Electrical Installation Design for (G+6) Urban Building Design /2016

Electrical Installation Design for (G+6) Urban Building Design /2016

1. INTRODUCTION We are often interested in communicating or transferring energy from one point to another. To do this requires an interconnection of electrical devices. Such interconnection is referred to as an electric circuit, and each component of the circuit is known as an element. . Charge: The concept of electric charge is the underlying principle for all electrical phenomena. Charge is an electrical property of the atomic particles of which matter consists, measured in coulombs (C).Law of Conservation of Charge: Charge can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred. Electricity: - is a flow of electrical charges such as electrons, through conductor and an invisible force that is used to transfer energy into heat, light, intelligence, or motion. Electricity is explained in terms of potential difference (or voltage), electrical charge flow (or current), and resistance to current flow. Current: The time rate of change of charge, Measured in amperes (A). Mathematically, i(t)=d/dt*q(t) or I=V/R The unit of current measurement is the ampere, and unit of voltage measurement is the volt. .The unit of opposition to current flow Voltage (or potential difference): the energy required to move a unit charge though an element, measured in volts (V).The voltage between two points a and b in a circuit is denoted by vab and can be interpreted in two ways: or resistance, is the ohm. a fundamental form of energy observable in positive and negative forms that occurs naturally (as in lightning) or is produced (as in a generator) of electrons. Electricity service in a building consists of fixtures like, light switches, sockets, clock connectors, cooker control units and similar outlets. Such fittings are collectively known accessories. A switch is used to make a circuit. A complete switch consists of three parts. There is the mechanism itself, a box containing it, and a front plate over it…… Illumination :-is a supplying of sufficient lighting either by natural means (e.g. sun light) or artificial light sources (e.g. electric lamps). Luminous Flux: It is the total quantity of light energy radiated from a luminous body in the form of light waves. It is measured in lumens. It is denoted by symbol φ 1


Illumination (intensity of illumination) (E) –is the luminous flux received by a surface per unit area of surface. Measured in lumens per square meter or lux or meter candle. Mathematically, E=ϕ/A Coefficient of utilization (Cu): This is a factor showing the ratio of the lumens reaching on the working plane to the total lumens generated by the source. depends on the dimension of the room to be illuminated, the reflectance of the walls, ceilings, and floors, the lamp output of reflectors and diffusers Maintenance Factor: The light obtained from a light source may be affected by variables due to dire, ageing of the lamp, e.g. The MF takes in to account such effects.

Electric work in a building has three different steps 1.,INSTALATION AND ITS MATERIALS:- Installation is the process of installing electric conduit and scat olla before placing concrete of slab and before masonry work. Conduits can be flexible or rigid. Flexible conduit mostly used for installation in wall while rigid conduit used to install in both concrete and wall. Scat olla protects the entering of concrete or other materials into the conduit. Scat olla also used for fitting with electric fixture like, socket, switch etc. 2, Wiring and wiring materials:A wire is a single strand or a group of strands of an electrically conductive material, usually aluminum or copper Wires are mainly used to carry electrical and telecommunications signals, Several wires stranded together is known as a cable But in practice bare conductors, whether single or stranded together are termed as wire and conductors covered with insulation are termed as cables Cables are mainly used for Power transmission,

carry electricity and

telecommunications signals several wires stranded together is known as a cable But in practice bare conductors, whether single or stranded together are termed as wire and conductors covered with insulation are termed as cables Cables are mainly used for Power transmission carry electricity and telecommunications signals 3, fitting is the process of placing of electric fixtures like, light switches, sockets, CB, clock connectors, cooker control units and similar outlets. 2


2. STANDARDS 2.1 Lighting  The basic consideration of a complet electricity service (design) in a building consists of; Lighting points switches, Sockets circuit breakers distribution boards clock connectors  Agood lighting shoud be Providing adequate uniform lumunation Avoid glare and hard shadow Providing light of suitable color  Type of lighting that we have used in our design are:Incandescent lamp Fluorescent lamp Incandescent:-is the light source most commonly used in residential lighting. Light is produced in this source by a wire or filament being heated to incandescence by a flow of current through it. The short life and low efficacy (lumens per watt) of this source limits its use mostly to residential and decorative commercial lighting. Efficacy varies with wattage and filament type, but generally ranges from 15 to 25 lumens per watt for general service lamps. Fluorescent lamp:- Produces light by activating selected phosphors on the inner surface of the bulb with ultraviolet energy which is generated by mercury, arc. Because of the characteristics of a gaseous arc, ballast is needed to start and operate fluorescent lamps. The advantages of the fluorescent light source include improved efficacy and longer life than incandescent lamps. Efficiencies range anywhere from 45 to 90 lumens per watt. Their low surface brightness and

