Acts of the Apostles, Readers Edition Updated
Release 6.3.6 2/2/2014 4:16 PM Do not forget to check for the files of latest release (by the release version # and timestamping), as they are being updated continually and uploaded in IRENT translation of N.T. at tiny.cc/bostonreaders as well as on www.scribd.com/ounbbl. Since this work is an online serial, a better and easier way is for you to be on the list to get notified automatically for any new update to your e-mail. Send your request to
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•
Attached to this PDF file 1. Read_me_first for IRENT 2. Introductory Notes for IRENT 3. How to read the Pages of IRENT 4. ‘How not to read the Bible’ – an imported article 5. Walk through the Basic Words in the Scripture
List of current updated texts To serve an editorial record keeping; the rest is in the Appendix at the end of this file.
2/2/2014 The text aff ected i n t his up date: 6.3. 6 •
‘meat from animal sacrifice to pagan false gods’ > ‘meat from animals offered in sacrifice to pagan idols of false gods’; footnote added on Act 15:20]
• • • • •
‘Nebiim’ > ‘books of Prophets’ ‘Torah’ > ‘Law’ ‘Yeshua haMashiah’ > ‘Yeshua the Messiah’ ‘Mashiah’ > ‘Messiah’; ‘Mashiahn’ > Messianist ‘Mashiahn Community’ > ‘Messianic Community
• • • •
[‘Acts of the Apostles’ – footnote added] Act 1:2 [‘through holy spirit’ > ‘by means of holy spirit’; footnote added.] Act 1:24 [footnote added on ‘O Lord’] Act 3:1 [Footnote on ‘hour-period’ edited]
• • • • • • •
Act 3:13 [‘servant’ > ‘child’; footnote added] Act 3:16 [‘Source and Giver of Life’ > ‘Prince of Life’; footnote added Act 3:20 [‘Yeshua haMashiah’ > ‘the Messiah ~~ Yeshua’] Act 4:29 [‘Take notice of their threats’ > ‘Look upon their threatenings’] Act 7:60 [‘O Lord’ > ‘Lord’; footnote added] Act 13:5 [Footnote added on ‘Judaic people’] Act 13:5 [< ‘have brought you forth.> < ‘have revealed me to be father to you’.>]
• •
Act 15:17-18 [rephrased; cross-references cleaned.] Act 15:19 [The [+] expansion after ‘Elohim’ – moved into footnote]
1/14/2014 The text affected in update: 6.3.5 • • • • • • • • • •
‘from out of dead ones’ > ‘from out of the dead’] Act 2:17 [Footnote added ‘mortal beings of flesh-and-blood’] Act 2:20, 21, 25 [‘Adonai’ > ‘LORD’; footnote added] Act 4:12 [rephrased] Act 9:23 [‘peacefulness’ > ‘peace’] Act 13:10 [‘a Devil’s son’ > ‘devil-like guy’ – footnote edited.] crooked the straight paths of Adonai Act 13:10 [‘the straight paths of Adonai’ > ‘the straight ways of the Lord’; footnote added on ‘Adonai’ and ‘make crooked’] Act 18:25 [‘as to the spirit’ > ‘in spirit’; footnote added] heir perverse thinking Act 20:30 [‘things of perverting truths’ > ‘their perverse thinking’] Act 26:28 [Footnote on ‘Messianist’ – edited.]
11/3/2013 The text affected in update: 6.3.4 • • •
Kohen haGadol > the High Priest 19:14 [kohen gadol > a chief priest] 24:5 [‘religious tradition’ > ‘religion’; footnote added.]
Translator’s note: • Those lengthy speechesin the Acts are put in boxes for easy recognition. See the list in the footnote files.
• The place names appearing within the text which would serve as mile-posts are in larger red font.
Markers used in Paul’s journeys sail out beginning a sea voyage ship landing last port of call during the journey on foot
ISSN
1943-0345
Read I.R.E.N.T. –Vol. 1 No. 5 Acts – Readers Edition
Read IRENT Vol. I
An Invitation to Reading in English – N.T. [The Renewed Covenant in the Mashiah]
The Four Gospels & Acts No. 5
The Acts of the Apostles Readers Edition
安路者
Ahnrojah Books
2009
Read I.R.E.N.T. 2009
ISSN 1943-0345 (Vol. I, No. 5. I.R.E.N.T. – Acts – Readers Edition) 2009 Ahnrojah Books
The basic text of this I.R.E.N.T. is available free to all for their personal use. One may reproduce it in a print book form in any quantity as long as they are to be given freely. The text may be converted to other electronic format as long as it is to be free to the public.
Contents
Contents
A Publication Notice Overview/Outlines/Acrostic Bible
Prequel: Ending of G-Luke Part I (Ch. 1– 11) With Yerusalem Church Part II (Ch. 12 – 16) With Paul’s mission
Publication Notice
A Publication Notice A new fresh rendition of the New Testament into the colloquial common English is to be published as an online serial under the title of Read I.R.E.N.T., in Adobe PDF format accessible freely through the web. The title I.R.E.N.T., chosen for the translation text work itself, is an acronym for Invitation to Reading in English – New Testament. Uploaded is in the Vol. I the Four Gospels and Acts, The Acts (as most commonly called) was meant to comprise Luke’s one volume work together with his Gospel. This issue No. 5, the basic Readers Edition, has no Endnotes and easier to the eyes of those who simply wish to read through the text. In contrast, the Study Ready Edition comes in two PDF files, one for the translated text and the one for the Appendix and the Endnotes. It keeps the file size manageable, and, more importantly, allows two PDF files open side by side so that the reader has easy link between the text and the endnote. Updating is reflected in the release version number in the file name itself. Check always for the latest one. Check also for additional files, such as Introduction and Supplement. The list for References and Resources is to be found in the Introduction.
Overview/outline An Outl ine
Acts of the Apostles Part 1.
Chs. 1 – 12
Witnessing of the Mashiahn Community of Yerusalem
I.
Chs. 1-7
Witnessing of Mashiahn Community in preparation
1:1 – 26 2:1 – 7:60 II.
A. Witnessing In preparation B. Yerusalem Community
Chs. 8-12
Witnessing of Mashiahn Community from Yerusalem
8:1 – 40 9:1 – 9:30 9:30 – 12:25
A. Persecution leads Philips to proclaim in Samaria B. Persecution leads to conversion & call of Paul C. To Judea and Samaria Part 2.
Chs. 13-28
Witnessing of the Mashiahn Community through Paul
III.
13:1 – 21:26 13:1 – 14:28 15:1-35 15:36 – 18:22 18:23 – 21:26
IV.
Witnessing through Paul’s mission
A. Paul’s 1st journey on mission B. Yerusalem Council C. Paul’s 2nd journey on mission D. Paul’s 3rd journey on mission
27:27 – 28:31 Witnessing through Paul’s imprisonment 21:27 – 26:32 27:1 – 28:16 28:17-31
A. Paul in Yerusalem: Arrest and Trial B. Paul’s 4th journey in chain C. Paul’s last days in Rome
Search_the_Scriptures -lulu.com - items - volume 37 Outline : Acts of holy Spirit thru the Apostles I. The witnessing of His church in preparation (Ch. 1:1-2:13) A. The final command of Christ to witness (1:1-11) B. The spiritual unity & organization to witness (1:12-26) C. The holy Spirit given for power to witness (2:1-13) II. The witness ing of His c hur ch in Yerus alem (Ch. 2:14-7:60) A. Proclaiming & healing by Kefa brings thousands to salvation and growth (2:14-3:26) B. Persecution brings deepened spiritual boldness, love & unity (4:1-5:42) (5:1-11 Contrast of lies & selfishness on Ananias & Sapphira) C. Prayer brings the ordaining of seven local ministers (6:1-6) D. Persecution brings the message & martyrdom of Stephen (6:7-7:60) III. The witn essing of His c hur ch i n Ju dea and Samaria (C h. 8-13) A. Persecution leads Phillip to proclaim in Samaria (Ch. 8) B. Persecution leads to the conversion & call of Paul (Ch. 9) C. Vision leads Kefa to perform miracles and present Christ to Cornelius and Gentiles (9:3211:18) D. Persecution brings further expansion of the Gospel (11:19-30) E. Persecution brings death & imprisonment to the disciples (12:1-25) (Yaakob, bar Zebedee, beheaded, Kefa del ivered & Herod smote by God) IV. The witnessing of His church unto the uttermost part of the earth (Ch. 13-28) A. Paul’s 1st missionary journey with BarNabba & Yohanan Markus thru CYPRUS, PAMPHYLIA & PISIDIA (Ch. 13-14) B. The Yerusalem council to discuss Judaizers & the Gentile converts (15:1-35) C. Paul’s 2nd missionary journey with Silas & Timothy thru Asia Minor and Greece (15:36-18:22) D. Paul’s 3rd missionary journey to re-visit Asia Minor & Greece (18:23-21:26) V. The witnessing of His ch urch t hrough Paul’s imp risonment (Ch. 2 1: 27-28:31)
We-sections in Acts We-section I: 16:10-17 Into MACEDONIA (in Europe) We-section II: 20:5-16 We-section III: 21:1-18 We-section IV: 27:1 - 28:16 Voyage from Caesarea
Basic Words in the Scripture 1. ‘Yohanan the one also called Markus ’ (‘John Mark’) in Acts
Acts 12:12, 25; 13:5b, 13b; 15:36-40; Col 4:10 12:12 Yohanan, the one also called Markus ░░ (IWANHN TON EPIKLHQENTA MARKON) [‘Yohanan’– –Greek Hebrew name; /Yohan; /x: John] [‘Markus’ name; /> Mark] [Scholars refer him by “Mark the Evangelist”. His name should be transliterated as close as possible to the srcinal as ‘Yohanan, ~ Markus’, not as ‘John ~~ Mark’, which sounds like an English name.)] [The name in the Scripture is not like the modern English convention in the style of first name and last name. Only ‘ ben’ (Hebrew) or ‘ bar’ (Aramaic) would tell whose son the person to be identified. E.g. Yudah the son of Yaakob in Act 1:14 would be ‘Yudah ben Yaakob’ in Hebrew.] [BarNabba’s cousin – Col 4:10 – Luke does not mention this.] [Ref. C. Clifton Black (2001), The Rhetoric of the Gospel, (Ch. 5, The Case of the Feckless Ficelle) pp. 95-113.] A Yerusalemite, associated with the locus for the Judaizing party. Excused himself from the mission work of proclaiming the Gospel to the Gentiles, for which they – Paul and BarNabba (Barnabas)–were set apart by the holy Spirit (Act 14:26).
Acrostic Bible:
Acts Holy Spirit Working in Church
01. Heavenly ascension of Christ 02. Outpouring of holy spirit
18. Interview with Aquila, Priscilla
03. Lame man is healed
19. New believers in Ephesus
04. Yield from public preaching 20. Touching farewell from Ephesians 05. Sapphira and Ananias judged
21. Holy
06. Providing deacons ends injustice
22. Effect of Paul's Testimony
Spirit warns Paul
07. Intensive defense by Stephen 08. Rising persecution scatters church
23. Council of the Sanhedrin
09. Introducing Saul to gospel
24. Hearing held by Felix
10. Taking gospel to Cornelius
25. Urgent appeal to Caesar 26. Reasoning with King Agrippa
11. Worship with Gentiles defended
27. Caesarea to MALTA Island
12. Outbreak from the prison
28. Heralding Gospel in chains
13. Relaying gospel to Antioch 14. Kindness mixed with confusion 15. Investigation by Yerusalem Council 16. Need for Timothy's circumcision 17. Gospel presentation in Athens
Special thanks to Barry Huddleston, the author of ‘The Acrostic Bible’ (1978).
OT quotations & allusions in Acts
Parallel Passages in New Testament from Old Testament:
(Direct/indirect quotations + * Allusions)
>
Source (*allusion)
Reference
Source (*allusion)
Act 1:20 Act 1:20
Psa 69:25 Psa 109:8
Act 7:12 Act 7:13
Gen 42:2* Gen 45:1, 9*
Act 2:17-21 Act 2:25-28 Act 2:30 Act 2:30 Act 2:31 Act 2:34 Act 3:22, 23 Act 3:25 Act 3:25 Act 4:11 Act 4:11 Act 4:25, 26 Act 7:2 Act 7:2 Act 7:3
Joe 2:28-32 Psa 16:8-10 2Sa 7:12* Psa 89:4* Psa 16:10 Psa 110:1 Deu 18:15, 18, 19 Gen 22:18 Gen 12:3* Psa 118:22, 23 Isa 28:16 Psa 2:1, 2 Gen 15:7* Neh 9:7* Gen 12:1
Act 7:14, 15 Act 7:16 Act 7:17 Act 7:18 Act 7:19 Act 7:20 Act 7:21 Act 7:24 Act 7:26 Act 7:29 Act 7:30 Act 7:32 Act 7:33, 34 Act 7:35 Act 7:35
Gen 45:1-28* Jos 24:32* Exo 1:7& Exo 1:8* Exo 1:10, 22* Exo 2:2* Exo 2:3-10* Exo 2:11* Exo 2:13, 14 Exo 18:3* Exo 3:2* Exo 3:6 Exo 3:5, 7, 8, 10 Exo 2:14 Exo 3:15-18*
Act 7:4 Act 7:4 Act 7:5 Act 7:5 Act 7:6, 7 Act 7:8 Act 7:8 Act 7:8 Act 7:8 Act 7:9 Act 7:9 Act 7:10 Act 7:11
Gen 11:31* Gen 12:4, 5* Gen 12:7* Gen 13:15* Gen 15:13, 14 Gen 17:10* Gen 21:3, 4* Gen 25:26* Gen 42:13* Gen 37:4, 11, 28* Gen 39:1, 2, 21* Gen 41:37, 40* Gen 41:54*
Act 7:36 Act 7:36 Act 7:36 Act 7:36 Act 7:36 Act 7:37 Act 7:38 Act 7:38 Act 7:40 Act 7:41 Act 7:42, 43 Act 7:44 Act 7:44
Exo 7:1-12:51* Exo 14:21* Exo 12:41* Exo 15:23* Exo 16:1-36* Deu 18:15 Exo 19:3* Exo 20:1-24:18* Exo 32:1 Exo 32:19* Amo 5:25, 26* Exo 25:40* Exo 26:30*
Source (*allusion)
Acts
Source (*allusion)
Act 7:12 Act 7:13 Act 7:14, 15
Acts
Gen 42:2* Gen 45:1, 9* Gen 45:1-28*
Act 7:46 Act 7:47 Act 7:49, 50
Psa 132:5* 1Ki 8:1-66* Isa 66:1, 2
Act 7:16 Act 7:17 Act 7:18 Act 7:19 Act 7:20 Act 7:21 Act 7:24 Act 7:26 Act 7:29 Act 7:30 Act 7:32 Act 7:33, 34 Act 7:35 Act 7:35 Act 7:36 Act 7:36 Act 7:36 Act 7:36 Act 7:36 Act 7:37 Act 7:38 Act 7:38 Act 7:40 Act 7:41 Act 7:42, 43 Act 7:44 Act 7:44 Act 7:45 Act 7:45 Act 7:46
Jos 24:32* Exo 1:7& Exo 1:8* Exo 1:10, 22* Exo 2:2* Exo 2:3-10* Exo 2:11* Exo 2:13, 14 Exo 18:3* Exo 3:2* Exo 3:6 Exo 3:5, 7, 8, 10 Exo 2:14 Exo 3:15-18* Exo 7:1-12:51* Exo 14:21* Exo 12:41* Exo 15:23* Exo 16:1-36* Deu 18:15 Exo 19:3* Exo 20:1-24:18* Exo 32:1 Exo 32:19* Amo 5:25, 26* Exo 25:40* Exo 26:30* Jos 3:14* Jos 18:1* 2Sa 7:2*
Act 8:32, 33 Act 10:34 Act 10:34 Act 13:17 Act 13:17 Act 13:18 Act 13:18 Act 13:18 Act 13:19 Act 13:19 Act 13:20 Act 13:20 Act 13:21 Act 13:21 Act 13:22 Act 13:22 Act 13:22 Act 13:33 Act 13:34 Act 13:35 Act 13:36 Act 13:41 Act 13:47 Act 13:47 Act 15:16, 17 Act 17:31 Act 17:31 Act 17:31 Act 23:5 Act 28:26, 27
Isa 53:7, 8 Deu 10:17* Job 34:19* Isa 1:2* Exo 12:37* Deu 1:31* Num 14:33* Psa 95:10* Deu 7:1* Jos 14:2* Jude 2:16* 1Sa 3:20* 1Sa 8:5* 1Sa 10:21* 1Sa 13:14 Psa 89:20 1Ch 10:14* Psa 2:7 Psa 55:3 Psa 16:10 1Ki 2:10* Hab 1:5 Isa 49:6 Isa 11:10* Amo 9:11, 12* Psa 9:9* Psa 96:13* Psa 98:9* Exo 22:28 Isa 6:9, 10
[This page intentionally left blank.]
Prequel: G-Luke – Endin g Com m itt ed Disc ipl es 24:44-54 Lk: 24:44-49 (cf. Mt +28:18-20;//Mk +16:15-18) 24:44 And He said to them,
Comm iss ion t o the Disc
iples
“These are my words which I spoke to yoů, was still with while yoů: — that it is Inecessary for all the things to be fulfilled, which are written about me in the Torah of Moshe and the Nebiim and the Psalms.”
24:45
24:46
24:47
24:48 24:49
Then He opened up their mind so that they could understand the Tanakh Scriptures; and He said to them, “thus it has been written [in the Scriptures]{/mss} that the Mashiah must suffer and rise up from the dead on the third day; and that repentance for {/mss} forgiveness of sins should be proclaimed in His name to all the nations, beginning from Yerusalem. Yoů are witnesses of these things. And loo k¡ I, yes I, am sending upon yoů the promise of my Father: [i.e. holy spirit as gift] [ Act 1:5, 8] Yoů, though, are to remain in this City {of Yerusalem} until yoů become clothed with power from on high.” ⇨
Lk 24:50-52 {//Mk 16:19; //Acts 1:9-11,12} 24:50 And He led them out as far as Bethany and He lifted up His hands and gave them blessed words. 24:51 And as giving them blessed words, He departed from them { and was carried up [by the angels] to the heaven.} 24:52
Ascension
And they, {having prostrated to Him}, returned to Yerusalem with great joy.
Lk 24:53 {//Mk 16:19} (cf. Acts 1:3; 13:31) 24:53 And afterwards they were all their time celebrating in attendance at the Temple courts, with praising{/mss} God. {Amen.}
Clos ing Re m ar k
Festivals mentioned in Acts:
1. Pesach (the Festival of Matzah) – Act 12:5 (KJV rendering ‘Easter’ is anachronistic now)) 2. Shavuot (‘Pentecost’) – Act 2:1; 20:16 3. The Fast (of Yom Kippur) – Act 27:9
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Ac ts - PART I
The Acts of the Apostles
a
Part 1 Chs. 1 – 12
I.
Chs. 1-7 1:1 – 2:13 2:14 – 7:60
II.
Chs. 8-12 8:1 – 40 9:1 – 9:30 9:30 – 12:25
a
Witnessing of Mashiahn Community in preparation
A. The preparation and empowerment B. Yerusalem Community Witnessing of Mashiahn Community from Yerusalem
A. Persecution leads Philips to proclaim in Samaria B. Persecution leads to conversion & call of Paul C. To Judea and Samaria
Acts of the Apostles – Acts of God in holy Spirit through the Apostles after death-resurrection-ascension of
Yeshua haMashiah.
(Acts 1) Introduction
1:1-2
Introduction
1:1
The earlier writing of the narrative account I have produced,
a
my dear Theophilus, b concerned itself with everything Yeshua set out to do and to teach, 1:2
until the day that he was taken up [+] c
after having shown them through holy spirit d
[⇦Lk 24:49]
what they should be doing soon to the apostles e whom he had chosen. Presence of the risen Lord in person
1:3-8 1:3
Holy Spirit Promised
Likewise after his suffering [unto death on the cross], he showed f himself to these apostles as the living One [having been raised to Life], by many an irrefutable proof of it, having himself be seen g to them over a period of forty days, [ 1:15a 2:1] and telling the things concerning the Kingdom reign of Elohim. ⇨
1:4
⇨
And, while being together {/mss} h with them, he ordered them not to leave Yerusalem but remain there and
“Wait for what Father has promised to be fulfilled about which yoů all have heard from me: [ Lk 24:49; Jn 14:16; 20:22, 26] Yohanani, as I told yoů, indeed did immerse [people] in water; but [now] as for yoů all it is in holy spirit that yoů shall be immersed not many days from now.” [ Lk 24;49; Act 2:4, 38] ⇦
1:5
⇦
a b c d
e
⇨
1:1 earlier writing ~ ░░ [=Gospel of Luke] 1:1 Theophilus ░░ [= Lk 1:3; Gk. who dearly loves God’] 1:1 taken up [+] ░░ [+ into the heaven] [from v. 11; cf. Lk 24:51] [dual sense of ‘heaven’ and ‘sky’ 1:1 through holy spirit ░░ [Gk. dia pneumatos hagiou – ‘by means of holy spirit, that is, God’s spirit.] 1:2 apostles ░░ [not in the hierarchical sense as suggested by the term ‘apostleship’ as such, but of
missionary character withe.g. a commissioned task. Depending on the context, it also refers to other than the orginial Twelve apostles. 14:4, 14. See GG] f 1:3 showed himself to ░░ (paristēmi); />/presented himself to; g 1:3 had himself be seen ░░ (optanomai); /> appear; h 1:4 being together {/mss} ░░ {/having meal together}{/staying together} i 1:5 Yohanan ░░ [the Baptizer. Cf. Yohan]; /> John;
1:6
So, when they had come together, they began to ask him, saying “Lord! Is it at this time you are to restore the sovereign Kingdom rule to Yisrael?”
1:7
And he said to them, “No, it is not yoůrs to be concerned about dates and times, which the Father has set by His own authority. However, yoů shall receive power,
1:8
a
[⇨2:4] [Jn 7:39; 14:26]
[promised]
when spirit {/mss} comes upon yoů and yoů shallthe be witnessesholy of me both [here] in Yerusalem as well as in all Judea[Cf. Rev 11:3] and Samaria — yes, to the far ends upon the earth.” Yeshua’s ascension to the Father
1:9-11 1:9
1:10
1:11
Ascension to the Father
And after Yeshua had spoken these words, he was lifted up, as they were looking, and a cloud caught him out of their sight. And while they were looking on into the heaven as he was on his way up, look¡ two mmen stood by them dressed in white; who said,
Apostles gathered
1:12-14 1:12
1:13@
Apostles’ gathered in the upstairs room
Then they returned to Yerusalem from Mount of Olive-grove, as it is called, a place which is near Yerusalem [to east] — at a distance within the bound of a ‘shabbat day's walk’ b. And when they entered, they went up into the upstairs room c,
1:8 the [promised] holy spirit ░░ [i.e. ‘holy spirit, the very one which was promised’. Not ‘the Holy Sp irit (the Holy Ghost – KJV).] b 1:12 ‘shabbat day′s walk’░░ [distance of about 0 .58 mile, pemitted on shabbat day]; /> ~ journey; a
shabbat and – most; [IRENT renders as ‘shabbat(s)’, since English different ░░ /sabbath meaning usage, ecclesiastical as well as usage outside the Scripture.] . Fr.word Heb.‘sabbath(s)’ transliterate;has [‘Sabbath’ is God-given rest (‘Sabbath-rest’ Heb 4:9) in the Lord – with the Lord, because of the Lord, from the Lord, and for the Lord.][As provided for the daytime of 7th day of the lunar week, it is not prohibitory regulation, nor legalistic ritual.] c 1:12 upstairs room ░ /> upper room [cf. the Cenacle’( > Latin cenaculum) – the site of the Last Supper.]
where they had been staying; They were ●-Kefa a ● and Yohan ● and Yaakob ● and Andrew; Philip and ● Thomas, ● Bartholomew and ● Mattityahub, ● Yaakob the son of Alphaeus and ● Shimonc the Zealot; ● and Yudahd the son of Yaakob. [Lk 6:16; Jn 14:22] ●
1:14
All these were devoted in one mind with prayer and supplication e ● together with some women, also Mariam f the mother of Yeshua ● and together with Yeshua’s brothers [+including Yaakob].
Matthias chosen
1:15-26 1:15
Choosing Matthias
And it was during those days [ 2:1][cf. Lk 24:53] that Kefa stood up to speak in the midst of the fellow brethren {/mss}g ((— the whole company of persons who gathered together was about a hundred and twenty.)) And this is what he said: ⇨
1:16
“Gentlemen, fellow brothers! it was necessary that the Scripture of Tanakh should be fulfilled, [v.20] which the very holy spirit forewarned by the mouth of David concerning [what would fall on] Judas h, ((the one who became a guide for those who came to arrest Yeshua,))
1:12ff Kefa ░ /> Peter; [Gk. Peteros is a Greek translation word. He was not called ‘Peter’. See ‘Peter’ under Basic Words in the Scripture.] b 1:13 Mattityahu ░░ [Hebrew name] /Gk.Ματθαῖος; /> Matthew – most; c 1:13ff Shimon ░░ [Hebrew name] /> Simon; d 1:13 Yudah ░░ /> Judas – most; [To distinguish among many Judah (Yudah), Jude, etc. only ‘Judas’ is retained in IRENT only for Judas Iscariot.] e 1:14 supplication ░░ [not same as ‘prayer’ – See ‘prayer’ in Basic Words in the Scripture.] f 1:14 Mariam ░░ [ in Aramaic and Greek;. common name of unclear srcin. Mary in English; Maria in a
Latin][She wasfrom in early usual (Lk age 1:5 of marriage society.] [Not from David’s)]line (of the tribe of Yudah) but the teen, Tribethe of Levi. her beinginathat relative of Elishaba /Elizabeth /Mary – most; /Miryam – JNT; / g 1:15 fellow brethren {/mss} ░░ {/disciples} h 1:13 Judas ░░ [To distinguish among many with same name Judah (Yudah), Jude, etc. in Hebrew, only ‘Judas’ is retained in IRENT only for Judas Iscariot.]
