Malware y dispositivos móviles

Bwhngtj` ng j`~hr ngm

@DRGTYH^@TO@ c

Ojr~o~w~`Jhbo`jhm ng^gbj`m`fëhr ngmhB`kwjobhboòj

KHMVHTG _ NORU@RO^OY@R KÒYOMGR

Gm ~gmïi`j` kòyom gr wj` ng m`r noru`ro~oy`r gmgb~tòjob`r ng kh`t wr` hb~whmkgj~g* M`r ~gtkojhmgr xwg- gj wj utojbouo`- gr~hdhj ngr~ojhn`r h khj~gjgt h n`r ugtr`jhr b`kwjobhnhr kgnohj~g y`q- lhj høhnon` uhwmh~ojhkgj~g kèr  kèr iwjbo`jhmonhngr g|~th* ^hm gr mh bhj~onhn ng u`rodomonhngr  iwjbo`jgr xwg `itgbg wj ~gmïi`j` kòyom l` gj nëh xwg rg lh hbwøhn` wj jwgy` ~ïtkoj` uhth ngj`kojht h gr~`r noru`ro~oy`r1 rkht~ul`jgr ` rkht~ul`jgr ` ~gmïi`j`r oj~gmofgj~gr* Tgbogj~gkgj~g lhj huhtgbon` `~t`r fhnfg~r 8 ~gbj`mòfob`r xwg `itgbgj ,gj wj ~hkhø` hmf` kh`t/ mhr korkhr u`rodomonhngr xwg m`r ñm~ok`r ~gmïi`j`r kòyomgr- ugt` roj mh u`rodomonhn ng tghmoqht mmhkhnhr- u`t hl`th* Rg ro~ñhj gj~tg gm ~gmïi`j` kòyom  m`r jg~d``cr 4   rg mgr lh mmhkhn` ~hdmg~r ` ~hdmg~r ` ~hdmg~hr gmgb~tòjobhr* M`r rkht~ul`jgr   ~hdmg~r  lhj ojb`tu`thn` mh b`kumgaonhn ngm `tngjhn`t ng wr` ugtr`jhm- b`j mhr ygj~hahr xwg gr~` b`jmmgyh* Roj gkdhtf`- gr~g hyhjbg lh ~gjon` b`k` b`jrgbwgjboh gigb~`r b`mh~gthmgr kgj`r ngrghdmgr- b`k` r`j m`r ut`dmgkhr ng rgfwtonhn  mh btghboòj ng khmvhtg grugbëiob`* Mh huhtoboòj ng gr~g ~ou` ng bònof` khmobo`r`- gj~tg `~t`r ihb~`tgr- lh ron` ut`uobohnh u`t mh fthj bhj~onhn ng nh~`r ugtr`jhmgr  ng yhm`t xwg rg hmkhbgjhj gj m`r ~gmïi`j`r  ~hdmg~r- b`jr~o~wgjn` wj yhmo`r` d`~ëj uhth m`r h~hbhj~gr*

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°Xwï `dag~oy` oj~gtgrh gj wj noru`ro~oy` kòyom0

Wjh ng mhr utojbouhmgr thq`jgr u`t mhr xwg m`r btghn`tgr ng khmvhtg lhj ngbonon` hkumoht rw thjf` ng hbboòj h m`r noru`ro~oy`r kòyomgr- gr mh fthj bhj~onhn ng oji`tkhboòj ng yhm`t hmkhbgjhnh gj gmm`r  gm lgbl` ng xwg- bhnh ygq b`j kh`t itgbwgjboh- rg tghmobgj `ugthbo`jgr ng jhygfhboòj h ~thyïr ng gmm`r* Yghk`r bwèmgr r`j m`r utojbouhmgr `dag~oy`r xwg rg gjbwgj~thj gj gm uwj~` ng koth ng m`r btghn`tgr ng r`i~vhtg khmobo`r` uhth noru`ro~oy`r kòyomgr*

J`kdtgr ng wrwhto`r  b`j~thrgøhr Hb~whmkgj~g- gm hbbgr` h mh kh`tëh ng iwjbo`jhmonhngr gj mh tgn tgxwogtg ng wj wrwhto`  wjh b`j~thrgøh* Gr~`r ro~o`r rwgmgj u`rggt oji`tkhboòj ugtr`jhm xwg j` gr~è noru`jodmg uñdmobhkgj~g- roj` xwg ugt~gjgbg g|bmwroyhkgj~g hm wrwhto` ,b`ttg`r- nh~`r ugtr`jhmgroji`tkhboòj b`jiongjbohmb`jiongjbohm- g~b*/* Mh `d~gjboòj ng hkd`r yhm`tgr ,ongj~oiobhn`t ngm wrwhto`  8

Noru`ro~oy` b`j wj ut`uòro~`  iwjboòj grugbëiob`r- fgjgthmkgj~g ng ugxwgøhr ut`u`tbo`jgr- utèb~ob` g ojj`yhn`t* Rwgmgj ~gjgt wj norgø` kèr ojfgjo`r` xwg gm ng mh ~gbj`m`fëh b`ttogj~g*

