Memorial on Behalf of Accused - 7th RLC SAQUIB RIZVI MEMORIAL NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION 2015

5th RCL NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 2015

IN THE SESSION COURT OF CHANDIGARH

NATIONAL NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION, 2015

State

-

Prosect!o"

#s$ #!%e& a"' Ot(er)s

-

MEMORIAL ON *EHALF OF ACCUSED

1

Memorial on behalf of Accused

Accse'


TABLE OF CONTENT

Co"te"t

2

Pa+e 1$ I"'e o A..re%!at!o"

/

2$ L!st o reere"ces



/$ L!st o cases

5

$ Statee"t o r!s'!ct!o"

3

5$ Statee"t o act

4

3$ Statee"t o !sses



4$ Sar6 o 78ea'!"+s

10

9$ Deta!8e' 78ea'!"+s

12

$ Pra6er

25



INDEX OF ABBREVIATION

:

:

Sect!o"

::

:

Sect!o"s

;

:

Para+ra7(

;;

:

Para+ra7(s

A

<

Accse'

A$P$

:

A"'(ra Pra'es(

A$C$

:

A77e88ate Cases

AIR

:

A88 I"'!a Re7orter

A"r$

:

A"ot(er

*o$

:

*o.a6

Cr!$L$=$

:

Cr!!"a8 La> =or"a8

Cr$P$C

<

Cr!!"a8 Proce're Co'e

IPC

<

I"'!a" Pe"a8 Co'e

Ma'$

:

Ma'ras

"$

:

Note

Ors$

:

Ot(ers

P$?$

<

Prosect!o" ?!t"ess

SC

:

S7ree Cort

SCC

:

S7ree Cort Cases

S'@-

:

S!+"e'

S77$

:

S778ee"tar6

U$P$

:

Uttar Pra'es(

U$S$

:

U"!te' States

U$T$

:

U"!o" Terr!tor6

%$

:

#erss

3



LIST OF REFERENCES

LIST OF *OOS REFERRED • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •

I"'!a" Pe"a8 Co'e, 1930, *are Act .6 U"!%ersa8s I"'!a" E%!'e"ce Act, 1942 , *are Act .6 U"!%ersa8s Cr!!"a8 Proce're Co'e, 14/, *are Act .6 U"!%ersa8s Co"st!tt!o" o I"'!a, *are Tet Tet .6 U"!%ersa8s La> o Cr!es, Rata" La8 a"' D(eera La8, /t( e'!t!o" 201, Le!s Ne!s La> o Cr!es, $D$ Gar 5t( e'!t!o", 201, U"!%ersa8s La> P.8!cat!o" La> o E%!'e"ce, Rata"8a8 a"' D(!ra8a8 2t( e'!t!o", Le!s Ne!s P.8!cat!o" S7ree Cort Cases, 201 S7ree Cort Cases, 201/ S7ree Cort Cases, 2012 S7ree Cort Bear86 D!+est 201 S7ree Cort Bear86 D!+est 201/ S7ree Cort Bear86 D!+est 2012 S7ree Cort Bear86 D!+est 2011 S7ree Cort Bear86 D!+est 2010

LIST OF ?E*SITES • • • • •

4

>>>$cort"!c$"!c$!" >>>$a"7atra$co (tt7<@@!"'!a"&a"oo"$or+@ >>>$s7reecorto!"'!a$"!c$!" '!s$"!c$!"



LIST OF CASES

1$ Ras(!' *e+ %$ State o Ma'(6a Pra'es( 14  SCC 23 2$ *a"&a Na!&o %$ State o Or!ssa AIR 143 SC 201/ /$ A.(!a"6a *!s>as %$ A.'8 AIR 191 Ca8  $ State o P"a. % Aar!t S!"+( AIR 199 SC 201/ 5$ S(a"t! % State o Har6a"a AIR 11 SC 1223 3$ *ara"+ % State o Raast(a" 1/ CrL= 1/Ra 4$ P.8!c Pr Prosector, HC o o AP %$ Pot(8a N Rao 1/ Cr CrL= 24 242 9$ Ira" (a" %$ State o MP 15 CrL= 14 MP $ Na"' !s(or % State o Ma(aras(tra 15 CrL= /403 *OM 10$ Sre"'ar ar % State 14 CrL= 14/4 PH 11$ State o H P % =o+ Ra 14 CrL= 20// HP 12$ St State o Or!ssa %$ Parasra Na!& AIR 14 SC /53 1/$ Me Me&a Raas>a! % Dasr! Mo(a" AIR 19 SC 44 1$ Na"a(a Ra % Stat o MP AIR 19 SC 12 15$ Pa Pa>a" ar % State o Hara6a"a AIR 19 SC 159 13$ Pa7ara.a&a Ro R osaa %$ State o AP AIR 1 SC /55 14$ S Sttate o ar"ata&a % S(a"&ar 2000 CrL= 14ANT 19$ St S tate o UP % Ma(es( C(a"'ra Pa"'e6 AIR 2000 SC /3/1 1$ Ar Ar%!"' S!"+( #s State o *!(ar AIR 2001 SC 212 20$ 20$ aa8a&ar &ar Na Na"'ra *a *a%asar % State ate o o Ma(ar (aras(tra AIR 20 200 SC 50/ 50/ 21$ a"t! La8 % State o Raast(a" 200 12 SCC 9 22$ Sa Sat.!r S!"+( % State o Har6a"a 2011 CrL= 30 PH 2/$ R Raa"!t S!"+( % State o P"a. 2011 15 SCC 295 2$ #a #a'8o&o"'a Le"!" % State o A$P 2012 12 SCC 230 25$ Mstaa S(a(a'a8 S(e&( % State o Ma(aras(tra 2012 AIR SC? 5/09 23$ Ar"es( ar % State o *!(ar 201 9 SCC 24/

5



STATEMENT OF JURISDICTION

T(e Lear"e' Sess!o" Cort, (as t(e r!s'!ct!o" to 'ec!'e t(!s case, a"' t(!s r!s'!ct!o" (as .ee" co"erre' to !t t(ro+( sect!o" 144 o Cr!!"a8 Proce're Co'e, 14/ >(!c( sa6s t(at  ever !""e#$e %h&'' !r()#&r)' *e )#+)re( &#( tr)e( * & $!rt -)th)# -h!%e '!$&' .r)%()$t)!# )t -&% $!//)tte(

