WTP

Course Coordinator: Prof. SUSHIL Grou Group p 10 – MBA MBA PT (201 (2010) 0) • DEBJIT NASKAR • SAURABH SINGH • UTTAM KUMAR • CHANDAN SINGH • ABHI ABHISHEK SHEK TRIP TRIPATH ATHII • HE HEMAN MANT T MA MADAN DAN • NI NITI TIN N K JA JAIN IN • SAN SANDIP DIP KES KESWA WANI NI • SU SUKH KHWIN WINDE DER R SIN SINGH GH

(2010SMN6920) (2010SMN6924) (2010SMN6927) (2010SMN6894) (2010SMN (201 0SMN6936 6936)) (2010S (20 10SMN MN688 6881) 1) (201 (2 010S 0SMN MN68 6897 97)) (2010S (20 10SMN MN68 6898) 98) (2010S (20 10SMN MN692 6926) 6)

1

Water Treatment Plant ADVANCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

2

Water Treatment Plant ADVANCED WATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

2

HISTORY

•

Water treatment describes describes those those processes processes used used to make make water more acceptable for a desired end-use. These can include use as drinking water, industrial processes, medical and many other uses. uses . The goal of all water treatment treatm ent process process is to remove existing existing contaminan contaminants ts in the water , or reduce reduc e the concentrat concentration ion of such contam contaminant inants s so the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. end-use. One such use is returning water that has been used back into the natural environment without adverse ecological impact .

•

The proces processes ses involv involved ed in treati treating ng water water for drinki drinking ng purpos purpose e may may be solids solids separation using physical processes such as settling and filtration, and chemical processes such as disinfection disinfection and coagulation. coagulation. Biological Biological processes are also employed in the treatment of wastewater and these processes may include, for example, aerated lagoons, activated sludge or slow sand filters.

3

WATER TREATMENT PROCESS

•

The combin combinati ation on of follow following ing proces processes ses is used used for for munici municipal pal drinki drinking ng water water treatment worldwide:

•

Pre–chlorination – for algae control and areesting any biological growth

•

Aeration – along with pre-chlorination for removal removal of dissolved iron and manganese

•

Coagulation – for floculation

•

Coagulant ai aids (p (polyelectrolytes) – to improve improve coagula coagulation tion and and for thickne thickner r floc floc form format atio ion n

•

Sedimentation – for solids seperation, that is, removal of suspended solids solids trapped in the floc

•

Filteration – removing particles from water water

•

Desalination – process of removing salt salt from the water

•

Disinfection – for killing bacteria 4

Typical Sewage Treatment Flow Diagram

Primary

RAW SEWAGE

BOD : 150 BOD 150 - 350 350 mg/l mg/l TSS : 300 - 530 mg/l

Screening

Secondary

Degritting

Primary

Degreasing

Clarification

Biological Process

BOD : 20 mg/l TSS : 30 mg/l

5

SCREENING

• Types in terms of Operation: – Manual – Mechanical

• Types in terms of bar spacing: – Fine – Medium – Coarse 6

Fine Bubble diffuser for aeration

7

Primary Clarifiers

• Types in terms of Operation: – Circular – Rectangular

8

Primary Clarifiers

9

Secondary Clarifiers

• Types in terms of Operation: – Circular – Rectangular

10

1. Pulsator and Pulsatube Technologies

2. Aquazur V - Technology 3. Pulsatube & Aquazur V

11

Pulsator Technology

Key Description: • Pulsating Sludge Blanket Clarifier • Rectangular Flat Bottom RCC Tank • Even water distribution over entire bottom • Even sludge withdrawal across the tank 12

Pulsator Operating principles

Gravity Air vacuum Treated water

Coagulation Expansed Floculation sludge

Sludge extraction

Raw water

13

The PULSATOR Technology

VACUUM BLOWER

AIR INLET VALVE

CLARIFIER WATER COLLECTION TROUGHS

VACUUM CHAMBER

CLARIFICATION ZONE

SLUDGE BLANKET SLUDGE CONCENTRATOR DISTRIBUTION PIPES SLUDGE OUTLET INLET

14

Pulsator : Cross Section

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Raw Water Inlet Distribution Pipes Sludge Concentrator Vacuum Chamber Desludging Drain Collention Channels Stilling Plates

15

Key Features • • • •

Very high rise rates (3 - 6 m/h) Compact (optimum land usage) Homogenous sludge blanket (filtering effect) Efficient hydraulic design - Uniform bottom distribution - Uniform top recovery • Sludge concentrators • Built-in flash mixer and floculation

16

Water quality benefits • Capable of treating High and Low Turbidity : Adjusting sludge withdrawal: frequency / duration

• Effective Algae removal: > 95 % due to: - Long flocculation time - Filter action of sludge blanket

• Excellent treated water quality: - SS (Low load on filters) - Colloids 17

Operational Strengths LOW O&M COST: - No underwater equipment - Minimal mechanical equipment requiring operator - No day-to-day adjustement - Requires only annual routine maintenance - Low chemical consumption and Low water losses - Lower power consumption: no separate flocculator or bridge mechanism

