comparative study between online shopping and traditional shopping

ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING Introduction to Retail Marketing What is traditional shopping? Imagine going to a store, think of your favorite store in the nearest mall to where you live. You get into the store, slowly walking from rack to rack, checking out the display, putting a dress over your body and trying to check out your reflection on one of the nearby full-view mirrors that are placed all around the store. You move on to the next display rack, and probably make another selection and do the same thing you did earlier. This is what traditional shopping is about. Having the ability to physically choose and check out what an item or product is like, would look like, and what its features are. This is why some consumers still prefer the traditional type of shopping over online shopping because for one, it allows them to meticulously check out an item. Some consumers are not quite certain with their own size, sometimes fitting a size that would normally be bigger or smaller than their actual size. So in retrospect, while online shopping has not just numerous benefits and advantages as explained by many online consumers as well as studies and surveys, there are still conventional shoppers who like to check out the product that they are interested in buying.

 A shopping mall is a building or group of buildings that contains stores. The stores are connected by walkways so that consumers can easily walk between the stores. Malls can be built in an enclosed or open-air format.  "Shopping center" redirects here. For smaller street side shopping locations, see Strip mall.  A shopping mall is a modern, chiefly North American, term for a form of shopping precinct or shopping center, in which one or more buildings form a complex of shops representing merchandisers with interconnecting walkways that enable customers to walk from unit to unit. A shopping arcade is a specific form serving the same purpose.

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING  Many early shopping arcades such the Burlington Arcade in London, the Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan, and numerous arcades in Paris are famous and still trading. However, many smaller arcades have been demolished, replaced with large centers or "malls", often accessible by vehicle. Technical innovations such as electric lighting and escalators were introduced from the late 19th century.  From the late 20th century, entertainment venues such as movie theaters and restaurants began to be added. As a single built structure, early shopping centers were often architecturally significant constructions, enabling wealthier patrons to buy goods in spaces protected from the weather.  Malls, Open air centers and hybrid centers are the three main shopping centers. Open air centers are a row of stores managed as a unit, with parking in front of the stores. The common areas are not enclosed. A hybrid centre combines two or more shopping centre types. A mall is defined by ICSC as a shopping centre which is typically enclosed, climate controlled and lighted, flanked on one or both sides by storefronts and entrances. On-site parking, either surface or structured is usually provided around the perimeter of the shopping centre.  Development of shopping areas and building types  Headquarters of the International Council of Shopping Centers in the middle skyscraper are the offices, the global trade association of the shopping center industry, in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.  One of the earliest examples of public shopping malls comes from ancient Rome, in forums where shopping markets were located. One of the earliest public shopping centers is Trajan's Market in Rome located in Trajan's Forum. Trajan's Market was probably built around 100-110 CE by Apollodorus of Damascus, and it is thought to be the world's oldest shopping center – a forerunner of today's shopping mall. The Grand Bazaar of Istanbul was built in the 15th century and is still one of the largest covered shopping centers in the world, with more than 58 streets and 4,000 shops. Numerous other covered shopping arcades, such as the [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING 19th-century Al-Hamidiyah Souq in Damascus, Syria, might also be considered as precursors to the present-day shopping mall.Isfahan's Grand Bazaar, which is largely covered, dates from the 10th century. The 10-kilometer-long, covered Tehran's Grand Bazaar also has a lengthy history. The oldest continuously occupied shopping mall in the world is likely to be the Chester Rows. Dating back at least to the 13th century, these covered walkways housed shops, with storage and accommodation for traders on various levels. Different rows specialized in different goods, such as 'Bakers Row' or 'Flesh mongers Row'.  Gostiny Dvor in St. Petersburg, which opened in 1785, may be regarded as one of the first purposely-built mall-type shopping complexes, as it consisted of more than 100 shops covering an area of over 53,000 m2 (570,000 sq ft).  The Marché des Enfant Rouges in Paris opened in 1628 and still runs today. The Oxford Covered Market in Oxford, England opened in 1774 and still runs today.  The Passage du Caire was opened in Paris in 1798. The Burlington Arcade in London was opened in 1819. The Arcade in Providence, Rhode Island introduced the retail arcade concept to the United States in 1828.The Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II in Milan, Italy followed in the 1870s and is closer to large modern malls in spaciousness. Other large cities created arcades and shopping centers in the late 19th century and early 20th century, including the Cleveland Arcade, Dayton Arcade and Moscow's GUM, which opened in 1890. Early shopping centers designed for the automobile include Market Square, Lake Forest, Illinois (1916), and Country Club Plaza, Kansas City, Missouri (1924).  An early indoor mall prototype in the United States was the Lake View Store at Morgan Park, Duluth, Minnesota, which was built in 1915 and held its grand opening on July 20, 1916. The architect was Dean and Dean from Chicago and the building contractor was George H. Lounsberry from Duluth. The building is two stories with a full basement, and shops were originally located on all three levels. All of the stores were located within the interior of the mall; some shops were accessible from the inside and out. [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING  In the mid-20th century, with the rise of the suburb and automobile culture in the United States, a new style of shopping center was created away from downtown. From early on, the design tended to be inward-facing, with malls following theories of how customers could best be enticed in a controlled environment. Similar, the concept of a mall having one or more "anchor stores" or "big box stores" was pioneered early, with individual stores or smaller-scale chain stores intended to benefit from the shoppers attracted by the big stores. Mall construction in America was encouraged by the accelerated depreciation laws of 1954, which incentivized Greenfield development on the urban fringe. A second stimulus came from legislation passed in 1960, which allowed investors to band together in REITs (Real Estate Investment Trusts) to avoid corporate income taxes. The laws helped to shape the familiar exurban landscape of malls, motels, and fast food chains. By year end 2015, the total amount of retail space per person in the United States will be 48.3 square feet. This is off from the high of 49.8 square feet set in 2009. It is projected that this figure will continue to decline through 2020.

