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Multi-Carrier Strategy Training
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2
Introduction •
Background: Remark: Multi-carrier strategy also include multi-band situation, such as U900+U2100.
With the steady growth of radio services especially the data services, operators need to expand the capacity of the live network and add more carriers are one of the choices. Currently multi-band and multicarrier networking has become a main scenario for lots of operator’s live networks.
According to the analysis of the operators requirements we classify them into two categories and they are Prefer system capacity and Prefer voice quality.
•
Deploying different strategies will meet different operator’s requirements in different scenarios
Strategy content
Camping Policy
Neighboring Cell Manage
Access Policy
SPG Setting
Load Balance Policy
Algorithm Switch
Mobility Policy
Multi-Carrier Strategy
Status Transition
HSPA+
Access policy feature – DRD - Directed Retry Decision RAB Setup procedure Step1: Generates a l ist of candidate DRD-supportive inter-frequency cells with RAB DRD Conditions
RAN12
Combine UE and cell Technology priority
Step2: Get the Technical Priori ty of the DRD Cells by MIMO_64QAMorDC- HSDPA and . MIMOor64 QAM
Take DC service as an example
Priority
DRD: Directed Retry Decision
DRD Cells Step3: The HSDPA Steering Cell will be selected.
DRD feature For access procedure
Capability Matching between Cells and UE Cell selection based on Service Steering Cell selection based on Load
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Step4: The DC Group will be decided by comparing the DL Load between the DC Groups. And the Anchor Carri er will be selected based on the UL Load of the 2 carriers belonging to the DC Group.
If Technology Priority and Cell priority are same
In RAN11.0 and earlier versions, DRD is implemented based on blind handover (that is, the cell signal quality meets certain threshold, but not to measure the target cell).
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In RAN12.0, the original DRD algorithm implementation is kept, and measurement-based DRD algorithm is added (that is, to measure signals of the target cell). => Improve the performance and successful of DRD access procedure, increase the delay Measurement-based DRD or DRD of blind handover is based on parameters configuration and currently measurement-based DRD is closed by default.
Load balance policy feature – LDR
When the usage of cell resource exceeds the basic congestion triggering threshold, the cell enters the basic congestion state. In this case, Load Reshuffling (LDR) is required to reduce the cell load and increase the access success rate.
–
Inter-frequency load handover
–
BE rate reduction
–
CS/PS inter-RAT handover
–
AMR rate reduction
–
QoS Renegotiation for Uncontrollable Real-Time Services
–
LDR Actions
e c r u o s e R
L D / L U
l e n n a h C
code reshuffling
UL
LDR in connected mode
The RNC adopts the following behaviors until the congestion be removed:
LDR actions intended for different resources Remarks：
Power DL
If the downlink power –based admission uses the ENU algorithm, the basic congestion can also be caused by the ENU. In this situation, LDR ac tions do not
UL Iub DL
involve AMR rate reduction or MBMS power reduction, as indicated by the
– Code
symbol “ *” in the table.
