MKAÄLDON_ BK IKLFEFLRK
23 EPNJHKLRF_ ‑EÎODAK_‘ _kakoodÿl9 _nltd Onr`flkaa mttp9//ndjdnafs.`afjspft.ofh
Rrnbuoodÿl onstkaanln9 Îavnrf E. Frtfaî mttp9//jrdkjfwk`.ofh
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23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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77 >, >5 18 .< (5/2#$1+ .< (5/2#$1+ 6* =C9 N-@1O B%@K@&21+ =E2 ,#>+)JM9 *#*D9 6 ! 1I1O2 1I1O2 , *#3 6 ! 3 =E2 "I12 *#3 =E2 GA&>12 =E2 GA&>12 6 ! J ! )&12 )&12 , *#3 ! #%&>*&O-H12=1 #%&>*&O-H12=1 ! %L9 %L9 2#O@#FI#2 , *#3 >=%#=/:1S9 ! %L9 %L9 =1$9 ^ ! -%F1O>+ -%F1O>+ ! %1>&I)12=1 %1>&I)12=1 PJ2#2.%12 , _O.J# , R/A+>[.1=12. Afs ntkldklsks znrpnrfl bk _nhfs y onusnrfl bnþf na tkrrdtfrdf bka rky, pusdkrfl ruh`f n ^uèfs y n Äeksf, sk prkpnrnrfl pnrn uln `ntnaan lnvna y kadjdkrfl ofhf kstrntkjfs pnrn afs quk qukbn`nl n Hklnlbrf, Rdbkf y Oksfbftf. 0
77 >, >: ?0>#2.%19 .< 6* =C9 U[.1O ! #%Z #%Z =E2 ]M2I#2 6* ! )&$ )&$ ! %L9 %L9 =L2 T))Y> ! 12=12 12=12 ! %[9 %[9 =& =D2 ! )1IM2 )1IM2 =L2 W* ! )1O2 )1O2 *#3 6 ! 3 =Z9 QA&>=/*OI#9 #X=D2 ! [)&+9 [)&+9. Adsnlbrf, bksbk Pfbns `frbknlbf an Ifldn lnvkjn kl bdrkoodÿl na Mkakspfltf, pnrn npfynr an snadbn bk afs `uquks y ofltrn ans odubnbks bk an zfln quk kstn`nl su`akvnbns. ?
77 >, >= \ :Z% (>I# :Z% (>I# ! 1)&@I# 1)&@I# #X=1$9 V2. ?0>#2.%19 .< 6c (,0.1O 6c (,0.1O ! #%J #%J ! )&+ )&+ &n9 ?-@`#*12 >0@@#F12 1o>#2 (5/2#IM2º *#3 18 (,O./213 *#3 18 b))1+ #%C>#2 ! &Hk &Hk. \:&$=1 .e jK%#c ?#*&.#+@[2+19. ! #%C>#2 Bnbf quk Nsdn aks krn mfstda. Sfr ofltrn, Adsnlbrf ofstkÿ bksbk Î`dbfs kl bdrkoodÿl n Aîhpsnof, quk krn nadnbn bk afs ntkldklsks. Afs n`dbkþfs y ka rkstf mdodkrfl notf bk prksklodn n pdk. Afs ofhnlbn`n Rÿrnx, ka anokbkhfldf. 2
77 >, >4 ! %1>,#)[2=&9 %1>,#)[2=&9 .e =k ! [)&+ [)&+ #8%1m>+ *#=Z *%-=19... Kh`ntkl an odubnb y an tfhnl pfr an eukrzn... =Z .e 6)&05&%# >K@#=# ! -2=# -2=# QAC*& ?0>#2.%19. Skrf Adsnlbrf bkiÿ hnromnr n ans pkrsflns ad`rks, tfbns. ;
77 >, 03 18 .< (5/2#$1+ *#=Z ! [.#9 [.#9 ! )J12=&9 )J12=&9 d%@I>#2=1 =C9 "&%%12Y>1O 62 i)#+1m2=+ 2#O>32 g:.1Y*12=# *#3 a*#=[2. 62=#m5# .E Q%+>=1 ! 1+1O@J21+9 1+1O@J21+9 #X=1$9 Q::J))&=#+ =Z ! &%3 &%3 ?-@`#*12 , *#3 &X5S9 Q2YF5/>#2 &n9 N/>=[2. Afs ntkldklsks, qudklks kstuvdkrfl lnvkjnlbf n su kstkan, nloanrfl kl Kakÿl bka ^ukrsflksf ofl odkltf fomkltn lnvks. Kl tnltf quk bksnyuln`nl nquè sk aks nlulodn afs mkomfs rkantdvfs n Aîhpsnof, y bk efrhn dlhkbdntn pnrtdkrfl mnodn _kstf. 0
23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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77 >, 0> 6*&$5&2 .< &X5S9 6 ! +>+=+>-@&21+ +>+=+>-@&21+ W ! )&O>#2 )&O>#2 &n9 ;n:L9 ! 1=#@1S9 1=#@1S9 Q2=I12 =C9 ?#@`-*1Oº .+&$F& .< B T))Y> ! 12=19 12=19 =#0=h >=#.I1O9 d9 ! &2=&*#I.&*# &2=&*#I.&*#. 62=#m5# .E 6.&+ ! 21 21 ! 1+1m2=1 1+1m2=1. Bk naaè, tnl prfltf ofhf sk nprfvdsdflnrfl bk trdjf, lnvkjnrfl mnodn Kjfspÿtnhfs, erkltk n Aîhpsnof. Ka Mkakspfltf hdbk kl kstk pultf nprfxdhnbnhkltk qudlok kstnbdfs bk nlomf. Kl kstk aujnr oflorktf oklnrfl. :