History of mall shopping Malls may be built of steel and concrete, but sociologically, they are microcosms of American culture, reflecting, reinforcing and even helping mold core American values like what it means to be human, why we work and what it means to “live the good life." So says James J. Farrell, author of One Nation under Goods. Taking a look at malls and how they’ve changed over time provides a glimpse into how America’s mores and markers of success have evolved over the past century.

Precursors Frenchman Aristide Boucicault created the first department store, Bon Marché, in Paris in 1852. Soon, Americans followed suit and were jumping on the one-stop-shopping trend and by the 1870’s department stores like Macy's and Bloomindales’s were flourishing in the U.S. As the twentieth century progressed and Americans increasingly took to their [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING cars, many moved to the suburbs, giving rise to the strip mall. This was followed by community shopping centers and then regional shopping centers, the final precursor to the modern mall. The intersections just off highways, prospering American suburbanites, and tax policies favoring commercial development all provided a perfect breeding ground for malls.

First Malls The first modern shopping mall is generally credited to be Southdale Shopping Center, which opened in Edina, Minnesota in 1956. Designed by Victor Gruen, it was the first venue to provide a fully enclosed, two-level, climate-controlled shopping experience that included competing department stores to anchor specialty shops. Such “anchor” stores would become a central foundation of flourishing malls. Other innovations of America’s first mall included a central interior courtyard and separation of car and pedestrian movement. Early mall developers such as Gruen and James Rouse also wanted to encourage civic engagement and so included things like public art and spaces for community activities.

Suburban and Urban With large department stores anchoring a seductive collection of specialty shops, parking lots on both levels, good security, harmonized architectural design, and pleasant background Muzak, malls were comforting, convenient, centralized shopping centers that projected an air of fun and modernity. By the early 1950’s malls were drawing in more retail sales than metropolitan downtowns, and by 1976 accounted for 78 percent of department store receipts. The suffering downtowns responded by developing their own spin on malls by creating the festival marketplace, which renovated historic industrial buildings and shops to create commercial space including restaurants, specialty retail and recreation, and also by inventing the vertical mall, which set malls into skyscrapers.

Malls in Decline

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING There are about 1,000 enclosed malls left in America. Now viewed by many as “historical anachronisms” -- as one prominent real estate developer put it -- many of these malls are suffering. Not one, new enclosed mall has opened in the U.S. since 2006. Many developers and retail analysts predict the mall will soon become extinct unless malls modify their shopping experience to align with the times. Many big retailers have fled malls or gone out of business. Forces contributing to the traditional mall’s decline include the rise of online shopping and a newfound preference for Main Street, bricks-and-mortar shopping that provides face-to-face, social interaction between retailers and consumer.

