Chapter 14.2: HFSS‐IE Workshop (RCS: PEC Cube) 14. 0 Release
Introduction to ANSYS HFSS for Antenna Design
HFSS-IE Example: PEC Cubic RCS • Radar Cross Section of a PEC Cube – This example is intended to show you how to create, simulate, and analyze the RCS of a PEC Cube, using the Ansoft HFSS-IE Design Environment.
– This example was taken from the publication, “Electromagnetic Code Consortium Benchmarks,” compiled by Andrew Greenwood and published by the Air Force Research Laboratory.
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Background • Background on RCS and PEC Cube problem – As mentioned previously, this problem was taken from a paper illustrating some simple radar targets that can be used to “calibrate” electromagnetic simulators. The paper used several different university codes for the different targets.
– Also mentioned in the lecture notes are the two measurements of RCS, Monostatic and Bistatic. The measurements from the paper which we will simulate in HFSS-IE are shown below in the graphs, and represents Monostatic RCS.
– From this graph, we can obtain some settings for the HFSS-IE simulation: • Adaptive Frequency: 0.43 GHz – Single frequency / no sweep • Azimuth (f) swept with a fixed Elevation
– q = 90° – f = 0° to 90° – since the structure is symmetric about the axis, we won’t simulate the remaining quadrants • VV-polarized – Excite the vertical polarization (q) and observe the vertical polarization (q)
– Ephi = 0 / Etheta = 1 – Observe MonostaticRCSTheta ANSYS, 14.2-3 Inc. ©Proprietary 2012 ANSYS, Inc. © 2009 ANSYS, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Getting Started • Ansoft HFSS-IE Design Environment – The following features of the Ansoft HFSS-IE Design Environment will be used to create this passive device model • 3D Solid Modeling
– Primitives: Boxes • Boundaries/Excitations
– Ports: Incident Wave – Boundaries: Default Open Space • Analysis
– Adaptive Solution Setup • Results
– Far-Field Setup – Cartesian Plotting
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Getting Started • Launching Ansoft HFSS – To access Ansoft HFSS, click the Microsoft Start button, select Programs, and select the Ansoft, HFSS 14.0 program group, Windows 64-bit. Click HFSS 14.0 (64-bit or 32-bit)
• Setting Tool Options – Note: In order to follow the steps outlined in this example, verify that the following tool options are set : • Select the menu item Tools > Options > HFSS-IE Options
– Click the General tab • Use Wizards for data input when creating new boundaries:
Checked
Checked
• Duplicate boundaries with geometry:
– Click the OK button • Select the menu item Tools > Options > Modeler Options .
– Click the Operation tab • Automatically cover closed polylines:
Checked
– Click the Drawing tab • Edit property of new primitives:
Checked
– Click the OK button
• Opening a New Project – In HFSS Desktop, click the
On the Standard toolbar, or select the menu item File > New .
– From the Project menu, select Insert HFSS-IE Design.
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Example – RCS of a Cube • Set Model Units – Select the menu item Modeler > Units • Select Units: meter • Click the OK button
• Set Default Material – Using the 3D Modeler Materials toolbar, choose Select • Type pec in the Search by Name field • Click the OK button
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Example – RCS of a Cube • Creating the Cube – Select the menu item Draw > Box • Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the box origin
– X: -0.5, Y: -0.5, Z: -0.5, Press the Enter key • Using the coordinate entry fields, enter the size of the box:
– dX: 1, dY: 1, dZ: 1, Press the Enter key – Select the Attribute tab from the Properties window. • For the Value of Name type: cube • Click the OK button
– To fit the view: • Select the menu item View > Fit All > Active View . Or press CTRL+D
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Plane Wave Excitation Setup • Creating the Plane Wave Excitation – Select the menu item HFSS-IE > Excitations >Assign > Incident Wave > Plane Incident Wave • Vector Input Format: Spherical • Excitation Location and/or Zero Phase Position
– X Coord: 0mm, Y Coord: 0mm, Z Coord: 0mm – Click the Next button • IWavePhi – Start: 0 deg, Step: 1 deg, Stop: 90 deg • IWaveTheta – Start: 90 deg, Step: 0 deg, Stop: 90 deg • E0 vector – Phi: 0V/m, Theta: 1 V/m
– Click the Next button – Click the Finish button
• Viewing the Plane Wave Excitation – The Incident Plane Wave excitation can be viewed by selecting the IncPWave1 in the Excitation section of the Project tree
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Analysis Setup • Analysis Setup – Select the menu item HFSS-IE > Analysis Setup > Add Solution Setup • Click the General tab:
– Solution Frequency: 0.43 GHz – Maximum Number of Passes: 20 – Maximum Delta E per Pass: 0.01 • Click the OK button
• Create a Radiation Setup – Select the menu item HFSS-IE > Radiation > Insert Far Field Setup > Infinite Sphere • Infinite Sphere Tab
– Name: Infinite Sphere1 – Phi: (Start: 0, Stop: 0, Step Size: 10) – Theta: (Start: 0, Stop: 0, Step Size: 10) • Click the OK button • NOTE: Since we are going to be creating a plot of Monostatic RCS, HFSS-IE takes the observation angle from the incident angle definition. It is actually easier in the plotting stage to only define one observation angle in the far field sphere setup.
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Analyze • Save Project – Select the menu item File > Save As . • Filename: hfssie_rcs_cube • Click the Save button
• Model Validation – Select the menu item HFSS-IE > Validation Check • Click the Close button
– Note: To view any errors or warning messages, use the Message Manager.
• Analyze – Select the menu item HFSS-IE > Analyze All
• Solution Data – Select the menu item HFSS-IE > Results > Solution Data – To view the Profile, Click the Profile Tab. – To view the Convergence, Click the Convergence Tab • Note: The default view is for convergence is Table. Select the Plot button to view a graphical representations of the convergence data.
– To view the Matrix Data, Click the Matrix Data Tab • Note: To view a real-time update of the Matrix Data, set the Simulation to Setup1, Last Adaptive
– To view the Mesh Statistics, Click the Mesh Statistics Tab. • Click the Close button
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Results • Create RCS plot – Select the menu item HFSS-IE > Results > Create Far Fields Report > Rectangular Plot • Solution: Setup1: LastAdaptive • Geometry: Infinite Sphere1 • Primary Sweep: IWavePhi • Category: MonostaticRCS • Quantity: MonostaticRCSTheta • Function: dB • Click the New Report button
– Click the Close button
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