Submitted To Mr.Rahul
Submitted By
Tourist Management
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
As with any project, the effort is widely collaborative, so I have many people to thank. This project itself is an acknowledgement to the inspiration, drive and technical assistance contributed to it by many individuals. This project would never have seen the light of day without help and guidance that I have received. First and foremost I am extremely grateful to my parents who have been source of inspiration for me during these days, without which I would not have been able to complete this project. I would like to express my gratitude to Col. DAYANAND (DIRECTOR) who is the strength and encouragement behind every student I acknowledge with thanks the support rendered by my Program Leader Mr. Rahul for providing me his valuable time, advice, suggestions.
The project has been thoroughly edited and tested so I believe this project likely to be error-free.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
As with any project, the effort is widely collaborative, so I have many people to thank. This project itself is an acknowledgement to the inspiration, drive and technical assistance contributed to it by many individuals. This project would never have seen the light of day without help and guidance that I have received. First and foremost I am extremely grateful to my parents who have been source of inspiration for me during these days, without which I would not have been able to complete this project. I would like to express my gratitude to Col. DAYANAND (DIRECTOR) who is the strength and encouragement behind every student I acknowledge with thanks the support rendered by my Program Leader Mr. Rahul for providing me his valuable time, advice, suggestions.
The project has been thoroughly edited and tested so I believe this project likely to be error-free.
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PREFACE
This This projec projectt entitl entitled ed “Touri “Tourism sm Manage Managemen mentt System System”” has been been design designed ed towards improving the Management of Tourist Information. recreational, leisure or business As it is Known that, Tourism is travel for recreational, purposes. The World Tourism Organization defines tourists as people who "travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more than twenty-four (24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, bus busin ines esss and and othe otherr purp purpos oses es not not rela relate ted d to the the exer exerci cise se of an acti activi vity ty remunerated from within the place visited". [The project has been developed to fulfill the requirements of the Tourists. This Project Report consists of various sections & .it covers all the phases of System development life cycle which include-Problem formulation -System Analysis -System Design- DFD, Flow Chart, ER Diagram etc. -Maintenance & Implementation phase.
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OBJECTIVE OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM OBJECTIVE:-
Objectives is one of the characteristics of a system. Objectives may be real or stated. The user must know the central objectives of the computer application in the analysis for a successful design and conversion. The analyst must work around such obstacles to identify the real objectives of the proposed change. Following are the objectives of the proposed system:-
1. Computerized version removes some of the basic limitations of the existing i.e. manual system.
2. There is uniqueness provided to customers so that there is no inaccuracy done on their behalf. This is provided through PNR.
3. Confirmation status can be efficiently known just by clicking Tourist status submenu on the form which acts as front end.
4. To handle the reservation of passenger in a computerized manner.
5. To handle the cancellation of tickets in a computerized way.
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6. To answer the user query automatically.
SCOPE:-
1. This software has been built in two highly popular software, on Turbo C++ and MS Office. This software provide GUI (Graphical User Interface) and DBMS.
2. This software can be used by small scale Tourist business people who need limited database along with facilities and ease.
3. This software will have its scope in efficient database handling as there will be no redundancy of data.
4. Error free database can result in better analysis of the business output
5. Computerized version will reduce the labour cost.
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Contents
Page no.
Preface Objectives And Scope Of The Proposed System 1. System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) 1.1 Defining a system……………………………………………….8 1.2 System life cycle……………………………………………….8 1.3 Need of SDLC in tourist management…………………………10 2.
System Study
2.1 Project Definition………………………………………………12 2.2 Existing System of the Project…………………………………12 2.3 Drawback of Existing System …………………………………13 3.
