Tanguling v. CA

Tanguling v. CA (1997) JACINTO TANGU TANGUILIG ILIG,, DOING DOING BUSINESS BUSINESS UNDER THE NAE NAE AND AND ST!LE ST!LE Petitioners: JACINTO J..T. ENGINEERING AND GENERAL ERCHANDISING Respondents: COURT Respondents:  COURT O" A##EALS AND $ICENTE HERCE JR., Ponente: BELLOSILLO Topic: R%&%'i% *+ B+%aSUMMARY: (1/ %n0%n% u&&a+ * a0, iu%, +a0i* an' +uling) FACTS: 

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In A2+il A2+il 1937, 1937, Tangui nguilig lig * JT Engin Engin%% %%+in +ing g an' an' G%n%+a G%n%+all %+%+-an an'i 'iin ing g 2+*2* 2+*2*%' %' 0* *n0+ *n0+u0 u0 a 4in' 4in'&ill &ill 0% 0%& & *+ *+ H%+% H%+%,, J+. J+. T-% T-% ag+%% ag+%%' ' *n 0-% *n0 *n0+u +u0i* 0i*n n * 0-% 0-% 4in'&ill *+ #56,666.66 4i0- a *n%%a+ gua+an0 +*& 0-% 'a0% * *&2l%0i*n an' a%20an%  H%+% * 0-% 2+*8%0. H%+% H%+% 2ai' 2ai' #H# 6: a a '*4n '*4n 2a&%n0 2a&%n0 an' an' #H# #H# 1;: 1;: a in0all in0all&%n &%n0, 0, l%aving l%aving a alan% alan% *  *  #H# 1;:. In a+a+- 1933, 1933, Ta Tanguilig nguilig il%' il%' a *&2la *&2lain0 in0 0* *ll% *ll%00 #H# 1;: 1;: 'u% 0* 0* H%+%< H%+%< +%ua +%uall an' ailu+% 0* 2a 0-% alan%. H%+% *n0%n' 0-a0 0-% #H# 1;: 4a al+%a' 2ai' 0* San #%'+* G%n%+al %+-an'iing In. (S#GI) 4-i- *n0+u0%' a '%%2 4%ll 0* 4-i- 0-% 4in'&ill 0%& 4a 0* % *nn%0%'. H% lai&%' 0-a0 in% 0-% '%%2 4%ll *+&%' 2a+0 * 0-% 0%&, Tanguilig -*ul' +%'i0 0-% a&*un0 0* H%+%< a*un0. *+%*v%+, au&ing 0-a0 H%+% *4%' *4%' Tanguilig, nguilig, this should be offset by defects in the windmill system which caused the structure to collapse after it was hit by stron wind . Tangu Tanguilig ilig +%2li% +%2li%' ' 0-a0 0-a0 0-% '%%2 '%%2 4%ll 4%ll 4a n*0 n*0 inlu'%' inlu'%' in 0-% 0-% ag+%%& ag+%%&%n0, %n0, *+ *+ 0-% #56: #56: 4a 4a *l%l *+ 0-% 4in'&ill a%&l an' i0 in0alla0i*n. in0alla0i*n. H% 'i*4n%' an *liga0i*n *liga0i*n 0* +%2ai+  *+ +%*n0+u0 0-% 0%&, lai&ing 0-a0 0-% 4in'&ill 0%& 4a '%liv%+%' in g**' an' 4*+:i 4*+:ing ng *n'i *n'i0i* 0i*n, n, an' an' 0-a0 0-a0 H%+% H%+% a%2 a%20%' 0%' i0 4i0-*u 4i0-*u00 2+*0% 2+*0%0. 0. B%i' B%i'%, %, in% in% 0-% *lla2% 4a a00+iu0al% 0* a 02-**n, a *+% &a8%u+%, -% %li%v%' -% i +%li%v%' +*& liaili0. T-% 0+ial 0+ial *u+0 *u+0 +ul%' +ul%' 0-a0 0-a0 0-% 0-% '%%2 '%%2 4%ll 4a 4a n*0 2a+0 2a+0 * 0-% 4in'& 4in'&ill ill 2+*8%0 2+*8%0 a a %vi'%n% %vi'%n%' '  0-% 2+*2*al l%00%+ * Tanguilig 0* H%+%. I0 ai' 0-a0 i u- 4a 0-% in0%n0i*n * 0-% 2a+0i%, i0 -*ul' -av% %%n inlu'%'. =i0- +%2%0 0* 0-% +%2ai+ * 0-% 4in'&ill, 0-%+% 4a n* l%a+ an' *nvining 2+** 0-a0 i0 %ll '*4n 'u% 0* '%%0 * *n0+u0i*n. T-% CA +%v%+%' +%v%+%' 0-% 0-% 0+ial 0+ial *u+0< *u+0< +uling +uling,, aing aing 0-a0 0-a0 0-% *n0 *n0+u0 +u0i*n i*n * * 0-% '%%2 '%%2 4%ll 4%ll 4a 2a+0 * 0-% 4in'&ill 0%&. C+%'%n% 4a giv%n 0* 0-% 0%0i&*n * Guill%+&* #ili *  S#GI 0-a0 Tanguilig 0*l' -i& 0-a0 0-% '%%2 4%ll *n0+u0i*n *0 4*ul' % '%'u0%' +*& 0-% *n0+a0 2+i% * #56:. I0 al* +%8%0%' Tanguilig< Tanguilig< lai& * *+% &a8%u+%. T-u, i0 *+'%+%' Tanguilig 0* +%*n0+u0 0-% 4in'&ill in a*+'an% 4i0- 0-% 0i2ula0%' *n% %a+ gua+an0.