4

@tngjhn`t u`t~è~om ng tgnwbonhr nokgjro`jgr*

@DRGTYH^@TO@ NG MH RGFWTONHN NG MH OJI@TKHBOÒJ Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

l~~u1`drgtyh~`to`*oj~gb`*gr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng n g mh Oji`tkhboò O ji`tkhboòj j

Uèfojh 8 ng 88

rw b`j~thrgøh/ ugtko~otëh rwumhj~ht mh ongj~onhn ng mh ugtr`jh h mh xwg mg lhj ron` rwr~thën` m`r nh~`r* ^hkdoïj ugtko~otëh h wj h~hbhj~g `d~gjgt hbbgr` h `~t`r nh~`r ng ëjn`mg ugtr`jhm* Tgrugb~` h mhr b`j~thrgøhr w~omoqhnhr uhth mh dhjbh `jmojg- j` gr wj nh~` xwg rg rwgmh hmkhbgjht b`k` ~hm gj wj noru`ro~oy` kòyom- ugt` ñm~okhkgj~g hmfwjhr gj~onhngr dhjbhtohr lhj b`kgjqhn` h gjyoht RKR b`j b`j~thrgøhr ~gku`thmgr ,lhdo~whmkgj~g ng wj r`m` wr`/ uhth gm hbbgr` h bogt~`r rgtyobo`r* Hj~g gr~h kgnonh ng rgfwtonhn- ~t`hj`r b`k` gm b`j`bon` Qgwr lhj lgbl` rw huhtoboòj gj noygtrhr umh~hi`tkhr- gj~tg gmmhr Dmhbcdgtt- n`jng oj~gtbgu~h m`r RKR b`j mhr bmhygr gjyohnhr u`t mh gj~onhn dhjbhtoh 2* @~thr i`tkhr gj mhr xwg u`ntëhj rgt w~omoqhnhr wjhr btgngjbohmgr t`dhnhr j` higb~hj ng i`tkh ~hj notgb~h hm wrwhto` h~hbhn`* H ygbgr- xwogjgr gr~èj ng~tèr ngm t`d` ng mhr btgngjbohmgr- rokumgkgj~g ngrghj lhbgt mmgfht uwdmobonhn ugtr`jhmoqhnh ` w~omoqht mh bwgj~h uhth tghmoqht gjfhø`r kèr btgëdmgr- u`t gagkum` gjyohjn` ngrng grh bwgj~h kgjrhagr h ~`n`r m`r b`j~hb~`r b`j gjmhbgr h ro~o`r vgd khmobo`r`r* Hb~whmkgj~g- gj m`r rkht~ul`jgr   ~hdmg~r  rg uwgng mmgfht h hmkhbgjht mh korkh bhj~onhn ng b`j~thrgøhr xwg gj wj `tngjhn`t ng r`dtgkgrh* Gj b`jbtg~`- gr b`kñj fwhtnht mhr btgngjbohmgr ng rgtyobo`r ng tgngr r`bohmgr ,Ihbgd``c- ^wgj~o- ^vo~~gt^ vo~~gt- g~b*/ ` ng b`kwjobhboòj ojr~hj~èjgh ,Vlh~rHuu- Rcug- Kgrrgjfgt- g~b*/*

Nh~`r ng i`tkwmhto`r @~t`r uwj~`r ngrng n`jng rg u`ntëhj `d~gjgt nh~`r ugtr`jhmgr ng oj~gtïr r`j ~`n`r m`r i`tkwmhto`r ng mhr vgdr h mhr xwg rg rwgmg hbbgngt ngrng gr~`r noru`ro~oy`r* M`r i`tkwmhto`r kèr ngrghn`r u`t m`r h~hbhj~gr r`j m`r tgmh~oy`r h b`kuthr `jmojg- gj m`r xwg rg oj~t`nwbgj m`r nh~`r bwh `d~gjboòj uwgng ~thnwbotrg tèuonhkgj~g gj dgjgiobo`r gb`jòkob`r- b`k` r`j m`r tgigtgj~gr h ~htag~hr ng btïno~`* Gm hwkgj~` ng mh w~omoqhboòj ng mh dhjbh `jmojg h ~thyïr ng noru`ro~oy`r kòyomgr- fthbohr h xwg ngrng mhr korkhr gj~onhngr rg ihbomo~h gm hbbgr` hnhu~hjn` rwr vgdr ` ngrhtt`mmhjn` humobhbo`jgr uhth fgr~o`jhtm`- gr `~t` ng m`r utojbouhmgr ihb~`tgr xwg gr~è h~thgjn` gm norgø` ng khmvhtg uhth gr~hr umh~hi`tkhr*

Nh~`r  n`bwkgj~`r utoyhn`r Huht~g ng m`r nh~`r ugtr`jhmgr grugbëiob`r- ~hkdoïj ~ogjg fthj oj~gtïr mh `d~gjboòj ng n`bwkgj~`r xwg ròm` rg gjbwgj~thj noru`jodmgr gj bogt~`r bëtbwm`r bgtthn`r* Gj gr~g rgj~on` u`ntëh ojbmwotrg gm gruo`jhag ojnwr~tohm  gm t`d` ng n`bwkgj~`r ng èkdo~`