System Analysis
3.1 Feasibility Study……………………………………………….15 3.2 Objective………………………………………………………16 3.3 Types of Feasiblity Study……………………………………..18 4. Software Requirement Specification & System Design
4.1 Hardware & Software Requirements………………………….21 4.2 Requirement Analysis…………………………………………22 4.3 Software Requirement Specification…………………………22 4.4 System design Specification…………………………………..24 4.5 Types of System Design……………………………………….25 4.6 Data Flow Diagram……………………………………………25 4.7 Flowchart………………………………………………………27 4.8 E-R Diagram…………………………………………………..31 4.9 Logical Data Structure…………………………………………32
5. Maintenance……………………………………………………34 6. Implementation ………………………………………………..36 7. Limitation Of Software ……………………………………….37 8.
Future Scope………………………………………………….38
9. Bibliography…………………………………………………...39
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SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
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1. SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE 1.1 Defining A System
Collections of components, which are interconnected, and work together to realize some objective, form a system. There are three major components in every system, namely input, processing and output.
INPUT
OUTPUT
Processing
1.2 Systems Life Cycle
The sequencing of various activities required for developing and maintaining systems in an ordered form is referred as Systems Life Cycle. It helps in establishing a system project plan as it gives overall list of process and sub processes required for developing any system. Here, the systems life cycle will be discussed with reference to the development of Employee Management System. Broadly, following are the different activities to be considered while defining the systems development cycle for the said project:
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SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
Management skills
Technical skills
Project identification and Project initiation and selection planning
Analysis
Conceptual
Logical design
Analytical skills
Physical design
Inter personal skills
Implementation
Maintenance
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1.3 Need of SDLC in tourism management •
Provide access to information form any where any time.
•
Head office management and regional office management access to the proposal for status monitoring and tracking.
•
Manual report generation is less efficient and may cause inaccuracy in outputs.
• Create
a business management database/data warehouse that is useful to management , sales managers
• Besides
real time online systems develops data mining application for strategic management of business.
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2. SYSTEM STUDY
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2.1 PROJECT DEFINITION
Project definition stage determines whether or not the organisation a problem and whether or not problem can be solved by launching a new system. Thus, at this stage, the need for a new system is recognised. The basis for a new system is the recognition of a need for improving an information system or a procedure. This need leads to a preliminary survey or an initial investigation to determine whether an alternative system can solve the problem.
2.2 EXISTING SYSTEM OF THE PROJECT
In the existing system the supervisor or clerk of the tourist management details based upon user manual.
•
The reservation, updation and
modification all of these
procedure done upon the manual work, which is a typical task to handle all details.
•
In this existing
system we are not able to display all
information of the customer details weekly, monthly, and yearly.
•
This system is very time consuming and less efficient .
•
Supervisor manually update the customer details on the paper instead of computer.
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2.3 DRAWBACKS OF THE EXISTING SYSTEM
Following are the drawbacks of the existing system:--
•
Manual system is an error prone system, this system is based upon the efficiency of the worker e.g. clerk, supervisor in the above case.
•
Maintenance of the customer details is very tedious task, current data updation is not handy to deal with.
•
Manual report generation is less efficient and may cause inaccuracy in outputs.
•
At the time of submission of the reports monthly and yearly its very difficult
to keep track of such a huge record set
and manually searching it, compiling it and at the end
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3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
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3. ANALYSIS
Analysis is a detailed study of the various operation performed by a system and their relationships within and outside of the system. A key question is: what must be done to solve the problem? One aspect of analysis is defining the boundaries of the system and determining whether or not a candidate system should consider other related systems. During analysis, data are collected on the available files, decision points, and transactions handled by the present system. Data
flow
diagrams,
interviews,
on-site
observations
and
questionnaires are examples. The interview is a commonly used tool in analysis. It requires special skills and sensitivity to the subjects being interviewed. Bias in data collection and interpretation can be a problem. Training, experience, and common sense are required for collection of the information needed to do the analysis. Once analysis is completed, the analyst has a firm understanding or what is to be done. The next step is to decide how the problem might be solved. Thus, in systems design, we move from the logical to the physical aspect of the life cycle.
