Unidad 2 Bombeo Bombas electricas

INSTITUTO TECNOLÓGICO DE LA CHONTALPA

NOMBRE DEL TRABAJO INVESTIGACION UNIDAD 2: MOTORES ACOPLADOS A BOMBAS BOMBAS

MATERIA SIST. DE BOMBEO EN LA INDUSTRIA PETROLERA. PETROLE RA.

CATEDRATICO ING. TOMÁS GÓMEZ SÁNCHEZ

ALUMNO: LUIS MANUEL CASTILLO JESUS

CARRERA ING. PETROLERA SEMESTRE 6 GRUPO A

Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

INTRODUCCION.

Los moto!s "om#$ %#t! !s!$&'#( )! (#s m#*+'$#'# 'm%(!m!$t#)#s !$ )',!s#s -!#s )!s)! !( moto *+! /#&! %os'0(! !( +so )! +$# ('&+#)o# !$ (# &o&'$# /#st# )!$to )! (os &o(osos '$)+st'#(!s *+! %!m't!$ !#('1# #&t',')#)!s *+! !*+'!!$ #$)!s &#$t')#)!s )! !$!3# #)!m-s %o)! t!$! !( &o$to( )! (#s m'sm#s s'$ m#4o !s"+!1o to)o !sto t'!$! &omo "+$&'5$ %'$&'%#( )'sm'$+' (# &#$t')#) )! t'!m%o 4 !$!3# !*+!')# #s3 &omo !,'t# !o!s *+! &+#(*+'! /+m#$o %o)3# &om!t! )! /#&!s! )! m#$!# m#$+#(. Est! t#0#o )! '$,!st'#&'5$ "+! !#('1#)o &o$ !( %o%5s'to )! !&o%'(# )! m#$!# !s+m' !s+m')# )# '$"om '$"om#&' #&'5$ 5$ #&!&# #&!&# )! (os )'s%os )'s%os't' 't',os ,os *+! %!m't %!m't!$ !$ *+! %-&t' %-&t'&#m &#m!$t !$t! ! &+#(*+'! m#*+'$#'# %+!)# s! o%!#)#. D!t#((#$)o +$# &(#s'"'&#&'5$ )! (#s %#t!s *+! (o &om%!$)!$ #s' &omo (os %'$&'%'os %## s+ "+$&'o$#m'!$to.


2.1 MOTORES ELECTRICOS. U$ moto !(7&t'&o !s +$# m-*+'$# !(7&t'&# *+! t#$s"om# !$!3# !(7&t'&# !$ !$!3# m!&-$'&# %o m!)'o )! &#m%os m#$7t'&os ,#'#0(!s (os moto!s !(7&t'&os s! &om%o$!$ !$ )os %#t!s +$# "'# ((#m#)# !st#to 4 +$# m5,'( ((#m#)# oto. P+!)!$ "+$&'o$# &o$!&t#)os # +$# !) )! s+m'$'sto !(7&t'&o o # 0#t!3#s. Estos "+$&'o$#$ !$!#(m!$t! 0#o (os %'$&'%'os )! m#$!t'smo (os &+#(!s so$ )!s#o((#)os. Esto s! !$&+!$t# &(#s'"'&#)os !$ Co'!$t! D'!&t# )! Co'!$t! A(t!$# 4 (os Moto!s U$',!s#(!s 4 s!8$ !( $8m!o )! "#s!s !$ Mo$o"-s'&os B'"-s'&os 4 T'"-s'&os s'!$)o !st! 8(t'mo !( m-s +t'('1#)o # $',!( '$)+st'#(

Est! t'%o )! moto!s so$ +t'('1#)os !$ '$"'$')#) )! s!&to!s t#(!s &omo '$st#(#&'o$!s '$)+st'#(!s &om!&'#(!s 4 %#t'&+(#!s. S+ +so !st- !$!#('1#)o !$ ,!$t'(#)o!s ,'0#)o!s %## t!(7"o$os m5,'(!s 0om0#s m!)'os )! t#$s%ot! !(7&t'&os !(!&to)om7st'&os !sm!'(!s #$+(#!s 4 ot#s /!#m'!$t#s !(7&t'&#s +$')#)!s )! )'s&o !t&. Los moto!s !(7&t'&os %+!)!$ s! 'm%+(s#)os %o "+!$t!s )! &o'!$t! &o$t'$+# 9CC 4 %o "+!$t!s )! &o'!$t! #(t!$# 9AC. Los moto!s )! &o'!$t! #(t!$# 4 (os )! &o'!$t! &o$t'$+# s! 0#s#$ %'$&'%'o )! "+$&'o$#m'!$to !( &+#( !st#0(!&! *+! s' +$ &o$)+&to %o !( *+! &'&+(# +$# &o'!$t! !(7&t'&# s! !$&+!$t# )!$to )! (# #&&'5$ )! +$ &#m%o m#$7t'&o 7st! t'!$)! # )!s%(#1#s! %!%!$)'&+(#m!$t! # (#s (3$!#s )! #&&'5$ )!( &#m%o m#$7t'&o.

Los moto!s !(7&t'&os s! /#((#$ "om#)os %o ,#'os !(!m!$tos (os &+#(!s so$ )!"'$')os !$ !( &o$t!$')o )! (# %!s!$t! '$,!st'#&'5$ s'$ !m0#o (#s %#t!s %'$&'%#(!s so$: !( !st#to (# &#&#s# (# 0#s! !( oto (# &## )! &o$!;'o$!s (#s t#%#s 4 (os &o'$!t!s. No o0st#$t! +$ moto %+!)! "+$&'o$# so(o &o$ !( !st#to 4 !( oto. E( &o$)+&to t'!$)! # "+$&'o$# &omo +$ !(!&to'm-$ )!0')o # (# &o'!$t! !(7&t'&# *+! &'&+(# %o !( m'smo #)*+''!$)o #s3 %o%'!)#)!s m#$7t'&#s *+! %o,o&#$ )!0')o # (# '$t!#&&'5$ &o$ (os %o(os +0'&#)os !$ !( !st#to !( mo,'m'!$to &'&+(# *+! s! o0s!,# !$ !( oto )!( moto.

P#t'!$)o )!( /!&/o )! *+! &+#$)o %#s# &o'!$t! %o +$ &o$)+&to %o)+&! +$ &#m%o m#$7t'&o #)!m-s s' (o %o$!mos )!$to )! (# #&&'5$ )! +$ &#m%o m#$7t'&o %ot!$t! !( %o)+&to )! (# '$t!#&&'5$ )! #m0os &#m%os m#$7t'&os /#&! *+! !( &o$)+&to t'!$)# # )!s%(#1#s! %o)+&'!$)o #s3 (# !$!3# m!&-$'&#. D'&/# !$!3# !s &om+$'&#)# #( !;t!'o m!)'#$t! +$ )'s%os't',o ((#m#)o "(!&/#.


Po ot# %#t! s! !;%('&# (#s %'$&'%#(!s &o$!;'o$!s &o$ (#s *+! !s %os'0(! (# #('m!$t#&'5$ )! (os moto!s !(7&t'&os )!t#((#$)o &#)# +$# )! !((#s (#s ,!$t##s *+! s+!(!$ %o%o&'o$#(! !$t! ot#s. T#m0'7$ s! /#&! /'$&#%'7 !$ +$ t!m# m+4 'm%ot#$t! %## (# &o$s!,#&'5$ )! (os moto!s !(7&t'&os &omo (o !s !( m#$t!$'m'!$to %!,!$t',o )! (os m'smos )o$)! s! '$)## # !( #(##m'!$to )! (# ,')# 8t'( )!( moto 4 )'sm'$+' %7)')#s 4 )!"om#&'o$!s )!( m'smo "'$#('1#$)o (# '$,!st'#&'5$ &o$ +$# s!'! )! !&om!$)#&'o$!s %## (# '$st#(#&'5$ 4 m#$t!$'m'!$to )! (os moto!s !(7&t'&os.

FUNDAMENTOS DE OPERACIÓN DE LOS MOTORES ELÉCTRICOS E$ m#$!t'smo s! &o$o&! (# !;'st!$&'# )! )os %o(os: %o(o $ot! 9N 4 %o(o s+ 9S *+! so$ (#s !'o$!s )o$)! s! &o$&!$t#$ (#s (3$!#s )! "+!1# )! +$ 'm-$. U$ moto %## "+$&'o$# s! ,#(! )! (#s "+!1#s )! #t#&&'5$ 4 !%+(s'5$ *+! !;'st!$ !$t! (os %o(os. D! #&+!)o &o$ !sto to)o moto t'!$! *+! !st# "om#)o &o$ %o(os #(t!$#)os !$t! !( !st#to 4 !( oto 4# *+! (os %o(os m#$7t'&os '+#(!s s! !%!(!$ 4 %o(os m#$7t'&os )'"!!$t!s s! #t#!$ %o)+&'!$)o #s3 !( mo,'m'!$to )! ot#&'5$. E$ (# "'+# s! m+!st# &omo s! %o)+&! !( mo,'m'!$to )! ot#&'5$ !$ +$ moto !(7&t'&o.

