DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE EDUCACIÓN TECNOLÓGICA AGROPECUARIA CENTRO DE BACHILLERATO TECNOLÓGICO AGROPECUARIO No 140 COAHUAYANA DE HIDALGO, MICHOACÁN
WORKBOOK III Libro de ejercicios
“If you are planning for a year, sow rice; if you are planning for a decade, plant trees; if you are planning for a lifetime, educate people.” Chinese proverb
COAHUAYANA DE HGO. MICH. AGOSTO DE 2008 TERCERA EDICION
Adapted by M.C Esteban Vergara Mendoza
Workbook III
Indice:
CONTENIDO
PAGINA
•
Introducción…………….……………………………..…………………...…………. 3
•
Futuro “Will” (Afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo, respuestas cortas yes/no)…..…... yes/no)…..… ... 5
•
Futuro “going to” (Afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo, respuestas cortas yes/no)….. 13
•
Auxiliares modales ………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………….…. …….…. 19
•
Must…………………………………………………………………………. 19
Should……………………………………………………………………….. 20
Could………………………………………………………………………… 23
Would……….……………………………………………………………….. 26
Have to……….………...…………………………………… to……….………...………………………………………………………27 …………………27
May…………………………………………...……… May…………………………………………...………………………………..30 ………………………..30
Primer condicional…………………………………………………………………...34
•
Presente perfecto (Afirmativo, negativo, interrogativo, respuestas cortas yes/no)…..41
•
Cognados verdaderos / falsos ………………………………………………………..54
•
Verbos regulares / irregulares ……………………………………………………….58
•
Coclusión ……………………………………………………………………………69
•
Bibliografía, creditos y sitios recomendados ………………………………………..69
GUIA DE PRACTICAS EN INGLES MUNDIAL Will ----------------------------- ---- lección 16 nivel principiante
Would ------ Lección 7 nivel principiante
Going To ---------- Lección 14 nivel principinate
Should ------ Lección 12 nivel principiante
Condicional ------ lección 16 nivel intermedio
Might -------- Lección 15 nivel intermedio
Presente perfecto -----lección 10 nivel intermedio
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ropósito de la materia
Los alumnos ampliaran sus conocimientos estructurando su proyecto de vida en el ámbito personal, vocacional y social, así como sus aportaciones al mundo social, científico y tecnológico.
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Capítulo 1 : Futuro “will”
Este capitulo tiene como objetivo el que aprendas a expresar de forma oral y escrita cosas que planeas realizar en el futuro, como tus planes de estudiar una carrera profesional, etc. Te recuerdo realices las practicas interactivas de Ingles mundial en tu centro de computo. 1.0 FUTURO “WILL” Vocabulary (practica su pronunciación pronunciación en lección 16 nivel principiante) principiante) future --- futuro diseases --- enfermedades already --- ya variety --- variedad home --- hogar lawn - --césped mow --- cortar el césped yard --- jardín maneuver --- maniobrar, manipular, manejar grass --- pasto, césped while --- mientras vacuum cleaner - --aspiradora vacuum --- aspirar furniture --- muebles nap --- siesta even --- aun pet --- mascota understand --- entender command --- orden, mandato flash --- destellar, brillar patrol --- patrullar, rondar
Practice I. Fill the blanks with the words above 1. I use the __________________ to clean the carpet 2. I have two ________________. I have a dog and a cat. 3. Tables, chairs, sofas, and beds are examples of ______________________ 4. The police officer _______________ the area in the police car 5. Medicine can cure many ____________________________ 6. When I’m tired I take a _____________________________ 7. The grass is very long. I nedd to ________________ the lawn 8. The children like to play in the ____________________ 9. The supermarket has a _______________ of different foods. 10. I speak English and Spanish but I can’t _________________ Chinese Ingles III
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Capítulo 1 : Futuro “will”
Una manera de hablar del futuro es con el verbo auxiliar "will". La contracción sería apostrofe y luego doble L.
I will swim. = Nadaré. I'll swim. = Nadaré. (contracción) Ponemos el sujeto primero (en la oración arriba "I"), luego "will", y luego el verbo. En oraciones negativas usamos "will not" o la contracción "won't".
I will not swim. = No nadaré. I won't swim. = No nadaré. Para formar una pregunta corta, ponemos "will" primero, luego el sujeto, y luego el verbo.
Will you swim? = ¿Nadarás? Para responder decimos: Yes, I will o No, I won’t Will she work? ----------- Yes, she will o No, she won’t INFORMATION QUESTIONS (preguntas de Información) Recuerda que este tipo de preguntas inician con: What ¡Error! Secuencia no especificada. Que •
•
Where
Donde
•
When
Cuando
•
Why
Por que
•
Who
Quien
•
How
Como
Example: Where will you go tomorrow morning? I will go to New York
When will you go to Mexico City? I will go to Mexico City next Saturday
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Capítulo 1 : Futuro “will”
EN RESUMEN Affirmative Sujeto+ will + verbo
Negative Sujeto + won’t + Verbo
Interrogative: yes/no Will + will + Verbo
I will go to Colima
I won't go to Colima
Will I go to Colima?
You will be a Doctor
You won't be a Doctor
Will you be a Doctor?
He will work in Germany
He won't work in Germany
Will he work in Germany?
She will study English
She won't study English
Will she study English ?
It will rain tomorrow
It won't rain tomorrow
Will it rain tomorrow ?
We will go
We won't go
Will we go ?
You will go
You won't go
Will you go ?
They will go
They won't go
Will they go ?