1:17
because he had been numbered among us, being chosen to have his part in this ministry.
1:18
((As yoů know [this refers to what happened:] it is from the act of this very Judas a field became to be acquired with the payoff of his unrighteousness, and, [afterwards, he went away and hanged himself] falling headlong, he burst in the middle and all his bowels gushed out. And it became known to all the dwellers in Yerusalem; so-that in their own language that field was called Akeldama, a that is, the ‘Field of Blood-money’.))
1:19
1:20
It is, in fact, written in the book of Psalms, :{Ps 69. 25} and, {Ps 109:8}
1:21
Therefore,
1:22
1:23
1:24
1:25
1:26
as we have here mmen those who have accompanied with us during all the time the Lord Yeshua went in and went out among us, — beginning from His receiving the immersion from Yohanan, until the day that He was taken up from us — it is necessary that
⌂ one of these must become a witness with us of His resurrection.” And they put up two, Yosef, so-called BarSabbas, ((who was surnamed Justus)) and Matthias. And they prayed, “You, O Lord b, know everyone’s heart [what we have in mind] – Show which one of these two you have chosen to take part in this ministry and apostleship which Judas abandoned to go on to the place marked out for him.”
And they drew names between them, and it went to Matthias, and he was counted along with the eleven apostles.
1:19 Akeldama ░░ [located in the Hinnom Valley (‘Gehenna’), south of Yersualem running W to E to Kidron Valley] b 1:24 O Lord ░░ (7:60); [Gk. kurie - vocative (anarthrous) anaphorically to the preceding v. 21 ‘Lord Yeshua’, rather than in the sense of ‘Adonai’ which would be for the anarthrous nominative kurios. Possibly, O Adonai.]; /x: O Jehovah – NWT; a
(Acts 2)
2:1-2:47 Shavuot – Gos pel pr oclaim ed t o people of Di aspor a Shavuot (‘Pentecost’)
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Coming of the promised gift of holy spirit
And the day of ☼Shavuot a finally arrived. [ 1:15] [Lev 23:15-22; ☼Deu 16:9-10] All {the apostles} gathered together{/mss} as one. There suddenly came from the heaven ⇦
a sound as of blowing of a mighty wind; to fill up the whole house in which they were seated. And before their eyes appeared something like tongues of fire, being separated apart — which came to settle above each one of the apostles. And they were all filled with holy spirit, [the promised gift].[ 1:5; cf. Mt 3:11] [cf. Gen 2:7] the sound
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Diaspora Judaic people hearing in their own dialects And the apostles began to speak [+ about the great things God has done][2:11] [for the diverse people of Diaspora to hear] [= v.11; cf. v. 6] in different language dialects as the Spirit [of God] was granting them to speak out and declare [the message] boldly. as there sojourning in Yerusalem were devout Judaic people [of Diaspora] [visiting on pilgrim for the Festival]
from every country [in the Roman Empire] under the heaven. And when this sound [+from the place of the Apostles] came out and reached their ears, the multitude gathered around and became bewildered over how they could [somehow] hear in his own dialect b as the apostles speaking. [cf. v.4; v. 11 ] Indeed the people were {all} astonished and began to wonder, saying “Look¡ here, all these guys — speaking [like that]! but [obviously] they are [plain] Galileans, aren’t they? How is it, then, that we [+the Diaspora Judaic] are hearing — each in our own native dialect from where we were born?
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a b
— Parthians, and Medes, and Elamites; and those dwelling in MESOPOTAMIA, JUDEA and CAPPADOCIA, PONTUS, and Proconsular ‘ASIA’,
2:1 Shavuot ░░ in Heb. (Gk. Pentecost; but not to be confused with the so-called ‘Christian Pentecost’.) 2:6 dialect ░░ [of the common language Koine Greek after Alexander the Great’s conquest]
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and PAMPHYLIA, and the parts of LIBYA toward Cyrene; and the visitors from Rome – both Judaic and even proselytes to Judaism, Crete, and Arabia! How is it that we all hear as in our own language dialects when these men say as they tell about the great things Elohim has done?!”[=v.4b; v. 6] PHRYGIA EGYPT
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Yes, they were all astonished and were [now] perplexed, saying to each other, “What on earth going on here with all this?”
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There were others, however, who jeered at them, saying “[No, nothing much of substance to it.] It’s all ☼sweet-wineb
— they’ve had that much of it [to talk boldly like that] !” Kefa's Address 2:14-47 2:14
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Kefa’s preaching to his own Judaic people
But Kefa, standing up there with the Eleven, began in a loud and clear voice to address to them[2:6] these words: “My fellow men, yoů Judeans — also all staying here in Yerusalem! Get this clear#2 to yoů! pay attention to what I’m going to say, please! These people are, the fact is, not drunken, as yoů think; — yoů see, it’s only third hour-periodc in the day!
[≈ 8 to 9 a.m.]
But here is what has been spoken through the prophet Yoel{Joel 2:28-32a LXX}: And it will be in the last days, says Elohim,
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And in fact, even on My servants and on My maiden servants in those days I will pour out [a share] of My spirit, [ and they will prophecy.
⇨
v. 33]
2:10 Egypt ░░ [A Roman Province since BC 30 after its last Ptolemy dynasty (under Ptolemy XV coruled with his mother Cleopatra VII).] [Heb. Mitsrayim (as in Act 7:9ff)] b 2:10 sweet-wine ░░ [the season is not yet for summer harvest of grape to make wine] c 2:15ff hour-period ░░ [+ on sundial] [‘hour-period’ = a period on sundial with 12 periods in a day time. Not same as o’clock.] [third hour-period – the time of the morning prayer/sacrifice at the Temple] a
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And I will spread wonders in the heaven above and signs on the earth below; blood and fire and smoke; the sun shall be turned dark a and the moon turned red as blood b [Rev 6:12b; cf. Mt 2:29] before the Day of Adonai comes, the great and notable day. And it shall come to pass that whoever calls on the name of Adonai c shall be saved.> [Rm 10:13]
“My fellow men, yoů Israelites! Hear these words [from me]: Yeshua the Nazarean, a man shown forth by Elohimto yoů as what He truly was, through mighty works and portents and signs which Elohim wrought through Him in yoůr midst, just-as yoů yourselves also well know this One – the very Yeshua – who was given over — and that happened in accordance with the definite plan and foreknowledge of Elohim — yoů had Him {taken and} fastened [+] d in the hands of those outside the Torah, and yoů put Him to death: But Elohim raised Him up to Life, having loosed ☼the ropes of death e since it was not possible for Him to be held in the power of it. “ fIndeed, it was [as to be seen] in reference to the Mashiah — we should grasp this point! — that David says [as for himself],{Ps. 16:8-11}[ v. 31; Act 13:35]
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a b
Because He is at my right side I shall not be shaken. This is why my heart has rejoiced and my tongue has been full of exultation. Yes, and my mortal body of flesh too will have a sure hope [of being raised to Life] in which it can rest; Because you will not abandon my soul to Hades in death,
2:20 sun ~ dark ░░ [i.e. solar eclipse] 2:20 moon ~ red as blood ░░ [= ‘blood moon’, i.e. lunar eclipse]
c
YHWH – Heb. MT; /LORD’s – LXX; /of Jehovah – NWT; / Adonai[+] 2:21 /of [+ ░░░░ 2:23 of fastened on a wooden-stake] (Act 5:30; 10:39; 13:29) 2:24 ropes of death ░░ [ropes – emended based on the Aramaic word.] [fig. of ‘holding power’]; [//‘ropes of sheol’ in 2Sam 22:6; Ps 18:5; 116:3]; /x: pains of death – KJV etc.; /x: pangs of ~ – ASV, ESV; /x: agony of ~ – NIV; / f 2:25-35 ░░ [with Kefa’s own midrash (Judaic interpretation) on the David’s Psalm.] d
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Neither will you let your loyal one get decayed of f . [2:31] You made known the ways of Life to me. You shall fill me with joy by your presence.>
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“My fellow men, yoů brethren! Please, if I may say this openly to yoů about this very patriarch David … ((Yes, it is a fact that he died and was buried and his tomb is with us to this day.)) Being a prophet, thus, • having known that Elohim ☼had sworn to him on oath that from among his descendents# {according to the flesh-and-blood He would raise up the very Mashiah} to seat upon his# own throne, • foreseeing [the reality of] it, David did — yoů all should not miss! — [actually] speak of the resurrection of th is Mashiah when he said [as for himself] that [ v. 25] he {mss} a was ☼not to be abandoned there in Hades, nor did the flesh of His body get decayed of f . [ 2:27]{☼Ps. 16:10} ⇦
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It is this
very Yeshua that Elohim raised Him up to Life — of this we are all witnesses. Having been thus exalted to the right hand of Elohim [cf. Isa 53:1 ‘arm/power of YHWH’] and, having received from the Father, [cf. Jn 14:16] [=v. 4b; Hex has poured out this promised holy spirit — this is what yoů see and hear today!
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It was, in fact, not David who ascended not into the heavens, his own words being as follows:{Ps 110:1}
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a
v. 18;⇨v. 38]
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With certainty, therefore, let it be known, to the whole House of Israel that the man whom Elohim has made both ‘Lord’ and ‘Mashiah’ is the very Yeshua whom yoů have crucified.”
Now when they heard this, they were stabbed in their heart [and terrified] and said to Kefa and the rest of the apostles, “Fellow men, yoů brethren, what must we do?” And Kefa
said to them,
2:31 He ░░ {/His soul (‘his being’, not a disembodied spirit, ghost, or ‘immortal soul’)}
“repent [and turn from yoůr sins] a [3:19; 26:20] — yes, each one of yoů get immersed [ 2:41; cf. Mk 1:4b] on [the basis of] b the name of Yeshua haMashiah — ⇨
[That way, yoů are to be led] into [receiving] the forgiveness of yoůr sins and yoů shall have the freely given gift given to yoů,
that is, the [promised] holy spirit. [=2:4b; 2:39
⇦
2:33; cf. 10:44]
Yoů see, it is to yoů the promise belongs — and to yoůr children; and indeed to all those, however afar off, whom YHWH our Elohim will call to Himself.”
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And with many other words he testified and encouraged them, saying “Get yourselves kept safe away from this crooked generation!” Then those who gladly received his word received immersion, And on that day about three thousand souls was added. And they continued placing themselves faithfully ▪ to the teaching of the Apostles [5:42] ▪ to the fellowship of participating Life together ▪ to the breaking of their breadc ▪ and to the prayers [to God]. [v. 46] And awe-struck were every soul as many wonders and signs occurred through the apostles. And all those who became believers werefrom together having alland things common. They sold their in properties goods and divided them to all as anyone had need. And every day they continued steadfastly with one accord gathering together [at the prayer call] in the Temple court; They had ‘breaking bread’ at their house [of meeting], sharing meals with joyfulness and generous heart, As they were bringing praise Elohim, they found favor with all the people while day by day the Lord kept adding to them {/mss}d those getting saved.
2:38 repent and turn from your sins ░░ [not ‘feel remorse’; ‘regret’; or ‘repair’ ‘fixing’ but changing one’s thinking] a
b
on the basis of the ( immersed the2:38 name of’ – See)BW ‘in the name of’]name ░░ Gk. epi ~ [Cf. ‘immersed in the name of’ ; ‘immersed into c 2:43 breaking of their bread ░░ (Same in 20:7 and Lk 24:30. Cf. Lk 22:19) [Hebrew idiom – having a meal together in the setting of apape-meal (Cf. Yeshua’s ‘I am the bread’ – Jn 6:48ff.). Not related to the Lord’s Supper (1Co 10:16), an annual observance.] d 2:47 to them {/mss}░░ - most {/to the Apostolic Mashiahn Community – /church - KJV, NKJV}
(Acts 3) Act 3:1-10 3:1
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Kefa and Yohan
heal a c r ippled at the Te
Now Kefa and Yohan were going up into the Temple court at the hour of [priest’s] prayer — ninth hour-period. a {Ps 55:17} And a certain man who was lame with crippled legs from birth was used be carried up there by others This man would be put daily at a gate of the Temple precinct which is called ‘Beautiful Gate’, there to beg for gifts-of-mercy
m ple
[≈ 3 - 4 p.m.]
court. from and those entering into He, seeing Kefa Yohan about tothe go Temple into the Temple, began begging to get gifts of mercy. And Kefa along with Yohan, watched him carefully, and said, “Look at us in the face.”
And he having eyes on them, expecting to get something from them. Kefa said, however, “Silver and gold I have none . . . but what I do have — that I am giving yoů
in the name of Yeshua haMashiah the Nazorean — I say ” 3:7
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And Kefa taking him by the right hand All atand oncelifted him up. strength came to his feet and his ankles. And leaping up, he stood and began to walk, and he entered with them into the Temple, walking and leaping and praising Elohim. And all the people saw him walking and praising Elohim. And they took knowledge of him, that it was the one who sat for gifts-of-mercy at the Beautiful Gate of the Temple, and they were filled with amazement and astonishment at what had happened to him.
Act 3:11-26 3:11
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a
Kefa Add
r es se s the C r ow d
And as the lame man who had been healed was holding on to Kefa and Yohan, all the people ran together to them in what was called Solomon's Colonnade, utterly-amazed. And when Kefa saw it, he addressed these words to the people,
3:1 hour-period ░░ [a period on sundial, about an hour (with a daylight period = 12 hour-periods).]
“Israelites,
why do yoů marvel at this man? Or why do yoů stare at us, as though it were by some power or godliness of our very own that we had enabled him to walk? 3:13
[Yoů-all should know this:] The very Elohim of Abraham
and {Elohim} of Yitzchak a and {Elohim} of Yaakob — Elohim of our fathers — ☼
b
whomhas yoů glorified deliveredHis upservant Yeshua; and disowned before the presence of Pilate. (3:14)
Even when Pilate had decided to release Him, yoů, however,
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disowning the Holy and Righteous One, demanded that, instead, a man who was a murderer be released as a favor to yoů; thus yoů put to death the Source and Giver of Lifec the very One whom Elohim raised to Life from out of dead ones — a circumstance and fact of which we ourselves are witnesses.
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No, [it’s not our power or godliness.] It is because of putting faith in the very name of Yeshua, that this [lame] man, whom yoů are seeing here and yoů whom recognize, beenman’s givenfaith, strength byinvirtue of, that name; yes, ithas is this rooted Yeshua that restored him to full strength as all of yoů can see. And now brethren, I know that what yoů have done has been done in ignorance as yoůr rulers did. But Elohim fulfilled what He had fully announced in advance through the mouth of all the prophets — that His Mashiah should suffer. So then, come to repent and turn from your sins and turn [to our Elohim, the true God] to get yoůr sins blotted out, so-that appointed times of refreshing shall come from the face of the Adonai; and He shall send the Yeshua haMashiah
3:13ff Yitzchak ░░ /Isaac; 3:13 servant ░░ (Gk. pais); /x: child; /Son – KJV; / c 3:15 the Source and Giver of Life ░░ (archeos ~); /Prince of Life; /Originator of Life – NET; /one who leads people to Life; /the Source from whom Life flows out – ARJ; / a
b
who has been appointed beforehand for yoů: whom the heaven must receive until the times all things are restored, a things which Elohim has spoken of through the mouth of the{/mss} His holy prophets {from ages past}.
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Moshe indeed said, ☼ {Lk 23:29}
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Yes and all the prophets from Samuel and those who followed afterwards, as many as have spoken, they also told of these days. Yoů are the sons of the prophets and of the covenant which Elohim covenanted with yoůr fathers, saying to Abraham, {Gen. 22:18,26:4, 28:14}
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will all the families of the land get blessed words.> It is to yoů especially that,
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after having raised up His servant/child {Yeshua} to Life,[2:24] [cf. 3:22; words cf. 3:19 ‘turn Elohim sent Him to evil giveways.” by to’] turning yoů blessed from yoůr ⌂ every one of yoů
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And while Kefa and Yohan were still addressing to the people, there suddenly landed upon them — a pack of priests and the captain of the Temple guard These got greatly provoked
and some Sadducees!
because they were teaching the people and because they were a nnouncing – on the basis of the very Yeshua [for their argument] – the resurrection from out of dead ones. They seized and put Kefa and Yohan under guard until the next day since it was already evening. ((However, as for those who had listened to the message, many came to believe;
3:21 all things are restored ░░ [restoration with realization, on earth and in time, of messianic Hebrew prophecy from Moshe to Malachi. Not about the enetinity and heaven for ‘universal salvationism’] b 3:22 YHWH Elohim {/mss} ░░ /= LORD God; {/LORD our/ yoůr God} [Cf. LORD your God – LXX Deu 18:15] a
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men happened to be about five thousand.))
On the next day, on their part, the Sanhedrin members and the Elders and the soferim were gathered together in Yerusalem [at the Sanhedrin Hall [v. 15]] [+over such a dead serious development]; also assembled there were Hannan, a former Kohen haGadol, and Kayafa b, and Yohanan c, and Alexander, and all the rest belonging to the family of Kohen haGadol. And, having [+ along with the lame man who got healed] [v. 10] brought out Kefa and Yohan to stand in their midst, they began to inquire, “By what sort of power or in what sort of name, did yoů all [blatantly] do this?” And, having Kefa and Yohan stand in their midst, they began to inquire, “By what power or in whose name, did yoů [blatantly] do this?”
Then Kefa, filled with holy spirit, said to them, “Leaders of the people and Elders! 4:9 Are we being interrogated today over the matter of what we did good to an infirm man? By whom was this very man saved to be made whole? 4:10
Well then!
Let it be known to yoů all and to all the people of Israel that in the name of Yeshua haMashiah, the Nazorean, whom yoů crucified,
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whom Elohim raised to Life from out of dead ones — yes, it is in this very name that this man stands here before yoů — sound and healthy [as yoů see]! This Yeshua is ☼the stone-block rejected by yoů the builders, that has become the cornerstone. And indeed, in no one else there is such salvation [to be found]! Truth is, neither is there any other name under the heaven that has been given among mortal humans by which we must get saved.” ◊
Now when they saw boldness of Kefa and Yohan in speaking out, who were, as they could see, obviously uneducated and ordinary men,
a
4:6 (in but English fromfrom GreekHananiah form); [father-in-law of Caiaphas] Lkin3:23: 2; Jn ░░ /Annas 18: 13,Hannan 24][cf. similar named different (Gk. ‘Ananias’), the High[Also Priest 2; 24:1. Cf. same named persons (Greek form Ananias) – (1) the ill-fated one in Act 5:1 ff and (2) one of Yeshua’s disciples in Act 9:10 ff.] b 4:6 Kayafa ░░ /Caiaphas; c 4:6 Yohanan ░░ [different one from the baptizer]; /John;
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And they came to recognize them as men — no doubt about it — who had been with Yeshua. And seeing the very man who was healed standing there with them, they had nothing to speak against it. However, they conferred with one another, having ordered the apostles to leave the council chamber, saying “What are we to do with these men? The fact is, indeed a remarkable sign that has come about through them is plain to all who dwell in Yerusalem, and simply we cannot deny it. Still, in order to keep this from spreading further among the people, let us sternly warn them to speak out no more to anyone upon the basis of this name.”
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And they called them back and gave them strict order not to speak out or to teach on the basis of the name of Yeshua. But in reply Kefa and Yohan said to them, “Whether it is right in the sight of Elohim that we should listen to yoů rather than to Elohim, yoů can judge for yourselves; Yet, as far as we are concerned, it is impossible that we should not speak out what we have seen and heard.” The authorities uttered further threats. Yet they let them go since they were unable to come up as to how to punish them because of the people who were all praising Elohim on account of what had happened ((By the way, the man, on whom this sign of healing occurred, was over forty years old.)) And having being released, the apostles went home to their fellow believers and reported all that the chief priests and the Elders had said to them. And on hearing this, they lifted up their voice to Elohim with one mind, saying
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“O Sovereign Adonai! You who made the heaven and the earth and the sea and all that is in them: who {through holy spirit}, by the mouth of {our father} David your servant, said,
very YHWH Elohim against the and against His Anointed One a.>{Ps. 2:1-2} 4:27
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a b c d
Indeed, truly { here in this City} they have assembled themselves for a plot against Your holy servant b/child Yeshua, whom you have anointedas the Mashiah. There were both Herod Antipasc and Pontius Pilate, with them the Gentiles and the peoples of Israel, ready to do the very things Your hand and Your plan had foreordained to take place. And now, O Adonai¡ Take notice of their threats and grant Your servants to speak out Your word with all boldness, while you stretch out Your hand for the healing of people, so that signs and wonders may take place through the name of Your holy servantd Yeshua.”
And when they had made supplication, the place in which they were gathered together was shaken, and they were all filled with the holy spirit and they spoke the word of Elohim with boldness.” And the whole company of those who came to believe were of one heart and soul and not one of them said that anything belonging to him was his own; but all things were common to them to share. And with such great power | the apostles kept giving their testimony of the resurrection of the Lord Yeshua {haMashiah} and, yes, God’s great blessing was upon them all — in fact, there was not even one in need among them anymore, as was shown that all those who have fields or houses in possession would sell them and bring in what the things sold had fetched and would lay them at the feet of the apostles for its proceeds to be distributed to each as anyone had need. So it was that Yosef, a Levite, a native of CYPRUS, called by the apostles ((which is, being translated, ‘Son of Encouragement’)), sold a field that belonged to him and brought the money to place at the apostles' feet. ⌂
4:26 His Anointed One ░░ [that is, His Mashiah (>Messiah)] /x: his Christ (- anachronistic). 4:27 servant ░░ (pais); /x: child – KJV; 4:27 Herod Antipas ░░ [Ihe Judean Authorities against Yeshua along with Pilate, only also in Lk 23:6ff] 4:30 servant ░░ [Gk. paidon; same word Aramaic for child or servant.]
(Acts 5) 5:1 Yet there was a certain man named Ananias, with Sapphira his wife, sold a property, 5:2 and kept-back part of the proceeds for himself, with his wife's knowledge as well, and brought only a part and placed it at the apostles' feet. 5:3 But Kefa said, “Ananias! how did you get Satan to take{/mss}a control of your mind and make you to cook up a falsehood and
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very
cheat thepart ofholy spirit? from the sale of the land, You've held back the proceeds haven’t you? Was it not all yours so long as it remained as it was in your possession? And even after it was sold, was it not perfectly yours to do with in whichever way you pleased? How could you have conceived in your mind such an awful thing like this? It is not men to whom you have told your lie: but it is rather to Elohim. And when Ananias heard these words he fell and dropped dead and great fear came upon all who heard about it. And the young men came in and removed him; and they carried out and buried him. And it came to pass after an interval of about three hours, his wife also came in, not knowing what had happened. And Kefa answered to her, “Tell me if two of yoů sold the land for this much.” And she said, “Yes, for that much.”
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a b c
But Kefa said to her, “How is it that yoů two came to agree between yourselves to put the Spirit of Adonai b[cf. 5:3] to test? Listen, the footsteps of those who have buried your husband are at the door and they will carry you away.” And she fell down at Kefa’s feet, in an instant, and gave up her soul and the young men came in and found her dead and they carried her away and buried her by her husband. And great fear came upon the whole Apostolic Mashiahn Community c
5:3 take control of {/mss} ░░ {/hardened} 5:9 of Adonai ░░ /of LORD; /x: of the Lord – most; /> of Jehovah; 5:11ff Apostolic Mashiahn Community ░░ /Messianic Community – JNT; /Church – most;
and upon all who heard these things. 5:12
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And through the hands of the apostles many signs and wonders were shown forth among the people, and by common consent all the apostles were gathering together in the Solomon's Colonnade. Now no one of the rest had the courage to interfere with them; but rather the people gave them high praise; and, what’s more, a large number of men as well as women were added to them as believers in the Lord;
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a b
so much so that theyoneven the sick out into the street, putting them cots carried and pallets, in the hope that, when Kefa passed, at the least his shadow might fall upon some of them. And the crowds gathered together also from the towns around Yerusalem, bringing those sick and those afflicted by unclean spirits a — these were all healed. But Kohen haGadol rose up and all those who were with him the men belonging to the Sadducean party — they were filled with envy. They put their hands on the apostles and placed them in the common jail. However, during the night an angel b of Adonai opened the prison doors and brought them out, and said, “Yoů go forth, take your stand and proclaim in the Temple Court to the people everything which concerns this new way of Life.” And when they heard this, they went into the Temple Court at early morning and began to teach. Now when Kohen haGadol and those who were with him arrived, they summoned the Sanhedrin, that is, the full assembly of elders of the Israelites, and sent men to the prison-house to havethe prisoners brought out. However, when the officers came for them they did not find the apostles in the prison. And having return, they reported the matter in these words, “Well, sir, as for the prison-house we found it locked securely and there were guards standing at the gates. But, when we opened them, we found no one inside, sir.” Thus heard these words the captain of the Temple guard and the chief priests, and they got perplexed
5:16 unclean spirits ░░ (also 8:7)[cf. evil spirits – 19:12, 13] 5:19 angel ░░ [x 20 in Acts. This English word refers to ‘divine messenger’ – created spirit being.]
and were wholly at a loss as to what this could possibly mean. But someone came and reported to them, “Look¡ those men whom yoů put in prison are standing in the Temple courts and there nonchalantly teaching the people!”