!SSU"S:

=ON Tanguilig i un'%+ *liga0i*n 0* +%*n0+u0 0-% *lla2%' 4in'&ill o !ES. In *+'%+ *+ a 2a+0 0* lai& %>%&20i*n +*& liaili0  +%a*n * *+0ui0*u %v%n %v%n0, 0, 0-% 0-% %v%n %v%n00 -*u -*ul' l' % 0-% 0-% *l% *l% an' an' 2+*> 2+*>i& i&a0 a0% % au au% % * 0-% 0-% l* l* *+  '%0+u0i*n * 0-% *8%0 * 0-% *n0+a0. o  A*+'ing 0* Nakpil vs. CA, *u+ +%?uii0% &u0 *nu+@ 1) 0-% au% * 0-% +%a- &u0 % in'%2%n'%n0 * 0-% 4ill * 0-% '%0*+ /) 0-% %v%n0 &u0 % un*+%%%al% *+ unav*i'al% ) 0-% %v%n0 &u0 u- a 0* +%n'%+ i0 i&2*il% *+ 0-% '%0*+ 0* ulill -i *liga0i*n in a n*+&al &ann%+ an' ) 0-% '%0*+ &u0 % +%% +*& an 2a+0ii2a0i*n in *+ agg+ava0i*n * 0-% in8u+ 0* 0-% +%'i0*+. o Tanguilig ail%' 0* -*4 0-a0 0-% *lla2% * 0-% 4in'&ill 4a 'u% *l%l 0* a *+0u *+0ui0* i0*u u %v%n %v%n0. 0. T-% T-% %vi'% %vi'%n% n% '*% '*% n*0 n*0 'il* 'il*% % 0-a0 0-a0 0-%+% 0-%+% 4a 4a a0ua a0uall ll a 02-**n *n 0-% 'a 0-% 4in'&ill *lla2%'. Tanguilig &%+%l 0a0%' 0-a0 0-%+% 4a a 0+ 0+*n *ng g 4in' 4in'. . Bu0 Bu0 a 0+* 0+*ng ng 4in' 4in' in 0-i 0-i a% a% ann ann*0 *0 % *+0 *+0u ui0*u i0*u   un*+%%%al% n*+ unav*i'al%. On 0-% *n0+a+, a 0+*ng 4in' -*ul' % 2+%%n0 in 2la% 4-%+% 4in'&ill a+% *n0+u0%' *0-%+4i% 0-% 4in'&ill 4ill n*0 0u+n. o Tanguilig< a+gu&%n0 0-a0 H%+% 4a al+%a' in '%aul0 an' -%n% -*ul' %a+  -i *4n l* i un0%nal%. =-%n 0-% 4in'&ill ail%' 0* un0i*n 2+*2%+l i0 %a&% inu&%n0 u2*n Tanguilig 0* in0i0u0% 0-% 2+*2%+ +%2ai+ in a*+'an% 4i0- 0-% gua+an0 0a0%' in 0-% *n0+a0. T-u, H%+% ann*0 % ai' 0* -av% inu++%' '%la. In0%a', i0 i Tanguilig 4-* -*ul' %a+ 0-% %>2%n% *+ 0-% +%*n0+u0i*n * 0-% 4in'&ill.  A1157  A1157 * 0-% Civil C*'% i %>2lii0 0-a0 i a 2%+*n *lig%' 0* '* *&%0-ing ail 0* '* i0, 0-% a&% -all % %>%u0%' a0 -i *0. #$T"S: •

