SAMSUNG ENGINEERING CO., LTD SAMSUNG SEI TOWER, 467-14 Dogok – 2 Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul, KOREA 135-280
DESIGN MANUAL SEM-9522E PROCESS DESIGN MANUAL
Preparation of Datasheet for Water Treatment REV. DATE
:0 : 2006.8.23
SAMSUNG ENGINEERING CO., LTD.
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE i OF
Contents Page 1
PURPOSE AND MAKING METHOD.....................................................１ 1.1 1.2 1.3
2.
RAW WATER TREATMENT...................................................................１ 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5. 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9
3
GENERAL DESCRIPTION................................................................１ SCOPE DEFINITION........................................................................３ DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS.............................................................３ PERFORMANCE GUARANTEE VENDOR SHALL GUARANTEE THE FOLLOWING PERFORMANCE..........................................................９ UTILITY CONDITIONS.................................................................１０ BATTERY LIMIT CONDITIONS......................................................１０ REMARKS..................................................................................１０ ATTACHMENT.............................................................................１１ RAW WATER TREATMENT PACKAGE MAKING GUIDE......................３３
DIMINERALIZED WATER..................................................................４１ 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7
4
PURPOSE......................................................................................１ SUPPLEMENTARY ARTICLE.............................................................１ MAKING METHOD..........................................................................１
GENERAL DESCRIPTION.............................................................４２ SCOPE DEFINITION....................................................................４３ DESIGN CONSIDERATION...........................................................４３ PERFORMANCE GUARANTEE......................................................４８ BATTERY LIMIT CONDITION........................................................５０ ATTACHMENT.............................................................................５１ DEMINERALIZED WATER SYSTEM MAKING GUIDE.......................５５
POTABLE WATER PACKAGE...........................................................５９ 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4
GENERAL DESCRIPTION.............................................................５９ SCOPE DEFINITION....................................................................６０ DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS..........................................................６０ FLOW SCHEME..........................................................................６３
ii
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
4.5 4.6 4.7 5
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE ii OF
REMARKS..................................................................................６３ ATTACHMENT.............................................................................６３ POTABLE WATER MAKING GUIDE...............................................６７
REVISION HISTORY..........................................................................６８
ii
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 1
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 1 OF 68
PURPOSE AND MAKING METHOD 1.1
Purpose This guide has sample data sheet about skill option that is required to make raw water treatment, potable water treatment, demineralized water treatment data sheet. it provide design base about each skill option.
1.2
Supplementary Article Major equipment and capacity should be entered on a base of data accumulated in job. data about chemicals and basic equipment is followed up by contact with vendor or gathering data.
1.3
Making Method Serial numbers is given about changeable articles by water condition and job characteristic, design base and application range is indicated in making guide.
2. RAW WATER TREATMENT * Raw Water Treatment Package This data sheet defines the minimum technical requirements for the raw water pretreatment facilities. Vendor shall carefully study and verify those requirements in this data sheet and shall execute related works. 2.1
General Description Raw water treatment facilities shall treat raw water to produce filtered water and to supply it to users in the plant as plant water
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 2 OF 68
and to water treatment facilities as raw feed water and to cooling water system as make-up. These Facilities Consists Of The Following Units. - Clarifier unit - Sand filter unit - Sludge dewatering unit - Chemical injection unit 2.1.1
Clarifier Unit Raw water will be transferred from Sam-Bong lake and Dae-Ho lake via 23 km pipeline and be received in the raw water pond located in the east side of utility center, which will have the capacity of 150,000 m3. raw water will be pumped up from the raw water pond to the clarifier unit to reduce the turbidity with injection of coagulants and coagulant aids. Ph is adjusted by injecting NaOH solution in order to reduce organic matter, chlorine shall be also injected. The clarified water shall be feed to the sand filter unit.
2.1.2
Sand Filter Unit The overflow from the clarifier shall be transferred to the sand filters by gravity flow for removal of small amount of remaining suspended materials. The sand filter unit shall be equipped with water backwash and air backwash systems. The filtered water shall be collected in the intermediate water basin and pumped to the filtered water tank. Backwash waste water shall be collected in the recovered water pit to be recycled to the raw water feed line. Filtered water will be used as plant water, cooling water make-up and RO feed water.
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
2.1.3
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 3 OF 68
Sludge Dewatering Unit The sludge removed from the bottom of the clarifier shall be thickened and stored in the sludge chamber. The thickened sludge is pumped up to the sludge dewatering equipment and mixed with polyelectrolyte. Dewatered sludge cake shall be loaded to truck and the separated water shall be returned to the raw water feed line through the recovered water pit.
2.2
Scope Definition The plant shall include the following equipments, but those shall be regard as typical. Vendor shall check raw and treated water quality, and supply further equipments if necessary to meet design conditions.
2.3
2.2.1
Clarifier Unit
2.2.2
Sludge Dewatering Unit for details, refer to equipment
2.2.3
Sand Filter Unit
2.2.4
Chemical Injection Unit
list as attached #2
Design Considerations 2.3.1
Design Codes and Standards Specification for This Project. (1) Design of the facilities shall be done according to engineering specification for this project.
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 4 OF 68
(2) If there are no applicable standards or code, suitable additional standards shall be adopted upon owner's approval. 2.3.2
Design Basis 1)
Design Capacity
2)
Inlet Conditions Refer to attached # 1 for the specifications of raw water.
3)
Outlet Conditions The required specifications of clarified water after clarifier and filtered water after sand filter are as follows. - Clarified Water: SS ...less than 10 mg/l - Filtered Water: SS ...less than 2 mg/l Ph ...6 - 8.2 Cod ...less than 10 mg/l
4)
Effluent Specifications
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 5 OF 68
Solid content in the sludge cake: min 15 % 2.3.3
Specifications for the Units 1)
Clarifier Unit (1) This unit is considered to have four trains with each train having The capacity of 520 m3/hr Treated water shall have SS less than 10 mg/l.. (2) Clarification shall be accomplished in the slurry recirculation type clarifier with a slow moving de sludge scraper. (3) To reduce the water turbidity, poly aluminum chloride (PAC) is used as a coagulants. (4) If polyelectrolyte as flocaid is required in flocculation, edible polymer aid permitted by Korean authorities shall be used. (5) Sodium hypo-chloride (NaOCl) shall be used for chlorination. (6) All equipments except for chemical storage tanks, injection system including pumps shall be suitable for outdoor installations. (7) Sludge removal shall be automatically controlled for intermittent operation. (8) Inlet water to the clarifier unit shall be
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 6 OF 68
controlled by an automatic control valve. (9) An integrating flow meter shall be provided on the inlet water line to the clarifier unit with controls to proportion chemical feeds to inlet flow. (10) Clarifier is constructed as a concrete, the internal of clarifier is composed of sludge agitator and mixing chamber, sludge scraper to remove solid state sludge. 2)
Sludge Dewatering Unit (1) Sludge discharged from the clarifiers shall be dewatered to minimum 15% in solids with injection of cationic polyelectrolyte (PETR). Coagulation tank with mixer shall be provided, if necessary. (2) One train of belt press type sludge dewatering equipment shall be provided and shall have a sufficient capacity based on 8 hrs per day intermittent operation. (3) All facilities for removal and truck loading of dewatered sludge cake shall also provide. (4) Sludge chamber shall have the capacity of one day operation. (5) A dissolving tank shall be provided for PETR with a mixer and an auto feeder. The dissolved PETR shall be introduced to the PETR day tank by gravity flow.