77 >, 00 ?0>#2.%19 .e =k 6 ! +10>h +10>h 2O*=I , , 6 ! &3 &3 l%5%19 V2 , 6>Y@/2&2 &n9 =Z9 2#m9 Q%+>=1 ! 1+/>#@J21O9 1+/>#@J21O9 &n>,#I2&+2 N an lfomk sdjudkltk, Adsnlbrf, uln vkz quk sk mdzf ka na`n, dlbdoÿ quk sk bksnyulnrn y sk kh`nronrn kl ans lnvks =
77 , >, 0? 18 .e (5/2#$1+ .e (5/2#$1+ f@# =p \)Iq Q2I>F12=+ 6 ! 3 =p )+@J2+ ! #%&=-c#2=1 #%&=-c#2=1 62 @&=K ! q d9 &n9 2#O@#FI#2. 6 ! &3 &3 .e 1X* Q2=#2Y:#:& ?0>#2.%19 , *#3 =C9 \@J%#9 g`e V2 , Q ! J ! )&O>#2 )&O>#2 ! -)+2 -)+2 &n9 =1S9 ;n:L9 ! 1=#@109 1=#@109. Afs ntkldklsks, ofl ka sfa snadkltk, sk bdspusdkrfl kl an `fon bka pukrtf ofhf pnrn uln `ntnaan lnvna. Skrf bnbf quk Adsnlbrf lf sk aks fpusf y krn tnrbk bka bèn, sk hnromnrfl lukvnhkltk n Kjfspÿtnhfs. 4
77 >, 02 ?0>#2.%19 .e =Z9 =#FI>=#9 =D2 2&D2 6*J)&O>&2 r ! &>5#+ &>5#+ =1$9 (5/2#I1+9...=#m=# .< 6 ! 1I&+ 1I&+ =J==#%#9 \@J%#9 Adsnlbrf Adsnlb rf frbklÿ n ans hîs rîpdbns rîpdbn s bk ans lnvks quk sdjudkrnl sdjudk rnl n afs ntkldklsks ntkldkls ks ... Mdzf kstf burnltk ountrf bèns >3
77 >, 0; ()*+,+-./9 .e *#=+.s2 6* =D2 =&+FD2 =1S9 @e2 (5/2#I1O9 @e2 (5/2#I1O9 62 #n:+#)p B%@1m2=#9 *#3 ! %L9 %L9 1X.&@+t ! [)&+ [)&+ , , =Z .< 6 ! +=Y.&+# +=Y.&+# 6* N/>=1m @&=+[2=#9 ! &2=&*#I.&*# &2=&*#I.&*# >=#.I1O9 Q ! L =D2 2&D2 , =1S9 .e ! 1)&@I1O9 1)&@I1O9 62 )+@J2+ *#3 ! %L9 %L9 ! [)&+ [)&+ WF12=#9 ! -2=# -2=# , 1X* 62 *#)p WA/ #X=1S9 B%@&$2 Naod`ènbks, quk vdf bksbk ans hurnaans n afs ntkldklsks nloanbfs kl an ofstn y okron bk ldljuln odubnb, quk bk`ènl nprfvdsdflnrsk bk sus vdtunaans bksbk _kstf, n qudlok kstnbdfs bk bdstnlodn bksbk ans lnvks, y quk sus klkhdjfs af tklènl tfbf kl ka pukrtf y okron bk an odubnb, aks bdif quk lf kstn`nl nloanbfs kl ul `ukl aujnr ?
23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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77 >, 05 18 .e >=%#=/:1I , , @-)+>=# .e _O.&S9 *#3 PJ2#2.%19 , Q ! +J2#+ +J2#+ #X=L2 6*J)&O>#2º Skrf afs kstrntkjfs, oflorktnhkltk o florktnhkltk Rdbkf y Hklnlbrf, ak frbklnrfl hnromnr >0
77 >, 0= ?0>#2.%19 .< &X5S9 6>Y@/2& =E2 =#FI>=/2 ! )&$2 )&$2º... R[2M2 .e n.s2 =L2 6 ! I ! )1O2 )1O2 , 6>Y@/2&2 &n9 =Z9 2#m9 ,1/5&$2 *#=Z *%-=19. Dlhkbdntnhkltk Adsnlbrf frbklÿ quk an hîs rîpdbn lnvkjnrn... Oflÿl, na pkrod`dr ka ntnquk pfr hnr, frbklÿ quk, n hnromns erfznbns, sk frdkltnrn an nyubn mnodn ans lnvks. >?
77 >, 04 #X=L9 @e2 g*=s 2#O>32 Q ! J ! )&O>& )&O>& ! #%< #%< uX#:[%#2 &n9 R0 ! %12 %12 T äa hdshf, ofl fomf lnvks, hnromÿ n rkeujdnrsk ofl Kvîjfrns kl bdrkoodÿl n Omdprk >2
-2=# &n9 DD >, ?3 ?0>#2.%19 .e =-9 =& 2#m9 *#3 =1S9 #nF@#)K=1O9 *#3 =v))# ! -2=# ?-@`#*12 Q ! Y:#:&2 Y:#:&2 , W)#,& .e *#3 =D2 >=%#=/:D2 b))1O9 =& *#3 w+)1*)J# *#3 (.&I@#2=12 *#3 (.&I@#2=12... W ! &@`& &@`& j&[ ! 1@ 1@ ! 12 =L2 P+)Y>+12 )h>=E2 &n9 ?#*&.#I@12# ! 12 Adsnlbrf sk aakvÿ ans lnvks, afs prdsdflkrfs y ka rkstf, tfbf n Aîhpsnof, y ofjdÿ tnh`däl bk afs kstrntkjfs n Edafoaks y Nbdhnltf kltrk ftrfs. ... klvdÿ n Rkfpfhpf, ka pdrntn hdaksdf, n Anokbkhfldn >;
