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Book 2 Political Theory Chp.1 POLITICAL THEORY 1. What is the significance of political theory? . Ho! "oes political theory allo! #s to thin$ rationally? %. Ho! "oes political theory &a$e society &ore "e&ocratic? '. What is politics? What is the significance of politics? Why politics has (eco&e a (a" !or"? ). Ho! or"inary people carry o#t politics? Ho! "oes politics help in resol*ing conflict o*er "istri(#tion of reso#rces? +. What "o !e st#"y in political theory? ,. Why "o !e nee" political theory? - Why "o !e re#ire political theory !ith chang ing ti&es?Why sho#l" !e st#"y political theory? Chp.2. FREEDOM
1./efine free"o& in ter&s of (oth its aspects. . E0plain the negati*e an" positi*e "i&ensions of free"o&. %. What are the so#rces of constraints on free"o&? '. Why "o !e nee" constraints? ). Write a short note on li(eralis&. +. E0plain the Har& Principle2 as gi*en (y 34 5ill. ,. E0plain the negati*e an" positi*e li(erty. 6. What arg#&ents are gi*en in s#pport of free"o&? 7. What is &eant (y social constraints? Are constraints of any $in" necessary for en8oying free"o&? 19. What is the role of the state in #phol"ing free"o& of its citi:ens? 11. What is &eant (y free"o& of e0pression? What in yo#r *ie! !o#l" (e a reasona(le restriction on this free"o&? ;i*e e0a&ples.
Chp.'. E<=ALITY 1. /efine the ter& E#ality2 as a political i"ea. . What !as the slogan of re*ol#tionaries "#ring >rench Re*ol#tion?
%. What "o yo# &ean (y e#ality of opport#nities? '. What is the "ifference in nat#ral an" social ine#alities? ). ;i*e any one e0a&ple of #nfair ine#ality. +. What are the three "i&ensions of E#ality? ,. What is the &eaning of entrenche" ine#alities? Why are they "angero#s for the society? 6. What "o yo# #n"erstan" (y ( y the follo!ing a@ >e&inis&
(@ 5ar0is&
c@ Li(eralis&
7. E0plain the three !ays of pro&oting pro&oting e#ality. 19. 4o&e people arg#e that ine#ality ine# ality is nat#ral !hile others &aintain that it is e#ality !hich is nat#ral an" the ine#alities !hich !e notice aro#n" #s are create" ( y society. Which *ie! "o yo# s#pport? ;i*e reasons. 11. There is a *ie! that a(sol#te econo&ic e#ality is neither possi(le nor "esira(le. It is arg#e" that the &ost a society can " o is to try an" re"#ce the gaps (et!een the richest an" poorest &e&(ers of society. /o yo# agree? 1. 5atch the follo!ing concepts !ith appropriate instances a@ Affir&ati*e Affir&ati*e action i@ E*ery a"#lt citi:en has a right to *ote (@ E#ality of opport#nity ii@ Ban$s offer higher rate of interest to senior citi:en c@ E#al Rights. iii@ E*ery chil" sho#l" get free e"#cation 1%. A go*ern&ent report on far&ers2 pro(le&s says that s&all an" &arginal far&ers cannot get goo" prices fro& the &ar$et. It reco&&en"s that the go*ern&ent sho#l" inter*ene to ens#re a (etter price price (#t only for for s&all s&all an" &arginal far&ers. Is this this reco&&en"ation consistent consistent !ith !ith the principle of e#ality? 1'. Which of the follo!ing *iolate the principles of e#a lity? An" An" !hy? a@ E*ery chil" in class !ill rea" the te0t o f the play (y t#rn. (@ The ;o*ern&ent of Cana"a enco#rage" !hite E#ropeans to &igrate to Cana"a fro& the en" of the 4econ" Worl" War till 17+9. c@ There is a separate rail!ay reser*ation co#nter for the senior citi:ens. Chp.).4OCIAL 3=4TICE 1. What is 8#stice? What "oes I&&an#el ant says a(o#t 8#stice? . /oes e#ality &ean that e*ery(o"y sho#l" (e treate" e#ally? %. What is the &eaning of e#al treat&ent for e#als? /oes the principle of consi"ering the special nee"s of people conflict !ith the principle of e#al treat&ent for all? '. What is proportionate 8#stice? ). What are the three principles of 8#stice?- Briefly "isc#ss the three principles of 8#stice? E0plain each !ith e0a&ples.
+. What is Ra!lDs theory of 8#stice? ,. What is 8#st "istri(#tion of reso#rces? 6. What is *eil of ignorance?- Ho! "oes Ra!ls #se the i"ea of a *eil of ignorance to arg#e that fair an" 8#st "istri(#tion can (e "efen"e" on rational gro#n"s? 7. What are the three principles in 3ohn Ra!ls theory? 19. What is free &ar$et? What are the the a"*antages an" "isa"*antages of free &ar$ets? &ar$ets? 11. What "oes it &ean to gi*e each person his-her "#e? Ho! has the &eaning of gi*ing each his "#eF change" o*er ti&e? 1. What are generally consi"ere" to (e the (asic &ini&#& re#ire&ents of people for li*ing a healthy an" pro"#cti*e life? What is the responsi(ility of go*ern&ents in trying to ens#re this &ini&#& to all?
