NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems 2002 Edition 1.1* Purpose.
The purpose of this standard shall be to provide a reasonable degree of protection for life and property from fire through standardization of design, installation, and testing requirements for sprinkler systems, including private fire service mains, based on sound engineering principles, test data, and field eperience! 1.2 Application! This standard shall apply to" #$% &haracter and adequacy of 'ater supplies #2% Selection of sprinklers #(% )ittings #*% +iping #% -alves -alves #.% /ll materials and accessories, including the installation of private fire service mains 1.3 Units.
Na m e of Unit lit er
Unit Sym bol L
mill millim ime eter ter per min minute cubic decimeter pas c al bar bar
mm/min mm/m in dm( Pa bar bar
Conve rsi on Fa ctor 1 gal = 3.785 L 1 gpm/ft = 40.746 mm/min = 40.746 !L/min"/m2 1 gal = 3.785 dm ( 1 psi = 6894. 757 P a 1 psi = 0.0689 bar 1 bar = 10, +a
1.4 Symbols.
Symbo mbol or Abbreviat eviatio ion n p gpm & ' Pt Pf
Pe P) Pn -Lt.r ( 1* 2* el * 6L* P* * 7* $t ps i v
Item Item Pressure Press ure in psi #.$. gall%ns gall%ns per minute 8l%/ increment in gpm t% be added at a specific l%cati%n $ummati%n %f fl%/ in gpm at a specific l%cati%n (%tal (%tal pressure in psi at a p%int in a pipe Pressure l%ss due t% fricti%n bet/een bet/een p%ints indicated in l%cati%n c%lumn Pressure due t% ele)ati%n difference bet/een indicated p%ints. (3is can be a plus )alue %r a minus )alue. f minus: t3e !" s3all be used; if plus: n% sign need be indicated. *el%cit+ *el%ci t+ pressure in psi at a p%int in a pipe ,%rmal pressure in psi at a p%int in a pipe 90degree 90degree ell 45degree 45degree ell L%ngturn elb%/ r%ss (eefl%/ turned 90 degrees 1ate )al)e 2utterfl+ 2utt erfl+ !/afer" !/afer" c3ec )al)e al)e eluge )al)e 6larm )al) )al)e e r+ pipe )al)e $/ing c 3ec )al)e 2utt erfl+ !/afer" c3ec )al)e $trainer P%unds per s&uare inc3 *el%cit+ %f /ater in pipe in feet per sec%nd
1.5 Sprinkler System. )or fire protection purposes, an integrated system of underground and overhead piping designed in accorda accordance nce 'ith 'ith fire fire protec protecti tion on enginee engineerin ring g standar standards! ds! The instal installat lation ion includ includes es one or more more automatic 'ater supplies! The portion of the sprinkler system aboveground is a net'ork of specially sized or hydraulically designed piping installed in a building, structure, or area, generally overhead, and to 'hich sprinklers are attached in a systematic pattern! The valve controlling each system riser is located in the system riser or its supply piping! Each sprinkler system riser includes a device for actuating an alarm 'hen the system is in operation! The system is usually activated by heat from a fire and discharges 'ater over the fire area!
1.6 Sprinkler System ype !e"initions. 1.6.1 Anti"ree#e Sprinkler System. / 'et pipe sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that contains an antifreeze solution and that are connected to a 'ater supply! The antifreeze solution is discharged, follo'ed by 'ater, immediately upon operation of sprinklers opened by heat from a fire! 1.6.2 $irculatin% $lose&'(oop Sprinkler System. / 'et pipe sprinkler system having nonfire protection connections to automatic sprinkler systems in a closed1loop piping arrangement for the purpose of utilizing sprinkler piping to conduct 'ater for heating or cooling, 'here 'ater is not removed or used from the system but only circulated through the piping system! 1.6.3 $ombine& !ry Pipe'Preaction Sprinkler System. / sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system containing air under pressure 'ith a supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers! peration of the detection system actuates tripping devices that open dry pipe valves simultaneously and 'ithout loss of air pressure in the system! peration of the detection system also opens listed air ehaust valves at the end of the feed main, 'hich usually precedes the opening of sprinklers! The detection system also serves as an automatic fire alarm system! 1.6.4 !elu%e Sprinkler System. / sprinkler system employing open sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that is connected to a 'ater supply through a valve that is opened by the operation of a detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers! 3hen this valve opens, 'ater flo's into the piping system and discharges from all sprinklers attached thereto! 1.6.5 !ry Pipe Sprinkler System. / sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system containing air or nitrogen under pressure, the release of 'hich #as from the opening of a sprinkler% permits the 'ater pressure to open a valve kno'n as a dry pipe valve, and the 'ater then flo's into the piping system and out the opened sprinklers! 1.6.6* )ri&&e& Sprinkler System. / sprinkler system in 'hich parallel cross mains are connected by multiple branch lines! /n operating sprinkler 'ill receive 'ater from both ends of its branch line 'hile other branch lines help transfer 'ater bet'een cross mains! 1.6.* (oope& Sprinkler System. / sprinkler system in 'hich multiple cross mains are tied together so as to provide more than one path for 'ater to flo' to an operating sprinkler and branch lines are not tied together! 1.6.+* Preaction Sprinkler System. / sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that contains air that might or might not be under pressure, 'ith a supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers!