3.1 FEASIBILITY STUDY
Depending on the results of
the
initial
investigation,
the survey is
expended to a more detailed study. A feasibility study is a system proposal according to its workability, impact on the organization,
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ability to meet user needs, and effective use of resources. It focuses on three major questions:
1. What are the user’s demonstrable needs and how does
a
candidate system meets them? 2. What resources are available for given candidate system? Is the problem worth solving? 3. What are the likely impacts of the
candidates system on
the organization? How well does it fit within the organization’s master MIS plan?
Each of these questions must be answered carefully. They resolve around investigation
and evaluation
of
the problem, identification and
description of candidate systems, specification of performance and the cost of each system, and final selection of the best system.
3.2 Objective
The objective of a feasibility study is not to solve the problem but to acquire a sense of its scope of its scope. During the study, the problem definition is crystallized and aspects of the problem to be included in the system are determined. Consequently, costs and benefits are estimated with greater accuracy at this stage. The result of the feasibility study is a formal proposal. This is simply a report-a formal document detailing the nature and scope of the proposed
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solution. The proposal summarizes what is known and what is going to be done. It consists of the following sections:-
1. Statement of the problem-
a
carefully worded statement of
the
problem that led analysis.
2. Summary of findings and recommendations- a list of the major
findings and recommendations of the study. It is ideal for the user
who
requires quick access to the results of the analysis of the system under study. Conclusions are stated, followed by a list of the recommendations and a justification for them.
3. Details of findings-
an outline of the methods and procedures
undertaken by the existing system followed by coverage of
the
objectives and procedures of the candidate system. Included are also discussions of output reports, file structures, and costs and benefits of the candidate system.
4. Recommendations and conclusions-
specific
regarding the candidate
personnel assignments,costs,
system, including
recommendation
project schedules and target dates.
After
management reviews
the proposal, it becomes
a formal
agreement that paves the way for actual design and implementation. This is a crucial decision point in the life cycle. Many projects die here, whereas
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the more promising ones continue through implementation. Changes in the proposal are made in writing. Depending on the complexity, size and cost of the project. It is simply common sense to verify changes before committing the project to design.
3.3 Types of feasibility study:
FEASIBILITY STUDY
Technical Feasibility
1)
Economic Feasibility
Operational Feasibility
Technical feasibility:- is concerned
Legal Feasibility
with
Time Feasibility
the availability of
hardware and software requirement for the development of the sys. These three issues addressed during this study:Q.
Is the proposed technology proven and practical ?
Ans. At this stage analyst has to see or identify the proposed technology its ability or scope of solving the problem . Q.
Does the firm posses the necessary technology its needs ?
Ans. We have insured that the require technology is practical available.
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Q. Is the software and hardware are available with the availability of technical expertise?
Ans. It may be difficult to find the skill men power.
2.
Economic feasibility:- is the major of cost of effectiveness of
nothing but judging whether the possible benefit of solving problem is worth while or not.
3.
Operational feasibility:- is all about problems that may arise
during
operations there are other issues related
with
operational feasibility. i)
Information :- The system needs to provide adequate, timely,
accurate and useful information. ii) Response time:- It needs to study the response time of the system in terms of throughput. It’s should be fast enough to give the require output to the users. iii) Accuracy:- A software system must operate accurately it means that it should provide value to its users.
4.
Legal feasibility:- the issues which are considered in legal
feasibility might include copy write low, labour low, foreign trade etc. 5.
Time feasibility:-
the main issues arises is that software
system is possible to develop with in the time limit specified by the users.