DL UL
Credit DL
DCH HSUPA DCH HSDPA DC-HSDPA
d a o L y c r e n e v o u d q n e a r H F r e t n I √ √ √ √ √
n o i t c u d e R e t a R E B √
√
√
√
√
DCH HSUPA DCH HSDPA
– DCH HSDPA DCH HSUPA DCH HSDPA
n i r e v o n d i a n a m H o T D A S C R r e t n I
√
√
n i r e v o n d i a n a m H o T D A S P R r e t n I √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √
n o i t c u d e R e t a R R M A √ √*
e r m i o f T n l o a i e t a R s e i t l c e i o v b g a r e l e n S e l o r R t S n o o Q c n U √ √
√ √
√ √ √ √
g n i l f f u h s e R e d o C
√ √ √
√ √ √
√ √
UE Restriction( Refer to 3GPP 25.133)
More frequency => Many frequency was introduced in the network => but there UE restrictions according to 3GPP
– UE can only measure 2 inter-frequency only for both idle mode and connected mode in 3G
– UE can only measure 3 inter-frequency 3G frequency in GSM
Strategy - Preferred Camping SHO HHO DRD (f1 => f2) and LDR (F1 <=> F2)
Blind HO
F2
Camping Coverage HO
HSPA+R99
HSPA+R99
Load Balancing
F1 R99+HSPA
R99+HSPA
R99+HSPA
R99+HSPA
1.Idle Users camp on F1 carrier 2.Through setting SPG, R99 directly establish on F1 3.Through setting SPG, H services establish on F2 preferentially 4.Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers 5.Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2 6.Allow bi-directional inter-freq HHO based on LDR between F1 and F2 7.Configure one way handover based on coverage from F2 to F1 but F1 to F2 are not allowed
Strategy - Random Camping SHO Every users can access to every carriers randomly depending on signal quality
HHO Blind HO
F2
Camping R99+HSPA
R99+HSPA
F1 R99+HSPA
R99+HSPA
R99+HSPA
R99+HSPA
1.Idle User randomly camp on F1 or F2 carrier 2.R99 directly establish on each carrier that the user camp on 3.HSPA services DRD based on HSPA user number balanced 4.Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers 5.Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2 6.Allow bi-directional inter-freq HHO based on LDR between F1 and F2 7.Configure one way handover based on coverage from F2 to F1 but F1 to F2 are not allowed
Strategy - Pros vs Cons Pros
Cons
High system capacity, high carrier efficiency
Less DRD for HSPA, the HSPA RAB setup success ratio will be guaranteed as much as possible
Random Camping
AMR and HSPA services are on the same carriers, the AMR KPI may be deteriorated
As all carriers are used for HSPA, HSPA experience may be better
AMR and HSPA are separate on different carriers, the AMR experience will be guaranteed as much as possible
The AMR carrier load will be relatively low and the drive test for high signal quality and coverage will be guaranteed as much as possible
n o i s u l c n o C
Preferred Camping
Resources on different carriers may not be used equally Due to HSPA carrier ’s high load as well as the DRD, the HSPA setup success ratio may be deteriorated
AMR are basic service for WCDMA. Some operators pay special attention on AMR in order to satisfy these requirement (Prefer voice quality), HW suggests to use “Preferred Camping Strategy”. As the rapid growing of data service, system capacity become much more important than ever before, in order to help operator to improve HSPA experience (Prefer system capacity) , HW suggests to use “Random Camping Strategy”
HSDPA Strategy Evaluation – How to use tool •
Network audit tool Omstar
Start UMTS_NetworkAudit
Choose items as below to analyze network strategy and corresponding KPIs •
Refer to the following document to see how to use UMTS_NetworkAudit : -
UMTS Network Evaluation Tool User Guide
-
Evaluation – OMSTAR Result to analysis •
According to the NodeB number, provide Top10 Strategy and as well as it’s pros and cons
•
Provide each NodeB’s strategy
•
Provide KPI for each carrier
Case 1 – Strategy analysis using tool example(1)
• Conclusion: • 94.2% NodeB deploy Random Camping Strategy • 5.8% NodeB deploy Preferred Camping Strategy • Why are there so many different strategy?
Are they right?
Case 1 – Strategy analysis using tool example(2)
• Remark: all the above KPIs are calculated by each cell • Conclusion: • F1/F2/F3/F4’s traffic are almost equal and this is reasonable for Random Camping Strategy • F5’s deployed in suburb and it’s traffic is lower than other carrier • Why are there so many different strategy? Are they right?