2

QgwR Ko~k`1 Khj+oj+~lg+k`domg1 l~~u1rgbwto~dm`f* l~~u1rgbwto~dm`f*r48rgb*b`k45 r48rgb*b`k45855?qgwr+ko~k`+khj+oj 855?qgwr+ko~k`+khj+oj+k`domg+o*l~km +k`domg+o*l~km

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh 4 ng 88

ugtr`jhm* B`jbtg~hkgj~g- gm h~hbhj~g xwg dwrxwg gr~g ~ou` ng oji`tkhboòj rg bgj~thtè utojbouhmkgj~g utojbouhmkgj~g gj i`~`fthiëhr- b`ttg`r gmgb~tòjob`r gmgb~tòjob`r  kgjrhagr RKR ` KKR* Mh b`k`nonhn  ihbomonhn xwg ut`uoboh mh w~omoqhboòj ng ~hdmg~hr gmgb~tòjobhr uhth mh mgb~wth ng ~`n` ~ou` ng n`bwkgj~`r ng ~g|~` ` yorwhmoqhboòj ng okèfgjgr- nohfthkhr- g~b*~hkdoïj ut`uoboh gm hmkhbgjhkogj~` ng gr~`r htbloy`r gj gm huhth~`* Ngdon` h mh k`yomonhn  iwjbo`jhmonhn xwg ut`u`tbo`jhj- lhj tgrwm~hn` rgt kw u`uwmhtgr gj gj~`tj`r gkutgrhtohmgr* _h rg lhj b`j`bon` bhr`r ng ugtr`jhagr ihk`r`r xwg lhj ron` yëb~okhr ng gr~`r h~hxwgr- h m`r xwg mgr iwgt`j rwr~thën`r nh~`r ugtr`jhmgr- i`~`r b`kut`kg~onhr ` oji`tkhboòj tgmgyhj~g* Gj hmfwj`r bhr`r rg uwgng mmgfht h ugnot wj tgrbh~g u`t gr~`r nh~`r*

Kgjrhagr utgkowk J` rogkutg gm `dag~oy` ngm khmvhtg gr fgjgtht wj dgjgiobo` fthbohr h mh `d~gjboòj ng nh~`r ` b`j~thrgøhr xwg kèr ~htng uwgnhj rgt w~omoqhnhr* G|or~g wjh yëh kèr tèuonh ng mwbthtrg fthbohr h mh ojigbboòj ng wj noru`ro~oy` kòyom-  rw ñjob` tgxwgtokogj~` gr xwg ïr~g u`rgh mh bhuhbonhn ng gjyoht kgjrhagr ng ~g|~`* G|or~g khmvhtg uhth kòyomgr oj~gmofgj~gr xwg rg gjbhtfh ng nht mhr òtngjgr ugt~ojgj~gr hm ~gmïi`j` uhth gjyoht kgjrhagr h jñkgt`r utgkowk >* M`r kgjrhagr gjyohn`r ojhnygt~onhkgj~g u`t gm ~gmïi`j` hm jñkgt` ,xwg gr ut`uognhn ngm h~hbhj~g ` rg gjbwgj~thj hr`bohn`r/- fgjgthj wjh b`koroòj ng mh xwg `d~ogjg wj dgjgiobo` notgb~`* Wj bhr` ng gr~g u`uwmht khmvhtg xwg higb~h b`jbtg~hkgj~g h noru`ro~oy`r Hjnt`on gr mh ihkomoh Hjnt`on*Uahuur* M`r wrwhto`r rwgmgj ugtbh~htrg ngm ut`dmgkh bwhjn` tgbodgj kgjrhagr RKR j` r`mobo~hn`r- u`t m`r xwg rg mgr b`dth wjh bhj~onhn- ` bwhjn` tgbodgj wjh ihb~wth xwg j` b`ttgru`jng b`j mh tghmonhn ng wr`* @~th yhtognhn ng h~hxwg rokomht b`jror~g gj ojr~ht hm wrwhto` h tghmoqht wjh mmhkhnh ` h gjyoht wj kgjrhag h gr~g ~ou` ng ~gmïi`j`r* Mh utojbouhm yëh uhth tghmoqht gr~g h~hxwg rwgmg rgt h ~thyïr ng RKR gj gm xwg rg ut`kg~g wj utgko` ` tgb`kugjrh u`t gm gjyë` ng kgjrhagr* Gr~g bhr` j` okumobh ojigbboòj- roj` ojfgjogtëh r`bohm*

Rgbwgr~t` ngm noru`ro~oy` M`r ~gtkojhmgr ugtko~gj- h ~thyïr ng noigtgj~gr kï~`n`r- dm`xwght gm ror~gkh uhth xwg j` uwgnh rgt w~omoqhn` ro j` rg b`j`bg wj bònof` gj b`jbtg~`* ^hkdoïj gr u`rodmg ngrlhdomo~ht mhr mmhkhnhr ` j` ugtko~ot gm hbbgr` h m`r nh~`r hmkhbgjhn`r kgnohj~g gm boithn`*

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Jñkgt`r ng ~htoiobhboòj grugbohm xwg `itgbgj rgtyobo`r ng j`~oiobhboòj  gjyë` ng RKR h wj utgbo` rwugto`t hm lhdo~whm*