DD >, ?> @&=Z .e =#m=# ?0>#2.%19 x5%1I>#9 =1S9 >O@@-F1O9 6*J)&O>& ,1O)&0&>5#+ ! &%3 &%3 =D2 #nF@#)K=M2.... w+)1*)C9 .< V2 >=%#=/:L9 =D2 (5/2#IM2 , y9 =10=1O9 .+JA5&+%&2. Bkspuäs bk kstf, Adsnlbrf rkuldÿ n afs nadnbfs y frbklÿ quk tfhnrnl uln bkodsdÿl sf`rk afs prdsdflkrfs. ... ... Edafoaks, kstrntkjf bk afs ntkldklsks, euk ka quk non`ÿ ofl ästfs. >5
77 >, ?0 6)J:&=1 .e *#3 b))# ! 1))1))- , *#3 W.1c&2 Q ! 1*=&$2#+ 1*=&$2#+ =D2 #nF@#)K=M2 z>1+ V>#2 (5/2#$1+ V>#2 (5/2#$1+ ! )E2 (.&+@-2=1O )E2 (.&+@-2=1O _k ofltnrfl nbkhîs huomns ftrns odroulstnlodns, kltrk ftrns quk sk bkodbdÿ hntnr bk afs prdsdflkrfs, n ounltfs eukrnl ntkldklsks, kxokptf n Nbdhnltf 2
23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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DD 0, ? 62 .e =#$9 (5Y2#+9 =C9 {#%-)1O QA+*1@J2/9 2O*=L9 6)J:&=1 \ >O@A1%- , *#3 1n@M:E 6* =1m {&+%#+D9 .+Z =D2 @#*%D2 =&+FD2 &n9 b>=O .+C*&2 Kl Ntklns, ounlbf aakjÿ an Sîrnafs bk lfomk, sk ofltÿ an bksjrnodn, y ul nanrdbf bk bfafr rkofrrdÿ bksbk ka Sdrkf, n trnväs bk afs anrjfs hurfs, mnstn an odubnb >=
1I/>#2 , 62 } W.1c& =109 =& )+@J2#9 DD 0, 2 =k .< ^>=&%#I| 6**)/>I#2 6 ! 1I/>#2 Q ! 1FD>#+ 1FD>#+ ! )E2 )E2 a2L9 *#3 =Z =&IF/ &X=%& ! IH&+2 IH&+2 *#3 AO)#*Z9 6A+>=-2#+ *#3 =v))# ! -2=# -2=# d9 &n9 ! 1)+1%*I#2 1)+1%*I#2 ! #%#>*&O-H&+2 #%#>*&O-H&+2 =E2 ! [)+2 [)+2. Na bèn sdjudkltk rknadznrfl uln nsnh`akn, kl an quk sk bkodbdÿ pflkr bdquks n afs pukrtfs, kxokptf n ulf, rkpnrnr afs hurfs, kstn`akokr junrldodflks, y prkpnrnr an odubnb kl tfbf af bkhîs ofhf pnrn ul nskbdf. >4
[2=1O 2#O>3 .+#*1>I#+9 QA+*[@&219 &n9 DD 0, ; ?0>#2.%19 .< 6* =1m T))/> ! [2=1O ?J>,12 *#=&>*&O->#=1 =-9 =& b))#9 ! [)&+9 [)&+9 62 #X=k *#3 PO=+)Y2/2º &n9 .e =Z 6 ! 3 j%~*/9 FM%I# W ! &@`& &@`& .J*# =%+Y%&+9 WF12=# i=&[2+*12 Sfr su pnrtk, Adsnlbrf aakjÿ n Aks`fs prfokbkltk bka Mkakspfltf ofl bfsodkltns lnvks y frjnldzÿ Hdtdaklk y ka rkstf bk odubnbks bka aujnr. aujnr. Klvdÿ n ans rkjdflks bk Rrnodn n Ktkÿldof, ofl bdkz trdrrkhks 03
&@`& ! %L9 •:I2 %L9 •:I2 =& &n9 ₡&*J)&+#2 *#3 &n9 DD 0, : ?0>#2.%19 .e @&=Z =#m=# W ! &@`& ?#*&.#I@12# z=+ ! %1> %1> ! )&$ )&$ >S2 .+#*1>I#+9 2#O>I Adsnlbrf, bkspuäs bk kstf, klvdÿ ul hklsnik n Njds, n Bkokadn, y n Anokbkhfldn, bdodklbf quk aakjn`n ofl bfsodkltns lnvks. 0>
J.M*& =E2 ! [)+2 [)+2 ;n:+2Y=#+9 ... DD 0, 4 ?0>#2.%19 .e QA+*[@&219 &n9 ;:+2#2 Q ! J.M*& Ounlbf aakjÿ n Kjdln, Adsnlbrf kltrkjÿ an odubnb n afs kjdlktns @&=Z .e =1m=1 .hK>#9 N#)#@$2# d%@I>#=1 ! %L9 %L9 =L2 {&+%#+’ 2#O>3 ! &2=Y*12=# &2=Y*12=# *#3 a*#=[2 Bkspuäs bk kstf bksvnstÿ bksvnst ÿ _nanhdln y sk pfsdodflÿ erkltk na Sdrkf ofl odkltf odloukltn lnvks
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23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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.< (5/2#$1+ ! 1)+1%*10@&21+ 1)+1%*10@&21+ *#=Z :C2 *#3 *#=Z 5-)#==#2 Ɛ ! [%1O2 [%1O2 DD 0, >3 18 .< (5/2#$1+ =I F%E ! 1+&$2 1+&$2 ... 62[@+H12 .e 1X.&@I#2 &“2#+ >M=/%I#2 Afs ntkldklsks, okronbfs pfr tdkrrn y pfr hnr, lf sn`ènl quä bk`ènl mnokr.... Oflsdbkrnrfl quk lf mn`èn snavnodÿl najuln 0?