T(e Lear"e' Tr!a8 Cort (as r!s'!ct!o" to ta&e co+"!a"ce o t(!s atter as 7er sect!o" 23 o Cr!!"a8 Proce're Co'e, 14/, >(!c( sa6s t(at, a"6 oe"ce "'er I"'!a" Pe"a8 Co'e 5 o 1930 a6 .e tr!e' .6 t(e Cort o Sess!o"$ Moreo%er t(ro+( Sc(e'8e-1 o Cr!!"a8 Proce're Co'e, 14/, t(e Cort o Sess!o" !s co7ete"t to (ere a"' 'ec!'e ' ec!'e t(e atter$ T(e Cort !s a8so reeste' to 'eter!"e t(e 8e+a8 co"see"ces, !"c8'!"+ t(e r!+(ts a"' o.8!+at!o"s o t(e Part!es, ar!s!"+ ro !ts '+e"t o" t(e est!o"s 7rese"te' !" t(e case$

6



STATEMENT OF FACT

T(e co"se8 o" .e(a8 o accse' 7erso" >o8' (.86 s.!t .eore t(e Lear"e' sess!o" cort t(at o88o>!"+ are t(e acts o t(e 7rese"t cases 1$ T(at o88o>!"+ o88o>!"+ !s t(e 8!st o 7erso"s 7erso"s !"%o8%e !"%o8%e' ' A-1

#!%e&

Hs.a"' o 'ecease'

A-2 A-/ P?-1 P?-2 P?-/ P?- P?-5 P?--3 P? P?-4

Go7a8 r!s(a" Ps(7a Ne(a #ee"aMee"a Nares( Ra%! Ues( Dr$ Dr$ P Na'' Na''aa Ra ar

Fat(er-!"-8a> o 'ecease' Mot(er-!"-8a> o 'ecease' Decease' Co88ea+e@Ne!+(.or o 'ecease' Co88ea+e@Ne!+(.or o 'ecease' Ne!+(.or o 'ecease' *rot(er o 'ecease' Me'! Me'!ca ca88 Prac Pract! t!t! t!o" o"er erss Fat(er o Decease'

2$ T(at T(at,, A-1 A-1 a"' P?P?-1 +ot arr arr!e !e' ' o" 10t( Dece.er 2011 at t(e !"s!ste"ce o A-2 a"' A-/$ /$ T(at, T(at, 'ecease 'ecease' ' >as c( c( 7a7er 7a7ere' e' c(!8', c(!8', a"' >as 7rs!"+ 7rs!"+ or"a8 or"a8!s !s t(ro+ t(ro+( ( corres7o"'e"ce ro De8(!$ $ T(at A-1 A-1 >as a (ar'>or&! (ar'>or&!"+ "+ a.!t!os a.!t!os 7erso", 7erso", >(o >as >as 8!%!"+ 8!%!"+ >!t( (!s 7are"t 7are"tss !" C(a"'!+ar($ 5$ T(at .ot( 'ecease' 'ecease' a"' t(e A-1 A-1 >ere .s6 .s6 !" t(e!r t(e!r o>" 8!e, 8!e, a"' "e%er (a' (a' t!e to to +et !"to a"6 atr!o"!a8 re8at!o"s(!7 3$ T(at T(at,, 'ecea 'ecease se' ' >as too too 'ea"' 'ea"'!" !"+, +, a"' e%e" 'e"!e' 'e"!e' to .ear .ear a c(!8' c(!8' "t!8 "t!8 a"' "8ess A-1 8et (er 7are"ts to 8!%e 8!e so8e86 >!t( 'ecease'$ 4$ T(at 'e to o"+o!"+ o"+o!"+ ea!"at! ea!"at!o", o", 'ecease' 'ecease' ote" ote" se' to to coe (oe (oe or 8"c($ 9$ T(at o" /r' arc( 201, 'ecease' cae to (oe a"' >as o"' e"+8e' !" !re .6 A-1, A-2, A-/, P?-2, P?-2, P?-/ P?-/ a"' P?-$

7



$ T(at T(at P?-3 P?-3 +a%e +a%e !rst !rst a!' treat treate e"t "t to t(e t(e 'ecea 'ecease se' ' a"' reer reerre re' ' (er (er to PGI C(a"'!+ar($ 10$ T(at, 'ecease' >as 'ec8are' .ro+(t 'ea' !" C(a"'!+ar( C(a"'!+ar( PGI$ 11$ T(at a a8se case (as .ee" 8o'+e' a+a!"st t(e Accse' Accse' Perso"s Perso"s "'er sect!o" /02, /0* rea' >!t( sect!o" / o IPC, 1930$

8



STATEMENT OF ISSUES

1$ Is !t a Do>r Do>r6 6 Deat( Deat( as 7er 7er sect!o sect!o" " /0* o o IPCJ IPCJ 2$ Is !t !t a" oe"ce oe"ce 7"!s(a 7"!s(a.8e .8e "'er "'er sect!o sect!o" " /02 o IPCJ IPCJ /$ Do t(e accs accse' e' 7erso" 7erso"ss (a%e a"6 a"6 Coo" Coo" I"te"t I"te"t!o" !o"JJ

9



SUMMAR OF PLEADINS $

T(e co"se8 o" .e(a8 o t(e accse' >o8' (.86 s.!t .eore t(e Lear"e' Sess!o" Cort 13 T(at, t(e accse' 7erso"s (a%e >ro"+86 .ee" accse' "'er sect!o" /02,/0* rea' >!t(

sect!o" / o IPC, 1930$ 23 T(at, t(e accse' 7erso"s "e%er as&e' or a"6 7ro7ert6 or cas($ A"' t(at t(e6 co78ete86