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh 2 ng 88

G|or~g khmvhtg uhth kòyomgr xwg dm`xwgh gm hbbgr` h m`r nh~`r ` h bogt~hr iwjbo`jhmonhngr- uonogjn` wj tgrbh~g uhth tgbwugtht gm gr~hn` `tofojhm ngm noru`ro~oy`* R`j ~ïbjobhr h w~omoqhnhr b`j ï|o~` gj m`r `tngjhn`tgr ng r`dtgkgrh* Gr~g ~ou` ng khmvhtg gr b`j`bon` b`k` $thjr`kvhtg  $thjr`kvhtg $* $*

OO

@~t`r `dag~oy`r ngm khmvhtg

Hngkèr ngm t`d` ng oji`tkhboòj  mh dñrxwgnh ng fhjhjbohr gb`jòkobhr- g|or~gj `~thr u`rodmgr k`~oyhbo`jgr uhth m`r h~hxwgr g ojigbbo`jgr ng noru`ro~oy`r kòyomgr*

Ngk`r~thboòj ng bhuhbonhn Hwjxwg mh fthj kh`tëh ngm khmvhtg xwg hb~whmkgj~g rg btgh  rg gjbwgj~th gj botbwmhboòj ~ogjg b`k` `dag~oy` mh dñrxwgnh ng wj dgjgiobo` gb`jòkob` ,notgb~` ` ojnotgb~`/- ~`nhyëh gr u`rodmg gjb`j~tht bònof` khmobo`r` xwg rg bgj~th utojbouhmkgj~g utojbouhmkgj~g gj mh ngk`r~thboòj ng u`ngt ngm btghn`t* Ojobohmkgj~g- gr~g ~ou` ng khmvhtg rg tghmoqh b`j gm ioj ng u`jgt h utwgdh m`r b`j`bokogj~`r  ngr~tgqh ng xwogj m` fgjgth* Gr~g iwg gm `tofgj ng mhr utokgthr kwgr~thr ng khmvhtg xwg lobogt`j rw huhtoboòj lhbg wj`r 25 hø`r- bw` ñjob` `dag~oy` gth mh dñrxwgnh ng mh ihkh  mh ngk`r~thboòj mhr lhdomonhngr lhdomonhngr ng m`r btghn`tgr hj~gr gm tgr~` ng mh b`kwjonhn* Gj wj gj~`tj` tgmh~oyhkgj~g ojg|um`thn`- b`k` gr ~`nhyëh gm ng m`r rkht~ul`jgr - hñj gr lhdo~whm gjb`j~tht utwgdhr ng b`jbgu~`  g|ugtokgj~`r* Gj hmfwj`r bhr`r gr~`r g|ugtokgj~`r rg w~omoqhj uhth ngrhtt`mmht gj gm iw~wt` bònof` kèr gigb~oy`*

D`~jg~r Mhr mmhkhnhr d`~jg~r r`j tgngr i`tkhnhr u`t wj fthj jñkgt` ng gxwou`r ojigb~hn`r~hkdoïj b`j`bon`r b`k` q`kdor * Gr~`r noru`ro~oy`r rg gjbwgj~thj b`j~t`mhn`r u`t wj ut`fthkh khmobo`r`- xwg ugtko~g xwg uwgnhj rgt khjgahn`r ng i`tkh tgk`~h u`t wjh kèxwojh bgj~thm- gjbhtfhnh ng k`jo~`toqht h ~`n` gm b`jawj~`  ng nhtmgr mhr òtngjgr uhth mhr xwg gr~ïj ut`fthkhn`r* ^hkdoïj rg w~omoqhj b`k` fthjah ng ror~gkhr xwg ugtko~g `d~gjgt kh`t u`~gjboh ng bòkuw~`  hrë u`ngt gjyoht b`ttg` dhrwth ` tghmoqht h~hxwgr ng ngjgfhboòj ng rgtyobo` ,dm`xwg`/ ng uèfojhr vgd u`t rh~wthboòj* Mhr d`~jg~r r`j lhdo~whmgr gj gm kwjn` ng m`r ror~gkhr ng r`dtgkgrh  hb~whmkgj~g gr~èj b`kgjqhjn` h ngruwj~ht gj~tg m`r ~gmïi`j`r oj~gmofgj~gr* Wj` ng m`r gagkum`r kèr r`jhn`r ng gr~g ~ou` ng ojigbboòj gj noru`ro~oy`r kòyomgr gr gm ngm ~t`hj` b`j`bon` b`k` Fgokojo* Gr~g ~t`hj` rg ojr~hmh h ~thyïr ng humobhbo`jgr mgfë~okhr h mhr xwg rg mgr høhnëh gm bònof` khmobo`r` ng gr~g ~t`hj`* Gj~tg rwr iwjbo`jhmonhngr rg gjbwgj~thj ngrng gm gjyë` ng oji`tkhboòj r`dtg gm lhtnvhtg ,~ou` BUW- khtbh- g~b*/  nh~`r b`k` jñkgt` ng ~gmïi`j`- nh~`r ng mh tgn- OKGO- g~b* lhr~h