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At that the captain went off with the officers and fetched the apostles, but dared not to use any force, being afraid that they themselves might get even stones thrown at who saw this not to be their liking. byapostles the people And the were brought in and made to stand before the council. There, Kohen haGadol began his questioning them, with these words: “We have given yoů the strictest orders to desist from teaching upon the basis of that man, {have we not?} And look, yoů have blanketed Yerusalem with a bunch of yoůr teaching stuff and determined to bring the very blood of that man upon us!”
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But Kefa and the apostles answered and said, “We must obey God rather than men. Elohim of our fore-fathers raised up Yeshua to Life, whom, yoů slew, having hung up ☼on a wooden-stake{☼Deu 21:22} a — the One whom Elohim exalted to His right hand as ‘Leader’ and ‘Savior’ —
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to bring repentance to Israel, yes, forgiveness of sins And we are witnesses of these things, and so is the holy Spirit, whom Elohim has given to those who obey Him.”
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5:33
5:34
5:35
On hearing these words they got infuriated and determined to bring them to death. But someone stood up in the Sanhedrin council, — a Pharisee, named Gamaliel, a Torah-teacher# honored by all the people — and ordered the men to be put outside for a while. And he said to the council, “Yoů hmen of Israel!
Be careful what yoů are about to do to these men
5:36
Remember that some time ago rose up claiming to be somebody a man called Theudas to a revolt, [< 6 CE] to whom a number of men, about four hundred,
5:30 hung on a wooden- stake ░░ (also 10:39) [Cf. Deu 21:22, but, there, ‘hanging on a stake’ is not of crucifixion for execution, but of impalement of the dead body for exhibition after execution by stoning.] a
joined themselves to his cause. This man was killed [by Romans] and all those following him was dispersed, and nothing came of it. After him rose up Yudah, a Galilean, in the days of the registration a for census and drew-off some people to follow after him: he also perished [by Romans], and all those who were obeying him were scattered [— + then turned into the Zealots].
5:37
5:38
And now I say this to yoů, stay away from these men and leave them alone: because if this plan or this working be of men, it shall be overthrown: but if it is of God,
5:39
yoů will not be able to overthrow;
or, yoů may even be found fighting against God. ” ⌂ 5:40
5:41
5:42
And the Council took his advice and summoned the apostles in. And after having them flogged they ordered the apostles not anymore to speak out upon the basis of the name of Yeshua. and then released them. So the apostles, for their part, left from the presence of the council, [5:40; 1:7] indignity rejoicing that they were deemed worthy to3Jn suffer in order to keep that very Name honored. And every day, they never ceased teaching, both in the Temple courts and at home, announcing good news about the very Mashiah [having come in the person of] Yeshua.
(Acts 6) 6:1
Now in these days when the disciples were increasing in numbers there was [within the Mashiahn Community] a murmuring from the Greek-speaking Israelite people against the Hebrew-speaking Israelite people, b
5:37 registration ░░ [the one taken under the governor Sulpicius Quirinius, 6 CE. Cf. Lk 2:2 a special registration administered by him, not as a governor.] b 6:1 Greek-speaking ~ Hebrew-speaking Israelite people ░░/Hellenistic ~ Hebraic Jews; / [‘Israelite’, i.e., ‘Judaic people’ of Judaic culture, history, ethnicity and religion. Note: ‘Christianity’ as such was not a religion as such separate from pre-Rabbinic Judaism.] a
6:2
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because their widows had been slighted in the daily distribution of food. And the Twelve called the multitude of the disciples to them and said, “It is not pleasing that we should leave the word of Elohim in order to ‘serve tables’ instead! Therefore fellow brethren yoů choose from among yoů, seven men well witnessed, full of {holy} spirit and of wisdom, whom we may appoint in charge of this necessary-task. Then, as for us, we will give all our time to prayer and to the ministry of the Word.” And what they said pleased the multitude and they chose [seven – ] Stephen, a man full of faith and of holy spirit, and Philip and Prochorus and Nicanor and Timon and Parmenas— and Nicolaus a proselyte [=converted to Judaism] of Antioch [of SURIA]; they presented these men to the apostles, who prayed and laid their hands upon them.
6:7
And the word of Elohim kept spreading, and the number of the disciples greatly increased in Yerusalem, and a large number of the [Judaic] priests became obedient to the FAITH.
6:8
And Stephen, full of [God’s] grace{/mss}a and of power, did great wonders and signs among the people.
Stephen Arrested
6:9
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But some from the so-called synagogue — composed of the Cyrenians andofofthe theLibertines, Alexandrians, and as well as of those from the Roman provinces of CILICIA and ASIA — came forward and began to debate and dispute with Stephen. Yet, they were not able to stand up against and refute the wisdom and the spirit with which he was speaking out. Then they secretly put up some mmen to say, And they stirred up the people as well as the Elders and the soferim and jumped out at him, seized him and brought him to the Sanhedrin Council, There they set up false witnesses, who said, “This man does not stop speaking blasphemous words against this holy place b [=the Temple] and the Torah: In fact | we have heard him say,
6:8 grace {/mss} ░░ {/faith – KJV++} 6:13 this holy place ░░ [= Mt 24:15 ‘a holy place’; the Temple in general; not same as ‘the Holy places’, nor ‘the Holy of Holy places’ in Heb 8:2ff.] a
b
that this Yeshua the Nazorean will tear-down this Place and will have the customs changed, which Moshe handed down to us.” 6:15
And looking at Stephen with their eyes fixed on him, all those sitting in Sanhedrin Council saw that his face was like the face of an angel.
(Acts 7) Stephen’s apologia 7:1-53 7:1
7:2
Stephen’s apologia
And Kohen haGadol asked, “These accusations – are they as facts as has been stated?” And Stephen said, “mBrothers and fathers, hear me! Abraham (Gen 12:1ff)
7:3
“The Elohim of glory appeared to our father Abraham, while he was in MESOPOTAMIA, before he went to settle in Charan a, and said to him,
I will show yoů.>
7:4
7:5
7:6
Then he came out of the land of the Chaldeans and dwelt in Harran and after the death of his father Terah [at hundred thirty years of age]b God had Abraham resettled# from there, into this very land, in which yoů now dwell. And God did not give him any of it as inheritance, not even a foot of ground and promised to ☼give it to him as his possession and to his seed after him, even though as yet he had no child. And Elohim spoke as this: <☼his seed will be alien-resident in a foreign land — even they should bring them into bondage and mistreat them —
a
7:2 Charan ░░ /Harran; /[a city which in Northwestern Mesopotamia] [cf. ‘Haran’ – Abraham’s elder brother] b 7:4 his father ░░ [Terah was 205 year-old when he died (Gen 11:32). Abram, Nahor, Haran were born to him after when he was 70 year-old (Gen 11:26) (= Terah began having children at age 70, when his eldest son Haran was born). Abram was 75 years old when he left Harran (Gen 12:4) – this means Terah was 130 year old when Abram was born.]
four hundred years. <☼I surely will judge the nation
7:7
to which they will be in bondage,
And Elohim said,
and render-sacred-service me in this place.> 7:8
And He gave him the covenant of 'circumcision' [Gen 17:10] and thus [= in accordance with all this] he fathered Yitzchak and gave him brit-milah a on the eighth day, and Yitzchak did the same for Yaakob, and Yaakob for the Twelve Patriarchs. [Gen 37 ff] Yosef as a like-model
“And the patriarchs, being jealous of Yosef /Yosef, sold him into Mitsrayimb. But Elohim was with him, and rescued him from all his afflictions and gave him favor and wisdom before Pharaoh, king of Mitsrayim, who made him rule over Mitsrayim and his entire household.
7:9
7:10
7:11
Now there came a famine over the whole of Mitsrayim and CANAAN and great misery prevailed when our forefathers found nothing to eat.
7:12
But when Yaakob heard that there was grain to be found in Mitsrayim, he sent down our forefathers there first. And it was at the their second visit, Yosef made himself known to his brothers, and so it happened that Pharaoh came to be informed of Yosef’s family. And Yosef sent for Yaakob his father and all his relatives, seventy five souls in all. Thus, Yaakob went down into Mitsrayim, and there he himself died.
7:13
7:14
7:15a
b 7:16
and
[his body was carried to Canaan and buried an Abraham’s burial site, the cave at Machpelah] And his descendants—our forefathers died there too; their bones – Yosef and his sons – were later removed to Shechem and laid in the tomb [in the field]
is, Yaakob] , purchased [family of]in , [that — thefor Abraham a price silver from the sons of Hamor in Shechem. a b
7:8 gave brit-milah ░░[‘brit-milah’ - Judaic circumcision rite]; /> circumcised - most; 7:9ff, 34, 40 Mitsrayim ░░ [= Pharaoh’s Egypt, in contrast to Roman Province in Act_2:10]
Moshe as a like-model (Exodus 1 ff) 7:17
7:18
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7:20
“But as the time drew near for Elohim to fulfill His promise the one He had covenanted with Abraham, the people grew and increased in number in Mitsrayim, until there arose another king to rule over Mitsrayim, who did not know about Yosef.
This one exploited our people and oppressed our fore-fathers, forcing them to abandon their babies out exposed in the open so that they might not be kept alive. At which
due time Moshe was born
and was wonderful to Elohim, and he was nursed three months at home. 7:21
And when he was exposed as such, Pharaoh's daughter declared to be hers and reared him up as her own son.
7:22
And Moshe was instructed in all the wisdom of People of Mitsrayim, and was mighty in his words and works.
7:23
But when the time of forty years was fulfilled with him, it came into his heart to visit his brethren, the children of Israel.
7:24
And seeing one of them being ill-treated, he defended him and, by striking that guy of Mitsrayim down, avenged the one who had suffered cruel treatment#:
7:25
And he supposed his brethren would understood that Elohim was putting him to deliver them with his hand — the fact was, they failed to grasp this.
7:26
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And on the following day he came upon to a scene of two of them who got into a fight and seeking to reconcile them and talk them into making peace, he said “Hey, yoů are brothers! Why do yoů hurt each another? At that the man who had been first to make his fellow countryman suffer wrong thrust him aside with this word, “Who set you over us a ruler and judge? You do not wish to kill me as you killed the guy of Egypt yesterday, do you?”
And on hearing this Moshe fled the country and settled as a foreigner in the land of where eventually two sons were born to him.
MIDIAN,
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“And when forty years were fulfilled, an angel appeared to him in the desert-wilderness of Mount Sinai, in a flame of fire in a bush. And when Moshe saw it, he marveled at the sight and as he came near to consider what it was, a voice of YHWH came to him,
7:33
7:34
And Moshe was trembling, and did not dare to consider what it was. And the Adonai said to him , {Ex 3:7-8; 10}
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This same Moshe whom they had rejected by saying {Ex 2:14} — Elohim has sent him as both a ruler and a redeemer with the hand of the angel that appeared to him in the bush. This man led them forth, having done wonders and signs in Mitsrayim as well as at the ☼See of Reed c; and in the desert-wilderness forty years. This is that Moshe, who said to the children of Israel, ☼[also 3:22] {☼Deu 18:15; 18-19}
7:38
a b c
This was he who, at the time when the people was assembled#1 in the desert-wilderness, encountered the angel#2 who spoke to him on Mount Sinai; he was with our fore-fathers. It was Moshe who received the God’s living utterances to give to us:
7:32, 37 Elohim ░░ / God – most; [IRENT has ‘Elohim’ in place of ‘God’ in O.T. quote or in O.T. setting.] 7:34, 40 Mitsrayim ░░ (7:9ff); [Pharaoh’s Egypt] 7:36 Sea of Reed ░░ - after MT reading; /Red Sea – Gk, LXX
7:39
7:40
“However, our fore-fathers refused to render obedience to him. On the contrary, thrusting him away and turned towards Mitsrayim in their hearts, saying to Aaron,
7:41
7:42
!> And they made a calf in those days and brought a sacrifice to the idol and was merry in the works of their hands. But Elohim turned and gave them up to serve the host of the heaven; as it has been written in the Scroll of the PROPHETS, {Amos 5:25-27 LXX}
7:43
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a b c
No, instead yoů put up the tent of shrine a for Moloch as well as {/your} star god Remphan, the images which yoů made as objects for yoůr worship. Therefore, I shall put yoů on exile to beyond Babylon.>
“The tabernacle of the testimony was with our fathers in the desert wilderness, fashioned according to the direction given by the God, who had told Moshe to make it after the pattern which he had seen. After that, our forefathers, having had the tabernacle handed over to them, took it with them when they were with Yehoshua, son of Nun, b as they were entering the land at the time of dispossession of the Gentiles, who Elohim was driving out before the face of our fathers. And so it continued until the days of David, who, finding favor in the sight of Elohim, asked to search out a tabernacle c for Elohim of Yaakob.[Ps 132:5 LXX] In the end, however, it was Solomon who built Him a house.
7:36 tent of shrine ░░ /x: tabernacle – KJV; /x: tent; /> shrine 7:45 Yehoshua, son of Nun,░░ (also in Heb 4:8) (Not same person of Lk 3:29); /Joshua; /Jehoshua; 7:46 tabernacle ░░ [skēnōma - ‘tent of mortal body’ 2Pe 1:13. Cf. skēnē. See BW.]
7:48
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“But the Most High does not dwell in what has been made with hands; as says the prophet, {Is. 66. 1a} says YHWH Elohim, {Is. 66. 12}
“☼Yoů stubborn and obstinate, ☼with
no circumcision of either heart or ears!
Yoů are the ones who always ☼defy the very holy Spirit:
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7:53
as yoůr fathers did, so do yoů also. Which one was there among the prophets whom yoůr forefathers did not persecute? Moreover, they put to death those who announced in advance the coming of the Righteous One; of this very One, now in our own day , yoů on yoůr part have become betrayers and murderers. Yoů are the very ones who received the Torah
as transmitted through divine messengers’ hands [7:35]
but yoů have not obeyed it!” 7:54
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7:57
((Now when they heard these things, they were cut to the heart and they were gnashing their teeth at him.)) But he, being full of holy spirit, looked up and fixed his eyes intently to the heaven and saw God’s glory and Yeshua standing at the right hand of Elohim, and said, “Behold, I see the heavens opened up and the Son-of-man a standing at the right hand of Elohim.” At that, crying out with a loud voice, they covered their ears [with their hands] [not to hear any more of blasphemy from him].
7:58
And all rushed together upon him; and having thrust him out of the City they began stoning him to death. As for the witnesses they took off their robes and laid at the feet of a young man named Saul.
7:56 the Son-of-man ░ {/the Son of God}; [‘Son-of-man’ - messianic title, used by Yeshua as circumlocution of ‘I’ in the Gospels. Here the only instance in which the Lord was thus referred to by human lips. The risen Lord is ‘who the Son-of-man was’.] a
7:59
Yes, they were stoning Stephen, and as they did so, he called upon [the Lord] and said “Lord Yeshua, receive my spirit.”
7:60
And falling on his knees, he cried with a loud voice, “O Lord,a do not hold this sin against them.” And it was his last words as he fell asleep to rest in the Lord. [Stephen’s martyrdom – ca 37 CE] As for Saul he gave his hearty consent to the execution of Stephen.
8:1a
(Acts 8)
Persecution of Mashiahn Community in Yerusalem 8:1b
c
8:2
8:3
It so came on that day a great persecution upon the Mashiahn Community in Yerusalem, and all were dispersed over the regions of JUDEA and SAMARIA, except the apostles [themselves]. Some
devout mmen carried [the body of] Stephen [to a tomb] and mourned deeply over him.
There, as for Saul, his aim was to wipe out the Mashiahn Community — going from house to house, dragging away both men and women, and putting them into prison.
8:4
Thoseproclaiming who got dispersed, onoftheir part, went[of from place to the place, good news the Message the Mashiah, Risen Lord] . Philip proclaims Mashiah in Samaria 8:5
8:6
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There, as they dispersed, Philip [one of the Seven][6:5; 21:8] on his part went down to a city of SAMARIA and proclaimed the Mashiah to the people. And the crowds with one accord paid close attention to what Philip was saying to them, as they heard and as they witnessed the signs he performed — indeed, [in case of] many of those who had unclean spirits these spirits, crying with a loud voice, came out [of them]. Besides, many who were paralyzed or crippled got healed. As a result there was great rejoicing in that city. Shimon the magician converted
8:9
But there was a certain man, Shimon by name, who had previously been practicing [shamanic occult] magic there in the city
7:60 O Lord ░░ (Cf. 1:24) [kurie in vocative (anarthrous) anaphorically to the preceding v. 59 ‘Lord Yeshua’, rather than in the sense of ‘Adonai’ which would be for the anarthrous nominative kurios.]; /x: Jehovah - NWT a
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and astonishing the people of SAMARIA, claiming himself to be someone great. Everyone, high and low, paid attention to him, saying , — known as “the Great Power-”. And they were paying close attention to him, because for a long time he had astonished them with [performances of occult] of his sorceries. But when the people began to believe Philip as he proclaimed the good news of the Kingdom reign of Elohim [as telling them about] the good news of the name of Yeshua haMashiah, yes, they submitted themselves to immersion, both men and women. In the end, even this Shimon himself became a believer, and, after receiving immersion, attached himself with Philip, and as he saw great signs and mighty works taking place he got astonished.
Kefa and Yohan sent to Samaria 8:14
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a
Now when the apostles who were at Yerusalem heard that [people in] SAMARIA had received the word of Elohim, they sent Kefa and Yohan down there to join them. When the two had come down, they prayed on the behalf of those Samaritans, asking that these new believers may receive holy spirit. The fact was, as yet holy spirit as such hada fallen upon none of them: they had only been immersed into the name of the Lord Yeshua. Then they laid their hands on them and they began to receive holy spirit. Now when Shimon saw that it was through the laying on of the apostles' hands that such {holy} spirit was given, he offered them money, saying “Give me also this power and authority, so that everyone I lay my hands on may receive holy spirit.” But Kefa said to him, “May your silver be destroyed together with you! You thought that the freely given gift of Elohim could be bought with money! You have no part or place in this work of ours, for | your heart is not right before Elohim.
8:16 immersed into the name ░░ [(19:5) different from ‘immersed in the name’ Act 10:48. See BW]
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a [to turn] from your evilness and why don’t you pray to Elohim{/mss}! Who knows, God permitting, this intention in your heart might be even forgiven. The fact is, I can see plainly that a ☼bitter poison has taken hold of you, and unrighteousness holds you in its grip☼.”{Dt 29:18 LXX; Is 58:6}
So, repent
And Shimon answered and said, “Please, yoů pray to the Lord for me,
so that none of the things which yoů have spoken of may befall me.”
8:25
Then, as for the apostles, they started-back to Yerusalem after they had borne witness and spoken the word of the Lord, even as proclaiming a good-news to many villages of the Samaritans [on the way].
Philip witnessing to a high official of Ethiopia 8:26
8:27a
8:27b
8:28
But an angel of Adonai spoke to Philip, saying ((This is a desert road.)) And he got up and went off. And look ¡ there, a high court official of Ethiopia, b a man in power under Candace, that is, queen of the Ethiopia, He was in charge of all her treasury, and had come to Yerusalem to worship at the Temple; and he was now on his return journey and, seated in his chariot, he was reading aloud the prophet Yeshayahuc.
8:29
And the spirit d [of God] said to Philip, “Go up there and join him in that chariot-carriage.”
8:30
And Philip ran up to him and heard him reading aloud Isaiah the prophet and said, “Do you actually understand what you are reading aloud?”
8:31
And he said, “Really?! How could I ever? Unless someone guides me …” And he pleaded with Philip to come up and sit with him.
8:22 repent ░░ [not ‘feel remorse’; ‘regret’; or ‘repair’ but chaning one’s thinking.] 8:28 a high court official of Ethiopia ░░ [a G reek-speeking Israelite in Diaspora.][Modern day Ethiopia is not the same as ancient one here, which was more northwest.]; /x: an Ethiopian (man); c 8:28 Yeshayahu ░░ /Isaiah; / d 8:29 the spirit [of God] ░░ /the Spirit – most; /x: the Holy Spirit – GNB, NLT; / a
b
8:32
Now the passage of the Scripture which he was reading aloud was this,
even thus 8:33
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a
In {His} humiliation justice was taken away from Him. Who is going to tell about the generation which might come from Him, seeing that His life is taken away from the earth a?>{Is. 53. 7, 8 LXX}
And the high court official answered Philip and said, “May I ask you, about whom is the prophet saying this? Is it about himself or about some other?” And Philip opened his mouth — beginning with that very passage of the Scripture he went on proclaiming-the-good-news concerning Yeshua to the official. And as they proceeded along the way, they came to a certain body of water, and the high court official says, “Look¡ here’s some water! What would keep me from getting immersed?” {And Philip said, If you believe with all your heart, it is permitted. And he answered and said, I believe that Yeshua haMashiah is the Son of Elohim.}
And he commanded the chariot to stand still and they went down into the water, both Philip and the high court official, and Philip got him immersed [into Yeshua]. And when they came up out of the water, Lord’s spirit took Philip away; and the high court official on his part saw Philip no longer and went on his own journey rejoicing But as for Philip [the next thing which happened to him was that] he was shown up at Ashodod and going through all the towns he continued proclaiming-the-good-news until he got to Caesarea- by-the-Sea.
8:29 earth ░░ [metonymic for ‘the land people live in’ ‘the world of people’]
(Acts 9) Conversion of Saul 9:1
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Saul, meanwhile, still spewing death threats against the disciples of the Lord, approached Kohen haGadol, asked of him letters to the synagogues in Damascus to authorize him so that if he find there anyone fled from Yerusalem – whether men or women – who were followers of ‘the Way’a [as it was known] he could arrest and bring them back to Yerusalem But it came to pass as he was going along, as approaching Damascus suddenly a light from the heaven flashed around him: and he fell to the ground and heard a voice saying to him, [22:7; 26:13] “Saul, Saul, how is it that you’re coming after on me with such ill intent b?” And he said, “Who are you, Sir?” And the One {said}{/mss}, “The same Yeshua, the One you’re coming after, is me! {It is hard for you to kick against the goads /sticks [like this].}”
9:6
And he, trembling and astonished said, “Lord, what will you have me to do?” And the Lord said to him,}
but “Get up and go into the city and you will be told what you must do!” 9:7
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But the men who were on journey together with him remained there speechless c, hearing a voice [of Saul speaking] [cf. 22:9] but seeing no one [other than Sau himself]. And Saul got up from the ground, and when he opened his eyes, he could see nothing.[v. 18] So they led him by the hand and brought him into Damascus. And he was for two days unable to see and did neither eat nor drink. Now there was a certain disciple by the name of Ananias in Damascus,
a
24: 18:the 9:2of‘The ( 19: 23; of 14, 22) [=(16: The Way of expression Mashiah. Cf. ‘the way theidentical Lord’ ( to 25); the ░░Cf. way God’Way’ (18:26). ‘a9,way salvation’ 17)] [The is related butofnot word ‘Christianity’ = ‘revelation and teaching’ from the Mashiah. However ‘Christianity’ as such is usually mistaken as a religion and often equated with Christian religions (e.g. Catholicism, Protestantism, etc.).] b 9:4 coming after on me with such ill intent ░░ /> persecuting me – most; c 9:7 remained speechless ░░ /stood speechless – most; [cf. 26:14a – all fell to the ground]
and the Lord said to him in a vision, “Ananias!” “Here I am, Lord!” he said. 9:11
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And the Lord said to him, “Get up and go down to the street which is called ‘Straight’ and at the house of Yudah look for one named Saul of Tarsus: indeed, look, you’ll find him at prayer at this moment! yes, in a vision he has seen a man named Ananias coming in and laying his hands on him so that he might receive his sight. But Ananias answered, “Lord, there are many who have told me about that man! What great harm he has done in Yerusalem to those consecrated to you! Moreover, here he is with the authority from the chief priests to imprison everyone who calls upon your namea. But the Lord said to him, “Be on your way seeing that this man is a chosen vessel of mine to bear my name to the Gentiles and kings as well as to the sons of Israel: And indeed, I myself will show him how many things he mustendure and suffer on behalf of my name.” And Ananias went off and entered into the house and, laying his hands on him said, “Brother Saul! The Lord Yeshua, who appeared to you on the road in which you came, has sent me, so that you may regain your sight and be filled with holy spirit.” And at once something like scales fell from his eyes and {instantly} he regained his sight, and he got up and received an immersion-rite; and, taking some food, he was strengthened. There for several days Saul remained with the disciples in Damascus b.
Saul Proclaims Yeshua in Synagogue 9:20
a b
And he began at once proclaiming Yeshua in the synagogues,
9:14 your name ░░ [= Yeshua (v. 16). The name YHWH would not be understood by the Gentiles.] 9:19 Damascus ░░ [See Gal 1:17 – he went to Arabia (for three years) and returned to Damascus.]
9:21
9:22
that this Yeshua is the Son of Elohim. And all who heard him were astonished and said, “This is the very one who made havoc in Yerusalem on those who called upon this name and that he had come here for the very purpose to bring them bound to the chief priests, isn’t he?” But Saul was all the more empowered [in his proclaiming] and was stirring up the Judaic who living in Damascus, by the proofs he gave that this Yeshua is indeed the very Mashiah [they have been long waiting for].
9:23
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9:25
And after quite a few days, the [Diaspora] Judaic people deliberated together to bring Saul to death; however, their plot against him reached to his ears. They closely guarded the city gates both day and night [waiting out] for a chance to do away with him. However, one night the disciples {of the Mashiah} took him and, lowering him in a large basket, let him down the city wall [through a look-out opening] [to escape] .