A continuación te invito a que reafirmes lo que ya aprendiste, resolviendo los ejercicios prácticos que a continuación se presentan.
actor actress air hostess architect astronaut baker bank clerk beekeeper barber bookseller bricklayer bus driver butcher chemist
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VOCABULARIO actor consultant actriz cook azafata customs officer arquitecto dentist astronauta doctor panadero driver empleado bancario dustman apicultor electrician peluquero (de hombre) employee librero engineer albañil farmer conductor de autobús fireman carnicero fisherman farmacéutico
asesor cocinero oficial de aduanas dentista médico conductor basurero electricista empleado ingeniero agricultor bombero pescador
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Execercises Practice II: Escriba oraciones de lo que estas personas harán usando la información dada. Ve el ejemplo
Example: Bob/exercise: Bob will exercise. 1. They/go to the party
__________________________________________
2. Mr. and Mrs. Wilson/watch T.V _________________________________ 3. The children/study English ______________________________________ 4. She/cook dinner
____________________________________________
5. The dog/run _________________________________________________
Practice III. Susan está estudiando para ser maestra. Haga oraciones de lo que hará o no hará ella en su futura carrera. Example: Correct tests: She will correct tests. Build houses: She won’t build houses. 1. Teach classes
______________________________________
2. Work at school ______________________________________ 3. Drive a truck
______________________________________
4. Work with students ___________________________________ 5. Work in a hospital ___________________________________
Practice IV. Responde a las preguntas según lo que harás o no en el futuro 1. Will you work tomorrow? _____________________________ 2. Will you study English tomorrow? ______________________ 3. Will you go to “El faro” this weekend? ___________________ 4. Will you wash the dishes tonight? _______________________ 5. Will you go on vacation next year? ______________________
VOCABULARY II EL TIEMPO / THE WEATHER está nevando it's snowing está lloviendo it's raining está nublado it's cloudy esta despejado it's clear
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hace calor hace sol hace fresco hace frío
it's warm it's sunny it's cool it's cold 7
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Execercises
Practice V: Escucha el dialogo y contesta las preguntas: (lección 16 nivel principiante) ¿Cuales cosas piensan ellos que pasarán en el futuro? ___ Cars will fly
___ We won’t have many diseases that we have today
___ People will study via the Internet
___ Doctors will visit you in your home
___ We won’t have computers
___ We will have robots to cook and clean the house
Practice VI: lee y practica el dialogo en pareja. A – What do you think the future will be like? B – I think cars will fly. A – Really? What do you think the schools will be like? B – I think people will study in their houses via the Internet. A – What will hospitals be like? B – I think medicine will be totally different. We won’t have many of the diseases that we have today. A – How will houses be different? B – Maybe we’ll have robots to clean our house and cook. A – That would be nice!
Practice VII: Reading …lección 16 nivel básico (laboratorio) Practice VIII. Dictado---- Leccion 16 nivel básico (laboratorio) Practice IX: Game ------- fortune teller….Lección 16 nivel básico (laboratorio/clase)
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Mi plan de Vida
Hasta este momento, ya practicaste como expresar algo que tienes planeado realizar en el futuro. Ahora aplícalo para expresar todo lo que quieres para ti en el futuro. ¿Como te ves a ti mismo en 10 años? Escríbelo y coméntalo con tus compañeros, algunas ideas pueden parecer descabelladas, pero recuerda que tú puedes realizar cualquier cosa que te propongas.
Aquí tienes algunas ideas: * Sere el mejor doctor en Mexico por que estudiare medicina en la universidad de Colima * Graduarse del bachillerato con el mejor promedio * Ser un/una Ingeniero en sistemas computacionales * Trabajar en una gran empresa de desarrollo de tecnología * Manejar mi propio negocio atendiendo a los turistas que vacacionan en mi región * Aprender Ingles para poder lograr lo anterior
Example: In 2 years, I will be able to speak English
.
____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ Sueña en grande y lograras todo lo que te propongas, solo encargarte de realizar lo necesario para lograr tus metas
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Capítulo II: “Going to”
En este capitulo, te presentamos otra herramienta para expresar actividades que vas a desarrollar en el futuro. Recuerda que la totalidad de esta lección la puedes practicar en cualquier computadora del centro de computo. Vocabulary: Animals …(Practica la pronunciación en lección 14 nivel básico)
Bat -- murciélago Bear -- oso Bird -- pájaro Bull -- toro Camel -- camello Cat -- gato Chicken -- gallina Cow -- vaca Crocodile -- cocodrilo Deer -- venado Dog -- perro Dolphin - delfín Duck -- pato
Elephant -- elefante Fish -- pescado Frog -- rana Giraffe -- jirafa Gorilla -- gorila Hippopotamus -- hipopótamo Horse -- caballo Kangaroo -- canguro Leopard -- leopardo Lion -- leon Lizard -- lagarto Monkey -- mono Moose – alce
Mouse -- ratón Parrot -- loro Penguin -- pingüino Rabbit -- conejo Rat -- rata Rhinoceros -- rinoceronte Snake -- serpiente Squirrel -- ardilla Tiger -- tigre Turtle -- tortuga Whale -- ballena Zebra -- cebra
2.0 Going to Se usa una forma de "to be" con "going to" para hablar del futuro. I am going to swim. (Voy a nadar.) I'm not going to swim. He is going to swim. She isn't going to swim. It You are going to swim. They aren't going to swim. We
OTHER VOCABULARY Feed—der de comer Pet--- mascota Paw--- garra Flat---plano Antlers---asta, cuernos Pound---libras Ingles III
cage---jaula mask---mascara dexterous---diestro dam---presa male---macho, varon mammal---mamifero
puppy---perrito tail---cola, rabo container--- envase river---rio female—hembra
train---entrenar striped---rayado rodent---roedor stream---arroyo horns---cuernos
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Resumen
ESTRUCTURA AFIRMATIVO --------------------- Sujeto + (am/is/are) + Verbo principal + Complemento
I am going to play soccer this weekend
/ voy a jugar futbol este fin de semana
They are going to study English today
/ Ellos van a estudiar Ingles hoy
I am going to work tonight
/ Voy a trabajar esta noche
NEGATIVO -------------------------Sujeto + (am/is/are) + Not + Verbo principal + Complemento I’m not going to play soccer this weekend
/ No voy a jugar futbol este fin de semana
They are not going to study English today
/ Ellos no van a estudiar Ingles hoy
I am not going to work tonight
/ No Voy a trabajar esta noche
INTERROGATIVO -------------- (am/is/are) + Sujeto + Verbo principal + Complemento Are you going to play soccer this weekend? Are they going to study English today? Are you going to work tonight?
/ vas a jugar futbol este fin de semana?