Malls Reinventing To keep up with the times, malls are doing things like redesigning themselves to look more akin to downtown squares -- adding dog parks, street-grid layouts, restoring pavedover creeks and providing street-accessible shops. They are also employing such strategies as enhancing technology, increasing their social media marketing, and booking a wide array of events such as celebrity appearances, book signings, and fashion shows. As one retail strategist put it, Americans are no longer interested in simply shopping at "buildings with stuff"; they want an experience that combines social gathering, entertainment

and

shopping

with

a

pleasant,

Largest shopping malls

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aesthetic

environment.

ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING The former camp snoopy amusement park before it was nickelodeon universe at the center of the mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota, the largest shopping mall in the United States The largest mall in the world is the New South China Mall in Dongguan, China with a gross floor area of 892,000 m2 (9,600,000 sq ft). The world's second-largest shopping mall is the Golden Resources Mall in Beijing, China with a gross floor area of 680,000 m2 (7,300,000 sq ft). SM Megamall in the Philippines, is the world's third-largest at 542,980 m2 (5,844,600 sq ft) of gross floor area. The fourth largest shopping mall in the world is SM City North EDSA in Quezon City, Philippines with a gross floor area of 504,900 m2 (5,435,000 sq ft) and the fifth largest shopping mall is 1 Utama in Malaysia at 465,000 m2 (5,010,000 sq ft) of gross floor area. Introduction of online shopping The increase in technology provides good opportunities to the seller to reach the customer in much faster, easier and in economic way. Online shopping is emerging very fast in recent years. Now a day the internet holds the attention of retail market. Millions and millions of people shop online. On the other hand the purchasing of product from traditional market is continuing since years. Many customers go for purchasing offline so as to examine the product and hold the possession of the product just after the payment for the product. In this contemporary world customer’s loyalty depends upon the consistent ability to deliver quality, value and satisfaction. Some go for offline shopping, some for online and many go for both kind of shopping. The focus of the study is on the consumer’s choice to shop on internet and at the traditional stores at the information gaining period. However online shopping is easier for the people and less price than the offline shopping. While making any purchase decision consumer should know the medium to purchase whether online shopping or the offline shopping. Consumer should decide the channel for them which can best suit to their need and wants and which can satisfy them. In this competitive world how consumer can decide the particular medium for their purchase of goods is very important to understand in a managerial point of view. (Laing and Lai, 2000) said that the internet shopping is the third best and most popular activity over internet after online shopping next comes the e-mail using, instant [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING messaging and web browsing. These are even more important than watching or getting entertain by the internet or getting any information or news, this are the two very common thought which comes to the people’s mind when considering the internet users do when they are online. The behavior of online shopping is also known as online buying behavior and internet shopping. Buying behavior means the purchase of good over internet using web browser. Online shopping also consist the same five steps which is related to traditional shopping behavior. (Chiang and Dholskia, 2003; Lynch, Kent, and Srinivasan 2001) they said that in the typical way of online shopping when the consumer need some product or service they go through the internet and browse or search the things they need and their 3 information. But rather than searching actively, many a times potential consumers are attracted by the information about the product they want. They see many products online and choose the best one which suits him/her. Then they purchase that product and finally the transaction takes place and post sales service provided by the online sites. Online shopping attitude and behavior are related to the consumer. Previous studied have focused on why the products of the online shopping is different from other products. Many studies have focused that the high touch products that the consumer feels when they need to touch, smell or try the product. It requires the offline shopping at the purchasing stage because it cannot be done in the online shopping. Even with the increase in the online shopping and the recognition that online shopping is more likely to impose the pressure on offline shopping or traditional shopping. The research is very limited in this area or field. Online or e-shopping is a kind of electronic shopping which allow the consumer to purchase goods over the internet directly from the seller using a web browser. There are some alternative names of online shopping those are as follow- e-web store, e-shop, e-store, internet shop, web-shop, web-store, online store, online store front and virtual store. Mobile commerce or m-commerce is described as purchasing from the online retailer by the mobile optimized online sites or application (app). (Aldrich Archive, 1982) online shopping is invented by an English entrepreneur Michael Aldrich in 1979. (Palmer& Kimberly, 2007) Tim Berners Lee is the one who created the first World Wide Web server in 1990. It was opened for a commercial purpose. There after many technological innovation emerged in 1994 like the online banking, the [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING opening of online pizza shop by Pizza Hut, Netscape SSL v2 encryption standard for secure data transfer, and Intershop’s first online shopping system. In 1994 the first secure transaction was over the web either by Net market or Internet shopping. Amazon was launched in 1995, it is the first online shopping site of the world and after that eBay was introduced in 1995.Today many countries are doing online shopping but still some countries are at the starting point of the experiment of online shopping. In 1987, the merchant account was launched that helped the software developers to sell their software online easily. Swreg was the name of first software and the oldest software that is still available. Future shop is a book for how new technology will change the way of shopping and what the customer buy. It was published in the year 1992. The book consists of the topic like what will happen in the future date of e-commerce and how the internet will take place in the society. 1994 is the mouth of year of online commerce and Yahoo is launched in this year. In 1995 approx. 12000 domain names were registered in the internet. In 1998 Google entered the world of e-commerce and yahoo 4 launched yahoo store online. The customer of online shopping should have internet and a valid method of payment in order to purchase the products from the internet. Amazon, Myntra, flipkart are some of the examples of the successful online shopping sites that use less price of the items and large stocks to attract the consumer. In general the population from high level of income and high level of learning are more favorable to do online shopping. The populations who are more knowledgeable and more explored to the internet are more into online shopping. The increase in technology increases the online shopping by the consumer. The increase in technology creates a favorable attitude towards the consumer for online shopping. An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-mortar retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the process is called business-tobusiness (B2B) online shopping. The largest of these online retailing corporations are Alibaba, Amazon.com, and eBay.