Case 2 – Strategy Adjust Example 1. In order to improve coverage and signal quality (voice quality) , operator x adjust it’s network strategy from random camping to preferred camping 2. As expected its drive signal quality improves 1.7% (EcNo>-12dB), AMR call drop rate reduces 0.05% but PS RAB setup success ratio deteriorates 0.46% and PS DL throughput reduces 7%
Case 3 – Strategy Configuration Example Requirement: Prefer System Capacity Recommend Strategy: Random Camping
SHO
F4 : Non homogeneous carrier
HHO
F4
HSPA+R99
Blind HO
Dual carrier Group
F3
HSPA+R99
HSPA+R99
F2
HSPA+R99
HSPA+R99
HSPA+R99
HSPA+R99
HSPA+R99
F1
Camping Policy
Camp on F1 and F2 randomly
Mobility Policy
All carriers support HSPA and R99
Non H service are directly established in the cell where the UE camp on
H service are established on F1/F2/F3/F4 through load balance
LDR policy set as default
HSPA+
Use F3 and F4 as DC dual carriers
Allow intra-frequency handover based on coverage for all carriers(ADD UINTRAFREQNCELL)
Access and Load Balance Policy
HSPA+R99
Configure one way handover based on coverage from F4 to F3/F2 and from F3 to F2 (ADD UINTERFREQNCELL)
Configure blind handover neighboring cell between F1<-->F2; F1,F2-->F3; F1, F2-->F4 (ADD UINTERFREQNCELL : BlindHOFlag=TRUE)
Configure GSM as neighboring cell for all cells, only configure
F1 and F2 as neighboring cell for GSM.
Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(1) Requirement: 1. U900 absorb weak coverage traffic 2. Prefer system capacity DL3038
U900
U900
U900
DL10737
U2100 F1
U2100 F1
U2100 F1
DL10713
U2100 F2
U2100 F2
U2100 F2
DL10688
U2100 F3
DL10663
U2100 F4
Network Coverage: 1. F1/F2/G900 full coverage 2. U900,F3,F4 hotspot coverage
G900
G900
G900
G1800
G1800
G1800
Suggestion: Random Camping Strategy and dedicated U900 strategy
Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(2) Key Switches for idle / connection mode cell reselection, RAB DRD, Inter-frequency handover, Load reshuffling:
Parameter SIB11Ind
Value
MML Command
True/False
ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
True/False
ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
0/1/2/3
ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
BlindHoFlag
True/False
ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
DrdOrLdrFlag
True/False
ADD UINTERFREQNCELL
UE in idle mode
SIB12Ind UE in Con mode
HOCovPrio Type of Inter-freq HO
DR_RAB_SING_D RD_SWITCH DR_RAB_COMB_D RD_SWITCH
ON/OFF ON/OFF
SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH SET UCORRMALGOSWITCH
Parameter Description "FALSE" indicates that neighboring information are not included in the SIB11. "TRUE" indicates that neighboring information are included in the SIB11. "FALSE" indicates that neighboring information are not included in the SIB12. "TRUE" indicates that neighboring information are included in the SIB12 " " indicates that the inter-frequency handover is . (based on load) Eg. for "1" indicates that the cell is assigned with the highest priority for the handover. "3" indicates that the cell is assigned with the lowest priority for the handover. “FALSE” indicates that the cell is not considered as a candidate cell for blind handover.(HO based measurement) “TRUE” indicates that the cell can be considered as a candidate cell for blind handover "TRUE" indicates that the cell can be considered as the measurement object in the DRD measurement algorithm or LDR measurement algorithm. The value "FALSE" indicates that the cell is invalid. DRD switch for single RAB DRD switch for combine RAB
Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(3) • UEs will camp on U2100 F1/F2, G900 and G1800 in idle mode (i.e. Access Layers). • U900 set as “limited access layer” – UEs can reselect to U900 when coverage of U2100 F1/F2 is poor. Idle UEs on U900 will reselect to F1/F2 when within U2100 coverage area. • U900 layer will be considered as the coverage layer for both CS and PS – only one way for UE to go to this layer (from all U2100 layers) during Connected Mode is due to coverage (i.e. Inter-Frequency HO). • Coverage-based Inter-RAT from U2100 layers to G900 is for CS services only. • Calls end on U2100 F3/4 will be forced to re-select to U2100 F1/F2, U900 or G900 immediately. • F3 and F4 will be the Non-Access and HS-preferred layers – UEs will only perform HSPA RAB DRD from F1 to co-sector F2/3/4 cells and from F2 to co-sector F1/3/4 cells. • Combined 3G services will access at the current 3G c ell, where the first service is being served.