'e"6 t(e act t(at t(e6 e%er too& a"6 ao"t !" cas($ 43 T(at, t(e accse' 7erso" "e%er co!tte' a"6 sort o cre8t6 o" t(e 'ecease' !" a"6

a""er a""erKK rat(er rat(er t(e 'eceas 'ecease' e' (erse8 (erse8 t(reat t(reate"e e"e' ' t(e accse accse' ' 7erso" 7erso"ss to !"!t! !"!t!ate ate a8se a8se c(ar+es a+a!"st t(e "'er sect!o" 9A o IPC, 1930$ 3 T(at, t(e 'ecease' 'ea"'e' (!+(86 e7e"s!%e +!ts a"' 'e"!e' to .ear a"6 c(!8', >(!c(

>as a8so cre8t6 .6 t(e 'ecease' o" accse' 7erso"s$ 53 T(at, t(o+( t(e 'eat( o t(e 'ecease' >as case' "'er ""atra8 c!rcsta"ces, !t

"e%er !"%o8%e' a"6 o t(e accse' 7erso"s$ Ne!t(er (as t(ere .ee" a"6 'ea"' o 'o>r6 ra!se', "or (as t(e 7rosect!o" 7ro'ce' a"6 sc( e%!'e"ce$ 63 T(at, T(at, so8e so8e e%!'e"c e%!'e"cee t(at t(at t(e 7rosect 7rosect!o" !o" (as !s t(e '6!"+ 'ec8ar 'ec8arat! at!o"K o"K >(!c( !s "ot

acce7ta.8e !" cort or .e!"+ a.r!cate', a"' 'e to t(e reaso" t(at 7ro7er 7roce're >as "ot o88o>er >(!8e recor'!"+ t(e statee"t$ 7re8 6 .ase' o" stor6 a"' a.r!cate' statee"ts$ 73 T(at, t(e case o 7rosect!o" !s 7re86 9$ T(at, case case o 7rosect!o 7rosect!o" " !s 7re86 7re86 .ase' o" c!rcst c!rcsta"t!a8 a"t!a8 e%!'e"c e%!'e"ces es a"' !s 88 88 o 'o.t$ 'o.t$ 83 T(at, t(e accse' 7erso"s s(o8' .e ac!tte' o a88 t(e c(ar+es, reaso" o>!"+ t(e 8ac& o

e%!'e"ces, .e"e!t o 'o.t a"' "o"-esta.8!s(e"t o t(e +!8t

10



DETAILED PLEADIN 13 I% )t & D!-r De&th &% 9er %e$t)!# 40B !" IPC IPC T(e co"se8 o" .e(a8 o t(e accse' >o8' (.86 s.!t .eore t(e Lear"e' Sess!o"

Cort 1$ T(at T(at,, t(e t(e 'eat 'eat( ( o 'eceas 'ecease', e', >as "ot a 'o>r6 'o>r6 'eat 'eat( ( as !t 'oes "ot eet eet t(e esse esse"t "t!a !a88 !"+re'!e"t o sect!o" /0* o IPC, 1930$ 2$ T(at T(at,, Sect! Sect!o" o" /0* /0* o IPC, IPC, 1930 sa6 sa6ss t(at t(at “Where the death of a woman is caused by any burns or bodily injury or occurs otherwise than under normal circumstances within seven years of her marriage and it is shown that soon before her death she was subjected subjected to cruelty or harassment harassment by her husband or any relative relative of her husband for, for, or in connection with, any demand for dowry, such death shall be called “dowry death”, and such husband or relative shall be deemed to have caused her death.”

/$ T(at T(at,, t(e t(e 'eat 'eat( ( o t(e 'ecea 'ecease se' ' >as >as case case' ' >!t( >!t(!" !" se%e" se%e" 6ear 6earss o t(e arr!a arr!a+e +e a"' accor'!"+ to 7ostorte re7orts t(e 'eat( >as case' 'e to .r"s o" t(e .o'6 o t(e 'ecease', .t t(e 'eat( >as ere86 a" acc!'e"t a"' "ot a r'er$ $ I" P&-&# ;/&r v St&te !" <&r&&#& 1 a"' a"' !" Me=& R&/&%-&/) v D&%r) M!h&# 2 Ho").8e S7ree Cort (e8' t(at there there was no proof of any demand. Hence the fact that death took place within 4 months was not sufficient to convict.” T(s convict.” T(s ere act t(at t(e 'ecease' '!e' ater 2 6ears 6ea rs 2 o"t(s a"' 21 'a6s 'a 6s ca")t .e t(e reaso" or co"%!ct!o" o t(e accse' 7erso"s$ 5$ T(at, T(at, ost ost !7orta"t !7orta"t esse"t esse"t!a8 !a8ss o sect!o" sect!o" /0* o IPC, 1930 >(!c( are cre8t6 cre8t6,, a"' 'ea"' o 'o>r6 are a.se"t$ 3$ T(at, or cre8t6 cre8t6,, A-1 A-1 "e%er co!tte' co!tte' a"6 cre8t6 cre8t6 o" t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' a"' t(e t(e acts or or t(e sae are c8ear e"o+( to s77ort t(!s$ T(e 'ecease' >as o%er a.!t!os a"' 'ea"'!"+ !" "atre$ I"stea', s(e 'e"!e' .ear!"+ a c(!8' "8ess A-1 +ot se7arate' ro A-2 a"' A-/$ 1 AIR 1998 S 1958 2 AIR 1998 S 774 11