U$ moto !(7&t'&o o%!# %'mo)'#(m!$t! !$ 0#s! # )os %'$&'%'os: E( )! '$)+&&'5$ )!s&+0'!to %o M'&/#!( <##)#4 !$ =>?=@ *+! s!#(# *+! s' +$ &o$)+&to s! m+!,! # t#,7s )! +$ &#m%o m#$7t'&o o !st- s't+#)o !$ (#s %o;'m')#)!s )! oto &o$)+&to %o !( *+! &'&+(# +$# &o'!$t! )! '$t!$s')#) ,#'#0(! s! '$)+&! +$# &o'!$t! !(7&t'&# !$ !( %'m! &o$)+&to.  !( %'$&'%'o *+! A$)7 Am%7! o0s!,o !$ =>2 !$ !( *+! !st#0(!&!: *+! s' +$# &o'!$t! %#s# # t#,7s )! +$ &o$)+&to s't+#)o !$ !( '$t!'o )! +$ &#m%o m#$7t'&o 7st! !!&! +$# "+!1# m!&-$'&# o ".!.m. 9"+!1# !(!&tomot'1 so0! !( &o$)+&to.


TIPOS DE MOTORES ELCTRICOS  CARACTERSTICAS

Los Motores e Corr!e"te D!re#t$ %C.D.& o Corr!e"te Co"t!"'$ %C.C.&: S! +t'('1# !$ &#sos !$ (os *+! !s 'm%ot#$t! !( %o)! !+(# &o$t'$+#m!$t! (# ,!(o&')#) )!( moto. A)!m-s s! +t'('1#$ !$ #*+!((os &#sos !$ (os *+! !s 'm%!s&'$)'0(! +t'('1# &o'!$t! )'!&t# &omo !s !( &#so )! moto!s #&&'o$#)os %o %'(#s o 0#t!3#s. Est! t'%o )! moto )!0! )! t!$! !$ !( oto 4 !( !st#to !( m'smo $8m!o )! %o(os 4 !( m'smo $8m!o )! &#0o$!s. Los moto!s )! &o'!$t! )'!&t# %+!)!$ s! )! t!s t'%os: F F F

S!'! P##(!(o M';to

Los Motores e Corr!e"te A(ter"$ %C.A.&: So$ (os t'%os )! moto!s m-s +s#)os !$ (# '$)+st'# 4# *+! !stos !*+'%os s! #('m!$t#$ &o$ (os s'st!m#s )! )'st'0+&'5$ )! !$!3#s $om#(!s. E$ (# #&t+#(')#) !( moto )! &o'!$t! #(t!$# !s !( *+! m-s s! +t'('1# %## (# m#4o %#t! )! (#s #%('&#&'o$!s )!0')o "+$)#m!$t#(m!$t! # *+! &o$s'+!$ +$ 0+!$ !$)'m'!$to 0#o m#$t!$'m'!$to 4 s!$&'((!1 !$ s+ &o$st+&&'5$ so0! to)o !$ (os moto!s #s3$&o$os.

C$r$#ter)st!#$s *$rt!#'($res e (os +otores e(,#tr!#os e #orr!e"te $(ter"$ Los %#-m!tos )! o%!#&'5$ )! +$ moto )!s'$#$ s+s &##&t!3st'&#s !s 'm%ot#$t! )!t!m'$#(#s 4# *+! &o$ !((#s &o$o&!!mos (os %#-m!tos )!t!m'$#$t!s %## (# o%!#&'5$ )!( moto. L#s %'$&'%#(!s &##&t!3st'&#s )! (os moto!s )! C.A. so$: Pot!$&'#: Es (# #%')!1 &o$ (# *+! s! !#('1# +$ t#0#o. E$ "3s'&# (# Pot!$&'#  T#0#ot'!m%o (# +$')#) )!( S'st!m# I$t!$#&'o$#( %## (# %ot!$&'# !s !( o+(! %o s!+$)o 4 s! )!$om'$# #tt 9K. S'$ !m0#o !st#s +$')#)!s t'!$!$ !( '$&o$,!$'!$t! )! s! )!m#s'#)o %!*+!#s %## %o%5s'tos '$)+st'#(!s.


PARTES FUNDAMENTALES DE UN MOTOR ELÉCTRICO.

Los moto!s !(7&t'&os !st-$ !$ to)#s %#t!s )!$to )! t+ &#s# !$ t+ (+# )! t#0#o !$ !( &!$to )! !st+)'os C+#(*+'! #%##to *+! !*+'!# #(8$ t'%o )! mo,'m'!$to m!&-$'&o &+!$t# &o$ +$ %!*+!o moto )!$to )! 7( !$!#)o #&'#s # +$# &o'!$t! #(t!$# o # +$# &o'!$t! )'!&t#. U$ moto s'm%(! &o$t'!$! s!'s %#t!s %'$&'%#(!s.

Est$tor. U$ !st#to !s (# %#t! "'# )! (# %#t! ot#t',# 4 +$o )! (os !(!m!$tos "+$)#m!$t#(!s %## (# t#$sm's'5$ )! %ot!$&'# 9!$ !( &#so )! moto!s !(7&t'&os o &o'!$t! !(7&t'&# 9!$ !( &#so )! (os !$!#)o!s !(7&t'&os s'!$)o !( oto s+ %#t! &o$t#'# 4 m5,'(. E( !st#to !s !( !(!m!$to *+! o%!# &omo 0#s! %!m't'!$)o *+! )!s)! !s! %+$to s! ((!,! # �o (# ot#&'5$ )!( moto. E( !st#to $o s! m+!,! m!&-$'&#m!$t! %!o s' m#$7t'&#m!$t!. E;'st!$ )os t'%os )! !st#to!s # Est#to )! %o(os s#('!$t!s. 0 Est#to #$+#)o.


E( !st#to !st- &o$st't+')o %'$&'%#(m!$t! )! +$ &o$+$to )! (-m'$#s )! #&!o #( s'('&'o 94 s! (!s ((#m# %#*+!t! *+! t'!$!$ (# /#0'(')#) )! %!m't' *+! %#s! # t#,7s )! !((#s !( "(+o m#$7t'&o &o$ "#&'(')#)@ (# %#t! m!t-('&# )!( !st#to 4 (os )!,#$#)os %o,!!$ (os %o(os m#$7t'&os. Los %o(os )! +$ moto s'!m%! so$ %#!s 9%+!)!$ s! 2  6 > = !t&. %o !((o !( m3$'mo )! %o(os *+! %+!)! t!$! +$ moto %## "+$&'o$# !s )os 9+$ $ot! 4 +$ s+.

Rotor U$ oto !s !( &om%o$!$t! *+! '# o ot# )!$to )! +$# m-*+'$# !(7&t'&# 4# s!# +$ !$!#)o o moto !(7&t'&o. Est- "om#)o %o +$ !! *+! so%ot# +$ +!o )! 0o0'$#s !$o((#)#s so0! +$#s %'!1#s %o(#!s !st-t'&#s. E( oto !s !( !(!m!$to )! t#$s"!!$&'# m!&-$'&# 4# *+! )! 7( )!%!$)! (# &o$,!s'5$ )! !$!3# !(7&t'&# # m!&-$'&#. Los oto!s so$ +$ &o$+$to )! (-m'$#s )! #&!o #( s'('&'o *+! "om#$ +$ %#*+!t! 4 %+!)!$ s! 0-s'&#m!$t! )! t!s t'%os: # Roto #$+#)o 0 Roto )! %o(os s#('!$t!s & Roto #+(# )! #)'((#

Co"+'t$or U$ &o$m+t#)o !s +$ '$t!+%to !(7&t'&o ot#t',o !$ &'!tos t'%os )! moto!s !(7&t'&os 4 !$!#)o!s !(7&t'&os *+! %!'5)'&#m!$t! &#m0'# (# )'!&&'5$ )! (# &o'!$t! !$t! !( oto 4 !( &'&+'to !;t!$o. E$ +$ moto %o%o&'o$# (# !$!3# # (# m!o +0'&#&'5$ !$ !( oto 4 !$ +$ !$!#)o !&'0! (# !$!3# )! "om# s'm'(#. Como +$ '$t!+%to t'!$! +$# Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

!;&!%&'o$#( (## ,')# 8t'( tom#$)o !$ &+!$t# !( $8m!o )! #%!t+#s 4 &'!!s *+! o&+!$ !$ o%!#&'5$ $om#(. U$ &o$m+t#)o !s +$# &##&t!3st'&# &om8$ !$ m-*+'$#s ot#t',#s )! &o'!$t! &o$t'$+#. A( !,!t' !( s!$t')o )! (# &o'!$t! !$ (# 0o0'$# !$ mo,'m'!$to )! (# #m#)+# )! +$ moto +$# "+!1# &o$st#$t! ot#t',# 9to*+! !s %o)+&')o. D! m#$!# s'm'(# !$ +$ !$!#)o !,'t'!$)o (# &o$!;'5$ )! (# 0o0'$# #( &'&+'to !;t!$o %o,!! )! &o'!$t! )'!&t# +$')'!&&'o$#( #( &'&+'to !;t!$o. L# %'m!# m-*+'$# )! &o'!$t! )'!&t# &o$ &o$m+t#)o "+! &!#)# %o H'%%o(4t! P';'' !$ =>?2 0#s#)o !$ +$# s+!!$&'# )! A$)7 M#'! Am%!!.