/ Van a estudiar Ingles hoy? / Vay a trabajar esta noche?
INFORMATION QUESTIONS ---What Where When Why Who How • • •
+ (am / is / are) + Sujeto +Verbo principal + complemento EXAMPLES What are you going to do this weekend? / Que vas hacer este fin de semana? Why are you going to go there? / Por que vas a ir alli/ vas a estudiar Ingles? Where are you going to study English? Donde /
Práctica Has oraciones de lo que TU vas o no vas a hacer mañana. ejemplo
wash the dishes
I'm going to wash the dishes. -o- I'm not going to wash the dishes.
1. Exercise
_______________________________
2. Watch TV
_______________________________
3. Clean the house _______________________________ 4. Cook
_______________________________
5. Study English
_______________________________
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Execercises
Práctica Mr. Hanks trabaja en el zoológico. Haga oraciones de lo que va y no va a hacer hoy según su agenda. AGENDA 8:00 AM - feed the monkeys 9:00 AM - wash the elephants 11:00 AM - train the parrots 12:00 PM - eat lunch 1:00 PM - clean the lion cage Example: Feed the monkeys
He’s going to feed the monkeys
Feed the elephants He isn’t going to feed the elephants 1. wash the elephants
______________________________
2. train the parrots
______________________________
3. feed the crocodiles
______________________________
4. eat lunch
______________________________
5. train the tigers
______________________________
6. clean the lion cage
______________________________
Listeninig: Instrucciones Escuche el diálogo y conteste las preguntas. ¿Cuáles animales mencionan en el diálogo? __ puppy __cat __horse __monkey __elephant __tiger
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Execercises
Diálogo: este dialogo lo puedes escuchar en lección 14 nivel básico Lee el diálogo y practicalo en pareja CHILD #1 – My daddy’s going to buy me a puppy for Christmas. CHILD #2 – Really? Well, my daddy’s going to buy me a horse. I’m going to ride it around in my yard. CHILD #1 – Uh uh. That’s not true. CHILD #2 – Yeah, and he’s going to buy me a pet monkey too. He’s going to eat bananas in my room all day while I’m at school and when I come home he’s going to play with me. CHILD #1 –Well, my daddy’s going to buy me a pet tiger. CHILD #2 – That’s impossible. The tiger’s going to eat you. CHILD #1 – I’m going to keep him in cage and feed him hamburgers. FATHER – Are you kids making up stories again? If you don’t stop lying, you’re not going to get anything for Christmas.
Reading: lee el siguiente texto, comentalo con tus compañeros y contesta las preguntas. Animals of North America Bear There are eight different kinds of bears in the world. Black bears and brown bears live in many areas of North America and polar bears live in parts of Canada and Alaska. In the winter many kinds of bears hibernate, or sleep in the winter. This helps them save energy during the winter. In the winter the baby bears, or cubs, are born.
Raccoon The raccoon is a small mammal that looks like it's wearing a mask. It has a striped tail. Raccoons are omnivorous, which means that they can eat many different things. They have very dexterous paws which they can use to open containers to get at the food inside.
Beaver The beaver is a large rodent with a flat tail that it uses for swimming and for balancing. The beaver is famous for it's ability to build dams in rivers and streams.
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Moose A moose is a member of the deer family. In the spring the male moose grows a set of antlers on its head which he loses in the following winter. Moose can grow to be 7 feet tall and 1500 pounds. Moose are herbivores, which means that they eat plants.
Bison The bison, which is also called the buffalo, has a big head and curved horns. Bison live in herds, or groups of animals, in the western United States and Canada. An adult bison can weigh up to 2000 pounds and a large bison can eat as much as 60 pounds of grass a day!
Practica: Contesta las siguientes preguntas 1. What does “hibernate” mean? __________________________________ 2. Why do bears hibernate?
___________________________________
3. Which animal looks like it’s wearing a mask? ______________________ 4. What does moose eat? __________________________________________ 5. What does “herd” mean? _______________________________________ 6. Which animal builds dams? _____________________________________
Practice: Describe un animal de tu región.
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Capítulo III: Auxiliares Modales
Este capitulo tiene como objetivo que aprendas a pedir y dar sugerencias, denotar obligaciones y solicitar algo de forma amable.El significado de cada uno de ellos puede variar según el contexto donde se encuentre. Después de revisar la estructura realiza con los ejercicios propuestos. Recuerda practicar con tus compañeros y tu instructor.
3.0 AUXILIARES MODALES Los Auxiliares modales son: •
Must
•
Should
•
Have to
•
Could
•
Would
•
May
3.1 Must Se utiliza cuando pensamos o realizamos algo que es necesario o muy probable. La forma negativa equivale a una prohibición. Ejemplos I am really tired. I must go home now. ( Estoy realmente cansado. Debo irme a casa ahora) You must keep your room tidy .(Debes conservar tu habitación ordenada.)
Estructura afirmativa: sujeto + must + verbo negativa: sujeto + must not / musn't + verbo pregunta: must + sujeto + verbo? respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + must / No, sujeto + mustn't PRACTICE I Complete the sentences. Use “must” and one of the following verbs. be
go
learn
meet
wash
win
do wear
1. We must go to the bank today. We haven’t got any money. 2. Maria is a very interesting person. You ___________________her 3. My hands are dirty. I _______________ them 4. You _______________to drive. It is very useful. 5. I ________________ to the hospital I feel sick. 6. The game tomorrow is very important for us. We ________________ 7. You can’t always have things immediately. You _________________ patient
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Execercises
PRACTICE II Complete the sentences. Use “must” or “mustn’t”
Rules at C.B.T.a 140 1. You
must
assist every day at 7:30 a.m
2. You _________ fight at school 3. You ________ leave the room without the teacher’s permission 4. You ________ do all your homework 5. You _________ smoke in the school area 6. You _________ show respect for all people in the school
Rules of good driving 1. You ____________ wear a seat belt. 2. You ____________ exceed the speed limit 3. You ____________ stop at a red light 4. You ____________ drink and drive 5. When driving a motorcycle. You ______________use a helmet
3.2 Should Usamos la palabra "should" en inglés para dar consejos. Es como la palabra "deber" en español. You should study. (Deberías de estudiar.) El negativo es "should not" o la contracción "shouldn't." You shouldn't eat so much. (No deberías de comer tanto.)