1.6., -et Pipe Sprinkler System. / sprinkler system employing automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system containing 'ater and connected to a 'ater supply so that 'ater discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by heat from a fire! 2. y&raulically !esi%ne& System. / calculated sprinkler system in 'hich pipe sizes are selected on a pressure loss basis to provide a prescribed 'ater density, in gallons per minute per square foot #mm4min%, or a prescribed minimum discharge pressure or flo' per sprinkler, distributed 'ith a reasonable degree of uniformity over a specified area! 3.Pipe Sc/e&ule System. / sprinkler system in 'hich the pipe sizing is selected from a schedule that is determined by the occupancy classification and in 'hich a given number of sprinklers are allo'ed to be supplied from specific sizes of pipe!
4* System $omponent !e"initions. 4.1 0ranc/ (ines. The pipes in 'hich the sprinklers are placed, either directly or through risers! 4.2 $ross ains. The pipes supplying the branch lines, either directly or through risers! 4.3 Fee& ains. The pipes supplying cross mains, either directly or through risers! 4.4 Fleible (iste& Pipe $ouplin%. / listed coupling or fitting that allo's aial displacement, rotation, and at least $ degree of angular movement of the pipe 'ithout inducing harm on the pipe! )or pipe diameters of 5 in! #20(!2 mm% and larger, the angular movement shall be permitted to be less than $ degree but not less than 0! degree! 4.5 isers. The vertical supply pipes in a sprinkler system! 4.6 Spri%'up. / line that rises vertically and supplies a single sprinkler! 4. Superisory !eice. / device arranged to supervise the operative condition of automatic sprinkler systems! 4.+ System iser. The aboveground horizontal or vertical pipe bet'een the 'ater supply and the mains #cross or feed% that contains a control valve #either directly or 'ithin its supply pipe% and a 'aterflo' alarm device! 5. Automatic Sprinkler. / fire suppression or control device that operates automatically 'hen its heat1activated element is heated to its thermal rating or above, allo'ing 'ater to discharge over a specified area!
6.Sprinkler c/aracteristics The follo'ing are characteristics of a sprinkler that define its ability to control or etinguish a fire! #a% Thermal sensitivity. / measure of the rapidity 'ith 'hich the thermal element operates as installed in a specific sprinkler or sprinkler assembly! ne measure of thermal sensitivity is the response time inde #6TI% as measured under standardized test conditions! #$% Sprinklers defined as fast response have a thermal element 'ith an 6TI of 0 #meters1 seconds%$42 or less! #2% Sprinklers defined as standard response have a thermal element 'ith an 6TI of 50 #meters1 seconds%$42 or more! #b% Temperature rating. #c% Orifice size #d% Installation orientation (see 3.6.3). #e% Water distribution characteristics #i!e!, application rate, 'all 'etting%! #f% pecial service conditions . Sprinkler ypes. The follo'ing sprinklers are defined according to design and performance characteristics!