Es#o-!(($ E$ !(!&t'&')#) !s $!&!s#'o "!&+!$t!m!$t! !st#0(!&! +$# &o$!;'5$ !(7&t'&# !$t! +$# %#t! "'# 4 +$# %#t! ot#to'# !$ +$ )'s%os't',o. Est! !s !( &#so )! (os moto!s o !$!#)o!s !(7&t'&os )o$)! s! )!0! !st#0(!&! +$# &o$!;'5$ )! (# %#t! "'# )! (# m-*+'$# &o$ (#s 0o0'$#s )!( oto. P## !#('1# !st# &o$!;'5$ s! "'#$ )os #$'((os !$ !( !! )! 'o !$!#(m!$t! )! &o0! #'s(#)os )! (# !(!&t'&')#) )!( !! 4 &o$!&t#)os # (os t!m'$#(!s )! (# 0o0'$# ot#to'#. E$"!$t! )! (os #$'((os s! )'s%o$!$ +$os 0(o*+!s )! &#05$ *+! m!)'#$t! +$os !sot!s /#&!$ %!s'5$ so0! !((os %## !st#0(!&! !( &o$t#&to !(7&t'&o $!&!s#'o. Estos 0(o*+!s )! &#05$ s! )!$om'$#$ !s&o0'((#s 4 (os #$'((os ot#to'os !&'0!$ !( $om0! )! &o(!&to. E$ (os moto!s o !$!#)o!s !(7&t'&os s! )!0! !st#0(!&! +$# &o$!;'5$ "'# !$t! (# m-*+'$# &o$ (#s 0o0'$#s )!( oto. P## !sto s! "'#$ )os #$'((os !$ !( !! )! 'o #'s(#)os )! (# !(!&t'&')#) )!( !! 4 &o$!&t#)os # (# 0o0'$# ot#to'# # s+s t!m'$#(!s. E$ "!$t! )! !sto s! !$&+!$t#$ +$os 0(o*+!s )! &#05$ *+! !#('1#$ %!s'5$ # t#,7s )! +$os !sot!s &o$ !( o0!t',o )! !st#0(!&! !( &o$t#&to !(7&t'&o. Estos 0(o*+!s so$ (#s !s&o0'((#s.


Ee. Es +$ !(!m!$to !$&##)o )! +'# !( mo,'m'!$to )! ot#&'5$ )! +$# %'!1# o )! +$ &o$+$to )! !((#s &omo !$ +$# +!)# o !$#$#!.

C$r#$s$ L# &#&#s# !s (# %#t! *+! %ot!! 4 &+0! #( !st#to 4 #( oto !( m#t!'#( !m%(!#)o %## s+ "#0'&#&'5$ )!%!$)! )!( t'%o )! moto )! s+ )'s!o 4 s+ #%('&#&'5$. As3 %+!s (# &#&#s# %+!)! s!: # Tot#(m!$t! &!#)# 0 A0'!t# & A %+!0# )! ot!o ) A %+!0# )! !;%(os'o$!s Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

! D! t'%o s+m!'0(!

B$se L# 0#s! !s !( !(!m!$to !$ )o$)! s! so%ot# to)# (# "+!1# m!&-$'&# )! o%!#&'5$ )!( moto %+!)! s! )! )os t'%os: # B#s! "o$t#( 0 B#s! (#t!#(

C$$ e #o"e/!o"es Po (o !$!#( !$ (# m#4o3# )! (os &#sos (os moto!s !(7&t'&os &+!$t#$ &o$ &## )! &o$!;'o$!s. L# &## )! &o$!;'o$!s !s +$ !(!m!$to *+! %ot!! # (os &o$)+&to!s *+! #('m!$t#$ #( moto !s+#)-$)o(os )! (# o%!#&'5$ m!&-$'&# )!( m'smo 4 &o$t# &+#(*+'! !(!m!$to *+! %+)'!# )##(os.

Co!"etes T#m0'7$ &o$o&')os &omo o)#m'!$tos &o$t'0+4!$ # (# 5%t'm# o%!#&'5$ )! (#s %#t!s '#to'#s )!( moto. S! +t'('1#$ %## sost!$! 4 "'# !!s m!&-$'&os 4 %## !)+&' (# "'&&'5$ (o *+! &o$t'0+4! # (o# *+! s! &o$s+m# m!$os %ot!$&'#. Los &o'$!t!s %+!)!$ )',')'s! !$ )os &(#s!s !$!#(!s: # Co'$!t!s )! )!s('1#m'!$to: O%!#$ (# 0#s! #( %'$&'%'o )! (# %!(3&+(# )! #&!'t! !sto !s *+! !;'st! +$# )!(#)# &#%# )! (+0'&#$t! !$t! (# 0## )!( !! 4 (# s+%!"'&'! )! #%o4o.


0 Co'$!t!s )! o)#m'!$to: S! +t'('1#$ &o$ %!"!!$&'# !$ ,!1 )! (os &o'$!t!s )! )!s('1#m'!$to %o ,#'#s #1o$!s: F

T'!$!$ +$ m!$o &o!"'&'!$t! )! "'&&'5$ !s%!&'#(m!$t! !$ !( ##$*+!.

F

So$ &om%#&tos !$ s+ )'s!o

F

T'!$!$ +$# #(t# %!&'s'5$ )! o%!#&'5$.

F

No s! )!s#st#$ t#$to &omo (os &o'$!t!s )! t'%o )!s('1#$t!.

F

S! !m%(#1#$ "-&'(m!$t! )!0')o # s+s t#m#os !st-$)#!s

C(#s'"'&#&'5$ )! (os moto!s )! &o'!$t! )'!&t# A$t!s )! !$+m!# (os )'"!!$t!s t'%os )! moto!s &o$,'!$! #&(## +$ &o$&!%to 0-s'&o *+! )!0! &o$o&!s! )! +$ moto: !( &o$&!%to )! "+$&'o$#m'!$to &o$ &## 4 "+$&'o$#m'!$to !$ ,#&3o.

U$ moto "+$&'o$# &o$ &## &+#$)o !st- ##st#$)o &+#(*+'! o0!to o so%ot#$)o &+#(*+'! !s'st!$&'# !;t!$# 9(# &## *+! (o o0('# # #0so0! !$!3# m!&-$'&#. Po !!m%(o: +$# 0#t')o# !$&+!$t# !s'st!$&'# &+#$)o 0#t! m#4o$!s#@ !( moto )! +$# 8# so%ot# (#s &##s *+! !(!,# !( %o%'o �(! (os !(!m!$tos m!&-$'&os )! (# 8#@ + moto )! +$ &o&/! !(7&t'&o so%ot# $+m!os#s &##s: !( %!so )! (os %#s#!os !( %!so )!( %o%'o ,!/3&+(o (# !s'st!$&'# *+! o"!&! (# s+%!"'&'! )!( t!!$o

U$ moto "+$&'o$# !$ ,#&3o &+#$)o !( moto $o !st- ##st#$)o $'$8$ o0!to $' so%ot#$)o $'$+$# !s'st!$&'# !;t!$# !( !! !st- '#$)o ('0!m!$t! 4 $o !st&o$!&t#)o # $#)#. E$ !st! &#so !( %# !s'st!$t! s! )!0! 8$'&#m!$t! # "#&to!s '$t!$os.


Los moto!s )! &o'!$t! &o$t'$+# s! &(#s'"'&#$ s!8$ (# "om# )! &o$!;'5$ )! (#s 0o0'$#s '$)+&to#s ! '$)+&')#s !$t! s3.

F

Moto )! !;&'t#&'5$ '$)!%!$)'!$t!.

F

Moto s!'!.

F

Moto )! )!',#&'5$ o moto s/+$t.

F

Moto &om%o+$)

C(#s'"'&#&'5$ )! (os moto!s )! &o'!$t! #(t!$#

Por s' 0e(o#!$ e !ro:

1. As)"#ro"o: So$ #*+!((os moto!s !(7&t'&os !$ (os *+! !( oto $+$&# ((!# # '# !$ (# m'sm# "!&+!$&'# &o$ (# *+! (o /#&! !( &#m%o m#$7t'&o )!( !st#to. C+#$to m#4o !s !( %# moto m#4o !s !st# )'"!!$&'# )! "!&+!$&'#s.

2. Motores S)"#ro"os: So$ #*+!((os moto!s !(7&t'&os !$ (os *+! !( oto $+$&# ((!# # '# !$ (# m'sm# "!&+!$&'# &o$ (# *+! (o /#&! !( &#m%o m#$7t'&o )!( !st#to. C+#$to m#4o !s !( %# moto m#4o !s !st# )'"!!$&'# )! "!&+!$&'#s. Est! moto t'!$! (# &##&t!3st'&# )! *+! s+ ,!(o&')#) )! 'o !s )'!&t#m!$t! %o%o&'o$#( # (# "!&+!$&'# )! (# !) )! &o'!$t! #(t!$# *+! (o #('m!$t#. Es +t'('1#)o !$ #*+!((os &#sos !$ )o$)! s! )!s!# +$# ,!(o&')#) &o$st#$t!.


Por e( t!*o e rotor 1. Motores e $"!((os ro$"tes: Es s'm'(# #( moto t'"-s'&o #+(# )! #)'((# s+ !st#to &o$t'!$! (os 0o0'$#)os *+! !$!#$ !( &#m%o m#$7t'&o '#to'o. E( o0!t',o )!( )'s!o )!( moto )! #$'((os o1#$t!s !s !('m'$# (# &o'!$t! !;&!s',#m!$t! #(t# )!( ##$*+! 4 !( to*+7 !(!,#)o #so&'#)o &o$ !( moto )! #+(# )! #)'((#. C+#$)o !( moto s! ##$&# +$ ,o(t#! !s '$)+&')o !$ !( oto &o$ (# !s'st!$&'# #!#)# )! (# !s'st!$&'# !;t!$# (# &o'!$t! )!( oto 4 %o (o t#$to !( to*+7 %+!)!$ &o$to(#s! "-&'(m!$t!