Ejemplos You should have a holiday. (Deberías tener vacaciones.) You shouldn't work so hard (No deberías trabajar tanto.) What do you think I should do? (¿que crees que debería hacer?) Estructura afirmativa: sujeto + should + verbo negativa: sujeto + should not / shouldn't + verbo pregunta: should + sujeto + verbo? respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + should / No, sujeto + shouldn't Ingles III
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Vocabulary
Practica la pronunciación de este vocabulario en lección 12 del nivel principiante The Body (El Cuerpo) Health Problems head - cabeza I have a . . . eye - ojo headache - dolor de cabeza nose - nariz stomachache - dolor de estómago mouth - boca backache - dolor de espalda ear - oreja, oído toothache - dolor de muela neck - cuello earache - dolor de oído back - espalda cold - resfriado chest - pecho fever - fiebre stomach - estómago cough - tos shoulder - hombro arm - brazo elbow - codo hand - mano finger - dedo wrist - muñeca leg - pierna knee - rodilla ankle - tobillo foot - pie (plural = feet) toe - dedo del pie
Other Vocabulary
hurt - doler feel - sentirse become - hacerse wash the dishes - lavar los platos lose weight - bajar de peso What's the matter? - ¿Qué tienes? tomorrow - mañana rest - descansar too much - demasiado so much - tanto tip - consejo advice - consejo low - bajo fat - grasa calorie - caloría liquid - líquido at least - al menos serving - porción instead of - en vez de dessert - postre healthy - saludable temporary - temporal stairs - escalera smoke - fumar elevator - ascensor, elevador
Práctica Da consejos a estas personas. ejemplo
I have a headache . (take an aspirin)
You should take an aspirin______________
1. I have a stomachache. (drink tea) ____________________________________ 2. I have a toothache. (go to the dentist) __________________________________ 3. I have a backache. (rest)
____________________________________
4. I have a fever. (go to bed)
____________________________________
5. I have a cold. (take cold medicine)
____________________________________
6. I have an earache ( go to the doctor) ____________________________________
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Execercises
Práctica
Da consejos, según tu opinión, a estas personas . Escribe solo una de las posibles respuestas Ejemplo
Should I get a cat or a dog?
posibles respuestas
You should get a cat
1. Should I buy a car or a motorcycle?
-o- You shoul get a dog
________________________________________
2. Should I buy a house or rent an apartment? ______________________________________ 3. Should I become a teacher or a doctor?
________________________________________
4. Should I go on vacations to Colima or Acapulco? _________________________________ 5. Should I learn English or Japanese? __________________________________________ 6. Should I study medicine or engineering? ________________________________________
Práctica Martimiana quiere aprender inglés rápido. Díle lo que debe y no debe hacer. ejemplos
1.
watch TV in English
You should watch TV in English
.
Watch TV in Spanish
You sholdn’t watch TV in Spanish
.
Listen to music in English
___________________________________________
2. Study English grammar
___________________________________________
3. Read novels in English
___________________________________________
4. Listen to music in Spanish
___________________________________________
5. Do the lessons in “inglesmundial” _________________________________________
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Execercises
Tips for Losing Weight 1. Eat low-fat AND low-calorie foods. Many "diet" foods are low in fat but high in calories. 2. Limit your "liquid calories." Sodas and sugary drinks have a lot of calories and don't fill you up because they are liquid. 3. Cook! When you cook you see what the food contains and you can limit fat. 4. Eat at least five servings of fruits or vegetables a day. 5. Have fruit for dessert instead of a fatty dessert. 5. Don't "diet." A "diet" is a temporary change. To stay healthy you need to make a permanent change in the way you eat. 6. Exercise three or four times per week for 30-60 minutes. Exercise is the most important part of a healthy life style. Walking is simple and it's great exercise. It's a good idea consult your doctor before beginning a new exercise routine. 7. If you don't have much time for exercise, use the stairs at work instead of the elevator.
Práctica Lee la lista arriba y has oraciones con should o shouldn't según lo que explican en el artículo. ejemplos
eat low-fat foods
You should eat low-fat food
.
eat high-fat foods
You shouldn’t eat high-fat food
.
1. drink liquid calories
________________________________________
2. cook
________________________________________
3. eat fruits and vegetables
________________________________________
4. have chocolate for dessert ________________________________________ 5. exercise
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Auxiliar “Have to"
3.5 HAVE TO / HAS TO "Have to" quiere decir "tener que." El verbo se conjuga igual que el verbo "have" solo. Afirmativo y Negativo
I You We They He She It
have to . . . don't have to . . .
Pregunta
Do you have to _____? we they I Does he have to _____? she it
has to . . . doesn't have to . . .
Práctica ¿Cuáles de estas cosas tienes que hacer mañana y cuales no tienes que hacer? Anota solo una. Ejemplo
wash my clothes
Posibles respuestas
I have to wash my clothes
-o-
I don’t have to wash my clothes
1. Go to work
_________________________________________________
2. come to school
_________________________________________________
3. cook
_________________________________________________
4. wash the dishes
_________________________________________________
5. clean the house
_________________________________________________
Diálogo Lea el diálogo abajo y practicalo en pareja. Pudes escucharlo en lección 12 nivel principiante NANCY – Hi doctor. DOCTOR – Hi Nancy. What’s the matter? NANCY – I have a sore throat and a bad cough. DOCTOR – Hmmm. You should drink lots of tea and take cough medicine. NANCY – I have to go to work tomorrow. DOCTOR – You shouldn’t go to work. You should rest. NANCY – I have a big project to finish at work. DOCTOR – You should rest and you shouldn’t talk too much. NANCY – Ok.
