Hydraulic Design

P hawa Khola HEP

Appendix Appendix D: Hydraulic Hydraulic Design Calculation Calculation

DED Vol: III Appendices

Project Name : Location :

Descriptions

Sym b o ls

Un it s

Qdesign_min

m /s

Qsettling_min

3

m /s

Design Discharge to Turbine

Qturbine

Diameter of Penstock

D Lpenstock

Discharge through intake Discharge to Settling Basin

Total Penstock Length Installed Capacity

Phawa Khola Hydropower Project

Taplejung Type : Detail Design Head Loss Calculation Calculation for full Design Flow (Ashar to Aswin) Title : Head

3

Valu es

Remarks

2.52

HW components L osses upto Siphon

1.23

m

2.31

Siphon Losses

2.01

m

m /s

2.10

HW components L osses from S iphon to Fore

8.01

m

m

1.10

Losses in Pressure Pipe

1.88

m

m MW

483.00 5.16

3

Total Losses

13.126

Gross Head

322.500 309.374

Net Head

m m

Intake Orifice Losses No. Of orifice

Width

Height

Area

Velocity

Coeffcient

Head loss

Description

-

B

H

V =Qdesign /A

C

HL=V^2/(2xg)/C

-

m

m

A=BxH m

m/s

-

m

Intake

2.00

1.50

1.20

3.60

0.70

0.66

0.0381

No. Of orifice

Width

Height

Area

Velocity

K - entrance loss coefficient

Head loss

-

B

H

V =Qdesign /A

a constant

HL=KxV^2/(2xg)

m/s

-

m

0.70

0.10

0.0025

Intake Entrance Losses Description Applicable

Intake

-

m

m

A=BxH m

2.00

1.50

1.20

3.60

Intake Trashrack Loss Description Applicable

Trashr Trashrack ack

No.

Width

Height

Area

Velocity

-

B

H

V =Qdesign /A

0.70

-

m

m

A=BxH m

2.00 2.00

1.50

1.20

3.6

m/s

k-bar shape coefficient

t-thickness of rack bars

1.83

b-clear spacing between bars

-Rack inclination to the horizontal

Head loss

-

-

-

mm

deg

mm

m

10

80

75

0.0062

HL=k(t/b)^(1/8)xsin xV^2/(2xg)

Gravel Trap Loss Length

Slope

L

S

m 7.70

0.002

fc-Contraction coefficient

Length

Slope

-

L

S

Description Applicable

GT

Head loss HL= L x S m

0.0154

Gravel Trap Transition Loss (Contraction) Description Applicable

GT

Before transition Height Area H1 A1 = B1 x H1 2 m m

Width B1 m

3.00

Velocity V1 =Qdesign /A1 m/s

W i dt h B2 m

1.20

3.60

0.70

1.50

Width

Height

Area

Velocity

After transition Height Area H2 A2 = B2 x H2 2 m m

0.98

1.47

Head loss


-

m

-

HL=fc x (V2 - V1)^2/(2g) + L x S m

1.57

0.35

6.5

0.002

0.0265

Approach canal Trashrack Loss No.

Description

NA

Trashr Trashrack ack

B

H

k-bar shape

t-thickness

coefficient

of rack bars

-Rack inclination

b-clear spacing between bars Head loss

1.83

to the horizontal

-

-

-

mm

deg

mm

m

10

75

100

0.0000

m

m

A=BxH m

V =Qdesign /A

-

1.00 1.00

3.00

0.98

2.94

0.79

No. Of gate

Width

Height

Area

Velocity


Head loss

-

B m

H m

A=BxH m

V =Qdesign /A m/s

a constant -

HL=KxV^2/(2xg) m

1.00

1.50

0.98

1.47

1.57

0.10

0.0126

m/s

HL=k(t/b)^(1/8)xsin xV^2/(2xg)

Approach canal entrance loss Description Applicable

AC

Phawa Khola HEP

Appendix D: Hydraulic Design Calculation



Descriptions

Symbols

Units

Qdesign_min

m /s

Qsettling_min

3

m /s


Qturbine



Taplejung Type : Detail Design Title : Head Loss Calculation for full Design Flow (Ashar to Aswin)

3

Values

Remarks

2.52


1.23

m

2.31

Siphon Losses

2.01

m

m /s

2.10


8.01

m

m

1.10


1.88

m

Total Penstock Length

D Lpenstock

m

483.00

Approach Canal Bend loss Width Description B

Height H

Velocity V =Qdesign /A

Bend angle 1 1

m/s

deg

deg

deg

deg

deg

deg

-

-

-

-

-

m

1.57

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.000

0.0000


NA

Approach canal

3

m

m

Area A=BxH m2

1.50

0.98

1.47

Total Losses Bend angle 2 Bend angle 3 2 3

Approach canal to Settling Basin Length Segment L m Applicable

1 20 AC

60

Bend angle 4 4

Bend angle 5 Bend angle 6 5 6

Factor1

13.126 Factor2

Factor3

Factor4

Factor6

Head loss HL=F x V^2/(2g)