7!$8 !arly uppression "ast#$esponse (!"$) prin%ler. / type of fast1response sprinkler that have a thermal element 'ith an 6TI of 0 #meters1seconds%$42 or less and is listed for its capability to provide fire suppression of specific high1challenge fire hazards! 7!2 !&tended 'overage prin%ler ! / type of spray sprinkler 'ith maimum coverage areas as specified in Sections 5!5 and 5!9 of this standard! 7!( arge rop prin%ler ! / type of specific application control mode sprinkler that is capable of producing characteristic large 'ater droplets and that is listed for its capability to provide fire control of specific high1challenge fire hazards! 7!* *ozzles! / device for use in applications requiring special 'ater discharge patterns, directional spray, or other unusual discharge characteristics! 7! Old#tyle+'onventional prin%ler. / sprinkler that directs from *0 percent to .0 percent of the total 'ater initially in a do'n'ard direction and that is designed to be installed 'ith the deflector either upright or pendent! 7!. Open prin%ler. / sprinkler that does not have actuators or heat1responsive elements! 7!78 ,uic%#$esponse !arly uppression (,$!) prin%ler. / type of quick1response sprinkler that have a thermal element 'ith an 6TI of 0 #meters1seconds%$42 or less and is listed for its capability to provide fire suppression of specific fire hazards! 7!5 ,uic%#$esponse !&tended 'overage prin%ler ! / type of quick1response sprinkler that have a thermal element 'ith an 6TI of 0 #meters1seconds%$42 or less and complies 'ith the etended protection areas defined in &hapter 5!
7!9 ,uic%#$esponse (,$) prin%ler. / type of spray sprinkler that have a thermal element 'ith an 6TI of 0 #meters1seconds%$42 or less and is listed as a quick1response sprinkler for its intended use! 7!$0 $esidential prin%ler. / type of fast1response sprinkler that have a thermal element 'ith an 6TI of 0 #meters1seconds%$42 or less that has been specifically investigated for its ability to enhance survivability in the room of fire origin and is listed for use in the protection of d'elling units! 7!$$ pecial prin%ler ! / sprinkler that has been tested and listed as prescribed in 5!*!9! 7!$28 pecific -pplication 'ontrol ode prin%ler #for Storage :se%! / type of spray sprinkler listed at a minimum operating pressure 'ith a specific number of opera ting sprinklers for a given protection scheme! 7!$( pray prin%ler ! / type of sprinkler listed for its capability to provide fire control for a 'ide range of fire hazards! 7!$* tandard pray prin%ler ! / spray sprinkler 'ith maimum coverage areas as specified in Sections 5!. and 5!7 of this standard! + nstallation rientation ! The follo'ing sprinklers are defined according to orientation!
5!$ 'oncealed prin%ler. / recessed sprinkler 'ith cover plates! 5!2 "lush prin%ler ! / sprinkler in 'hich all or part of the body, including the shank thread, is mounted above the lo'er plane of the ceiling! 5!( /endent prin%ler ! / sprinkler designed to be installed in such a 'ay that the 'ater stream is directed do'n'ard against the deflector! 0.1 $ecessed prin%ler . / sprinkler in 'hich all or part of the body, other than the shank thread, is mounted 'ithin a recessed housing! 0.2 ideall prin%ler. / sprinkler having special deflectors that are designed to discharge most of the 'ater a'ay from the nearby 'all in a pattern resembling one1quarter of a sphere, 'ith a small portion of the discharge directed at the 'all behind the sprinkler! 0.6 4pright prin%ler . / sprinkler designed to be installed in such a 'ay that the 'ater spray is directed up'ards against the deflector! +. Special Serice $on&itions. The follo'ing sprinklers are defined according to special application or environment!
0.5 'orrosion#$esistant prin%ler . / sprinkler fabricated 'ith corrosion1resistant material, or 'ith special coatings or platings, to be used in an atmosphere that 'ould normally corrode sprinklers! 0.7 ry prin%ler . / sprinkler secured in an etension nipple that has a seal at the inlet end to prevent 'ater from entering the nipple until the sprinkler operates!
0.3 Intermediate evel prin%ler+$ac% torage prin%ler./ sprinkler equipped 'ith integral shields to protect its operating elements from the discharge of sprinklers installed at higher elevations! 0.1 Ornamental+ecorative prin%ler. / sprinkler that has been painted or plated by the manufacturer!
