PROJECT REPORT SOLAR GRASS CUTTER
SUBMITTED BY
regd.no
JATINDER KUMAR
11205556
RAVINDER SINGH
11201245
RAHUL KASHAYAP
11202570
ABHISHEK THAKUR
11210886
GROUP CODE
MC230
ABSTARCT These days we are facing the problems like pollutions, power cut problem etc. In order to overcome these problems, we have thought about the device, which can be performing its functions without causing any of these problems. So we have thought of doing the project on cutting grass, this uses the renewable source of energy for its operation like solar energy. This project aims at developing a portable solar operated grass cutting device, as there is power shortage. So we have decided to make a solar energy operated device. Solar panel is connected to the battery. Then by connecting inverter to battery DC current is converted to AC current. This will run the AC motor. This motor is connected to blade shaft by the help of belt drive. This will rotate the blade in high speed, cut the grass. This device will help in building of eco-friendly system.
INTRODUCTION A Solar grass cutter is a machine that uses sliding blades to cut a lawn at an even length. Even more sophisticated devices are there in every field. Power consumption becomes essential for future. The solar grass cutter consists of the photovoltaic cell for the efficiency power from solar panel. The DC to DC buck boost converter helps to step up the DC voltage from the photovoltaic panel and store the DC voltage in a battery. It is an automated system for the purpose of grass cutting. The first grass cutter was invented by Edwin Budding in 1830 in Thrupp , just outside Stroud, in Gloucestershire, England. Budding's mower was designed primarily to cut the grass on sports grounds and extensive gardens, as a superior alternative to the scythe, and was granted a British patent on August 31, 1830.
Objective
For the manufacturing of a solar grass cutter we referred various literature, papers etc. The review of previous method used given below: In this lawn mower uses an solar based energy source, which is easier to use, more advantageous comparing to other energy source especially for gas based source of power .But our lawn cutter is based on solar because this energy is a renewable energy source and it is easy to work. So we made solar powered lawnmower. In today's climate of growing energy needs and increasing environmental concern, alternatives to the use of non-renewable and polluting fossil fuels have to be investigated. One such alternative is solar energy. In this solar based lawn mower, the advantage of powering a lawn mower by solar rather than by gasoline is mainly ecological. We manufactured this lawn cutter because it is very easy method and many overcome produced from this type lawn cutter. . The self powered objective is to come up with a mower that is portable, durable, easy to operate and maintain. It also aims to design a self powered mower of electrical source; a cordless electric lawn mower. The heart of the machine is a battery powered dc electric motor. It is also useful method for our lawn mower. It is similar to our lawn cutter using display and keypad. The present technology commonly used for trimming the grass is by using the manually handle device. In this project we have automated the machine for trimming the grass. The device consists of linear blade which is operated with the help of the motor the power supply for the motor is by using battery. The battery can be charge by using power supply and solar panel.
PRINCIPLE
The lawn mower or grass cutter is made up of an induction motor, a battery, an alternator, three collapsible blades, and a link mechanism. The power and charging system comprises of an alternator which charges the battery while in operation. The D.C. motor forms the heart of the machine and provides the driving force for the collapsible blades. This is achieved by the combined effect of mechanical action of the cutting blades and the forward thrust of the mower.
The system is powered by an electrical switch which completes the circuit comprising the induction motor and the battery. The IR senor is finding the path to avoid the obstacles and machine damage. The shaft fitting mechanism with which the height of cut is altered. Solar power as an energy source will address a number of issues that standard internal combustion engine mowers do not. An electric grass cutter with a solar charger will be easier to use. There is no messy dangerous gasoline to deal with Most importantly it eliminates the emissions of an internal combustion mower. A lawn mower is a device which by means of one or more revolving blades issued to cutgrass or other plants to an even length. Lawnmowers employing a blade that rotates about a vertical axis are known as rotary mowers, while those employing a blade assembly that rotates about a horizontal axis are known as cylinder or reel mowers. Solar grass cutter are based on the use of small but powerful engine that provides enough torque to spin a very sharp horizontal blade that cuts the grass upon contact. The blade is located in the deck that prevents grass from flying all over the place when most cases, the motor is situated at the top of the deck, which is usually mounted on four wheels. There is also a bag connected to the deck that is used to collect cut grasses the opinion that lawnmowers must be designed to reduce pollutions generated than at present.
COMPONENTS USED The
main components used in solar grass cutter are:
Solar
Panel
Batteries Brushless Solar
DC Motor
Charger
Circuit Blades
Breaker
SOLAR PANEL
The solar panels are used to generate electric power. The photo- voltaic effect can be observed in nature in a variety of materials that have shown that the best performance in sunlight is the semiconductors as stated above. When photons from the sun are absorbed in a semiconductor, that create free electrons with higher energies than the created there must be an electric field to induce these higher energy electrons to flow out of the semi-conductor to do useful work.
BATTERIES The
batteries are used as a storage device for solar energy which can be further converted into electrical energy. Batteries can be in the interior of the lawn mower or on the outside.
BRUSHLESS DC MOTOR
This is a relatively new class of motors whose application have been increasing at a rapid rate each year, due to both declining costs as well as increasing functionality. A brushless DC motor is similar to that brush DC motor in that it has an internal shaft position feedback which tells which windings to switch on at which an exact moment. This internal feedback gives both the brush DC motor and brushless DC motor their unique characteristics.
SOLAR CHARGER
The power charge regulator is also known as charge controller, voltage regulator, chargedischarge controller or charge-discharge and load controller. The regulator sits between the array of panels, the batteries, and the equipment or loads .
BLADES
A blade is that portion of a tool, weapon, or machine with an edge that is designed to cut and/or puncture, stab, slash, chop, slice, thrust, or scrape surfaces or materials. A blade may be made from a flaking stone, such as flint, metal, ceramic, or other material.
SCOTCH YOKE MECHANISM
The Scotch yoke (also known as slotted link mechanism) is a reciprocating motion mechanism, converting the linear motion of a slider into rotational motion or vice versa. The piston or other reciprocating part is directly coupled to a sliding yoke with a slot that engages a pin on the rotating part. The shape of the motion of the piston is a pure sin wave over time given a constant rotational speed.
WORKING
Coming to the working of solar powered grass cutter , it has panels mounted in a particular arrangement at an angle of 45 degrees in such a way that it can receive solar radiation with high intensity easily from the sun. These solar panels convert solar energy into electrical energy as studied earlier. Now this electrical energy is stored in batteries by using a solar charger. The main function of the solar charger is to increase the current from the panels while batteries are charging, it also disconnects the solar panels from the batteries when they are fully charged and also connects to the panels when the charging in batteries is low. The motor is connected to the batteries through connecting wires .Between these two mechanical circuit breaker switch is provided. It starts and stops the working of the motor. From this motor, the power transmits to the mechanism and this makes the blade to slide on the fixed blade and this makes to cut the grass.