2. Motores #o" #o(e#tor: Los &o(!&to!s t#m0'7$ so$ ((#m#)os #$'((os ot#to'os so$ &om8$m!$t! /#((#)os !$ m-*+'$#s !(7&t'&#s )! &o'!$t! #(t!$# &omo !$!#)o!s #(t!$#)o!s t+0'$#s )! ,'!$to !$ (#s &+#(!s &o$!&t# (#s &o'!$t!s )! &#m%o o !;&'t#&'5$ &o$ !( 0o0'$#)o )!( oto. • •

•

•

P+!)!$ !$t!# #(t# %ot!$&'# &o$ )'m!$s'o$!s 4 %!so !)+&')os. P+!)!$ so%ot# &o$s')!#0(!s so0!&##s t!m%o#(!s s'$ )!t!$!s! &om%(!t#m!$t!. S! #)#%t#$ # (#s so0!&##s )'sm'$+4!$)o (# ,!(o&')#) )! ot#&'5$ s'$ !;&!s',o &o$s+mo !(7&t'&o. Po)+&!$ +$ !(!,#)o to*+! )! "+$&'o$#m'!$to.

3. Motores e $'($ e $r!(($: U$ moto !(7&t'&o &o$ +$ oto )! #+(# )! #)'((# t#m0'7$ s! ((#m# moto )! #+(# )! #)'((#. E$ s+ "om# '$st#(#)# !s +$ &'('$)o mo$t#)o !$ +$ !!. I$t!$#m!$t! &o$t'!$! 0##s &o$)+&to#s (o$'t+)'$#(!s )! #(+m'$'o o )! &o0! &o$ s+&os 4 &o$!&t#)os +$tos !$ #m0os !;t!mos %o$'!$)o !$ &oto&'&+'to (os #$'((os *+! "om#$ (# #+(#. E( $om0! s! )!',# )! (# s!m!#$1# !$t! !st# #+(# )! #$'((os 4 0##s 4 (# +!)# )! +$ /-mst! 9+!)#s %o0#0(!m!$t! s'm'(#!s !;'st!$ %## (#s #)'((#s )om7st'&#s.

Por s' "4+ero e 5$ses e $(!+e"t$#!6": Motores +o"o57s!#os


<+!o$ (os %'m!os moto!s +t'('1#)os !$ (# '$)+st'#. C+#$)o !st! t'%o )! moto!s !st!$ o%!#&'5$ )!s#o((# +$ &#m%o m#$7t'&o ot#to'o %!o #$t!s )! *+! '$'&'! (# ot#&'5$ !( !st#to %o)+&! +$ &#m%o !st#&'o$#'o %+(s#$t!. P## %o)+&' +$ &#m%o ot#to'o 4 +$ %# )! ##$*+! s! )!0! t!$! +$ )!,#$#)o #+;'('# )!s"#s#)o  &o$ !s%!&to #( )!,#$#)o %'$&'%#(. U$# ,!1 *+! !( moto /# ##$&#)o !( )!,#$#)o #+;'('# s! )!s&o$!&t# )!( &'&+'to. D!0')o # *+! +$ moto )! &o'!$t! #(t!$# 9C.A. mo$o"-s'&o t'!$! )'"'&+(t#)!s %## ##$&# !st- &o$st't+')o )! )os +%os )! )!,#$#)os: E( %'m! +%o s! &o$o&! &omo !( )!,#$#)o %'$&'%#( o )! t#0#o 4 !( s!+$)o s! (! &o$o&! &omo )!,#$#)o #+;'('# o )! ##$*+!. Los )!,#$#)os )'"'!!$ !$t! s3 "3s'&# 4 !(7&t'&#m!$t!. E( )!,#$#)o )! t#0#o !st- "om#)o )! &o$)+&to +!so 4 t'!$! m-s !s%'#s *+! !( )!,#$#)o )! ##$*+!. Es 'm%ot#$t! s!#(# *+! !( s!$t')o )! 'o )! (#s 0o0'$#s '$,o(+&# (# %o(#')#) m#$7t'&# &o!s%o$)'!$t! &omo %+!)! ,!s! !$ (# "'+#

Motores tr!57s!#os Los moto!s t'"-s'&os +s+#(m!$t! so$ m-s +t'('1#)os !$ (# '$)+st'# 4# *+! !$ !( s'st!m# t'"-s'&o s! !$!# +$ &#m%o m#$7t'&o ot#to'o !$ t!s "#s!s #)!m-s )! *+! !( s!$t')o )! (# ot#&'5$ )!( &#m%o !$ +$ moto t'"-s'&o %+!)! &#m0'#s! '$,'t'!$)o )os %+$t#s &+#(!s*+'!# )!( !st#to (o &+#( )!s%(#1# (#s "#s!s )! m#$!# *+! !( &#m%o m#$7t'&o '# !$ )'!&&'5$ o%+!st#.

T!*os 8 #$r$#ter)st!#$s Los moto!s t'"-s'&os s! +s#$ %## #&&'o$# m-*+'$#s/!#m'!$t#s 0om0#s !(!,#)o!s ,!$t'(#)o!s so%(#)o!s 4 m+&/#s ot#s m-*+'$#s. B-s'&#m!$t! !st-$ &o$st+')os )! t!s %#t!s !s!$&'#(!s: Est#to oto 4 t#%#s. E( !st#to &o$s'st! )! +$ m#&o o &#&#s# 4 +$ $8&(!o (#m'$#)o )! #&!o #( s'('&'o #s3 &omo +$ )!,#$#)o "om#)o %o 0o0'$#s '$)',')+#(!s &o(o&#)#s !$ s+s #$+#s. B-s'&#m!$t! so$ )! )os t'%os: F D! #+(# )! #)'((#. F D! oto )!,#$#)o

Los Motores U"!0ers$(es: T'!$!$ (# "om# )! +$ moto )! &o'!$t! &o$t'$+# (# %'$&'%#( )'"!!$&'# !s *+! !st)'s!#)o %## "+$&'o$# &o$ &o'!$t! &o$t'$+# 4 &o'!$t! #(t!$#. E( '$&o$,!$'!$t! )! !st! t'%o )! moto!s !s s+ !"'&'!$&'# 4# *+! !s 0## 9)!( o)!$ )!( Q= %!o &omo s! Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

+t'('1#$ !$ m-*+'$#s )! %!*+!# %ot!$&'# 7st# $o s! &o$s')!# 'm%ot#$t! #)!m-s s+ o%!#&'5$ )!0! s! '$t!m't!$t! )! (o &o$t#'o 7st! s! *+!m#3#. Estos moto!s so$ +t'('1#)os !$ t#(#)os #s%'#)o#s ('&+#)o#s !t&.

2.2 MOTOR DE COMBUSTION INTERNA. U$ moto )! &om0+st'5$ '$t!$# moto # !;%(os'5$ o moto # %'st5$ !s +$ t'%o )! m-*+'$# *+! o0t'!$! !$!3# m!&-$'&# )'!&t#m!$t! )! (# !$!3# *+3m'&# )! +$ &om0+st'0(! *+! #)! )!$to )! (# &-m## )! &om0+st'5$. S+ $om0! s! )!0! # *+! )'&/# &om0+st'5$ s! %o)+&! )!$to )! (# %o%'# m-*+'$# # )'"!!$&'# )! %o !!m%(o (# m-*+'$# )! ,#%o.

T!*os *r!"#!*$(es F A(t!$#t',os. E( moto )! !;%(os'5$ &'&(o Otto !s !( moto &o$,!$&'o$#( )! #so('$# E( moto )'7s!( ((#m#)o #s3 !$ /o$o )!( '$!$'!o #(!m-$ $#&')o !$ <#$&'# R+)o(" D'7s!( "+$&'o$# &o$ +$ %'$&'%'o )'"!!$t! 4 s+!(! &o$s+m' #s5(!o. F L# t+0'$# )! #s. F E( moto ot#to'o. F E( C'&(o At'$so$. ∼ ∼

PRINCIPIO DE FUNCIONAMIENTO 9 CINEMTICA DEL MOTOR U$ moto )! &om0+st'5$ '$t!$# 0#s# s+ "+$&'o$#m'!$to &omo s+ $om0! (o '$)'&# !$ !( *+!m#)o )! +$# m!1&(# &om%'m')# )! #'! 4 &om0+st'0(! )!$to )! +$# &-m## &!#)# o &'('$)o &o$ !( "'$ )! '$&!m!$t# (# %!s'5$ 4 !$!# &o$ s+"'&'!$t! %ot!$&'# !( mo,'m'!$to ('$!#( #(t!$#t',o )!( %'st5$ 9,! "'+# .=.


Moto )! &om0+st'5$ '$t!$#

Est! mo,'m'!$to !s t#$sm't')o %o m!)'o )! (# 0'!(# #( !! %'$&'%#( )!( moto o &'!#( )o$)! s! &o$,'!t! !$ mo,'m'!$to ot#t',o !( &+#( s! t#$sm't! # (os m!&#$'smos )! t#$sm's'5$ )! %ot!$&'# 9&## )! ,!(o&')#)!s !!s )'"!!$&'#( !t&. 4 "'$#(m!$t! # (#s +!)#s &o$ (# %ot!$&'# $!&!s#'# %## )!s%(#1# !( ,!/3&+(o # (# ,!(o&')#) )!s!#)# 4 &o$ (# &## *+! s! $!&!s't! t#$s%ot#. M!)'#$t! !( %o&!so )! (# &om0+st'5$ )!s#o((#)o !$ !( &'('$)o (# !$!3# *+3m'&# &o$t!$')# !$ !( &om0+st'0(! !s t#$s"om#)# %'m!o !$ !$!3# &#(o3"'&# %#t! )! (# &+#( s! t#$s"om# !$ !$!3# &'$7t'&# 9mo,'m'!$to (# *+! # s+ ,!1 s! &o$,'!t! !$ t#0#o 8t'( #%('�(! # (#s +!)#s %o%+(so#s@ (# ot# %#t! s! )'s'%# !$ !( s'st!m# )! !"'!#&'5$ 4 !( s'st!m# )! !s&#%! !$ !( #&&'o$#m'!$to )! #&&!so'os 4 !$ %7)')#s %o "'&&'5$. E$ !st! t'%o )! moto !s %!&'so %!%## (# m!1&(# )! #'! 4 &om0+st'0(! &o$,!$'!$t!m!$t! )os'"'&#)# (o &+#( s! !#('1#0# #$t!s !$ !( &#0+#)o 4 !$ (# #&t+#(')#) &o$ (os '$4!&to!s !$ (os s'st!m#s &o$ &o$to( !(!&t5$'&o. D!s%+7s )! '$to)+&' (# m!1&(# !$ !( &'('$)o !s $!&!s#'o %o,o&# (# &om0+st'5$ !$ (# &-m## )! )!( &'('$)o %o m!)'o )! +$# &/'s%# )! #(t# t!$s'5$ *+! (# %o%o&'o$# !( s'st!m# )! !$&!$)')o.