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4. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT & SYSTEM DESIGN
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4.1 HARDWARE & SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:-
1) SYSTEM :- PENTIUM
IV PROCESSOR
2) FLOPPY DRIVE 1.44 MB 3) CD WRITER 4) MONITOR :- 17 INCHES LG MONITOR 5) KEYBOARD :- 120 KEYS KEYBOARD 6) MOUSE :- 2 BUTTONS MOUSE WITH SCROLL BAR 7) PRINTER :- LASER PRINTER 8) 2.68 GHz
FREQUENCY
9) 512 MB OF RAM 10) 80 GB HARDDISK
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:REQUIREMENTS:-
1) TURBO C++ ( Turbo C Plus Plus ) Version 3.0 2) WINDOWS XP ( OPERATING SYSTEM ) 3) MICROSOFT OFFICE 2007 ( MICROSOFT WORD ) 4) DOS Version 5.00
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4.2 REQUIRREMENT ANALYSIS
In this, requirements of the ‘to be developed software’ are established. These are usually the services it will provide, its constraints and the goal of the software. 4.3 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION (SRS):
System specification is a contract between the client and the software programmer. Software Requirement Specification is a set of complete and precisely stated property along with the constraints. A well design SRS establishes boundaries and solution of the system to develop a useful software. This document is to be two types of system requirements:•
Hardware
•
Software
Rules for specifying software requirements:•
Apply and use an industry standard to ensure that standard formats are
used
to describe the requirement completeness and
consistency must be maintained. •
Use standard models to specify the functional relationship and data between the system and data structure to express complete requirement.
•
Limit the structure of each requirement and try to increase the ability to check for completeness.
•
Each requirement should be verifiable and stated.
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Characteristics of a Software Requirement Specification:•
The entire requirement must be
stated
unambiguously. Every
requirement stated has only one interpretation. •
It should be complete which means all the function and constraints should be included intended by the system user.
•
The requirements should be realistic and achievable with the current technology . It must be verifiable and consistent.
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4.4 . SYSTEM DESIGN SPECIFICATION
The most creative and challenging phase of the system life cycle is system design. The term design describes a final system and the process which
it is
developed. It refers
to
(analogous to the engineers blue prints)
by
the technical specification that
will
be applied
in
implementing the candidate system. It also includes the construction of program testing. The key question here is: how should the problem be solved? The major steps in design are shown in figure shown below.
The System Design Specification or Software Design Specification gives a complain understanding of the details of each component of the system. This also explains how the requirements of the system are implemented The SDS is developed in two stage process:-
1. In the first step the design specification generally describe the
overall architecture of the system at a higher level. 2. In the second step provides the technical details of low level design which will guide the implementer.
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4.5 STEP OF SYSTEM DESIGN Requireme nts
specificatio n Architectu ral design
System Architectu re
Abstract specificati on
Software Specificati on
Interfac e design
Interface Specificati on
Compone nt design
Component Specificati on
Data structur e design
Data Structure Specificati on
4.6 DATA FLOW DIAGRAM
1.ZERO-LEVEL DFD:
Place list
Reservatio n
Vehicle list
Reservatio n list
Tourist Tourist Manageme Manageme nt nt System System
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Algorith m design
Algorithm Specificati on
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2. FIRST-LEVEL DFD:
2.1 Place.dat PLACE LIST
Reserve.dat
TOURIST DETAILS
2.2 Vehicle.dat
VEHICLE LIST
Reserve.dat
TOURIST DETAILS
2.3 Place.dat
Vehicle.dat
RESERVATION LIST
Reserve.dat
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4.7 FLOW CHART START
SPLASH PLACE LIST VEHICAL LIST RESERVATION LIST EXIT
YES
IF CHOICE IS 1?
DISPLA Y TITLE OF THE PROJEC T
NO YES ENTER THE PLACE LIST
IF CHOICE IS 2?
A
NO YES
IF CHOICE IS 3?
ENTER THE VEHICLE LIST
B
NO YES
If CHOICE IS 4? NO
ENTER THE RESERVA -TION LIST
YES
IF CHOICE IS 5?
EXIT NO
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A
Enter the place name
N
If Confirm?