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Execercises
PRACTICE I Today is a busy day for my family. Fill in the blanks with “have to” or “has to” 1. Susan
has to
feed the dog
2. They ____________ wash the windows
3. We __________ go to the supermarket
4. Mary ___________do her homework
5. Rose and Mary _______wash the car
6. Tom __________ sweep the floor
7. They ________water the plants
8. My mom ______wash the dishes
9. Karla _______ practice the piano
10. We ________ clean the refrigerator
11. Tom ________ empty the trash
12. Rose ________ clean her room
PRACTICE II Answer the questions according with the information given in the box Monday Tom: go to the supermarket Helen: Wash the clothes
Tuesday Tom and Helen Go to the dentist
Wednesday Tom: clean the yard Helen: fix the car
Thursday Tom and Helen Paint their house
1. What does Tom have to do on Monday? He has to go to the supermarket
.
2. What does Helen have to do on Wednesday? _____________________________ 3. What does Helen have to do on Monday? ________________________________ 4. What do Tom and Helen have to do on Thursday? _________________________ 5. What do Tom and Helen have to do on Tuesday? __________________________ 6. What does Tom have to do on Wednesday? _______________________________ 7. Does Helen have to wash the clothes this Monday? _________________________ 8. Does Tom have to fix the car this Monday? _______________________________ 9. Do Helen and Tom have to go to the dentist on Tuesday? ____________________ 10. Do Helen and Tom have to paint their house this Thursday? _________________
PRACTICE III: Write about your self What do you have to do this week? 1.______________________________________________________________________ 2. _____________________________________________________________________ 3. _____________________________________________________________________ 4. _____________________________________________________________________
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Auxiliar “Could"
3.3 COULD Es el pasado del verbo “can” e indica posibilidad, se puede usar para pedir permisos o como condicional.
Ejemplos My Father could read 10 languages, / mi papa podia leer diez idiomas
You could get a better job if you spoke English / Tu podrias conseguir un mejor empleo si hablaras Ingles
Well, we could go fishing. / Bueno, nosotros podriamos ir de pesca Could I talk to you for a minute? / ¿Podria hablar contigo un minute? Estructura
afirmativa: sujeto + could + verbo negativa: sujeto + could not / couldn't + verbo pregunta: could + sujeto + verbo? respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + could / No, sujeto + couldn't PRACTICE II Read the paragraph and answer the questions MRS. MURPHY’S STUDENTS COULDN’T DO THEIR HOMEWORK
Mrs. Murphy doesn’t know what to do with her students today. They didn’t do their homework last night, and now she can’t teach the lesson she prepared. Bob couldn’t do his homework because he had a stomachache. Sally couldn’t do her homework because she was tired and fell asleep early. John couldn’t do his homework because he had to visit his grandmother in the hospital. Donna couldn’t do her homework because she had to take care of her baby sister while her mother worked late at the office. And all the other students couldn’t do their homework because there was a blackout in their neighborhood last night. 1. Why Bob couldn’t do his homework? __________________________________________________ 2. Could Sally do her homework? _______________________________________________________ 3. Why Donna couldn’t do her homework? ________________________________________________ 4. Why all the other students couldn’t do their homework? ____________________________________
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Vocabulary
Este vocabulario lo puedes practicar en la lección 7 del nivel principiante Food (Comida)
Menu
hamburger - hamburguesa appetizer - aperitivo pizza steak - bistec entree - platillo fuerte fish - pescado side order - comida que acompaña el chicken - pollo shrimp - camarones platillo fuerte ham - jamón dessert - postre spaghetti - espagueti french fries - papas fritas beverage (drink) – bebida salad - ensalada corn - maíz Other Vocabulary broccoli - brócoli breakfast - desayuno soup - sopa lunch - almuerzo cake - pastel, bizcocho dinner - cena ice cream - helado customer - cliente pie - pastel cup - taza water - agua order - orden, ordenar soda - refresco just - solo orange juice - jugo de naranja after - después coffee - café meal - comida tea – té something - algo full - lleno PROFESIONES check - cuenta bring - traer Doctor—Medico delicious - delicioso Engineer—Ingeniero fun - divertido Nurse—Enfermera free - gratis Lawyer—abogado whole - entero Chemical engineer—Ing. Quimico Teacher—profesor Pilot--piloto
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Phrases (Frases) May I take your order? ¿Puedo tomar su orden? Would you like ______? ¿Le gustaría _____? I'd like _____. Me gustaría _____. I'll take the _____. Tomaré el _____. I'll have the _____. Tendré el _____. Could we have the check please? ¿La cuenta por favor? Come again. - Venga otra vez.
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Auxiliar “Would”
Lección 7 prin
3.4 WOULD Indica una suposición. Would se utiliza en general para las frases condicionales. También lo usamos para predicciones, ofrecimientos y para preguntar por algo educadamente.
Ejemplos I would like to go to London (Me gustaría ir a Londres) That would be good. / eso estaria bien Peter was working very hard. He would be tired tomorrow. (Peter estuvo trabajando duro. Estará cansado mañana..)
Would you like coffe? (¿Le gustaría tomar café?)
Estructura afirmativa: sujeto + would + verbo afirmativa corta: sujeto+ 'd + verbo negativa: sujeto + would not / wouldn't+ verbo pregunta: would + sujeto + verbo? respuesta corta: Yes, sujeto + would / No, sujeto + wouldn't También se utiliza para manifestar deseos o realizar peticiones de una manera cortés: I would like to be rich. Me gustaría ser rico I would like your help. Desearía tu ayuda Would you lend me your car? ¿ Me prestarías tu coche ?
Práctica Escribe la respuesta correcta según tus gustos (si te gustaría o no te gustaría comer esta comida). 1. Would you like fish for lunch?