E( *r!"#!*!o e 5'"#!o"$+!e"to e '" +otor e #o+-'st!6" !"ter"$ E$ +$ moto !( %'st5$ s! !$&+!$t# +0'&#)o )!$to )!( &'('$)o &+4#s %#!)!s (! !st'$!$ !( mo,'m'!$to (#t!#( %!m't'!$)o so(#m!$t! +$ )!s%(#1#m'!$to ('$!#( Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

#(t!$#t',o !$t! !( %+$to m+!to s+%!'o 9PMS 4 !( %+$to m+!to '$"!'o 9PMI@ # )'&/o )!s%(#1#m'!$to s! (! )!$om'$# &#!# 9,! "'+# .2.

T#$to !( mo,'m'!$to )!( %'st5$ &omo (# %!s'5$ !!&')# %o (# !$!3# ('0!#)# !$ !( %o&!so )! &om0+st'5$ so$ t#$sm't')os %o (# 0'!(# #( &'!#( 9,! "'+# .2. Est! 8(t'mo !s +$ !! #s!+#)o %o (os #%o4os )! 0#$&#)# #( 0(o*+! )!( moto 4 &o$ +$os )!s&!$t#m'!$tos !$ &+#(!s s! #%o4#$ (#s 0'!(#s *+! so$ (os *+! %!m't!$ *+! !( mo,'m'!$to ('$!#( )!( %'st5$ t#$sm't')o %o (# 0'!(# s! t#$s"om! !$ +$ mo,'m'!$to &'&+(# )!( &'!#(. Est! mo,'m'!$to &'&+(# )!0! !st# s'$&o$'1#)o %'$&'%#(m!$t! &o$ !( s'st!m# )! !$&!$)')o 4 &o$ !( s'st!m# ,#(,+(# &om%+!sto %'$&'%#(m!$t! %o !( &o$+$to )! ,-(,+(#s )! #)m's'5$ 4 )! !s&#%! &+4# "+$&'5$ !s (# )! s!,' )! &om%+!t# %## %!m't' (# !$t#)# )! m!1&(# 4 (# s#(')# )! #s!s )! !s&#%! 9,! "'+# .?. Nom#(m!$t! (#s ,-(,+(#s )! !s&#%! so$ #(!#)#s &o$ &omo &o$ %!*+!#s #)'&'o$!s )! $3*+!( m#$#$!so 4 $'t5!$o %## '$&!m!$t# (# !s'st!$&'# # (# o;')#&'5$ )!0')o # (#s #(t#s t!m%!#t+#s # (#s *+! t#0##$ 4 #( &o$t#&to &oos',o )! (os #s!s )! !s&#%!.


Motores A(ter"$t!0os C($s!5!#$#!6" e (os $(ter"$t!0os se4" e( #!#(o ∼ ∼

D! )os t'!m%os 92T: !"!&t8#$ +$# &#!# 8t'( )! t#0#o !$ &#)# 'o. D! &+#to t'!m%os 9T: !"!&t8#$ +$# &#!# 8t'( )! t#0#o &#)# )os 'os.

E( #!#(o e 5'"#!o"$+!e"to te6r!#o e #'$tro t!e+*os C#s' to)os (os #+tom5,'(!s )! /o4 +t'('1#$ (o *+! !s ((#m#)o +$ &'&(o )! &om0+st'5$ )! &+#to t'!m%os %## &o$,!t' #so('$# # mo,'m'!$to. E( &'&(o )! &+#to t'!m%os t#m0'7$ !s &o$o&')o &omo &'&(o )! OTTO !$ /o$o # N'o(#+s Otto. Estos so$: =. A)m's'5$: E( %'st5$ 0## !$ !( mom!$to !$ *+! (# ,-(,+(# )! #)m's'5$ s! #0! %!m't'!$)o !( '$!so )! (# m!1&(# #'!#so('$#. 2. Com%!s'5$: E( %'st5$ s+0! &om%'m'!$)o (# m!1&(# #'!#so('$# (#s )os ,-(,+(#s !st-$ &!#)#s. ?. E;%(os'5$: E( %'st5$ ((!# #( m-;'mo )! s+ !&o')o TDC (# 0+3# !$t!# (# &/'s%# s! %o)+&! (# !;%(os'5$ 4 !( %'st5$ !s 'm%+(s#)o /#&'# #0#o. . Es&#%!: E( %'st5$ s+0! $+!,#m!$t! %!o !st# ,!1 (# ,-(,+(# )! !s&#%! s! !$&+!$t# #0'!t# %!m't'!$)o (# s#(')# )! (os #s!s *+!m#)os. F


A*(!#$#!o"es +7s #o+'"es. L#s )'"!!$t!s ,#'#$t!s )! (os )os &'&(os t#$to !$ )'7s!( &omo !$ #so('$# t'!$!$ &#)# +$o s+ -m0'to )! #%('&#&'5$. 2T $so(!"$: t+,o #$ #%('&#&'5$ !$ (#s moto&'&(!t#s moto!s )! +(t#('!os 9ULM 4 moto!s m#'$os "+!#0o)# /#st# +$# &'!t# &'('$)#)# /#0'!$)o %!)')o m+&/o t!!$o !$ !st! &#m%o %o (#s $om#s #$t'&o$t#m'$#&'5$. & A)!m-s )! !$ (#s &'('$)#)#s m3$'m#s )! &'&(omoto!s 4 s&oot!s 9Q&& s5(o moto!s m+4 %!*+!os &omo motos'!#s 4 %!*+!os +%os !(!&t5!$os s'+!$ ((!,-$)o(o. ;T $so(!"$: )om'$# !$ (#s #%('&#&'o$!s !$ moto&'&(!t#s )! to)#s (#s &'('$)#)#s #+tom5,'(!s #,'#&'5$ )!%ot',# 4 "+!# 0o)#. 2T !,se(: )om'$# !$ (#s #%('&#&'o$!s $#,#(!s )! #$ %ot!$&'# /#st# = CV /o4 )3# t#&&'5$ "!o,'#'#. E$ s+ )3# s! +s5 !$ #,'#&'5$ &o$ &'!to 7;'to. ;T !,se(: )om'$# !$ !( t#$s%ot! t!!st! #+tom5,'(!s #%('&#&'o$!s $#,#(!s /#st# +$# &'!t# %ot!$&'#. Em%'!1# # #%#!&! !$ (# #,'#&'5$ )!%ot',#.

∼

∼

∼

∼

Estr'#t'r$ 8 5'"#!o"$+!e"to Los moto!s Otto 4 (os )'7s!( t'!$!$ (os m'smos !(!m!$tos %'$&'%#(!s 90(o*+! &'!#( 0'!(# %'st5$ &+(#t# ,-(,+(#s 4 otos !s%!&3"'&os )! &#)# +$o &omo (# Bom0# )! '$4!&&'5$ )! #(t# %!s'5$ !$ (os )'7s!( o #$t'+#m!$t! !( &#0+#)o !$ (os Otto. C7+$r$ e #o+-'st!6" L# &-m## )! &om0+st'5$ !s +$ &'('$)o %o (o !$!#( "'o &!#)o !$ +$ !;t!mo 4 )!$to )!( &+#( s! )!s('1# +$ %'st5$ m+4 #+st#)o #( &'('$)o. L# %os'&'5$ /#&'# )!$to 4 /#&'# "+!# )!( %'st5$ mo)'"'&# !( ,o(+m!$ *+! !;'st! !$t! (# &## '$t!'o )!( %'st5$ 4 (#s %#!)!s )! (# &-m##. L# &## !;t!'o )!( %'st5$ !st- +$')# %o +$# 0'!(# #( &'!#( *+! &o$,'!t! !$ mo,'m'!$to ot#to'o !( mo,'m'!$to ('$!#( )!( %'st5$. E$ (os moto!s )! ,#'os &'('$)os !( &'!#( t'!$! +$# %os'&'5$ )! %#t')# ((#m#)# !s%'# )! &'!#( 4 &o$!&t#)# # &#)# !! &o$ (o *+! (# !$!3# %o)+&')# %o &#)# &'('$)o s! #%('&# #( &'!#( !$ +$ %+$to )!t!m'$#)o )! (# ot#&'5$. Los &'!#(!s &+!$t#$ &o$ %!s#)os ,o(#$t!s 4 &o$t#%!sos &+4# '$!&'# !)+&! (# '!+(#')#) )!( mo,'m'!$to )!( !!. U$ moto #(t!$#t',o %+!)! t!$! )! = # 2> &'('$)os. S!ste+$ e $(!+e"t$#!6" Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

E( s'st!m# )! #('m!$t#&'5$ )! &om0+st'0(! )! +$ moto Otto &o$st# )! +$ )!%5s'to +$# 0om0# )! &om0+st'0(! 4 +$ )'s%os't',o )os'"'&#)o )! &om0+st'0(!. +! ,#%o'1# o #tom'1# !( &om0+st'0(! )!s)! !( !st#)o (3*+')o !$ (#s %o%o&'o$!s &o!&t#s %## %o)! s! *+!m#)o. S! ((#m# &#0+#)o #( )'s%os't',o *+! /#st# #/o# ,!$3# s'!$)o +t'('1#)o &o$ !st! "'$ !$ (os moto!s Otto. A/o# (os s'st!m#s )! '$4!&&'5$ )! &om0+st'0(! (o /#$ s+st't+')o %o &om%(!to %o mot',os m!)'o#m0'!$t#(!s. S+ m#4o %!&'s'5$ !$ !( )os#! )! &om0+st'0(! '$4!&t#)o !)+&! (#s !m's'o$!s )! CO2 4 #s!+#$ +$# m!1&(# m-s !st#0(!.