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING

 The first World Wide Web server and browser, created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990, opened for commercial use in 1991. Thereafter, subsequent technological innovations emerged in 1994: online banking, the opening of an online pizza shop by Pizza Hut, Netscape's SSL v2 encryption standard for secure data transfer, and Intershop's first online shopping system. The first secure retail transaction over the Web was either by Net Market or Internet Shopping Network in 1994.Immediately after, Amazon.com launched its online shopping site in 1995 and eBay was also introduced in 1995.Alibaba's sites Taobao and Tmall were launched in 2003 and 2008, respectively. Retailers are increasingly selling goods and services prior to availability through "retail" for testing, building, and managing demand.

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING PROCESS OF ONLINE SHOPPING A consumer uses web browser to connect to the home page of a merchant’s web site on the internet.

PAYMENT GATEWAY

METHODS OF PAYMENT Online shoppers commonly use a credit card or a PayPal account in order to make payments. However, some systems enable users to create accounts and pay by alternative means, such as [Type text]

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 Credit card  Debit card  Payment websites  PayPal  Wire Transfer  Electronic money of various types  Purchase order  Checks and Money order  Mobile Payments  Bank Transfer  Cash On Delivery (COD) Some online shops will not accept international credit cards. Some require both the purchaser's billing and shipping address to be in the same country as the online shop's base of operation. Other online shops allow customers from any country to send gifts anywhere. The financial part of a transaction may be processed in real time (e.g. letting the consumer know their credit card was declined before they log off), or may be done later as part of the fulfilment process.

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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE  Research dealing with shopping malls’ and / or hypermarkets’ attributes, especially in the Indian context, is very less in number. Not many studies have empirically analyzed the influence of an assortment of attributes on buying behavior in shopping arcades and malls and customers’ shopping experiences. Mostly the researches undertaken so far have been taken from the foreign experiences, as they have come of age in the US, UK and European markets. An earnest attempt has been made to delve into the relevant researches done on the theme, presented henceforth as follows:  Brunner and Mason (1968) investigated the importance of driving time upon the preferences of consumers towards regional shopping centers. They expressed that although it is recognized that population, purchasing power, population density, newspaper circulation, and other factors are influential in determining the shopping habits of consumers, a factor which is generally overlooked is the driving time required to reach the center. In this study, it was established that the driving time Required to reach a center is highly influential in determining consumer shopping Center preferences. The most consistent and significant driving time dimension in Delineating shopping center trade areas was found at the 15-minute driving points, as Three-fourths of each center’s shoppers resided within this range.  Huff (1964 and 1966) concluded that the comparative size of the centers and the convenience of access were the primary characteristics that consumers sought when choosing a shopping center to visit.

