cen84959_ap01.qxd cen84959_ap01. qxd 4/27/05 2:59 PM Page 892
892
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Thermodynamics
TABLE A–5 Saturated water—Pressure table Specific volume, m3 /kg Pres s. s., P kPa kPa
Sat. temp., T sat °C
Sat. li qu quid,
S at . v ap apor,
v f
v g
Internal energy, kJ/kg Sat. li qu qui d, d, u f
Evap., u fg
Sat. vapor, u g
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg · K
Sa S at. li qu quid, h f
Ev ap ap., h fg
Sat. vapor, h g
Sat. liqui d, d, s f
2513. 251 3.7 7 2524 25 24.7 .7 2532.9 2532 .9 2539.4 2539 .4 2544.8 2544 .8
0.1 0 .105 059 9 0.195 0.1 956 6 0.260 0.2 606 6 0.311 0.3 118 8 0.354 0.3 543 3
1.0 1.0 1.5 1. 5 2.0 2. 0 2.5 2. 5 3.0 3. 0
6.97 6. 97 13.02 13.0 2 17.5 17 .50 0 21.0 21 .08 8 24.0 24 .08 8
0.0010 0.00 1000 00 129. 129.19 19 0.00 0. 0010 1001 01 87 87.9 .964 64 0.00 0. 0010 1001 01 66 66.9 .990 90 0.00 0. 0010 1002 02 54 54.2 .242 42 0.00 0. 0010 1003 03 45 45.6 .654 54
29.302 29.3 02 2355 2355.2 .2 54.6 54 .686 86 23 2338 38.1 .1 73.4 73 .431 31 2325 2325.5 .5 88.4 88 .422 22 2315 2315.4 .4 100. 10 0.98 98 2306 23 06.9 .9
2384.5 2384 .5 2392 23 92.8 .8 2398 23 98.9 .9 2403 24 03.8 .8 2407 24 07.9 .9
29.303 29.3 03 54.6 54 .688 88 73.4 73 .433 33 88.4 88 .424 24 100. 10 0.98 98
2484 24 84.4 .4 2470 24 70.1 .1 2459 24 59.5 .5 2451 24 51.0 .0 2443 24 43.9 .9
4.0 4.0 5.0 5. 0 7.5 7. 5 10 15
28.96 28.9 6 32.8 32 .87 7 40.2 40 .29 9 45.8 45 .81 1 53.9 53 .97 7
0.0010 0.00 1004 04 0.00 0. 0010 1005 05 0.00 0. 0010 1008 08 0.00 0. 0010 1010 10 0.00 0. 0010 1014 14
121.39 121. 39 137. 13 7.75 75 168. 16 8.74 74 191. 19 1.79 79 225. 22 5.93 93
2293.1 2293 .1 2282 22 82.1 .1 2261 22 61.1 .1 2245 22 45.4 .4 2222 22 22.1 .1
2414.5 2414 .5 2419 24 19.8 .8 2429 24 29.8 .8 2437 24 37.2 .2 2448 24 48.0 .0
121.39 121. 39 137. 13 7.75 75 168. 16 8.75 75 191. 19 1.81 81 225. 22 5.94 94
20 25 30 40 50
60.06 60.0 6 64.9 64 .96 6 69.0 69 .09 9 75.8 75 .86 6 81.3 81 .32 2
0.0010 0.00 1017 17 0.00 0. 0010 1020 20 0.00 0. 0010 1022 22 0.00 0. 0010 1026 26 0.00 0. 0010 1030 30
7.6481 7.64 81 6.20 6. 2034 34 5.22 5. 2287 87 3.99 3. 9933 33 3.24 3. 2403 03
251.40 251. 40 271. 27 1.93 93 289. 28 9.24 24 317. 31 7.58 58 340. 34 0.49 49
2204.6 2204 .6 2190 21 90.4 .4 2178 21 78.5 .5 2158 21 58.8 .8 2142 21 42.7 .7
2456.0 2456 .0 2462 24 62.4 .4 2467 24 67.7 .7 2476 24 76.3 .3 2483 24 83.2 .2