Slope

Head loss

S -

HL=L*S m

0.0020 0.0000

0.1200

Desander Basin entrance loss Description

No. Of gate

Width

Height

Area

Velocity


Head loss

-

B m

H m

A=BxH 2 m

V =Qdesign /A m/s

a constant -

HL=KxV^2/(2xg) m

2.00

1.00

0.98

1.96

1.18

0.10

0.0071

Velocity V1 =Qdesign /A1

Width B2

Applicable

DB

Desander Basin Transition Loss (Expansion) Description Applicable

SB

Before transition Height Area H1 A1 = B1 x H1 m m

Width B1 m

1.00

0.98

0.98

m/s

m

2.36

4.00

After transition Height Area H2 A2 = B2 x H2 m m

2.20

8.80


fc-Expansion coefficient

Length

Slope

-

L

S

Head loss HL=fc x (V2 - V1)^2/(2g) + L x S

m/s

-

m

-

m

0.26

0.4

32.00

0.001

0.1108

Length

Slope

L

S

m 32.00

0.001

Desander Basin Loss Description Applicable

GT Headrace Canal entrance loss No. Of gate Description Applicable -

HC

2.00

Head loss HL= L x S m

0.0213

Width

Height

Area

Velocity


Head loss

B m

H m

A=BxH m

V =Qdesign /A m/s

a constant -

HL=KxV^2/(2xg) m

1.50

1.50

4.50

0.47

0.10

0.0011


Width B2

Headrace canal Transition Loss (Expansion) Description Applicable

HC

Width B1 m

4.00

Before transition Height Area H1 A1 = B1 x H1 m m

2.20

8.80

m/s

m

0.26

1.25

After transition Height Area H2 A2 = B2 x H2 m m

1.19

1.49



Length

Slope

-

L

S

Head loss HL=fc x (V2 - V1)^2/(2g) + L x S

m/s

-

m

-

m

1.55

0.4

10.00

0.002

0.0504

Phawa Khola HEP


Descriptions

Symbols

Units

Qdesign_min

m /s

Qsettling_min

3

m /s


Qturbine


D Lpenstock


Total Penstock Length


Taplejung Type : Detail Design Title : Head Loss Calculation for full Design Flow (Ashar to Aswin)

3

Values

Remarks

2.52


1.23

m

2.31

Siphon Losses

2.01

m

m /s

2.10


8.01

m

m

1.10


1.88

m

m

483.00

3

Total Losses

Headrace Canal from Desander to Syphon Length Segment L Applicable

1 Total

Slope S -

m

0.002

0.8167 0.8167

No. Of gate

SC

Height

Area

Velocity


Head loss

-

B

H

a constant

HL=KxV^2/(2xg)

m

m

A=BxH m2

V =Qdesign /A

-

m/s

-

Width

m

0.95

2.21

0.08

0.0199

1.00

Headloss in Syphon Barrel Length Segment L

Velocity

Head loss HL=L*S

0.026

1.9518

m

334.4

2.210

1.9518

No. Of gate

Width

Height

Area

Velocity

K - exit loss coefficient

Head loss

-

B

H

V =Qdesign /A

a constant

HL=KxV^2/(2xg)

-

m

m

A=BxH m2

Applicable

SC

m/s

-

m

2.21

0.15

0.0373

Headrace Canal from Syphon Barrel to Forebay Length Segment L

1 HC

F- friction loss coefficient

V

m

Syphon Barrel Exit loss Description

Applicable

Head loss HL=L*S

m

Applicable

1 SC

13.126

490

Syphon Barrel entrance loss Description

Applicable



Slope S

Head loss HL=L*S

m

-

m

4769.57

0.002

7.9493 7.9493

Forebay and Transition Loss Description Applicable

HC

Width B1 m

Before transition Height Area H1 A1 = B1 x H1 2 m m


Width B2 m

1.23

5.00

1.25

1.50

1.88

No.

Width

Height

Area

Velocity

-

B m

H m

A=BxH m

V =Qdesign /A m/s

1.00

6.00

3.00

18

0.14

After transition Height Area H2 A2 = B2 x H2 2 m m

3.00

15.00


Length

Slope


-

L

S

-

m

-

HL=fc x (V2 - V1)^2/(2g) + L x S m

0.15

0.4

20.00

0.002

0.0570

Head loss

Forebay Trashrack Loss Description Applicable

Trashrack

k-bar shape coefficient

1.83

t-thickness of rack bars

-Rack inclination to the horizontal

b-clear spacing between bars

Head loss

-

-

-

mm

deg

mm

HL=k(t/b)^(1/8)xsin xV^2/(2xg) m

10

80

75

0.0002

Phawa Khola HEP




Descriptions

Symbols

Units

Qdesign_min

m /s

Qsettling_min

3

m /s


Qturbine


D Lpenstock


Total Penstock Length Penstock Bend Losses after bifurcation Bend angle Bend number 1 deg Applicable

0+005.00 0+345.00 Total

30.00 30.00

3


Taplejung Type : Detail Design Title : Head Loss Calculation for full Design Flow (Ashar to Aswin) Values

Remarks

2.52


1.23

m

2.31

Siphon Losses

2.01

m

m /s

2.10


8.01

m

m

1.10


1.88

m

m

483.00

3

R/D

Factor K90 0.214*(R/D)^-(0.66)

5 5

0.074 0.074

Total Losses Reduction Factor F -0.00007*Φ^2+0.017*Φ+0.036

0.483 0.483

13.126

K factor K90*F

Diameter D m

Area A m²

Velocity V m/s

Head loss HL=F x V^2/(2g) m

0.036 0.036

1.100 1.100

0.950 0.950

2.210 2.210

0.009 0.009 0.018

PenstockValve loss Bend number Applicable

1 total

Factor F

Head loss HL=F x V^2/(2g)

mks

m

0.3

0.075 0.075

Remarks

Hydraulic Design

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