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING  Jackson, Stole and Brantley (2011) in their paper expressed that the customer segments seek out relevant shopping venues based on their shopping wants an needs. Knowledge of the preferences of distinct consumer groups is useful in the development of marketing communications and promotional strategies, as well as for designing mall configurations that are likely to generate patronage and repatronage due to the value creating potential of the mall. Advertising materials could express the specific attributes the mall has to offer to the cohorts comprising its customer base, either by gender, generation, or both. When a retailer or mall owner finds that a large segment of its consumers are from particular segments (e.g. generation, gender), the company can focus on segment relevant ways to facilitate and promote a shopping experience that will drive shopping value and create potential for repatronage.

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Review of literature of online shopping In the literature review, many authors have done their research on the customer's perceived risk when shopping in the internet. There is few articles available which compares the factors contributing the intention to purchase in online and offline shopping for apparels. This study will discuss more on the factors that will contribute to the consumer's purchasing intention for apparels which comprises of price attractiveness, time saving, perceived risk, enjoyment and excitement, tangibility and high interactivity.

Price attractiveness Price is a form of monetary that people use for any transactions. It is predicted that price of a product differs in online and offline shopping. According to Xia and Monroe (2009), consumers will save in monetary when there are price promotions on specific products. In an online context, consumers are more likely to depend on the price cues to determine the quality of a product which are presented in the web site because they cannot see or touch the actual product (Jiang and Rosenbloom, 2005). The study of So, Wong and Sculli (2005) resulted that when there is the presence of promotional offers, consumers will have higher intention to purchase in web-shopping; purchasing decisions and choice making from alternative evaluations can be made easily when there is the presence of promotional offers.

Time saving Time is also perceived as one of a factor that relates with intention to purchase in a shopping context. It is believed that consumers have their own perception of time, whether or not to shop from the internet. According to Hansen and Jensen (2009), accomplishing the shopping trip as soon as possible refers to the time-saving oriented consumers and they prefer store choices favoring quick shopping; people who dislike

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING shopping and approaching for time saving retail stores refers to the economic shoppers or known as "problem-solvers".

Review of literature of Retails/Shopping Malls In their paper “Driving factors and effectiveness of sales promotion in shopping malls:” a consumer perspective: (April2010) investigated the factors driving customers towards shopping malls and popular consumer promotional tools which influence buying behaviour of the customers and Concluded that in spite of the challenges, sales promotions act as a weapon for marketing the Products and services.

Tangibility Regardless of online shopping or offline shopping, tangibility is expected to be a factor that consumers will consider during the purchasing process. Tangibility products including shoes and clothes; although it is considered as standardized products, consumers need to feel it and touch it to make their purchasing decisions (Rajamma, Paswan and Ganesh, 2007). Consumers are particular about the tangibility of a product is because they need the security and assurance of the product purchased is in a good condition and assurance of purchasing the right thing.

High Interactivity Interactivity is defined as the degree to which two or more communication parties can act on each other, on the communication medium, and on the messages and the degree to which such influences are synchronized (Liu and Shrum, 2002, p.54). According to McMillan and Hwang (2002), interactivity is defined as direction of communications, user control and time. Interactivity can be applied in online and offline shopping. The terms of interactivity in an online context is based on the detailed information given, easy-to-read or descriptive information is available (Park and Stoel, 2005) and also the degree of communication between the buyer and the seller. In an offline context,

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING interactivity will be based on the atmosphere of the shopping mall and also the interaction between the consumer and the shop's promoter.

Store type (Moderating variable) In this study, store type is divided into two, which is online store and offline store. Online stores are stores that sells product but through a virtual medium; offline shopping is also known as bricks and mortar that sells product and has a face-to-face communication between the buyer and seller. Bricks and mortar outlets are known as more tangible to the consumers because it has a physical location which is a building that everyone can visit and have all the attached sensory cues.