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh > ng 88

u`ngt tgbodot òtngjgr ng rgtyon`tgr `togj~hn`r hm b`j~t`m ng mh tgn ng noru`ro~oy`r ojigb~hn`r*

Omwr~thboòj 81 Gr~twb~wth agtètxwobh ng d`~jg~r

Iwgj~g1 Grg~*b`k 

OOO

I`tkhr ng ojigbboòj

Gj gr~g huht~hn` rg ngr~hbhj hmfwj`r ng m`r uwj~`r ng ojigbboòj b`kñjkgj~g w~omoqhn`r u`t m`r h~hbhj~gr gj mh hb~whmonhn*

Tgngr r`bohmgr Wjh ng mhr i`tkhr kèr wrhnhr uhth `d~gjgt nh~`r ugtr`jhmgr ugtr`jhmgr ` b`kut`kg~gt wjh bwgj~h gr h ~thyïr ng ihmrhr iwjbo`jhmonhngr høhnonhr h wjh tgn r`bohm* Lhdo~whmkgj~g mhr tgngr r`bohmgr `itgbgj awgf`r  humobhbo`jgr hnobo`jhmgr* M`r h~hbhj~gr rwgmgj btght humobhbo`jgr humobhbo`jgr ihmrhr xwg ojbo~hj hm wrwhto` h rw ojr~hmhboòj  u`t ~hj~`- mmgyhj h mh ojigbboòj ngm ~gmïi`j` ` noru`ro~oy` kòyom* @~th yhtohj~g ng gr~g ~ou` ng h~hxwgr r`j m`r ro~o`r vgd g|~gtj`r h mhr tgngr r`bohmgr xwg `itgbgj rwuwgr~hr iwjbo`jhmonhngr g|~th* M`r utojbouhmgr gjfhø`r  ~thkuhr w~omoqhnhr uhth h~thgt hm uñdmob` rwgmgj rgt humobhbo`jgr xwg hrgfwthj ugtko~ot b`j`bgt xwï ugtr`jhr yoro~hj wj ugtiom ` xwoïj lh dm`xwghn` wjh bwgj~h gj m`r ror~gkhr ng kgjrhagtëh* Gr~g ~ou` ng humobhbo`jgr j` g|or~gj  j` bwkumgj tghmkgj~g mh iwjboòj xwg ut`kg~gj*

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh 7 ng 88

Nobl`r ro~o`r ithwnwmgj~`r rwgmgj tgxwgtot mh oj~t`nwbboòj ng m`r nh~`r ugtr`jhmgr jgbgrhto`r uhth hbbgngt h mh bwgj~h* Hrë- gr~hr humobhbo`jgr- hngkèr ng j` bwkumot rw iwjboòj- ojigb~htèj gm ror~gkh  `d~gjntèj nh~`r ugtr`jhmgr*

B`ttg` gmgb~tòjob` Gm b`ttg` gr wj` ng m`r kgno`r ~thnobo`jhmgr ng ojigbboòj gj noru`ro~oy`r gmgb~tòjob`r  gr~` rg lh ~thrmhnhn` h m`r ~gtkojhmgr kòyomgr* Hm ofwhm xwg gj gm bhr` ng m`r ror~gkhr ng r`dtgkgrh- m`r h~hbhj~gr gjyëhj hm b`ttg` ut`fthkhr bhkwimhn`r- ojbo~hjn` hm wrwhto` h xwg m`r gagbw~g gj rw ~gtkojhm* B`j gr~` b`jrofwgj ojigb~ht gm ror~gkh- lhbogjn` btggt hm wrwhto` xwg lh ojr~hmhn` wjh humobhboòj*

^ogjnhr ng humobhbo`jgr Hb~whmkgj~g mhr utojbouhmgr umh~hi`tkhr ng ~gtkojhmgr u`rggj wjh ~ogjnh `iobohm ng humobhbo`jgr- ~hkdoïj b`j`bonhr b`k` r~`tgr  ` khtcg~r * Gj gmmhr rg uwgngj gjb`j~tht fthj bhj~onhn ng ut`fthkhr bmhroiobhn`r rgfñj rw bh~gf`tëh- b`j yhm`thbo`jgr  b`kgj~hto`r ng m`r wrwhto`r xwg gjtoxwgbgj mh g|ugtogjboh b`j gm noru`ro~oy`*

Omwr~thboòj 41 Gagkum` ng ~ogjnh ng humobhbo`jgr

Iwgj~g1 Hjnt`on Khtcg~ 

Bhnh ~ogjnh yot~whm rofwg rw ut`uoh u`më~obh uhth b`j~t`mht mhr humobhbo`jgr xwg rg u`jgj h noru`roboòj ngm uñdmob`- rogjn` hmfwjhr kèr tgr~tob~oyhr xwg `~thr* Gr~` xwogtg ngbot xwg mhr humobhbo`jgr r`j r`kg~onhr h b`j~t`mgr kèr ` kgj`r tofwt`r`r uhth ng~gb~ht khmvhtg ` b`ku`t~hkogj~`r r`rugbl`r`r gj gmmhr hj~gr ng xwg uwgnhj rgt ngrbhtfhnhr u`t gm uñdmob`* Hwj b`j gr~`r b`j~t`mgr- rg lhj nhn` bhr`r gj m`r xwg mhr ~ogjnhr `iobohmgr lhj