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 7 OF 68
(6) All equipment except for chemical storage tanks, injection pumps and sludge dewatering equipment shall be suitable for outdoor installation. 3)
Sand Filter Unit (1) Multiple filters shall be provided to allow continuous operation at full system design capacity with one unit out of service. (2) Gravity type sand filter shall be provided. The filter shall be capable of being operated manually and automatically. Back wash shall be initiated either by push button, timer or high differential pressure signal. (3) The minimum run length shall be 24 hours per filter. (4) The volume of the recovered water pit shall be more than the amount of water from one filter backwash. The capacity of the recovery water recycling pumps shall be decided to pump up the backwash waste water during normal backing interval. (5) Interlocking system shall be applied in order to prevent simultaneous backwashing. (6) All equipments shall be suitable for outdoor installation. (7) An integrating-indicating flow meter shall be installed on each outlet line of plant water and
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 8 OF 68
cooling water make-up. (8) Turbidity meter shall be installed on the outlet of the intermediate water pump. 4)
Chemical Injection Unit (1) Separate chemical feeding systems shall be provided for coagulants, coagulant aids, naoc1, and NaOH solution. (2) The chemical feeding systems shall be sized to the 7 days capacity at design flow rate. (3) Agitators shall be motor driven with shaft and impeller materials suitable for chemical mixed. (4) Chemical storage tank and pump materials shall be suitable for the chemicals.
2.3.4
Instrumentation and Control System. Automatic control system shall be applied where process values are kept constant, or where frequent manipulation would otherwise be required, local control panel with plc shall be installed in the local control room. Control of the facilities shall be done with this local control panel. In addition to the local control panel, the following monitoring function shall be supplied from plc through communication line to DCS which will be installed in the central control room. - Operation and Regeneration Status of the Sand Filters
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 9 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
2.4 Performance.
- Turbidity Indicator - Tank and Vessel Indicators - Alarms Performance Guarantee Vendor Shall Guarantee the Following
2.4.1
Product Capacity and Quality (1) Clarifier
- Capacity : 520 m3/hr/train - SS : Less than 10 mg/l (2) Sand filter - Capacity : 300 m3/hr/train (exclude backwash loss) - SS : Less than 2mg/l - COD : Less than 10mg/l 2.4.2
Utility and Chemical Consumption (1) Chemicals -
PAC ------------------------ * kg/day NaOCl ------------------------ * kg/day Polyelacrolyte --------------- * kg/day Others (if req'd) ------------- * kg/day
(2) Power 2.4.3
------------------------ * kwh/day
Effluent
Dewatered Sludge Cake Quantity ---------------------- Max. * kg/d Solid Content -------------- Min. 15 % 2.4.4
Operation Cycle
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 10 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
Filter - Operation Time: Min 24 hr/cycle - Backwash Time : Max. 1 hr/cycle 2.5.
Utility Conditions Refer to Attached # 4.
2.6
Battery Limit Conditions PRESS
TEMP
(kg/cm2)
(℃)
INCOMING RAW WATER
2.0
LP STEAM INST. AIR
AMBIENT
3.5
195
7.0
AMBIENT
OUTGOING PLANT WATER CW MAKEUP
2.7
5.0 3.0
AMBIENT AMBIENT
Remarks (1) Vendor to State Blanks Marked with * (2) Vendor is encouraged to bid an alternative proposal which is economical and reliable under the conditions that his system is able to meet the design requirements.
2.8
Attachment Process flow diagram and equipment list attached herewith are for reference. (1) Specification of Raw Water.
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 11 OF 68
(2) Equipment List (3) Utility Conditions (4) Process Flow Diagram Attachment #1 specifications of raw water - a pollution level measurement 1.
NORTH KOREA RIVER
2.
SOUTH KOREA LIVER
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
3.
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 12 OF 68
HAN LIVER DOWNSTREAM
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 13 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 4.
NACKDONG RIVER
5.
KEUM RIVER
6.
YEONGSAN LIVER
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
7.
SUMZIN RIVER
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 14 OF 68
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 15 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 8.
MANKYEONG RIVER
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 16 OF 68
EACH PROJECT WATER SPECIFICATION
1.
SPC NO.2 WATER SPECIFICATION (ULSAN)
* : AVERAGE
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 17 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 2.
EA CORPORATION. BACO3 WATER SPECIFICATION (ONSAN)KOR
CHARACTERISTICS
RAW
FILTERED
PROCESS
WATER
WATER
WATER
μs/cm
380
420
-
6.0~7.0
6.5~8.5
TOTAL HARDNESS
CaCO3
70.0
70.0
Ca++
CaCO3
41.2
41.2
Mg++
CaCO3
28.8
28.8
(Na+), (K+)
CaCO3
97.3
105.5
NH4+
CaCO3
3.3
3.3
M-ALKALINITY
CaCO3
45.0
45.0
Cl-
12.4
14.1
NO3-
NO3-
2.6
2.6
(SO4)-
(SO4)-
45.5
45.5
SiO2
SiO2
7.0
7.0
FREE CO2
CO2
7.0
7.0
TURBIDITY
DEGREE
10 MAX
<1
O2
4.2
3.5
CONDUCTIVITY
PH ( 25℃ )
Cl-
COD(Mn)
UNIT/ppm AS
6.5~8.5
5.0
170.5
3.3
45.0
14.1
2.6
45.5
7.0
7.0
<1
3.5
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 18 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
178.9 TOTAL CATION
CaCO3
170.6
178.9 180.0
TOTAL ANION
CaCO3
170.7
180.0 -
COLOR
DEGREE
7.0
-
3. SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS SEMI-CONDUCTOR WATER SPECIFICATION (KIHEUNG) CHARACTERISTICS
UNIT
16 K
64 K
256 K
1M
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 19 OF 68
RESISTIVITY
㏁.cm AT 25℃
-15
15 ~ 16
17 ~ 18
17 ~ 18
PARTICULES
㎛
0.2
0.2 ~ 0.1
0.1
0.1 ~ 0.05
no/㎤
200 ~ 300
50 ~ 150
20 ~ 50
TOC
ppm
1
0.5 ~ 1
0.05 ~ 0.2
0.05
BACTERIA
no/㎤
1
0.5 ~ 1
0.02 ~ 0.2
0.01
SiO2
ppb
20 ~ 30
10
10
DO
ppm
0.1 ~ 0.5
0.1
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 20 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
3.
DAEGU ARSENIC ACID WATER SPECIFICATION (DAEGU)
CHARACTERISTICS
CONDUCTIVITY
PH ( 25℃ )
UNIT/ppm AS
RAW
FILTERED
WATER
WATER
㎲/cm
200
-
6~8
TOTAL HARDNESS
CaCO3
Ca++
CaCO3
55
Mg++
CaCO3
45
(Na+), (K+)
CaCO3
32
M-ALKALINITY
CaCO3
Cl-
50
Cl-
4.8
HCO3-
HCO3
10.7
(SO4)-
SO4-
67.2
SiO2
SiO2
7.0
Fe
Fe
Mn
Mn
TURBIDITY
DEGREE
7
10
0.05
0.05
100 ~ 120
1
50
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 21 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
evaporation residue
TOTAL CATION
CaCO3
TOTAL ANION
CaCO3
5.
EAST AREA S.M WATER SPECIFICATION (YEOCHUN)
CHARACTERISTICS
UNIT/ppm AS
RAW
FILTERED
WATER
WATER
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 22 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
CONDUCTIVITY
PH ( 25℃ )
㎲/cm
-
TOTAL HARDNESS
CaCO3
Ca++
CaCO3
Mg++
CaCO3
(Na+), (K+)
CaCO3
Fe
M-ALKALINITY
Cl-
30 ~ 40
Fe
CaCO3
Cl-
HCO3-
HCO3-
(SO4)-
(SO4)-
SiO2
CaCO3
Mn
Mn
TURBIDITY
7 ~ 7.5
-
ACIDITY
CaCO3
TOTAL CATION
CaCO3
TOTAL ANION
CaCO3
30 ~ 43
1.4 ~ 2.0
6 ~ 11
2 MAX
6~8
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
6.