C#0+#)o )! mo$o&+!%o

E$ (os moto!s )'7s!( s! )os'"'&# !( &om0+st'0(! #so'( )! m#$!# $o %o%o&'o$#( #( #'! *+! !$t# s'$o !$ "+$&'5$ )!( m#$)o )! #&!(!#&'5$ 4 !( 7'm!$ moto 9m!&#$'smo )! !+(#&'5$ m!)'#$t! +$# 0om0# )! '$4!&&'5$ )! &om0+st'0(!.

Bom0# )! '$4!&&'5$ )! &om0+st'0(! !$ (3$!#. E$ (os moto!s )! ,#'os &'('$)os !( &om0+st'0(! ,#%o'1#)o s! ((!,# (os &'('$)os # t#,7s )! +$ t+0o #m'"'&#)o ((#m#)o &o(!&to )! #)m's'5$. L# m#4o %#t! )! (os moto!s &+!$t#$ &o$ +$ &o(!&to )! !s&#%! o )! !;%+(s'5$ *+! t#$s%ot# "+!# )!( ,!/3&+(o 4 #mot'+# !( +')o )! (os #s!s %o)+&')os !$ (# &om0+st'5$.

S!ste+$ e !str!-'#!6" C#)# &'('$)o tom# !( &om0+st'0(! 4 !;%+(s# (os #s!s # t#,7s )! ,-(,+(#s )! �!1#( o ,-(,+(#s )!s('1#$t!s. U$ m+!((! m#$t'!$! &!#)#s (#s ,-(,+(#s /#st# *+! s! #0!$ !$ !( mom!$to #)!&+#)o #( #&t+# (#s (!,#s )! +$ Á0o( )! (!,#s ot#to'o mo,')o %o !( &'!#( !st#$)o !( &o$+$to &oo)'$#)o m!)'#$t! (# &#)!$# o (# &o!# )! )'st'0+&'5$. H# /#0')o otos )',!sos s'st!m#s )! )'st'0+&'5$ !$t! !((os (# )'st'0+&'5$ %o &#m's# &o!)!# 9s(!!,!,#(,!. Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

D!s&'%&'5$ )! V-(,+(#s 4 -0o( )! (!,#s.

Re5r!er$#!6" e" +otores e #o+-'st!6" !"ter"$ D#)o *+! (# &om0+st'5$ %o)+&! &#(o to)os (os moto!s )!0!$ )'s%o$! )! #(8$ t'%o )! s'st!m# )! !"'!#&'5$. A(+$os moto!s !st#&'o$#'os )! #+tom5,'(!s 4 )! #,'o$!s 4 (os moto!s "+!#0o)# s! !"'!#$ &o$ #'!. Los &'('$)os )! (os moto!s *+! +t'('1#$ !st! s'st!m# &+!$t#$ !$ !( !;t!'o &o$ +$ &o$+$to )! (-m'$#s )! m!t#( *+! !m't!$ !( &#(o %o)+&')o )!$to )!( &'('$)o. E$ otos moto!s s! +t'('1# !"'!#&'5$ %o #+# (o *+! 'm%('&# *+! (os &'('$)os s! !$&+!$t#$ )!$to )! +$# &#&#s# ((!$# )! #+# *+! !$ (os #+tom5,'(!s s! /#&! &'&+(# m!)'#$t! +$# 0om0#. E( #+# s! !"'!# #( %#s# %o (#s (-m'$#s )! +$ #)'#)o. S!ste+$ e $rr$"<'e A( &o$t#'o *+! (os moto!s 4 (#s t+0'$#s )! ,#%o (os moto!s )! &om0+st'5$ '$t!$# $o %o)+&!$ +$ %# )! "+!1#s &+#$)o ##$&#$ 9,7#s! Mom!$to )! "+!1# (o *+! 'm%('&# *+! )!0! %o,o&#s! !( mo,'m'!$to )!( &'!#( %## *+! s! %+!)# '$'&'# !( &'&(o. Los moto!s )! #+tomo&'5$ +t'('1#$ +$ moto !(7&t'&o 9!( moto )! ##$*+! &o$!&t#)o #( &'!#( %o +$ !m0#+! #+tom-t'&o *+! s! )!s#&o%(# !$ &+#$to ##$&# !( moto. Po oto (#)o #(+$os moto!s %!*+!os s! ##$&#$ # m#$o '#$)o !( &'!#( &o$ +$# &#)!$# o t'#$)o )! +$# &+!)# *+! s! !$o((# #(!)!)o )!( ,o(#$t! )!( &'!#(.

2.3 OTROS DISPOSITI=OS EMPLEADOS PARA EL ACCIONAMIENTO DE E>UIPO DE BOMBEO V-(,+(#s U$# ,-(,+(# s! %+!)! )!"'$' &omo +$ #%##to m!&-$'&o &o$ !( &+#( s! %+!)! '$'&'# )!t!$! o !+(# (# &'&+(#&'5$ 9%#so )! (3*+')os o #s!s m!)'#$t! +$# %'!1# mo,'0(! *+! #0! &'!# + o0st+4! !$ "om# %#&'#( +$o o m-s o'"'&'os o &o$)+&tos. L#s ,-(,+(#s so$ +$os )! (os '$st+m!$tos )! &o$to( m-s !s!$&'#(!s !$ (# '$)+st'#. D!0')o # s+ )'s!o 4 m#t!'#(!s (#s ,-(,+(#s %+!)!$ #0' 4 &!# &o$!&t# 4 )!s&o$!&t# !+(# mo)+(# o #'s(# +$# !$om! s!'! )! (3*+')os 4 #s!s )!s)! (os m-s s'm%(!s /#st# (os m-s &oos',os o t5;'&os. S+s t#m#os ,#$ )!s)! +$# "#&&'5$ )! %+(#)# /#st# ? "t 9 m o m-s )! )'-m!to. P+!)!$ t#0## &o$ %!s'o$!s *+! ,#$ )!s)! !( ,#&'5 /#st# m-s )! 2 (0'$ 9= M%# 4 t!m%!#t+#s )!s)! (#s &'o7$'&#s


/#st# =Q < 9>=Q C. E$ #(+$#s '$st#(#&'o$!s s! !*+'!! +$ s!((#)o #0so(+to@ !$ ot#s (#s "+#s o !s&+'m'!$tos $o t'!$!$ 'm%ot#$&'#. L# %#(#0# "(+o !;%!s# !( mo,'m'!$to )! +$ "(+')o %!o t#m0'7$ s'$'"'&# %## $osotos (# &#$t')#) tot#( )! "(+')o *+! /# %#s#)o %o +$# s!&&'5$ )! t!m'$#)# )! +$ &o$)+&to. C#+)#( !s !( "(+o %o +$')#) )! t'!m%o@ !s )!&' (# &#$t')#) )! "(+')o *+! &'&+(# %o +$# s!&&'5$ )!t!m'$#)# )!( &o$)+&to !$ (# +$')#) )! t'!m%o. C($ses e 07(0'($s *or 5'"#!6" e5!"!$ 8 'sos +7s #o+'"es E( t'%o )! ,-(,+(# )!%!$)!- )! (# "+$&'5$ *+! )!0! !"!&t+# )'&/# ,-(,+(#: D! &'!!9 0(o*+!o D! !st#$+(#&'5$ P## 'm%!)' !( "(+o '$,!so 9 )! !t!$&'5$

• • •

De -(o<'eo o #!erre so": =7(0'($s e #o+*'ert$: R!s'st!$&'# m3$'m# #( "(+')o )! (# t+0!3#. S! +t'('1# tot#(m!$t! #0'!t# o &!#)#. A&&'o$#m'!$to %o&o "!&+!$t!. =7(0'($s e +$#?o: C'!! /!m7t'&o. D!0!$ !st# #0'!t#s o &!#)#s )!( to)o. =7(0'($s e -o($: No /#4 o0st+&&'5$ #( "(+o. S! +t'('1# %## (3*+')os ,'s&osos 4 %#st#s #+#)#s. S! +t'('1# tot#(m!$t! #0'!t# o &!#)#. =7(0'($s e +$r!*os$: S+ +so %'$&'%#( !s &'!! 4 !st#$+(#&'5$ )! #$)!s ,o(8m!$!s )! #s!s 4 (3*+')os #0## %!s'5$. S+ )'s!o )! )'s&o #0'!to !&t'(3$!o !,'t# &+#(*+'! #&+m+(#&'5$ )! s5(')os@ (# )# )! %!s'5$ !s m+4 %!*+!#.