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh 9 ng 88

hm`ahn` humobhbo`jgr ojigb~hnhr* Gm wrwhto` ngdgtè ~`kht mhr kè|okhr utgbhwbo`jgr h mh l`th ng ojr~hmht bwhmxwogt r`i~vhtg- hwjxwg ut`ygjfh ng wjh ~ogjnh `iobohm* Hb~whmkgj~g g|or~gj n`r k`ngm`r ng u`më~obhr noigtgj~gr gj bwhj~` h mh rwugtyoroòj ng mhr humobhbo`jgr gj gr~hr ~ogjnhr* Gm utokgt` gr gm ng mhr ~ogjnhr xwg u`rggj wjh u`më~obh ng b`j~t`m ng mhr humobhbo`jgr xwg tgxwogtg xwg ~`nhr ~ `nhr rghj tgyorhnhr u`t mh ut`uoh gkutgrh* Gj gm `~t` g|~tgk`- rg gjbwgj~th gm k`ngm` ng ~ogjnh gj gm xwg bwhmxwogt ngrhtt`mmhn`t uwgng u`jgt h noru`roboòj ng mh b`kwjonhn wjh humobhboòj btghnh u`t ïm kork`- roj xwg gr~` okumoxwg wjh rwugtyoroòj utgyoh  tofwt`rh ng noblhr humobhbo`jgr* Gr~g rgfwjn` k`ngm` rwgmg bwdtot rw nïiobo~ ng rwugtyoroòj `iobohm kgnohj~g mh b`mhd`thboòj ng hmfwj`r wrwhto`r- xwg b`kutwgdhj b`kutwgdhj g|~th`iobohmkgj~g hmfwjhr humobhbo`jgr humobhbo`jgr tgu`t~hjn` m`r u`rodmgr ut`dmgkhr xwg gjbwgj~thj* ^hkdoïj gr u`rodmg gjb`j~tht $~ogjnhr hm~gtjh~oyhr$ xwg `itgbgj humobhbo`jgr uhth gr~`r noru`ro~oy`r roj gr~ht yojbwmhnhr h mhr gkutgrhr  khtbhr xwg ngrhtt`mmhj m`r ror~gkhr `ugth~oy`r* Gj gr~g bhr` mhr humobhbo`jgr humobhbo`jgr j` jgbgrhtohkgj~g lhj ng uhrht u`t wj b`j~t`m ` rwugtyoroòj ng rgfwtonhn* U`t `~t` mhn`- g|or~g wjh fthj bhj~onhn ng humobhbo`jgr noru`jodmgr gj Oj~gtjg~ Uwgngj gjb`j~thtrg ~hj~` gj uèfojhr vgd ngnobhnhr g|bmwroyhkgj~g h gmm` b`k` gj i`t`r r`dtg noygtr`r ~gkhr gj~tg m`r xwg rg uwgngj ojbmwot gr~g ~ou` ng humobhbo`jgr* Gj gr~`r bhr`r j` g|or~g jojfñj hyhm ng rwugtyoroòj ` b`j~t`m `iobohm* ^hj~` gj gm bhr` ng ~ogjnhr b`j wj joygm ng b`j~t`m gmgyhn`- b`k` gj mhr ~ogjnhr xwg j` bwgj~hj b`j jojfñj ~ou` ng b`j~t`m rg uwgng gjb`j~tht hmfwjh humobhboòj b`j iojgr khmobo`r`r*

Tgngr m`bhmgr ,VoIo/ Hb~whmkgj~g- mh fthj kh`tëh ng m`r noru`ro~oy`r kòyomgr oj~gmofgj~gr u`rgg mh bhuhbonhn ng b`jgb~htrg h Oj~gtjg~* Gr~` rwgmg lhbgtrg kgnohj~g wjh b`jg|oòj notgb~h ng nh~`r ,FUTR ` 2F/ h ~thyïr ng mhr tgngr ng wj `ugthn`t kòyom ` kgnohj~g mh b`jg|oòj h wjh tgn ng ètgh m`bhm xwg ut`u`tbo`jh hbbgr` h Oj~gtjg~ ,Vo+Io/* Gj gr~g ñm~ok` ~ou` ng tgngr- wj noru`ro~oy` xwg rg gjbwgj~tg ojigb~hn` u`ntëh ojoboht wjh dñrxwgnh ng `~t`r `dag~oy`r gj mh korkh tgn m`bhm- b`j mh oj~gjboòj ng ojigb~htm`r*

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh 6 ng 88

Omwr~thboòj 21 Yor`t ng tgngr Vo+Io noru`jodmgr

Iwgj~g1 grigthoul`jg*b`k 

@~t` ugmoft` hm xwg rg gjitgj~hj m`r noru`ro~oy`r kòyomgr xwg rg b`jgb~hj h tgngr Vo+Io gr mh iohdomonhn ng mh b`jg|oòj* Wjh tgn Vo+Io j` ut`~gfonh uwgng ugtko~ot h h~hbhj~gr b`jgb~hn`r h mh korkh tgn mh `d~gjboòj ngm ~tèiob` j` boithn` fgjgthn` u`t gm noru`ro~oy` ,m`r nh~`r xwg botbwmhj u`t mh tgn/* Dmwg~``~l 