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 23 OF 68
S.G.C COMBINAT WATER SPECIFICATION (SEOSAN)
CHARACTERISTICS
UNIT/ppm
RAW
FILTERED
COOLING
DEMI
POLISHED
BOILER
AS
WATER
WATER
WATER
WATER
WATER
FEED WATER
CONDUCTIVITY
PH ( 25℃ )
μs/cm
-
Ca++
CaCO3
Mg+
CaCO3
(Na+), (K+)
CaCO3
NH4+
CaCO3
M-ALKALINITY
10 7.7~8.2
7.0~8.2
7.0~8.0
104.5
177
174.9
194
696.1
1118
1.2
119.5
50
128.3
213
36.4
36.7
P-ALKALINITY
Cl-
HCO3-
CO3-
Cl-
HCO3-
CO3-
0.2
0.2
8.5~9.0
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 24 OF 68
130.5 -
(SO4)
(SO4)
162.2
-
1 Fe
Fe
0.02 5.5
SILICA
16.5
SiO2
0.2 1203.3
0.02
0.02
2100
TOTAL DISOLVED SOL. 13
5
20
*ORGANIC MATTER 10 -
(PO4)3
PO4
HYDRAZINE
0.01 MIN 50
TURBIDITY
12
10
DEGREE
HEAVY METALS
** 0.005 975.5
TOTAL CATION
TOTAL ANION
O2
0.007MAX
NOTE * AS KMnO4 CONSUMED ** AS COPPER 7. HANJU WATER SPECIFICATION (ULSAN) CHARACTERISTICS
UNIT/ppm AS
RAW
FILTERED
DEMI
WATER
WATER
WATER
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 25 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
CONDUCTIVITY
㎲/cm
190 ~ 210
190 ~ 210
PH ( 25℃ )
-
6.5 ~ 8.5
6.5 ~ 8.5
(Na+), (K+)
ppm
10 ~ 36.8
10 ~ 36.8
NH4+
ppm
1
1
Mn++
ppm
CATION HARDNESS
ppm
44
44
TOTAL HARDNESS
ppm
68 ~ 70
68 ~ 70
M-ALKALINITY
ppm
40 ~45
40 ~45
Cl-
ppm
17 ~17.6
17 ~17.6
(SO4)-
ppm
22.6 ~ 29.8
22.6 ~ 29.8
NO3-
ppm
6.1 ~ 6.5
6.1 ~ 6.5
NO2-
ppm
Fe
ppm
0.2 ~ 1.0
0.2 ~ 1.0
SiO2
ppm
7.2
7.2
TURBIDITY
ppm
MAX 10.0
<2
TOTAL CATION
ppm
82.8 ~ 98
82.8 ~ 98
104.2 ~ 112
104.2 ~ 112
TOTAL ANION
< 10
0
< 0.1
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 26 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
FMA
ppm
35 ~ 45
35 ~ 45
TDS
ppm
62 ~ 93
62 ~ 93
ABS
ppm
0.1 ~ 0.11
0.1 ~ 0.11
COD
ppm
4.5 ~ 8.3
4.5 ~ 8.3
8. KEUMHO Y.D.R WATER SPECIFICATION (YEOCHUN) CHARACTERISTICS
UNIT/ppm
RAW
GROUND
PROCESS
COOLING
POTABLE
AS
WATER
WATER
WATER
WATER
WATER
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 27 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
CONDUCTIVITY
PH ( 25℃ )
μs/cm
-
Ca++
CaCO3
Mg++
CaCO3
(Na+), (K+)
CaCO3
6.5~8.0
6.6~6.6
50
10~11
20
29~30
60
1500~1800
6.5~8.0
6.5~8.0
50
15-~175
20
60~70
5.8~8.6
60
30
M-ALKALINITY
540 **
30
P-ALKALINITY
Cl-
HCO3-
Cl-
HCO3-
CO3-
CO3-
(SO4)-
(SO4)-
Fe
Fe
SILICA
SiO2
FREE CO2
CO2
TOTAL DISOLVED SOL.
TOTAL CATION
TOTAL ANION
3.7
16.6~15.9
10.1
200
19.8
41.3
9~10
0.3
0.066~0.08
30
6.8~6.0
3
1.1~1.2
130
11.2~13.1
10.1
19.8
260
3.7
49.4
148~173 0.3
0.3
30
90~105
3
268.5
130
780~910
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 28 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
2
10
*ORGANIC MATTER(COD)
2 -
(PO4)
-
0.4~0.48
PO4 30
-
15~20
2
6~7
74
TURBIDITY (S.S) 100 BACTERIA (COLIFORM ORGANISM)
100
MPN/100ml
100
MAX
9. YUGONG P.X SEPERATION WATER SPECIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS
UNIT/ppm AS
CIRCULATING
MAKE-UP
COOLING WATER
COOLING WATER
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 29 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
CONDUCTIVITY
PH ( 25℃ )
㎲/cm
-
TOTAL HARDNESS
CaCO3
Ca++
CaCO3
Mg++
CaCO3
TOTAL-ALKALINITY
CaCO3
7~8
7 ~ 7.5
30 ~ 40
20 ~ 27
10 ~ 13
30 ~ 43
P-ALKALINITY
Cl-
SILICA
TURBIDITY
DISSOLVED SOLIDS
1.4 ~ 1.9
Cl-
6 ~ 11
SiO2
1~2
DEGREE 300
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 30 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
10. MAIN PLANT WATER SPECIFICATION (NAJU) CHARACTERISTICS
PROCESS
COOLING
WATER
WATER
㎲/cm
70 ~ 210
143 ~ 320
HARDNESS
dH
2.3 ~ 3.7
4.1 ~ 7.8
PH ( 25℃ )
-
6.0 ~ 7.1
(Na+), (K+)
meq/l AS Na
0.76
meq/l
0.68 ~ 1.06
0.49 ~ 1.02
ppm
14.2 ~ 52.1
30.7 ~ 101.6
SO4-
meq/l
0.73
NO3-
ppm
3
SIO2
ppm
5 ~ 7.2
CO2
ppm
10
Fe
ppm
0.36 ~ 0.89
0.17 ~ 0.37
NH3
ppm
0 ~4.1
TRACE
CONDUCTIVITY
M-ALKALINITY
Cl-
EZ
UNIT/ppm AS
1.3 ~ 2.2
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 31 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
P2O5
ppm
4.6 ~ 7.1
TOTAL CATION
meq/l
1.65
TOTAL ANION
meq/l
2.0
ppm
9.6 ~ 76.6
TURBIDITY (S.S)
11. KEUMHO SBR WATER SPECIFICATION (YEOCHUN) CHARATERISTICS
UNIT/ppm AS
RAW WATER
7.7 ~ 11.5
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 32 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
CONDUCTIVITY
μS/cm
MAX 120
PH
-
6.5 - 7.5
Ca++
CaCO3
++
CaCO3
Mg
(Na+)+(K+) Cl
-
CaCO3 CaCO3
MAX 10
(SO4)=
CaCO3
MAX 10
-
CaCO3
HCO3 NO3-
CaCO3
M-ALKALINITY
CaCO3
MAX 70
TOTAL CATION
CaCO3
100
TOTAL ANION
CaCO3
100
TOTAL HARDNESS
CaCO3
MAX 10
TURBIDITY
DEGREE
2
COD Mn
CaCO3
5
SiO2
CaCO3
10
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 33 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
Attachment #2 Equipment list for raw water treatment package ITEM NO.
SERVICE
REQ'D NO.
SPECIFICATION
FD-0100A-D
CLARIFIER
4
SLURRY RECIRCULATION
REMARKS
TYPE 520 m3/hr per TRAIN AD-0100
FLOCCULATION CHAMBER
1
BY VENDOR
ONLY INCLINED TYPE CLARIFIER
GD-0100A-C
FLOCCULATOR
3
BY VENDOR
ONLY INCLINED TYPE CLARIFIER
FB-0100
PAC TANK
1
BY VENDOR
FB-0103
NaOCl TANK
1
BY VENDOR
GA-0100A,B
PAC PUMP
1+1
BY VENDOR
GA-0101A,B
NaOCl PUMP
1+1
BY VENDOR
FB-0104
NaOH TANK
1
BY VENDOR
GA-0104A,B
NaOH PUMP
1+1
BY VENDOR
AD-0102
SLUDGE CHAMBER
1
BY VENDOR
FD-0102
SLUDGE WATERING
1
BY VENDOR
EQUIPMENT GA-0102A,B
SLUDGE FEED PUMP
1+1
BY VENDOR
GA-0103A,B
POLYELECTROLYTE PUMP
1+1
BY VENDOR
ITEM NO.
