division Multiplexing using 8 data channels. Framing in Time Division Multiplexing. Study of Marker in Time Division Multiplexing. Study of Manchester coding and decoding. Study of PCM coding and frequency response of a CODEC chip. Measurement of Bit Error Rate. Study of Eye Pattern. Effect of Switch Faults.
FIBER OPTICS
LINK-A FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION TRAINER KIT
Filter Circuit
th
: 4 Order Butterworth Filters with 3.4KHz cut-off frequency.
Voice Communication: Fiber Optic Voice Link using dynamic Mike and Speaker. PC To PC Communication: PC-to-PC Communication using 660 nm & 950 nm LED using RS-232 Baud Rate: Maximum 115.2 Kbps FIBER OPTIC CABLE: Type Fiber Lengths
: 1000 micron Step Index, Multimode Plastic Fiber : 1 & 3 Meters.
INTERCONNECTIONS : 2mm Banana Sockets. LINK-A is a Fiber Optic Trainer Kit designed to learn fundamentals of Fiber Optics including properties of transmitter & receiver, characteristics of Fiber Optic Cable, LEDs & Detectors, various types of Modulation/ Demodulation techniques and PC to PC Communication by serial method. Ample number of experiments can be performed with this by referring to exhaustive manual provided with the kit. FEATURES: · · · · · ·
· · ·
Fiber Optic Transmitter: 2 wavelengths. (660nm & 950 nm) Fiber Optic Receiver:2 types. (PIN Photo Diode, Photo Transistor detector). On-board Function Generator 1Hz to 10KHz. Fiber Optic Analog Link. Fiber Optic Digital Link. Modulation Techniques: Direct Intensity Modulation. · · Frequency Modulation. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM). · · Pulse Position Modulation (PPM). Voice Communication. PC-to-PC Communication using RS-232 standard. Switch Faults.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS: Transmitter Wavelength Receiver
: 2 Nos. Siemens Fiber optics LED. : 950 nm, 660 nm : 2 Nos. Siemens Fiber Optic Photo Detector. Photo Diode with responsivity of 0.3 mA/mW, Photo Detector with TTL logic output.
On-Board Signals: Sine Wave: Frequency Amplitude TTL-Square Wave: Frequency
: 1Hz-10KHz : 0 - 4 Vpp . : 1Hz-10KHz.
Modulation Techniques: · · · ·
Direct Intensity modulation. Frequency Modulation. Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) (Variable clock ). Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) (Variable clock ).
Analog Bandwidth : 2MHz. Digital Bandwidth : 5MHz.
SWITCH FAULTS: 8 Switch Faults are provided to study different effects on circuit. TEST POINTS: 24 Nos. test points are provided to observe intermediate signals. POWER SUPPLY: GND, +5V, +12V, -12V. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: Setting up a Fiber Optic Analog Link. · · Study of losses in Optical Fiber : · Measurement of Propagation Loss. Measurement of Bending Loss. · · Study of characteristics of Fiber Optic LED & Detector. Measurement of Numerical Aperture. · · Study of Frequency Modulation & Demodulation using Fiber Optic Link. · Setting up a Fiber Optic Digital Link. · Study of Modulation & Demodulation of light source by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) techniques. · Study of Modulation & Demodulation of Light source by Pulse Position Modulation (PPM) techniques. · Forming PC-to-PC Communication Link using Optical Fiber and RS232 Interface. Setting up a Fiber Optic Voice Link using Modulation techniques · mentioned in Above Experiments. Effect of Switch Faults. · ACCESSORIES: Red Short Links Red Long Links Crocodile Links Jumper to Crocodile Jumper Caps Numerical Aperture Jig Steel Ruler Polished Fiber Cable Microphone Speaker RS-232 cable Experimental Manual Circuit Description Manual Power Supply
: 10 Nos. : 02 Nos. : 02 Nos. : 03 Nos. : 05 Nos. : 01 No. : 01No. : 01 & 03Meter. : 01 No. : 01 No. : 02 Nos. : 01 No. : 01 No. : 01 No.
OPTIONAL: e-Manual Interactive Multimedia Software & Manual
37
FIBER OPTICS
LINK-B ADVANCE FIBER OPTIC COMMUNICATION TRAINER KIT
Amplitude
: 0 to 5Vpp.
PRBS generator
: 16 Bit switch selectable.
Clock
: 32, 64, 128 KHz.
Bit Error Rate Mesurement: 10 bit counter with LED indication, upto 255 counts. Multiplexing
: Time Division Multiplexing, 16 Channels (64 Kbits/Sec).
Frame Marker
: Two 8-bit user selectable markers in alternate frames.
Data Rate
: 1.024 MBits/Sec.
Voice PCM
: 2-channels Voice PCM with Telephone Hand sets (A Law).
Analog Bandwidth
: 300KHz.