•

• •

•

De estr$"'($#!6": •

•

•

•

•

=7(0'($s e (o-o: So$ %## +so %o&o "!&+!$t!. C'!! %os't',o. E( #s'!$to s+!(! !st# %##(!(o &o$ !( s!$t')o )!( "(+o@ %o)+&! !s'st!$&'# 4 )# )! %!s'5$ &o$s')!#0(!s. =7(0'($s e $'$: So$ 0-s'&#m!$t! ,-(,+(#s )! (o0o *+! t'!$! +$ m#&/o &5$'&o s'm'(# # +$# #+# *+! #+st# &o$ %!&'s'5$ !$ s+ #s'!$to. S! %+!)! t!$! !st#$+(#&'5$ !;#&t# )! ,o(8m!$!s %!*+!os %o*+! !( o'"'&'o "om#)o !$t! !( m#&/o &5$'&o 4 #( #s'!$to &5$'&o s! %+!)! ,#'# # '$t!,#(os %!*+!os 4 %!&'sos. =7(0'($s e" 9: So$ ,-(,+(#s )! (o0o *+! %!m't!$ !( %#so !&t'(3$!o 4 s'$ o0st+&&'5$ '+#( *+! (#s ,-(,+(#s )! &om%+!t#. =7(0'($s e 7"'(o: So$ s'm'(#!s # (#s )! (o0o s+ )'"!!$&'# %'$&'%#( !s *+! !( "(+o )!( "(+')o /#&! +$ 'o )!  =7(0'($s e +$r!*os$: T#0##$ # %!s'o$!s )! =Q %s' /#st# !( ,#&3o.

De rete"#!6"


Est! t'%o )! ,-(,+(# #&t8# !$ "om# #+tom-t'&# #$t! (os &#m0'os )! %!s'5$ %## !,'t# *+! s! '$,'!t# !( "(+o &omo (# ,-(,+(# )! &/!*+! %o !!m%(o. E$ #m%('# #m# )! %o&!sos !( '$!$'!o s! !$&+!$t# &o$ !( %o0(!m# )! s!(!&&'o$# +$ )'s%os't',o )! )!s#/oo %## +$# s't+#&'5$ !s%!&3"'&#@ /#4 !$to$&!s )'s%o$'0(!s )',!sos t'%os )! !((os. A+$*+! $'$+$o !s #)!&+#)o %## to)os (os s!,'&'os. C#)# +$o !s ')5$!o %## +$# #%('&#&'5$ %#t'&+(#. E( t7m'$o ,-(,+(# )! )!s#/oo s! #%('&# !$ &+#(*+'! t'%o )! )'s%os't',o %## !st! "'$. E$ t7m'$os !st'&tos s! )!0! #%('&# # +$# ,-(,+(# )'s!#)# %## s!,'&'os &o$ (3*+')os@ &#s' to)#s !st#s ,-(,+(#s so$ %!*+!#s. L#s ,-(,+(#s )! )!s#/oo s! +t'('1#$ !$ (# )!s&## )! (#s 0om0#s %## (# )'(#t#&'5$ t7m'&# )!( (3*+')o !$ t+0!3#s *+! s! %+!)!$ o0st+' o *+! !st-$ !;%+!st#s # (# #)'#&'5$ so(# + ot#s "+!$t!s )! &#(o. Est#s ,-(,+(#s $o s+!(!$ s! #)!&+#)#s %## s!,'&'o &o$ %o(3m!os %o*+! 7stos t'!$)!$ # s!)'m!$t#s! 4 # o0st+' o %!# (# ,-(,+(#.

BRIDAS B')# !s !( !(!m!$to *+! +$! )os &om%o$!$t!s )! +$ s'st!m# )! t+0!3#s %!m't'!$)o s! )!smo$t#)o s'$ o%!#&'o$!s )!st+&t',#s #&'#s # +$# &'&+$"!!$&'# )! #+!os # t#,7s )! (os &+#(!s s! mo$t#$ %!$os )! +$'5$. L#s 0')#s so$ #*+!((os !(!m!$tos )! (# (3$!# )! t+0!3#s )!st'$#)os # %!m't' (# +$'5$ )! (#s %#t!s *+! &o$"om#$ !st# '$st#(#&'5$ 4# s!#$ t+0!3# ,-(,+(#s 0om0#s + oto !*+'%o *+! "om! %#t! )! !st#s '$st#(#&'o$!s. L# 0')# !s +$ !(!m!$to *+! %+!)! %o,!!s! &omo +$# %#t! s!%##)# o ,!$' +$')# )!s)! "#0'&# # +$ !(!m!$to %## s+ '$st#(#&'5$ 4# s!# +$# ,-(,+(# o +$ t+0o !t&. E;'st! +$# )',!s')#) )! )'s!os )'m!$s'o$!s m#t!'#(!s 4 $om#s )! "#0'&#&'5$ L# 0')# t'!$! +$ %o&!so )! "#0'&#&'5$ 4 %o)+&&'5$ m+4 )'st'$to )! +$# &#!3#. L+!o )! s! "#0'&#)#s (#s 0')#s )!0!$ +$'s! # (#s &#!3#s %## %!m't' +$' t#mos )! &#!3#s !$t! s3 o +$' t#mos )! &#!3#s # ot#s '$st#(#&'o$!s.

U$'5$ B')#)# E;'st!$ )',!sos t'%os )! +$'o$!s !$t! (#s 0')#s 4 (#s &#!3#s. Est-s %+!)!$ s! so()#)#s os&#)#s o $o t!$! +$'5$ m!&-$'&# #(+$# !$t! (# 0')# 4 (# &#!3# &omo !( &#so )! (#s 0')#s L#% Jo'$t. Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

T!*os e Br!$$s •

B')#s &o$ &+!((o %## so()# 9!()'$ $!&

•

B')#s )!s('1#$t!s 9s('%o$

•

B')#s &'!#s 90('$)

•

B')#s &o$ #s'!$to %## so()# 9so&!t !()'$

•

B')#s %## +$t# &o$ so(#%# 9(#%o'$t

•

B')#s )! o'"'&'o

A#t'$ores. U$ #&t+#)o !s +$ )'s%os't',o &#%#1 )! t#$s"om# !$!3# /')-+('&# $!+m-t'&# o !(7&t'&# !$ (# #&t',#&'5$ )! +$ %o&!so &o$ (# "'$#(')#) )! !$!# +$ !"!&to so0! +$ %o&!so #+tom#t'1#)o. Est! !&'0! (# o)!$ )! +$ !+(#)o o &o$to(#)o 4 !$ "+$&'5$ # !((# !$!# (# o)!$ %## #&t',# +$ !(!m!$to "'$#( )! &o$to( &omo %o !!m%(o +$# ,-(,+(#. E;'st!$ ,#'os t'%os )! #&t+#)o!s &omo so$: E(!&t5$'&os H')-+('&os N!+m-t'&os E(7&t'&os • • • •

Los #&t+#)o!s /')-+('&os $!+m-t'&os 4 !(7&t'&os so$ +s#)os %## m#$!# #%##tos m!&#t5$'&os. Po (o !$!#( (os #&t+#)o!s /')-+('&os s! !m%(!#$ &+#$)o (o *+! s! $!&!s't# !s %ot!$&'# 4 (os $!+m-t'&os so$ s'm%(!s %os'&'o$#m'!$tos. S'$ !m0#o (os /')-+('&os !*+'!!$ m+&/o !*+'%o %## s+m'$'sto )! !$!3# #s3 &omo )! m#$t!$'m'!$to %!'5)'&o. Po oto (#)o (#s #%('&#&'o$!s )! (os mo)!(os $!+m-t'&os t#m0'7$ so$ ('m't#)#s )!s)! !( %+$to )! ,'st# )! %!&'s'5$ 4 m#$t!$'m'!$to.

A#t'$ores e(e#tr6"!#os Los #&t+#)o!s !(!&t5$'&os t#m0'7$ so$ m+4 +t'('1#)os !$ (os #%##tos m!&#t5$'&os &omo %o !!m%(o !$ (os o0ots. Los s!,omoto!s CA s'$ !s&o0'((#s s! +t'('1#-$ !$ !( Ing. Petrolera 6 A Luis Manuel Castillo Jesus

"+t+o &omo #&t+#)o!s )! %os'&'o$#m'!$to %!&'so )!0')o # (# )!m#$)# )! "+$&'o$#m'!$to s'$ t#$t#s /o#s )! m#$t!$'m'!$to. A#t'$ores ?!r7'(!#os Los #&t+#)o!s /')-+('&os *+! so$ (os )! m#4o #$t'!)#) %+!)!$ s! &(#s'"'&#)os )! #&+!)o &o$ (# "om# )! o%!#&'5$ "+$&'o$#$ so0! (# 0#s! )! "(+')os # %!s'5$. E;'st!$ t!s #$)!s +%os: C'('$)o /')-+('&o C'('$)o )! %!s'5$ )'$-m'&# C'('$)o )! s'm%(! !"!&to C'('$)o )! )o0(! !"!&to C'('$)o t!(!s&5%'&o Moto H')-+('&o Moto H')-+('&o )! os&'(#&'5$. •

∼ ∼ ∼ ∼

• •

A#t'$ores "e'+7t!#os A (os m!&#$'smos *+! &o$,'!t!$ (# !$!3# )!( #'! &om%'m')o !$ t#0#o m!&-$'&o s! (!s )!$om'$# #&t+#)o!s $!+m-t'&os. A+$*+! !$ !s!$&'# so$ ')7$t'&os # (os #&t+#)o!s /')-+('&os !( #$o )! &om%!s'5$ !s m!$o !$ !st! &#so #)!m-s )! *+! /#4 +$# %!*+!# )'"!!$&'# !$ &+#$to #( +so 4 !$ (o *+! s! !"'!! # (# !st+&t+# mot',#)o # *+! (os !(!m!$tos )! s+m'$'sto )! !$!3# 9#'! so$ )'"!!$t!s )! (os !m%(!#)os !$ (os &'('$)os /')-+('&os. E$ !st# &(#s'"'&#&'5$ #%#!&!$ (os "+!((!s 4 )'#"#m#s *+! +t'('1#$ #'! &om%'m')o 4 so$ &o$s')!#)os &omo #&t+#)o!s )! s'm%(! !"!&to 4 t#m0'7$ (os m8s&+(os #t'"'&'#(!s )! /+(! *+! 8(t'm#m!$t! /#$ !&'0')o m+&/# #t!$&'5$. ∼ ∼ ∼ ∼ ∼ ∼ ∼ ∼ ∼ ∼ ∼

∼

D! !"!&to s'm%(! C'('$)o $!+m-t'&o A&t+#)o $!+m-t'&o )! !"!&to )o0(! A&t+#)o ('$!#( )! )o0(! !"!&to s'$ ,-st#o Co$ !$#$#! 4 &!m#((!# Co$ !$#$#! 4 )o0(! &!m#((!# M+(t',!(!t# Moto ot#to'o &o$ %'st5$ D! #$+# ,!t'&#( D! 7m0o(o <+!((!s )'#"#m# 4 m8s&+(o #t'"'&'#( C'('$)o )! !"!&to s'm%(!