SERVICE
REQ'D NO.
SPECIFICATION
REMARKS
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 34 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
FA-0101
POLYELECTROLYTE
1
BY VENDOR
1
BY VENDOR
7+1
GRAVITY TYPE
DISSOLVING TANK GD-0102
POLYELECTROLYTE TANK MIXER
FD-0103A-H
SAND FILTER
300 m3/hr per TRAIN BACKWASH CYCLE : ONCE A DAY/TRAIN AD-0103
INTERMEDIATE WATER
1
520 m3
1
BY VENDOR
1+1
BY VENDOR
BASIN AD-0104
RECOVERED WATER PIT
GA-0104A,B
INTERMEDIATE WATER PUMP
GA-0105A,B
BACKWASH PUMP
1+1
BY VENDOR
GA-0106A,B
RECOVERED WATER
1+1
BY VENDOR
1+1
BY VENDOR
RECYCLE PUMP GB-0101A,B
BACKWASH BLOWER
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 35 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 36 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 37 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 38 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 39 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 2.9
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 40 OF 68
Raw water treatment package making guide 2.9.1
General description 2.9.1.1 Clarifier unit 1) Raw Water Source: It indicates namely river, sea, pond etc. 2) Raw water pond capacity : Generally it is designed on a basis of 2 day (48 hrs) capacity. If fire fighting water is stored together, the fire fighting water capacity should be added and designed. 3) Coagulants: The natural water has suspended matters charging negative, they exist safely, but if positive charged coagulants is added, they are neutralized electrically, particles collide each other, and precipitation is created easily. 4) Coagulant aid: It is used to promote floc. reaction and to reduce coagulant amount used at the early start up, the rainy season, drought. 5) NaOH: Generally a coagulant injection increased acidity, so NaOH should be added to neutralize. 6) Chlorine: Chlorination is executed, because organic material disturb clarification. 2.9.1.2 Sand filter unit
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 41 OF 68
1) Gravity flow: Gravity flow is applied in gravity type, but if we use press. Type sand, we must set up clarified water pit and pumping. 2) Use of filtered water should be filled up. 2.9.1.3 Sludge Dewatering Unit It could be dealt with independent vendor package. 2.9.2
Design Considerations 2.9.2.1 Design Basis 1)
Capacity - Intermediate water basin: 10 -20 min. holding. Of nor. Pump capacity - Filtered water tank: 1 hr - 1 day above by user. (sgc: 2 hr, ss bp : 18 hr)
2)
Outlet Conditions - De-muddy ability of clarifier
Water muddy degree Treated water muddy degree 20 - 100 ℃ 5 ℃ below 100 ℃ above 10 ℃ below * The muddy degree of water should be 10 ppm ~ 1000 ppm, the change of
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 42 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
muddy degree should be below 100 ppm/hr, the change of water temp. should be 0.5 - 1 ℃ per hour. The rising flow rate could get to 60 mm/min., but suitable range is 32 - 42 mm/min. in the light of density. - Sand filter filtering ability Muddy degree of water 20 - 30 ℃
Muddy degree of water disposed 2 ℃ below - pH : The acidity is increased by each coagulant injected, if amount injected is bulk, caustic soda should be injected to neutralize for adequate cohesion ph condition. (Table 2)
TABLE 1. The coagulant and PH of proper cohesion coagulant
pH range
strength
weakness
Al2 (SO4) 18H2O
5.5 - 8.0
cohesion is speedy and general.
Proper alkali degree is needed.
Fe2 (SO4)3
5.5 - 11
The cohesion pH range is wide and creation of FLOC, cohesion precipitating time is short.
FeSO4 7H2O
Ca(OH)2
8.5 - 11
-
FLOC is heavy and has fast
More alkali is needed and
precipitating time. Although PH is
discoloration is
high, FLOC is not dissolved.
impossible.
It is used to PH control agent and
-
precipitation of FLOC is better than Na2CO3. Na2CO3
-
It is used to PH control agent.
-
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 43 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
FeCl3 6H2O
8.5 - 11
It has same property with Fe2 (SO4)3.Corrosive property is strong.
Al(OH)mCln
wide
It is not affected by pH, and
(PAC)
-
cohesion effect is good.
TABLE 2. Effect of water quality that receive by coagulant and amount of alkali that is needed to neutralize a coagulant 1 ppm. coagulant
The change of water quality when coagulant 1 ppm is amount of alkali that is needed added.
to neutralize a coagulant 1 ppm.
alkali degree SO4
Na2CO3
Na2CO3
Na2CO3(4
(99%)
(93%)
5%)
decrease
increase
CO2 increase CO2 increase
(ppm AS
(ppm AS
from heavy
from carbonate
CaCO3)
CaCO3)
carbonate
(ppm AS
(ppm AS
CaCO3)
CaCO3) Al2 (SO4)3
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.20
0.48
0.36
0.80
FeSO47H2O
0.36
0.36
0.32
0.16
0.16
0.29
0.64
Fe2(SO4)3
0.68
0.67
0.60
0.30
0.30
0.54
1.21
18H2O
2.9.2.3 Specifications for the Units 1)
Clarifier Unit (1) Clarifier type : there are slurry recirculation type, slurry blanket type, inclined plate type in clarifier, slurry recirculation type is mainly used. The cohesion effect of rotating slurry and sully
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 44 OF 68
blanket is similar, inclined blanket is more efficient than others, but early investment cost is expensive. if quality of water is good, DYNA-sand filter can be used because it has double function of clarifier and sand filter. When muddy degree is below 30 ℃ and clarifier setting space is narrow, the coagulant is injected by line. (refer to flow scheme as attached #3). (2) Coagulants: the coagulants that is used in cohesion precipitation are Alh2So4 , feso3, PAC (poly aluminum chloride), feso3(i), aluminum soda, PAC. PAC is not affected with ph and it has good cohesion effect. (fig.1, fig.2). (3) Coagulant aids: it is used to promote floc. Creation and to enhance precipitating property by strengthening mechanical strength and specific gravity. it is divided by organic and inorganic matters. The organic matter is used to cohesion agent because cohesion effect of those is good by minimum injection and those are not affected by ph. (4) NaOCl : The aim of NaOCl is to oxidize NH3, COD, BOD, nitrous acid and to remove taste, smell. So precipitation is created easily. * The effect of chlorine residue to ion exchange resin
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 45 OF 68
: if chlorine disposal is exceed in proper amount, smell of chlorine is excessive, equipment is corroded , so ion exchange resin is oxidized. Fig. 1 Coagulant dosing effects On Water of Low Turbidity
On Water of Low Turbidity FIG. 2 Coagulant Dosing Effects
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 46 OF 68
Dosage of Coagulant (ppm as Alum) 2)
Sand Filter Unit (1) Filter type: ther are gravity type and pressure type, pressure type is used for small space. (Table 4). (2) Backwash: the aim of backwashing is to remove impurities in bed.
TABLE 3. Backwashing Type and Method TYPE
DESCRIPTION
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 47 OF 68
1. WASHING
- BACKWASHING FLOW RATE : 25 - 90 m/hr
WITH WATER
(15 - 25 % EXPANSION OF THE FILTER BED)
- 3 - 10 MIN. REQUIRED FOR COMPLETE WASHING.
* AFTER BACKWASHING, WATER SHOULD BE FILTERED TO WASTE UNTIL THE TURBIDITY DROPS TO AN ACCEPTABLE VALUE. THIS MAY REQUIRE FROM 2 - 20 MIN. DEPENDING ON PRETREAMENT AND TYPE OF FILTER.
2. WASHING WITH AIR
- THIS APPLIES TO FILTER BEDS COMPOSED OF FINE SAND OR
AND WATER IN
LOW DENSITY MATERIALS.