FWHM Spectral Width: 100 nm. LINK-B is an Advance Fiber Optic Communication Trainer Kit designed to PC To PC Communication: learn the fundamentals of Fiber Optics including properties of Transmitter i) PC-to-PC Communication using 660 nm & 950 nm LED using RS-232 and Receiver, Characteristics of Fiber Optic Components, Bit Error Rate ii)Baud Rate : Maximum 115.2 Kbps measurement, Eye pattern observation, Manchester coding / decoding techniques and Voice Signal Transmission using CODEC Chip and FIBER OPTIC CABLE: Telephone hand sets. i) Type : 1000 micron Step Index, Multimode Plastic Fiber ii)Fiber Lengths : 1 & 3 Meters. FEATURES: SWITCH FAULTS: 8 Switch Faults are provided on board to study · Fiber Optic Transmitter : 2 Wavelengths.(660nm & 950 nm) · Fiber Optic Receiver: 2 types. (PIN Photo Diode, Photo Transistor different effects on circuit. · · · · · · · · · · ·
detector). On-Board Function Generator. N. A. Measurement. Fiber Optic Analog Link. Fiber Optic Digital Link. Pulse Code Modulation using CODEC Chip. Manchester Coding/ Decoding. 16-Channels Time Division Multiplexing. Two 8-Bit Marker. Channel Indication. Bit Indication. Noise Source. Bit Error Rate Measurement. PRBS Generator. Eye Pattern. Voice Communication. PC-to-PC communication using RS-232 Interface. Switch Faults.
TEST POINTS: 45 Nos. Test points are provided on board to observe intermediate signals. Interconnections Power Supply
: 2mm Banana Sockets. : GND,+5V,+12V,-12V.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: ·
Setting up a Fiber Optic Analog Link.
·
Setting up a Fiber Optic Digital Link.
·
Measurement of Losses in Optical Fiber : ·
Measurement of Propagation Loss.
·
Measurement of Bending Loss.
·
Measurement of Numerical Aperture.
·
Characteristics study of LEDs & Photo detectors.
·
Study of Time Division Multiplexing using 16 data channels.
·
Study of Framing in Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing.
·
Study of Marker in Time Division Multiplexing.
·
Measurement of Bit Error Rate.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
·
Study of Eye Pattern.
Transmitter Wavelength Receiver
·
Study of Manchester coding and decoding.
·
Study of PCM coding and frequency response of a CODEC chip.
·
Forming PC-to-PC Communication Link using Optical Fiber and RS-232 Interface
·
Effects of Switch Faults.
· · · · · ·
: 2 Nos. Siemens Fiber Optic LED. : 950 nm, 660 nm : 2 Nos. Siemens Fiber Optic Photo Detector. Photo Diode with responsivity of 80 mA/mW, Photo Detector with TTL logic output.
Modulation Techniques : Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) using Motorola MC 145502 CODEC Chip. Coding/ Decoding
: Manchester Coding/ Decoding Technique.
Noise Generator
: White Noise Source
38
ACCESSORIES: Red Short Links Red Long Links Crocodile Links
: 10 Nos. : 02 Nos. : 02 Nos.
FIBER OPTICS
Jumper to Crocodile Extra Jumper Caps N.A. Jig & Steel Ruler Fiber Cable Telephone Handset RS-232 Cable Experimental Manual Circuit Description Manual Power Supply
: 04 Nos. : 05 Nos. : 01 No. each. : 01 & 03 Meter. : 02 Nos. : 02 Nos. : 01 No. : 01 No. : 01 No.
On-Board Signal Generator : Sine Wave: Frequency Range Amplitude
: 1 Hz to 10Hz, 10Hz to 100Hz, 100Hz to 1KHz, 1KHz to 10KHz : 0 to 4Vpp.
Reference Pulse
: 660 KHz, 3.2V
Fiber Optic Cable: Type
OPTIONAL: FG-02: Function Generator. e-Manual Interactive Multimedia Software & Manual
LINK-C BASIC FIBER OPTIC TRAINER KIT
:1000 micron Step Index, Multimode Plastic Fiber : 15 cm, 3 Meter & 20 Meter.
Fiber Lengths
SWITCH FAULTS: 4 Switch Faults are provided on board to study different effects on circuit. TEST POINTS: 13 Nos. test points are provided on board to observe intermediate signals. Interconnections : 2mm Banana Sockets. Power Supply : GND,+5V,+12V, -12V. LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: ·
Measurement of Speed of Light.
·
Setting up a Fiber Optic Analog Link.
·
Study of Losses in Optical Fiber : ·
Measurement of Propagation Loss.
·
Measurement of Bending Loss.
·
Measurement of Numerical Aperture.
LINK-C is a Basic Fiber Optics Trainer Kit designed to experimentally measure the speed of light. The phase delay between transmitter and receiver pulse will determine the speed of light through the fiber. A 20MHz dual trace oscilloscope (not included in the kit) is required to make the measurements.