9:26
When he got back to Yerusalem, Saul tried to join the disciples but they were all afraid of him,
9:27
now a to [of the Lord]. not believing disciple But BarNabba took that him he andwas brought the apostles and told them in detail how he had seen the Lord on the road while he was on his journey and how the Lord had spoken to him; and how, in Damascus, he had spoken out boldly in the name of this very Yeshua.
9:28
Thus, Saul became freely associating with them in Yerusalem, speaking out boldly in the name of the Lord [Yeshua]. and he was speaking and debating with the Greek-speaking Judaic people; but they were making attempts to kill him. And when the brethren found about this, they took him down to Caesarea [by the Sea in Samaria] a and sent him off to Tarsus.
9:29
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Then the
Mashiahn community
9:30 Caesarea [by the Sea in Samaria] ░░ [= ‘Caesarea Maritima’. An important seaport city built by Herod the Great in Samaria, 55 miles NNW of Yerusalem. Cf. He also built Caesarea Philippi] a
– throughout all Judea and Galilee and Samaria – indeed enjoyed a period of peacefulness. They were being up-built [in the faith] and living on in the reverence for the Lord, and, finding itself consoled by the holy Spirit, it increased in the number of the followers. 9:32
And it came to pass, as Kefa went through all the regions, he came down also to those consecrated to God
9:33
who hadthere their adome at Lydda . And he found certain man named Aeneas, who was paralyzed and had been bed-ridden eight years. And Kefa said to him, “Aeneas, Yeshua haMashiah divinely heals yoů! Get up and make up your bed.”
a
9:34
9:35
9:36
9:37
9:38
9:39
9:40
And at once he got up. And all who lived in Lydda and in Sharon saw him, and they turned to the Lord. And there was a certain disciple named Tabitha in Yafo b, who is called Dorcas c as translated to Greek. This woman was full of good works and acts of mercy, — she was doing them at all the times. And it came to pass in those days, that she died, being sick, and, having washed her, they laid her in an upstairs room. Now Lydda was near to Yafo; and when the disciples heard that Kefa was there, they sent two men out to him with for him, pleading him . And Kefa arose and went with them. And when he had come, they brought him into the upstairs room. And all the widows stood by him weeping and showing the tunics and garments which Dorcas made while she was with them. But Kefa put them all outside and, having knelt down, prayed, and turning toward the body, he said, “Tabitha, Arise!” And she opened her eyes, and when she saw Kefa, she sat up.
a b c
9:32 Lydda ░░ [11 mlies SE of Yafo] 9:36 Yafo ░░ /Joppa; [a seaport 35 miles NW of Yerusalem; modern Jaffa merged with Tel Aviv] 9:36 Dorcas ░░ [Gk. dorkas – gazelle, deer]
9:41
And he gave her his hand and raised her up, and calling the God’s consecrated people, yes, widows, he showed her to them alive sound and safe. And it became known throughout all Yafo and many believed on the Lord. And it came to pass that he stayed many days in Yafo with a certain Shimon a tanner.
9:42 9:43
(Acts 10) Cornelius becomes a believer
10:1-8
A vision of Cornelius
10:1
10:2
10:3
10:4
10:5
10:6
10:7
10:8
Now there was a certain in Caesarea [Maritima], Cornelius byman name, a Roman centurion in the Cohort ‘Italian’ as it was called , As a devout a man, who, together with his whole household,worshiped Elohim,b 1 being generous with gifts of mercy for the [Judaic] people and offering prayer to Elohim without missing any prayer hour.c Just about ninth hour -periodd of the day e [while in minkhah prayer] [3 p.m. Day 1] he saw clearly in a vision — an angel of Elohim come in toward him and say to him, “Cornelius!” And Cornelius stared at him in fear and said: “What is it, sir?” And the angel said to him, “Your prayers and your gift of mercy are gone up to be remembered before Elohim. And now send men to Yafo and send for a Shimon, who is surnamed Kefa: he is lodging with a certain Shimon a tanner, whose house is by the sea f.” And when the angel who spoke to Cornelius had departed, he called two of his house-servants and a devout soldier from among those who had continued-steadfastly with him; and having explained all things to them, he sent them off to Yafo [a coastal city 30 miles south] .
10:9-43
A vision of K
efa
10:2 devout ░░ [≈ v. 22 righteous (Torah-observant)] 10:2 worshiped Elohim ░░ [i.e., ‘God-fearer’, a term denoting a gentile who has become to follow Judaic life-style but not fully converted.] [Also v. 22.] a
b
c
offeredprayer. prayer Shakharit without missing prayer hour [Judaicbefore prayes going three times a day] is [ Minkhah ░░Maariv the10:2 afternoon , recitedany upon arising, and to bed.] /> pray always (continually, constantly); d 10:3 ninth hour-period░░ i.e. on-sundial;[a period of about an hour around 3 p.m.] e 10:3, 9 day ░░ [ = that which begins at sunrise for daytime, rather than a 24-hr calendar day.] f 10:6 the sea ░░ [i.e. the Great sea; Not to be confused with Sea (Lake) of Galilee.]
10:9
Now on the next day, while these [three men of Cornelius] were still on the journey [afoot] and approaching the city [of Yafo], Kefa on his part went up onto the flat rooftop to offer a pray around sixth hour-period a [around noon]
10:10
And he became very-hungry and wanted something to have a bite on: but as they were preparing it, a trance fell into {/mss} him.
10:11
10:12@
10:13@
And heand sees the sort heaven opened some of holder descending {toward him} — like a very large linen-sheet held by its four corners being let down to the ground in which were all kinds of four-legged and creeping reptiles of the land and flying-creatures of the air. And there came a voice to him, “Get up, Kefa; slaughter and eat!”
10:14
But Kefa said, “By no means, Lord! See that I’ve never eaten anything that is ritually unfit and unclean.”
10:15
And again a voice came to him, the second time, “What Elohim has declared clean, you [must] not regard [anyone] ritually unclean!”
10:16
And this happened three times And then at once the holder was taken up into heaven. 10:17
10:18
10:19
10:20
10:21
a
Now while Kefa was perplexed in himself over the meaning of what the vision he had seen, look¡ the men who were sent by Cornelius, having made inquiry for Shimon's house, stood at the gate” and they called out and inquired if Shimon, called Kefa, was staying there [as a guest]. And as Kefa was mulling over the vision, the Spirit said to him, “Look¡ { three}{/mss} men are looking for yoů [at the door]! So, arise and go down and accompany with them without hesitation in doubt: because it is I who have sent them.” And Kefa went down to the men and said, “Here I am — the one yoů’re looking for. What brought yoů [to trouble] to come down [this far]?”
10:9 sixth hour-period ░░ [a period of about an hour -period before midday.]
[Day 2]
10:22
And they said, “Cornelius, our centurion of our army, has sent us — a [Torah-obserant] righteousa man, a gentile Elohim-worshiperb, well-spoken of by the whole nation of the Judaic people; he’s got divinely warned by a holy angel to summon you to his house and to hear what you have to say.
10:23-44 K efa find s C orn 10:23 So Kefa invited them in and welcomed them to stay overnight. And on the next day he got up and set out with them; and some of the fellow brethren from Yafo accompanied him. 10:24 And on the next day they arrived at Caesarea. And Cornelius was waiting for them, having called together his relatives and his close friends. 10:25 And it happened that when Kefa entered, Cornelius met him and knelt down at Kefa’s feet and prostrate before him [in profound respect]. 10:26 But Kefa raised him up, saying “No, sir! Do rise up, please. I myself am just a mortal man too.” 10:27
10:28
elius
[Day 3] [Day 4]
And after talking with Cornelius, Kefa went in; and finds there many people gathered together. And he said to them,
“Yoů yourselves well know
how it is not permitted [at all] for any man who is Judaic to associate with or visit anyone who is not Judaic, 10:29
10:30
10:31
10:32
and yetthat Elohim hasregard shownno meone ritually unfit or unclean. I should So, I came really up here without objection, when I was sent for, Now I have to ask the reason yoů have sent for me, don’t I?” And Cornelius said, “From then – on three days ago – until this very hour I was {fasting, and} praying at the ninth hour-period in my house,[around 3 p.m., Day 1] and look¡ a man stood before me in bright clothes, and says, he isand staying in the housecalled of Shimon
a b
10:22 righteous ░░ [Torah-observant; ≈ v. 2 devout] 10:22 gentile Elohim-worshiper ░░ [= v. 2 ‘God-fearer’.]
10:33
10:34
So right away I sent for you, and it’s very good of you to have come. Moreover, we are now all here in the sight of Elohim, to hear all that you have been commanded by the Lord.” And Kefa opened his mouth and said, “I now certainly see that Elohim is not someone who shows partiality in dealing with men 10:35 On the contrary, no matter what nation they are from, those+ who revere Him and follow what is righteous before Him, are pleasing to Him. 10:36 True enough, it was to the sons of Israel that He sent forth His message, and it was to them that, through Yeshua haMashiah, good-news of shalom was announced. It is this Yeshua haMashiah who is Lord of all. 10:37 As for yourselves, yoů know well enough of the events which have lately occurred throughout Judea events which started from Galilee, after the immersion proclaimed by Yohanan. 10:38 Yes, about Yeshua, the one who was from Nazareth — how Elohim anointed Him as the Mashiah with holy spirit and with power: who went through the land doing good things and healing all those oppressed by the Devil; as Elohim was with Him. 10:39 And we are witnesses of all things which He did both in the land of Judea, yes, in Yerusalem — whom they put to death having hung up ☼on a wooden -stake.{Cf. ☼Deu 21:22} a 10:40 Elohim raised him up to Life on the third day and gave Him to become manifest, 10:41 not to all the people, but to witnesses that were appointed before by Elohim, that is, to us, who ate and drank with Him after He rose from the dead. 10:42 And He directed us to proclaim to the people and to testify that this is the very One who has been chosen by Elohim to be a judge over both the living and the dead. 10:43 To Him all the prophets testify, that through His name everyone who believes in Him will receive forgiveness of sins.”
10:39 hung on a wooden- stake ░░ (also 5:30) [allusion to Deu 21:22, but, there, ‘hanging on a woodenstake’ is not of crucifixion but of impaling of the body after execution.] a
Cornelius - Holy spirit to the Gentiles
10:44-48 The Ge nti les r ec eive the holy spir 10:44 While Kefa yet spoke these words, the very holy spirit fell on all those [in Cornelius’] who were hearing the word. 10:45 And those believers from among the ‘circumcision’ who had come with Kefa were astonished, because the freely given gift of the very [promised] holy ☼spirit had been poured out a {☼Ezk 39:29; Is 32:15} even on these b Gentiles;[11:16-18; 19:5-7; Gal 3:14] 10:46 indeed, they were hearing them speaking in [their own Gentile foreign] ‘tongues’ and praising [the greatness of] Elohim. Then Kefa replied, 10:47 “Is there anyone who would presume to withhold the water for immersion from those people who have received the very holy spirit?” 10:48
it
So he gave an order to have them get immersed in the name c of Yeshua haMashiah{/mss}d. And this having been done, they asked him to stay on for a few days.
(Acts 11) 11:1
11:3
Now the apostles and the fellow brethren who were in Judea heard that the Gentiles too had received the word of Elohim. So when Kefa came up to Yerusalem, those of the circumcision party found fault with him, arguing, “You went into [the home of] uncircumcised men [to be their guest] — [how in the world] ! you did [even] share a meal with them?!”
11:4
But Kefa began and explained it to them [what happened] all in order, saying
11:2
11:5
“I was in the city of Yafo, there praying and in a trance I saw a vision:
a
Isa10:45 44:3]spirit ~ pour out ░░ [pour out – baptized; cf. breathed out ~ received (Jn 20:22)] [spirit //water – b 10:45 these Gentiles ░░ [they were God-fearing Gentiles] c 10:48 immersed in the name of ░░ [different from ‘immersed into the name of’ (Act 8: 16; Mt 28:19b; Rm 6:3; Gal 3:27). See BW] d 10:48 Yeshua haMashiah {/mss} ░░ {/the Lord}
Here descending down some sort of a holder like a very large linen-sheet, lowered from the heaven [held] by four corners,
and it came right down to me. 11:6
11:7
((as I looked at it intently I was observing:)) And saw the four-legged animals of the land — even wild beasts— and crawling things and flying-creatures of the air. And I heard also a voice saying to me,
11:8
But I said,
11:9
But a voice replied the second time from the heaven,
11:10
And this happened three times and all were pulled up back into the heaven.
11:11
11:12
11:13
11:14
11:15
11:16
And behold! right away three mmen stood before the house in which we-were {/mss} staying, having been sent to me from Caesarea. And the Spirit told me to go with them, {doubting nothing /without hesitation} And these six fellow brethren here also accompanied me, and we all entered into the house of that man, [Cornelius]. And he [Cornelius] informed us how he had seen the angel standing in his house and saying And as I began to speak, the very holy spirit fell on them, just-as upon us at the beginning a. And I remembered the word of the Lord, how He used to say, *
[1:5] but yoů shallimmersed be immersed
a
11:15 at the beginning ░░ [i.e. at the Pentecost Event vv. 2:1ff]
11:17
11:18
If then He {/mss} gave to them the same freely given gift [of holy spirit] [equally] like he did also to us [10:45; 19:5-7; Gal 3:14] when we believed on the Lord Yeshua haMashiah, {now} who was I so that I should be able to stand in the way of Elohim?”
And they, having heard these things, quieted down ceasing their objections and glorified Elohim, saying “Well then, indeed to the Gentiles also Elohim has granted repentance into Life!
BarNabba looking for Saul 11:19
11:20
11:21
Meanwhile, as for those who had been scattered as result of the persecution which took place following the death of Stephen they made their way as far as PHOENICIA, CYPRUS, and Antioch [in SURIA] — it was only to the Judaic people there [in Diaspora] they managed to proclaim God’s message. However, there were among them a number of men, natives of Cyprus and Cyrene, [cf. 13:1] who, when they had come to Antioch [in SURIA], began to speak to the Greek-speaking Israelite people a too, bringing to them good news of the Lord Yeshua And the hand of Adonai was with them and a great number who believed turned to the Lord [Yeshua].
11:22
11:23
11:24
11:25 11:26
11:26b
a
And when this news about Antioch reached the Apostolic Mashiahn Community in Yerusalem, it prompted them to send out BarNabba to Antioch to check things out. When, upon arriving, he got to witness the working of Elohim’s grace there, and became full of joy. He encouraged them all to remain [faithful] to the Lord with devoted hearts ((there he was, being a good man, full of holy spirit and of faith)) — even a large crowd was added to the Lord. And BarNabba went to Tarsus to seek Saul; and, having found him, brought him to Antioch. And it came to pass for them to meet with the congregation there for a whole year and to teach a large crowd
11:20 Greek-speaking ~ people ░░ (also 6:1; 9:29); /> Hellenists; {/mss – Greeks; Grecians – KJV}
and for the first time there in Antioch it came [for them] to call the disciples ‘Mashiahns’a. 11:27 11:28
11:29
11:30
Now in these days prophets came down from Yerusalem to Antioch. And there one of them named Agabus came forward and, prompted through the Spirit, pointed out to them that there was going to be a great famine throughout all the land of Judea: ((This in fact occurred in the days of Claudius {Caesar}.))[CE 41-54] And the disciples [there in Antioch], according to their ability, determined sendbrethren ministering to the to fellow livingrelief in Judea. They carried out what they had decided, having it sent to the [Israelite] elders, with BarNabba and Saul in charge.
(Acts 12) Yaakob BarZebedee martyred and Kefa imprisoned 12:1
12:2
12:3
12:4
12:5
12:6
Now about that particular time Herod Agrippa I the king began to put his hands to harm on some of those of the Apostolic Mashiahn Community And he put Yaakob bar Zebedee, the brother of Yohan, to death with the sword. [62 CE] And having seen that it was pleasing to the Judean people, he proceeded to seize Kefa also. (This happened during the days of Matzah festivalb.) And having hold of him, he placed him in prison, turning him to four quaternion cof soldiers, Herod’s intention being that, once the Pesach d season was out of the way, he would bring him out to the public. Thus Kefa was being kept in the prison; but prayer was fervently done by he people of Mashiah-followerse to Elohim on behalf of him. And on that very night before Herod was about to bring him out, Kefa bound with two chains was sleeping between two soldiers, while guards in front of the door,
a
11:26 Mashiahns ░░ /> Messianists; /x: Christians – most (–anachronistic, carrying different sense and connotation); [The Gk. ‘ Christianos’ (> ‘anointed’) only here (and in a singular form, in Act 26:28; 1Pe 4:16).][i.e. Mashiah-followers (= those of Mashiahn Community).] [See ‘*Christians’ BW.] b
Matzah Festival 12:3 quaternion [20:6] [here, 12:4 ░░ [a░░ four-men squad]the days would naturally include the day of Pesach feast itself] 12:4 Pesach ░░ [= the Festival of Matzah] /Heb. Pesaḥ; /pascha – Vulgate; /> Passover; /xx: Easter – KJV (has it only here), [Here, Easter was in archaic use for Passover as ‘ester’ in Tyndale’s translation’. See EE][Note. uses the word ‘Pascha’ (fr. Gk and Latin) in Eastern Orthodox = Easter of Roman Catholic.] e 12:5 people of Mashiah-followers ░░ />church – most; /congregation; /xx: assembly; / c
d
12:7
12:8
watching over the prison. And look ¡ an angel of Adonai stood by ((and there a light shined in the prison cell.)) Poking him on his side the angel woke him, saying “Get up, quick!” And his chains fell off from his hands. And the angel said to him, “Gird yourself and tie on your sandals.” And finally he didthe so.angel told him: And “Put on your robe and follow me.”
12:9
12:10
12:11
12:12
So Kefa went out and just followed. He did not know, however, all this was real – what was happening as directed by the angel, in fact, he thought he was seeing a vision. And having passed the first guard and then another, they came upon the iron gate which would lead them into the city; — this gate opened before them by itself! So they came out and after they had walked the length of one narrow-street, right away the angel departed from him. And Kefa, coming to himself, said, “Now I truly know, that the Lord has sent forth His angel and rescued me out of the hand of Herod and from all that the people of the Judeans expected of him.” And being aware of it, he came to the house of Mariam ((the mother of Yohanan, the one also called Markus. a))[ Many were gathered there and were in prayer. And when he knocked on the door of the gate, a maidservant named Rhoda went out to answer the call. And when she recognized the voice was Kefa's, she was too overcome with joy to mind opening the gate, instead, ran back inside and reported them that Kefa was standing outside in the gateway. And they said to her, “You’ve lost your mind!” But she kept insisting that that it was true. And they said, “It must be the messenger b from him.”
12:25]
⇨
12:13
12:14
12:15
12:16
Meanwhile Kefa kept on knocking,
12:12 Yohanan, the one also called Markus ░░ [12:25; 13:5, 13; 15:36-40] [Luke does not mention he was BarNabba’s cousin (Col 4:10).] [Yohan is a Hebrew name; Markus, a Greek name. /x: John Mark ( sounds rather like an English name)] b 12:15 messenger from him░░ /his angel – most; /x: his angelic counterpart – Cassirer; a
12:17
and when they opened and saw him, they were shocked. But he, beckoning to them with his hand to be silent, told in detail how the Lord had brought him out of the prison. And he said, “Report these things to Yaakob [brother of the Lord] [15:13; 21:18] and to the fellow brethren.” And he left the house and went to another place.
12:18
12:19
When it became day a, there was great consternation among the soldiers, who were wondering what could have become of Kefa. As for Herod [Agrippa I], he put a thorough search for Kefa. and, when not finding, he interrogated the guards. Then he ordered them to be led away to execution and then went down from Judea to Caesarea and spent some time there.
Death of Herod Agrippa I 12:20
12:21
12:22
12:23
12:24
12:25
Now Herod [Agrippa I] had been in state of furious anger against the inhabitants of Tyre [cf. 21:3] and Sidon. There, with one accord, the representatives of them set out to come to him, and there, after having won over Blastus, the royal chamberlain, they sent in a petition for the king to grant use of cultivated-land b, as their country was dependent for its supply on Herod’s royal land. Thus, on an appointed day, Herod put on his royal robes, and, having taken his seat on the judicial rostrum, began to give out a harangue to them. And the assembled mass of people began shouting, But at that very moment an angel of Adonai struck him down because he failed to render due honor to Elohim; and so, having become eaten up by worms, he died. [CE 44] Meanwhile the word of Elohim {/mss}c went on flourishing among the people and spreading to a large number of people. And as for BarNabba and Saul, they returned to Antioch from Yerusalem, [cf. Ga1 1:22; 2:1] after having completed their mission of relief work, taking along with them Yohanan the one also called Markus. d
[⇦12:12; ⇨13:5, 13]
a
day ░░░░ 12:18 [i.e.[Emended morning came. in the Scripture begins with sunrise, not with sunset.] 12:20 became cultivated-land basedAonday Aramaic word]; /peace – most; [BarNabba’s cousin – Col 4:10 – Luke does not mention this.] c 12:24 God {/mss} ░░ {/the Lord} d 12:12 Yohanan the one also called Markus ░░ [Luke does not mention he was BarNabba’s cousin (Col 4:10).] b
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Ac ts - PART II
Part 2.
Chs. 13-28
Witnessing of the Mashiahn Community through Paul II.
Ch. 13-28 13:1 – 14:28 15:1-35 15:36 – 18:22 18:23 – 21:26
II.
27:27 – 28:31 21:27 – 26:32 27:1 – 28:16 28:17-31
through Paul’s mission
A. Paul’s 1st journey on mission B. Yerusalem Council C. Paul’s 2nd journey on mission D. Paul’s 3rd journey on mission through Paul’s imprisonment
A. Paul in Yerusalem: Arrest and Trial B. Paul’s 4th journey in chain C. Paul’s last days in Rome
(reprise - connectors)
11:29
And the disciples [there in Antioch], according to their ability, determined to send ministering relief to the fellow brethren living in Judea. They carried out what they had decided, having it sent to the [Judean] elders, with BarNabba and Saul in charge.
11:30
12:25
And as for BarNabba and Saul, they returned from{/mss}a Yerusalem, [cf. Ga1 1:22; 2:1] after having completed their work of service for relief mission, taking along with them Yohanan, the one also called Markus. [13:5, 13]
(Acts 13) Commissioning of BarNabba and Saul 13:1
Now in the local congregation in Antioch [in SURIA] there were prophets and teachers, such as BarNabba, Symeon ((who was called ‘Darkie’)), Lucius ((the Cyrenian)), [cf. 11:20] Manaen ((who had been reared together b with Herod [Antipas] the Tetrarch)), and Saul c. And when they were serving the Lord and fasting, the very holy Spirit said,
13:2
“Set both BarNabba and Saul apart for me, for the work to which I have called them.” 13:3
a
b c
Then after they had fasted and prayed, having ‘laid their hands on’ them for commissioning, they sent them off.
12:25 from {/mss} ░░ {/to} 13:1 reared-together with ░░ [i.e. foster-brother to] 13:1 Saul ░░ [He was last on the list, the one who came to be called Paul (See Act 13:9)]
13:4ff - 1st Journey [Taking off on ship from Antioch inSURIA]
13:4- 14:28 {Paul’s First Missionary Journey, 47-48 CE) Paul & BarNabba and Yohanan Markus Together 1st Missionary Journey to Galatia (CE 46-49) Acts 13-14
Depart from Antioch Selucia Cyprus Salamis Paphos Attalia Perga Antioch of Pisidian Iconium, Lystra, Derbe Returned to Antioch (of SURIA)
[Note: the placement of labels ‘Pamphylia’ should be just belowe where ‘Pisidia’. Antioch – in Pisidia; Attalia and Perga is in Pamphylia; Iconium, Lystria and Derbe in Lycaonia]
Begins Paul on his first journey
13:4-12 In Cyprus; Proconsul Sergius Paulus; 13:4 So these two [BarNabba and Saul] , being sent out by the holy Spirit, first went down to the harbor city Seleucia and from there sailed to the Island CYPRUS.
13:5
And when they arrived at Salamis [a port city on the east coast], they began to proclaim the word of Elohim{/mss} there in the synagogues of the [Diaspora] Judaic people a. ((Now, they had also the same Yohanan [the one called Markus] [ 12:12, 25; accompanying as their helper)). And they had made {all the way} inland across the island as far as Paphos [a port city on the west coast], where they found a certain shamanic sorcerer named BarYoshua, a Yahudi b who claimed to be a prophet, who was attending with the proconsul, Sergius Paulus — a man of sound judgment. This proconsul himself, having summoned BarNabba and Saul, wanted to hear the Word of Elohim. ⇦
13:6
13:7
13:8
13:9
13:10
13:11
a b
⇨
13:13]
But Elymas the shamanic sorcerer ((such is the way his name is translated into Greek)) began opposing them and tried to turn the proconsul away from getting to the faith. But Saul, ((known from here on as Paul)), being filled with holy spirit And, having looked intently at him, said, “O my — full of all kinds of deceit and every schemes, you — a Devil’s son ¡ c you — enemy to all that is righteous! You never stop making crooked d the straight paths of Adonai e, will you? Well then, look ¡ Adonai’s hand is against you, and you will be struck blind
13:5ff Judaic people ░░ /Yahudim; />> Jews; /xxx: Judeans; [See *Jews in BW] 13:6 Yahudi ░░ /> Jew;
c
Devil’s sondevil 13:10– a‘son huie diabolous /devil-like guy; /x: son (/child) of the devil; [Hebrew , vocative); ░░ (is’ idiom of what ‘man of devil-like character’.] d 13:10 make crooked ░░ [Gk. diastrephō ‘cause truth perverted’][ See ‘*perversion in BW.] e 13:11ff Adonai ░░ [Gk. kurios ‘Lord’][Where God’s very name should be known (as in the Synoptic Gospels), IRENT renders the Tetragrammaton as YHWH (vocalized as Adonai; pronounced as Yahweh etc. /x: Jehovah). See BW.] /> LORD; /x: the Lord;
and become unable to see even the sunlight for a time.”