SUCCESSION - AIR IS USUALLY APPLIED FOR 3 OR 4 MIN. BEFORE THE BACK WASHING BEGIN. AIR FLOW RATE : 600 - 960 m/hr
- A BACKWASH OF WATER WITH A SUFFICIENTLY HIGH FLOW RATE TO BRING ABOUT THE EXPANSION OF THE FILTERING MATERIALS ENABLES THE IMPURITIES DETACHED DURING THE FIRST STAGE TO BE REMOVED FROM THE BED AND CARRIED AWAY. 3. SIMULTANEOUS
- USED IN THE SINGLE MEDIUM UNSTRATIFIED FILTER BED.
AIR AND WATER WASHING WITHOUT EXPANSION
- AIR AND WASH WATER ARE APPLIED SIMULTANEOUSLY FOR SEVERAL MINUTES.
- AIR FLOW RATE : 50 m/hr
- WASH WATER RATE : MIN. 5 m/hr
- CONTINUE THE BACKWASH AT A CONSTANT RATE OF FLOW UNTIL THE DISCHARGED WATER RUNS CLEAR.
- FLOW RATE : 12 - 20 m/hr
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
2.9.3
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 48 OF 68
Performance Guaranty 2.9.3.1 Utility and Chemical Consumption (1) Chemical Consumption For Clarification - Alum or Iron Sulfate
Muddy degree
a coagulant a coagulant + (POLY-ELCTROLYTE)management management
50PPM below
50PPM
25PPM
50~200PP
75PPM
50PPM
200PPM above
100PPM
75PPM
- PAC: See the table 5 - Polyelectrolyte’s Polymer 0.1 % solution on a Dry Basis is used and 0.1 ~ 0.5 ppm is injected. - NaOCl: A mount of injection should have 0.1~0.2 ppm concentration in outlet. TABLE 5. CHEMICAL DOSING RATE OF CLARIFIER OPERATION CHEMICAL
CHEMICAL
SPECIFIC
DOSING RATE
INJECTION POINT
CONC.(wt%)
GRAVITY
(max ppm)
NaOH
25
1.27
10
INLET LINE
NaOCl
10
2.49
5
INLET LINE
PAC
1.0
1.19
10
MIXING CHAMBER
FLOC AID
0.1
1.0
2
MIXING CHAMBER
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 49 OF 68
2.9.3.2 Operation Cycle Back Wash Time of Filter: Usually 10 ~ 15 min 3
DIMINERALIZED WATER Dimineralized water system This data sheet defines the minimum technical requirement for the water treatment facility. Vendor shall carefully study and verify those requirements in this sheet and shall execute all necessary design 3.1
General Description Dimineralized water treatment facilities shall treat filtered water fed from raw water treatment facilities to produce demineralized water. This demineralized system shall be composed of two trains, each having a production capacity of 500 m3/day 3.1.1
Raw Unit Raw unit shall be adopted as pretreatment for make-up cooling water to increase concentration number of cooling water system and pre demineralization to reduce the load of following demineralized unit. Filtered water shall be fed to the safety filter through the raw feed water heater and then to the raw unit chemical shall be injected to control ph and to protect RO membrane from scaling, slim formation and hydrolysis RO treated water shall be decarbonated by the decarbonator and then stored in the raw permeated water tank and fed to the demineralizer unit.
3.1.2
Demineralizer Unit
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 50 OF 68
Raw treated water shall be fed to the demineralizer unit which will be 2-bed, 3-tower type consisting oxidation tower, de gasfier, anion tower demineralized water shall be sent to demineralized water tank 3.1.3
Regeneration and Neutralization Unit Sulfuric acid and caustic soda shall be used to regenerate the ion exchanger of demineralized unit regeneration waste water shall be neutralized and shall be discharged to the waste water treatment facilities by pumps together with the raw brine
3.2
Scope Definition The unit shall be include following equipment (1) Raw unit (2) Demineralizer unit (3) Regeneration and neutralization unit
: 2 train : 2 train : 1 ea
Further detail equipment are shown in the equipment list attached as #1 3.3
Design Consideration Design codes and standards (1) Design of the facilities shall be done according to engineering specification for this project (2) If there is no applicable standard or code, suitable additional standard shall be adopted upon owner's approval
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 3.3.1
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 51 OF 68
Design Basis (1)
Design Capacity Raw unit :2 210m3/hr/train Demineralizer :2 220m3/hr/train RO permeate tank :1 1500 m3 Demineralizer water tank :1 1500 m3
(2)
Inlet condition The specification of the raw water and the filtered water refer to attachment table 1 and 2
(3)
Outlet Condition The required specification of RO permeated water and demineralized water are as follows - Raw permeated water Cl : less then 35 mg/l as cl - Demineralized water Conductivity: less then 10 micro s/cm SiO2 : less then 0.2 mg/l
(4)
Chemicals and Utility Conditions Refer to attachment #2
(5)
Effluent Specification - neutralized waste water pH : 5~9
3.3.2
Winterizing
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 52 OF 68
The minimum design temperature (dry bulb temp) shall be -14.3c resin tower Raw unit and chemical injection system shall be installed indoors for outdoor installation of equipments, piping, and instrument material, winterization shall be considered. 3.3.3
Instrumentation and Control System Automatic control system shall be applied where process variables are to kept constant or where frequent manipulation otherwise be required local control panel with plc shall be installed in the local control panel control of facilities shall be done with this local control panel in addition to local control panel, following monitoring function shall be supplied to DCS which will be installed in the central control room
- Operation and regeneration status of the demineralizer - Analyzer such as conductivity meters and silica meter - Tank level indicator - Flow indicators - Alarms 3.3.4
Raw Unit (1) Two train of raw module set shall be provided shall have capacity of 210m3/hr
(2) Raw module shall have the following performance after three years operation - Recovery ratio: more then 85 % - Chloride ion : less then 35mg/l in permeated water (3) RO feed water heater-1 shall be provided to keep the
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 53 OF 68
water temperature from 20c to 30c using the hot cooling water as heating water as heating medium RO feed water heater-ll shall be provided for back of raw feed water heater-l by using low pressure steam a temperature control valve shall be provided on each bypass of the RO feed water heater (4) Multiple safety filter shall be provided to allow continuous operation at full system design capacity with one unit out of service which shall be 10 micron meter polyethylene cartridge type filter replacement cycle of cartridge shall be more then 2 weeks (5) Necessity of polishing filter shall be considered to meet the fouling index (FI) or silt density index (SDI) requirement of membrane supplier (6) Chemical cleaning system for RO membrane shall be provided (7) RO brine shall be discharged to the waste water treatment facilities together with neutralized regeneration waste water from demineralized unit (8) Automatic start/stop sequence shall be provided for RO unit (9) Chemical tank shall have 7 day operation (10) RO unit except the RO permeated tank shall be installed indoors (11) De carbonate shall be provided for stripping CO2 gas in RO permeated water a pH meter shall be provided
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 54 OF 68
for de carbonate water 3.3.5
Demineralizer Unit (1) Two train of demineralizer unit shall be provided and each train shall have a full capacity of normal required quantity when one train will be in generation another train will be started in operation if pollutable condensate will be divert to train, two train shall be operated (2) The demineralizer shall be regenerated using counter regeneration system to save chemical consumption (3) Demineralizer except for the demineralized water tank shall be installed indoors (4) Regeneration shall be conducted automatically once a day per train (5) Automatic sequence control system by PLC shall be applied for the demineralizer (6) In order to detect the endpoint of service run following indicate recorder with alarm and conductivity recorder with alarm shall be installed on the outlet line of the demineralizer (7) Conductivity recorder shall be installed on the inlet line of the demineralizer (8) Demineralized water to demineralized water tank shall be controlled by a flow control valve and level indicating alarm shall be installed in the demineralized
