Open Channel Hydraulics, River Hydraulic Structures and Fluvial Geomorphology.pdf

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Open Channel Hydraulics, River Hydraulic Structures and Fluvial Geomorphology For Engineers, Geomorphologists and Physical Geographers





























































































































































































































Open Channel Hydraulics, River Hydraulic Structures and Fluvial Geomorphology For Engineers, Geomorphologists and Physical Geographers Editors Artur Radecki-Pawlik Institute of Structural Mechanics Faculty of Civil Engineering Cracow University of Technology

Previously employed in: Department of Hydraulics Engineering and Geotechnic University of Agriculture in Krakow Poland Stefano Pagliara DESTEC – Department of Energy, Engineering, Systems, Land and Construction University of Pisa Italy Jan Hradecký Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology Faculty of Science University of Ostrava Czech Republic

Associate Editor Erik Hendrickson Large Lakes Observatory (LLO) University of Minnesota-Duluth USA















































































































Cover Illustratio ns Background Image: Te ara ara River in Montenegro—pict Montenegro—picture ure taken by Artur Radecki-Pawlik (editor of the book) op image: Peterka type of ramp hydraulic structure on the Lubenka River in Southern Poland—Reproduced by kind courtesy of Karol Plesinski (author of Chapter 5) 5)

CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2018 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper Version Date: 220170630 0170119 01701 19 978-1-4987-3082-2 (Hardback) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-4799-8

This book contains i nformation obtained from authentic authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the valid ity of all a ll materia materials ls or the consequenc consequences es of their use. The authors and publishers publ ishers have attempted atte mpted to trace the copyright holders holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify i n any future reprint. Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, photocopying, microfilm ing, and recording, or in any i nformation storage or or retrieval sys tem, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/ ) or contact the Copyright Clea rance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-p not-for-profit rofit organization that provides licenses and regi stration for a variet y of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered tr ademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infri nge.















































































































Preface

One day, I was sitting in my ofce after giving a lecture to students for a course called “Integrated Watershed Watershed Management” I thought we have taught taught this course at the University of Agriculture in Cracow at the Environmental Faculty facility for our students and others from Erasmus for many years, but we do not have many teaching materials available for it. Also, we teach many other water resource courses about rivers, hydraulics, and uvial processes; I was struck by the thought that maybe we could create a useful teaching material for our students by compiling information from all of these different water resource subjects at one place. While rivers are attractive and important enough by themselves, the question remained for me: How do we improve the materials for the course? Can we provide students with good informational informational material for a range of topics that would help me and other teachers/professors? teach ers/professors? I was then struck by another anothe r thought and a clear idea formed in my head: I need a good, well-written, and nicely presented textbook from very skilled specialists in water resource subjects from all over the world who have experience working in river catchments. I also wanted specialists who are as passionate, enthusiastic, and enjoy rivers and streams as much as I do. In the next couple of days following my new idea, I ew to Pisa, Italy (thankfully we have direct ights between Cracow and Pisa), where I met my colleague Stefano and told him about the textbook idea focused on streams, rivers, basics of hydraulics and uvial geomorphology, geomorphology, river engineering, watershed management and a nd other useful water resources subjects. Stefano liked the idea and the two of us decided we needed a good uvial geomorphologist on board, so we called Jan (in Czech his name is Honza) from Ostrava, Czech Republic. Jan, as a dean of faculty and a very good professional in his eld, immediately appreciated our idea about the textbook and agreed to work with us. Whilst identifying chapter authors we decided we needed a good professional language editor to work with us, a native speaker but familiar with this eld. It was a difcult task to nd somebody like this but then I remembered that during one of courses we run in Czorsztyn, Poland for students from the University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point (our close friends from the United States, who have visited Poland for two week periods every summer for over 25 years), I had met Erik Erik Hendrickson. I simply asked Erik for help, and after a short conversation, he agreed to help. He was a very big help! Thanks, Erik! Anyway—as I said—we need a good textbook on rivers, uvial geomorphology geomorphology,,

















































































