T(!s s(o>s t(at t(e 'ecease' (a' a coerc!%e "atre, a"' t(at s(e 'e"!e' 7eror!"+ atr!o"!a8 o.8!+at!o", a"' t(s a cre8t6 >as 'o"e .6 (er o%er (er A-1$ 4$ T(at, t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' +a%e a t(reate"!"+ t(reate"!"+ to accse accse A-1, A-1, A-2 A-2 a"' A-/ A-/ "'er sect!o" sect!o" 9A o IPC, 1930, a"' a&e t(e "'ersta"' t(e 7o>er o a >oa"$ Moreo%er, t(e t(reate"!"+ o 'ecease', to a8se86 accse t(e accse' 7erso"s "'er sect!o" 9A s!+"!!es t(at t(ere >as "e%er a"6 cre8t6 'o"e o" (er, >(!c( %er6 >e88 s!+"!!es t(at t(e 'ecease' (a' a .a' !"te"t!o" a+a!"st (er !"-8a>s$ 9$ T(at, /0* /0* o IPC, 1930 1930 sa6s t(at t(at soo" soo" .eore t(e t(e 'eat( t(e t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' >as s.ecte' s.ecte' to to cre8t6 .t t(e 7rosect!o" (as a!8e' to 7ro'ce a"6 sc( >!t"ess, >(!c( >as o.%!os as t(e accse' 7erso" "e%er s.ecte' t(e 'ecease' >!t( cre8t6$ T(e Raast(a" H!+( Cort !" B&.r&#> v St&te !" R&.&%th&# cruelty soon R&.&%th&# 4 (as (e8' t(at cruelty before death for demand for dowry d owry are necessary constituent without which the o ffence is not complete $ T(at T(at,, t(re t(reat ate" e"!" !"+ + o 'eceas 'ecease' e' o a8se a8se ac! ac!s! s!t! t!o" o",, a"' a"' 'e"! 'e"!a8 a8 to .ear .ear a"6 c(!8' c(!8' >as >as cre8t6 'o"e o" t(e accse' 7erso", rat(er t(a" accse' 7erso" 'o!"+ cre8t6 o%er t(e 'ecease'$ T(e Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" Ar#e%h ;/&r v St&te !" B)h&r  (e8' t(at  the face that S 498A I! is a co"ni#able and non$bailable offence has lent it a dubious place of pride amon"st provisions provisions that are used as weapons rather than shield by dis"runtled wives.% simplest way to harass is to "et the husband and his relatives arrested arrested under this provisions” 10$ T(at, t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' >as sre86 a>are a>are o 8a>s, s7ec!a886 s7ec!a886 re8ate' re8ate' to >oe", !t ca" .e see" ro t(e act t(at s(e &"e> (o> to !sse 8e+a8 7ro%!s!o"$ 11$ T(at, t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' &"e> t(at t(ere >as "o t(reat ro t(e t(e !"-8a>s o" (er 8!e, asK ! s(e &"e> s(e >o8' (a%e 'e!"!te86 re7orte' !t to soeo"e, or t(e act t(at s(e &"e> t(e

3 1993 r!" 134#Ra$% 4 #2014% 8 S 273 12



8a>s %er6 >e88$ A"' "o sc( re7ort, o>!"+ to t(reat to t(e 8!e o 'ecease' (as .ee" '!sco%ere' or 7ro'ce' .6 t(e 7rosect!o"$ 12$ T(at, t(ere t(ere (as "e%er .ee" a"6 'ea"' o 'o>r6 ra!se'$ ra!se'$ 1/$ T(at, T(at, t(e 7rosect 7rosect!o" !o" (as "e%er "e%er +!%e" +!%e" a"6 e%!'e"ce e%!'e"ce to s77or s77ortt t(e!r t(e!r c8a!, c8a!, t(at t(at t(e accse' 7erso"s 'ea"'e' 'o>r6$ 1$ T(at, A-1 A-1 "e%er acce7te' a"6 s, as c8a!e' c8a!e' .6 t(e P?-4 P?-4 at(er o 'ecease' 'r!"+ t(e corse o !"%est!+at!o"$ 15$ T(at, t(e statee"t statee"t o P?-4 (as "ot .ee" recor'e' !" ro"t o a+!strate, a+!strate, "e!t(er "e!t(er t(ere >as a"6 7r!ar6 >!t"ess s77ort!"+ t(e c8a! o P?-4, t(s t(e c8a! o P?-4 !s "ot a'!ss!.8e$ More o%er t(!s c8a! !s s!786 a se8 creat!o" o 7rosect!o" a"' P?-4 to a8se86 accse t(e accse' 7erso"s$ Ho").8e S7ree Cort (as sa!' t(at the the relatives of the deceased women have "ot a tendency to accuse the in$laws without any reason” 13$ T(at, t(e ost !7orta"t !"+re'!e"ts o sect!o" /0* IPC, 1930 >(!c( are cre8t6 a"' !ts re8at!o" >!t( 'ea"' o 'o>r6 (a%e "ot .ee" esta.8!s(e'$ A"' so t(e case o 7rosect!o" a!8s$ 14$ 14$ I" stat statee <)/&$h&' Pr&(e%h v J!> R&. 5, Ho").8e H!+( Cort (e8' t(at, no no conviction conviction because the alle"ed demand of rupees &'((( was not proved and was not itself a dowry demand ,  , a"' a"' as t(e t(e 7ros 7rosec ect t!o !o" " (as (as a!8 a!8e' e' to 7ro' 7ro'ce ce a"6 >!t" >!t"es esss a"' a"' e%!'e e%!'e"c "cee s77ort!"+ t(e act t(at 'ea"' o 'o>r6 >as ra!se' .6 t(e accse' 7erso"s, accse' 7erso"s ca")t .e co"%!cte'$ 19$ I" St&te !" UP v M&he%h Ch&#(r& P&#(e 6 Ho").8e S7ree Cort (e8' t(at the the accused cannot be convicted under the section unless there is reliable evidence re"ardin" re"ardin" demand of dowry” a+a!" dowry” a+a!" !t states t(e sae 7r!"c!78e as (e8' .6 H!ac(a8 Pra'es( H!+( Cort 5 1997 r!" 2033 #&'% 6 AIR 2000 S 3631 13



N&#( ;)%h!r ;)%h!r v St&te St&te !" M&h&r&% M&h&r&%htr& htr&7 t(e 1$ I" N&#( t(e cor cortt reerr reerre' e' to Sh&#t) v St&te !"