77 0, >> 6 ! &3 &3 .e ! #2=&)D9 #2=&)D9 …./ B >$=19 6 ! &)&)1I &)&)1I ! &+ &+ , , W ! &@`#2 &@`#2 ! %J>,&+9 %J>,&+9 ! #%< •:+2 #%< •:+2 , ,1O)[@&21+ >0@@#F1+ &“2#+ ?#*&.#+@12I1+9 WF12=&9 =Z =&IF/ *#3 =L2 {&+%#+’ Skrf yn ounlbf ka jrnlf sk njftÿ ofhpaktnhkltk, klvdnrfl kh`ninbfrks n Njds, qukrdklbf skr nadnbfs bk afs anokbkhfldfs, pkrf oflskrvnlbf afs hurfs y ka Sdrkf 02
DD 0, >0 B .e #X=1S9 &n9 ?#*&.#I@12# 6*J)&O&2 nJ2#+º 1X :Z% &“2#+ *0%+19 #X=[9. 6 ! &3 &3 .< Q ! Y::&+)#2 Y::&+)#2 18 ! %J>,&+9 %J>,&+9 =#m=# =1$9 (5/2#I1+9 =1$9 (5/2#I1+9 , W ! &@`#2 &@`#2 #X=1S9 &n9 ?#*&.#I@12#. Ästk, sdl kh`nrjf, aks frbklÿ quk sk bdrdjdkrnl n Anokbkhfldn, bnbf quk äa pkrsflnahkltk lf tklèn ofhpktklodns. Ounlbf afs kh`ninbfrks ofhuldonrfl kstf n afs ntkldklsks, afs klvdnrfl n Anokbkhfldn. 0;
%J>,&+9 6 ! &3 &3 †*12 1*#.& *#3 Q ! Y::&+)#2 Y::&+)#2 =#m=# &n9 =E2 ! [)+2 [)+2 , DD 0, >2 18 .e ! %J>,&+9 Q5O@I# 62J ! &>& &>& ! ’>+2 ’>+2º Ounlbf afs kh`ninbfrks aakjnrfl n onsn y ofhuldonrfl kstf n an odubnb, uln bksnzÿl sf`rkvdlf n tfbfs 05
&%3 .e =D2 =&+FD2 =C9 *#5#+%J>&M9 1X.&39 6,10)&=1 >O@,1O)&0&+2º DD 0, >; ! &%3 (%FJ>=%#=19 :Z% &n ! s2 s2 62 =k ,1O)k ?#*&.#+@12I1+9 *%-=+>=12 &“2#+ 6A< 1‡9 %1O*#)1m2=1 &n%Y2/2 ! 1+&$>5#+ 1+&$>5#+ , , 6.J5/º ! %1O*#)1m2=1 Kl af quk na bkrruh`nhdkltf bk afs hurfs sk rkkrk, lnbdk qukrèn bkad`krnr, puks Nrquästrntf, quk mn`èn bdomf kl ka oflskif quk af hkifr krn oflokrtnr an pnz ofl afs anokbkhfldfs kl afs tärhdlfs quk prfpusdkrnl, euk klonrokanbf. 0:
77 0, >5 j&%@˅2/9 .+J=%+,& ! #%Z #%Z ?O>-2.%q =%&$9 @C2#9 *#3 ! )&IM )&IM Rkrîhklks pnsÿ iultf n Adsnlbrf trks hksks y hîs 5
23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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&@`&2 Q::&)1m2=# @&=< b))M2 DD 0, >= ?0>#2.%19 .e =1$9 6A[%1+9 W ! &@`&2 ?#*&.#+@12IM2 (%+>=1=J)/2 , AO:-.# (5/2#$12 l2=# , z=+ Q ! 1*%I2#+=1 1*%I2#+=1 j/%#@J2&+ 6*&I21O9 *O%I1O9 &“2#+ &n%Y2/9 *#3 ! 1)J@1O 1)J@1O. Adsnlbrf klvdÿ n Nrdstÿtkaks, quk krn ul trîlseujn ntkldklsk, n quk nlulodnrn, kl ofhpnþèn bk ftrfs anokbkhfldfs, n afs äefrfs quk sk s k mn`èn ofltkstnbf n Rkrîhklks Rkrîhklks quk nqukaafs krnl ofhpktkltks kl nsultfs bk pnz y bk jukrrn. 04
%J>,&+9 , 6 ! &3 &3 V>#2 62 N&))#>I| , ... &“ ! 12 12 DD 0, >4 j/%#@J2/9 .e *#3 18 b))1+ ! %J>,&+9 z=+ #X=1*%-=1%&9 ! &%3 &%3 &n%Y2/9. ... 6 ! &3 &3 .< †*12 , 6**)/>I#2 6 ! 1I/>#2 1I/>#2 , 62 } Q2=J)&:12 R1%I25+1+ *#3 j/,#$1+ @-)+>=# , ! 1))13 1))13 .e *#3 b))1+ =D2 T))Y2M2 , @E > ! J2.&>5#+ (5/2#I1+9 J2.&>5#+ (5/2#I1+9 , Q))< 6c#+%&$2. Ounlbf Rkrîhklks y ka rkstf bk kh`ninbfrks kstuvdkrfl kl _kansdn, ... bdikrfl quk krnl pakldpftklodnrdfs kl nsultfs bk pnz ... [ln vkz quk aakjnrfl, rknadznrfl uln nsnh`akn kl an quk afs ofrdltdfs y, kl pnrtdouanr, afs tk`nlfs sk fpusdkrfl, nsè ofhf tnh`däl huomfs ftrfs bk afs jrdkjfs, n pnotnr ofl afs ntkldklsks, pkrf lf n bkstrudrafs. ?3
[)+2 T))/2I.# Q2.%# ! 1.+&$2 1.+&$2 @J:# DD 0, 03 ?#*&.#+@[2+1+ .e 1X* WA#>#2 ! [)+2 Q:#5L2 &n%:#>@J2/2 62 =1$9 @&:I>=1+9 *+2.021+9 :&21@J21+9 =k T))-.+ Afs anokbkhfldfs, sdl kh`nrjf, bdikrfl quk lf ksoanvdznrènl uln odubnb jrdkjn, quk mn`èn rknadznbf ul jrnl `klkodf kl ans hîs jrnvks sdtunodflks bk rdksjf fourrdbns n Jrkodn ?>
%J>,&+9 6 ! #2JA&%12 #2JA&%12 =#m=# &n9 =Z9 DD 0, 0> j/%#@J2/9 .e *#3 18 >S2 #X=p ! %J>,&+9 (5Y2#9. &n>+[2=#9 .< #X=1S9 lF)19 ! &%+&F&$=1 &%+&F&$=1 ! 1)09 1)09 Rkrîhklks y afs kh`nbnifrks quk kstn`nl ofl äa rkrdkrfl kstns pnan`rns n Ntklns. Na tdkhpf quk kltrn`nl kl an odubnb, ul luhkrfsf pfpuanomf afs rfbkn`n ?0
DD 0, 00 =k .e ^>=&%#I| Q ! Y::&))12 Y::&))12 18 ! %J>,&+9 %J>,&+9 6A< 1‡9 18 ?#*&.#+@[2+1+ ! 1+1$2=1 1+1$2=1 =E2 &n%Y2/2º ! %1/:[%&+ %1/:[%&+ .e #X=D2 j/%#@J2/9 , )J:M2 d9 F%E ! &I5&>5#+ &I5&>5#+ ?#*&.#+@12I1+9 *#3 =Z =&IF/ ! &%+#+%&$2 &%+#+%&$2.