=*N 0-% ag+%%&%n0 0* *n0+u0 0-% 4in'&ill inlu'%' 0-% in0alla0i*n * a '%%2 4%ll o NO. Al0-*u l0-*ugg- 0-% 4*+' 4*+' '%%2 '%%2 4%llF 4%llF an' an' '%% '%%2 2 4%ll 4%ll 2u&2F 2u&2F a22%a a22%a++ in 0-% 2+*2*al, 0-% a+% 2+%%'%'  0-% 2+%2*i0i*n *+F an' ui0al% *+F 4-i4%+% 4%+% &%an0 &%an0 *nl *nl 0* *nv% *nv%  0-% i'%a 0-a0 0-a0 0-% 0-% 2+*2* 2+*2*%' %' 4in'&ill 4in'&ill 4*ul' 4*ul' % a22+*2+ia0% *+ a '%%2 4%ll 2u&2 * a 2%ii i%. I 0-% +%al in0%n0 4a 0* inlu'% 0-% '%%2 4%ll, an'F *+ 4i0-F 4*ul' -av% %%n u%'. o In a% a% * '*u '*u00 in 0-% in0%+2 in0%+2+%0 +%0a0i a0i*n *n * *n0+ *n0+a0 a0, , *n0% *n0%&2* &2*+an +an%* %*u u an' an' u%?u%n0 a0 -all % 2+ini2all *ni'%+%'. An %>a&ina0i*n * u- a0 *  +%2*n'%n0 a 4%ll a 0-% a00%n'an0 i+u&0an% '*% n*0 2%+ua'% 0-% *u+0 0* u2-*l' +%2*n'%n0. o H%+% ini0 0-a0 Tanguilig v%+all ag+%%' 0-a0 0-% *n0+a0 2+i% *v%+%' 0-% in0alla0i*n * a '%%2 4%ll an' 0-a0 in% 2%0i0i*n%+ 'i' n*0 -av% 0-% a2ai0 0* '* *, S#GI 4a -i+%' 0* '* 0-% 4*+:, 0-% *0 * 4-i- 4a 0* % '%'u0%' +*& 0-% *n0+a0 2+i%. Su- ag+%%&%n0 ag+%%&%n0 i unu0an0ia0%' unu0an0ia0%' in% n* %vi'%n% * uag+%%&%n0 ag+%%&%n0 4a 2+%%n0%' 0* 0-% *u+0. *+%*v%+, i0 4a H%+% 4-* 2ai' #1;: 0* #ili, in'ia0ing 0-a0 0-% *n0+a0 *+ 0-% '%%2 4%ll 4a n*0 2a+0 * 0-% 4in'&ill 2+*8%0 u0 a %2a+a0% ag+%%&%n0 %04%%n H%+% an' #ili. o N%i0-%+ an H%+% lai& 0-a0 #ili a%20%' -i 2a&%n0 *n %-al * Tanguilig Tanguilig a 2%+ NCC, A1/6 in% i0 '*% n*0 a22%a+ 0-a0 #ili 4a au0-*+i%' 0* '* *.

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 A1/5 an' 1/7 '* n*0 a22l %au% n* +%'i0*+'%0*+ +%'i0*+'%0*+ +%la0i*n-i2 +%la0i*n-i2 %04%%n %04%%n Tanguilig an' #ili -a %%n %0ali-%' +%ga+'ing 0-% '%%2 4%ll *n0+u0i*n.