Pedia Notes

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT: BODY WEIGHT Ideal Body Weight Age Kilograms Pounds At birth 3 (Filipino) 7 3.25 (Caucasian) 3-12 mo Age (mo) + 9 / 2 Age (mo) + 10 (Filipino) Age (mo) + 11 (Caucasian) 1-6 y Age (y) x 2 + 8 Age (y) x 5 + 17 7-12 y Age (y) x 7 – 5 / 2 Age (y) x 7 + 5 GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT: BODY WEIGHT Ideal Body Weight given Birth Weight Age Using Birth Weight in Grams < 6 mo Age (mo) x 600 + birth weight (gm) 6-12 mo Age (mo) x 500 + birth weight (gm) GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT: BODY WEIGHT Expected Body Weight (good up to 1 month of age) Term EBW = (age in days – 10) x 20 + birth weight (gm) Pre-term EBW = (age in days – 14) x 15 + birth weight (gm) Where: 10 = number of days to recover over physiologic weight loss 20 = g/day gained

NORMAL VALUES OF HEMOGLOBIN, HEMATOCRIT, MCV AGE Hgb Mean/ Hct% Mean/ MCV (-2SD) (-2SD) Mean/ (-2SD) Newborn 16.5 (13.5) 51 (42) 108 (96) 1 mo 13.9 (10.7) 44 (33) 101 (91) 2 mo 11.2 (9.4) 35 (28) 95 (84) 6 mo 12.6 (11.0) 36 (31) 76 (68) > 6 mo. 12.5 (11.0) 36 (33) 81 (70 + age per year) Adult Male 15.5 (13.5) 47 (40) 90 (80) Female 14.0 (12.0) 41 (36) 90 (80)

GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT: BODY WEIGHT Using Changes in Weight at Different Ages 4-5 months 2x birth weight 1 year 3x birth weight 2 years 4x birth weight 3 years 5x birth weight 5 years 6x birth weight 7 years 7x birth weight 10 years 10x birth weight GROWTH & DEVELOPMENT: LENGTH/HEIGHT Age Centimeters Inches At birth 50 20 1 yr 75* 30 2 – 12 yrs Age x 5 + 80 Age x 2 + 32 *Gain in 1st yr ≈ 25 cm, distributed as follows: 0 – 3 mo: 9 cm 3 – 6 mo: 8 cm 6 – 9 mo: 5 cm 9 – 12 mo: 3 cm PEDIATRIC FLUID VOLUME: Maintenance A. Based on caloric expenditure (Holday-Segar method) Actual Body Weight (kg) TFR 1st 10 kg of BW 100 mL/kg/day, plus nd 2 10 kg of BW 50 mL/kg/day, plus Body weight > 20 kg 20 mL/kg/day e.g., 25 kg child: (1000 + 500 + 100) = 1600 mL/day PEDIATRIC FLUID VOLUME: Maintenance B. Based on BSA TFR = Insensible Water Loss + Approximate BSA Urine Output Age/weight BSA where: NB/ 3 kg 0.3 m2 2 IWL: 400 – 800 mL/m /day 1 yr/ 10 kg 0.5 x BSA 10 yrs/ 30 1 Urine: 600 – 1000 kg 2 mL/m /day x BSA 13 – 14 yrs/ 1.5 60 kg (cm)𝑥 wt (kg) ht Adult/ 70 kg 1.73 BSA = √ 3600

PEDIATRIC FLUID VOLUME: Maintenance C. Conditions that alter maintenance fluid Condition Adjustment needed Extra needed Fever 12% for each °C > 37.5°C Or 7 mL/kg for each 0.5 °C > 37.5°C Room temp > 31°C 30% per °C rise Hypermetabolism 20-30%  Major surgery 2% increase per 1% area burnt  Burns Diarrhea/vomiting Volume per volume Phototherapy 25% Less required Hypothermia 12% for each °C < 37.5°C High humidity 30% Oliguria/Edema Case-to-case/30% Sedated/Paralyzed 40%