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 55 OF 68
water tank (9) Resin trap shall be provided on the outlet of the demineralizer to prevent resin from entering into downstream equipment (10) An integrating/indicating flow meter shall be installed on the outlet of the demineralizer to downstream (11) Vendor shall verify the necessity of the degasfier considering co2 removal in the RO permeate water by the decarbonator of RO unit (12) When the pressure of the demineralized water pump becomes low, the stand-by pump shall start automatically 3.3.6
Regeneration and Neutralization Unit (1) The volume of the neutralization pit shall be such that the amount of water from one regeneration of the demineralizer (2) Interlocking system shall be applied in order to prevent simultaneous regeneration (3) PH value of the waste water shall be adjusted from 5 to 9
3.4
(4) 10 % caustic soda will be fed by piping from outside but an unloading connection for tank lorry shall also be provided for caustic soda tank Performance Guarantee Vendor shall guarantee the following performance articles
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 56 OF 68
marked "*" shall be specified by vendor 3.4.1
Product Capacity and Quality (1)
RO Capacity : 210 m3/hr/train Quality : cl less then 35 mg/l as cl
(2)
Demineralizer
Capacity : 220 m3/train Excluding regeneration loss for demineralizer and mixed bed polisher Quality : conductivity less then 10 micro s/cm less then 0.2 mg/l 3.4.2
3.4.3
Utility and Chemical Consumption (1)
Chemicals NaCl *kg/day H2SO4 *kg/day NaOH *kg/day NaHSO3 *kg/day Shmp (sodium hexametaphospate) *kg/day NaCl (if required) *kg/day
(2)
Power
*kw/day
Effluent (1)
Neutralized Regeneration Waste Water demineralizer Quantity Max *m3/cycle
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 57 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 pH SS (2) RO brine
5-9 Max *mg/l
Quantity pH 3.4.4
Max *m3/hr *
Operation Cycle (1)
Demineralizer
Operation cycle Max 24 hour/cycle Regeneration time Max * hour/cycle (2)
Polisher
Operation cycle Max 336hour/cycle Regeneration time Max * hour/cycle 3.4.5
Attrition Loss for Resins (1)
Demineralizer
Cation resin *% resin Anion resin *% resin 3.4.6 3.5
Life of RO Membrane
* years
Battery Limit Condition Pressure and temperature at the battery limit of the facility are summarized as below
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 58 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
INCOMING
PRESSURE
TEMPERATURE
Kg/cm2 G
℃
MEDIUM PRESSURE STEAM
17.0
280
LOW PRESSURE STEAM
3.5
195
INSTRUMENT AIR
7.0
AMBIENT
PLANT AIR
7.0
AMBIENT
PLANT WATER
5.0
AMBIENT
COOLING WATER(SUPPLY)
4.0
32
COOLING WATER(HOT)
2.0
42
14.6
43
( TO RO FEED WATER HEATER) 10 % CAUSTIC SODA
Note 1) Temperature of processing condensate and steam condensate shall be finalized at the detailed engineering stage OUTGOING PORABLE WATER
3.0
AMBIENT
ATM
AMBIENT
DEMINERALIZED WATER
6.0
AMBIENT
COOLING WATER RETURN
2.0
42
COOLING WATER
1.0
32
LOW PRESSURE STEAM
3.5
195
WASTE WATER
3.0
AMBIENT
MAKE-UP COOLING WATER
(FROM RO FEED WATER HEATER)
(NEUTRALIZED REGENERATION WASTE RO BRINE)
Note 2) Temperature of polished water shall be finalized at the detail engineering stage
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 3.6
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 59 OF 68
Attachment Process flow diagram (d-u2b-1) and equipment list are attached here with for reference
TABLE 1 SPECIFICATION OF RAW WATER CALCIUM
mg/l AS CaCO3
104.5
MAGNESIUM
mg/l AS CaCO3
174.9
SODIUM
mg/l AS CaCO3
654.8
POTASSIUM
mg/l AS CaCO3
41.3
AMMONIUM
mg/l AS CaCO3
1.2
M-ALKALINITY
mg/l AS CaCO3
119.5
CHLORIDE
mg/l AS CaCO3
723.1
SULPHATE
mg/l AS CaCO3
135.9
NITRATE
mg/l AS CaCO3
2.4
TOTAL IRON
mg/l AS Fe
1.0
SILICA
mg/l AS SiO2
5.5
COD Mn
mg/l
13
TURBIDITY
DEGREE
1203.3
TDS
mg/l
7.7 - 8.2
pH
TABLE 2 SPECIFICATION OF FILTERED WATER SS
mg/l
2 MAX
COD Mn
mg/l
10 MAX
TABLE 3 SPECIFICATION OF STEAM CONDENSATE QUANTITY NORMAL
124.5 T/H
2 max
MAXIMUN
168.5 T/H
10 max
TEMPERATURE
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 60 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
NORMAL
90℃
MAXIMUN
100℃
QUALITY PH VALUE
8-9
CONDUCTIVITY
micro S/cm
20 max
SILICA
mg/l as SiO2
0.5 max
IRON
mg/ l as Fe
0.05 max
COPPER
mg/ l as Cu
0.005 max
SUSPENDED SOLID
mg/ l as
1 max
TURBIDITY
NTU
1 max
OIL AND GREASE COD Mn
nil mg/ l
1 max
Note 3) Quantity and temperature shall be finalized at the detailed engineering stage TABLE 4 SPECIFICATION OF VACCUM STEAM CONDENSATE QUANTITY NORMAL - WINTER
86.5 T/H
- SUMMER
108.7 T/H
MAXIMUN
150 T/H
TEMPERATURE QUALITY
NOTE 4)
49℃ SAME AS ABOVE
NOTE 4) QUANTITY SHALL BE FINALIZED AT THE DETAIL ENGINEERING STAGE
TABLE 5 SPECIFICATION OF SM PLANT CONDENSATE QUALITY NORMAL
49 T/H
MAXIMUN
74 T/H
TEMPERATURE
40 - 90 ℃
Fe
mg/l
0.02 MAX
CONDUCTIVITY
micro S/cm
10 MAX
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 61 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
QUALITY PH HARDNESS
8.3 - 8.6 mg/l AS CaCO3
0.1 MAX
OIL
NIL
ATTACHMENT #1 EQUIPMENT LIST FOR DEMINERALIZED WATER TREATMENT PACKAGE WATER TREATMENT FACILITY (PACKAGE DEALING UNIT) ITEM NO SERVICE
REQ'D NO SPECIFICATION
REMARK
RO UNIT CP-2201 RO UNIT
5
5000m3/day PER TRAIN
DA-2201 DECARBONATOR
1
BY VENDOR
EA-2201 RO FEED WATER HEATER l
5
BY VENDOR
EA-2202 RO FEED WATER HEATER ll
5
BY VENDOR
FB-2201 RO PERMEATED WATER TANK 1
BY VENDOR
FD-2201 SAFETY FILTER
5+1
BY VENDOR
GA-2201 RO TRANSFER PUMP
5+1
BY VENDOR
GA-2202 RO HIGH PRESSURE PUMP
5+1
BY VENDOR
GA-2203 DECARBONATE WATER PUMP 1+1
BY VENDOR
GA-2204 CHEMICAL CLEANING PUMP
1
BY VENDOR
GA-2205 H2SO4 PUMP
5+1
BY VENDOR
GA-2206 NaHSO3 PUMP
5+1
BY VENDOR
GA-2207 SHMP PUMP
5+1
BY VENDOR
GB-2201 DECARBONATION BLOWER
1+1
BY VENDOR
FA-2201 DECARBONATED WATER TANK 1
BY VENDOR
FA-2202 NaHSO3 TANK
1
BY VENDOR
FA-2203 SHMO TANK
1
BY VENDOR
FA-2204 CHEMICAL CLEANING TANK
1
BY VENDOR
CS+EPOXY LINING
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 62 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
GD-2201 CHEMICAL CLEANING TANK
1
BY VENDOR
1
BY VENDOR
MIXER GD-2202 SHMP TANK MIXER
WATER TREATMENT FACILITY (PACKAGE DEALING UNIT) ITEM NO SERVICE
REQ'D NO SPECIFICATION
REMARK
DEMINERALIZER UNIT DA-2301 CATION TOWER
1+1
BY VENDOR
DA-2302 DEGASFIER
1+1
BY VENDOR
DA-2303 ANION TOWER
1+1
BY VENDOR
FB-2301 DEMINERALIZED WATER TANK 1
BY VENDOR
FA-2301 DEGASFIER WATER TANK
1+1
BY VENDOR
GA-2301 CATION TOWER FEED PUMP
1+2
BY VENDOR
GA-2302 DEGASFIER WATER PUMP
1+2
BY VENDOR
GA-2303 DEMINERALIZED WATER PUMP 1+1
BY VENDOR
GB-2301 DEGASSING BLOWER
BY VENDOR
1+1
REGENERATION AND NEUTRALIZATION UNIT FB-2304 H2SO4 STORAGE TANK
1
BY VENDOR
FB-2305 NaOH STORAGE PUMP
1
BY VENDOR
FA-2302 H2SO4 MEASURING TANK
1
BY VENDOR
FA-2303 NaOH MEASURING TANK
1
BY VENDOR
FA-2304 RESIN MIXING AIR TANK
1
BY VENDOR
AD-2301 NEUTRALIZATION PIT
1
BY VENDOR
GB-2302 MIXING BLWER
1+1
BY VENDOR
FA-2204 CHEMICAL CLEANING TANK
1
BY VENDOR
GA-2307 WASTE WATER PUMP
1+1
BY VENDOR
GD-2202 REGENERATION PUMP
1+1
BY VENDOR
CS+EPOXY LINING
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 3.7
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 63 OF 68
Demineralized Water System Making Guide 3.7.1
General Description 3.7.1.1 R/O Unit It is composed of high pressure pump, module, a measuring instrument. main activity is to remove Nacl ,colloidal matter, organism, other organic matter in water. 90% of nacl is removed, life of ion exchanger resin is increased 10 times and regeneration of ion exchanger resin is reduced. so time and cost is reduced and discharging equipment disposal cost is reduced one-tenth. 3.7.1.2 Demineralizer Unit (2 B 3 T) This unit is used when many hco3- ion exist in water. this unit consume lower anion exchanger resin and NaOH than 2 bed 3 tower, because co2 is removed in de gasifier. 3.7.1.3 Regeneration and Neutralization Unit It is the process that activates ion exchange resin by injecting regeneration agent. Sulfuric acid and caustic soda is diluted to fixed concentration (2~5%) by ejector or pump, they are injected at ion exchanger resin tower tail.