·
Characteristics study of Fiber Optic LED.
·
To study comparison of effect of EMI interference on Copper medium & Optical Fiber Medium.
LINK-C can further be used as an Analog Link to study the fundamentals of Fiber Optics, including characteristics of Fiber Optic Cable & Fiber Optic components. Facility is provided in Link-C to study the effect of EMI interference on optical fiber cable. It can be noticed that there is absolutely no effect of EMI interference on data transmitted through optical fiber cable. To enable students to understand this effect, it is demonstrated in this kit, that EMI interference is observed when medium of transmission of data is copper cable.
Red Short Links Crocodile Links (4 Big, 2 Small) Jumper to crocodile N.A. Jig & Steel Ruler Fiber Extra Jumper Caps Copper Cable EMI Coil Jig Experimental Manual Circuit Description Manual Power Supply
LINK-C can also be used for Analog communication for a small distance. FEATURES: · · · · · ·
Fiber Optic Transmitter : 1 No. Fiber Optic Receiver : 1 No. On-board Function Generator Speed of light detection. EMI Comparison. Numerical Aperture Measurement.
ACCESSORIES: : 10 Nos. : 06 Nos . : 02 Nos. : 01 No. Each : 15 cm, 3 Meter, 20 Meter each. : 05 Nos. : 01 No. : 01 No. : 01 No. : 01 N o. : 01 No.
OPTIONAL: e-Manual Interactive Multimedia Software & Manual
LINK-D PHYSICS OF FIBER OPTICS TRAINER KIT
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS: Transmitter
Receiver
Analog Bandwidth
: Siemens Fiber Optics LED. Peak wavelength of emission 660 nm Red visible (SFH 756V). : Siemens Fiber Optic Photo Detector PIN Photo diode with responsivity of 0.3 micro Amp/ micro Watt (SFH 250V). : 1MHz.
39
FIBER OPTICS
LINK-D is designed to learn physics of Fiber Optics including Fiber end preparation, connectorisation, coupling of two Fibers, light travelling around corners in an Optical Fiber, colour light travelling down an optical fiber, photodiode detecting light, LED output as a function of current, adjusting coupling efficiency of the photodiode, transmission of light between two Fiber, transmission through a gap between Fiber, Fiber Optic transmission sensor, reflection sensor, all kinds of losses like connector loss, bending loss, coupling loss etc. Ample number of experiments can be performed with this by referring to the exhaustive manuals provided with the kit. FEATURES: ·
On-board Function Generator.
·
Transmitter
: 1 No.
·
Receiver
: 2 Nos.
·
Fiber Optic Analog Link.
·
Fiber Optic Digital Link.
·
Signal strength indicator.
·
Fiber Optic transmission sensor.
·
Fiber Optic reflection sensor.
·
Measuring losses in the fiber : ·
Measurement of propagation loss. Measurement of connector loss.
·
Measurement of bending loss.
·
How connector loss is affected by fiber end quality.
·
·
Measurement of Numerical Aperture.
·
Setting up of Fiber Optic Analog Link.
·
Setting up of Fiber Optic Digital Link.
·
Setting of Fiber Optic Voice Link.
ACCESSORIES: Red Short Links Crocodile Links
:10 Nos. : 02 Nos.
Plastic Fiber 1 Meter (with connector) : 01 No. Plastic Fiber 4 Meter (without connector) : 01 No.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
N.A. Jig & Steel Ruler
: 01 No. Each
Transmitter
:1 No. LED.
Connection Sleeves (Splicing unit)
: 01 No.
Receiver
Peak wavelength of emission 635 nm Red visible. :2 Nos.
Simplex Plugs Microphone
: 02 Nos. : 01 No.
Speaker
: 01 No.
Experimental Manual Circuit Description Manual
: 01 No. : 01 No.
Power Supply
: 01 No.
LPT2023 silicon photodetectors. Modulation
: Intensity modulation.
Driver Circuit Analog Bandwidth
:Analog and digital configuration for 635 nm LED. :35KHz.
Digital Bandwidth
:50KHz.
On-Board Function Generator :
OPTIONAL: e-Manual Interactive Multimedia Software & Manual
Sine Wave & TTL Square Wave: FrequencyRange Amplitude
:1Hz to 10Hz, 10Hz to 100Hz, 100Hz to 1KHz, 1KHz to 10KHz :0 to 4Vpp. (Except Square)
LINK-E FIBER OPTIC TRAINER KIT BASED ON LASER DIODE AND GLASS FIBER
Voice Communication :Fiber Optic voice link using dynamic MIC & SPEAKER. Signal strength indicator: 8 LEDs provided to measure optical power. Fiber Optic Cable: Type
:1000 micron Step Index, Multimode Plastic Fiber
Fiber Lengths
:1 & 4 Meter.