And immediately there fell upon him something of mist and then darkness, and he became groping about and tried to find someone to lead him by the hand. 13:12
Then, having witnessed what had happened with his own eyes and being astounded, the proconsul came to believe the teaching about the Lord.
13:4-12 In Antioch in PISIDIA 13:13 Now Paul and his companions put out once again to sea from Paphos a [of the island of CYPRUS] and, disembarking at the port Attalia in PAMPHYLIA[14:25] M came to its principal city Perga b ○ E
Yohanan the one called Markus leaves them behind
((Here at Perga, Yohanan [the one called Markus] [ 13:5] on his part left them [+] c and returned alone to Yerusalem [+] d.)) [ 15:36-39] ⇦
126F
⇨
127F
Paul’s Speech in Antioch 13:14
As for Paul and BarNabba, however, they continued their journey on foot from Perga, until they reached Antioch in PISIDIA . There, on the day of one of the shabbats they went into the synagogue to attend and took up their places.
13:15
And after passages fromthe thepublic Torahreading and theof Nebiim, the leaders of the synagogue sent them [a message], saying “O men, yoů brethren¡ if yoů have any word of exhortation to offer to the people, Feel free to speak [now].” 13:16
And Paul stood up and, beckoning with the hand, began to give this [long speech]: “O men, yoů Israelites and those ‘God-revering’ Gentiles [among yoů]¡ Please hear me out [if yoů will]! 13:17
The Elohim of this people {Israel} chose our fathers and exalted the people
when they lived as foreigners in the land of Mitsrayim 13:13 Paphos ░░ [on the southwestern coast of the island.][ about 100 miles voyage from to Perga.] 13:13 Perga ░░ [about 8 miles inland from the south central coast of Asia Minor] 13:13 left them [+] ░░ [+ to go on for the mission work to the Gentiles from which he excused himself out] ( 15:38) [This caused a rupture later between Paul and BarNabba (15:36-39). Of Mark’s leaving them, the narrator of Acts left reasons undisclosed here.] d 13:13 Yerusalem [+] ░░ [+— his home place] [12:12] a
b c
⇨
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and with a uplifted arm He brought them out of it. And He put up with the manner of {/mss} them in the desert-wilderness for about the time of forty years.
13:19
And when he had destroyed seven nations in the land of He gave the land of these to them for an inheritance
{13:20b}
{and after these things}{⇋}
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— all that during about four hundred and fifty years.
CANAAN,
b
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a b
“And after these things{ ⇋} He gave to them judges until the last one being Samuel the prophet. And thereafter they asked for a king. And Elohim gave to them Saul the son of Kish, a man of the tribe of Benjamin, for forty years. And when He had removed him, He raised up David to be their king; to whom also He testified and said,
From the seed of this man, David, Elohim brought{/mss} a savior in the person of Yeshua, according to His promise to Israel. Before this Yeshua came on the scene [on His public ministry] Yohanan [made the way ready by] proclaiming-publicly to all the people of Israel immersion calling for repentance to turn from their sins. And as Yohanan was completing the course of his mission, he would say,
13:26
“O men, yoů brethren¡ sons of of Abraham’s offspringb as well as ‘Elohim-worshing’ Gentiles among yoů¡ It is to us the message of this salvation has been sent forth!
13:27
The fact is, those who dwell in Yerusalem and their rulers did not recognize this One [Yeshua] [as Mashiah]. Yet, by condemning Him [to death] it is the voices of the prophets that they actually fulfilled, which are being read-out aloud in synagogues on every shabbat.
13:22 Yishai ░░ /Jesse – in English form. 13:26 sons of Abraham’s offspring ░░ [See ‘Abraham’s seed’ in BW]
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13:30 13:31
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{/13:33}
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And though having found not one ground for deathin Him, they still asked Pilate to have Him executed. And when they had accomplished all things that were written concerning Him, they had Him taken down from the wooden-stake and laid in a memorial-tomb. But Elohim raised Him to Life from the dead: and He was seen for many days by those who had come up with Him from Galilee to Yerusalem, who are now His witnesses to the people. “And we are bringing to yoů the good-news about the promise which came to the forefathers, the fact that Elohim has fulfilled this [very promise] to the{/mss} children, — to us — having raised Yeshua up to Life [from out of dead ones]; as it has been written also in the {second} {/mss}a Psalm, {Ps. 2.7}{Heb 1 :5; cf. Lk 3:22} b And the fact that Heg — raising Yeshuah up to Life from out of dead ones no more to return [to die and] to decay off — He has spoken in this way:
the trustworthy holy [promises] to David.>{Isa 55:3}
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This is also why it is said further on in another psalm, {Ps. 16. 10} [Act 2:25, 31]
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“Indeed, David, on the one hand, having served the purposeof Elohim in his own generation, fell asleep and was laid-beside his forefathers and experienced decay: on the other hand, the One whom Elohim raised up to Life did not get decayed away.
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“Therefore, fellow brothers, let it be known to yoů that through this very One, through Yeshua, it is to yoů that forgiveness of sins is being proclaimed: and that from all the things [of sin guilt] from which yoů could not be declared righteous within the [framework of] Torah of Moshe
a
13:33 {second}{/mss}░░ {/first} 13:33 have brought you forth ░░ [See ‘only begotten’ in BW] /have revealed me to be father to you ARJ; /have declared your sonship; /have fathered you - NET; /have begotten you– most; b
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— everyone who believes [in Him] is set free and declared-righteous by this One/Yeshua Therefore beware, that what has been spoken in the prophets {Hab 1. 5} may not come upon yoů: ”
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And as they Paul and BarNabba went out {from the synagogue of the Judaic people}, they {the gentiles} began pleading with them that these words might be spoken to them the next shabbat. Now when the synagogue broke up, many of the Judaic people and the devout proselytes followed Paul and BarNabba; who speaking to them, persuaded them to remain in the grace of Elohim. And the next shabbat almost the whole city was gathered together to hear the word of Elohim {/mss}. But when the Judaic people saw the crowds, they were filled with jealousy and contradicted the things which were spoken by Paul, {contradicting and blaspheming him.} And Paul and BarNabba spoke out boldly and said, “It was necessary for us to proclaim the word of Elohim to yoů all first — the Judaic people. However, since yoů spurn it and thus prove yourselves unworthy of [receiving] eternal Life, look¡ we are now turning to the Gentiles [to continue proclaiming the message] .>
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In fact, this is what the Lord has commanded us to do, saying,{Is. 49:6}
and you to be for salvation [from me] to the uttermost parts of the land.>” 13:48
13:49 13:50
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And when the Gentiles heard this, they were gladdened and gave praise to the word of Elohim{/mss} and as many as [Gentiles] who have gotten themselves in line for eternal Life came to believe. And the word of the Lord was carried throughout all the country. But the Judaic people incited the devout {and} prominent women and the chief men of the city and aroused a persecution Paul and BarNabba and threw them out ofagainst their region. But they, on their part, shook off the dust off their feet [as a sign of protest] against them
13:52
and went off to Iconium . Now as for the Gentile followers, they were being filled with joy and with holy spirit.
(Acts 14) 14:1
Now here in Iconium, adopting the same way as before [as they had done at Antioch] Paul and BarNabba made their way
into the synagogue of the Judaic people. such power And there they spoke#2with a great number of both Judaic that people and [proselyte] Greeks 14:2
14:3
14:4
did believe what they heard. However, there were Judaic people who would refuse to accept [their message];.[13:50] and these succeded in stirring up the minds of the Gentiles and in provoking animosity against the brethren. Nonetheless, BarNabba and Paul remained there for a considerable time, and, speaking boldly relying on the Lord, who, for His part, was adding His own testimony to vindicate their message of His grace, by bringing out signs and wonders through the works of the hands of them. But the
large mass of people of the
city was divided
in their opinions —
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14:6
14:7
some sided with the Judaic people and some with the apostles [v. 14] themselves, BarNabba and Paul. And on the part of both the Gentiles and the Judaic people with their leaders there arose a hostile movement to resort to violence, yes, even to putting them to death with stones throwing on them. [cf. 14:19] Realizing what was happening, the two took to flight and went off to the towns in LYCAoNIA – Lystra and Derbe – and the neighboring region. And it was there that they set out to bring good news:
Paul heals a crippled in Lystra; Got stoned to half dead 14:8
14:9
Now, there
in Lystra was a certain mman
helpless on the ground, unable to make use of his feet sitting because he had been crippled from his mother's womb and had never been able to walk on his own feet. This man was listening to Paul’s words.
Paul, for his part, looked straight at him, and seeing that he believed that God could save him to be made whole, said with a loud voice, “{In the name of our Lord Yeshua haMashiah}[Peshitta] stand straight up on your feet!”
14:10
And he jumped up and began to walk off. 14:11
And when the crowd saw what Paul had done, they raised their voices, shouting in the native Lycaonian tongue, [unknown to Paul], “The gods have come like mortal humans and have come down to us!” a
14:12
And they called BarNabba ‘Zeus’
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a
b
c
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a
[after the supreme Greek god = Roman god ‘Jupiter’], and called Paul ‘Hermes’ [= Roman god ‘Mercury’] since he [as they saw] was the chief speaker [among the gods]. b And then the priest of Zeus, whose temple was before the city, brought oxen and garlands to the gates and wanted together with the crowds to offer sacrifices. But when the two apostles c, BarNabba and Paul, heard of it, they tore their clothes and rushed out into the crowd and exclaimed in loud voices, saying “mGentlemen! Why are yoů doing these things? As for us, we are also mortals who feel same way as yoů do. Here we are announcing good newsfor yoů to turn from these worthless things to {the} living God, who ☼has made the heaven and the earth and the sea and all the things in them:
In the generations gone by He permitted all the nations to living on in their own ways. And yet He did not leave Himself without-witness, by doing yoů good, as giving rains and fruitful seasons from heaven,
14:9 gods ~~ have come down to us ░░ [Rieu p. 145 endnote …. Local stories and inscriptions give
additional evidence Zeus andofHermes worshipped in the district. Roman poetBaucis Ovid gave Lystra as the scene that of his story the visitwere of Jupiter and Mercury to the The faithful couple and Philemon. (Here in the text) the peasants welcome the reappearance of the gods.] b 14:9 Hermes ░░ [– the messenger and attendant of Jupiter; a chief speaker among the gods.] c 14:14 apostles ░░ /x: Apostles; [Luke calls Paul an ‘apostle’ are here v. 14 and v. 4, and the description here is shared with BarNabba. This is a non-technical use here, referring to a commissioned messenger.]
filling yoůr hearts to the full with cheer a and gladness.” 14:18
And even with these words it was only with great difficulty that they succeeded in preventing the crowd from making [animal] sacrifice-offering for them to take.
14:19
But some Judaic people came from Antioch and Iconium and, having persuaded the crowds, they stoned Paul to put him to death [2Co 11:25]
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14:24 14:25
and dragged him off outside the city, taking him for dead. When, however, the disciples got to him and gathered around, he got himself up and went back into the city Lystra. And on the next day, together with BarNabba, he went off to Derbe. And after they had announced good news in that city and had made many disciples, they came back to Lystra; then to Iconium and then returned finally to [Pisidian] Antioch, further strengthening the souls of the disciples, encouraging them to remain in the faith, saying And having appointed for them elders to every congregation, with prayer and fasting they committed them to the Lord, in whom they had come to believe. And they went through PISIDIA and came to PAMPHYLIA. And after speaking the word in Perga, they went down to the port Attalia;
14:26
and from there they sailed off for Antioch [in SURIA], from where they had been entrusted to the grace of Elohim for the work [commissioned to them] they had fulfilled.
Paul at Antioch; confronts Judaizers 14:27
14:28
a
And when they had come to Antioch [in SURIA] and had gathered the Apostolic Mashiahn Community together, they related all things that Elohim had done with them and that He had opened a door to faith to the Gentiles. And they stayed there no little time with the disciples.
14:17 cheer ░░ [Emendation based on Aramaic split word]
(Acts 15) 15:1
At this stage certain men#1 came down [here to Antioch in SURIA] from [the Yerusalem Mashiahn Community in] Judea, began to teach the following to the fellow brethren: “Unless yoů should [first] undergo brit-milah a
{and conduct yourselves} in conformity with the tradition from Moshe yoů cannot come to get saved.” 15:2
15:3
Thus, when there was much dispute and heated debate between Paul and on the to one Paul and BarNabba wereBarNabba then appointed gohand, up and these men, on the other. along with some b of other men among them in Antioch, to the apostles and elders in Yerusalem to consult with them on this controversial question. They were then sent off on their way by the congregation, and went through both PHOENICIA and Samaria, where they reported how the Gentiles were turning to God, this news causing great rejoicing among all the brethren.
Yerusalem Council
[Yerusalem Council] (prob. CE 49)] 15:4
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And on arriving in Yerusalem, they were warmly-received by the Mashiahn Community, from the apostles as well as the elders, and so they gave an account of all the things that Elohim had done to aid them. Now, some who had become believers there ((they were from the party of the Pharisees)) stood up and insisted, saying “It is necessary to have them submit to ‘circumcision rites’ and to be ordered to keep the Torah of Moshe.” And the apostles and the elders gathered together to see about this matter. And after much debate had taken place, Kefa rose and said to them, “mBrothers! Yoů know that from earlier days Elohim chose me among yoů{/mss}c[ so that by my mouth
a b c
15:1 brit-milah ░░ /circumcision rites; /> circumcision 15:2 some of other ░░ [Titus one of them - Gal 2:4-6] 15:7 yoů{/mss} ░░ {/us}
11:21]
⇦
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the Gentiles should hear the word of the Gospel to believe. And Elohim, knower of hearts, has testified to them, giving them the very holy spirit, just as He did to us the Judaic people also; and He made no distinction between us and them, cleansing their hearts in such faith. Well then, why do yoů now set out to put Elohim to test to provoke Him by trying to put a yoke [of the demands of the Torah of Moshe] upon the neck of these [new] disciples [from among the Gentiles] so heavy that a yokeneither our fathers nor we have been capable to bear? Surely the truth is that it is by the grace of the Lord Yeshua that we trust and are saved — in the same way as those [Gentiles].”
And the whole assembled company kept quiet as they listened to BarNabba and Paul relating all the signs and wonders Elohim had shown among the Gentiles through them. And after they stopped speaking, Yaakob [half-brother of the Lord] [12:17; 21:18] responded, saying “Fellow brethren, hear me: Simeon [=Shimon Kefa] has explained as how Elohim first showed His care for the Gentiles, [ 15:7] to take out from among them a people dedicated to His name. ⇦
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And the words of the prophets agree to this; as it has been written, {Amo 9:11-12} <“I’ll turn back after these things and I’ll build the tent a of David again, which has fallen to the ground. And I’ll build it again from ruins. And I will restore it: that the rest of mankind may seek after the Adonai, — yes, all the Gentiles who are called to bear my name”, says YHWH, who does to bring these things made known from ages ago>.
“Well then,
in view of all this,
I’ve decided that we do not burden those among the Gentiles who are turning to Elohim [+] b. 15:20
What we should do instead to send them a letter,isinstructing them a b
15:15 tent ░░ (Heb. sukkah); /> booth; /> tabernacle (- different connotation); 15:19 Elohim [+] ░░ [+ the true God, by requiring them be circumcised]
[//15:29; cf. ‘avoid’ 21:25]
to abstain
▪ from things polluteda by worship of pagan false gods b { that is, from fornication} ▪ {and from eating meat from animals killed by strangling} ▪ and from blood [sacrifice]c ▪ {+mss}. 15:21
Moshe has, yoů see, from earliest generations, had spokesmen to proclaim such teaching from him — in every city [where there were Israelites] his words being read out aloud#0 in the synagogues every shabbat.”
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Then it pleased the apostles and the elders, with the whole Apostolic Mashiahn Community, that representatives be chosen from among their number and sent to Antioch along with Paul and BarNabba; So they chose Yudah (also called BarSabbas) and Silas [=Silvanus][1Th 1:1], two in a leading position among the brethren. And they wrote thus a letter to be sent by them: "From the apostles and the elders as well as brethren here; To our Gentile brethren in Antioch and SURIA and CILICIA: Shalom.
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Since we have heard that some have gone out from among us without our orders and have confused yoů, upsetting yoůr souls with words, {saying [15:5]},
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it pleased us, having come to one accord,
to choose out men and send them to yoů along with our beloved BarNabba and Paul,
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two men who have risked their lives
on behalf of the name of our Lord Yeshua haMashiah. Accordingly we have sent Yudah and Silas,
who themselves also will give yoů
the same message personally by word of mouth.
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Yoů see, it seemed to the holy Spirit and to us that no burden is to be put on yoů beyond these essentials:
15:20 things polluted ░░ [referring to meat from pagan animal sacrifice. – 15:29; 21:25] 15:20 pagan false gods ░░ /x: idols – most [now English word has different sense and usage.] c 15:20 blood [sacrifice] ░░ [not related the ‘strangled’ in the preceding line, as blood in the meat of animals killed without properly drained off] a
b
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that yoů are to abstain ▪ from eating meat from animal sacrifice to pagan false gods ▪ and from blood [sacrifice] ▪ {and from [eating meat of] animals strangled to death} ▪ and from fornication.
If yoů keep yourselves from these, it will be well with yoů. Be strong! With our best wishes.” 15:30
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So they, when they were dismissed, came down back to Antioch [in SURIA], and having gathered the multitude together, they delivered the letter. And when they had read it, they rejoiced because of its encouragement. And Yudah and Silas, being themselves also prophets, encouraged the brethren with many words and supported them further. And after they had spent some time there, they were let go in peace from the brethren to those who had sent them forth. {But it seemed good to Silas to remain there.}
But Paul and BarNabba stayed in Antioch, teaching and proclaiming the word of the Lord, with many others also. And after some days Paul said to BarNabba, “Let us return now and visit the brethren in every city in which we have before proclaimed the word of the Lord to see how they are doing.” Paul and BarNabba split
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Now as for BarNabba, he wanted to take with them Yohanan also, the one called Markus. a [12:12; 13:5] Paul on his part, however, did not consider it unwise to take this man — the very one who had gone off and left them when they were in PAMPHYLIA [ 13:13] instead of accompanying them to take his part in their mission work [+] b. Then there was a sharp disagreement over this, and resulted in parting of their ways and BarNabba took Markus with him;[ 2Tm 4:11] and sailed off to CYPRUS. ⇦
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⇨
15:38 Markus ░░ [Yohanan the one also called Markus, Yerusalemite, BarNabba’s cousin (Col 4:10), associated with the very locus for the Judaizing party.] b 15:38 work [+] ░░ [+ of the mission proclaiming the Gospel to the Gentiles, for which they were set apart by the holy Spirit] (14:26) [Cf. 28:28] a
15:40 ff - 2nd Journey [Taking off on land from Antioch in SURIA] Paul’s 2nd Missionary Journey to Greece (CE 50-52) Acts 15:36-18:22
From Antioch, through Cyria and Cilicia Lystra Phrygia and Galatia Traos Philippi (city in Macedonia) Thessalonica (leading city in Macedonia) Berea Athens Corinth – stayed 1 ½ years Ephesus Caesarea Returning to Antioch (of SURIA)
[Note: the placement of labels ‘Pamphylia’ should be just below where ‘Pisidia’. Antioch – in Pisidia; Attalia and Perga is in Pamphylia; Iconium, Lystria and Derbe in Lycaonia]
(15:40- 18:22){Paul’sSecond Missionary Journey, 49-52 CE}
Paul & Silas
Paul begins his second journey with Silas 15:40
15:41
But, having chosen Silas, Paul set out from Antioch on his journey, being entrusted by the brethren to the grace of the Lord. And he went through SURIA and CILICIA, further strengthening the congregations there.
Paul and Silas joined by Timothy (Acts 16) 16:1
then Paul continued on to Derbe and then on to Lystra. And look¡ a certain disciple was there, named Timothy, the son of a certain Judaic woman believer; but of a Greek father. And
[This makes him a Judaic.] 16:2 16:3
He was well-spoken of by the fellow brethren in Lystra and Iconium. This one – Paul wanted to go along with him; Thus, Paul, having taken him, did brit-milaha [as required for any Israelite man]
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so as to conciliate the Judaic people who were living in those parts: the fact was, everyone knew that his father was a Greek. And as they went on their way through the cities, they delivered to those there for observance the decrees that had been decided upon by the apostles and elders who were in Yerusalem. So the congregations were strengthened in the faith and abounded in number daily. And {after} they went through the region of PHRYGIA and GALATIA, having been forbidden by the holy Spirit to speak the word in ASIA, getting down toward {/mss} MYSIA they attempted to go into BITHYNIA, but the Spirit {/mss}b did not allow them; thus, after traversing
MYSIA,
they came down to Troas a seaport.
(We-section I: 16:10-17) Into MACEDONIA (in Europe) 16:9@
And a vision appeared to Paul in the night. There was a certain man, a Macedonian, standing before him, pleading in these words: “Please, come over into MACEDONIA and help us.”
16:10
And after Paul saw the vision,
16:3 brit-milah ░░ /(Judaic) circumcision rite; /> circumcision 16:7 Spirit {/mss} ░░ {/Spirit of Yeshua PNEUMA IHSOU}{/Spirit of LORD} [cf. Mashiah’s Spirit – PNEUMA CRISTOU Rm 8:9; 1Pe 1:11] a
b
we sought immediately to go forth into MACEDONIA, concluding that Elohim had called us to bring the good-news to them. 16:11
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Therefore, setting sail from Troas, we made a straight course to Samothrace Is. and the following day to Neapolis [to disembark there]; and from there to Philippi, a Roman colony, which is the principle city of that part of MACEDONIA. {/a city of the first district of}
And we stayed in this city for some days. 16:13
And on the day of one of the shabbats we went outside the {city} gate to a riverside, where we thought there would be a place of prayer, and we sat down and began to speak to the women who had come together there.
16:14
There a certain woman named Lydia♀ listened to us, a dealer in purple-cloth from the city called Thyatira, a God-fearing [=convert to Judaism], whose heart the Lord [Yeshua] opened to devote herself to the things which Paul spoke. And when she received a rite of immersion along with her household, she pleaded with us, saying “If yoů consider me to be a believer in the Lord, come to my house and stay.”
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Thus she pressured us. Slave-girl Possessed of Spirit-of-Divination 16:16
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And it happened as we were going to the house of prayer, came upon us a certain servant girl who, having a spirit of Python [a demon of divination], brought her masters a good business by fortune-telling with divination. It was this girl who, following after Paul and us, kept crying out, “These men are servants of Elohim, the Most High a; they are proclaiming to yoů{/mss}b a way of salvation!”
And she went on this for number of days. Finally, Paul had enough of it, turned around and spoke to the spirit, “I command you in the name of Yeshua haMashiah — to come out of her!”
16:17 Elohim the Most High ░░ [Heb. - El `Elyon]; /x: the Most High God – most; /x: the most high God – KJV; / b 16:18 yoů {/mss} ░░ {/us} a
And it came out of her at-once. Paul and Silas got imprisoned 16:19
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But when her masters saw their hope of money-making was gone, they seized Paul and Silas and dragged them into the marketplace to face the authorities. When they had brought them to the magistrates, they said, “These men are Judaic people and greatly disturb our city, and advocating customs which it is not allowed for us to accept or to practice, since we are Romans.”
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And the crowd rose up together against them. And after ripping the clothes off the two, Paul and Silas the magistrates then ordered to beat them up with rods. And when they had inflicted many stripes upon them, they threw into prison and ordered the jailor to guard them securely. Having received such an order, he threw them into the inner cell and fastened their feet in the wood stocks.
The prison broken open on earthquake 16:25
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But about midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing-hymns to Elohim; and the other prisoners were listening to them; and suddenly there was a great earthquake, so-that the foundations of the prison-house were shaken and instantly all the doors were opened and every one's chains were loosed. The jailer, being awakened from sleep and seeing the prison doors were open, drew his sword and was about to kill himself, thinking that the prisoners had escaped. But Paul shouted with a loud voice, saying “Don’t you harm yourself! All of us are here!”
16:29
And he asked for lights and dashed in
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and, trembling, cameout, to fall And, having brought them he before said, Paul and Silas. “Gentlemen, what must I do to be saved?”
16:31
And they said,
“Believe on the Lord Yeshua and you shall be saved, you and your household.” 16:32
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And they spoke the word of the Lord {/God} to him together with all those of his household. And having taken them out at that hour-of-the-night a, he had the wounds of their stripes washed off. And there he and all his household all came to receive immersion rites right away. After that the jailor brought them up to his house for them
and laidgreatly a tablewith all his household and rejoiced having come to believe in Elohim. 16:35
But when day came, the civil-magistrates dispatched the constables, saying “Release those men!”
16:36
And the jailor reported the words to Paul, saying “The magistrates have dispatched men to release yoů. Easy now, come out and go on yoůr way {in peace}.”
16:37
But Paul said to the constables, “They had us beaten in public without having convicted of anything wrong — although we are Roman citizens — and have thrown us into prison, and now secretly they are throwing us out? No way! Instead, they themselves must come down here and escort us out!”