Contents

Preface

1. Princ Principles iples of Hydraulic Hydraulicss of Open Channels Channels Stefano Pagliara and Michele Palermo

v 1

2. Hydra Hydraulics ulics of Selected Selected Hydraulic Hydraulic Structures Structures Hubert Chanson and Stefan Felder

25

3. Weir Classications

47

Blake P. P. Tullis 4. Hydrodynamics of River Structures Constructed with Natural Materials

56

Kohji Michioku 5. Block Ramps: A Field Field Example Karol Plesinski and Artur Radecki-Pawlik

82

6. Hydraulic Calculations for Fish Passes Mokwa Marian and and Tymiński Tymiński Tomasz

98

7. River Embankments Magdalena Borys, Eugeniusz Eugeniusz Zawisza, Andrzej Gruchot Gruchot and Krzysztof Chmielowski

133

8. Basics of River Flow Modelling Tomasz Dysarz

168















































































































vi

Open Channel Hydraulics, River Hydraulic Structures and Fluvial Geomorphology

want to understand water issues and problems. Now you know how this book began, and now, fortunately, this book is in your hands! We invited brilliant specialists from around the world to work on this book. Nearly all continents are represented by these specialists here in this book. The people who contributed are world famous specialists in river-related problems, are enthusi astic and, very professional. Thank you, friends, for giving your time and for doing your best for our students, teachers, professors, and for the future of rivers. So, nally, we have a product which is directed to uvial geomorphologists, hydraulic and river engineers, physical geographers, geophysicists, and water resource managers. We We hope you appreciate the subjects in this book and that the book is useful for you. Once more, thank you to all the people who were involved in preparing this book. It is ready for classes, students, professors, and teachers. I believe we have created a very good textbook. So please, have fun and enjoy becoming a professional working with rivers, hydraulics, and in general, water resources. Artur Radecki-Pawlik Stefano Pagliara Jan Hradecký Erik Hendrickson















































































































viii

Open Channel Hydraulics, River Hydraulic Structures and Fluvial Geomorphology

14. Geomorphology and Hydraulics of Steep Mountain Channels

269

Tomáš Galia 15. Slope Stability – Basic Information Tymoteusz Zydroń, Anna Zydroń, Anna Bucała-Hrabia, Andrzej T. T. Gruchot and and Veronika Kapustova

280

16. Changes of Mountain River Channels and Their Environmental Effects Elżbieta Gorczyca, Gorczyca, Kazimierz Krzemień, Maciej Liro Liro and and Mateusz Mateusz Sobucki

303

17. Sediment Transport and Channel Morphology: Implications for Fish Habitat Marwan A. Hassan, Carles Ferrer-Boix, Ferrer-Boix, Piotr Cienciala and

322

Shawn Chartrand 18. Understanding the Past of Rivers: Reading the History of Rivers from Documents and Maps Francisco da Silva Costa, António Avelino Batista Vieira Vieira and

349

António José Bento Gonçalves 19. Sediment Yield in Different Scales in a Semiarid Basin: The Case of the Jaguaribe River, River, Brazil

375

José Carlos de Araújo, Everton Alves Rodrigues Pinheiro, Pedro Henrique Augusto Medeiros, Medeiros, José Vidal Vidal de Figueiredo and Axel Bronstert B ronstert 20. Application of Remote Sensing and the GIS in Interpretation of River Geomorphic Response to Floods Milan Lehotský, Miloš Rusnák and Anna Kidová

388

21. Human Impact on Mountain Streams and Rivers

400

Joanna Korpak 22. Introduction to Floods: Analysis and Modelling Fabian Rivera-Trejo, Juan Barajas-Fernández, Barajas-Fernández, Gabriel Gabriel Soto-Cortés and Alejandro Mendoza-Reséndiz

436

23. Mountain Slopes Protection and Stabilization after Forest Fires

452











































































































Open Channel Hydraulics, River Hydraulic Structures and Fluvial Geomorphology.pdf

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