• LDR happens 1)
between all U2100 layers (bi-directional blind Inter-Frequency HO)
2)
from 3G to G900 and co-sector G1800 for CS services only (Inter-RAT - only as 4th action for DL LDR).
• Measurement-Based LDR algorithm will be enabled from U900 to U2100 F1/2 (feature can only support 2 target frequencies according to 3GPP).
G900 / G1800 Layer : • Re-selections to the G1800 layer is only possible via the G900 layer. • Uni-directional traffic handovers are possible from G900 t o G1800. • UEs on G1800 can move to G900 in connected mode due to coverage.
Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(4) IDLE MODE U900
C O N N E C T ED M O D E U900
U900
U900
Access Layer
U2100 F1
U2100 F1
U2100 F1
U2100 F1
U2100 F1
Access Layer
U2100 F2
U2100 F2
U2100 F2
U2100 F2
U2100 F1
CS LDR (to G900) Capacity/Non Access Layer
U2100 F3
U2100 F3
Load balance layer Capacity/Non Access Layer
U2100 F4
U2100 F4 CS Inter-RAT and LDR (to G900)
G900
G900 Traffic -based (uni-directional)
Access Layer
G1800
Coverage-based (uni-directional)
G1800 Blind IFHO LDR (co-sector, bi and uni-directional)
Reselection (bi-directional) Reselection (uni-directional)
For LDR ,2 possibilities : -Blind HO or -Measurement based HO
Coverage-based CS & PS IFHO/ CS ISHO (uni-directional) HSPA RAB DRD (co-sector, bi and uni-directional) Measurement based LDR
Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(5) Parameter
U2100 F1
U2100 F2
U2100 F3
U2100 F4
U900
Cell Reselection
Qqualmin
-18 dB
-18 dB
-18 dB
-18 dB
-18 dB
Qrxlevmin
-58(-115dBm)
-58(-115dBm)
-58(-115dBm)
-58(-115dBm)
-58(-115dBm)
Qhyst2
1 (2dB)
1 (2dB)
1 (2dB)
1 (2dB)
1 (2dB)
IdleSintrasearch
5(10dB)
5(10dB)
5(10dB)
5(10dB)
5(10dB)
IdleSintersearch
4(8dB)
4(8dB)
127 (Off)
127 (Off)
127 (Off)
Inter-freq Neighbors
SIB11 Ind (Idle mode)
IdleQoffset2 - inter (for ncells with SIB11 True)
To U900/F2 - True To co-sector F3/4 – False
To U900/F1 - True To co-sector F3/4 False
0 dB – > U2100 F2 3 dB -> U900
0 dB – > U2100 F1 3 dB -> U900
To U900/F1 - True To U900/F2 - True To F2 and co-sector F4 - To F1 and co-sector F3 – False False -50 dB -> U2100 F1 3 dB – > U900
-50 dB -> U2100 F2 3 dB – > U900
Blind handover flag (for Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector Only True for co-sector LDR and DRD) U2100 cells U2100 cells U2100 cells U2100 cells HOCOVPRIO
U900 - 2 co-sector F2/3/4 - 0
Exemple : 3G cell with EcNo = -9 et RSCP = -106dB Squal = CPICH_EC/No – qQualMin Squal = -9 – (-18) = 9 > Sintrasearch = 5
U900 - 2 co-sector F1/3/4 - 0
U900 and other F1 - 2 U900 and other F2 - 2 co-sector F1/2/4 - 0 co-sector F1/2/3 – 0
To F1/F2 - True
-3 dB -> U2100 F1/2
None F1/F2 - 2
If Squal > Sintrasearch, the UE need not start the intra-frequencymeasurement. If Squal ≤ Sintrasearch, the UE need to start the intra -frequency measurement.
Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(6) Parameter
U2100 F1
U2100 F2
U2100 F3
U2100 F4
U900
Inter-freq Handover (only for your reference, pls. refer to the default value according each version)
CS 2D
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
CS 2F
-14dB/-108dBm
-14dB/-108dBm
-14dB/-108dBm
-14dB/-108dBm
-14dB/-108dBm
H 2D
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
H 2F
-14dB/-107dBm
-14dB/-107dBm
-14dB/-107dBm
-14dB/-107dBm
-14dB/-107dBm
Inter-RAT Handover (only for your reference, pls. refer to the default value according each version)
CS 2D
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
-16dB/-110dBm
CS 2F
-14dB/-108dBm
-14dB/-108dBm
-14dB/-108dBm
-14dB/-108dBm
-14dB/-108dBm
H 2D
-24dB/-115dBm
-24dB/-115dBm
-24dB/-115dBm
-24dB/-115dBm
-24dB/-115dBm
H 2F
-21dB/-112dBm
-21dB/-112dBm
-21dB/-112dBm
-21dB/- 112dBm
-21dB/-112dBm
Inter-Frequency and InterSIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT SIMINTERFREQRAT RAT Coexist Switch
INTERFREQ
COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_TH COEXIST_MEAS_T CoexistMeasThdChoice D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF D_CHOICE_INTERF HD_CHOICE_INTE REQ REQ REQ REQ RFREQ
Case 4 – U900 and 5 Carriers Strategy(7) Parameter
U2100 F1
U2100 F2
U2100 F3
U2100 F4
U900
DRD
Service Steering
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
LdbDRDSwitchDCH
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
OFF
LdbDRDSwitchHSDPA
ON
ON
OFF
OFF
OFF
LdbDRDchoice
UserNumber
UserNumber
UserNumber
UserNumber
UserNumber
H user balance Related
LdbDRDLoadRemain ThdHSDPA
100(default)
100(default)
100(default)
100(default)
100(default)
MaxHsdpaUserNum
64(default)
64(default)
64(default)
64(default)
64(default)
LdbDRDOffsetHSDPA
1 -> Target blind HO cell will be considered as a DRD candidate when HS-DSCH load of source cell is greater than the load of the target cell by 1% or more.
Measurement based LDR for U900 cell: TargetFreqThdRscp: -92 dBm, TargetFreqThdEcN0: -12 dB
Appendix Multi-frequency relevant features
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•
Multi-carrier relevant features
•
2G/3G inter-operation
Feature Number
Feature Name
WRFD-020110
Multi Frequency Band Networking
WRFD-020160
Enhanced Multiband Management
WRFD-02040001
Intra System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040002
Inter System Direct Retry
WRFD-02040003
Inter System Redirect
WRFD-02040004
Traffic Steering and Load Sharing During RAB Setup
WRFD-020302
Inter Frequency Hard Handover Based on Coverage
WRFD-020103
Inter Frequency Load Balance
WRFD-021200
HCS (Hierarchical Cell Structure)
WRFD-020105
Potential User Control
WRFD-020402
Measurement Based Direct Retry
WRFD-020160
Enhanced Multiband Management
Feature Number
Feature Name
WRFD-02040001 WRFD-02040002 WRFD-02040003 WRFD-02040004 WRFD-020302 WRFD-020103 WRFD-021200 WRFD-020105 WRFD-02040001 WRFD-02040002 WRFD-02040003 WRFD-020402
Intra System Direct Retry Inter System Direct Retry Inter System Redirect Traffic Steering and Load Sharing During RAB Setup Inter Frequency Hard Handover Based on Coverage Inter Frequency Load Balance HCS (Hierarchical Cell Structure) Potential User Control Intra System Direct Retry Inter System Direct Retry Inter System Redirect Measurement Based Direct Retry
Feature Number
Feature Name
WRFD-020303 WRFD-020306 WRFD-020305 WRFD-020401
Inter-RAT Inter-RAT Inter-RAT Inter-RAT
Handover Based on Coverage Handover Based on Load Handover Based on Service Redirection Based on Distance
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