___________________________
2. Would you like orange juice for breakfast?
___________________________
3. Would you like cake for dessert?
___________________________
4. Would you like corn for a side order?
___________________________
5. Would you like steak for dinner?
___________________________
6. Would you like coffee?
___________________________
7. Would you like salad?
___________________________
8. Would you like spaghetti?
___________________________
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Vocabulary
OCEAN COAST SUN HAT
COOLER WATER SWIMMING A C M R A S I I T W T U R S G
I I T S S A S O E H A F
C W W O L H S T A S S H N I S S R
A T W T O E I S T I A A W O L
O A W T S I C F O A E D U
O S S A N D H A M C T S C A R H
W S O A T C M I O U U S M S S
M O S R I G N I M M I W S S U
O S T A H N U S T T S T S I
HOT STARFISH SWIMSUIT G A T S C R T O G R I A M A R
C C F F S T M W R F R S O H O
W A I T E A N A T F W A N C I
A M N T C W T A I S S W T M H
T N M E A H S U C W O A S D
I N C E U A S S S T S T H I E O T H H O I U R S M I O N F A T E S A C C N H O H I T A E
SAND
C S S C S N T E W W R I M O T
H F R O N N D L S S T A S T R
O O S A S C A O R H O N H O
S N R S S A I O A D T A H S
A A O T S T H C G I F W T W H
O E A E W N I I T M R G D T W
A S M S I A L S O O S W A S I
Práctica Escriba una oración con "I'd like" para seleccionar la comida que quiere. Ejemplo
Would you like coffee or tea?
I’d like tea please
.
1. Would you like soda or orange juice?
_______________________________
2. Would you like steak or chicken?
_______________________________
3. Would you like corn or salad?
_______________________________
4. Would you like cake or ice cream?
________________________________
5. Would you like pizza or a hamburger?
________________________________
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Diálogo Lee el diálogo abajo y practícalo en pareja. Puedes escucharlo en lección 7 nivel principiante WAITER - May I take your order? CUSTOMER #1 - Yes. I'd like the chicken and a side order of corn. WAITER - And what would you like to drink? CUSTOMER #1 - I'd like a cup of coffee, please. WAITER - And what would you like to order? CUSTOMER #2 - I'll take the spaghetti and a salad. WAITER - What would you like to drink? CUSTOMER #2 - Just water, please. (after the meal)
WAITER - Would you like something for dessert? CUSTOMER #1 - Yes, I'll have the cake, please. Would you like something? CUSTOMER #2 - No thanks. I'm full. (after dessert)
CUSTOMER #1 - Could we have the check, please? WAITER - Yes, here it is. CUSTOMER #1 - Hmmm. $23.55. Here you are. WAITER - Thank you. Come again. CUSTOMER #1 - Thank you. Goodbye
Practica: Completa las lecciones de Reading y dictation de la lección 7 nivel principiante Practica: discución en clase sobre “ What would you like to be in the future? “ Anota en el recuadro de abajo sobre el tema propuesto. Usa el vocabulario de esta sección.
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MAY / MIGHT
3.6 MAY Lo utilizamos para decir que algo es posible o muy probable. Lo usamos con el presente o futuro. También se utiliza para preguntar por algo pero más educadamente que con el could. Ejemplos I may stay at home or I may go to a disco .(Puede que me quede en casa o puede que vaya a la discoteca) May I use your dictionary? (¿Podría usar su diccionario?) Estructura afirmativa: sujeto + may + verbo negativa: sujeto + may + not pregunta: may + sujeto + verbo? MIGHT (lección 15 nivel intermedio) 'Might' es un verbo auxiliar para expresar posibilidad (como 'quizás'). Para cambiarlo a negativo añadimos 'not'. Vocabulary: Puedes practicar la pronunciación en lección 15 nivel intermedio Weather Forecast Vocabulary rain - lluvia, llover rainy - lluvioso snow - nieve, nevar snowy - nevado heavy - fuerte (con lluvia o nieve) sun - sol sunny - soleado shine - brillar freeze - congelar fog - neblina foggy - brumoso, nublado hail - granizo, granizar wind - viento windy - ventoso cloud - nube cloudy - nublado clear - despejado icy – helado dry - seco humid - húmedo humidity - humedad hot - caliente warm - templado
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cold - frío degrees - grados (de temperatura) showers - lluvias precipitation - precipitación, lluvia thunderstorm – tormenta electrica thunder - trueno lightning - relámpago hurricane - huracán tornado - tornado flood - inundación, inundar chance – posibilidad Other Vocabulary high - alto low - bajo forecast - pronóstico clear up - despejar umbrella - paraguas chance - posibilidad; oportunidad expect - esperar enjoy - disfrutar watch out - tener cuidado flight - vuelo delay - atraso, atrasar due to - debido a renovate - renovar sponsor - patrocinar, auspiciar
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Excercises
Practice Change the following sentences to unsure ones with the word "might" or "might not" for negative sentences. examples
They will go to the party. They might go to the party. It won’t hail tonight.
It might not hail tonight
1. She’ll study tomorrow morning. ___________________________________________ 2. It will snow this weekend
___________________________________________
3. The house won’t flood
___________________________________________
4. There will be a thunderstorm tonight. _________________________________________ 5. They’ll go to the movies.
___________________________________________
6. Fred won’t teach the class.
___________________________________________
7. It will be windy.
___________________________________________
8. The sun will shine
___________________________________________
Practice: Escucha el reporte del clima y elabora tu propio pronóstico. L-15Inter This is the Channel 8 weather forecast with Carol Gates. In the Southeast it will be cloudy and it might rain tomorrow in the morning but in the afternoon it’ll clear up. You should probably bring your umbrella just in case. In the northern United States there’s a 50% chance of snow. It might snow in the afternoon but it’ll stop by evening. In the East we’re expecting a big storm tomorrow. We’ll have showers in the East tomorrow night and we might have some lightning. In the Northwest it’ll be cold tomorrow with a chance of snow again. They’ve had a lot of snow this week. In the Southwest it’ll be beautiful tomorrow. It’ll be sunny and clear so enjoy your day.
Escribe tu propio pronóstico del clima
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Capítulo IV: Primer co ndicional
L10A
4.0 PRIMER CONDICIONAL La oración condicional, esta dividida en dos partes, la primera esta en presente y la segunda en futuro. Una de esas partes se conoce como parte condicional e incluye el condicional “IF”, la otra parte se conoce como cláusula resultante. Las partes están separadas por una coma cuando la cláusula condicionante esta al inicio. Revisa los ejemplos -If she eats all the ice cream, she will be happy- si ella come todo el helado, ella estará feliz CONDICION
RESULTADO
She will be happy if she eats all the ice cream- Ella estará feliz si come todo el helado.