@~th ~gbj`m`fëh hkumohkgj~g g|~gjnonh gr mh b`j`bonh b`k` dmwg~``~l * Rg ~th~h ng wj ut`~`b`m`- `togj~hn` utojbouhmkgj~g hm oj~gtbhkdo` ng nh~`r gj~tg n`r noru`ro~oy`r- kw u`uwmht hj~gr ng xwg rg g|~gjnogth gm wr` ng Vo+Io g Oj~gtjg~ gj m`r ~gtkojhmgr kòyomgr* Wj kòyom ojigb~hn` u`ntëh ojoboht wjh dñrxwgnh ng `~t`r noru`ro~oy`r b`j gm ror~gkh dmwg~``~l hb~oyhn`* dmwg~``~l  hb~oyhn`* Ro mh jwgyh yëb~okh hbgu~h mh b`jg|oòj- gm ojigb~hn` u`ntëh gjyoht gm bònof` xwg rg gagbw~htëh gj gm noru`ro~oy`* Hmfwjhr gkutgrhr ~hkdoïj w~omoqhj gr~g kï~`n` uhth gjyoht uwdmobonhn j` r`mobo~hnh h ~thyïr ng dmwg~``~l h dmwg~``~l  h m`r huhth~`r xwg m` ~ogjgj hb~oy` gj wj thno` ng hbboòj ng wj`r 855 kg~t`r* Wj khmvhtg huhtgbon` gj 4559 mmhkhn` B`kkvhtto`t - ngr~ojhn` gr~h ygq h Rkdohj- hut`ygblhdh- gj~tg `~thr- mhr b`kwjobhbo`jgr dmwg~``~l b`k` dmwg~``~l b`k` kgno` ng ut`uhfhboòj* ut`uhfhboòj *

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh < ng 88

Ywmjgthdomonhngr M`r rkht~ul`jgr  w~omoqhj r`i~vhtg b`kumga`  u`t ~hj~`- j` gr~èj g|gj~`r ng b`j~gjgt ywmjgthdomonhngr* Gr~`r ihmm`r gj m`r ut`fthkhr ugtko~otëhj h m`r h~hbhj~gr gagbw~ht bònof` gj gm ror~gkh- u`t gagkum` b`j r`m` yoro~ht wjh uèfojh vgd ro gm ut`fthkh ywmjgthdmg gr gm jhygfhn`t* Mhr ywmjgthdomonhngr g|um`~hnhr h ~thyïr ng uèfojhr vgd bhtfhj wj b`j~gjon` grugbohmkgj~g utguhthn` uhth xwg `bwtth gm ihmm`  rg hut`ygblg mh ywmjgthdomonhn hm rgt ut`bgrhn`* Gr~g ~ou` ng ywmjgthdomonhngr uwgngj ~gjgt noigtgj~gr tgugtbwro`jgr- ngrng lhbgt xwg gm ut`fthkh ` gm noru`ro~oy` gj~gt` ngag ng iwjbo`jht- lhr~h xwg gm jhygfhn`t uwgnh gagbw~ht bònof`  ~`kht gm b`j~t`m ngm huhth~`* Wj` ng m`r gagkum`r kèr b`j`bon`r  hkumohkgj~g w~omoqhn`rw~omoqhn`r- gj utojbouo` j` ngr~ojhn` h mh ojigbboòj- gr gm kï~`n` w~omoqhn` uhth ”modgtht‛ ,gmokojht mhr moko~hbo`jgr gr~hdmgbonhr u`t rw ihdtobhj~g/ m`r noru`ro~oy`r xwg w~omoqhj gm ror~gkh `ugth~oy` o@R- gj~tg `~t`r* M` xwg

ugtko~g

tghmoqht

gr~h

modgthboòj

gr

utgborhkgj~g

hut`ygblht

noigtgj~gr

ywmjgthdomonhngr ngm r`i~vhtg `tofojhm*

OY

Ut`~gbboòj

Hm ofwhm xwg gj gm bhku` ng m`r ror~gkhr ng r`dtgkgrh- rg ngdgj rgfwot bwh~t` j`tkhr dèrobhr xwg rotygj uhth ut`~gfgt bwhmxwogt noru`ro~oy` oji`tkè~ob`1 ․

Khj~gjgt gm noru`ro~oy` hb~whmoqhn` b`j mhr ñm~okhr ygtro`jgr ngm ror~gkh `ugth~oy`  ngm r`i~vhtg ojr~hmhn`*

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Lhbgt wr` ng noigtgj~gr ugtiomgr ng wrwhto` bwhjn` rgh u`rodmg* Rg ngdg wrht hxwgm xwg ~gjfh m`r utoyomgfo`r këjok`r jgbgrhto`r uhth mh w~omoqhboòj gm ror~gkh gj mwfht ng wj ugtiom ng hnkojor~thn`t b`j ~`n`r m`r ugtkor`r*