3.7.2
Design Considerations 3.7.2.1 R/O Unit
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 64 OF 68
SiO2 max. Content is 30 ppm, fe is 0.3 ppm, min is 0.1 ppm, cl2 is 1ppm in water. Membrane has ph permission range. If ph in water exceed permission range, ph should be controlled by chemical injection. If residue chlorine in r/o discharge water is in flowed to ion exchanger, purity of pure water is decreased. So, reductant (na2so3) should be injected. (1) Though same materials would be used, its capacity or effect is different by design method. There are large tube, plate & flame, spiral wound, hollow fine fiber type in module design. Packing density and water output per unit volume of hollow fine fiber are excellent but not applicable in Korea water condition, so spiral wound is mainly used in Korea. (2) Generally if temp. rise 1℃, pass rate by osmosis is increased 2%. Although high temp. Solution is very economical, but membrane has application range. If temp is different with application temp. (25℃) of membrane, it should be controlled by cooling tower or heater. (3) Generally, if numerical value should be controlled below 4. (4) If r/o equipment is operated for long time, scale and bacteria is created on the surface of membrane, so flow rate and reject rate is decreased. So, inorganic contamination should be cleaned by Na3PO4, NaOH, citric acid, organic contamination should be cleaned by triton x-100,
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 65 OF 68
2na-edta, HCHO. (5) Vacuum degas method is used to remove oxygen in water. Material of tower is stainless, vacuum degree is 70cmhg - 76cmhg. 3.7.2.2 Demineralizer Unit (1)
Counter-current Regeneration method: -It consume lower regeneration agent than co-current and amount of waste water regenerated is low.
(2)
De gasifier Set Up - When HCO3- is high concentration in water (i) m-alkalinity + co≥ 20 ppm as caco3 ≥ 100 ppm as caco3 (by flour) (ii) HCO3- concentration ≥ 30% of total anion (flour) De gasifier should be set up. - The amount used of anion exchange resin is low and so,Naoh consumption is reduced. - 90∼95 % of CO2 is deleted. - In boiler water over 60 kg/cm2g boiler, vacuum decarbonator is used. - De gasfier can be used commonly in multi-train.
3.7.2.3 Regeneration and Neutralization Unit
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 66 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
(1)
Regeneration Water - Cation exchange resin: natural water use - Anion exchange resin: de-cationized water or pure water use.
(2)
Regeneration Chemicals - H2SO4 is best economical in cation exchange resin. H2SO4 : 1∼5% solution HCl : 10% solution Na2SO4 : 5% solution - Anion exchanger resin caustic soda : 4% solution
3.7.2.4 Chemical Consumption (1)
Chemical Consumption - Chemical concentration : 3.7 article - Countercurrent, parallel regeneration method
regeneration method
counter-current
co-current
regeneration
cation resin
40∼60
100
Level
anion resin
40∼60
100
about 2 hours
about 4 hours
regeneration time passing rate time
cation resin
(m/hr)
LV =20 LVmax =40
anion resin
LV =10 LVmax =40
LV =20 LVmax =50 LV =10 LVmax =50
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 67 OF 68
4 POTABLE WATER PACKAGE 4.1
General Description Clarified and filtered water from the raw water treatment facilities (filtered water) is stored in the filtered water tank. Pump is installed for transferring feed water to the potable water unit. NaOCl solution is injected by metering pumps for chlorination and the concentration is controlled to maintain more than 0.2 ppm as free residual chlorine. Before chlorination, activated carbon filter is to be installed to remove mainly color and BOD.
4.2
Scope Definition This specification should be regarded as typical. The potable water package will consist of the following major equipments. 4.2.1
Equipments (1) NaOCl storage tank : 1 ea (2) NaOCl injection pump : 2 ea (3) Line mixer : 1 ea (4) Activated carbon filter : 1 ea (5) Micro filter : 1 ea (6) Vent scrubber : 1 ea
4.2.2
Instrument, Electrical and Piping (1) All interconnecting piping, valves, instrumentation & control, electrical & instrument wiring within the package to be installed.
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 68 OF 68
(2) Local control panel & MCC panel. 4.3
Design Considerations 4.3.1
Design Conditions 1) Capacity - flow rate , max : 6.3 m3/hr , nor : 2.1 m3/hr 2) Feed water condition Source : filtered water Temperature : 5-20℃ Pressure - Inlet : 5.0 kg/cm2-g - Outlet : 3.5 kg/cm2-g min Water quality : Refer to attached sheet #1 3) Chemical Injection Chemical : NaOCl solution (10% as Cl2) NaOCl : 0.5 - 1.0 mg/1 (Cycle water) Injection method : by metering pump Injection mode : continuous
4.3.2
Equipment specifications 1) Carbon Filter Quantity : 1 ea COD removal - inlet : 2-5 ppm - outlet : less than 1 ppm Carbon- volume : 0.08 kg-cod/kg-carbon···(ref. figure) - lifetime : * Service flow : 10 -25 m3/m2·hr ·······(ref. figure) Backwash - flow rate : lv =20 m/hr ···(ref. figure) - Bed expansion: 50% ·······(ref. figure) - time : 30 min······(ref. figure)
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 69 OF 68
Const. mat'l
: carbon steel (c.a. = 3mm)
2) NaOCl storage tank Quantity Holding time Volume Chemical Const. mat'l
: 1 ea : 14 days for normal consumption : * m3 : NaOCl solution (10 % as cl2) : C.S + PVC or PE lining
3) NaOCl injection pump Type Quantity Capacity Material
: diaphragm : 2 ea :* - Diaphragm - Head - Cylinder
: teflon : pvc : sus 304
Capacity control - Manual stroke adjustment - Range : 0 - 100% 4) Micro-filter Type Quantity Element fineness Material
: cartridge : 2 ea (1 stand-by) : 10 μm - Casing : sus 304 - Element : sus 304
5) Line mixer (1) Type (2) Quantity (3) Material
: static inline mixer : 1 ea - Casing: sus 304
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 70 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
- Internal: sus 304 6) Vent scrubber (1) Type : water spray/packing (2) Gas to be treated : cl2 gas evolved above 30℃ (3) Evolved gas - flow rate :* - concentr'n : * (4) Treated gas - concentr'n : * (4) Material - tower : pvc - Packing : pvc - Internal : pvc (5) Dimension - tower dia :* - Tower height : * - Bed height : * 4.3.3
Instrumentation, Piping, and Electrical (1) All interconnecting piping, valves, instrumentation and control, electrical and instrument wiring within the package to be included in contractor's scope. (2) Local control panel and MCC panel to be included.