Power Supply
: GND, +5V, +12V, -12V.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: LINK-E Fiber Optic Trainer Kit is designed to learn the fundamentals of Fiber Optics, based on LASER DIODE , which includes properties of LASER DIODE, multimode & single mode glass fiber.
·
Initial Fiber end preparation (Connectorisation).
·
Light travelling around corners in an Optical Fiber.
·
Coloured light travelling down an Optical Fiber.
·
Photodiode detecting light.
·
LED output as a function of a current.
LINK-E can be used to study VI characteristics of Laser Diode, Current v/s Optical Power of Laser Diode, Construction of Laser Transmitter with Automatic Power Control etc.
·
LED shining light into fiber.
FEATURES:
·
Adjusting coupling efficiency of the LED.
·
Adjusting coupling efficiency of the photo diode.
·
Laser Diode Characteristics like VI characteristics & Current versus Optical Power in APC Mode.
·
Transmission of light between two fibers.
·
Measurement of Lasing Threshold.
·
Transmission through a gap between fibers.
·
Driver circuit for Analog and Digital Configuration.
·
Receiver construction.
40
FIBER OPTICS
·
Laser Diode based Analog Intensity Modulation System.
Glass Fiber Cable Multimode with ST connector
·
Laser Diode based Digital Intensity Modulation System.
Glass Fiber Cable Singlemode with ST connector
: 01 Meter.
PC-to-PC Communication.
Experimental Manual Circuit Description Manual
: 01 No. : 01 No.
Power Supply
: 01 No.
·
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS: Transmitter : Laser Diode
: 1 No.
Adapter Wave Length
: ST : 1310 nm.
Fiber Output
: 0.8 mW.
Spectral Width Threshold Current
: 2 nm. : 12 mA.
PD Monitor Current
: 100mA.
: 01 Meter.
Optional: M100 Fiber Optic Power meter A-I/O Audio Input/Ouput Card e-Manual Interactive Multimedia Software & Manual
FIBER OPTIC LINKS
Analog & Digital Configuration driver circuit with APC. Laser Power Supply Circuit with Soft Start Facility. Receiver : Photodetector
: 01 No.
Adapter
: ST.
Operating Wave Length Band Width
: 1100 - 1650 nm. : 155 MHz.
Optical Sensitivity
: -38 dBm.
Optical Saturation Power
: -3 dBm.
PC to PC Communication using RS-232. Baud Rate
: Maximum 96 KBps Baud.
FIBER OPTIC CABLE: Type
: Glass Fiber, Multimode & Singlemode
Length of Fiber
: 01 Meter each.
Power Supply
: GND, +5V, +12V, -12V
Fiber Optic Analog and Digital Link consists of separate Transmitter and Receiver Modules packed in handy, rugged wooden casing with connectors for signal and power inputs and outputs. These links are used with plastic fiber and glass fiber for forming simple Analog & Digital Link. These links can be used for Analog and Digital communication for a small distance and project purposes for Educational as well as Industrial Prototypes. An exhaustive manual has been provided with the links, which provides detailed experimental procedure and complete circuit diagram of the links. An interactive user-friendly e-Manual software is provided optionally with these fiber links on CD. ·
AL-DL is a Fiber Optic Analog and Digital Link over visible red light transmitter (660nm) for transmission of Analog and Digital signals using plastic fiber cable. The maximum bandwidth for Analog application is 200KHz & for Digital application the maximum data rate is 1.2Mbps.
·
AL-01 is a Fiber Optic Analog Link over visible red light transmitter (660nm) using plastic fiber cable with a maximum bandwidth of 1MHz.
·
AL-02 is a Fiber Optic Analog Link over invisible infrared transmitter (950nm) using plastic fiber cable with a maximum bandwidth of 1MHz.
·
AL-03 is a Fiber Optic Analog Link over visible red light transmitter (850nm) using glass fiber cable with a maximum bandwidth of 2MHz.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS: ·
Principles of Semiconductor Laser Diode.
·
Study of characteristics of Laser Diode. ·
Measurement of VI Characteristic of Laser Diode.
·
Measurement of Lasing Threshold using Current versus Optical Power Characteristic (Requires M-100 Optical Power Meter).
·
Study of construction of Transmitter.
·
Study of construction of Receiver.
·
Setting up Fiber Optic Analog Link.
·
Voice Communication through Laser Transmitter & Receiver (Requires Audio I/O kit).
·
Setting up Fiber Optic Digital Link.
·
·
Forming PC to PC Communication Link using Optical Glass Fiber & RS-232 Interface.
DL-01 is a Fiber Optic Digital Link over visible red light transmitter (660nm) using plastic fiber cable at a maximum bit rate of 3.5 Mbps.