all in"redients of section )(4* of the <&r&#& ? >(ere Ho").8e S7ree Cort (e8' t(at all sections must e+ist con,unctively. -here -here must be ne+us between cruelty and harassment to raise the presumption of dowry death under section &&)* of Indian vidence Act.” T(s, as t(e 7rosect!o" (as a!8e' to esta.8!s( t(e +!8t o accse' 7erso" "'er sect!o" /0*, /0*, t(e t(e .r' .r'e" e" o 7ro% 7ro%!" !"+ + !""oc !""oce" e"ce ce 'oes 'oes "ot s(! s(!tt o t(e t(e acc accse se' ' 7erso 7erso"s "s,, .6 atoat!c eerc!se o sect!o" 11/* o I"'!a" E%!'e"ce Act$ A"', t(s, t(e accse' 7erso"s rea!" !""oce"t$ 20$ 20$ I" M%t&"& Sh&h&(&' She=h v St&te !" M&h&r&%htr& 8 t(at (e8' t(at the the prosecution under section )(4* of I! cannot escape from the burden of proof that the harassment and cruelty was related to demand for dowry and was caused soon before death” T(!s death” T(!s '+e"t o S7ree Cort a+a!" stre"+t(e"s t(e !""oce"ce o t(e accse' 7erso"s t(at, t(e6 (a%e a8se86 .ee" accse' .6 t(e Prosect!o" "'er sect!o" /0* o IPC, 1930$ 21$ T(at, T(at, or t(e aores aoresa!' a!' reaso"s, reaso"s, t(e accse accse' ' 7erso" 7erso"ss s(o8' s(o8' "ot .e (e8' (e8' +!8t6 +!8t6 "'er sect!o" /0* o IPC, 1930

7 1995 r!" 3706 #()M% 8 AIR 1991 S 1226 9 2012 AIR #S*% 5308 14



23 I% )t &# !""e#$e 9#)%h&*'e #(er %e$t)!# 402 !" IPC

T(e co"se8 o" .e(a8 o t(e accse' >o8' (.86 s.!t .eore t(e Lear"e' Sess!o" Cort 13 T(at, t(e accse' 7erso"s c8ear86 'e"6 t(e "ort"ate 'eat( o 'ecease' to .e r'er,

rat(er !t >as ere acc!'e"t$ 23 T(at, t(e ost !7orta"t !"+re'!e"t o r'er !s !"te"t!o" o t(e accse' to r'er t(e

'ecease', >(!c( !s a.se"t$ /$ T(at, t(e t(e co"'ct o t(e t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' .eore .eore (er acc!'e"ta8 acc!'e"ta8 'eat( 'eat( c8ear86 c8ear86 esta.8!s( esta.8!s(es es t(at t(e t(e accse' 7erso"s (a' "e%er t(reate"e' to &!88 or (arasse' or a"6 reaso", t(e 'ecease'$ I"stea' t(e 'ecease' t(reate"e' t(e accse' 7erso" to a8se86 accse t(e o cre8t6 "'er sect!o" 9A o IPC, 1930K "o"et(e8ess, t(e accse' 7erso"s, a"' s7ec!a886 A-2 a"' A-/ >ere a8>a6s s!8e"t a"' !+"ora"t o t(e acts o 'ecease'$ $ T(at T(at,, 'e to o"+o o"+o!" !"+ + ea! ea!"a "at! t!o" o",, 'eceas 'ecease' e' ote ote" " se' se' to +o (oe (oe or 8"c 8"c(, (, >(!c >(!c( ( c8ear86 s!+"!!es t(at s(e '!' "ot (a' a stra!"e' re8at!o"s(!7 >!t( (er !" 8a>s to a" ete"t >(!c( 7rosect!o" >a"ts to esta.8!s($ Moreo%er, o"86 !"ere"ce >(!c( ca" .e 'ra>" ro t(!s co"'ct o 'ecease' !s t(at, s(e >a"te' to (a%e t(at !7orta"t a!86 t!e, >(!c( !s (a%!"+ 8"c( to+et(er, to+ et(er, to .e s7e"t >!t( t(e a!86$ 5$ T(at, T(at, 'eat( o 'ecease' 'ecease' >as a" acc!'e"t acc!'e"tKK t(e .ro&e" 'oor o t(e &!tc(e" &!tc(e" s!+"! s!+"!!es !es t(at, t(at, accs accse' e' 7ers 7erso"s o"s >ere >ere ots! ots!'e 'e t(e t(e &!tc &!tc(e (e" " a"' a"' !" 7roce 7rocess ss o sa%! sa%!"+ "+ t(e t(e 8!e 8!e o t(e t(e 'ecease', t(e6 .ro&e t(e 'oor$ T(e T(e stor6 +oes 8!&e t(!s a$ t(e t(e 'ece 'eceas ase' e' ca caee or or 8"c 8"c( ( .$ t(e 'ecease' >e"t !" t(e &!tc(e" c$ .6 soe reaso" reaso" >(!c( >(!c( !s "ot &"o>" &"o>" to a"6 o"e, o"e, t(e 'oor 'oor +ot c8ose' c8ose' a"' 'ecease 'ecease' ' +ot e"+8e' !" 8aes '$ ater ater (ear!"+ (ear!"+ t(e screa screass o t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' t(e accse accse' ' 7erso"s 7erso"s .ro&e .ro&e t(e 'oor to sa%e (er e$ t(e sae sae screa screa >as (ear' .6 t(e P?-2, P?-2, P?-/ P?-/ a"' P?P?- 