A#t'$ores E(,#tr!#os L# !st+&t+# )! +$ #&t+#)o !(7&t'&o !s s'm%(! !$ &om%##&'5$ &o$ (# )! (os #&t+#)o!s /')-+('&os 4 $!+m-t'&os 4# *+! s5(o !*+'!!$ )! !$!3# !(7&t'&# &omo "+!$t! )! !$!3#. Como s! +t'('1#$ �(!s !(7&t'&os %## t#$sm't' !(!&t'&')#) 4 (#s s!#(!s !s #(t#m!$t! ,!s-t'( 4 %-&t'&#m!$t! $o /#4 !st'&&'o$!s !s%!&to # (# )'st#$&'# !$t! (# "+!$t! )! !$!3# 4 !( #&t+#)o E;'st! +$# #$ &#$t')#) )! mo)!(os 4 !s "-&'( +t'('1#(os &o$ moto!s !(7&t'&os !st#$)#'1#)os s!8$ (# #%('&#&'5$. E$ (# m#4o3# )! (os &#sos !s $!&!s#'o +t'('1# !)+&to!s )!0')o # *+! (os moto!s so$ )! o%!#&'5$ &o$t'$+#. Ut'('1#&'5$ )! +$ %'st5$ !(7&t'&o %## !( #&&'o$#m'!$to )! +$# ,-(,+(# %!*+!#.

M$"6+etro U$ m#$5m!to !s +$ '$st+m!$to )! m!)')# )! (# %!s'5$ !$ "(+')os 9(3*+')os 4 #s!s !$ &'&+'tos &!#)os. M')!$ (# )'"!!$&'# !$t! (# %!s'5$ !#( o #0so(+t# 4 (# %!s'5$ #tmos"7'&# ((#m-$)os! # !st! ,#(o %!s'5$ m#$om7t'&#. Lo *+! !#(m!$t! /#&!$ !s &om%## (# %!s'5$ #tmos"7'&# 9(# )! "+!# &o$ (# )! )!$to )!( &'&+'to %o )o$)! &'&+(# #( "(+')o. Po !so s! )'&! *+! (os m#$5m!tos m')!$ (# %!s'5$ !(#t',# L#s +$')#)!s )! %!s'5$ so$ m+4 ,#'#)#s. E$ !( S'st!m# I$t!$#&'o$#( )! +$')#)!s !s !( P#s&#( 9P# !$ *+3m'&# s! +s# !( mm )! H #( *+! s! ((#m# t#m0'7$ to 9!$ /o$o # To'&!((' 4 (# #tm5s"!# 9#tm. E( %o0(!m# )!( P#s&#( !s *+! !s +$# +$')#) m+4 %!*+!# %## (os ,#(o!s /#0't+#(!s )! %!s'5$ !$ (os "(+')os !s %o !so *+! s! +t'('1#$ ot#s. =#tm  ==.? P# =0#  =. P# E$ (# '$)+st'# s! +s# !( %&m2. C+#$)o #(+'!$ )'&! *+! (# %!s'5$ )! +$ $!+m-t'&o !s )! 2 '(os s! !st- !"''!$)o # !st# +$')#) !( %&m2 9%&m2  >  P#. Est# "om# )! !;%!s# (# %!s'5$ !s '$&o!&t# %!o &#s' to)o !( m+$)o (# +s#. Los m#$5m!tos '$)+st'#(!s s+!(!$ t!$! +$# !s&#(# #)+#)# *+! m')! (# %!s'5$ $om#(m!$t! !$ 0#!s %#s&#(!s o !$ %s' 9"+!1# %o %+(#)# &+#)#)#


L# %!s'5$ m#$om7t'&# s! !;%!s# 4# s!# %o !$&'m# o 0'!$ %o )!0#o )! (# %!s'5$ #tmos"7'&#. Los #%##tos *+! s',!$ !;&(+s',#m!$t! %## m!)' %!s'o$!s '$"!'o!s # (# #tmos"7'&# o $!#t',#s s! ((#m#$ ,#&+5m!tos. T#m0'7$ m#$5m!tos )! ,#&3o.

E+*$#$'r$ o Se((o ?!r7'(!#o.

Los s!((os /')-+('&os so$ )'s%os't',os (os &+#(!s t#t#$ )! 'm%!)' (# s#(')# 9o !$t#)# )! "(+')o )! +$# m-*+'$# o !&'%'!$t!. So$ &om+$!s !$ (#s m-*+'$#s )! "(+')o 4 !$ )'s%os't',os *+! !*+'!!$ m#$t!$! #(8$ "(+')o %o )!$to &omo %o !!m%(o +$ &o'$!t!.


CONCLUSION

Los moto!s so$ )! ,'t#( 'm%ot#$&'# %## !( )!s#o((o )! m8(t'%(!s #&t',')#)!s !$ !( )3# # )'# )! &+#(*+'! !m%!s# o '$)+st'# 4# *+! s'$ !((os t!$)3#$ *+! )!%!$)! )! (# m#$o )! o0# /+m#$# (o &+#( s'$'"'&#3# +$ !t#so !$ (# %o)+&&'5$ #)!m-s )! !st# s+!tos # !o!s /+m#$os *+! s'$'"'&#3#$ %!)')#s mo$!t#'#s 4 /+m#$#s.

Los moto!s /#$ ')o !,o(+&'o$#$)o &o$ !( %#so )!( t'!m%o m!o#$)o !( !$)'m'!$to )! !stos #( !#('1# &+#(*+'! t#0#o 4# s!# *+! s! !*+'!# #$ &#$t')#) )! "+!1# %## t#0#os %!s#)os o t!$! +$ &o$to( m-s %!&'so so0! (# m'sm#.

E$ (# '$)+st'# !( +so )! moto!s !s #m%('o %!o *+'1-s (os m-s 'm%ot#$t!s s!# )!$to )! (#s 0om0#s 4# *+! s'$ !((os to)#s (#s o%!#&'o$!s )!$to )! (# '$)+st'# *+!)#3# )!t!$')#s !$ #$ m!)')# 4# *+! #&'#s # !((#s (#s -!#s )! %!"o#&'5$ %o)+&&'o$ t#$s%ot! !"'$#&'5$ !t&  %+!)!$ !#('1# s+s #&t',')#)!s s'$ m#4o %o0(!m#.


RE
∼

Actuador . 92=6. Es.wikipedia.org . R!t'!,!) =2 S!%t!m0! 2=6 "om

/tt%s:!s.''%!)'#.o''A&t+#)o ∼

∼

∼

∼

WC5mo "+$&'o$# !( moto !(7&t'&oX. 92=Q. ¿Cómo funciona que? . R!t'!,!) "om /tt%:&omo"+$&'o$#*+!.&om&omo"+$&'o$#!(moto!(!&t'&o
=2 S!%t!m0! 2=6 "om /tt%:.#!#t!&$o(o'#.&om/!#m'!$t#sm#$om!to./tm( ∼

∼

∼

∼

∼

Moto )! &om0+st'5$ '$t!$#. 92=6. Ecu%ed . R!t'!,!) "om /tt%s:.!&+!).&+MotoY)!Y&om0+st'C?B?$Y'$t!$# +'o1 H'$&#%'7 N. 92=6. B'!$,!$')o #( m+$)o )! (#s ,#(,+(#s. Mec&nica de "luidos # %ecursos 'idr&ulicos . R!t'!,!) "om /tt%:"(+')os.!'#.!)+.&o/')#+('&##t'&+(os!s#&&!so'os/')#+('&os+so4&(#s'"'&,#(,+(#s +so4&(#s'",#(,+(#s./tm( S#(#1# Ros#s J. 92=6. Moto )! &om0+st'5$ I$t!$#. Monografias.com . R!t'!,!) "om /tt%:.mo$o#"'#s.&omt#0#osmoto&om0+st'o$'$t!$#moto &om0+st'o$'$t!$#.s/tm( TIPOS DE BRIDAS. 92=6. Bripetrol . R!t'!,!) "om /tt%:.0'%!to(.&om.#0')#s./tm( T'#)o P7!1 S. 92=Q. Moto!s E(7&t'&os. Monografias.com . R!t'!,!) "om /tt%:.mo$o#"'#s.&omt#0#os?moto!s!(!&t'&osmoto!s!(!&t'&os.s/tm(


Unidad 2 Bombeo Bombas electricas

Recommend Documents