Display Place Display name place name
Y
Display Display Display distance distance distance
N
If u want to delete or modify ? Y
Display place name STOP
Display distance
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B
Enter the Vehicle Choice
N
If Confirm ? Y Display name of vehicle Display rate per kilometer
STOP
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C
You want to reservation Name,Age,Sex, Address, Place
N
If Seat is Vacant? Y Fare=RATE * DISTANCE
Print fare
Print seat
STOP
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4.8 ENTITY_RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM
Name
Distance
Rate/km
Reservatio n
Place
Name
VEHICLE
TOURIST
Name
Place
Age
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Sex
Addres s
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4.9 LOGICAL DATA STRUCTURE
In “TOURIST MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” project we use four types of files:♦
Place.dat
♦
Vehicle.dat
♦
Reserve.dat
♦
Temp.dat
PLACE.DAT:Place.dat file contains the transaction of the place name and their records. If a tourist want to go any place first we will contain the place name in this file. This file also contain the distance of the places for calculating the fare charge for the tourist. VEHICLE.DAT:Vehicle.dat file contains the name of vehicle which are in our list like car, bus etc. According to vehicle rate per km is changeable, its depend on vehicle mode. RESERVE.DAT Reserve.dat file contains the records of tourist according to name, address, place, age and sex. In this file we can save the record of tourist and maintain the whole records about any tourist. TEMP.DAT Temp.dat file contains the garbage value or records of the classes i.e place, vehicle, reservation. All the deleted and extra records are automatically moving to this temporary fi
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MAINTENANCE
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5. MATNTENANCE
Computers are always changing. There are bugs to fix, enhancement to add and optimization to make. So, changes have to be done in the older version to make it applicable for current use and of current version to cater the need of the future.
Maintenance can of the three types:
1. CORRECTIVE MAINTAINANCE 2. ADAPTIVE MAINTAINANCE 3. PERFECTIVE MAINTAINANCE
Though efforts have been made to develop an error free system but no system is perfect, room for improvement is always there. Thus proper documentation for the system have been done so that it will be easy in future to handle any break down or any other types of system maintainance activity.
For systematic maintainance of the system, a) Proper reporting has been done. b) Record keeping system has been developed so that any changes could be properly recorded. c) System flow and flow of events has been properly shown.
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IMPEMENTATION
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6. IMPLEMENTATION
Implementation includes all these activity that takes place to convert from the old system to the new one. In the present case the system is replacing
the
existing manual system. Implementation of the system
involves the following: -
TRAINING
Training is provided to the user of the system and the operator because they are one’s who will be dealing with the system. Training place a very important as even a technical elegant system fails due to poor quality of training the method of vendoring training differs from person to person. In case of operator training, the focus is to let them handle both entry procedures and vital data etc. In case of user training he is explained the fundamental operation of computer analog with the basic knowledge
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7. LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
1.
One of the main limitation of this project is that it is developed using the
C++ platform, so it is difficult for a naïve user (users who are not aware of the rules and regulations of a particular language) to understand and use it. For naïve users to use it, it is very important that someone should teach them first which is a very difficult task. So, the simplest way to solve this problem is that the developer should prepare a list of instructions which shows the stepwise procedure of how to use this system.
2.
With this system we can store a limited records of vehicle, place and reservation, because of this the efficiency of this system decreases slowly and gradually.
3.
We can not stop the privacy of this system which directly affect the reliability of the system.
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8. FUTURE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT
♦
Our project will prove to be very efficient and economical in future.
♦
Simple to use.
♦
Easy to understand.
♦
May it will be adopted by the number of Travel companies because of the above mentioned features with uniqueness.
♦
We have kept a scope of up gradation that is to be done according to the changing environment technology and culture.
♦
Less time consuming and effective.
♦
User interface is so easy to understand, no job specialization, specification, special training and analysis is required. Any body can handle it with no efforts.
♦
In future we can use the concept of credits card for booking the reservation of the seats in our project.
♦
The project can be converted into an Online system.
♦
The facility for changing the login Password can be added.
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