15



$ P?-2 P?-2 a"' P?-/ P?-/ cae cae !" at t(e t(e %er6 sae sae t!e, t!e, >(e" t(e accse' accse' 7erso" 7erso"ss e"tere' e"tere' t(e &!tc(e", a"' to t(e!r sr7r!se t(e accse' 7erso"s sta"'!"+ st!88, >(!c( >as tota886 co!"c!'e"t a"' "ot !"te"t!o"a8$ +$ As t(e s!ta !tatt!o" 7a"! 7a"!c& c&e' e',, A-1 a"' a"' A-2 reac( eac(e' e' >!t >!t( >at >ater a"' a"' .8a" .8a"&e &ett res7ect!%e86 to sa%e t(e 'ecease'$ So t(!s act c8ear86 s!+"!!es t(at t(e6 (a' "o !"te"t!o" o &!88!"+ (er 3$ T(at, t(e t(e 7rosect!o" 7rosect!o" '!' '!' "ot c8ear c8ear .e6o"' reaso"a. reaso"a.8e 8e 'o.t, t(at t(at (o> a"' >(6 >(6 t(e 'oor +ot c8ose', a"' or t(e sae t(e6 'o")t (a%e a"6 esta.8!s(e' esta.8!s(e' >!t"ess$ He"ce 'e to 8ac& o e%!'e"ces, !t !s "ot r!+(t to co"%!ct t(e accse' 7erso"s$ 4$ T(at, "o e%!'e"ce e%!'e"ce (a%e .ee" '!sco% '!sco%ere' ere' a"' 7rese"t 7rese"te' e' .eore .eore t(e cort, cort, a"' so so co"%!ct!o" co"%!ct!o" 7re86 o" t(e .as!s o (67ot(es!s o t(e 7rosect!o" !s too "8a>8$ 9$ T(at T(at t(e t(e stor6 stor6 o 7ros 7rosec ect! t!o" o" !s .ase .ase' ' o" (67ot (67ot(e (ese sess a"' a"' c!rc c!rc st sta" a"t! t!a8 a8 e%!'e" e%!'e"ce ces$ s$ Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" V&('!=!#(& Le#)# v St&te !" A3P 10 / (e8' / (e8' t(at circumstances circumstances on which prosecution relies must be proved beyond all reasonable doubt and such circumstances must be capable of "ivin" rise to an interference which is inconsistent with any other hypothesis e+cept the "uilt of accused it is only in such an event that conviction of accuse accused/ d/ on basis basis of circum circumst stant antial ial evidenc evidencee brou" brou"ht ht by pros prosecut ecution ion// would would be permissible in law law a"' t(e act t(at t(ere are ot(er (67ot(es!s 7oss!.8e a"' t(at sc( (67ot(es!s are ore stro"+ a"' s77orte' .6 e%!'e"ces t(a" t(at o t(e 7rosect!o", as(es t(e (67ot(es!s o t(e 7rosect!o" t(at t(e accse' 7erso"s (a%e r'ere' t(e 'ecease'$ $ T(at, t(e t(e Prosect!o") Prosect!o")ss case case (as +ot a >o"'er8 >o"'er8 stor6 stor6 .t (as (as "e%er .ee" .ee" a.8e to 7ro'ce 7ro'ce a"6 >!t"ess or e%!'e"ce to co"!r t(at t(e act 'o"e .6 a77e88a"t >as 'o"e "'er 88 sa"!t6, T(e Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" R&#.)t S)#>h v St&te 0basic onus St&te !" P#.&* 11, 0basic remains on prosecution and the onus does not chan"e merely because victim is the wife and appellant the husband and the incident happened in a matrimonial home. 10 2012 +II S 260 ,-ara 12, 11 Ra"!t S!"+( %$ State o P"a., 2011 15 SCC 295 16



10$ T(at, as 7er t(e stor6 o 7rosect!o", 7rosect!o", t(e 'ecease' !" (er '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" sa!' th&t her /!ther@)#@'&- P%h9& h&( 9!re( =er!%e#e !ver her &#( her h%*&#( V)ve= h&% %et her !# F)re, as 7er t(e '+e"t o Ho").8e S7ree Cort, ! a dyin" declaration is

complete in itself it is too doubtful $ Here !" t(!s case, as 7er t(e 7rosect!o", t(e 'ecease' (as (as a'e a'e e%er6 e%er6t( t(!" !"+ + c8ear c8ear !" (er '6!"+ '6!"+ 'ec8a 'ec8ara rat! t!o", o", a"' a"' o" t(e t(e ot(e ot(err (a"' (a"' as 7er 7er 7rosect!o" t(e 7ostorte re7ort sa6s t(at 'ecease' '!e' ' e to 0 .r" !"r!esK .ot( t(e acts o t(e 7rosect!o" are %er6 c( co"tra'!ctor6, as !" "o case a 7erso" (a%!"+ 0 .r" !"r!es >o8' .e !t to s7ea& e%e" a >or'$ 11$ T(at, t(e '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" o t(e 'ecease' >as a.r!cate' a.r!cate' e%!'e"ce a"' (as .ee" create' .6 7rosect!o" to accse t(e accse' 7erso"s$ T(!s ca" .e esta.8!s(e' .6 t(e act t(at, as 7er t(e stor6 o 7rosect!o", t(e '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" >as +!%e" to P?-2 P?-2 >(!c( >as o%er(ear' .6 P?-, a"' t(e" >as s.see"t86 a'e to P?-5$ ?(at !s to .e "ote' (ere !s t(at a88 t(e >!t"esses a'e .6 t(e 7rosect!o" are !"tereste' 7art!es !" t(e 'ecease' a"', sc( a >!t"ess !s too (ost!8e, a"' so sc( a'!ss!o" !s "ot 7oss!.8e$ 12$ T(at, T(at, P? P?-3 -3,, >(o atte"'e' atte"'e' t(e 'ecease 'ecease', ', >as t(e o"86 7r'e"t 7r'e"t 7erso" 7erso" to recor' recor' sc( sc( 'ec8arat!o"s, ! t(e 'ecease' >as sc( a" a++r!e%e' 7art6K s(e s(o8' (a%e a'e t(e '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" to P?-3 as >e88, >(e" s(e >as a8!%e$ I s(e >as a.8e to +!%e '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" to P?-2 a"' P?-5 a"' >!t( sc( !"te"s!t6 t(at a 7erso" sta"'!"+ at soe '!sta"ce >as a.8e to (ear !t, t(e" t(e 'ecease' s(o8' (a%e a8so a'e sc( a 'ec8arat!o" !" ro"t o P?-3, as .eore state', t(e 'ecease' >as >e88 aca!"te' >!t( &"o>8e'+e o 8a>$ S(e s(o8' (a%e a'e (er statee"t .eore t(e 'octor 1/$ T(at, t(e ea!"at!o" ea!"at!o" o >!t"ess >(o (ear' t(e 'ec8arat!o" 'ec8arat!o" o t(e 'ecease' !s "ot 'o"e 6et, >(!c( !s too !7orta"t to a'!t t(e 'ec8arat!o" !" t(e cort a"' to secre ast a"' a!r tr!a8, as ore !s t(e t!e +!%e" to t(e >!t"esses, ore >!88 .e t(e a.r!cat!o" !" t(e acts$ I t(e >!t"esses are "ot ea!"e', t(e 'ec8arat!o" !s "ot a'!ss!.8e$ 1$ T(at, t(e stor6 o 7rosect!o" 7rosect!o" !s 7re86 a'e to a8se86 a8se86 accse t(e accse' 7erso"s 7erso"s >(o are %er6 !""oce"t$