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J` ojr~hmht r`i~vhtg ng tgu`ro~`to`r j` `iobohmgr ` ng nwn`rh ut`bgngjboh*

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Ojr~hmht wj ror~gkh hj~okhmvhtg gj bhr` ng xwg g|or~h*

@~t`r b`jrga`r `togj~hn`r h mh ut`~gbboòj itgj~g h noygtrhr i`tkhr ng gjfhø`  ygb~`tgr ng gj~thnh ng khmvhtg u`ntëhj rgt1 ․

Gr~hdmgbgt wjh b`j~thrgøh ~hj~` uhth gm gjbgjnon` b`k` uhth gm ngrdm`xwg` ngm ~gtkojhm* ^hkdoïj gr jgbgrhto` k`noiobht ~`nhr mhr bmhygr xwg gr~ïj gr~hdmgbonhr u`t ngigb~` uhth ugtr`jhmoqhtmhr* Hrë rg gyo~htëhj bhr`r b`k` gm ng bogt~`r k`ngm`r ng noru`ro~oy`r modgthn`r- gj m`r xwg ~`n`r b`kuht~gj wjh korkh b`j~thrgøh u`t ngigb~`*

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh ? ng 88

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Hm b`jgb~htrg h wjh tgn Vo+Io hagjh- gyo~ht gm gjyë` ng nh~`r ugtr`jhmgr  gm wr` ng mh dhjbh `jmojg*

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B`kut`dht gm `tofgj  mh b`jiohjqh ng bwhmxwogt ~ou` ng b`j~gjon` ,gagbw~hdmgrn`bwkgj~`r***/ xwg yhh h rgt ngrbhtfhn`- ojr~hmhn` ` hdogt~` b`j bwhmxwogt ut`fthkh* Gj bhr` ng ~th~htrg ng r`i~vhtg- b`kut`dht xwg mhr humobhbo`jgr rg gjbwgj~tgj iotkhnhr u`t rw ihdtobhj~g `tofojhm*

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J` hbgu~ht jo lhbgt bhr` ng kgjrhagr ng b`ttg` gmgb~tòjob`- RKR- KKR- g~b* ng `tofgj ngrb`j`bon`  b`kut`dht mh hw~gj~obonhn ng b`j m`r kgjrhagr ut`ygjogj~gr ng b`j~hb~`r ng b`jiohjqh ugt` bw` b`j~gjon` rg rhmfh ng mh j`tkhmonhn* J` yoro~ht ngrng gm noru`ro~oy` m`r gjmhbgr h uèfojhr xwg rghj ut`uwgr~`r h ~thyïr ng kgjrhagr- b`ttg`- kgjrhagtëh ojr~hj~èjgh- g~b*

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B`jiofwtht gm jhygfhn`t  fgr~`t ng b`ttg` uhth xwg gm b`j~gjon` ng m`r b`ttg`r gmgb~tòjob`r j` rgh bhtfhn` u`t ngigb~`- jo rg yorwhmobg gj k`n` L^KM* Ngrlhdomo~ht mh bhtfh ng b`j~gjon` g|~gtj` h mh l`th ng mh utgyorwhmoqhboòj  mgb~wth ng b`ttg`r gmgb~tòjob`r*

Omwr~thboòj >1 @ubo`jgr ng yorwhmoqhboòj ngm b`ttg` gmgb~tòjob`

Iwgj~g1 OJ^GB@  ․

J` hbgu~ht b`jg|o`jgr jo ~thjrigtgjbohr j` r`mobo~hnhr ` ng `tofgj ngrb`j`bon` yëh dmwg~``~l ` dmwg~``~l ` ojithtt`a`r*

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh 85 ng 88

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Khj~gjgt ~`n`r m`r nh~`r rgjrodmgr ut`~gfon`r itgj~g h hbbgr`r j` ugtko~on`r kgnohj~g gm boithn`*

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Tghmoqht ugtoònobhkgj~g wjh b`uoh ng rgfwtonhn ngm ror~gkh  ~`n`r rwr nh~`r uhth u`ngt tgbwugthtm`r gj bhr` ng uïtnonh ` hygtëh ngm noru`ro~oy`*

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B`jrgtyht gm bònof` OKGO ngm ~gmïi`j` kòyom uhth xwg- gj bhr` ng uïtnonh ` t`d` ngm ~gtkojhm- ïr~g uwgnh rgt dm`xwghn`*

vvv*ihbgd``c*b`k@drgtyhOJ^GB@ vvv*~vo~~gt*b`k@drgtyhOJ^GB@ vvv*oj~gb`*grdm`fRgfwtonhn@drgtyh~`to`Dm`fRgfwtonhn vvv*`w~wdg*b`k@drgtyhOJ^GB@ vvv*rbtodn*b`k@drgtyhOJ^GB@ vvv*rmongrlhtg*jg~@drgtyhOJ^GB@ `drgtyh~`to`Eoj~gb`*gr

Khmvhtg  noru`ro~oy noru`ro~oy`r `r kòyomgr

@drgtyh~`to` ng mh Rgfwtonhn ng mh Oji`tkhboòj

Uèfojh 88 ng 88