75 91.7 91 .76 6 100 100 99.6 99 .61 1 101. 10 1.32 325 5 99 99.9 .97 7 125 12 5 105.97 105. 97 150 15 0 111. 11 1.35 35
0.0010 0.00 1037 37 0.00 0. 0010 1043 43 0.00 0. 0010 1043 43 0.00 0. 0010 1048 48 0.00 0. 0010 1053 53
2.2172 2.21 72 1.69 1. 6941 41 1.67 1. 6734 34 1.37 1. 3750 50 1.15 1. 1594 94
384.36 384. 36 417. 41 7.40 40 418. 41 8.95 95 444. 44 4.23 23 466. 46 6.97 97
2111.8 2111 .8 2088 20 88.2 .2 2087 20 87.0 .0 2068 20 68.8 .8 2052 20 52.3 .3
175 175 200 20 0 225 22 5 250 25 0 275 27 5
116.04 116. 04 120. 12 0.21 21 123. 12 3.97 97 127. 12 7.41 41 130. 13 0.58 58
0.0010 0.00 1057 57 0.00 0. 0010 1061 61 0.00 0. 0010 1064 64 0.00 0. 0010 1067 67 0.00 0. 0010 1070 70
1.0037 1.00 37 486.82 486. 82 0.88 0. 8857 578 8 504 504.5 .50 0 0.79 0. 7932 329 9 520 520.4 .47 7 0.71 0. 7187 873 3 535 535.0 .08 8 0.65 0. 6573 732 2 548 548.5 .57 7
300 300 325 32 5 350 35 0 375 37 5 400 40 0
133.52 133. 52 136. 13 6.27 27 138. 13 8.86 86 141. 14 1.30 30 143. 14 3.61 61
0.0010 0.00 1073 73 0.00 0. 0010 1076 76 0.00 0. 0010 1079 79 0.00 0. 0010 1081 81 0.00 0. 0010 1084 84
0.6058 0.60 582 2 0.56 0. 5619 199 9 0.52 0. 5242 422 2 0.49 0. 4913 133 3 0.46 0. 4624 242 2
450 450 500 50 0 550 55 0 600 60 0 650 65 0
147.90 147. 90 151. 15 1.83 83 155. 15 5.46 46 158. 15 8.83 83 161. 16 1.98 98
0.0010 0.00 1088 88 0.00 0. 0010 1093 93 0.00 0. 0010 1097 97 0.00 0. 0011 1101 01 0.00 0. 0011 1104 04
700 700 750 75 0
164.95 164. 95 167. 16 7.75 75
0.0011 0.00 1108 08 0.00 0. 0011 1111 11
Evv ap E ap., s fg
Sat. v ap apor, s g
8.869 8.8 690 0 8.63 8. 6314 14 8.4621 8.46 21 8.3302 8.33 02 8.2222 8.22 22
8.9 8 .974 749 9 8.827 8.8 270 0 8.722 8.7 227 7 8.642 8.6 421 1 8.576 8.5 765 5
2432.3 2432 .3 25 2553 53.7 .7 2423 24 23.0 .0 2560 2560.7 .7 2405 24 05.3 .3 2574 2574.0 .0 2392 23 92.1 .1 258 2583. 3.9 9 2372 23 72.3 .3 259 2598. 8.3 3
0.4 0 .422 224 4 8. 8.05 0510 10 0.476 0.4 762 2 7.91 7.9176 76 0.576 0.5 763 3 7.67 7.6738 38 0.649 0.6 492 2 7.4 7.499 996 6 0.754 0.7 549 9 7.2 7.252 522 2
8.4 8 .473 734 4 8.393 8.3 938 8 8.250 8.2 501 1 8.148 8.1 488 8 8.007 8.0 071 1
251.42 251. 42 271. 27 1.96 96 289. 28 9.27 27 317. 31 7.62 62 340. 34 0.54 54
2357.5 2357 .5 2345 23 45.5 .5 2335 23 35.3 .3 2318 23 18.4 .4 2304 23 04.7 .7
260 2 608. 8.9 9 2617. 261 7.5 5 2624. 262 4.6 6 2636. 263 6.1 1 2645. 264 5.2 2