17



15$ T(at T(at,, t(e t(e Ca8c Ca8ct tta ta H!+( Cort Cort !" A*h)/&#& B)%-&% v3 A*( 812 (e8' t(at, a a dyin" declaration decla ration is not a proof of truth of its contents con tents but only onl y of facts stated”3 13$ T(at T(at,, t(e t(e 7ros 7rosec ect t!o !o" " >a"t >a"tss to so8e so8e86 86 co"%! co"%!ct ct t(e t(e acc accse se' ' 7ers 7erso" o"ss o" t(e t(e '6!" '6!"+ + 'ec8 'ec8ar arat at!o !o", ", >(!c >(!c( ( !s (!+( (!+(86 86 'o.t 'o.t 8, 8, Ho") Ho").8 .8ee S7re S7ree e Cor Cortt !" P&9&r&/*&=& R!%&//& v3 St&te !" AP 14 (e8' t(at where where conviction is solely based upon the dyin"

declaration/ there is obli"ation on the part of the court to consider with e+treme care and caution both the dyin" declaration and also the evidence of the witness supportin" it” 14$ T(at, or a '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" to .e a'!ss!.8e a'!ss!.8e "'er sect!o" /21 o I"'!a" E%!'e"ce E%!'e"ce Act, 1942, t(ere s(o8' .e a e'!ca8 cert!!cate o a 'octor to cert!6 t(at t(e 7erso" a&!"+ t(e 'ec8arat!o" !s !t to 'o so, .t (ere !" t(!s case t(ere >as "o cert!!cate !sse' .6 a"6 'octor to sa6 >(et(er t(e 'ecease' >as !t to a&e a '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" 'ec8arat!o" or "ot$ T(s, or t(!s 8ac& o cert!!cate, >(!c( !s !e"se86 esse"t!a8 or a 'ec8arat!o" to .e a'!ss!.8e, t(e 'ec8arat!o" !s "ot a'!ss!.8e$ Ho").8e Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" St&te !" Or)%%& v3 P&r&%r&/ N&)= 1 (e8' t(at 0the t(at 0the accused husband was alle"ed to have poured petrol on his wife and lit fire. +tensive burn in,uries were caused. -he oral dyin" declaration made to her mother was ruled out from acceptance. -here was absence of certificate showin" her to be fit from makin" the statement. !onviction of the accused was not held to be proper”. Ho").8e Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" Arv)#( S)#>h V% St&te !" B)h&r 15 >(ere t(e >!e >as &!88e' .6 .r"!"+, s(e "ae' "a e' (er !"-8a>s a"' (s.a"' to (a%e 7ore' &erose"e a"' set (er o" !e a"', s(e a'e t(!s '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" .eore (er ot(er s(ort86 .eore (er 'eat($ No

12 AIR 1981 al 444 13 AIR 1999 S 3455 14 AIR 1997 S 3569 15 AIR 2001 S 2124 18



e'!ca8 e'!ca8 cert! cert!!ca !cate te >as t(ere as to (er !t"e !t"ess ss or a&!"+ a&!"+ t(e state statee"t e"t (e8' (e8' t(at, t(at, 0uncorroborated testimony of the mother was not worth of bein" accepted”. 19$ T(at, as 7er 7er Ho").8e Ho").8e S7ree S7ree Cort !" St&te !" P#.&* v A/&r.)t S)#>h 16 (e8' t(at  A declaration which is not taken in the deceased own words but is merely a note of the substance of what she said to the police cannot be safely accepted as a sufficient basis of conviction$A"' conviction$A"' !" P*')$ Pr!%e$t!r, !t"esses (a%e 6et "ot 'e7os!te' t(e!r test!o"6 !" cort .eore t(e a+!strate$ 1$ I" Sre#(&r ;/&r v St&te 1? a" a"' S&t*)r S)#>h v St&te !" <&r&#& 18 t(e Ho").8e P"a. a"' Hara6a"a H!+( Cort (e8' t(at the  the deceased in her dyin" declaration before stated that her husband and her mother in law used to harass her on account of brin"in" dowry so she took poison herself. -here was no certificate of fitness recorded by doctor before or after dyin" declaration so conviction solely based on dyin" declaration is held not proper” 20$ T(at, "o"e o t(e >!t"ess state' t(e act t(at t(e t(e 'ecease' (a' !t e"ta8 co"'!t!o" to +!%e t(e '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o"$ Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" N&#&h& R&/ v St&t !" MP 20 (as (e8' that the court in order to satisfy whether the deceased was in a fit mental condition to make make the dyin" declar declarati ation on normal normally ly look look up to the medical medical option option but where where the 16 AIR 1988 S 2013 17 1993 r!" 2729 18 1997 r!" 1737 '.& 19 2011 r!" 604 '.& 20 AIR 1998 S 912 19



eyewitness has said that the deceased as in fit or c conscious state to make the dyin" declaration the medical option cannot prevail $ I" t(!s case "e!t(er e'!ca8 7ract!t!o"er "or t(e e6e>!t"esses (a%e a'e a"6 sc( statee"t$ So t(e 'ec8arat!o" sta"'s %o!'$ A"' t(s t(!s '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" ca""ot .e a' so8 .as!s o co"%!ct!o", >(!c( t(e 7rosect!o" >a"ts$ T(e Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" B&#=& N&)=! v3 St&te !" Or)%%& 21 (e8' t(at, when when dyin" declaration declaration is not properly properly proved it cannot be used to corrobora corroborate te other evidences”3 T(s (ere or t(e act t(at '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" !s 88 o 'o.ts, !t 8oses !ts %a8e .ot( as '!rect e%!'e"ce a"' as corro.orat!%e e%!'e"ce 21$ T(at, or t(e a.o%e e"t!o"e' acts, t(e '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" 'ec8arat!o" !s too ss7!c!os ss7!c!os a"' s(o8' "ot .e acce7te' !" a"6 >a6$ Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" R&%h)( Be> v3 St&te !" M&(h& Pr&(e%h 22 (e8' t(at where where dyin" declaration is suspicious it should not be acted upon