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CHAPTER -3 PLAN OF STUDY Introduction This chapter mainly describes the qualitative practice to be used to provide data to examine the issues acknowledged and extend the understanding of consumer value creation in the framework of what and why consumers purchase online. Tentative and descriptive research can provide the multiple outlooks necessary to obtain multiple approvals of online, offline and channel switching behavior during the buying decision process. This typically involves sampling the population, surveying them and using inferential statistics to analyze the responses. The focus of the analysis is to expect the determining factors influencing, in this case, what and why consumers purchase online and offline as well, why they switch from one way to another. The data gathered during the depth interviews were used to identify common questions concerning consumer behavior as it relates to the pure online and offline buying process as well as channel switching from one trade channel to another during the buying choice process. Deepness of the interviews and concentration groups provide an efficient means of spreading and emerging theoretical concepts to improve the ultimate research design. And are used in this research to better appreciate what and why consumers use the Internet to shop and in specific why they choose one channel over another in general. Below defines how this qualitative phase of the research is directed and classifies which of the research objectives each activity supports for both the depth interviews. Research According to Robert Ross, “Research is essentially an investigation, a recording and analysis of evidence for the purpose of gaining knowledge. The goal of research is to [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING discover new facts, establishment of new relationship, creation of new concepts, and verification of existing concepts, finding a solution to a problem or satisfying one’s desire to know.

Research design Research Design is the conceptual structure with in which research is conducted. It constitutes the blueprint for the collection of measurement and analysis of data. It is the method of finding solution to a problem and adding a new knowledge to the existing body of knowledge. Title of the study A study on different aspects of Online Shopping versus Mall Shopping

Objectives of the study 

To obtain familiarity of the study.



To determine the characteristics of sample taken from the whole population.



To establish new research to contribute to program planning and evolution.

Scope of the study 

To analyze whether online shopping is more convenient way of shopping or mall shopping is considered convenient.



The study would be based upon the primary data that will be collected through the means of questionnaire by the direct approach.

Research Methodology

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING Research methodology explains the overarching theoretical and philosophical frameworks which guide the researcher. It aims at the employment of the correct procedures to find out solutions.

Sampling 

It is the subject on which measurement is taken from the whole population. It is the unit of study. A part of the population is known as sample. The process of drawing a sample from the larger population is called as sampling.

Type of Research It is a comparative research. It is require to find out the difference between the online shopping and offline shopping.

Data Collection Data collection is of two types. They are:  Primary data collection: the data collected by observation, personal interview, telephone interview, by mailing questionnaires and survey.  Secondary data collection: The data collected by obtaining from existing records, publications, journals, magazines, etc.

Plan of analysis

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING  There are four division of age group in the questionnaire to examine which group is going for more online shopping and which group is going for more offline shopping or mall shopping.

CHAPTER IV

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS 1. Age groups of samplings. Particular Below 20 20-30 30-40 40-50

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Percent 35% 35% 26% 4%

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Age groups 35.00% 35.00%

35.00%

30.00% 26.00%

25.00% 20.00% 15.00% 10.00% 5.00%

4.00%

0.00% beow 20

20-30

30-40

40-50

Interpretation-: The above graph tells the Age group of samplings that have been collected during the survey.

2. Division of gender in samplings. Particular Male Female

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Percent 54% 36%

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Method Of Shopping 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 62.00%

30.00% 20.00%

38.00%

10.00% 0.00% male

female

Interpretation-; The above chart is shown the number of male samplings i.e. 62% and rest 38% are female samplings

3. Type of shopping preferred Particular Online Shopping Retail Marketing

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Percent 58% 42%

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Method Of Shopping

100% 90% 80% 70%

58.00%

60%

42.00%

50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Online

Mall

Interpretation-: The above graph shows what shopping methods do people prefer between online shopping and retail or mall shopping, there are some people who prefer both the method. The data is based upon the survey which I took thorough questioner in Orion mall. 58% of people like online shopping and 42% of people like offline.

4. Frequency of visiting shopping malls Particular Very Often Often Rarely No [Type text]

Percent 35% 35% 26% 4% Page 24


People Preception Of Visiting Mall Very Often

4% 26%

35%

Often Rarely NO

35%

Interpretation-: The above pie chart shows how often people like to visit malls. As green and blue color shows 35% of people like to go very often and rarely, and 35 % of people like to go often where as no one like not to visit malls.