4.4
Flow Scheme Refer to attached schematic flow diagram
4.5
Remarks (1) Vendor to state marked as * (2) Piping material: CS + PE or PVC lining with bronze valves (3) Cl2 evolution from the NaOCl storage tank shall be reduced enough to meet environmental regulations.
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 71 OF 68
(4) Vendor shall submit calculation basis for vent scrubber design if purchaser request to get governmental approval. (5) Residual cl2 analyzer with low alarm and recorder to be supplied. (6) Vendor shall submit deviation list for those items that do not follow the specifications described here. 4.6
Attachment #1. Raw water specification #2. Raw water specification (well water) #3. Flow scheme
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 72 OF 68
Attached #1. raw water specification ==================================== pH( 25℃ ) Conductivity Total hardness Ca++ Mg++ (Na+) + (K+) NH4+ m-alkalinity ClNO3SO4SiO2 Free CO2 Turbidity COD(mn) Total cation Total anion Color
μs/cm ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 ppm as sio2 ppm as co2 degree ppm as caco3 ppm as caco3 degree
6.5-8.5 420 70.0 41.2 28.8 105.5 3.3 45.0 79.3 8.3 47.4 7.0 7.0 less than 2 3.5 178.9 180.0 -
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 73 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
Attached #2. raw water specification (well water) ================================================= pH ( 25℃ ) Conductivity μs/cm 2+,3+ Fe mg/ℓ T-Fe mg/ℓ NH3 mg/ℓ T-Na mg/ℓ + Na mg/ℓ K+ mg/ℓ 3+,6+ Cr mg/ℓ Total alkalinity mgcaco3/ℓ SO32mg/ℓ Clmg/ℓ 4+ Si mg/ℓ BOD mg/ℓ TDS mg/ℓ Turbidity degree
7.3 230 <0.01 <0.01 0.1 2.2 2.2 0.15 <0.02 120 3.2 2.2 20 0.6 144 ∼ 30
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 74 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
ATTACHED #3. FLOW SCHEME FIL T E R ED W A T ER
A C T IV A T ED CA RB ON FIL T E R
V E NT SCR UB BE R
LS
S
HY POC HLOR INA TOR POT A B LE W A T ER T A NK M HY POCHLOR INE C
PUMP
ST A T IC MIX E R
MICR O FIL T E R M S POT A B LE W A T ER PUMP
DATE : 2006. 8. 23 4.7
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 75 OF 68
Potable Water Making Guide 4.7.1
General Description 1) Raw water source: filtered water / underground wellwater 2) Activated carbon filter: I is main aim to remove chromaticity and organic matter. According to degree, ii is not used. (The quality of water standard table: attachment #1)
4.7.2
Scope Definition 4.7.2.1 Instrument, Electrical & Piping NaOCl line usually use PVC, C.S + PP, PE lining but after mixing, it use sus or C.S.
4.7.3
Design Considerations 4.7.3.1 Design Conditions 1) Chemical Injection: 10% NaOCl (as Cl) is normally available and used without dilution. 4.7.3.2 Equipment Specifications 1) Carbon Filter : carbon characteristics should be carefully checked to meet performance. 2) NaOCl : Although frp, PE tank could be used, if nozzle connection is weak, it is not used. 3) NaOCl Injection Pump : on a base of injection
DESIGN MANUAL
SEM – 9522E
Preparation of Datasheet
REV. : 0
for Water Treatment
PAGE 76 OF 68
DATE : 2006. 8. 23
amount (1 - 2 ppm), it must be choose to (0 - 100 %) Ex) Flow rate : 2 m/hr w = 2 × 1 = 2 g/hr ∼ 2ℓ/hr Pump capacity = 4ℓ/hr Pump material : if we consider durability of liquid contacting part, we can use alloy steel. 4) Micro Filter material : cs is used to casting, sus304, polyester is used to element. 5) Vent Scrubber It is used to catch CI gas by water-spray. CI gas is created with thermal disjointing NaOCl is used to pasteurization agent in more 30℃. Bed-height : usually 300∼500 mm Dia : φ 200∼400 5
REVISION HISTORY Rev
Date
Page
0
06.08.23
All
Revision Status
- Team : Process Eng'g Team - Made by : G.O. Jung - Checked by : J.C. Ro, E.D. Lee, Henry Sung, B.S. Son - Approved by : C.S. Jung
ATTACHMENT #1. Each country water quality standard table country name
Korea
W.H.O
America
Japan
N(NH3)
0.5 below
0.5 below
-
-
N(nitrous acid.)
-
-
10 below (total sum)
10 below (total sum)
n(nitric acid)
10 below
40(80) below
CL
150 below
200(400) below
20 below
200 below
10 below
10 below
-
10 below
a bacterium
100 below in 1cc
-
100 below in 1cc
100 below in 1cc
a colon bacillus
detecting failure in
detecting failure in
50cc
50cc
CN
detecting failure
0.01 below
0.01(0.2) below
detecting failure
Hg-
detecting failure
-
0.05 below
detecting failure
organic phosphor
detecting failure
-
-
detecting failure
Cu
1.0 below
1.0 below
1.0 below
1.0 below
Fe
0.3 below
0.3(1.0) below
0.3 below
0.3 below
F
1.0 below
1.0(1.5) below
0.8-1.7(1.4-2.4)
0.8 below
Pb
0.1 below
0.1 below
(0.05)below
0.1 below
Zn
1.0 below
5.0(15.0) below
5.0 below
1.0 below
Cr
0.05 below
0.05 below
(0.05 below)
0.05 below
As
0.05 below
0.2 below
0.01(0.05 below)
0.05 below
Mn
0.3 below
0.1(0.5) below
0.05 below
0.3 below
phenol
0.005 below
0.001(0.002) below
0.001 below
0.005 below
Ca
-
75(200) below
-
-
Mg
-
50(150) below
-
-
total solidity
300 below
100-500 below
-
as CaCO3 300 below
pH
5.8-8.5
7.0-8.5(6.5-9.2)
7.0-10.6
5.8-8.6
smell
detecting failure
-
Inoffensive
detecting failure
taste
detecting failure
-
detecting failure
detecting failure
chromaticity
5 degree below
-
15도 below
5 degree below
muddy degree
2 degree below
5 JTU
5 JTU
2 degree below
(KMnO4 consumption)
10% below
detecting failure in 50cc
evaporation residue
500 below
-
500(1000) below
500 below
SO4-
200 below
200(400) below
250 below
-
Se
-
0.05 below
(0.01below)
-
Ba
-
-
(1.0 below)
-
Cd
0.01 below
0.01 below
(0.01)below
(0.01below)
cleaning agent
0.5 below
advice0.5 below
0.5 below
0.5 below
α 10-9μc/㎖
Reμμc/e225.3
3000
beta 10-8μc/㎖
year 5.90 10'
(anion interface agent)
permition limit1.0 below
radioactivity
-
total resident chlorine
0.2 above
carbon chloroform
union resident chlorine extraction amount 0.2 1.5 above hospital life pollution 1.8 above
permition limit 0.5
100'
0.05-0.1 above
0.1 above
0.05 carbon
union resident chlorine
chloroform extraction
1.5
amount 0.2
hospital life pollution 1.8 above