·
DL-02 is a Fiber Optic Digital Link over invisible infrared transmitter (950nm) using plastic fiber cable at a maximum bit rate of 1.2 Mbps.
·
DL-03 is a Fiber Optic Digital Link over visible red light transmitter (850nm) using glass fiber cable at a maximum bit rate of 10 Mbps.
·
DL-DUAL is a Fiber Optic Digital Link over visible red light transmitter (660nm & 850nm) using Plastic and Glass fiber cable at a maximum bit rate of 3.5 Mbps & 10 Mbps respectively. It can be used for comparative study of Glass and Plastic Fiber.
ACCESSORIES: Red Short Links Crocodile Links
: 05 Nos. : 02 Nos.
Jumper to Crocodile With 2 wire
: 01 No.
Jumper to Crocodile With 1 wire
: 02 Nos.
RS 232 CABLE
: 02 Nos.
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FIBER OPTICS
E K N I L . r e b m u N 1 0
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FIBER OPTICS
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43
FIBER OPTICS
E K N I L
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44
FIBER OPTICS
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45
FIBER OPTICS
FIBER OPTIC INSTRUMENTS AND TOOLS M100 FIBER OPTIC POWER METER
+/- 0.5 dBm (-55dBm to -65dBm). Calibrated Wavelengths
: 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm.
Calibration Certificate
: Calibration Certificate as per International Standard provided.
Environmental Characteristics: Operating Temperature
: -10°C to +50°C.
Storage Temperature
: -55°C to +65°C.
Power Requirements:
M100 Optical Power Meter is a low cost, high precision Fiber Optics power meter offering premium performance and features normally reserved for “high end” meters. Standard features include a 4 digit, 0.01 dB resolution display readout, Store Reference feature with unique references for each wavelength, Nonvolatile storage of reference values and setup conditions, Extended battery life, Low battery detection, Auto shutoff/ power save mode, temperature compensated circuitry, 70dB of measurement range, 0.25 dB accuracy, 3 factory calibrated wavelengths, Analog output port, a versatile universal 2.5mm detector port that’s compatible with FC, ST, SC, DIN, and E2000 connectors (also available with threaded interface and FC adapter cap) without costly replacement adaptor caps, and a rugged carry case. Additionally, the M100 Optical Power Meter is the only Fiber Optic power meter to offer a User Definable and calibrated wavelength position. This unique feature allows the user to update the meter to meet future needs. With its rich feature set, the M100 Fiber Optic Power Meter is applicable in all of the traditional data and telecommunication testing applications, or as a laboratory bench-top for the testing of patchchord and other passive and active optical components and networks. FEATURES: ·
4 digit, 0.01 dB Display Readout.
·
Microprocessor Controlled.
·
70dB of Measurement Range.
·
dB & dBm Measurement Modes.
·
Non-Volatile Storage of References and Mode Conditions.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS: Optical Characteristics
: TA = 23°C +/- 5°C.
Detector Characteristics
Battery Type
: 9 V Alkaline.
Battery Life
: 60 Hours.
Optical Interfaces
: Universal 2.5mm detector port (FC, ST, SC etc.).
LS850 FIBER OPTIC LED LIGHT SOURCE
LS850 Fiber Optic Led Light Source is a low cost, high value Fiber Optic LED light source offering premium performance in a rugged compact package. LS850 light source include a 850 nm LED. Standard features include Power On Indicator, Low battery detection, Extended battery life, and Temperature compensating power control circuitry. The Fiber Optic LED light source utilizes high quality LED emitter, ensuring a high degree of core fill in standard multimode optical communication fiber. (50mm, 62.5mm, 100mm, 200mm) allowing for consistent and meaningful network attenuation measurements. Typical coupled output power is 17dBm into 62.5mm core. When used with the M100 Optical Power Meter Series, greater than 45dB of measurement range is available. Typical applications include datacomm network installations and maintenance testing of multimode Fiber Optics Cable, passive optical component testing, patchchord verification, or other applications requiring the use of a Fiber Optic LED light source.
Type Active Diameter
: Germanium Photo-diode. : 2 mm.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
Spectral Response
: 780 nm-1800nm.
Optical Characteristics
: TA = 23°C +/- 5°C.
NEP (Typ.)
: 0.4 pw/Hz1/2.
Emitter Type Central Wavelength
: GaAlAs SLED. : 850 nm.
Spectral Bandwidth
: 50 nm.
Fiber Coupled Power (Typ.)
: -20 dBm (50mm core). : -17 dBm (62.5mm core).
Measurement Range Standard Resolution
: +5dBm to -65dBm. : 0.01dB.
Accuracy Standard
: +/- 0.25dB (+5dBm to -55dBm).
46
P0 Temperature coefficient
: -13 dBm (100mm core). : -0.01 dB/°C (Typ.).