5. Opinion regarding Usage of online shopping Particular Yes NO

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Percent 73% 27%

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Have You Ever Used Online Shopping 80.00% 70.00% 60.00% Have You Ever Used Online Shopping

50.00% 40.00% 30.00% 20.00% 10.00% 0.00%

Yes

NO

Interpretation-: This chart shows the percentage of people who had made online shopping. In the pie chart we can see 73% of people had mad online shopping where as 27% of people didn’t. These 27% of people are shown as nil if further online shopping related question.

6. People usually like to visit shopping mall on. Particular Weeks Days Weekends Holidays Occasionally [Type text]

Percent 19% 35% 36% 10% Page 26


When People Visit Mall 40.00%

35.00%

35.00%

36.00%

30.00% 25.00% 20.00%

19.00%

15.00% 10.00%

10.00%

5.00% 0.00% Weeks Days

Weekends

Holidays

Occasionally

Interpretation-: This chart shows when people like most to visit malls. The percentage of people visit to mall is higher in holidays by 36% whereas 45% people like to go occasionally and on weekends. Remaining 19% like to visit on weeks days.

7. People thinking about advertisements as good source of information regarding shopping malls

Particular Yes No

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Percent 64% 36%

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36% Yes NO 64%

Interpretation-: This graph shows people thinking about advertisements as good source of information regarding shopping malls. 64% of people are agree with the sentence where as 36%are won't.

8. People mostly like to visit online shopping on Particular Weekly Monthly Occasionally None

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Percent 20% 42% 26% 12%

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How Often Do You Have Online Shopping 12%

None

26%

Occasionally

42%

Monthly

20%

Weekly 0%

5%

10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45%

Interpretation-: This chart shows when people like most to visit online shopping . The percentage of people visit to mall is higher on monthly bases 42% whereas 26% people like to shop occasionally and 20% on weekly bases. Remaining 12% of them don’t shop online.

9. The expenditure of individual per month in shopping mall. Particular 100-500 500-1000 1001-2000 5000

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Percent 24% 22% 40% 14.%

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How Much Do You Usually Spend in Shopping Mall Per Mont 5000

14.00%

1001-2000 40.00% 500-1000 22.00% 100-500 24.00% 0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

35%

40%

Interpretation-: The above chart tells the expenditure of individual per month in shopping mall 24% of them spend 100-500, 22% of sampling spend 500-1000, major i.e. 40% of samples spend 1001-2000 and 14% of samples spend 5000.

10. Ratings given by sampling to the employee behavior in shopping malls out of 5 Particular 1 2 3 4 5

[Type text]

Percent 2% 10% 28% 34% 26%

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50%

5%

15%

40%

25%

15%

1

2

3

4

5

40% 30% 20% 10% 0%

Interpretation-: When it comes to employee rating at mall, 40% of people had rate them the highest 3 where as 25% of people had rate them 4 and 15% of people had given 5. We can also see the 5% people had rated 1 and 15% had rated 2.

11. Rate of experience give on shopping online out of 5. Particular 1 2 3 4 5

[Type text]

Percent 8% 6% 18% 36% 32%

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING 40% 35% 30% 25% 20% 15%

36%

10%

32%

5%

8%

0% 1

18% 6% 2

3

4

5

Interpretation-: When it’s come to rating for online shopping experience , 36% of people had rate them the highest is 4, where as 32% of people had rate 5 and 18% of people had given 3. We can also see the 8% people had rated 1 and 6% had rated 2.

12. Availability of new style and designs in Particular Shopping mall Online shopping Street shopping

[Type text]

Percent 30% 66% 4%

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Products Of New Style And Designs Are Available At Shoppin

4% 30%

shopping mall online shopping street shopping

66%

Interpretation-: The above pie chart show the people believe about the product of new style and designs and there availability at online shopping. As we can see 66% people thought online shopping and 30% Retail shopping.

13. Percentage of people shopping daily use products from shopping malls Particular Yes No

[Type text]

Percent 30% 70%

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Do You Purchase Daily Use Products

30% Yes No 70%

Interpretation-: Above chart shows that 70% of people don’t purchase daily use product from mall where as 30% do.