5.1* $lassi"ication o" ccupancies. 5.1.1 ccupancy classifications for this standard shall relate to sprinkler design, installation, and 'ater supply requirements only! 5.1.2 ccupancy classifications shall not be intended to be a general classification of occupancy hazards! 11.2.1.3 ccupancies or portions of occupancies shall be classified according to the quantity and combustibility of contents, the epected rates of heat release, the total potential for energy release, the heights of stockpiles, and the presence of flammable and combustible liquids! &lassifications are as follo's" #$% ;ight hazard #2% rdinary hazard #
&hurches &lubs Eaves and overhangs, if of combustible construction 'ith no combustibles beneath Educational =ospitals Institutional ;ibraries, ecept large stack rooms >useums ?ursing or convalescent homes ffices, including data processing 6esidential 6estaurant seating areas Theaters and auditoriums, ecluding stages and prosceniums :nused attics
5.3 r&inary a#ar& ccupancies. 5.3.1* r&inary a#ar& 7)roup 18. rdinary hazard #
/utomobile parking and sho'rooms @akeries @everage manufacturing &anneries Aairy products manufacturing and processing Electronic plants achine shops >etal 'orking >ercantile +aper and pulp mills +aper process plants +iers and 'harves +ost offices +rinting and publishing 6epair garages 6esin application area Stages Tetile manufacturing Tire manufacturing Tobacco products manufacturing
3ood machining 3ood product assembly A.13.33.1 Sprinkler systems for specific areas associated 'ith religious facilities should be designed as follo's" #$% /ll assembly areas, ecept state B ;ight =azard #2% Stages B rdinary =azard #
5.4 ;tra a#ar& ccupancies. 5.4.1* ;tra a#ar& 7)roup 18. Etra hazard #etal etruding +ly'ood and particle board manufacturing +rinting Dusing inks having flash points belo' $00F) #(5F&% 6ubber reclaiming, compounding, drying, milling, vulcanizing Sa' mills Tetile picking, opening, blending, garnetting, or carding, combining of cotton, synthetics, 'ool shoddy, or burlap :pholstering 'ith plastic foams 5.4.2* ;tra a#ar& 7)roup 28. Etra hazard #
/sphalt saturating )lammable liquids spraying )lo' coating >anufactured home or modular building assemblies #'here finished enclosure is present and has
combustible interiors% pen oil quenching +lastics processing Solvent cleaning -arnish and paint dipping 5.5* Special ccupancy a#ar&s. +. System Protection Area (imitations. 9!
+.2.1 The maimum floor area on any one floor to be protected by sprinklers supplied by any one sprinkler system riser or combined system riser shall be as follo's" #$% ;ight hazard B 2,000 ft2 #*5($ m2% #2% rdinary hazard B 2,000 ft2 #*5($ m2% #(% Etra hazard #a% +ipe schedule B 2,000 ft2 #2(2( m2% #b% =ydraulically calculated B *0,000 ft2 #(7$. m2% #*% Storage B =igh1piled storage #as defined in (!(!$2 % and storage covered by other ?)+/ standards B *0,000 ft2 #(7$. m2% +.2.2 The floor area occupied by mezzanines shall not be included in the area limits of 5!2!$! +.2.3 3here single systems protect etra hazard, high1piled storage, or storage covered by other ?)+/ standards, and ordinary or light hazard areas, the etra hazard or storage area coverage shall not eceed the floor area specified for that hazard and the total area coverage shall not eceed 2,000 ft 2 #*5($ m2%! +.6.2.2 aimum Protection Area o" $oera%e. +.6.2.2.1* The maimum allo'able protection area of coverage for a sprinkler # - s% shall be in accordance 'ith the value indicated in Table 5!.!2!2!$#a% through Table 5!.!2!2!$#d%!
+.6.2.2.2 n any case< t/e maimum area o" coera%e o" a sprinkler s/all not ecee& 225 "t2 721m28. +.6.3 Sprinkler Spacin% 7Stan&ar& Pen&ent an& Upri%/t Spray Sprinklers8. +.6.3.1 aimum !istance 0et=een Sprinklers. The maimum distance permitted bet'een sprinklers shall comply 'ith Table 5!.!2!2!$#a% through Table 5!.!2!2!$#d%! +.6.3.4 inimum !istances 0et=een Sprinklers. +.6.3.4.1 :nless the requirements of 5!.!(!*!2, 5!.!(!*!(, or 5!.!(!*!* are met, sprinklers shall be spaced not less than 6 "t 71.+ m8 on center! +.6.3.2 aimum !istance "rom -alls. +.6.3.2.1 The distance from sprinklers to 'alls s/all not ecee& one'/al" o" t/e allo=able &istance bet'een sprinklers as indicated in Table 5!.!2!2!$#a% through Table 5!.!2!2!$#d%! +.6.3.2.2 The distance from the 'all to the sprinkler shall be measured perpendicular to the 'all! +.6.3.2.3* The requirements of 5!.!(!2!$ shall not apply 'here 'alls are angled or irregular, and the maimum horizontal distance bet'een a sprinkler and any point of floor area protected by that sprinkler s/all not ecee& 9.5 times the allo'able distance permitted bet'een sprinklers, provided the maimum perpendicular distance is not eceeded! +.6.3.3 inimum !istances "rom -alls. Sprinklers shall be located a minimum of 4 in. 7192mm8 from a 'all! ,.2.3.3 $learance to an%ers. The distance bet'een a hanger and the centerline of an upright sprinkler shall not be less than ( in! #7. mm%! +.6.4.1 !istance 0elo= $eilin%s. +.6.4.1.1 Unobstructe& $onstruction. +.6.4.1.1.1 :nder unobstructed construction, the distance bet'een the sprinkler deflector and the ceiling shall be a minimum o" 1 in. 725.4 mm8 an& a maimum o" 12 in. 7395 mm 8 throughout the
area of coverage of the sprinkler!