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And the constables reported these words to the magistrates and they became fearful when they heard that these men were Roman citizens; Thus they came down and pleaded with them, and as they brought them out, they asked them to leave the city. From there, when Paul and others came out of the they went to Lydia’s home and when they saw the brethren there
prison
they encourage them and then departed.
a
16:33 hour-of-the-night ░░ [i.e. in contrast to ‘hour-on-sundial’ during daytime.]
(Acts 17) 17:1
17:2
17:3
Now, they had journeyed through Amphipolis and Apollonia, and came to Thessalonica, where there was a synagogue of the Judaic people: and Paul, as his custom, went to their meetings and for three shabbat-days he reasoned with them from the Scriptures, explaining and pointing out to them that it is the Mashiah who must suffer and to rise from the dead, and that this is the Mashiah — this Yeshua, whom I am proclaiming to yoů.
17:4
And some of them and of the devout Greeks a great crowd and of the chief women not a few, were persuaded and associated themselves with Paul and Silas.
17:5
But the non-believing Judaic people, took to them certain evil men from among the market-loafers and gathering a crowd, made the city into an uproar, and standing up against the house of Jason, they sought to bring them forth to the public. And when they did not find them, they dragged Jason and certain brethren before the city-rulers, crying, “These who have upset the world * have come here also;
17:6
17:7
17:8 17:9
17:10
17:11
17:12
17:13
And Jason has received them with hospitality and these all practice things which are against the decrees of Caesar, saying that there is another king, one Yeshua.” And they disturbed the crowd and city-rulers, when they heard these things. And when they had taken bail from Jason and the rest, they released them. And the brethren at once sent Paul and Silas off by night to Berea [the capital of MACEDONIA]: who when they had come there, they went into the synagogue of the Judaic people. Now these were nobler than those in Thessalonica, in that they received the word with all eagerness, examining the Scriptures daily, to see if these things were so. Thus, many of them came to believe, including not a few of Greeks from among women of nobility, also men as well. But when the Judaic people in Thessalonica learned that also at Berea the word of Elohim was being proclaimed by Paul, they went down there too
and began to cause disturbance among the crowds. Paul leaves Silas and Timothy behind 17:14
At once the fellow brethren sent Paul off as far as the sea coast; left behind there were both Silas and Timothy.
17:15
Those who were escorting Paul brought him as far as Athens then returned carrying an instruction for Silas and Timothy to rejoin him as soon possible. [18:5]
17:16
There, in Athens while waiting for them, his the spirit got stirred at sight of the city so rampant of worshiping false gods. So, in the synagogue he carried on debates with the Judaic people and Gentile Elohim-worshipers; and every day in the city square it was with those who happened to come across. There were a few among Epicurean as well as Stoic philosophers who came to engage in dispute with him, some remarking, Others said, ((They would say in such a way because what Paul was proclaiming was all about the good news of ‘Yeshua’ and the ‘resurrection’.)) And so it came that they got Paul and brought him to the Areopagus [Council], asking “Is there any way of knowing about this new teaching you are giving? After all, you bring some subjects which sound strange to our ears. We should like to know what they mean.”
17:17
17:18
17:19
17:20
17:21
17:22
(There, all Athenian citizens and likewise foreign residents used to spend their time in nothing else than talking about something new or listening to.) Paul, then, standing in the midst of the Areopagus Council, began to speak as follows:
17:23
“Athenians! I have seen for myself how every ‘which’ way yoů do seem remarkably ‘religious’. And indeed, as I was going through the city and observing the objects of yoůr veneration, I found even an altar with this inscription on:
. Now what you venerate, without even knowing what it is, is the very thing which I am proclaiming to yoů: 17:24
17:25
17:26
17:27
17:28
The Elohim that made the world and all
the things in it, — He who is Lord of heaven and earth, does not dwell in temples made by human hands; nor He allows men to serve Him by human hands, as if He has need of anything, Yoů see, He Himself is the One who is giving to all beings, be it
thing else
and breath andmade everyall nations; of hmen and out— of one life {blood -line} He to dwell on all the face of the earth, having determined their appointed seasons and the limits of their dwelling-place; so that they would seek the Elohim — if in fact they really grope after Him they may find Him, and in fact, He is not far from us, each one of us: as even some of yoůr own poets have said: ; and,
17:29
17:30
17:31
Being we thenought the offspring of the Elohim, not to think that to something of gold, silver, or stone — carved out by craft and imagination of mortal human — does the deity a bears any semblance. True, as to such times when people were ignorant of Elohim, He has dealt with it as though it had never been; But, what He now proclaims to people everywhere is that they must all repent and turn from their sins b: because He has set a [coming] day when He is going to judge the inhabited-earth and do it with divine justice by a Man [Yeshua] of His own choosing [for this task]. Moreover, here is a sure proof God has given of this to all people [to come to faith] by having raised Him to Life from out of dead ones!”
17:29 the deity ░░ \Gk. ho theios; /> divine-being; /x: Godhead – KJV; [adj. ‘divine’ – 2Pe 1:3, 4. [See BW ‘godhead’] b 17:30 repent and turn from their sins ░░ [not ‘feel remorse’; ‘regret’; or ‘repair’ ‘fixing’ but changing one’s thinking.] a
17:32
Now when they heard of the resurrection of the dead ones, some mocked; but others said, “We will hear you about this yet again.”
17:33
Thus Paul went out of their midst. But certain men joined themselves to him and became believers. Among them also were Dionysius the Areopagite a even a woman named Damaris and others with them.
17:34
♀
(Acts 18) 18:1
18:2
18:3
18:4
After these things Paul departed from Athens and came to Corinth. [50 CE] And he found a certain Judaic named Aquila, a native of Pontus, who recently had come from Italy, with his wife Priscilla, because Emperor Claudius had ordered all the Judaic people to be expelled from Rome.[49 CE] And Paul approached them, and {on finding that they were tent-makers}, of the same trade by trade as himself, he made his home with them, and they did the work together{/mss}. Now, every shabbat Paul would find chance to address in the synagogue to persuade them, both Judaic and Gentile people. Paul re-joined by Silas and Timothy
18:5
Once, both Silas and Timothy [as they were told to come and rejoin] had arrived from [Beroea in] MACEDONIA, [17:15] Paul then got himself devoted in full time to proclaiming the Word, witnessing to the Judaic people to prove that the very Mashiah [they have been expecting eagerly] is [to be found in the person of] Yeshua.
18:6
a
But, when the Judaic people kept on opposing and reviling him, Paul finally said to them, shaking [dust] off his clothes [as a gesture of protest], “Yoůr ‘blood be upon yoůr own heads’! As for me, I am now clean of this obligation to yoů:
17:34 Areopagite ░░ [a judge of court of the Areopagus – NWT]
from now on it is to the Gentiles that I shall [better] move on!” 18:7
18:8
18:9a
18:10a
18:9b 18:10b
18:11
So he left there and went on to the house of a certain man named {Titus} Justus, a Gentile worshipper of Elohim, whose house was adjoining the synagogue. Crispus, [one of] the presiding officers of the local synagogue — he himself, now came to believe the Lord [Yeshua] together with his entire household. Moreover many of the Corinthians that listened to Paul came to believe and got immersed [into Yeshua]. Now, the Lord [Yeshua] said to Paul in the night by a vision, “Have no fear, because I am with you and no one is going to laya hand on you to badly harm you; but keep on speaking out and do not keep silent: because there are many here in this city who are to belong to me; [they are hungry for the good news to hear] .” And he settled there to be staying a year and six months [there in Corinth], teaching the word of Elohim among them: {Paul’s 1st & 2nd Thessalonians written from here. Poss. Galatians}
Interlude: Paul before Gallio 18:12
18:13
18:14
18:15
There,
notable was this incident:
With Gallio as Proconsul of ACHAIA, [51-52 CE] the Judaic people got together to round up Paul and drag him before the magistrate’s judicial bench, saying “he is trying to persuade people into venerating the Elohim in a way contrary to our own Torah.” But when Paul was about to open his mouth to speak, Gallio was the one got in and said to the Judaic people, “If it were indeed a matter about wrong-doing against the law, or perhaps some evil deeds, O yoů Judaic people, it would be reasonable for me to give yoů a hearing upon your complaint, but if it is a matter of disputes about words and ‘names’ [to call upon], yes, about yoůr own Torah, yoů should settle it yourselves; I on my part do not want to be a judge over such matters!”
18:16
And he drove them away from the judicial bench.
18:17
Then they all got hold of Sosthenes, another presiding officer of the synagogue, and gave him beating in front of the judicial bench. Yes, none of these things were any concern to Gallio. Paul sails for Ephesus with Priscilla and Aquilla
18:18a
And after this incident Paul stayed on some time longer [18:11]
[thus, his whole stay in Corinth lasted one and a half year]. c
((After having his long-grown hair shorn off in the port city Cenchreae [7 miles E of Corinth]
— it was that he had taken a vow some time before — b he said farewell to the brethren{/mss}, from there he set sail bound for SURIA, taking ♀Priscilla and Aquila with him. 18:19
18:20
18:21
And [from there] they reached at Ephesus; and, disembarking, he dropped them (Priscilla and Aquilla) off there. He then went by himself to the synagogue and, entering, addressed to the fellow Judaic people there. And though they asked him to spend more time with them, he could not be persuaded; instead, said farewell them and saying “{it is necessary for me by all means to keep the coming festival at Yerusalem} but again I shall return to yoů, Elohim willing.” He set sail from Ephesus. [Note: comes back again later on his third journey– 19:1]
18:22
And when he got landed at Caesarea Maritima, he went up [to Yerusalem] and greeted the congregation of Apostolic Mashiahn Community there and then went down [from Yerusalem] returning to Antioch [in SURIA] [+ where he started and now was ending his long second journey] .
[Note: the placement of labels ‘Pamphylia’ should be just below where ‘Pisidia’. Antioch – in Pisidia; Attalia and Perga is in Pamphylia; Iconium, Lystria and Derbe in Lycaonia] 18:22ff - 3nd Journey: [Taking off on foot from Antioch in SURIA] 53 – 57 CE
18:23
And having spent some time there [in Antioch in SURIA], he set out and went through the [highland] region of GALATIA and PHRYGIA, afterwards, further supporting all the disciples.
Interlude: Apollos’ mission 18:24
18:25
18:26
Meanwhile, a certain Yahudi a, named Apollos, a native of Alexandria, arrived at Ephesus — an eloquent man, well-versed in the Tanakh Scriptures. Having been instructed in the way of the Lord Yeshua b{Cf. v.26},[cf. 9:2;19:9, 24:14] and being fervent as to the spirit c, he spoke and taught accurately the facts about Yeshua, although he was acquainted only with immersion rites done in the manner of Yohanan’s: [19:3] and he began to speak boldly in the synagogue; but when Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they took him aside and expounded to him the way of Elohim {Cf. v.25} more accurately.
18:27
18:28
And when Apollos had set his mind on crossing over into the province of ACHAIA, the fellow brethren encouraged him and wrote to the disciples there asking them to give him a cordial welcome. And when Apollos arrived there, he proved to be a great assistance to those who had, by God’s grace, come to believe in Mashiah; indeed, he refuted the Judaic people in public with vigor, showing by the Tanakh Scriptures that the very Mashiah [they had been expecting eagerly] was [to be found in the person of] Yeshua Himself.[//18:5]
(Acts 19) Paul came to Ephesus 19:1
19:2
And it came to pass that, while [this] Apollos {18:24} [having left Ephesus] was now over there at Corinth, Paul on his part, having gone through [GALATIA and PHRYGIA,] the highland regions of the country, came down to Ephesus and found some disciples there. And he asked them, saying: “Have yoů received holy spiritd when yoů first came to believe {+mss}?”
a
18:24 Jew; ░░ 18:25 Yahudi ‘the Way of/> the Lord’ Yeshua ░░ [cf. Simply ‘the Way’ in 9:2; 19:9; 24:14. See fn 9:2][Cf. ‘the Way of Elohim’ v. 26.] [the srcinal expression equivalent ‘Messianity’. Cf. The modern term ‘Christianity’ is often confused with a religion or something clothed with religions. See BW ‘*Christianity’] c 18:25 as to the spirit ░░ /in spirit – most; /x: with the spirit – NWT; / d 19:2 holy spirit ░░ or, holy Spirit; /x: the Holy Ghost – KJV; /x: the Holy Spirit – most; / b
And they said to him, “Nay, we have not even heard that [is there] such a thing as holy spirit!?” 19:3
And he said, “Then, into what sort a of immersion rites did yoů get immersed?” And they said [as taught by Apollos[18:25] when he was there], “into the immersion rites after Yohanan’s.” b
19:4
And Paul said, “Yohanan immersed them in the immersion rite calling for repentance to turn from their sins, telling the people to come to believe in the One coming after him, that is, coming Yeshua.”
19:5
19:6
19:7
19:8
19:9
19:10
And when they heard this, they c were immersed into d the name of the Lord Yeshua. And when Paul had laid his hands upon them, the very holy spirit [which they were told about] came upon them, and they began speaking in [their] languages to proclaim messages [of what God had revealed]. And they were about twelve men in all. Over a period of three months he attended the synagogue and spoke up boldly, addressing#x and persuading them concerning the Kingdomreign of Elohim. But when some were hardened and disbelieved, speaking-evil of the Way before the crowd, [19:2, 24:14; cf. 18:25] he withdrew from them and took the disciples away, then he addressed daily in the lecture hall of Tyrannus. And this went on
for two years in Ephesus
as Paul stayed there;
so that all those living in the Roman Province ASIA had heard the word of the Lord {Yeshua}, both Judaic people and Hellenic alike. Paul’s mighty works; Sons of Scaeva 19:11
19:12
And Elohim kept performing extraordinary mighty-works through the hands of Paul: so-that even sweat-cloths or work-aprons taken off from his body were brought to the sick,
19:3 into what sort of ░░ [not ‘whose b aptism’.] 19:3 into immersion rites after Yohanan’s ░░ [not ‘Yohanan’s baptism’ they g ot.] c 19:5 they ░░ [these were of Judaic God-believers; not the nation as in Mt 28:19.] d 19:5 immersed into the name of ░░ [= 8:16; ‘into the covenant reality of’. //Mt 28:19b. Different from ‘immersed in the name of’ 10:48 See ‘in the name of’ in BW.] a
b
there the diseases left them
and the evil spirits departed {from them}. 19:13
19:14
There, some itinerant Judaic exorcists also got on to invoke the name of the Lord Yeshua over those possessed by the evil spirits, saying . ((There indeed were seven sons to {a certain} Scaeva, a Judaic kohen gadol {/mss} b
19:15
19:16
19:17
19:18
19:19
19:20
— who were doing this .)) And in response the evil spirit said to them, “This Yeshua — {indeed} I know and this Paul — I recognize; but yoů — who are yoů all?” With that, the man with the evil spirit jumped on them and mastered and overpowered them {/mss}c, so-that they fled naked and wounded out of that house. And this became known to all, both the Judaic people and the Greeks, who dwelt at Ephesus, and fear fell upon them all and the name of the Lord Yeshua went on being magnified. Many of those becoming believers came forward confessing-openly and declaring their former practices. And not only a few of those who used to practice magical arts brought theirthem books together and burned in the sight of public; and they calculated the price of them and found them worth fifty thousand pieces of silver. So the word of the Lord {/mss}d grew in might and prevailed with power. Paul resolved to move on
19:21
19:22
Now after these things have taken their course, Paul set his hear on going to Yerusalem, and to do so by way of MACEDONIA and ACHAIA, remarking that “After that, I must see Rome as well>. So he sent to MACEDONIA two of his assistants, Timothy and Erastus, while he himself stayed there in [the province of] ASIA for a while longer. {Paul’s First Letter to the Corinthians – written here 55-56 CE}
19:13 I adjure{/mss}░░ {/we adjure} 19:14 seven sons to{a certain} Scaeva, a Jewish head kohen who were doing this{/mss}░░ {/~ sons to Scaeva, a certain kohen ~} c 19:16 them{/mss} ░░ {> /both} d 19:20 Lord {/mss} ░░ {/God - Vulgate} a b
Disturbance in Ephesus 19:23
19:24
19:25
19:26
19:27
Now it was about this time that what was now being referred to as “the Way” a [9:2; 24:14] became the cause of no small disturbance. Here is what happened: there was a certain silversmith man, Demetrius by name, who was making silver shrines of [Greek goddess] Artemis[=Diana], bringing a considerable business for his craftsmen. There, he gathered them and those who worked at such things and said, “Yoů how all! You realize verydepends well on this particular line of trade. our prosperity Now yoů have been watching and hearing for yourselves, not only here in Ephesus but nearly all over the province of ASIA, how Paul, this fellow, set out to mislead the people and succeeded in winning over large number of them to his specious position that the gods made by man’s hands are no gods at all. But that’s not all as he has exposed us to the danger that our line of trade might fall apart into disrepute, but also that it is the temple of the great goddess Artemisb itself that should come to be looked down as nothing worth to be reckoned. Even further, her greatness itself might get degraded — the goddess who is venerated throughout the province of ASIA, yeah, the whole inhabited-world.”
19:28
And when they heard this they became furious angry, and {running out to the street} shouted, “Great is Artemis, goddess of Ephesians!”
19:29
And the city was stirred up with uproar and the crowd rushed all together into the amphitheater, having with them dragging along the two Macedonians, Gaius and Aristarchus, Paul's traveling companions. On his part, Paul wanted to go inside among the public assembly, but the disciples of the Way did not let him. And even some of friendly local provincial officials sent a message to him to plead with him not to risk into the amphitheater.
19:30
19:31
19:32
Now, some cried one thing and some another: for | the assembly was in confusion,
19:23 ‘The Way’ ░░ [= 9:2; 24:14] [i.e. ‘the Way of Mashiah (> God)’ = ‘teaching of Mashiah’). Cf. the term ‘Christianity’ is often confused with a religion, or robed with religions.] b 19:27 Artemis ░░ [Greek goddess (her temple was just outside the city of Ephesus); daughter of Zeus and Leto, and the twin sister of Apollo.= ‘Diana’, Roman goddess of the hunt, the moon and birthing.] a
19:33
19:34
19:35
19:36
19:37
19:38
19:39
and most did not know why they had come together. And when the Judaic people thrusted Alexander up front some of the crowd together prompted him. Thus Alexander, motioning with his hand, wanted to make a defense to the public. But when they found that he was a Judaic, one voice came out of all, for about two hours, crying, “Great is Artemis, goddess of Ephesians!” And having finally calmed the crowd, the town sofer says, “Gentlemen, Ephesians! Who is there not knowing that the city of the Ephesians is the guardian of the temple of the great Artemis as well as of her image which fell down from Zeus [=Jupiter]? Therefore, these facts being undeniable, it is necessary for yoů to calm down and to refrain from doing anything rash. For | yoů have brought here these men, who are neither temple robbers nor blasphemers of our goddess. Therefore if Demetrius and the craftsmen who are with him, have a matter against anyone, the lower-courts are open and there are proconsuls to appeal to; let them bring their charges and counter-charges. But if yoů require anything beyond that, then it must be resolved in the lawful assembly.
19:40
The fact is that we do indeed run the risk of being charged with rioting over today’s event particularly as there is no single excuse to offer, and if the matter be brought forward,
it is impossible for us to account for this disorderly gathering of people.” 19:41
After having spoken these things, he dismissed the assembly.
(Acts 20) Through Macedonia 20:1
And when the disturbance was over, Paul called for the disciples. After encouraging them he said farewell, {? Paul’s letter (2Co); 56-57 CE} and left [Ephesus] to set out on his journey [1Ti 1:3] to [the province of] MACEDONIA [of Greece].
20:2
And as he was going through those regions he gave many words of encouragement to the followers there, and so made his way into [the province ACHAIA of] Greece. Return trip of Paul’s Third Journey on His Mission
20:3
20:3b
20:4
There Paul made his stay [in Corinth] three months. {Paul’s Letter to the Romans from here}
Because some#2 Judaic people made a further plot against him as he was about to set sail for SURIA [from there], Paul decided to make his return journey [home]#3 [taking a detour] through MACEDONIA [instead]. And these were accompanying him {as far as into ASIA}: Sopater, {the son of Pyrrhus} — from Beroea a; as well as Aristarchus and Secundus — from Thessalonica; Gaius — from Derbe; and Timothy; Trophimus [21:29] — from [the province of] ASIA.
plus Tychicus and
(We-section II: 20:4-16) Leaving GREECE 20:5
These
on their part proceeded ahead of us, and it was arranged that they were to await for us at Troas [in MYSIA] [cf. 16:8]
20:6
a b
while we on our part put out to sea after the days of the Matzah Festival b at Neapolis, seaport [10miles SE] of Philippi Later, we joined them up at the very Troas [16:8-11; 2Co 2:14, 2Ti 4:13] within five days where we stayed seven days.
20:4 Berea ░░ [spells also ‘Beroea’] 20:6 Matzah Festival ░░ [12:3] [here, the days would naturally cover the day of Passover feast itself]
Story of Eutychus
20:7-12 20:7
There, while, on the day
one of the [lunar] weeka
[cf. v. 16]
when we were gathered for breaking of bread b,[ v. 11a] Paul began addressing those who had assembled; he kept on giving speech until midnight as he was to depart on the following morning.[ v. 11b] And quite a few oil-lamps were lit in the upstairs room where we were gathered together. And seated on the window sill was ⇨
⇨
20:8
20:9
a certain young lad named Eutychus//‘Lucky’,
who was sinking into a deep sleep as Paul’s talk went on and grew longer. 20:10
20:11
Being overcome by sleep, he fell down from the third story and was picked up [appearing as] dead [to them]. And Paul on his part went downstairs, threw himself on the young-lad and, holding him in his arms, he exclaimed, “Stop making ado; yoů see, he is still alive.” And Paul went back upstairs and broke bread and took food. [ v.7] He continued to talk with them for quite a while — until daybreak [in fact] — and then he departed [from us].[v.13] ((As for the boy they brought back home alive and they found themselves immeasurably relieved.)) ⇦
20:12
20:6 day one of the lunar week ░░ [not related to ‘Sunday’ (first day of the week, solar week)] 20:7 breaking of bread ░░ [a Hebrew idiom for a custom having a meal together (as in Lk 24:35). Here it was after the Sabbath was over after having returned from worship at Sabbath (synagogue or Temple). Not related to the Lord’s Supper.] a
b
Voyage from Troas to Miletus 20:13
We on our part, then, went on ahead to board the seafaring ship and set sail from Troas to Assos where we were to take Paul aboard from there as he had ordered it so, because he wanted to get there by himself on foot.
20:14
20:15
And so we took him aboard when he caught up with us at Assos,
and, from there, proceeded to Mitylene. And sailing from there the following day we arrived opposite CHIOS (Is.), and the next day we touched atSAMOS (Is.), {and remained at Trogyllium}, and on the day after we came to Miletus. [a coastal city about 30 miles S. of Ephesus]
20:16
The fact was that Paul had already decided to sail past Ephesus, as he did not want to spend time there in [the Province of] ASIA. He meant to make haste because he was anxious to be in Yerusalem by the Day of Shavuot [‘Pentecost’ v. 7a], if that were possible. [in 56 CE] a ⇦
(20:17ff Addressing to Elders) Addressing to Elders from Ephesus 20:17
20:18
Thus, while at Miletus, Paul sent off a message to Ephesus to summon the elders of the congregation [of the Apostolic Mashiahn Community] to come down to see him. And when they had arrived, he addressed them in these words,
“Yoů yourselves, I’m sure, well know that
20:19
20:20
— from the first day I set foot into [the Province of] ASIA, how I was the whole time with yoů, serving the Lord with much humility, in tears, and through trials of hardship I had to endure because of the plots by the Judaic people;
yoů know how I have never shrunk back from telling yoů anything that yoů might benefit
as telling and teaching yoů
20:21
publicly and from house to house, testifying both to Judaic people and to Greeks about coming to repent and turn to Elohim, the true God, and about coming to believe in our Lord Yeshua haMashiah.
a
20:16 [56 CE] ░░ [a sabbatical year]
20:22
20:23
20:24
20:25
20:26
“And now, see, bound in the spirit, I am going up to Yerusalem, not knowing what will I face there: except this, that the very holy Spirit leaves me in no doubt that, city after city, imprisonments and hardships are waiting for me there. Still, as far as my whole being is concerned, not a bit I consider it worthy as dear to myself; it matters so long as I should finish {with joy} [running] the race laid out for me and [complete] the task which the Lord Yeshua has given to me, that is, to bear thorough witness to the Gospel which proclaims the grace of Elohim. And look ¡ among yoů I have gone about proclaiming the Kingdom reign of Elohim; now, I know that none of yoů will see my face again. That being so, I assure yoů solemnly this very day , that I am clean of anyone’s blood — responsible for no man’s perished soul.
20:27
20:28
Yoů see, I have not held back from telling yoů the whole plan of Elohim. Be on yoůr guard for yourselves and for all the flock, among which the very holy Spirit has made yoů overseers, to shepherd the Apostolic Mashiahn Community of the {Lord — that which belongs to} Elohim — which He secured a to Himself with the very blood of His own [Son].
