Any drug which has a definite dosage form, dose,
Hospital Pharmacy: Pharmacy: A department of hospital which
therapeutic mode of action and used for the treatment
deals
of disease is disease is called medicine.
dispensing,
with
procurement,
storage,
manufacturing,
testing,
compounding, packaging
&
distribution of drugs. Medication: A medication or medicine is a drug taken to cure or ameliorate any symptoms of an illness or
Drug Discovery:
medical condition, or may be used as preventive medicine that has future benefits but does not treat any
strategists]
existing or pre-existing diseases or symptoms.
Dispensing of Medication: It is often regulated by governments into 3 into 3 categories —
Choose a disease [company’s market target [receptor, enzyme or Choose a drug target [receptor, nucleic acid]
Identify a bioassay a bioassay [in [in vitro, in vivo, High throughput screening, Screening by NMR,
i.
Over the Counter (OTC) Medications, which are available in pharmacies and supermarkets without special restrictions
ii.
Behind the Counter (BTC) Medications, which are dispensed by a pharmacist without needing a doctor's prescription
iii.
Affinity screening]
Find a lead compound
Isolate and Isolate and purify the lead compound if necessary
compound if necessary
Prescription only Medicines (POM), which must be prescribed by a licensed medical professional,
Determine the structure of the lead
Drug Design:
usually a physician Systemic Medications: Medications: Systemic drug therapy involves treatment that affects the body as a whole or that acts specifically on systems that involve the entire body, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, or nervous systems. Psychiatric disorders also are
Relationships Identify Structure Activity Relationships
Identify the pharmacophore
Improve Pharmacodynamics properties
Improve Pharmacokinetic properties
Drug Development:
treated systemically. Dosage Form: Form: A dosage form is the physical form in
Patent the drug
Carry out preclinical trials
which a drug is produced and dispensed, such as a
[Pharmacology studies, drug metabolism,
tablet, a capsule, or an injectable.
toxicology, formulation and stability tests etc]
Loading Dose: Dose: Initial dose dose used to maintain plasma-
Design a manufacturing process [Chemical and process development]
drug concentration.
Carry out clinical trial
Maintenance Dose: Dose Dose: Dose used to regulate plasma-drug
Register and market the drug
concentration.
Make money
Standard Dose: Generally Dose: Generally usable for all patients.
DOP Test: Test: A DOP Test is a test used to assess the efficiency of gas filters. filters. Originally conceived as a test for
In vivo: vivo: In vivo refers to experimentation using a whole,
HEPA filters, but can be applied to a range of filter
living organism as opposed to a partial or dead
media.
organism. organism. Animal testing and clinical trials are two forms of in vivo research.
A liquid aerosol of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) (DOP) of mean diameter 0.3 micron micron is produced and caused to flow
In vitro: In vitro: In vitro refers to the technique of performing a
toward the test medium. The concentration of DOP DOP
given procedure in a controlled environment outside of
upsteam of the test medium is measured and compared
a living organism.
with that present downstream, from which the efficiency can be calculated.
Pharmacopoeia: An official publication which lists various drugs & therapeutic agents of current use with their monographs & specifies tests & standards for them (e.g. BP, USP, AP, IP).
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