RESULTADO
CONDICION
Vocabulary: puedes practicar pronunciación en lección 10 nivel avanzado
Shopping Verbs
Other Vocabulary
purchase - comprar return - regresar, devolver exchange - cambiar charge - cobrar, pagar con crédito bill - facturar owe - deber bargain - regatear hold - guardar en la tienda para comprar más tarde (reservar) lay away - guardar en la tienda para comprar otro día (reservar)
likely - probable spaceship - nave espacial charge - pagar con una tarjeta de crédito behavior - comportamiento gamble - jugar, apostar overeat - comer demasiado balm - bálsamo bolster - apoyar heal - sanar regret - arrepentimiento debt - deuda trigger - desencadenar binge - borrachera item - artículo tag - etiqueta denial - negación counsel - aconsejar warehouse - almacén urge - impulso seek – buscar Loan- prestamo
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Excercises
Practice (lección 10 avanzado) Write a sentence in the present conditional using the information provided. example
If/it/rain/I/use an umbrella
if it rains, I will use an umbrella.
1. If/we/drive/we/get there faster_________________________________________________ 2. If/she/call/we/pick her up_____________________________________________________ 3. They/buy a car/if/they/get the loan from the bank__________________________________ 4. If/he/get here soon/we/start the project___________________________________________ 5. He/take the medicine/if/the doctor/tell him to_____________________________________
The "Unreal" Conditional (L10A) Usamos este tipo de condicional para hablar de cosas imaginarias o muy poco problable, usamos “would” en la parte del resultado y el verbo en pasado en la condición. If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car. Si ganara la lotería, compria un carro nuevo. I would buy a new car if I won the lottery. Compraria un carro nuevo si ganara la lotería.
More Practice What would you do in these imaginary situations? Finish the sentences. There are no right or wrong answers example
If I were rich, I would travel around the world 1. If I were the president of my country,__________________________ 2. If I were the president of my country,__________________________ 3. If I were invisible,_________________________________________ 4. If I were young again,______________________________________ 5. If I could speak English perfectly,_____________________________
Making Speculations Who is that woman? She could be a famous singer. She might be a movie star. She may be a fashion designer.
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Excercises
Instructions Escucha el dialogo y selecciona las cosas que la gente menciona (L10A) 1. ___ Quit his job 2. ___ Buy an airplane 3. ___ Travel 4. ___ Eat in expensive restaurants 5. ___ Buy a hotel Dialog Lee el dialogo y practica en pareja.
JANE - This is Channel 7 reporter Jane Larson reporting from the Quicky Mart on the big multi-million dollar jackpot prize in tomorrow’s lottery. This is the biggest jackpot ever in lottery history in this state. People are already lined up to buy tickets. Let’s talk to some of them. Hello sir. MAN – Hello. JANE – How long have you been waiting in line to buy tickets? MAN – For a half an hour now. JANE – Wow! What would you do if you won the jackpot? MAN – First, I would quit my job. (laughing) Then Iwould buy a big house on the beach with a swimming pool in the back yard. I’d hire a full-time maid to clean the house and a cook to prepare all of the food. I’d buy a new car, maybe a sports car, and I’d buy a big boat. I’d take my friends out fishing every day. JANE – Well, good luck. What about you ma’am? What would you do with all of the money? WOMAN – I’d travel around the world. I’d go to Italy first, then Greece. Maybe I’d spend some time in France and England. I’d also travel to Asia, maybe China and Japan. I’d stay in all five-star hotels and eat in expensive restaurants. JANE – Good luck to you. So if you’re going to buy a lottery ticket you’d better hurry. The drawing is tomorrow at 7:00 PM.
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Presente perfecto
Vocabulary: Escuchalo en lección 10 nivel intermedio Irregular Past Tense Verbs Other Vocabulary air bags - bolsas de aire seat - asiento elderly - anciano lady - dama, mujer hardly ever - casi nunca deal - trato might - quizás negotiate - negociar smart - inteligente purchase - comprar rate - tarifa
grow - grew (crecer) hear - heard (oír) hold - held (detener) keep - kept (mantener, guardar) let - let (dejar, permitir) set - set (colocar) shake - shook (temblar, agitar) stand - stood (parar) sweep - swept (barrer) throw - threw (tirar)
Present Perfect El presente perfecto lo usamos para hablar de cosas que iniciaron en el pasado, continuan en el presente y puede que continuen en el futuro. Por ejemplo “Martha ha esperado el autobús desde las 7 “ Affirmative/Negative
He has walked. (He's walked.) She It He has not walked. (He hasn't walked.) She It They have walked. (They've walked.) I You We They have not walked. (They haven't walked.) I You We
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Question
Has he walked? she it Short Answers
- Yes, he has. - No, he hasn't.
Have they walked? I you we Short Answers
- Yes, they have. - No, they haven't.
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Presente perfecto
El presente perfecto se forma con el verbo auxiliary “have / has” y el verbo principal en pasado participio. En su forma negativa se agrega “not” (ve el cuadro de la pagina anterior) El pasado participio de los verbos irregulares es igual al pasado simple (terminación “ed”) Practice
Contesta las preguntas según sean o no verdaderas. Usa respuestas cortas ever = alguna vez
1. Have you ever been in the United States? _____________________________ 2. Have you ever bought a pencil? ______________________________________ 3. Have you ever seen a movie in English? _______________________________ 4. Have you ever gone to Australia? ____________________________________ 5. Have you ever been in Colima? ______________________________________ 6. Examples of Irregular Participles Verb be (ser) see (ver) go (ir) do (hacer) buy (comprar)
Participle been seen gone done bought
Practice Write sentences in the present perfect (only use the contraction in the negative like the examples) 1. He/work in Guadalajara
He has worked in Guadalajara
2. They/not/go to Canada
They haven’t gone to Canada
3. She/finish her homework
_________________________________
4. We/go to Chicago
_________________________________
5. They/not/do their homework _________________________________ 6. The teacher/work at that school ______________________________ 7. William/not/call her
_________________________________
8. I/not/buy a new car
________________________________
9. He/go to church
________________________________
10.You/buy a computer
________________________________
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Excercises
Practice Write sentences that are true for you (only use the contraction in the negative like the examples). Example
Posibles respuestas
go to Canada
I have gone to Manzanillo -o- I haven’t gone to Manzanillo
1. see a famous person
________________________________________________
2. be in a big airport
________________________________________________
3. buy a computer
________________________________________________
4. go to Colima
________________________________________________
5. work in a restaurant
_______________________________________________
Instructions Fill in the irregular verb forms
Verb
Past
Past participle
see go meet give buy come drink eat do fly
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Excercises
Already & Yet La palabra “Already” significa “ya” en Español y se pone después del auxiliar “have/has” y antes del verbo principal. I have already finished. (Ya he terminado.)