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heat generation make them ideal for offices and schools where thermal and visual comfort is important

The Regulations recommend that every consumer’s installation should have a means of isolation, a means of over current protection and a means of earth leakage protection. This recommendation applies whatever the size or type of installation. Step 1 Calculate number of lamp and layout design. Step 2 Determine the number of socket outlet. Step 3 Calculate automatic circuit breaker for light and for socket according to Ethiopian Electrical Power Corporation Organization Regulation (EEPCO). Step 4 Determine the size and rating of the main circuit breaker which control the whole switch. Step 5 Draw the distribution board Table 2.1.1 standards of electrical light

E(lux)

Φ(lm)

UF

MF

Shop

500

2100

0.6

0.8

Store

50

780

0.6

0.8

Kitchen

300

2100

0.6

0.8

Bath Room

50

780

0.60

0.8

Living Room

100

2100

0.6

0.8

Bed Room

50

780

0.6

0.8

Corridor

150

2100

0.6

0.8

Balcony

50

780

0.6

0.8

Part of building

4


100

Stair Case

2100

0.6

0.8

The value of E is obtained from the Standard table 1.of Illumination Engineering Society, IES. according to Ethiopian Electrical Power Corporation Organization Regulation (EEPCOR) for light circuit breaker:-for single phase will be 10A*220V*Allowability. Where in Ethiopia allow ability is 80%. So the value is 1760VA.and according to Ethiopian Electrical Power Corporation Organization Regulation (EEPCOR) for Socket circuit breaker for single phase 16A*220V* Allow ability. So the value is 2816VA Commonly utilized symbols for electrical installation on design. Incandescent lamp.---------------

Socket---------------------Lighting calculation and socket providing for the following housing typolog

1.Three bed Room STEP 1and 2.Lighting calculation and socket providing Table 2..1.2 Lighting calculation and socket providing

Room functions

Area

IILuminati

(m²)

on (E) Flux

NO ,of MF

F lm

cu

lamp calculated (N)

Din. and Living

N, of

NO, of

lamp

Socket

provide

provide

d

d

(N)

31

100

0.8

2100lm

0.6

3.0754

4

4

M. bed rm

14

50

0.8

780

0.6

1.86966

2

2

Child bed1

8

50

0.8

780

0.6

1.06838

2

1

CH.bed2

9

50

0.8

780

0.6

1.20192

2

1

kitchen

6

300

0.8

2100

0.6

1.78571

2

3

RM

5


M .bath

4

100

0.8

780

0.6

1.06838

2

2

bath

4

100

0.8

780

0.6

1.06838

2

1

16

14

TOTAL

NB; in bath rooms one of the lamps are for mirror light and the sockets provided in M. bath one is for shaver & the other for boiler and only boiler socket in common bath to enhance best facility Step 3:-Calculate automatic circuit breaker for light and for socket Table 3. circuit breaker for light and for socket

Total socket

VA

14

400

Total Lamp

VA

16

100

Total VA 5600 Total VA 1600

ACB

PRO.ACB

1.9886364

2

ACB 0.9659091

PRO. ACB 1

Step4: Determine the size and rating of MACB fixture

SACB

Current(amp)

Voltage(volt)

Power

Re.factor

F. power

bell

1

6

220

1320

0.7

924

light

1

10

220

2200

0.7

1540

socket

2

16

220

7040

0.2

1408

stove

1

20

220

4400

0.2

880

mitad

1

20

220

4400

0.2

880

Total

5632

Step 5:- Draw the distribution board. 6

MAC

Pr,MAC

B

20.00 5

B

25A


2. Two bed Room Step 1. Light Calculation and socket provided

Type of room

area(m2) E

Ø

CU

MF

No

No

Socket

lamp

lamp

provided

0.8013

1

1

M.bath

3

50

780

0.6

Living/Dining

31

100

2100

0,6

0.8

3.0754

4

4

M.Bed Room

13

50

780

0.6

0.8

1.7361

2

2

Bed Room

7

50

780

0.71

0.8

0.9348

1

1

Kitchen

6

300

2100

0.6

0.8

1.7857

2

3

Bath Room

3

50

780

0.6

0.8

0.8013

1

1

11

12

Total 7


Step 3. Calculate automatic circuit breaker for light and for socket

Total

VA

socket 12

400

Total Lamp

VA

11

100

Total VA 4800 Total VA 1100

ACB

PRO.ACB

1.70455

2

ACB

PRO.ACB

0.625

1

F.

fixtur

SAC

Current(amp

Voltage(volt

Powe

Re.facto

e

B

)