Chp.+. RI;HT4
1. What are rights an" !hy are they i&portant? What are the (ases on !hich clai&s to rights
can (e &a"e? E0plain rights as a@ A 8#stifie" clai& (@ necessary for lea"ing a life life of respect an" "ignity c@ necessary for o#r !ellG(eing. %. What are h#&an rights? '. What "o yo# #n"erstan" (y ( y Bill of Rights? ). E0plain the "ifferent $in"s of rights. - /ifferentiate (et!een political econo&ic an" c#lt#ral rights. ;i*e e0a&ples of each $in" of right. +. Rights not only place o(ligations #pon # pon the state to act in a certain !ay for instance to ens#re s#staina(le "e*elop&ent (#t they also place o(ligations #pon each of #s. 3#stify the state&ent. ,. On !hat gro#n"s are so&e so &e rights consi"ere" to (e #ni*ersal in nat#re? I"entify three rights !hich yo# consi"er #ni*ersal. ;i*e reasons. 6. /isc#ss (riefly so&e of the ne! rights clai&s !hich are (eing p#t for!ar" in o#r co#ntry to"ay for e0a&ple the rights of tri(al peoples to protect their ha(itat an" !ay of life or the rights of chil"ren against (on"e" la(o#r. 7. Rights place so&e li&its on the a#thority of the state. E0plain !ith e0a&ples.
Chp.+. CITIJEK4HIP
1. Citi:enship as f#ll an" e#al &e&(ership of a political co&&#nity in*ol*es (oth rights an" o(ligations. Which rights co#l" citi:ens e0pect to en8oy in &ost "e&ocratic state to"ay? What $in" of o(ligation !ill they ha*e to their state an" fello! citi:ens? . All citi:ens &ay (e grante" e#al rights (#t all &ay not (e a(le to e#ally e0ercise the&. E0plain.
%. Write a short note on any t!o str#ggles for f#ll en8oy&ent of citi:en rights !hich ha*e ta$en place in In"ia in recent years. Which rights !ere (eing clai&e" in each case? '. What are so&e of the pro(le&s face" (y ref#gees? ref#gees? In !hat !ays co#l" the concept concept of glo(al citi:enship (enefit the&? ). 5igration of people to "ifferent regions !ithin the co#ntry is often resiste" (y the local inha(i inha(itan tants. ts. What are so&e so&e of the contri( contri(#ti #tions ons that that the &igran &igrants ts co#l" co#l" &a$e &a$e to the local local econo&y? +. /e&ocratic citi:enship is a pro8ect rather than an acco&plishe" fact e*en in co#ntries li$e In"ia !hich grant e#al citi:enshipF. /isc#ss so&e of the iss#es regar"ing citi:enship (eing raise" in In"ia to"ay. ,. What is glo(al citi:enship? 6. What is a nation state? 7 >rance is a co#ntry !hich clai&s to (e (oth sec#lar an" incl#si*e. E0plain ho!? 19 Ho! has citi:enship (een pro*i"e" (y the In"ian Constit#tion to its s#(8ects?
Chp.,. KATIOKALI45 1. What "o yo# #n"erstan" (y ( y Kationalis&? . What are the principle ass#&ptions on !hich nation states are for&e"? What are the co&&on ass#&ptions on !hich people i"entify the&sel*es as a collecti*e #nity? %. Write t!o &erits an" t!o "e&erits of nationalis&. '. E0plain !ith e0a&ples the factors that lea" to the e&ergence nationalist feelings.
Chp.6.4EC=LARI45 1. Which of the follo!ing "o yo# feel are co&pati(le !ith the i"ea of sec#laris&? ;i*e reasons. a@ A(sence of "o&ination of one religio#s gro#p (y another. (@ Recognition of a state religion. c@ E#al state s#pport to all religions.
"@ 5an"atory prayers in schools. e@ Allo!ing separate e"#cational instit#tions for any &inority co&&#nity. f@ Appoint&ent of te&ple &anage&ent (o"ies (y the go*ern&ent. g@ Inter*ention of state to ens#re entry of /alits in te&ple . What "o yo# #n"erstan" (y ( y sec#laris&? Can it (e e#ate" !ith religio#s tolerance? %. /o yo# agree !ith the follo!ing state&ents? ;i*e reasons for s#pporting or opposing any of the&. a@ 4ec#laris& "oes not allo! #s to ha*e a religio#s i"entity. (@ 4ec#lar 4ec#laris is& & is against against ine#al ine#ality ity !ithin !ithin a religi religio#s o#s gro#p gro#p or (et!een (et!een "iffer "ifferent ent religi religio#s o#s gro#ps. c@ 4ec#laris& has a !esternGChristian origin. It is not s#ita(le for In"ia. '. In"ian sec#laris& foc#ses on &ore than the religionGstate separation. E0plain. ). E0plain the Western Western &o"el of o f sec#laris&.