+. Si&e=all Stan&ar& Spray Sprinklers.
+..2.2.2 In any case, the maimum area of coverage of a sprinkler shall not ecee& 1,6 "t 271+.2 m28. +..3.2 aimum !istance "rom -alls. The distance from sprinklers to the end 'alls shall not eceed one'/al" of the allo'able distance permitted bet'een sprinklers as indicated in Table 5!7!2!2!$! +..3.3 inimum !istance "rom -alls. +..3.3.1 Sprinklers shall be located a minimum of * in! #$02 mm% from an end 'all! +..3.4 inimum !istance 0et=een Sprinklers. Sprinklers shall be spaced not less than . ft #$!5 m% on center! +..4.1 !istance 0elo= $eilin%s an& "rom -alls. +..4.1.1 $eilin%s. +..4.1.1.1 :nless the requirements of 5!7!*!$!$!2 are met, side'all sprinkler deflectors shall be located not more than . in! #$2 mm% or less than * in! #$02 mm% from ceilings! +..4.1.1.2 =orizontal side'all sprinklers shall be permitted to be located in a zone . in! to $2 in! #$2 mm to (0 mm% or $2 in! to $5 in! #(0 mm to *7 mm% belo' noncombustible and limited1 combustible ceilings 'here listed for such use! +..4.1.2 -alls. +..4.1.2.1 -ertical side'all sprinkler deflectors shall be located not more than . in! #$2 mm% or less than * in! #$02 mm% from the 'all they are proGecting from!
+..4.1.2.2 =orizontal side'all sprinkler deflectors shall be located no more than . in! #$2 mm% and are permitted to be located 'ith their deflectors less than * in! #$02 mm% from the 'all on 'hich they are mounted! +..4.1.3 (intels an& So""its. +..4.1.3.1 Side'all sprinklers shall only be installed along 'alls, lintels, or soffits 'here the distance from the ceiling to the bottom of the lintel or soffit is at least 2 in! #$ mm% greater than the distances from the ceiling to side'all sprinkler deflectors! +..4.1.3.2 3here soffits used for the installation of side'all sprinklers eceed 5 in! #20( mm% in 'idth or proGection from the 'all, additional sprinklers shall be installed belo' the soffit! +.14.1+ eturn 0en&s. +.14.1+.1 :nless the requirements of 5!$*!$5!( or 5!$*!$ 5!* are met, return bends shall be used 'here pendent sprinklers are supplied from a ra' 'ater source, a mill pond, or open1top reservoirs! +.14.1+.2 6eturn bends shall be connected to the top of branch lines in order to avoid accumulation of sediment in the drop nipples in accordance 'ith )igure 5!$*!$5!2! +.14.1+ eturn 0en&s. +.14.1+.1 :nless the requirements of 5!$*!$5!( or 5!$*!$ 5!* are met, return bends shall be used 'here pendent sprinklers are supplied from a ra' 'ater source, a mill pond, or open1top reservoirs! +.14.1+.2 6eturn bends shall be connected to the top of branch lines in order to avoid accumulation of sediment in the drop nipples in accordance 'ith )igure 5!$*!$5!2!
11.2.3.1.5 !ensity>Area $ures. The 'ater supply for sprinklers only shall be determined either from the density4area curves of )igure $$!2!(!$! in accordance 'ith the method of $$!2!(!2 or be based upon the room design method in accordance 'ith $$!2!(!(, at the discretion of the designer!
11.2.2.1 Table $$!2!2!$ shall be used in determining the minimum 'ater supply requirements for light and ordinary hazard occupancies protected by systems 'ith pipe sized according to the pipe schedules of Section $*!!