20:29
20:30
20:31
20:32
a
I know that, when I am gone, ravenous wolves will come into among yoů, and will not spare the flock from devouring; yes, even from among yourselves | some mmen will come out, uttering things of perverting truths, to draw away the disciples after them [and making them over to their side]. “Therefore, keep yourselves alert, remembering that for three whole years, night or day, even with tears in my eyes I did not cease to admonish each of yoů. And now I’m putting yoů elders to the care of God {/mss}, and to the [whole Gospel] message of His grace,
20:35 secured to Himself ░░ /secured for Himself – Danker p. 281; /xx: purchased; /x: acquired;
— the message which is able to build yoů up [to grow mature] and to give yoů the promised share — to yoů among all those who are consecrated to God. 20:33
20:34
20:35
20:36
20:37
20:38
a
Silver or gold or clothing [to sustain me] — these things I have never asked for to anyone; yoů yourselves know well enough that these very hands [of my own] have provided my needs and the needs of those who were with me. In all things I have always shown yoů by my example how, by one’s own laboring, we ought to help the weak and to remember the words of the Lord Yeshua, how He Himself said, a [Cf. Lk 6:38; Pr 11:24; Mt 6:20] [Eph 4:28]…” And when Paul finished speaking, having knelt down with them all he prayed. And all of them wept and wept; and they hugged him and kissed him again and again for farewell being-pained by his saying that they are going to see his face no longer. They then accompanied him to the ship.
20:35 to give than to receive ░░ [the purpose of work is to h ave is to give.]
(Acts 21) To Phoenicia
(We-section III: 21:1-18) 21:1
And it came to pass when having parted from them and had set sail at Miletus, we made a straight course to COS (Is.) and the next day to the port city of Rhodes (on the same named island) and from there to Patara [on the mainland opposite to Rhodes] :
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and having found a ship crossing over to PHOENICIA, we boarded and set sail. And when CYPRUS (Is.) sighted, we passed it larboard, and sailed to SURIA and brought the ship in at Tyre; for | the ship was to unload her cargo there. And having found the disciples, we remained there seven days and these said to Paul prompted through the Spirit, [rather] not to be going up to Yerusalem. And it came to pass when we had completed the days, we departed and went on our journey, and all, with wives and children, accompanied us until we were outside the city. And having knelt down on the shore, we prayed,
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and having hugged one another for farewell, we boarded the ship, and they returned to their own homes.
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And continuing our voyage we left Tyre, we arrived [and landed] at Ptolemais, and we greeted the brethren and stayed the night with them.
Return trip of Paul’s Third Journey on His Mission 21:8
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And on the next day we {/Paul’s traveling companions} left and came to Caesarea [to end a long journey] and having entered into the house of Philip the evangelist, who was one of ‘the Seven’[cf.6:5], we stayed with him ((— by the way this man had four unmarried daughters with the gift of prophesying.)) And while we were staying there several days, there came down from Judea a certain prophet, named Agabus. And having come to us He took Paul's belt and bound his own feet and hands with it
and said, “Thus says the very holy Spirit: ” 21:12
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And when we heard these things, both we and those living there pleaded with him not to go up to Yerusalem. Then Paul answered, “What are yoů doing, weeping and breaking my heart? For | I am ready not only to be bound, but even to die in Yerusalem for the sake of the name of the Lord Yeshua.”
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And when he was not persuaded, we did not push any more, saying “May the Lord’s will be done.”
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And the days of our visit having come to an end, we packed up and set out for Yerusalem. accompanied by some of the disciples from Caesarea, escorting us as far as the house where we were to stay. It belonged to a man called Mnason , a native of Cyprus, a disciple in the faith from the early days. And when we had come to Yerusalem, the brethren gave us a hearty welcome. And the following day Paul took us with him
To Yerusalem
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to pay a visit to Yaakob [brother of the Lord] [12:17; 15:13]
[who was in charge of the Yerusalem Mashiahn Community],
all the elders [of the Mashiahn Community] being assembled in place. 21:19
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And after exchanging greetings with them Paul gave full account of what Elohim had done among the Gentiles through his ministry. And, when they heard this, they gave praise to Elohim, and said to Paul, “Brother, you are no doubt aware how many have become believers tens of thousands among the people of Judaic faith! Yes, all of them have zeal for the Torah: At the same time they have been informed about you, that you teach all the Judaic people living among the Gentiles to turn away from Moshe’s teaching, by telling them not to have their children brit-milaha our [solemn]
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a
handed down to them
and not to follow traditions What are we then to do? Assuredly they’re bound to hear that you’ve come
21:21 have ~ brit-milah ░░ /give ~ circumcision rites; /> circumcise ~;
.
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{— a multitude is going to come together.} So, this is what you must do as we tell you: there are with us four men – themselves each having taken a [Nazarite] vow. Take them along with you and join them in their purification rite; Yeah, also take care of their expense incurred in having taken this vow [+ for offering the burnt sacrifices] so that they may end their vow and will then have their long-grown hairs shorn off [+ at the end of the purification period]. In thatthere way,iseveryone will know that nothing of substance
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in what they have been told about you; but you live, yourself keeping the Torah as you should. As for the Gentiles who have become believers, we have written to them giving our decision we have come to — that they should avoid to be on guard [15:20, 29 ‘abstain’] ▪ against eating meat from sacrificed animal to pagan false gods ▪ and against blood [sacrifice] ▪ and against [eating meat from] animals strangled to death} ▪ and against fornication.” [//15:20; //15:29] Then taking these men the next day, having gone through purification rite himself as well along with them [required for ending of their Nazarite vow] Paul went into the Temple to give notice to the priests that, when the required days of their purification would end the offering would be presented for each of them. [Nm 6:9-20]
{Paul’s Journey to Rome – 21:27-28:16} 21:27
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And when the seven day period [of the purification rite] was about to be ending, the Judaic people from [the Province of] ASIA spotted Paul in the Temple. They began to get all the crowd stirred up to lay hands on him, and shouted out, “Fellow men, yoů Israelites, give us hands! This is the man who is teaching everyone everywhere things against the people, the Torah, and the ‘Place’ [= The Temple]; moreover he brought even Gentile Greeks into the [inner] Temple court! yeah, he defiled this holy place a! [24:6]”
21:28 this holy place ░░ [= 6:13. Also Mt 24:15 ‘a holy place’; the Temple in general; not same as ‘the Holy places’, nor ‘the Holy of Holy places’ in Heb 8:2ff.] a
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((The fact was, they had previously seen Trophimus the Ephesian [a gentile] in the City [Yerusalem] with him, thus assuming that it must be Paul who had brought him into the Temple sanctuary.)) [He had accompanied Paul on the way from Macedonia.] [20:4]
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And the whole City was in an uproar [because of this], people rushing in together. They got hold of Paul and dragged him off out of the Temple sanctuary, oncedemanding the gates were shut. Whileand theyatwere to put him to death, a report reached the commander of the [Roman] cohort, to the effect that all Yerusalem was in a tumult like a riot. Acting immediately, the commander took soldiers and centurions and raced toward the scene. And when the mob saw the commander and the soldiers [rushing down on them], they stopped beating Paul. Then the commander came up and took hold of him and ordered him to be bound with two chains, and questioned who he was and what he had done. And some among the crowd shouted out one thing, some another, and since it was impossible for him to be certain of the facts because of such commotion that was going on, he gave the order that Paul be brought to the headquarters. And when Paul got on the steps, it turned out that he had toofbethe actually because violentcarried crowd;off by the soldiers for | the crowd of the people kept following them, with shouts, “Put him to death!” There, when Paul was about to be taken into the headquarters, he says to the commander, “Is it permissible for me to speak some words to you?” And he replied, “Well, well, so you know some Greek! Then, you really can’t be that Egyptian, can you? [you know that guy, don’t you?]
the one some time ago started an insurrection, and led the four thousand men of ‘Assassins’ off into the Judean desert-wilderness to hide there. 21:39
But Paul said,
“No, I myself am a man, indeed a Yahudi a, native of Tarsus in CILICIA, a city by no means insignificant. So I beg you, permit me to speak to the people.”
(Acts 22) Act 22:1-21 21:40
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Pau l's Se lf -defense
Then, permission being given, Paul, standing on the top of the steps, motioned with his hand to the people, and when a great hush fell, he began addressing them in Hebrew language, [26:14] saying “mBrothers! Also fathers [of this people]! Please yoů hear my defense which I am making to yoů now. …” ((Now when they heard that he addressing them in Hebrew language, they became all the more quiet.)) Then he continues,
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“I myself am indeed a man from the tribe of Yudah b– just like yoů all, born in Tarsus of CILICIA, but brought up in this very City Yerusalem at the feet of Gamaliel having received learning in every detail of the Torah of our forefathers, being a loyal person to Elohim, just-as yoů all are this day: Yes, it is the followers of this one, the ‘Way’ c as it is called, [9:2; 19:9; 24:14; cf. 18:25-6] that I persecuted even to the point of death, arresting and delivering into prisons — both men and women, as both Kohen haGadol and all the eldership can testify of me —They even gave me letters [to take] to their fellow brethren of the Judaic community and I was on my way to Damascus to arrest even those who were there and bring the prisoners to Yerusalem to get punished.
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And it came to pass that, as I went on and coming near to Damascus, about midday d,, suddenly there shone around me a great light from the heaven.
21:39 Yahudi ░░ /> Jew; 22:3 a man indeed from the tribe of Yudah ░░ \a Jew - most; [Here Paul was indentifying with them.] c 22:4 ‘The Way’ ░░ [= 9:2; 19:23] [i.e. ‘the Way of the Lord 18:25; (cf. the Way of God 18:26) = teaching of Mashiah. [See ‘Religions’ under Basic Words in the Scriptures] d 22:6 midday ░░ (also 26:13); /x: noon (=‘sixth hour-period’) – See ‘hour’ under BW.] a
b
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And having fallen [with others] to the ground I heard a voice saying to me, [9:4; 26:13] 22:8
And I answered, And He said to me,
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But those were with me indeed saw the light and who became fearful, but they on their part did not hear the very voice [I heard] of the one who was speaking to me. And I said, And the Lord said to me,
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And I did not see from the glory of that light, being led by the hand by those who were with me, I came into Damascus. And one Ananias, a man devoutly observing the Torah, well-spoken of by all the Judaic people who dwelt there,
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came to me
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And I on my part in the very moment looked and saw him before me. And he said, And a remarkable thing happened to me to Yerusalem. Whenafter I wasmy in return the Temple court offering prayer I came to fall into a trance
a
22:10 sir ░░ [same as in v. 8; here ‘Lord’ may be appropriate in the context. Here both kept same.]
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— and there saw Yeshua and heard him saying to me, Then, this was my own reply: And He said to me, . . .”
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And, listening to his word this much, the crowd thus raised their voice, shouting: “Get rid of that guy off the face of the earth: — he doesn’t to be alive!”
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As they were screaming like this, throwing down their robes
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and throwing dust up into the air, the commander ordered him be brought into the headquarters, saying that he should be interrogated by flogging him to know the reason they are shouting at him this way. And when they had strapped him down ready for the lashing, Paul said to the centurion who was standing by, “As for a man who is a Roman citizen and hasn’t even had a proper trial — is it allowed for yoů to flog/scourge him?”
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And when the centurion heard this, he went to the commander and reported it, saying “{Watch} what are you about to do. You see, actually this man is a Roman citizen.”
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And the commander came and asked Paul, “Tell me: you really are a Roman citizen?” And he said, “Yes.”
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And the commander answered,
“I for myself had to pay a large sum [of money] for this citizenship!” And Paul said, “But I even was born a Roman citizen!” 22:29
Then those who were about to interrogate him at once stayed away from him and the commander became now afraid when he found out that Paul was now turned up a Roman and because it was this Paul he had actually put in chains.
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But on the next day, desiring to know for sure why Paul was accused by the Judaic people, the commander let him unshackled {from the chain} and ordered Kohen haGadol and all the Council to come together and brought Paul down and had him stand before them. [56 CE]
(Acts 23) 23:1
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And Paul, staring up at the Council, said, “mBrothers, as regards to myself, I have lived my life to this day with a perfectly clear conscience before Elohim.” And Kohen haGadol Hananyah a [47-59 CE] ordered those who stood by him to strike him on the mouth.
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as Paul“Elohim said to him, is going to strike you, you whitewashed wall! and you–you sit there judging me according to the Torah and then contrary to the Torah you are ordering me to be struck! 23:4
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And those who stood by said, “What? He is Kohen haGadol of Elohim! How dare do you insult him!” And Paul said, “I had no idea, mbrothers, that he was Kohen haGadol: [How was I to know? If I did, I should have refrained;]
yes, it stands written, {Ex 22:8} 23:2 Hananyah ░░ [also 24:1. High Priest similar named but different from Hannan Act 4:6 = Lk 2:2 = Jn 18:13 (‘Annas’)](same named persons – (1) the ill-fated one in Act 5:1 ff and (2) oneYeshua’s disciple in Act 9:10 ff. There Greek form Ananias is used.) a
” 23:6
But when Paul knew that the one group was Sadducees and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, “Brethren! I, yes, I really am a Pharisee, a son of a Pharisee! It is over the matter of my confident hope in resurrection of dead ones that I am being judged here!”
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And when he had said this, there began a dispute /argument between the Pharisees and {the} Sadducees, and the multitude was divided. ((That was because the Sadducees say that there is no such thing as resurrection [of the dead]; neither an angel, nor a spirit; but the Pharisees acknowledge them all.)) And there broke out a great uproar and some of the soferim of the Pharisees stood up and began contending, saying “We find no fault in this man; and what if a spirit has spoken to him or an angel? {Let us not fight against God.}”
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And when there was a great dissension, the commander began to fear lest Paul should be torn in pieces by them. Thus he gave an order to the soldiers to go down and snatch him out of their midst and bring him into the headquarters. And the Lord appeared to stand by his side as night came and said, “Have courage: it is that as you have borne witness about me at Yerusalem, so must you bear witness also at Rome.” And when it became day, {some of} the Judaic people made a plot and bound themselves under a curse, saying with an oath that they would neither eat, nor drink again until they had killed off Paul. And they were more than forty that made this oath of conspiracy.
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And they came to Kohen haGadol and the elders and said, “We have bound ourselves with a curse not to take any food until we have killed off Paul. Well then, yoů, for yoůr part, together with the Sanhedrin
notify the commander
/chiliarch
to bring him down to yoů,
on the pretext that yoů are about to make a more thorough examination of his case. And we, for our part, are to be ready to get rid of him before he arrives.” 23:16
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But Paul's sister's son over-heard of their plot of ambush and he came and entered into the headquarters and had Paul know on that matter. And Paul called one of the centurions to him and said, “Bring this young man to the commander; it is that there is something he has to let the commander know.”
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At that the centurion took the man and brought him to the commander, and addressing him in these words: “The prisoner Paul called me to his side and asked me to take this young man to you, because there is something he has to tell you.”
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And the commander took the young man by the hand, and drew him to his side, and asked him, “What is it that you have to have me know?
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And he said, “The Judean people have devised a scheme that they were put before you a request to bring Paul tomorrow before the Sanhedrin, on the pretext that they mean to inquire more accurately into his case. So then, don’t yield to them: the truth is that more than forty out of them are lying in wait for him. And these have bound themselves under a curse that they would neither eat nor drink again until they get rid of him. And they are ready now, waiting only for the promise from you to fall in with their scheme .”
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So the commander dismissed the young man after ordering him, “Don’t blab to anyone that you have made these things clear to me.”
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And he summoned two of the centurions and said, “Make ready two hundred infantrymen by the third hour-period-of-the-nighta to set out for Caesarea. [9 PM]
23:23 third hour-period-of-the-night ░░ (in contrast to ‘hour-on-sundial’); [≈ 8-9 p.m. if sunset is 6 p.m.] [This is the only example of an ordinal numer for Roman reckoning of hours-of-the-night with a night period a
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together with seventy horsemen and two hundred spearmen, Moreover, provide beasts of burden so that Paul may ride and be taken safely to Felix the governor.” And he wrote a letter in these words: “From To:
Claudius Lysias, His Excellency Governor Felix
Greeting! 23:27
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This man
you are going to see was seized by his own Judaic people and they were about to get rid of him. But, when I have found out that he was a Roman citizen I went up with my troop and got him away out of harm’s way. Moreover, since I desired to ascertain on what ground they were accusing him, I took him down before their Sanhedrin: However, I found that there was an accusation concerned with disputed points of their Torah, but there was nothing to charge against him for which he would deserve death, or even imprisonment. Moreover, an information came to me that there was a plot afoot against the man {by the Judaic people}; that’s why I immediately proceeded to send him to you, at the sometime instructing his accusers to present their case against him before you. {Sincerely.}”
Thus, taking the orders given to them, the soldiers took Paul and brought him that night as far as Antipatris. 40 miles NW fr. Yerusalem On the next day they returned to their headquarters [in Yerusalem] leaving it to the cavalry to continue to go on with him: And when the cavalry arrived Caesarea-by-the-Sea further 25 miles NWW and delivered the letter to the governor, they also presented Paul before him. And the governor, upon reading it, asked Paul what province he was from, only to learn that he was from CILICIA. He said, “I will hear your case as soon as your accusers also have arrived.”
divided by 12, same as a day was. Judaic-Scriptural reckoning is to divide a night into four watches and to divide a day into 12 hrs.]
Then he ordered Paul to be kept under guard there in the Praetorium [here at Caesarea Maritima] built by Herod the Great.
(Acts 24) 24:1
And after five days Kohen haGadol Hananyah [CE 47-59] came down [to Caesarea] with some elders and a certain orator, one Tertullus, and they brought formal charges against Paul to the governor. So, Paul having been called, Tertullus began to accuse him, saying
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“A great having become ours to enjoy underyour yourforethought, rule thepeace reforms brought to this nation through In every way and everywhere we may be, we have come to acknowledge this, your Excellency Felix, with all the thankfulness. Now, nothing could be further from my intention than to hold you unduly long. Still, I am pleading with you to hear us briefly by your kindness. That fact is, we have found this man to be such a plague, a real troublemaker, to stir-up discord among all the Judaic peoplea throughout the inhabited-land. acting as the ringleader of the Nazorean sect; Beside, he tried to desecrate the Temple court, and it was in these circumstances that we put him under arrest him judged {and want to have accordingcame to ourupon Torah.} — ((Then, Lysias the commander us and with great force took him out-of our hands.)) — When you order his accusers to come forward to you,} as regards yourself, you will be in a position, by simply questioning him yourself, to ascertain from him the truth of all the charges we ourselves are making against him.”
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And the Judaic people supported this indictment, claiming that the facts were as stated.
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And now, in response to a signal to go ahead from governor Felix, Paul answered, “Knowing fully well as I do that for many years you have been performing the function of a judge on behalf of this nation, I am readily bringing in my defense concerning my own affairs:
a
24:5 Judaic people ░░ /Yahudim; /x: Jews; /xx: Judeans; [See BW *Jews]
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As you are able to ascertain — it is for me not more than twelve days since I went up to Yerusalem to worship: yet, no one found me in the Temple courts debating with others, nor was I discovered in attempt to stir up a crowd, be in the synagogues, or in the City. Nor are they able to present to you the charges they are right now making against me.
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This,byhowever, I will you, that [9:2; 19:9; cf. 18:25] following the say new openly Way [oftoour Mashiah] (those [bringing charges against me] refer to it as a [heretical] sect [of our Judaism]) in that way I do render sacred service to Elohim of our forefathers, believing all the things laid down in the Torah and written in the PROPHETS. I have a confident hope that rests in Elohim — the hope shared by these men here — that there is to be a resurrection{of dead ones}, of righteous ones and also unrighteousones. a And it is in consideration of all this that I myself also do strive ever to keep a conscience clear before Elohim and before men. Now after an interval of some years I returned giftsmy ofofferings: mercy to [the people of] my own nation as well to asbring to make and I was engaged in this task of offering sacrifices in the Temple courts, having purified ceremonially, when they came upon me. There was no crowd, neither there was any uproar; only certain Judaic people from [the Province of] ASIA were with me: These are the men who ought to be present here before you if they had anything to charge me with. Since there are not here, let these men themselves who are here declare what wrong-doing they found me guilty of when I was confronting the Council, — except this one statement that I shouted out I stood in the All I as said was this:
midst of them:
a
24:15 righteous ~ unrighteous ░░ /x: just ~ unjust – KJV; /xx: good ~~ bad; /xx: good ~ evil; /
that I myself am on trial before yoů today>.”⌂ 24:22
But Felix, having learned more accurately concerning the Way, adjourned the proceedings, saying “As soon as Lysias the commander comes down here, I shall decide upon these matters involving yoů all.”
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And Felix commanded the centurion to have Paul kept in custody but to give him some freedom and to allow to be attended upon {or visited} by his own.
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After a few days Felix with his [third] wife Drusilla, a Jewess, sent for Paul and listened to what he had to say on the Paul’s faith in the Mashiah {Yeshua}. But when he dealt with the subjects of righteousness and self-control as well as the God’s Judgment to come, Felix became uneasy and apprehensive. He replied, “For the present you may go. When a convenient time is found, I’ll send for you again.” Entertaining a hope that Paul would pay him some money to secure release from the prison , he often summoned Paul to come and talk privately with him. Meanwhile two
years passed. Felix was succeeded by Porcius Festus,
Wishing toleft gain favor with as thea Judaic people, Felix Paul behind prisoner [there in Caesarea].
(Acts 25) 25:1
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Having arrived in his own province to take up his new post, this Festus, three days later, went up from Caesarea to Yerusalem, where Kohen haGadol and the leaders of the Judaic people laid case before him against Paul. Moreover, they made the request (as a special favor for them) that Paul should be brought up to Yerusalem. — they were surreptitiously plotting to lay an ambush and to kill him along the way. Festus then replied: “As Paul is being kept prisoner right now in Caesarea and as I myself was shortly returning there, I suggest that those influential among yoů accompany me
and if he has done anything wrong, they may bring charges against him there.” 25:6
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And after a stay of eight days or ten in Yerusalem – not more – Festus went down back to Caesarea. Next day he took his place on the judicial bench and ordered Paul to be brought. And with Paul in place, the Judaic leaders from Yerusalem took their stands around him, and brought against him a variety of serious charges, none of which they were able to substantiate.
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Then Paul said in his defense,
“Nothing against the Judaic Torah, or the Temple, nor against Emperor Caesar have I committed any crime! 25:9
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But Festus, wishing to gain a favor with the Judaic people, replied to Paul and said, “Are you willing to go up to Yerusalem and be tried there on these charges before me?” But Paul said, “I should be standing before Caesar's judicial bench — that’s where I ought to be tried. I have done nothing wrong to the Judaic people, as you also know well enough. Thus, if, on the other hand, what I’m doing is wrong and I have done anything deserving death penalty. I do not ask to escape the sentence of death; As in fact, however, there is no substance whatsoever in any of these charges brought against me, anyone should be able to hand me over to my adversaries. — To Caesar I appeal!”
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Upon this, after conferring with his advisers, Festus gave out this reply: “To Caesar you have appealed; to Caesar you shall go!”
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Now after an interval of several days, [Herod] Agrippa II the King andBernice arrived at Caesarea [from Yerusalem] and paid their respects to Festus. [58 CE] And during their stay of several days, Festus laid Paul's case before the King, saying
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“There is a certain man here. who has been left in prison bythe former governor Felix. This is about him. On an occasion when I went to Yerusalem,
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Kohen haGadol and the elders of the Judeans presented their case about him and asked for a guilty sentence against him. I gave them this reply: So in time when his opponents joined me here, I acted without the least delay: the very next morning I took my place on the judicial bench and ordered the man to be brought to the court. When the accusers took their stands, they were not bringing up charges of any misdemeanor which I expected; but it was just that they argued on with Him about their own peculiar religion and about a certain Yeshua, who died, but whom Paul declared to be alive. Since I myself was completely at a loss as to how to investigate these matters, I asked if he was willing to go to Yerusalem and stand trial on these charges. But when Paul appealed to be remanded for the decision of His Imperial Majesty, I gave orders to have him kept under remand until I should send him toEmperor Caesar.” And Agrippa said to Festus, “I’d like to hear the man myself as well.” “Tomorrow,” he says, “you shall hear him.”
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So the next day, Agrippa and Bernice made their appearance with great pomp, and entered into the audience chamber attended by the commanders as well as the city notables. And at Festus’s order Paul was brought. And Festus says, “King Agrippa, and all of yoů who are here with us, this man is the man about whom the whole Judaic community has petitioned me, both in Yerusalem and here,
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clamoring that he no longer had the right to live. For my part, I realized that he had done nothing deserving death penalty, but when he himself appealed to His Augustus Majesty, I decided to send him. On the other hand, I have nothing definite about him to write to my Lord Caesar Emperor. That’s why I have brought him outhere before yoů all and especially before you, King Agrippa, that, after this examination finishes, I may have something to write. it seems to me absurd to send a prisoner Yoů see, without specifying the charges against him.”
(Acts 26) 26:1
And Agrippa said to Paul, “Now you may speak on behalf of yourself.” Then stretching out his hand Paul motioned for silence and began his defense:
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“Concerning all the things of which I am accused by the Judaic authorities, O King Agrippa! I consider myself fortunate
that I am about to make my defense before yoů today:
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especially so, {being aware that} you are familiar, all the things about Judaic customs and controversial matters. So I beg {you} to be patient and hear me out. My way of life from my youth, a life lived from the beginning among my own people and in Yerusalem— this all the Judaic leaders know. they have known me for a long time — if they would only to admit to this fact— that, it is in conformity with what is laid down by the strict party of our religious tradition a. In other words, I lived as a Pharisee as I should. And now it is on account of this hope in the promise that made by Elohim to our fathers that I am standing here on trial — the very promise that our twelve tribes hope to see fulfilled as they earnestly worship God night and day. And it is, O king {Agrippa}, on account of this very hope that I am being charged — by our own Judaic people. Why do yoů all who are here think it is something incredible that Elohim does raise the dead to Life? “Indeed, as for myself, there was a time when I became convinced I my own mind that it’s my duty to do lots of work in opposition to the very name of Yeshua the Nazorean. And this was what I did in Yerusalem: many of the those dedicated to Elohim did I myself lock up in prisons — this being done on the authority received of Kohen haGadol — And, when they were being sentenced to death, I cast my vote against them.
a
26:5 religious tradition ░░ (thrēskeia ); /religion – most (- Paul is not using a technical term ‘religion’);
26:11
And, punishing them often in all the synagogues, I tried to force them to blaspheme [the name of Yeshua]. And in an excess of fanaticism with hate against them I even went to persecute them even in the cities beyond Judea.”
