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Before knowing the journal entries, I am again explaining VAT. VAT is value added
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tax. ta x. India is adopting VAT formula formula from western countries. Before this, sale tax
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was collected. Value added tax is charged on purchase and sale. On purchase, it
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will be VAT input. On sale, it will be VAT Output. Excess of VAT output over VAT
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input will deposit in state Govt. account. If you are buying or selling the Good
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which are under VAT, you have to keep its record.
For recording, you have to pass following journal entries of VAT. 1.
When Goods are bought and you have to pay both purchase value and VAT input or paid both, at that time, following journal entry will be passed. Purchase Account Dr. (Value of Purchase) VAT Input Account Dr. ( VAT on Purchase) Cash or Bank or Name of Creditor Account Cr. (Value of Purchase + VAT input) Reason of this Journal Entry : We have bought the goods, it increases our current asset. Increase of asset will always debit. VAT input is also our current Asset or Negative Current Liability
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Input account will automatically written off. If VAT input will be more than VAT
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Output, we h ave to Get money from Govt. So, VAT input account will be Debit. If
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we are final consumer, we need not show the VAT Input account, its cost will be
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included in purchase account. So, purchase expense will increase and debit in our
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because We paid this to our creditor creditor or or supplier (for paying govt.) but still our net liability has not been fixed. If we received VAT output same to VAT input, then VAT
journal entry. 2.
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When Goods are Sold and you have to receive both Sale Value and VAT Output or received both, at that time, following journal entry will be passed Cash or Bank or Name of of Customer Account Account Dr. (Value of Purchase + VAT output)
Sale Account Cr. (Value of Sale) VAT Output Account Cr. (VAT on Sale) Reason of this Journal Entry :
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When we sell any goods we receive cash or bank. If we sell the goods on credit, we have to get money from our customer. So, Receivable money from our customer is just like given loan. So, it is also increase of our current asset. So, in case of cash sale, we will debit cash or bank account. In case of credit sale, we will debit to debtor or customer account. We will credit to sale account because in sale, we transfer the ownership of goods to other party. So, it is decrease of our current
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asset. So, sale account will be credit. All the amount of VAT which we will receive on sale will not go to our pocket. It is the money of Govt. Because Govt. can not
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get the money of tax from each part, so, we have obtained the tax on the behalf of Govt. So, it is increase in our current liability. So, this account will credit. Facebook social plugin
3.
When We pay the Net VAT (Payable) to Government. At that time, following journal entry will be passed.
Net VAT Payable Account Dr. ( Excess of VAT Output over VAT In put) Bank Account Cr.
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Reason of this Journal Entry : When we will debit VAT Payable account, it means, we are decreasing our current tax liability. Every payment through bank account will decrease our current asset, so bank account will credit. We have to show only excess of VAT output over VAT Input because the VAT which we have to pay already through purchasing need to pay again. So, we wil l deduct VAT input from VAT output.
4.
When there is the Change in VAT input or VAT output Rates, at that time following Entry will be passed.
I have already explained that State Govt. can change the VAT Rates and its applying date. So, if you have passed the journal entries with old rate, you need to adjust your VAT Entries. Different accounting software have different procedure to adjust it more fastly, you can learn the procedure at here. Adjustment journal entry will be different, if we have different case. Means, VAT input same but increased VAT Output. Or VAT input incr eased but same the VAT Output. If both VAT input and VAT out has increased. Following is its example Because VAT is increased from 4% t o 5%. It m eans net increase in input vat is only 1%. Total purchase is Rs. 100 0. Total purchase's 1% is Rs. 10 and surcharge is 10% w hich is calculated on Rs. 50 and it will be Rs. 5. So, total value of vat increase is Rs. 15.
It means our (creditors) current liability will increase. So, VAT input account Dr. 15 Creditor Account Cr. 15 Accept the voucher entry. Pass next voucher entry for adjusting vat output. Because VAT Out is increased from 4% t o 5%. It means net increase in Output vat is only 1%. Total sale is Rs. 200 0. Total sale's 1% is Rs. 20 an d surcharge is 10% w hich is calculated on Rs. 100 and it will be Rs. 10. So, total value of vat increase is Rs. 20+ 1 0 = Rs. 30
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3 comments: gurpreet kaur Mata, July 29, 2013 at 10:48 PM very simple n well explained...Thanks a ton...
Anonymous, January 17, 2014 at 2:37 AM Its been very informative, thanks aton for your kind help
Toye, March 16, 2014 at 1:32 PM Your are right. We can also say that the VAT payable to the revenue authority is VAT output - VAT input . It can also be referred to as NET VAT.
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