0.8 0 .832 320 0 0.893 0.8 932 2 0.944 0.9 441 1 1.026 1.0 261 1 1.091 1.0 912 2
7.0 7 .075 752 2 6.937 6.9 370 0 6.823 6.8 234 4 6.643 6.6 430 0 6.501 6.5 019 9
7.9 7 .907 073 3 7.830 7.8 302 2 7.767 7.7 675 5 7.669 7.6 691 1 7.593 7.5 931 1
2496.1 2496 .1 2505 25 05.6 .6 2506 25 06.0 .0 2513 25 13.0 .0 2519 25 19.2 .2
384.44 384. 44 417. 41 7.51 51 419. 41 9.06 06 444. 44 4.36 36 467. 46 7.13 13
2278.0 2278 .0 266 2662. 2.4 4 2257 22 57.5 .5 267 2675. 5.0 0 2256 22 56.5 .5 267 2675. 5.6 6 2240 22 40.6 .6 2684 2684.9 .9 2226 22 26.0 .0 2693 2693.1 .1
1.2 1 .213 132 2 1.302 1.3 028 8 1.3069 1.30 69 1.37 1. 3741 41 1.43 1. 4337 37
6.2 6 .242 426 6 6.056 6.0 562 2 6.0476 6.04 76 5.910 5.9 100 0 5.789 5.7 894 4
7.4 7 .455 558 8 7.358 7.3 589 9 7.3545 7.35 45 7.2841 7.28 41 7.2231 7.22 31
2037.7 2037 .7 2024 20 24.6 .6 2012 20 12.7 .7 2001 20 01.8 .8 1991 19 91.6 .6
2524.5 2524 .5 2529 25 29.1 .1 2533 25 33.2 .2 2536 25 36.8 .8 2540 25 40.1 .1
487.01 487. 01 504. 50 4.71 71 520. 52 0.71 71 535. 53 5.35 35 548. 54 8.86 86
2213.1 2213 .1 2201 22 01.6 .6 2191 21 91.0 .0 2181 21 81.2 .2 2172 21 72.0 .0
2700 27 00.2 .2 2706.3 2706 .3 2711.7 2711 .7 2716.5 2716 .5 2720.9 2720 .9
1.4850 1.48 50 1.53 1. 5302 02 1.57 1. 5706 06 1.60 1. 6072 72 1.64 1. 6408 08
5.6 5 .686 865 5 7.17 7.1716 16 5.596 5.5 968 8 7.12 7.1270 70 5.517 5.5 171 1 7.08 7.0877 77 5.445 5.4 453 3 7.05 7.0525 25 5.380 5.3 800 0 7.02 7.0207 07
561 5 61.1 .11 1 572.8 572 .84 4 583.8 583 .89 9 594.3 594 .32 2 604.2 604 .22 2
1982.1 1982 .1 1973 19 73.1 .1 1964 19 64.6 .6 1956 19 56.6 .6 1948 19 48.9 .9
2543.2 2543 .2 2545 25 45.9 .9 2548 25 48.5 .5 2550 25 50.9 .9 2553 25 53.1 .1
561.43 561. 43 573. 57 3.19 19 584. 58 4.26 26 594. 59 4.73 73 604. 60 4.66 66
2163.5 2163 .5 2155 21 55.4 .4 2147 21 47.7 .7 2140 21 40.4 .4 2133 21 33.4 .4
2724 27 24.9 .9 2728.6 2728 .6 2732.0 2732 .0 2735.1 2735 .1 2738.1 2738 .1
1.6717 1.67 17 1.70 1. 7005 05 1.72 1. 7274 74 1.75 1. 7526 26 1.77 1. 7765 65
5.3 5 .320 200 0 5.264 5.2 645 5 5.212 5.2 128 8 5.164 5.1 645 5 5.119 5.1 191 1
6.99 6. 9917 17 6.9650 6.96 50 6.9402 6.94 02 6.9171 6.91 71 6.8955 6.89 55
0.4139 0.41 392 2 0.37 0. 3748 483 3 0.34 0. 3426 261 1 0.31 0. 3156 560 0 0.29 0. 2926 260 0
622 6 22.6 .65 5 639.5 639 .54 4 655.1 655 .16 6 669.7 669 .72 2 683.3 683 .37 7
1934.5 1934 .5 1921 19 21.2 .2 1908 19 08.8 .8 1897 18 97.1 .1 1886 18 86.1 .1