)

r

r

bell

1

6

220

1320

0.7

924

light

1

10

220

2200

0.7

1540

socket 2

16

220

7040

0.2

1408

stove

1

20

220

4400

0.2

880

mitad

1

20

220

4400

0.2

880

Total

powe r

5632

8

MAC

PR,MAC

B

B

20.005 25A


3.ONE BED ROOM Step 1 &2:- Light Calculation and socket provided No

No

Socket

lamp

lamp

provided

0.8

2.381

3

4

0.6

0.8

1.2019

2

2

2100

0.6

0.8

1.7857

2

3

780

0.6

0.8

1.0684

2

2

9

11

Type of room

area(m2)

E

Ø

CU

MF

Living/Dining

25

100

2100

0.6

M.Bed Room

11

50

780

Kitchen

6

300

Bath Room

3

50

Total

9


Step 3, Calculate automatic circuit breaker for light and for socket Total socket

VA

Total VA

11

400

4400

Total Lamp

VA

Total VA

9

100

900

ACB

PRO.ACB

1,5625

2

ACB

PRO.ACB

0.511363636

1

FP

MACB

Pr.ACB

20.005

25A

Step4, Determine the size and rating of MACB

Fixture

SACB AMP

VOLT

POWER

RF

Bell

1

6

220

1320

0.7

924

Light

1

10

220

2200

0.7

1540

socket

2

16

220

7040

0.2

1408

staph

1

20

220

4400

0.2

880

meted

1

20

220

4400

0.2

880

Total

10


Step 5:- Draw the distribution board.

4. STUDIO Step1,and 2; Light Calculation and socket provided Table1.1: Light Calculation and socket provided

Room

Area(m2)

function multipurpose

Illumination(flux) E

Ø

MF

CU N

N .PRO.

Sockets

20

100

2100

0.8

0.6 1.9842

2

4

kitchen

6

300

2100

0.8

0.6 0.5952

1

3

bath

4

50

780

0.8

0.6 0.5342

1

1

Total lamp=4 11


Total socket=8

Step 3 .Calculate automatic circuit breaker for light and for socket

Total socket

VA

Total VA

ACB

PRO.ACB

8

400

3200

1.8181818

2

Total Lamp

VA

Total VA

ACB

PRO.ACB

4

100

400

0.227272727

1

Step4, Determine the size and rating of MACB fixture

SACB AMP VOLT POWER

RF

FP

bell

1

6

220

1320

0.7

924

light

1

10

220

2200

0.7

1540

socket

2

16

220

7040

0.2

1408

stove

1

20

220

4400

0.2

880

mitad

1

20

220

4400

0.2

880

Total

Step5.Draw the distribution bord.

12

MACB

Pr.ACB

20.005

25A


5. SHOP Step1,and 2; Light Calculation and socket provided Room function DISPLAY

Area(m2)

Illumination(flux) E

Ø

MF

CU N

N .PRO.

Sockets

20

100

2100

0.8

0.6 1.9842

2

1

STORE

6

300

2100

0.8

0.6 0.5952

1

1

TOILET

4

50

780

0.8

0.6 0.5342

1

ROOM

Total lamp =4 Total socket=2

13


Step 3, Calculate automatic circuit breaker for light and for socket Total socket

VA

Total VA

ACB

2

400

800

0.23123

Total Lamp

VA

Total VA

ACB

4

100

400

0.227272727

PRO.ACB 1 PRO.ACB 1


SACB AMP

VOLT

POWER

RF

FP

light

1

10

220

2200

0.7

1540

socket

2

16

220

7040

0.2

1408

Total

MACB

Pr.ACB

20.005

25A

2948

14


COMMON SPACES

Step1,and 2; Light Calculation and socket provided

Room

Area(m2) Illumination(flux)

function

Ø

MF CU

N

N .PRO.

E

Staircases

11

100

2100

0.8

0.6 1.098417

2

corridor

70

150

2100

0.8

0.6 10.59523

11

Lift

2,25

100

780

0.8

0.6 0.223214

1

Total Lamp per floor=14 Total Lamp Per block=14*7=98 Step3. As EEPCO one ACB (SDB) of lamp can carry a min. 8lamp and a max.16lamp.so we provided one ACB for each floor and totally 7ACB.

15



SACB

AMP

VOLT

POWER

DF

FP

LIGHT

7

100

220

154000

0.7

107800

TOTAL

107800

Step5.draw Distribution Boards

16

MACN

61.25A=64A


17


Fig Ground floor of socket

18


Table of Contents Contents

Pages

1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 1 2. STANDARDS............................................................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Lighting ................................................................................................................................................ 3 2. Two bed Room .......................................................................................................................................... 7 3.ONE BED ROOM ......................................................................................................................................... 9 4. STUDIO .................................................................................................................................................... 11 5. SHOP ....................................................................................................................................................... 13

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Electrical Installation Design for (G+6) Urban Building Design /2016

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