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23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
Na bèn sdjudkltk afs kh`ninbfrks nlulodnrfl ans oflbdodflks `nif ans quk afs anokbkhfldfs oflokrtnrènl an pnz. Bk kaafs mn`aÿ kl prdhkr aujnr Rkrîhklks, bdodklbf quk krn lkoksnrdf f`kbkokr n afs anokbkhfldfs dloausf kl bkrrd`nr afs hurfs. ??
7D 0, 0? @&=Z .e =#m=# ?0>#2.%[9 =& *#=J ! )&+ )&+ &n9 =L2 {&+%#+’ *#3 18 AO:-.&9 *#=k>#2 *#3 =Z =&IF/ *#=J>*# ! =12 =12 ^ ! < #X)/=%I.M2 ! 1))k 1))k ! %15O@I| %15O@I| , 21@IH12=&9 6*&I2/2 =E2 \@J%#2 =k T))-.+ b%F&+2 =C9 6)&O5&%I#9. Bkspuäs bk kstf, Adsnlbrf pusf ruh`f ofl su lnvk na Sdrkf, afs rkeujdnbfs rkjrksnrfl y sk khpkzÿ n komnr n`nif afs hurfs ofl jrnl îldhf na sfl bk ans ffnutdstns, pfrquk oflsdbkrn`nl quk kl nquka bèn bn`n ofhdklzf an ad`krnodÿl bk Jrkodn. ?2
&3 =-F+>=# =Z @#*%Z =&IF/ *#3 =Z ! &%3 &%3 DD ?, >> 18 .e =%+-*12=# ″%J5/>#2 @e2 6 ! &3 =L2 {&+%#+’ *#5h%J5/º Afs Rrkdltn eukrfl f`iktf bk kakoodÿl dlhkbdntnhkltk bkspuäs bk quk afs hurfs anrjfs y afs bka Sdrkf eukrnl komnbfs n`nif. ?;
C)512º 18 .e .J*# =D2 62 b>=&+ DD 2, 02 *#3 18 @e2 =%+-*12=# i)&O>$2-.& Q ! C)512 *#3 @-)# =&=#%#:@J2M2 *#3 Q ! +>=102=M2 +>=102=M2 Q))Y)1+9 >S2 =1$9 8 !! -%F1+9 -%F1+9 6 ! &@J)12=1 &@J)12=1. 6c&*-5&O.12 .e *#3 18 8 !! &$9 &$9 62 =p ţ+.&Iq , =109 =& ‴ !! 1O9 *#3 =Z9 !! 1O9 Q> ! I.#9 I.#9 WF12=&9 , *#3 .+< Q ! +>=I#2 +>=I#2 6AK.&O12 =L @e2 QA< a> ! J%#9 J%#9 >S2 =#$9 Q> ! I>+ I>+ *#=Z =&IF/ , =L .e ! %L9 %L9 l%5%12 >S2 =1$9 ‴ !! 1+9. !! 1+9 Afs Rrkdltn hnromnrfl n Kakusds. T afs Bdkz, ofl an nyubn bk afs mdpnrofs, sk klonrjnrfl bk an jkltk bk an odubnb quk sk mnaan`n huy na`frftnbn y quk bksofln`n kltrk sè. Dloausf afs idlktks pnsnrfl an lfomk kl vkan kl ka Fbkÿl, ofl sus on`naafs y sus ksoubfs, y pfr bksoflnlzn mdodkrfl rflbns, bk ul anbf pfr an tnrbk na pdk bk afs hurfs, ofl afs ksoubfs, bk ftrf, na nhnlkokr, nhnlkokr, ofl afs on`naafs ?5
DD 2, 0; 18 .e ! 1))1I 1))1I =& …./ l2=&9 *#3 ! #2=1.# #2=1.# ! 1I 1I , , z ! )# )# 6 ! 1+1m2=1 1+1m2=1 , 18 @e2 c0)+2# , 18 .e 1n>0+2# , *#3 =#m=# 6)&O*1m2=1. ... 6ck>#2 ! 1))13 1))13 @e2 B ! )$=#+ )$=#+ , , ! 1))13 1))13 .e :O@2C=&9º 6:J212=1 .e #X=1$9 *#3 8 !! &$9 &$9 d>&3 a,.1@Y*12=#º ! %121@Z9 %121@Z9 .e ! 1+10@&21+ 1+10@&21+ , , *#3 )#@,-212=&9 c0)# *#3 g ! K%#2 K%#2 , 6*-5&O.12 ! -)+2 -)+2 62 {&+%#+&$. =
23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
Ästfs, quk krnl yn luhkrfsfs y bk tfbn oflbdodÿl, sk en`rdonrfl nrhns, ulfs bk hnbkrn, ftrfs bk hdh`rk, y ans pdltnrfl bk `anlof. ... sk pusdkrfl kl hnromn ul jrnl lùhkrf bk mfpadtns y ul jrnl lùhkrf bk sfabnbfs adjkrfs. Dloausf aakjnrfl n tklkr idlktks ofhf ulfs sktkltn. Oflsdjudkrfl nprfvdsdflnhdkltf bk efrrnik, nbqudrdkrfl hnbkrn y erutn, y pkrlfotnrfl lukvnhkltk kl ka Sdrkf. ?:
)1+9 6cŐ&+ , , 18 .e 8 !! &$9 &$9 DD 2, 05 =D2 .< 6* =1m b>=&M9 b))19 @e2 1X.&39 >S2 z ! )1+9 W>=+2 z=& *#3 )h>=Z9 6F&+%1m2=1 =D2 6* =1m {&+%#+D9 , *#3 =E2 A-)#::# #X=D2 6*#*10%:1O2. ... *#3 =10=1O9 ?O>I@#F19 B ‴ !! #%F19 Q ! J>A#c& J>A#c& !! #%F19 Kl ounltf n afs bk an odubnb, ldljulf hîs sk s k nvklturÿ n snadr ofl nrhns, sdl kh`nrjf afs idlktks kl uln fonsdÿl sk mdodkrfl ofl ul jrupf bk pdrntns frdjdlnrdfs bka Sdrkf y nsfanrfl su ksounbrÿl. ... N ästfs, Adsèhnof, ka ikek bk an on`naakrèn, afs bkjfaaÿ ?=
J*=&+2#2 .e *#3 18 62 {&+%#+&$ =D2 8 !! JM2 JM2 6 ! < Q:%1m )#,[2=&9 DD 2, 0: Q2=# ! J*=&+2#2 R#))I>=%#=12 AO)C9 ?&12=I.19. N su vkz tnh`däl afs bka Sdrkf onpturnrfl kl ka onhpf n ulf bk afs idlktks, n Onaèstrntf, bk an trd`u bk Akfltds y af hntnrfl. ?4
-2=M2 #X=D2 18 WA1%1+ *#3 18 W**)/=1+ , , 6cJ ! &@`#2 &@`#2 DD 2, ?= Q*10>#2=&9 .e ! -2=M2 &2=&*#I.&*# b2.%#9 &n9 =Z9 (5Y2#9 =Z9 (5Y2#9 , *#3 6 ! J=#c#2 J=#c#2 >S2 {#O>#2I| .+#))-c#+ ! &2=&*#I.&*# Ounlbf afs äefrfs y afs hdkh`rfs bk an nsnh`akn mu`dkrfl ksouomnbf n tfbfs kaafs, klvdnrfl qudlok mfh`rks n Ntklns y aks klonrjnrfl quk, ofl an nyubn bk Snusnldns, npnodjunrnl an sdtunodÿl 23
DD 2, ?4 {#O>#2I#9 @e2 .+C*& =L >=%-=&O@# , 18 .< 6* =1m {&+%#+D9 Q2&)5[2=&9 >S2 =1$9 z ! )1+9 )1+9 &n9 =E2 Q*%[ ! 1)+2 1)+2 W5O>#2 =k (5/2t =k (5/2t. Snusnldns adloklodÿ na kiärodtf7 afs bka Sdrkf nsoklbdkrfl ofl sus nrhns mnstn an Norÿpfads y rknadznrfl ul snordodf kl mflfr n Ntklkn.
4
MKAÄLDON_ BK IKLFEFLRK
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23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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77 >, >5 18 .< (5/2#$1+ .< (5/2#$1+ 6* =C9 N-@1O B%@K@&21+ =E2 ,#>+)JM9 *#*D9 6 ! 1I1O2 1I1O2 , *#3 6 ! 3 =E2 "I12 *#3 =E2 GA&>12 =E2 GA&>12 6 ! J ! )&12 )&12 , *#3 ! #%&>*&O-H12=1 #%&>*&O-H12=1 ! %L9 %L9 2#O@#FI#2 , *#3 >=%#=/:1S9 ! %L9 %L9 =1$9 ^ ! -%F1O>+ -%F1O>+ ! %1>&I)12=1 %1>&I)12=1 PJ2#2.%12 , _O.J# , R/A+>[.1=12. Afs ntkldklsks znrpnrfl bk _nhfs y onusnrfl bnþf na tkrrdtfrdf bka rky, pusdkrfl 0
77 >, >: ?0>#2.%19 .< 6* =C9 U[.1O ! #%Z #%Z =E2 ]M2I#2 6* ! )&$ )&$ ! %L9 %L9 =L2 T))Y> ! 12=12 12=12 ! %[9 %[9 =& =D2 ! )1IM2 )1IM2 =L2 W* ! )1O2 )1O2 *#3 6 ! 3 =Z9 QA&>=/*OI#9 #X=D2 ! [)&+9 [)&+9.
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77 >, >= \ :Z% (>I# :Z% (>I# ! 1)&@I# 1)&@I# #X=1$9 V2. ?0>#2.%19 .< 6c (,0.1O 6c (,0.1O ! #%J #%J ! )&+ )&+ &n9 ?-@`#*12 >0@@#F12 1o>#2 (5/2#IM2º *#3 18 (,O./213 *#3 18 b))1+ #%C>#2 ! &Hk &Hk. \:&$=1 .e jK%#c ?#*&.#+@[2+19. ! #%C>#2
2
77 >, >4 ! %1>,#)[2=&9 %1>,#)[2=&9 .e =k ! [)&+ [)&+ #8%1m>+ *#=Z *%-=19... =Z .e 6)&05&%# >K@#=# ! -2=# -2=# QAC*& ?0>#2.%19. ;
77 >, 03 18 .< (5/2#$1+ *#=Z ! [.#9 [.#9 ! )J12=&9 )J12=&9 d%@I>#2=1 =C9 "&%%12Y>1O 62 i)#+1m2=+ 2#O>32 g:.1Y*12=# *#3 a*#=[2. 62=#m5# .E Q%+>=1 ! 1+1O@J21+9 1+1O@J21+9 #X=1$9 Q::J))&=#+ =Z ! &%3 &%3 ?-@`#*12 , *#3 &X5S9 Q2YF5/>#2 &n9 N/>=[2.
0
23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
5
77 >, 0> 6*&$5&2 .< &X5S9 6 ! +>+=+>-@&21+ +>+=+>-@&21+ W ! )&O>#2 )&O>#2 &n9 ;n:L9 ! 1=#@1S9 1=#@1S9 Q2=I12 =C9 ?#@`-*1Oº .+&$F& .< B T))Y> ! 12=19 12=19 =#0=h >=#.I1O9 d9 ! &2=&*#I.&*# &2=&*#I.&*#. 62=#m5# .E 6.&+ ! 21 21 ! 1+1m2=1 1+1m2=1.