2557.1 2557 .1 2560 25 60.7 .7 2563 25 63.9 .9 2566 25 66.8 .8 2569 25 69.4 .4
623.14 623. 14 640. 64 0.09 09 655. 65 5.77 77 670. 67 0.38 38 684. 68 4.08 08
2120.3 2120 .3 2108 21 08.0 .0 2096 20 96.6 .6 2085 20 85.8 .8 2075 20 75.5 .5
2743 27 43.4 .4 2748.1 2748 .1 2752.4 2752 .4 2756.2 2756 .2 2759.6 2759 .6
1.8205 1.82 05 1.86 1. 8604 04 1.89 1. 8970 70 1.93 1. 9308 08 1.96 1. 9623 23
5.0 5 .035 356 6 4.960 4.9 603 3 4.891 4.8 916 6 4.828 4.8 285 5 4.769 4.7 699 9
6.85 6. 8561 61 6.8207 6.82 07 6.7886 6.78 86 6.7593 6.75 93 6.7322 6.73 22
0.2727 0.27 278 8 0.25 0. 2555 552 2
696 6 96.2 .23 3 708.4 708 .40 0
1875.6 1875 .6 1865 18 65.6 .6
2571.8 2571 .8 2574 25 74.0 .0
697.00 697. 00 709. 70 9.24 24
2065.8 2065 .8 2056 20 56.4 .4
2762 27 62.8 .8 1. 1.99 9918 18 2765.7 2765 .7 2. 2.01 0195 95
4.7 4 .715 153 3 4.664 4.6 642 2
6.70 6. 7071 71 6.6837 6.68 37
34.791 34.7 91 28.1 28 .185 85 19.2 19 .233 33 14.6 14 .670 70 10.0 10 .020 20
cen84959_ap01.qxd 4/27/05 2:59 PM Page 893
Appendix 1
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893
TABLE A–5 Saturated water—Pressure table (Continued ) Specific volume, m3 /kg Sat. tem p., T sat °C
Sat. li quid,
Sat. vapor,
v f
v g
800 850 900 950 1000
170.41 172.94 175.35 177.66 179.88
0.001115 0.001118 0.001121 0.001124 0.001127
1100 1200 1300 1400 1500
184.06 187.96 191.60 195.04 198.29
1750 2000 2250 2500 3000
Internal energy, kJ/kg
Enthalpy, kJ/kg
Entropy, kJ/kg · K
Sat. l iqui d, u f
E vap., u fg
Sat. vapor, u g
Sat. l iquid, h f
Ev ap., h fg
Sat. vapor, h g
0.24035 0.22690 0.21489 0.20411 0.19436
719.97 731.00 741.55 751.67 761.39
1856.1 1846.9 1838.1 1829.6 1821.4
2576.0 2577.9 2579.6 2581.3 2582.8
720.87 731.95 742.56 752.74 762.51
2047.5 2038.8 2030.5 2022.4 2014.6
2768.3 2770.8 2773.0 2775.2 2777.1
2.0457 2.0705 2.0941 2.1166 2.1381
4.6160 4.5705 4.5273 4.4862 4.4470
6.6616 6.6409 6.6213 6.6027 6.5850
0.001133 0.001138 0.001144 0.001149 0.001154
0.17745 0.16326 0.15119 0.14078 0.13171
779.78 796.96 813.10 828.35 842.82
1805.7 1790.9 1776.8 1763.4 1750.6
2585.5 2587.8 2589.9 2591.8 2593.4
781.03 798.33 814.59 829.96 844.55
1999.6 1985.4 1971.9 1958.9 1946.4
2780.7 2783.8 2786.5 2788.9 2791.0
2.1785 2.2159 2.2508 2.2835 2.3143
4.3735 4.3058 4.2428 4.1840 4.1287
6.5520 6.5217 6.4936 6.4675 6.4430
205.72 212.38 218.41 223.95 233.85
0.001166 0.001177 0.001187 0.001197 0.001217