18

Pulsator for plants rehabilitaion

• Pulsator can be well adaptated for rehabilitation projects: • Buenos-Aires (Argentine): 1.300.000 m3/d • Alexandria (Egypt): 240.000 m3/d 19

Pulsator References in Korea

• • • •

Deoksan-Pusan: 1.550.000 m3/d Kwangam-Seoul: 1.000.000 m3/d Sunyu-Seoul: 400.000 m3/d Hwamyeong-Pusan: 360.000 m3/d 20

Pulsator References

• 10.000.000 m3 / day worldwide • N° of plants Worldwide: 750 • N° of Pulsators: 1.500 • N° of Filters: 3.200 • Plant capacity from 3 - 3,000 MLD

21



22

Pulsatube Theory

High rate clarification

Settling of sludge after 5 minutes

Settling of sludge after 10 minute s

Settlin g of sludge after 15 minute s

Sludge settling

23

Pulsatube technology • Installing lamellae modules manufactured by Degrémont:

• Rising velocity Pulsator: 2 – 4 m / h

24

Layout comparison • Conventional layout: 240.000 m2

4 3 2

1

1- Clarifloculator 2- Filters battery 3- Sludge treatment 4- Treated water reservoir 25

Layout comparison • Pulsator: 120.000 m2

2

1

Saved Space 2

4 3

1- Pulsator 2- Filters battery 3- Sludge treatment 4- Treated water reservoir 26

Layout comparison • Pulsatube: 62.000 m2

Saved Space 2 1

4

2

3

1- Pulsatube 2- Filters battery 3- Sludge treatment 4- Treated water reservoir 27



28

Key Description

• High Rate Gravity Sand Filters • False Floor Fitted with Nozzles • Constant Head & Constant Rate Filtration • Washing – Simultaneous with Air & Water

29

Simple drawings Sand

Noozle

Washing Water outlet

V-shaped trough

Wash water

Channel for filtered water Air & wash water 30

Filtration Raw water

Filtered Water

31

Wash of filters

Surface sweeping

Wash Water

Wash Air 32

Aquazur-V - Cross Section Uniform Media Size – Deep bed filtration, Longer Filter Runs

Unique Cross-Wash during Backwash

Advanced Nozzle Floor

33

False Floor & Noozle

SAND

AIR

AIR

Water

Water

34

Key Features of running

• High filtration rates (7 - 20 m/h) • Deep & homogenous filter bed • Uniform feed through V-Channels • In-depth Clogging • Positive Pressure Over Entire Sand Depth • No bed expansion during washing • Surface sweep during washing 35

Aquazur-V – Filtration mode

Towards other filters

F i l t r a t i o n

Raw water inlet

Filtering medium

S c o u r A i r

Nozzles

W a s h w a t e r V a l v e c l o s e d

V a l v e

c l o s e d V a l v e

o

p e n F I LT ER E D W AT E R O U T L E T

F i l t e re d w a t e r outlet

36

Aquazur-V – Filtration mode

37

Aquazur-V – Backwash Mode

Air blower To other filters

W a s h m o d e Towards other filters

Scour Air S c o u r A i r

To other filters

W a s h w a t e r

V a l v e o p e n Wash water discharge

V a l v e o p e n V a l v e c l o se d Wash water pump

Wash water

38

Aquazur-V – Backwash Mode

39

Backwash Mode – Rinsing phase

Lateral sweeping

Lateral sweeping

40

Backwash Mode – Rinsing phase

41

End of Backwash Mode

42

Improvement AQUAZUR V vs T

• During the wash, water being filtered is continually delivered to provide surface sweeping: no sudden increase in flow rate for the other filters •

High filtration rates, with sand depths between 1 and 2 m.

• The filter bed stays homogenous, without hydraulic reclassification • During washing, low backflow rate of filtered water: reduce equipment requirements and energy consumption 43

Advantages AQUAZUR V

GENERAL ADVANTAGES of AQUAZUR V

44

Operational Benefits

• Excellent treated water quality < 0.5 NTU • Long filter runs • Low water losses • Low power consumption • Minimum sand loss

45

More economical system

1. Low geometrical headloss between inlet & outlet 2. Less losses & Sand cheaper than anthracite 3. Smaller size for the equipment (pipes, valves, pumps…) 4. Less water and energy for backwash

46



47

Bangalore - India

Pulsatube

Aquazur V

48

Pulsatube & Aquazur: Benefits

1. Land usage :

2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

50 % saving

Manpower : 50 % saving Water losses : 40 % saving Power : 40 % saving Chemicals : 20 % saving Water quality : turbidity < 05 NTU algae : 95 % removal

49

Pulsatube & Aquazur: Benefits • Efficient O&M - Minimum chemical use - Low operator input - Minimum water losses - Low power requirement - Minimum maintenance

• Excellent treated water quality • Flexible to changes in flow / load • Compact Design • Consistent, Cost Effective & High Quality Water

50

WTP

Recommend Documents