:
77 >, 00 ?0>#2.%19 .e =k 6 ! +10>h +10>h 2O*=I , , 6 ! &3 &3 l%5%19 V2 , 6>Y@/2&2 &n9 =Z9 2#m9 Q%+>=1 ! 1+/>#@J21O9 1+/>#@J21O9 &n>,#I2&+2
=
77 , >, 0? 18 .e (5/2#$1+ .e (5/2#$1+ f@# =p \)Iq Q2I>F12=+ 6 ! 3 =p )+@J2+ ! #%&=-c#2=1 #%&=-c#2=1 62 @&=K ! q d9 &n9 2#O@#FI#2. 6 ! &3 &3 .e 1X* Q2=#2Y:#:& ?0>#2.%19 , *#3 =C9 \@J%#9 g`e V2 , Q ! J ! )&O>#2 )&O>#2 ! -)+2 -)+2 &n9 =1S9 ;n:L9 ! 1=#@109 1=#@109. Afs ntkldklsks, ofl ka sfa snadkltk, sk bdspusdkrfl kl an `fon bka pukrtf ofhf pnrn uln
4
77 >, 02 ?0>#2.%19 .e =Z9 =#FI>=#9 =D2 2&D2 6*J)&O>&2 r ! &>5#+ &>5#+ =1$9 (5/2#I1+9...=#m=# .< 6 ! 1I&+ 1I&+ =J==#%#9 \@J%#9
>3
77 >, 0; ()*+,+-./9 .e *#=+.s2 6* =D2 =&+FD2 =1S9 @e2 (5/2#I1O9 @e2 (5/2#I1O9 62 #n:+#)p B%@1m2=#9 *#3 ! %L9 %L9 1X.&@+t ! [)&+ [)&+ , , =Z .< 6 ! +=Y.&+# +=Y.&+# 6* N/>=1m @&=+[2=#9 ! &2=&*#I.&*# &2=&*#I.&*# >=#.I1O9 Q ! L =D2 2&D2 , =1S9 .e ! 1)&@I1O9 1)&@I1O9 62 )+@J2+ *#3 ! %L9 %L9 ! [)&+ [)&+ WF12=#9 ! -2=# -2=# , 1X* 62 *#)p WA/ #X=1S9 B%@&$2
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23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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77 >, 05 18 .e >=%#=/:1I , , @-)+>=# .e _O.&S9 *#3 PJ2#2.%19 , Q ! +J2#+ +J2#+ #X=L2 6*J)&O>#2º >0
77 >, 0= ?0>#2.%19 .< &X5S9 6>Y@/2& =E2 =#FI>=/2 ! )&$2 )&$2º... R[2M2 .e n.s2 =L2 6 ! I ! )1O2 )1O2 , 6>Y@/2&2 &n9 =Z9 2#m9 ,1/5&$2 *#=Z *%-=19. D >?
77 >, 04 #X=L9 @e2 g*=s 2#O>32 Q ! J ! )&O>& )&O>& ! #%< #%< uX#:[%#2 &n9 R0 ! %12 %12 >2
-2=# &n9 DD >, ?3 ?0>#2.%19 .e =-9 =& 2#m9 *#3 =1S9 #nF@#)K=1O9 *#3 =v))# ! -2=# ?-@`#*12 Q ! Y:#:&2 Y:#:&2 , W)#,& .e *#3 =D2 >=%#=/:D2 b))1O9 =& *#3 w+)1*)J# *#3 (.&I@#2=12 *#3 (.&I@#2=12... W ! &@`& &@`& j&[ ! 1@ 1@ ! 12 =L2 P+)Y>+12 )h>=E2 &n9 ?#*&.#I@12# ! 12
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DD >, ?> @&=Z .e =#m=# ?0>#2.%19 x5%1I>#9 =1S9 >O@@-F1O9 6*J)&O>& ,1O)&0&>5#+ ! &%3 &%3 =D2 #nF@#)K=M2.... w+)1*)C9 .< V2 >=%#=/:L9 =D2 (5/2#IM2 , y9 =10=1O9 .+JA5&+%&2.
>5
77 >, ?0 6)J:&=1 .e *#3 b))# ! 1))1))- , *#3 W.1c&2 Q ! 1*=&$2#+ 1*=&$2#+ =D2 #nF@#)K=M2 z>1+ V>#2 (5/2#$1+ V>#2 (5/2#$1+ ! )E2 (.&+@-2=1O )E2 (.&+@-2=1O
2
23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
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DD 0, ? 62 .e =#$9 (5Y2#+9 =C9 {#%-)1O QA+*1@J2/9 2O*=L9 6)J:&=1 \ >O@A1%- , *#3 1n@M:E 6* =1m {&+%#+D9 .+Z =D2 @#*%D2 =&+FD2 &n9 b>=O .+C*&2
>=
1I/>#2 , 62 } W.1c& =109 =& )+@J2#9 DD 0, 2 =k .< ^>=&%#I| 6**)/>I#2 6 ! 1I/>#2 Q ! 1FD>#+ 1FD>#+ ! )E2 )E2 a2L9 *#3 =Z =&IF/ &X=%& ! IH&+2 IH&+2 *#3 AO)#*Z9 6A+>=-2#+ *#3 =v))# ! -2=# -2=# d9 &n9 ! 1)+1%*I#2 1)+1%*I#2 ! #%#>*&O-H&+2 #%#>*&O-H&+2 =E2 ! [)+2 [)+2. Na bèn sdjudkltk rknadznrfl uln nsnh`akn, kl an quk sk bkodbdÿ pflkr bdquks n afs pukrtfs, kxokptf n ulf, rkpnrnr afs hurfs, kstn`akokr junrldodflks, y prkpnrnr an odubnb kl tfbf af bkhîs ofhf pnrn ul nskbdf. >4
[2=1O 2#O>3 .+#*1>I#+9 QA+*[@&219 &n9 DD 0, ; ?0>#2.%19 .< 6* =1m T))/> ! [2=1O ?J>,12 *#=&>*&O->#=1 =-9 =& b))#9 ! [)&+9 [)&+9 62 #X=k *#3 PO=+)Y2/2º &n9 .e =Z 6 ! 3 j%~*/9 FM%I# W ! &@`& &@`& .J*# =%+Y%&+9 WF12=# i=&[2+*12
03
&@`& ! %L9 •:I2 %L9 •:I2 =& &n9 ₡&*J)&+#2 *#3 &n9 DD 0, : ?0>#2.%19 .e @&=Z =#m=# W ! &@`& ?#*&.#I@12# z=+ ! %1> %1> ! )&$ )&$ >S2 .+#*1>I#+9 2#O>I
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J.M*& =E2 ! [)+2 [)+2 ;n:+2Y=#+9 ... DD 0, 4 ?0>#2.%19 .e QA+*[@&219 &n9 ;:+2#2 Q ! J.M*& @&=Z .e =1m=1 .hK>#9 N#)#@$2# d%@I>#=1 ! &2=Y*12=# &2=Y*12=# *#3 a*#=[2
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%L9 %L9 =L2 {&+%#+’ 2#O>3
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23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
00
.< (5/2#$1+ ! 1)+1%*10@&21+ 1)+1%*10@&21+ *#=Z :C2 *#3 *#=Z 5-)#==#2 Ɛ ! [%1O2 [%1O2 DD 0, >3 18 .< (5/2#$1+ =I F%E ! 1+&$2 1+&$2 ... 62[@+H12 .e 1X.&@I#2 &“2#+ >M=/%I#2
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77 0, >> 6 ! &3 &3 .e ! #2=&)D9 #2=&)D9 …./ B >$=19 6 ! &)&)1I &)&)1I ! &+ &+ , , W ! &@`#2 &@`#2 ! %J>,&+9 %J>,&+9 ! #%< •:+2 #%< •:+2 , ,1O)[@&21+ >0@@#F1+ &“2#+ ?#*&.#+@12I1+9 WF12=&9 =Z =&IF/ *#3 =L2 {&+%#+’
02
DD 0, >0 B .e #X=1S9 &n9 ?#*&.#I@12# 6*J)&O&2 nJ2#+º 1X :Z% &“2#+ *0%+19 #X=[9. 6 ! &3 &3 .< Q ! Y::&+)#2 Y::&+)#2 18 ! %J>,&+9 %J>,&+9 =#m=# =1$9 (5/2#I1+9 =1$9 (5/2#I1+9 , W ! &@`#2 &@`#2 #X=1S9 &n9 ?#*&.#I@12#.