FIBER OPTICS
Connector Style
CSK FIBER CONNECTOR AND SPLICE INSTALLATION TOOLS
: ST.
Environmental Characteristics: Operating Temperature
: -10°C to +50°C.
Storage Temperature
: -55°C to +70°C.
Power Requirements: Battery Type
: 9 V Alkaline.
Battery Life (Typ.)
: 20 Hours.
FCT FIBER OPTIC CONTINUITY TESTER
Fiber optic continuity tester is a sleek test instrument to check the continuity in a Fiber Optic patch chord. This instrument is designed with an ST type of adapter. To test an ST type of patch chord, simply connect one end of the fiber to the ST adapter of the instrument and push a rear on/off button. The red LED efficiently transmits light down the Fiber, providing easy identification at fiber’s far end. This not only helps verification in the continuity of a Fiber but also helps in identification of Fiber in an interconnect location.
Fiber connector and splice installation tools contain all the tools and material required to terminate Glass Fiber with ST Optical Connectors & permanently Splice Optical Fibers. By adding a Polishing Disk for the respective connector it can be used for any other Optical Connector like FC/PC, Biconic, D4, Diamond etc. The kit is designed around the high performance, low cost Ultra splice which accepts any combination of 250 microns (loose tube) upto 900 microns (tight buffer) diameter. A splice for 140 microns clad diameter is also available with loss less than 0.2 dB. A consumable refill pack for terminating 50 additional connectors is also available. Tools are supplied in a rugged carrying case. A complete set of Fiber Termination instruction Manual is included. ACCESSORIES:
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS:
ST Fiber Polishing Disc
: 01 No.
Fiber Type
:Singlemode & Multimode.
Fiber Polishing Sheets
: 10 Nos.
Source
:High powered steady white LED light for visual inspection of cable LED light is shock & vibration resistant
Fiber Polishing Pad Fiber Optic Zoom Microscope
: 01 No. : 01 No.
Fiber Optic Diamond Scribe Jacket Stripper
: 01 No. : 01 No.
Connection Type Operating Life Supply
:Designed to accommodate most 2.5 mm ferrule connectors :Extra long life - over 100 hours on three N-Cell batteries :Can also operate on 2-AAA batteries (reduced light output, longer
battery life) Structure
:Rugged anodized aluminum finish
Buffer Stripper
: 01 No.
Universal Crimp Tool
: 01 No.
Tweezer Optic Prep
: 01 No. : 01 Pack.
Cotton Swabs
: 01 Pack.
Disposable Syringe with Needle ST Connector
: 02 Nos. : 02 Nos.
Epoxy ULTRA Splice
: 02 Packs. : 05 Nos.
Measurement Scale
: 01 No.
Carrying Case Instruction Manual
: 01 No. : 01 No.
Optional: Hand Held Pocket Cleaver
: 01 No.
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FIBER OPTICS
FIBER OPTIC LABORATORIES
Fiber Optic lab is a set of laboratory equipment containing hardware required to complete a series of experiments, which will provide students, engineers and scientists with an introduction to hands-on experience needed to master the basic concepts and laboratory techniques of Optical Fiber technology. The Fiber Optic Lab covers the use of both multi-mode and single-mode fibers. Fiber Optic lab also covers passive components like coupler, attenuator, WDM, isolators etc. used in the
Telecommunication domain to try and explain the main functions and applications in Telecommunication industry. FALCON, being a pioneer in the field of providing teaching aids on the concepts of Fiber Optics not only offers assorted products but also offers the complete solutions in setting up a Fiber Optic Training Laboratory based on the users` need and budget. We have thus configured the following three different laboratories.
FIBER OPTIC LAB - I (Recommended for Technician level) Courseware:
Lab - I Consists of: ·
Link D Physics of Fiber Optic Trainer Kit
: 01 No.
·
Study of LED characteristics for Plastic Fiber.
·
Link C Basic Fiber Optic Trainer Kit
: 01 No.
·
Study of PIN detector characteristics.
·
Link A Fiber Optic Communication Trainer Kit
: 01 No.
·
Adjusting the coupling efficiency of the LED and Photo diode.
·
AL 01 Fiber Optic Analog Link at 660nm for Plastic Fiber : 01 No.
·
To study total internal reflection and calculate critical angle.
·
AL 02 Fiber Optic Analog Link at 950nm for Plastic Fiber : 01No.
·
Plastic Fiber Numerical Aperture measurement.
·
DL 01 Fiber Optic Digital Link at 660nm for Plastic Fiber : 01 No.
·
Measurements of Plastic Fiber cable losses - connector loss, bending loss, propagation loss, attenuation loss.
·
DL 02 Fiber Optic Digital Link at 950nm for Plasti Fiber
: 01 No.
·
FCT Fiber Continuity Tester
: 01 No.
·
Study of Fiber Optic transmission and reflection sensors.