11.2.2.2 +ressure and flo' requirements for etra hazard occupancies shall be based on the hydraulic calculation methods of $$!2!(! 11.2.2.3 The pipe sc/e&ule met/o& shall be permitted only for ne' installations of 5999 "t2 7465 m28 or less or for additions or modifications to eisting pipe schedule systems sized according to the pipe schedules of Section $*!!Table $$!2!2!$ are available at a minimum resi&ual pressure o" 59 psi 73.4 bar8 at t/e /i%/est eleation o" sprinkler.
+.2 Each area requiring more sprinklers than the number specified for 3?'in. 7+,'mm8 pipe in Table $*!!2!2!$ and 'ithout subdividing partitions #not necessarily fire 'alls% shall be supplied by mains or risers sized for or&inary /a#ar& occupancies.
14.5.3 Sc/e&ule "or r&inary a#ar& ccupancies. 14.5.3.1 :nless permitted by $*!!(!2 or $*!!(!(, branch lines shall not eceed eight sprinklers on either side of a cross main! 14.5.3.2 3here more than eight sprinklers on a branch line are necessary, lines shall be permitted to be increased to nine sprinklers by making the t'o end lengths $ in! #2!* mm% and $H in! #(( mm%, respectively, and the sizes thereafter standard! 14.5.3.3 Ten sprinklers shall be permitted to be placed on a branch line, making the t'o end lengths $ in! #2!* mm% and $H in! #(( mm%, respectively, and feeding the tenth sprinkler by a 21in! #.*1mm% pipe!
5-2.2 Water Demand Requirements — Pipe Schedule Method. 5-2.2.1 Table 5-2.2 shall be used in determining the minimum water supply requirements for Light and Ordinary Hazard Occupancies protected by systems with pipe sized according to the pipe schedules of -5. !ressure and "ow requirements for #$tra Hazard Occupancies shall be based on the hydraulic calculation methods of 5-2.%. The pipe schedule method shall be permitted only for new installations of 5&''' ft 2 ()5 m* or less or for additions or modi+cations to e$isting pipe schedule systems sized according to the pipe schedules of ,ection -5. Table 5-2.2 shall be used in determining the minimum water supply requirements. Exception No 1: The pipe schedule method shall be permitted for use in systems exceeding 5,000 ft 2 (!5m2 " #here the $o#s re%uired in Table 5&2'2 are aailable at a minimum residual
pressure of 50 psi ()' bar" at the highest eleation of sprin*ler' Exception No' 2: The pipe schedule method shall be permitted for additions or modi+cations to existing extra haard pipe schedule systems if the pressures and $o#s are determined to be acceptable to the authority haing -urisdiction'
5-2.2.2 The lower duration alue of Table 5-2.2 shall be acceptable only where remote station or central station water"ow alarm serice is proided. 5-2.2.3* The residual pressure requirement of Table 5-2.2 shall be met at the eleation of the highest sprinler. (.ee the Exceptions to 5&2'2'1.* 5-2.2. The lower "ow +gure of Table 5-2.2 shall be permitted only where the building is of noncombustible construction or the potential areas of +re are limited by building size or compartmentation such that no open areas e$ceed %''' sq ft (2/0 m 2* for Light Hazard or )''' sq ft (%/2 m2* for Ordinary Hazard.
5-2.3 Water Demand Requirements — !"draulic #alculation Methods. 5-2.3.1 $eneral. 5-2.3.1.1* The minimum water supply requirements for a hydraulically designed occupancy hazard +re control sprinler system shall be determined by adding the hose stream demand from Table 5-2.% to the water supply for sprinlers determined in 5-2.%.1.2. This supply shall be aailable for the minimum duration speci+ed in Table 5-2.%.
Exception No' 1: /here other N standards hae deeloped sprin*ler system area3density or other design criteria and #ater supply re%uirements appropriate for +re control or suppression of .pecial 4ccupancy aards, they shall ta*e precedence' Exception No' 2: n allo#ance for inside and outside hose shall not be re%uired #here tan*s supply sprin*lers only' Exception No' ): /here pumps ta*ing suction from a priate +re serice main supply sprin*lers only, the pump need not be sied to accommodate inside and outside hose' .uch hose allo#ance shall be considered in ealuating the aailable #ater supplies'
1.Upri%/t sprinkler placin% rule i" t/e ceilin% oi& space is more t/an +99mm nee& to place a upri%/t sprinkler to protection
