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Basic Mechanical Drives and Power Transmission Training
December 2007
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
The purpose of this presentation is to provide a overview of industrial drives and their maintenance. Gear Drives Belt Drives V-Belt Maintenance Chain Drives Sprocket and Roller Chain Maintenance
A gear is a form of disc, or wheel, that has teeth around its periphery for the purpose of providing a positive drive by meshing the teeth with similar teeth on another gear or rack.
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Right Angle Gear Drive
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Spur Gears
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Involute Curve Cord Base Circle
Circle involute
Circle
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Pressure Angle Direction of tooth to tooth push Pressure Angle
14 ½
Pressure angle
Pressure angle 20 Rotation Line of action
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Pitch Diameter and Center Distance Pitch Diameter D2
Pitch Diameter D1
Center Distance C
C
D1 D 2 2
D1 2C D 2
D 2
2C D1
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Circular/Diametrical Pitch Circular Pitch
3.1416”
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Names of Gear Parts
Pitch Circle
Clearance Addendum
Addendum
Pitch Circle Working Thickness Dedendum Whole depth Circular depth pitch Thickness Pitch Line
Dedendum Whole Circular pitch depth
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Backlash Backlash
Pitch Line
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Other Gear Types Bevel and Miter Helical Worm Herringbone
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Bevel and Miter Gear
Shaft Angle
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Helical
Helix angle
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Worm Gear
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Herringbone Gear
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Gear Damage Vibration Frequency Component – gear mesh Normal profile
Belt drives are used to transmit power between a drive unit and a driven unit
Driven Unit
Drive Motor
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Belts
The size of the belt must match the sheave size. if they do not match, then the belt will not make proper contact with the sheave and will decrease the amount of B load it can transmit. A
B
A
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Belt Selection
Standard V-Belt
Joined V-Belt
Cogged Belt
Positive Drive Belt
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Sheaves
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Shaft Speed Driven
12 inch dia. rpm
DrivenShaf t_rpm
Drive
6 in dia.
1800 rpm
DriveSheaveDiameterInches driveshaft _rp _rpm m Driven_she ave_diameter
Routine maintenance maintenance is essential if a belt drive is to operate properly
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Belt Maintenance Never force belt onto sheave Belt should not ride on bottom of sheave. Check belt condition Belt alignment Tension Inspect sheaves and shafts Belt stretch
V-Belt Cover Split / Missing Cogs Belts pried upon Foreign objects Excessive heat Sheave too small Sheave misaligned Improper storage
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Sheave Inspection Sheave groves must be like this
not this
Dished out
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Sheave Inspection
O 4 v 2 O e . r d D e . 1 6 g . 0
5V
0 . 0 . g 1 e r D . d e 8 d O n 3 U
10.01-16.0 O.D. 40 deg
Example sheave gauge
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Alignment
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Types of Misalignment
Angular Misalignment
Parallel Misalignment
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Shaft Alignment Cord tied to shaft
Cord touching sheaves at points indicated by arrows
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Tensioning V-belts Drives
Too tight
Slight bow
Too loose
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Check Tension
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Preventative Maintenance Check belt condition Check belt tension Identify sources of contamination Check sheave alignment Check sheave wear
Chain Drives
December 2007
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Introduction Description Types of links
Self forming teeth Extended Pin
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Introduction DRIVE GEAR BOX
DRIVEN ROLL
Chain Pitch
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Chain Drive
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Advantages
No slippage More compact than belt Good for slow speeds Easier to install Not subject to deterioration Operates under wet conditions Less adjustment required Can drive several shafts Less costly than gear drives
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Disadvantages Cannot be used where drive must slip Cannot except misalignment Noisy Causes vibration Needs frequent lubrication Small load capacity Shorter Service Live
Installation - Sprockets Straight edge or Straight string
Gap
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Installation
Mechanical Drives/Power Transmission Training
Chain Length The following information is needed for an equation to find the chain length: 1. Number of teeth on the drive sprocket. 2. Number of teeth on the driven sprocket. 3. Center-to-center distance between the shafts. 4. The chain pitch in inches.