·
LS-850 Fiber Optic LED Power Source
: 01 No.
·
Demonstration of signal transmission through optical cable.
·
M-100 Fiber Optic Power Meter
: 01 No.
·
Setting up Analog link and measure bandwidth using Plastic Fiber.
·
Laser Ray Box
: 01 No.
·
Study of Digital link and measure bandwidth using Plastic Fiber.
·
Optical components
: 01 Set.
·
Measurement of speed of light.
·
CSK Fiber Connector and Splice Installation Tools
: 01 Set.
·
Study effect of EMI interference on plastic fiber.
·
Glass Fiber cable Multi Mode
: 500 mtr.
·
Fiber optical Voice link using microphone and speaker.
·
ST Connector
:10 Nos.
·
Study of Digital modulation and Demodulation techniques in fiber optical communication with PAM, PWM and PPM.
·
Courseware
: 01 Set.
·
PC-to-PC communication link using optical fiber.
·
Study of Fiber end preparation, connectorization and splicing techniques.
·
Effects of switch faults.
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FIBER OPTICS
FIBER OPTIC LAB - II (Recommended for Diploma level)
Lab - II Consists of:
Courseware:
·
FCL Advance Fiber Optic Communication Lab consisting of FCL-01 Fiber Optic Analog Transmitter kit FCL-02 Fiber Optic Analog Receiver kit FCL-03 Fiber Optic Analog & Digital Modulation / Demodulation kit FCL-04 Fiber Optic Advance Digital communication kit FG-01 & FG-02 Function Generators : 01 Set. Link-E Laser Diode & Glass Fiber Based Fiber Optic Trainer Kit
: 01 No.
AL-03- Fiber Optics Analog link at 850nm for glass fiber
: 01 No.
DL-03 - Fiber Optics Digital link at 850nm for glass fiber
: 01 No.
·
Study of LED characteristics for Plastic and Glass Fiber.
·
Study of PIN detector characteristics for Glass Fiber.
·
Principle of semiconductor laser diode.
·
Study of LASER characteristics and measurement of lasing threshold.
·
Study of APD detector characteristics for Glass Fiber with Responsivity and Sensitivity measurement.
·
·
Study effect of lateral, longitudinal displacement and transmission through air gap between two fibers.
·
·
Study characteristics of Multi Mode plastic fiber with Attenuation, Numerical Aperture and Bending Loss measurement.
·
·
Study characteristics of Multi Mode glass fiber with Attenuation, Numerical Aperture and Bending Loss measurement.
·
He-Ne laser source
: 01 No.
·
Study characteristics of Single Mode glass fiber with Attenuation, Numerical Aperture and Bending Loss measurement.
·
Passive component module box consisting Coupler, Isolator, Attenuator
: 01 Set.
·
Effect of EMI interference on glass fiber.
·
Avalanche Photo Diode module
: 01 No.
·
Study of construction of Transmitter and Receiver for glass and plastic fiber.
·
Laser-to-fiber coupler with receptacle
: 02 Nos.
·
ST-ST adapter
: 02 Nos.
·
Setting up Analog link and measure bandwidth using Glass Fiber.
·
1 Meter ST-ST Single Mode Glass Fiber Patch Chord : 02 Nos.
·
Setting up Digital link and measure bandwidth using Glass Fiber.
·
1 Meter ST-ST Multi Mode Glass Fiber Patch Chord
: 02 Nos.
·
Setting up fiber optical voice link using Microphone and Speaker.
·
LS-850 Fiber Optic LED Power Source
: 01 No.
·
Sensitivity and Link Power budget calculations for Analog and Digital links.
·
M-100 Fiber Optic Power Meter
: 01 No.
·
FCT Fiber Continuity Tester
: 01 No.
·
Measurement of Fiber length.
·
CSK Fiber Connector and Splice Installation Tools
: 01 Set.
·
Study of optical passive components like Bi-directional Coupler, Isolator, Attenuator.
·
Mode observation display unit
: 01 No.
·
·
Measurement of Bit Error Rate.
Fiber Optic Coupling module with 100m, 500m, 1000m multimode Glass Fiber optic cable
: 01 Set.
·
Study of eye pattern.
·
Study of Digital modulation and Demodulation techniques in Fiber Optical communication with PAM, PWM and PPM.
Fiber Optic Coupling module with 100m, 500m, 1000m singlemode Glass Fiber Optic Cable
: 01 Set.
Courseware
: 01 Set.
·
Study of Frequency Division Multiplexing and Demultipxing.
·
Study of 4 channel TDM.
·
PCM voice coding and frequency response of CODEC chip.
·
Study of Line coding and decoding methods (Manchester).
·
Study of Amplitude modulation and Demodulation techniques in f ib er optical communication.
·
Study of 8 channels TDM with Framing and Markers for digital signal.
·
PC-to-PC communication link using Optical Fiber.