0;
%J>,&+9 6 ! &3 &3 †*12 1*#.& *#3 Q ! Y::&+)#2 Y::&+)#2 =#m=# &n9 =E2 ! [)+2 [)+2 , DD 0, >2 18 .e ! %J>,&+9 Q5O@I# 62J ! &>& &>& ! ’>+2 ’>+2º
05
&%3 .e =D2 =&+FD2 =C9 *#5#+%J>&M9 1X.&39 6,10)&=1 >O@,1O)&0&+2º DD 0, >; ! &%3 (%FJ>=%#=19 :Z% &n ! s2 s2 62 =k ,1O)k ?#*&.#+@12I1+9 *%-=+>=12 &“2#+ 6A< 1‡9 ! %1O*#)1m2=1 %1O*#)1m2=1 &n%Y2/2 ! 1+&$>5#+ 1+&$>5#+ , , 6.J5/º
5
23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
0:
77 0, >5 j&%@˅2/9 .+J=%+,& ! #%Z #%Z ?O>-2.%q =%&$9 @C2#9 *#3 ! )&IM )&IM 0=
&@`&2 Q::&)1m2=# @&=< b))M2 DD 0, >= ?0>#2.%19 .e =1$9 6A[%1+9 W ! &@`&2 ?#*&.#+@12IM2 (%+>=1=J)/2 , AO:-.# (5/2#$12 l2=# , z=+ Q ! 1*%I2#+=1 1*%I2#+=1 j/%#@J2&+ 6*&I21O9 *O%I1O9 &“2#+ &n%Y2/9 *#3 ! 1)J@1O 1)J@1O.
04
%J>,&+9 , 6 ! &3 &3 V>#2 62 N&))#>I| , ... &“ ! 12 12 DD 0, >4 j/%#@J2/9 .e *#3 18 b))1+ ! %J>,&+9 z=+ #X=1*%-=1%&9 ! &%3 &%3 &n%Y2/9. ... 6 ! &3 &3 .< †*12 , 6**)/>I#2 6 ! 1I/>#2 1I/>#2 , 62 } Q2=J)&:12 R1%I25+1+ *#3 j/,#$1+ @-)+>=# , ! 1))13 1))13 .e *#3 b))1+ =D2 T))Y2M2 , @E > ! J2.&>5#+ (5/2#I1+9 J2.&>5#+ (5/2#I1+9 , Q))< 6c#+%&$2.
?3
[)+2 T))/2I.# Q2.%# ! 1.+&$2 1.+&$2 @J:# DD 0, 03 ?#*&.#+@[2+1+ .e 1X* WA#>#2 ! [)+2 Q:#5L2 &n%:#>@J2/2 62 =1$9 @&:I>=1+9 *+2.021+9 :&21@J21+9 =k T))-.+
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%J>,&+9 6 ! #2JA&%12 #2JA&%12 =#m=# &n9 =Z9 DD 0, 0> j/%#@J2/9 .e *#3 18 >S2 #X=p ! %J>,&+9 (5Y2#9. &n>+[2=#9 .< #X=1S9 lF)19 ! &%+&F&$=1 &%+&F&$=1 ! 1)09 1)09
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23 ernjhkltfs ‑eîodaks‘ bk ans Mkaäldons bk bk Iklfefltk
?0
Y::&))12 18 ! %J>,&+9 %J>,&+9 6A< 1‡9 18 ?#*&.#+@[2+1+ DD 0, 00 =k .e ^>=&%#I| Q ! Y::&))12 1+1$2=1 =E2 &n%Y2/2º ! %1/:[%&+ %1/:[%&+ .e #X=D2 j/%#@J2/9 , )J:M2 d9 F%E ! 1+1$2=1 &I5&>5#+ ?#*&.#+@12I1+9 *#3 =Z =&IF/ ! &%+#+%&$2 &%+#+%&$2. ! &I5&>5#+
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7D 0, 0? @&=Z .e =#m=# ?0>#2.%[9 =& *#=J ! )&+ )&+ &n9 =L2 {&+%#+’ *#3 18 AO:-.&9 *#=k>#2 *#3 =Z =&IF/ *#=J>*# ! =12 =12 ^ ! < #X)/=%I.M2 ! 1))k 1))k ! %15O@I| %15O@I| , 21@IH12=&9 6*&I2/2 =E2 \@J%#2 =k T))-.+ b%F&+2 =C9 6)&O5&%I#9.
?2
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