0.11344 876.12 0.099587 906.12 0.088717 933.54 0.079952 958.87 0.066667 1004.6
1720.6 1693.0 1667.3 1643.2 1598.5
2596.7 878.16 2599.1 908.47 2600.9 936.21 2602.1 961.87 2603.2 1008.3
1917.1 1889.8 1864.3 1840.1 1794.9
2795.2 2798.3 2800.5 2801.9 2803.2
2.3844 2.4467 2.5029 2.5542 2.6454
4.0033 6.3877 3.8923 6.3390 3.7926 6.2954 3.7016 6.2558 3.5402 6.1856
3500 4000 5000 6000 7000
242.56 250.35 263.94 275.59 285.83
0.001235 0.001252 0.001286 0.001319 0.001352
0.057061 0.049779 0.039448 0.032449 0.027378
1045.4 1082.4 1148.1 1205.8 1258.0
1557.6 1519.3 1448.9 1384.1 1323.0
2603.0 2601.7 2597.0 2589.9 2581.0
1049.7 1087.4 1154.5 1213.8 1267.5
1753.0 1713.5 1639.7 1570.9 1505.2
2802.7 2800.8 2794.2 2784.6 2772.6
2.7253 2.7966 2.9207 3.0275 3.1220
3.3991 3.2731 3.0530 2.8627 2.6927
8000 9000 10,000 11,000 12,000
295.01 303.35 311.00 318.08 324.68
0.001384 0.001418 0.001452 0.001488 0.001526
0.023525 0.020489 0.018028 0.015988 0.014264
1306.0 1350.9 1393.3 1433.9 1473.0
1264.5 1207.6 1151.8 1096.6 1041.3
2570.5 2558.5 2545.2 2530.4 2514.3
1317.1 1363.7 1407.8 1450.2 1491.3
1441.6 1379.3 1317.6 1256.1 1194.1
2758.7 2742.9 2725.5 2706.3 2685.4
3.2077 3.2866 3.3603 3.4299 3.4964
2.5373 5.7450 2.3925 5.6791 2.2556 5.6159 2.1245 5.5544 1.9975 5.4939
13,000 14,000 15,000 16,000 17,000
330.85 336.67 342.16 347.36 352.29
0.001566 0.001610 0.001657 0.001710 0.001770
0.012781 0.011487 0.010341 0.009312 0.008374
1511.0 1548.4 1585.5 1622.6 1660.2
985.5 928.7 870.3 809.4 745.1
2496.6 2477.1 2455.7 2432.0 2405.4
1531.4 1571.0 1610.3 1649.9 1690.3
1131.3 1067.0 1000.5 931.1 857.4
2662.7 2637.9 2610.8 2581.0 2547.7
3.5606 3.6232 3.6848 3.7461 3.8082
1.8730 1.7497 1.6261 1.5005 1.3709
5.4336 5.3728 5.3108 5.2466 5.1791
18,000 19,000 20,000 21,000 22,000 22,064
356.99 361.47 365.75 369.83 373.71 373.95
0.001840 0.001926 0.002038 0.002207 0.002703 0.003106
0.007504 0.006677 0.005862 0.004994 0.003644 0 .003106
1699.1 1740.3 1785.8 1841.6 1951.7 2015.7
675.9 598.9 509.0 391.9 140.8 0
2375.0 2339.2 2294.8 2233.5 2092.4 2015.7
1732.2 1776.8 1826.6 1888.0 2011.1 2084.3
777.8 689.2 585.5 450.4 161.5 0
2510.0 2466.0 2412.1 2338.4 2172.6 2084.3
3.8720 3.9396 4.0146 4.1071 4.2942 4.4070
1.2343 1.0860 0.9164 0.7005 0.2496 0
5.1064 5.0256 4.9310 4.8076 4.5439 4.4070
Press ., P kPa
Sat. l iquid, s f
E vap., s fg
Sat. vapor, s g
6.1244 6.0696 5.9737 5.8902 5.8148