26:12
“That’s how I came to be heading to Damascus authorized and commissioned by Kohen haGadol. In the middle of daya, O King, as I was on my way I saw a light from the heaven, much brighter than sun, shining around me and my travelling companions. And we all fell to the ground, and then I heard a voice saying to me [9:4; 22:7] in Hebrew language, [21:40]
26:13
26:14
26:15
And I said,
26:16
And the Lord said,
26:17
26:18
26:19
as testify servant and ayou witness, that you shall to what have seen [of me] as well as what I’ll yet reveal to you. I’ll rescue you from your own people and from the Gentiles. To the Gentiles I’m sending you, to open their eyes, so that they may turn from darkness to light and from the authority of Satan to the Elohim, so that, they may be granted forgiveness of sins and, by putting [their] trust in me, may become part of those who have been consecrated to God.> “So then, how could I remain, O King Agrippa, disobedient to the heavenly vision?
a 26:13 middle of day ░░ (= 22:6 ‘midday’); /x: noon (which is ‘sixth hour-period’) – See ‘hour’ under Basic Words in the Scripture .] b 26:15 Yeshua ░░ [a transliterate of Hebrew, as He used to introduce Himself. Cf. Iesous (Greek transliterate), Iesus (an old English transliterate of Greek), Jesus (metamorphosed after ‘j’ sound having come into English in the
mid 17c.).]; /x: Jesus (- Here it is illogical to have Him say his name was ‘Jesus’!)
26:20
26:21
On the contrary, to those right there in Damascus first, and then those in Yerusalem to reach throughout the whole Judea, yes, even to the Gentiles, I’ve brought the word that they shouldcome to repent and turn to Elohim, the true God, [20:21; cf. 3:19] and do what they should do in keeping with repentence having turned from their sins. This is why the Judeans took had me arrested in the Temple court and were trying to put me to death.
26:22
By the to grace Elohim, I have bearofmy witnesshowever, to one and all. stood to this day 26:23
26:24
Nothing what I say differs from what the prophets and Moses foretold: That the Mashiah would have to suffer [to death] and would be [the] first[-fruits] out-of the resurrection of the dead, to proclaim ☼light both to our own Judaic people – and to the Gentiles☼.” Now Paul had reached this point in his defense, when Festus cried out loudly [+ cutting him off as soon as Paul mentioned the resurrection of the dead], “You are insane#, Paul! Your great learning is driving you insane!”
26:25
26:26
26:27
26:28
But Paul says, “I am not going insane, your most Excellency Festus; but speaking out words of sober truth. In reality, the king to whom I am speaking boldly also well knows about these things; after all I can’t believe that any of these things has escaped his notice; for | this thing has not been done in a corner [and tucked away outside of the view] . “Do you, King Agrippa, believe the PROPHETS? — I know you do.” And Agrippa said to Paul, “With such a little effort you’re persuading me to turn to turn into one of your Mashiahn a fellas!?”
26:29
And Paul said, “I bring my wish to Elohim that, — whether it takes a little or much persuasion —
a
26:28 Mashiahn ░░ /> Messianist; /x: Christian – most (- anachronistic); [king’s utterance is in cynical tone; not of ‘honorable evasion’. See Act 11:26 EE; also ‘*Christians in BW.]
not only you but also all those who hear me today may become such as I also am — except, of course, for … these chains I’m bound in.” 26:30
26:31
And the king rose and so did the governor [°=king’s incestuous sister] and °Bernice and those seated with them: and as they withdrew they spoke to one another, saying “Nothing worthy of death or of chain is this man doing.”
26:32
And Agrippa saidcould to Festus, “This man have been released, if he had not appealed to Caesar.”
27:1ff – Last Journey [Caesarea to Rome] Map Paul’s Voyage to Rome www.ccel.org/bible/phillips/CN092MAPS1.htm http://net.bible.org/map.php?map=jp4 www.matthewmcgee.org/paultime.html
(Acts 27) (We-section IV: 27:1 - 28:16) Voyage from Caesarea 27:1
Once the decision was made that we were to go to ITALY by the sea, Paul, with a few other prisoners, was handed over to a centurion named Julius, who belonged to the [prestigious] Augustus Cohort.
27:2
And having boarded a ship from Adramyttium, which was to be bound for places along the coast of [the province of] ASIA, we were put out to sea, there being with us Aristarchus, a fellow prisoner, who was a Macedonian from Thessalonica.
27:3
And the next day we were putin at Sidon and the centurion Julius treated Paul kindly enough to permit him to go and see his friends and be cared for.
27:4
And from there we put out again to sea sailing under the shelter of the Island CYPRUS avoiding contrary winds.
27:5
And then crossing the sea off the coast of CILICIA and PAMPHYLIA, we reached to Myra, a port in LYCIA.
27:6
27:7
There, the centurion found a [very big premier] [grain cargo] ship hailing from Alexandria, which was bound for ITALY, and he put us aboard her. For a good many days we made but little headway and we had considerable difficulty to reach Cnidus [a port city on a peninsula, about 130 miles from Myra].
27:8
As the wind not letting us head on any farther in that direction, we dipped down south and sailed under the shelter of the Island CRETE, off Cape Salmone on the Eastern coast of the Island. We then struggled [about 60 miles] along its [Southern] coast until we reached a port called Fair Havens [Gk. KAOLI LIMENES] ; which was a short distance [5 miles to East] beyond the town of Lasea [on the coast].
27:9
And since much of timewas hadgetting been lost by now for seafaring and the weather dangerous because the season was now late in the fall well after time of the ☼Fasting on the Day of Atonement [=Yom Kippur], [☼Lev 16:29] Paul gave them this warning:
27:10
saying to them,
“My fellow men! I can see that the voyage is likely to end up in a disaster with much loss, not only of the cargo and the ship, but also of our lives.” 27:11
27:12
27:13
27:14
27:15
27:16
27:17
27:18
27:19
But the centurion was more persuaded by the shipmaster a and the ship-owner, rather than by anything Paul said. And because the harbor was to them unsuitable for wintering, the majority decided to sail on, hoping that perhaps they could make it to Phoenix for wintering there, a harbor of CRETE (Is.), looking northwest and southwest. And when a light south wind sprang up, they thought they had as good as realized what they intended, and lifted the anchor up and began coasting close by along the coast of CRETE (Is.). But not long after, the [feared] tempestuous wind storm, feared Euraquilo{/mss}, rushed down upon it! and as the ship was violently caught by it and could not keep its head against, we had to give in, and let it driven along by the wind. And running under the lee of a small island called CLAUDA, we were with difficulty able to get under the control the ship’s life-boat on tow: and after the crew had hoisted it up aboard, they used cables to under-gird the ship. Fearing they would be-thrown away further down onto the Gulp of Syrtis Major [of North Africa to the south] , they lowered the drift-anchor and so let it driven along. But being violently tossed by the storm next day, they began to jettison the cargo; and the third day they started throwing [some of] the ship’s gear overboard [cf. v. 40] with their very own hands.
27:20
And as neither sun nor stars appeared for many days and not a small! storm raging upon us, any lingering hope for us to be saved was all evaporated.
27:21
And since they could not bother to eat for so long, Paul stood up in the midst of them and said,
a
27:11 shipmaster ░░ /helmsman - NKJV; /> captain - most; /x: master – KJV; /;
“O gentlemen, yoů ought to have obeyed me and not have dared to set sail from CRETE (Is.); then yoů would have spared yourselves such a disaster like this to incur so heavy a loss. And now, my advice to yoů is to keep up your courage; indeed, here none of yoů will have their soul lost, but only the ship will be lost. In fact, last night there stood by me someone from the Elohim to whom I belong and whom I serve
27:22
27:23
— an angel of messenger
27:24
saying
27:25
So keep up your courage, gentlemen: as I believe Elohim that it will happen just as he has told me. Now, we will have to come ashore-on some island.”
27:26
27:27
27:28
27:29
27:30
27:31
27:32
27:33
But when it became the fourteenth night, we were still driven in the Adriatic Sea; Around the middle of that night the sailors suspected it was approaching some land. They took soundings, they found it was twenty fathoms deep, [=120 ft] and after a short interval, they took soundings again and it was fifteen fathoms. [=90 ft] And fearing that we might run aground somewhere on the rocky place, they dropped four anchors from the stern and wished for day to break. But when the sailors were trying to abandon the ship and had lowered the life-boat into the sea on the pretext of dropping anchors from the prow, Paul said to the centurion and to the soldiers, “Unless these sailors remain in the ship, yoů yourselves cannot safely make it!” Upon hearing this, the soldiers cut the ropes off the life-boat and let it drift away. And as day was about to break Paul encouraged them all to eat, saying
27:34
“Today is the fourteenth day since yoů have waited out without bothering to touch food, having taken nothing in. So now, I encourage yoů to take some nourishment:
yoů need it to stay alive; yoů see, not a hair will be lost from yoůr heads.” 27:35
27:36 27:37 27:38
And when he had said this, he took bread up, he gave thanks to Elohim in the presence of all, and he broke it and started to eat. They all cheered themselves up and ate some food too. ((In all there were {two hundred} seventy six souls of us on board.)) And after they had eaten enough to be satisfied, they lightened the ship by throwing the cargo of grain out into the sea.
27:39
27:40
27:41
27:42
27:43
27:44
And when daythey broke, though could not recognize which land [it was], they could see a certain bay a with a beach. So they decided to run, if it were possible [at all], the ship on to the shore. Thus [finally] they cut the anchors free, abandoning them in the water, and at the same time unfastened the lashings of rudders [to allow steering], and hoisting up the foresail to the blowing wind, they set out to head the ship [straight] for the beach. After they fell, however, into a place of two [strong] sea-currents, the ship got run aground [on to the rocky reef] — [on the one end] the prow got stuck and remained immobile, while [on the other end] the stern began to break up by the violence of the waves. And the soldiers was planning to kill off the prisoners to prevent any of them from swimming away to escape. But the centurion, bent on securing the safety of Paul [under his responsibility], blocked their plan, and ordered those who were able to swim to jump overboard first and get to the land; And the rest were to follow, some indeed on planks and others on some broken pieces from the ship. And so it came to pass this way all were brought safely to the land.
(Acts 28) 28:1
28:2
Once we had made it ashore to safety, we found out that the island was MALTA as it was called. And the native islanders showed us extraordinary kindness,
a 27:39 a certain bay ░░ [St. Thomas Bay, at the south-eastern Malta, according to Bob Cornuke, The Lost Shipwreck of St Paul (2003). Traditionally, St. Paul Bay in the north-eastern Malta.]
28:3
28:4
kindling a fire to warm us in welcoming all of us since it started to rain and was cold. But Paul gathered a bundle of dry sticks of brushwood and as he was putting it on the fire, a viper came out, driven off by the heat, and latched onto his hand. Then, seeing the venomous wild-creature hanging from his hand, the islanders said to one another, “This man must be a murderer. Though he made it safely out of the sea,
fate of justice would not let him live.” 28:5
28:6
28:7
28:8
28:9
28:10
However, he just shook off the venomous creature into the fire and suffered no harm. But they were expecting that he was about to swell up or to suddenly drop dead. But, after waiting for a long time without seeing anything unusual happen to him, they changed themselves in their mind and were now saying that he must be a god.
Now in the area around that place were fields belonging to the governor of the island; his name was Publius. He welcomed us into his house in a friendly manner to lodge there three days. And it came to pass , that the father of Publius became sick in bed with bouts of fever and dysentery: Paul came to see him. After praying Paul laid hands on him and divinely healed him. And when this happened, other sick people in the island also kept coming and were healed. They also honored us with many honors, and when we were setting sail, they brought the things for our need and placed aboard.
28:11
Three months having gone by, we sailed in a ship which had wintered in the island, an Alexandrian ship with the ‘Heavenly Twins’ [=Sons of Zeus] on its figurehead.
28:12
28:13
And being brought into
Syracuse [on the Is. Sicily],
we stayed there for two days. From there we went around and arrived at Rhegium [on the southern tip of Italy] .
28:14
28:15
28:16
and after one day a south wind sprang up and on the second day we came to Puteoli; There we found fellow brethren and were invited to stay with them for a week and thus we headed for Rome . And the fellow brethren there, when they heard that we were coming, traveled down to bid us welcome as far as the ‘Forum -of-Appius’ and the ‘Three-Inns: When Paul saw them, he thanked Elohim and took courage. And when we entered Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the commander, but Paul was allowed to live by himself with the soldier to guard him.
{Paul’s Last Days in Rome} And it came to pass, that after three days he called together those who were the local leaders of the Judaic people. When they assembled, he said to them,
28:17
“I for my part, fellow mbrethren! although I had done nothing against to our own people or against the customs of our forefathers, I was handed over to the hands of the Romans 28:18
28:19
28:20
28:21
as prisoner from Yerusalem. After questioning me, the Romans were willing to release me, because there was no ground for death penalty in my case. But when our Judaic people spoke against it, I was compelled to appeal to Caesar; not that I had anything of which to accuse my own nation. For this reason I have asked yoů to see and to speak with me: indeed, it is for the sake of the hope of Israel that I have this chain hanging on me.”
And they said to him, “We have neither received letters from Judea concerning you, nor has any of the brethren come here
and report or speak any evil concerning yoů.
28:22
But we consider it worthy to hear from you what do you think: for | indeed concerning this sect, it is known to us that everywhere it is spoken-against.”
28:23
28:24
28:25
And when they had appointed him a day, they came to him into his lodging in great number; to whom he expounded the matter, testifying the Kingdom reign of Elohim and persuading them concerning Yeshua, both from the Torah of Moshe and from the Nebiim, from morning until evening. And some indeed got persuaded by what they were told but others would not believe. And when they disagreed among themselves, they dismissed themselves after Paul had spoken one statement: “The very holy Spirit has well spoken
through Isaiah the prophet to yoůr fathers,
28:26
as the prophet {/mss} says: {Isa 6:10 LXX}
28:27
28:28
Be it known to yoů, therefore, that {this,} the gift of ☼salvation from Elohim {☼Ps 67:2} has been sent ☼to the Gentiles; {☼Ps 98:3} they, yes, they will certainly hear it [to their hearts]!”
28:29
28:30
28:31
{And when he had said these words, the Judaic people departed, having much debate among themselves.} And Paul stayed quite two years there [in Rome] in a place he got the use of for himself and would receive in all who came to see him, proclaiming the Kingdom reign of Elohim and teaching the things concerning the Lord Yeshua haMashiah — freely, boldly and openly in public, being unhindered by anyone.
[END of TEXT]
Appendix
List o f the previous updated texts This list is to serve an editorial record keeping, but the readers may find useful when comparing the previous updates. 10/27/2013 The text affected in update: 6.3.3
• • • • • • • • • • •
‘give blessed words’ > ‘bless’ (for Gk. eulogeō) 2:38 [Footnote added on ‘immersed on the basis of the name’.] 4:33 [‘abundant grace’ > ‘great blessing’] 7:43 [‘instead put up the tent of shrine for’ > ‘took up instead the shrine of’; footnote added on ‘tent of shrine’] 7:56 [Footnote on ‘Son-of-man’ edited.] 8:16 [Footnote on ‘immersed into the name’ edited.] 10:48 [Footnote on ‘immersed in the name’ edited.] 13:33 [‘have revealed me to be father to you’ > ‘have declared to be father to you’] 13:36 [‘sons of Abraham’s offspring’ > ‘sons of the offspring of Abraham’; foonote added on] 17:29 [‘deity’ > ‘divine-being’; footnote added] 19:3 [‘into what sort of immersion rites did you get immersed’ > ‘in what manner did you receive immersion’; footnote added.]
• •
19:3 [‘into the immersion after Yohanan’s practice’ > ‘/in the manner of Yohan’s immersion’; footnote added] 19:5 [footnote edited on ‘they’ and ‘immersed into’]
10/5/2013 The text affected in update: 6.3.2 • • • • • • • • •
‘Elohim’ > ‘God’ for the Greek ‘the God’ 2:10 [Footnote edited on ‘Egypt’] 2:23 [footnote added on ‘servant’] 4:30 [Expansion [+] on ‘fastened’ – moved into footnote] 7:9ff [‘Mitsrayim’ > ‘[Pharaoh’s] Egypt’; foonote added in 7:9.] 7:25 [rephrased] 11:26 [‘Messianists’ - foonote edited] 16:17 [‘Elohim, the Most High’ > ‘the Most High God’] 26:28 [‘one of your Messianist fellas’ > ‘[what I hear] a Messianist’; foonote edited]
9/26/2013 The text affected in update: 6.3.1
• • • •
‘hour-period’ > ‘hour’ (with an ordinal number) 1:8 [‘to the far ends upon the earth’ > ‘to the outermost parts of the inhabited-land’] 2:24 [‘ropes of death’ > ‘pangs of death’; footnotes added.] 5:40 [‘speak out’ > ‘speak’]
• •
10:2, 22; 13:26 [rephrased; ‘worshiped Elohim’ > ‘Elohim-worshipper’; footnote edited] 27:40 [‘cut the anchors fee, abandoning them in th sea’ > ‘cut away the anchors, dropping them off in the water’.]
9/4/2013 The text affected in update: 6.3.0 • • • • • • • • •
‘Kefa’ > ‘Peter’ 1:14 [‘prayer and supplication’ > ‘their prayer’] 7:45 [‘Yehoshua, son of Nun’ > ‘Joshua’; footnote added] 7:55 [‘looked up and fixed his eyes intently to the heaven’ > ‘gazed to the sky’] 7:56 [footnote edited on ‘Son-of-man’] 9:14 [footnote edited on ‘name’] 20:11 [‘in fact until daybreak’ > ‘until day break, in fact’] 22:6 [‘midday’ > ‘noon’; footnote added] 26:13 [‘middle of day’ > middle of the day’; footnote added]
8/10/2013 The text affected in update: 6.2.9 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
‘BarNabba’ > ‘BarNabas’ ‘Yohanan who is also called Markus’ > ‘Yohan ~ Mark’ (footnote added) 13:11 [‘devil-like guy’ > ‘devil’s son’; footnote added] 13:13 [footnote added on ‘Paphos’ and ‘Perga] 13:13 [‘Here at Perga’ > ‘Here’] 13:13 [‘left them’ > ‘got separated himself from them’; Expansion [+] added into footnote] 13:13 [Expansion [+] on ‘Yerusalem’ – added into footnote] 13:16 [‘O men, you Israelites’ > ‘Israelites’] 13:26 [‘O men, you brethren > ‘Brethren’] 15:38 [‘consider it unwise to’ > ‘deemed unworthy to’] 15:38 [‘them to take his part in their mission work’ > ‘them on their w ork’; Expansion [+] on ‘work’ – added into footnote] 15:39 [‘disagreement over this’ > ‘argument’] 15:39 [‘parting of their ways’ > ‘getting them parted’] 28:28 [‘gift of salvation’ > ‘message of salvation’] 28:28 [‘they, yes, they’ll certainly hear it to their hearts’ > ‘it is they who will also listen to it’]
8/2/2013 The text affected in update: 6.2.8 • • • • • •
‘CE’ > ‘C.E.’; ‘Yafo’ > ‘Jobba’ 1:1 [margin note moved into footnote] 1:2 [rephrased] 1:2 [ Expansion [+]after ‘taken up’ – moved into footnote] 1:3 [ ‘having himself be seen’ > ‘appearing’] 2:43 [ footnote added on ‘breaking of the bread’]
•• • • •
3:18 [ ‘had fully announced in advanec’ > ‘had foretold’] 3:21 [ footnote added on ‘restored’] 5:37 [ footnote added on ‘registration’] 7:52 [ ‘announced in advance’ > ‘had proclaimed beforehand’] 8:32 [ ‘a shearer of its wool’ > ‘its shearer’]
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
8:33 [ footnote added on ‘earth’] 9:4, 5 [ ‘come after on me’ > ‘persecute me’; footnote added] 10:2 [ ‘offered prayer to God punctually’ > ‘was offering prayer to God continually’] 10:2 [ footnote added on ‘devout’] 10:14 [ ‘see that’ >’ ‘because’] 10:22 [ ‘Torah-observant righteous’ > ‘righteous’; -footnote added] 12:3; 20:6 [footnote added on ‘Matzah festival’] 12:3; 20:6 [footnote added on ‘Matzah festival’] 15:20, 29; 21:25 [rephrased the items listed for prohibition for the Gentile believers.] 19:2 [‘footnote added on ‘holy spirit’] 20:7 [‘day one of the lunar week’ > ‘first day of the lunar week’] 20:7 [footnote added to ‘break bread’] 20:28 [‘secured to Himself’ > ‘got for Himself’] 21:39 [‘a city by no means insignificant’ > ‘quite a major city’] 21:40; 26:14 [‘in Hebrew language’ > ‘in the language of Hebrew people’] 27:11 [footnote added on ‘shipmaster’]
6/1/2013 The text affected in update: 6.2.7 • • • • • • • •
‘shabbat’ > ‘sabbath’ 1:12 [ ‘sabbath day's walk’ > ‘sabbath day's journey’] 1:13 [footnote added on ‘upstairs room’] 5:21 [‘full assembly-of-elders’ > ‘whole council of’] 5:30; 10:39 [‘having hung up’ > ‘hanging’; footnote added.] 9:4; 22:7; 26:14 [cross-referenced for ‘voice’] 9:5b; 22:8; 26 [syntax changed to bring the emphasis on ‘me’] 9:7 [‘remained there speechless’ > ‘stood speechless’; footnote added.]
• • • • • • • • •
10:35 [‘follow what is righteous before Him’ > ‘do what is right’] 10:35 [‘pleasing to’ > ‘acceptable to’] 16:32 [‘hour-of-the-night’ - footnote added.] 16:33-34 [rephrased.] 26:12 [‘heading’ > ‘travelling’] 26:20 [rephrased] 27:33, 34 [rephrased.] 28:30 [‘in a place he got the use of for himself’ > ‘in his own rented-lodging’] 28:31 [rephrased]
5/9/2013 The text affected in update: 6.2.6 • • • •
1:1 [footnote added on ‘Theophilus’] 1:14 [‘Mariam’ > ‘Miriam’; footnote added] 8:28 [footnotes added on ‘Ethiopian ~ official’ and ‘Ethiopia’] 23:23 [‘third hour-of-the-night’ > ‘third hour tonight’; footnote added.]
4/17/2013 The text affected in update: 6.2.5 • •
‘LORD’s’ > ‘of YHWH’ 1:12 [rephrased]
• • • • •
4:10 [rephrased] 9:11 [‘at prayer’ ‘engaged in prayer’] 9:13 [footnote on ‘your name’] 9:15 [‘of mine’ > ‘to me’] 16:13 [rephrased]
3/8/2013 The text affected in this update: 6.2.4 • • • • • • • • • • •
‘Yohan’ > ‘John’ (cf. Yohanan – for the Baptizer; John – for the Gosple name) ‘Yerusalem’ > ‘Yerushalayim’; ‘SURIA’ > ‘SYRIA’ ‘priests’ > ‘Kohanim’; ‘High Priest’ > ‘Kohen haGadol’ ‘chief priests’ > ‘head Kohanim’ ‘Greek-speaking Judaic people’ > ‘Hellenists’ ‘Hellenist Jews’ 2:20 [footnotes added on ‘sun ~’ and ‘moon’] 4:34 [rephrased] 6:13; 21:28 [rephrased; footnote added on ‘holy place’] 9:2 [footnote edited on ‘the Way’] 13:26a [rephrased] 15:21 [expansion added]
12/31/2012 The text affected in update: 6.2.3
• •
• ‘repent and turn from sins’ > ‘change in one’s thinking’; • ‘C.E.’ > ‘A.D.’ [Note ‘C.E’ for the Common Era; cf. ‘B.C’ – Before the Common Era’] ‘Yohanan’ > ‘Yohan’; ‘Yeshayahu’ > ‘Isaiah’; ‘Yisrael’ > ‘Israel’ 12:24-28 [rephrased]
12/17/2012 The text affected in update: 6.2.2
• ‘Kingdom reign of God’ > ‘reign of God’s Kingdom’ • ‘brit-milah’ > ‘circumcision rite’ • ‘Yaakob’ > ‘Yacob’
1
10:2 worshiped Elohim- ░░ (FOBOUMENOS TON QEON) / “God-fearer” – JNT; /God-fearing man – NET; /God-fearing – WNT, NLT, NIV duo, BBE; /fearing Elohim – ISR; /fearing God – CLV, ALT, NWT, Diagl, Rhm; /x: feared God – Wuest, GSNT, ISV, ESV trio, NASB, HCSB, HNV, Webster, Morduck, (Etheridge), Noyes, KJV++, ASV; /x: and respected God – GW; /worshiped - God – NIrV, GNB, CEV; /worshiped the true God - ERV; /reverenced God – TCNT, Mft, PNT; /revered true God – Cass; //venerated God and treated Him with reverential obedience – AMP; /x: and had great respect for God – AUV; /live worshipfully before God – MSG (- baloney); / Those Gentiles who worship the One true God, keeping Judaic life-style; not yet made full conversion to Judaism.