corporative evidence” 22$ T(at, as 7er t(e '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o", 'ec8arat!o", t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' >as .r"t .6 7or!"+ 7or!"+ &erose"e o%er (erK .t 7rosect!o" (as a!8e' to '!sco%er a"6 o.ect !" >(!c( & erose"e >as &e7t, or >as se' to 7or &erose"e, ro cr!e sce"e$ 2/$ T(at, t(e 'ec8arat!o" 'ec8arat!o" a'e .6 t(e 'ecease' !s too 'o.t8 as s(e ear8!er ear8!er t(reate"e' t(reate"e' t(e accse' to accse t(e o a&e 'o>r6 'ea"'$ 2$ T(at, !"a886 !t)s o" t(e '!scret!o" o t(e cort to acce7t a '6!"+ 'ec8arat!o" ! !ts sat!s!e' .6 t(e ar+e"ts, .t (ere t(e 7o!"t !s "o ar+e"t !" s77ort o t(e 'ec8arat!o" (a%e .ee" a'e$ Ho").8e S7ree Cort !" ;&#t) L&' v St&te !" R&.&%th&# 24 (e8' t(at, admissibility of dyin" declaration would depend upon pro+imate factual concurrence of the dyin" declaration/ makers voluntariness and fitness capacity to narrate the fact and the court satisfaction.” 21 AIR 1976 S 2013 22 #1974% 4 S 264 23 #2009% 12 S 498 20



25$ T(at, T(at, t(e 7ostor 7ostorte te re7ort re7ort s++ests s++ests t(at t(e 'eat( 'eat( >as 'e to 0 .r" !"r!es !"r!es o" .o'6, .t !t "e%er "e %er sa!' t(at .r" . r" !"r!es >ere a'e 'e to &erose"e$ So a.se"ce o t(!s !7ort !7orta"t a"t act act !" 7ost7a 7ost7art rt  re7ort re7ort as(e as(ess t(at c8a! o 7rosec 7rosect! t!o"$ o"$ T(ere T(ere !s "o 7ro!!t6 o co""ect!o" !" t(e statee"t a'e .6 t(e 'ecease' !" ro"t o P?-2 P?-2 a"' P?-5, a"' t(e 7ostorte re7ort$ T(ereore t(e 'eat( a88e+e' to (a%e .ee" case' .6 A-1, A-2 a"' A-/ to t(e 'ecease' (as "o 7ro!ate co""ect!o" >!t( (er 'eat( a"' t(e statee"t a'e .6 t(e 'ecease' to t(e re8at!%es s(o8' "ot .e a statee"t re8e%a"t "'er sect!o" /21 o I"'!a" E%!'e"ce Act, 1942$ T(!s 7r!"c!78e >as (e8' !" I/r&# ;h&# v3 St&te !" MP2$

23$ T(at, T(at, >(e" t(e 'ecease' 'ecease' (a' 0 o .r"s o%er t(e .o'6, .o'6, >as s(e 'eee' 'eee' !t to +!%e stat state ee"t e"t "'er "'er co"sc co"sc!o !os s !"' !"'JJ *eca *ecase se Ho") Ho").8 .8ee S7r S7re eee Cor Cortt !" ;&/&'&=&r (e8' t(at t(at ther N&#( N&#(r& r&/ / B&v& B&v&%&r %&r v St&te St&te !" M&h&r M&h&r&%h &%htr& tr& 25 (e8' theree can can be no dyin dyin" " declaration because of e+tensive burns” I" St&te !" ;&r#&t&=& v Sh&#=&r 26, ar"ata&a H!+( Cort (e8' t(at the the relatives of the decease deceased d wife wife turned turned hostil hostile1 e1 dyin" dyin" declar declarati ation on after after 9(2 burns did not have any medical fitness certificate. Hence the accused are ac3uitted” 24$ T(at, or t(e a.o%e e"t!o"e' reaso"!"+ reaso"!"+ a"' acts, t(e ac!s!t!o" ac!s!t!o" o accse' 7erso"s 7erso"s "'er sect!o" sect!o" /02 o IPC, 1930, !s too %a+e, a"' so t(e6 s(o8' s(o8' .e re!tte' re!tte' ro t(ese c(ar+es !e'!ate86$

24 1995 r!" 17 #M'% 25 AIR 2004 S 503 26 2000 r!" 1917#/A% 21



43 D! the &$$%e( 9er%!#% h&ve &# C!//!# I#te#t)!#

T(e co"se8 o" .e(a8 o t(e accse' >o8' (.86 s.!t .eore t(e Lear"e' Sess!o" Cort t(at 1$ T(at, t(ere t(ere >as >as "o coo" coo" !"te"t!o" !"te"t!o" or or ot!%e ot!%e ao"+st ao"+st t(e accse' accse' 7erso"s 7erso"s 2$ T(at T(at,, t(er t(eree >as >as a.se a.se"c "cee o a"6 a"6 7re 7re 78a" 78a""e "e' ' act act o t(e t(e acc accse se' ' 7ers 7erso" o"ss to &!88 &!88 t(e t(e 'ecease'$

22



PRAER

It !s t(ere t(ereore ore,, 7ra6e' 7ra6e' t(at, t(at, 6or 8or's(! 8or's(!7s 7s a6 +rac!o +rac!os8 s86 6 .e 78ease' 78ease' I" t(e 8!+(t o ar+e"ts ar+e"ts a'%a"ce' a"' at(or!t!es at(or!t!es c!te', t(e co"se8 o" .e(a8 o Accse' Perso"s (.86 s.!ts t(at t(e Lear"e' Sess!o" Cort a6 .e 78ease' to a''+e a"' 'ec8are t(at, 1$ T(e accse' accse' 7erso"s 7erso"s are are "ot (e8' (e8' +!8t6 +!8t6 o t(e oe"ce oe"ce a"' are are ac!tte'$ ac!tte'$ a"' 7ass a"6 or'er or or'ers as 6or 8or's(!7 a6 'ee !t as !t 'ees !t !" t(e !"terest o e!t6, st!ce a"' +oo' co"sc!e"ce$ A"' or t(!s act o &!"'"ess t(e state s(a88 e%er 7ra6$

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Memorial on Behalf of Accused - 7th RLC SAQUIB RIZVI MEMORIAL NATIONAL MOOT COURT COMPETITION 2015

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