La palabra “Yet” significa “todavía” en Español y se pone al final de la frase I haven't finished yet. (No he terminado todavía.)
Practice This is Tammy's shopping list. Make sentences about what she has and hasn't bought. She has already bought the things that are crossed out (tachado). Tammy's Shopping List
1. bread 2. milk 3. meat 4. apples 5. broccoli 6. pasta 7. ice cream 8. cereal
Examples bread milk
She hasn’t bought bread yet. She has already bought milk.
1. meat
______________________________________
2. apples
______________________________________
3. broccoli
______________________________________
4. pasta
______________________________________
5. ice cream
______________________________________
6. cereal
______________________________________
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Excercises
Instructions (L10 Inter) Listen to the dialog and answer the question What's the final price of the car?
$12,000 $13,000 $13,500 $14,000 $15,000 $16,000
$16,900 Dialog Read the dialog below and practice in pairs.
A – This is a beautiful car. B – Yeah. It comes with air bags, leather seats, air-conditioning, and a great stereo system. A – How old is it? B – It’s only five years old. An elderly lady owned it. She hardly ever drove it. A - How much is it? B – Only $16,900. A – Oh. That’s too much for me. I’m a college student. B – Oh. I’ll make a deal with you. I’ll sell it to you for $15,000. A – That’s still too expensive. How about $12,000. B – No. I can’t go that low. Since you’re a student I’ll give you a special deal. $14,000. A – I don’t know. Let me think about it. B – This morning a man offered $16,000 for this car. He might come back and buy it so you should decide soon. A – Well. OK. I’ll take it for $13,000 B - $13,500. A – It’s a deal!
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Excercises
for/since The word "for" (significa “ por” en Español) is used with periods of time.
I've lived here for two years. She's worked at that company for seven months. They've been here for 10 minutes. The word "since" (significa “ desde” en Español) is used with the specific starting time of an activity.
I've lived here since 1998. She's worked at that company since she moved to California. They've been here since 8:30. Practice Select "for" or "since" in each of the following sentences 1. She has studied at that school _______ three months. 2. He´s worked at the ABC company ______ 2005 3. They’ve been in the restaurant ______ 7:00 pm 4. Martha and Mike have been friends ______ met 5. She´s worked on that project ______ three hours. 6. He’s attended that University _____ he graduated from high school 7. They’ve been married _____twenty years 8. We’ve stayed at the hotel _____ Tuesday 9. We’ve lived in this house ______ a long time 10. She’s been in the classroom _____ twenty minutes.
Practicas de lab------ L10 Inter
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Listas de verbos
LISTA DE VERBOS REGULARES MÁS COMUNES BASE/PRESENT
answer ask believe brush call carry change Clean cry dance dress enjoy finish follow help hurry iron ump learn listen live laugh need open paint play rain remain remember show smell smile start stay talk try wait want
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PAST AND PAST PARTICIPLE
anwered asked believed brushed called carried changed claned cried danced dressed enjoyed finished followed helped hurried ironed umped learned listened lived laughed needed apened painted played rained remained remembered showed smelled smiled started stayed talked tried waited wanted
SPANISH
contestar pedir, preguntar creer cepillar llamar llevar, cargar cambiar limpiar llorar bailar vestir Disfrutar terminar seguir ayudar apresurarse planchar brincar aprender escuchar, oír vivir reír necesitar abrir pintar ugar llover Quedarse recordar mostrar oler sonreír empezar permanecer platicar Intentar, tratar esperar Querer, desear
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Listas de verbos
VERBOS IRREGULARES MÁS COMUNES BASE/PRESENT
be begin bite break bring buy catch come cut do drink drive eat fall feed feel fight find fly forget get give go grow have hear know lead leave light lose make meet put read ride run say see sell send
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PAST
was /were began bit broke brought bought caught came cut did drank drove ate fell fed felt fought found flew forgot got gave went grew had heard knew led left lit lost made met put read rode ran said saw sold sent
PAST PARTICIPLE
been begun bitten broken brought bought caught came cut done drunk driven eaten fallen fed felt fought found flown forgotten gotten given gone grown had heard known led left lit lost made met put read ridden run said seen sold sent
SPANISH
ser ,estar empezar, iniciar morder romper traer comprar atrapar venir cortar hacer beber conducir, manejar comer caer alimentar sentir pelear encontrar volar olvidar conseguir dar ir crecer, cultivar tener escuchar saber llevar, conducir dejar, marcharse de encender, alumbrar perder hacer encontrar poner leer montar, pasear correr decir ver vender enviar 39
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Listas de verbos
VERBOS IRREGULARES MÁS COMUNES BASE
shake sing sit sleep speak stand steal sweep swim take teach tell think throw understand wear write
PAST
shook sang sat slept spoke stood stole swept swam took taught told thought threw understood wore wrote
PAST PARTICIPLE
shaken sung sat slept spoken stood stolen swept swum taken taught told thought thrown understood wom written
SPANISH
agitar, sacudir cantar sentarse dormir hablar pararse robar barrer nadar tomar, agarrar enseñar decir pensar tirar, aventar entender vestir escribir
Creditos
Gran parte de este libro de ejercicios es trabajo original de Janet Castrejón y lo puedes encontrar en http://www.inglesmundial.com Adaptación y desarrollo: M.C Esteban Vergara Mendoza
Se permite la reproducción y copia de este trabajo siempre y cuando mantenga los créditos arriba señalados.
Powered by C.B.T.a 140 Coahuayana de Hgo. Mich Agosto de 2008
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