·
Effect of switch faults.
·
·
49
FIBER OPTICS
FIBER OPTIC LAB - III (Recommended for University & Engineering level) Courseware: ·
Study of LED characteristics for Plastic and Glass Fiber.
·
Study of PIN detector characteristics for Glass Fiber.
·
Principle of semiconductor laser diode.
·
Study of LASER characteristics and measurement of lasing threshold.
·
Study of APD detector characteristics for Glass Fiber with Responsivity and Sensitivity measurement.
·
Study effect of lateral, longitudinal displacement and transmission through air gap between two fibers.
·
Study of 4-channel TDM.
·
PCM voice coding and frequency response of CODEC chip.
·
Study of Line coding and decoding methods (Manchester).
·
Study of Amplitude modulation and Demodulation techniques in Fiber Optical communication.
·
Study of 8-channels TDM with Framing and Markers for Digital signal.
·
PC-to-PC communication link using Optical Fiber cable.
·
Effect of switch faults.
Lab - III Consists of: ·
·
Study characteristics of Multi Mode plastic fiber with Attenuation, Numerical Aperture and Bending Loss measurement.
·
Study characteristics of Multi Mode glass fiber with Attenuation, Numerical Aperture and Bending Loss measurement.
·
Study characteristics of Single Mode glass fiber with Attenuation, Numerical Aperture and Bending Loss measurement.
·
How to couple the light into single mode fiber with minimum insertion loss.
·
Effect of different wavelength on Attenuation of single mode and multimode Glass Fiber.
·
·
FCL Advance Fiber Optic Communication Lab consisting of FCL-01 Fiber Optic Analog transmitter kit FCL-02 Fiber Optic Analog receiver kit FCL-03 Fiber Optic Analog & Digital Modulation / Demodulation kit FCL-04 Fiber Optic Advance Digital Communication kit FG-01 & FG-02 Function Generators
:02 Sets.
Link-E Laser Diode & Glass Fiber Based Fiber Optic Trainer Kit
: 02 Nos.
DL-DUAL Fiber Optic Digital Link using Glass and Plastic Fiber
: 01 No.
·
He-Ne laser source
: 01 No.
·
Passive component module box consisting Coupler, Isolator, Attenuator
: 02 Sets.
Wavelength Division Multiplexing module
: 01 No.
Avalanche Photo Diode module
: 01 No.
·
Laser-to-fiber coupler with receptacle
: 02 Nos.
·
ST-ST adapter
: 02 Nos.
·
1 Meter ST-ST Single Mode Glass Fiber Patch Chord: 02 Nos.
·
1 Meter ST-ST Multi Mode Glass Fiber Patch Chord : 02 Nos.
·
Numerical Aperture measurement of single mode Glass Fiber.
·
Numerical Aperture measurement of multi mode Glass Fiber.
·
Number of modes and Cut off wavelength calculation of singe mode fiber.
·
Mode observation in single mode Glass Fiber
·
Cladding mode-stripping study.
·
Study of Mode scrambler in Multimode Fiber.
·
Effect of EMI interference on Glass Fiber.
·
Study of construction of Transmitter and Receiver for glass and plastic fiber.
·
Setting up Analog link and measuring bandwidth using Glass Fiber.
·
LS-850 Fiber Optic LED Power Source
: 01 No.
·
Setting up Digital link and measuring bandwidth using Glass Fiber.
·
LS-1310 Fiber Optic LASER Power Source
: 01 No.
·
Setting up fiber optical voice link using microphone and Speaker.
·
M-100 Fiber Optic Power Meter
: 01 No.
·
Setting up free-space audio-video link through laser.
·
FCT Fiber Continuity Tester
: 01 No.
·
Sensitivity and Link Power budget calculations for Analog and Digital links.
·
Free space laser audio video communication kit
: 01 No.
·
CCD camera
: 01 No.
·
Measurement of Fiber Length.
·
Video monitor
: 01 No.
·
Study of optical passive components like Bi-directional Coupler, Isolator, Attenuator.
·
Mode observation display unit
: 01 No.
·
Fiber Optic Coupling module with 100m, 500m, 1000m multimode Glass Fiber Optic Cable
: 01 Set.
Fiber Optic Coupling module with 100m, 500m, 1000m singlemode glass Fiber Optic cable
: 01 Set.
Courseware
: 01 Set.
·
Dispersion measurement Chromatic dispersion, Material dispersion.
·
Measurement of back reflection light from the fiber.
·
Fiber optic transmission and reflection sensors.
·
Measurement of Bit Error Rate.
·
Study of eye pattern.
·
Study of Digital modulation and Demodulation techniques in fiber optical communication with PAM, PWM and PPM.
·
Study of Frequency Division Multiplexing and Demultipxing.
·
Study of wavelength division multiplexing and demultiplexing.
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