14. People perception on difference between shopping mall & general store Particular Yes NO

[Type text]

Percent 80% 20%

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Do You Feel Difference Between Mall And General Store

20% Yes No

80%

Interpretation-: In the above pie chart it is shown that what people really think about the difference between shopping malls and general store. 80% of people believe yes there is a difference where as 20% of people doesn’t think so.

15. Consumers perception on quality of product are available in malls Particular Yes NO

[Type text]

Percent 40% 60%

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ighly Priced And Superior Quality Products Are Only Available

40%

Yes NO

60%

Interpretation-: In the above pie chart it is shown that what people really think about the high price and good quality product availability in malls and other shop. 60% of people believe yes where as 40% of people don’t think so.

16. Expenditure on online shopping per month Particular 100-500 500-1000 1001-2000 5000 [Type text]

Percent 24% 22% 29% 25% Page 36


Expenditure per month online shopping 5000 25.00% 1001-2000 29.00% 500-1000 22.00% 100-500 0%

24.00% 5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

Interpretation-: The above chart tells the expenditure of individual per month in shopping mall 24% of them spend 100-500, 22% of sampling spend 500-1000, major i.e. 29% of samples spend 1001-2000 and 25% of samples spend 5000.

17. People recommend others to use online shopping. Particular Yes NO

[Type text]

Percent 85% 15%

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Do You Recommend Others To Use Online Shopping 15%

Yes No 85%

Interpretation-: Above chart shows that 85% of people recommend others to use online shopping where as 15% doesn’t support for online shopping.

18. Which mall do you prefer the most for shopping? Particular Orion Mantri Garuda [Type text]

Percent 40% 28% 10% Page 38

ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING Forum Other

15% 7%

People visits Mall 7% 15% 40% 10%

28%

Interpretation-: Above chart shows that 40% of people visit Orion mall, 28% of them go to Mantri mall , 10% of them go to Garuda mall , and rest of them i.e. 7% of them visit other malls

19. Which is the most commonly used website for shopping? Particular Flip kart Amazon Myntra Jabong Yepme [Type text]

Percent 30% 36% 20% 10% 4% Page 39


Commonly Used Website 10%

4% 30%

20%

36%

Interpretation-: Above chart shows number of people commonly used shopping website , 36% of samples shop on Amazon ,30% of them use Flipkart , 20% of them shop on Myntra , 10% of them Jabong and rest use 4% on Yepme .

20. The frequency of traditional shopping has been reduced due to online shopping Particular Yes NO

[Type text]

Percent 62.5% 37.5%

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING 70.00% 60.00% 50.00% 40.00% 30.00%

62.50%

20.00%

37.50%

10.00% 0.00% Yes

NO

Interpretation-: The frequency of traditional shopping has been reduced due to online shopping 62.50% samples believe it’s true and rest 37.50% don’t believe.

Retail v/s Online Author's Calculation Preference of the product with same price both in shop and on internet

[Type text]

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31% Internet

69%

Shop

This Study shows that if the product has same price both in the market shop and internet then , nearly 68.7% of population prefers buying the product over the internet as it saves time and transportation cost added while buying the product. But, in case of shop only 31.3% prefers may be due lack of technological resources to do the purchase .Moreover, it gives the customer a sense of inspecting the product buying. Does online shopping is as secure as traditional shopping?

50% 40% 30% 20%

40.00%

10%

17.30%

42.70%

Sales

0% Yes No Sometimes

The Graph clearly shows what customers think about online shopping, with 42.70% sometime think its secure sometime it is not as compared to traditional shopping.40% customer think online shopping is as secure as traditional shopping, while 17.30 % believe it is not secure. [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING Type of advertisement mostly attracts  Retail

Discountsn Ads Sale Ads Festivel Ads Other

There are various reasons why people are attracted to shop offline- most prominent reasons are discounts ads, sales ads, festive ads and other miscellaneous ads attracts customers to shop offline. India where festivals are regarded as most auspicious moments, ads play important role in promoting offline shopping. festive ads plays the major role with 38% in attracting the customers to go for offline shopping, followed by sales ads with 36% this type of ads are great events to attract customers by showing ads to customers about sales for a limited period of time. The discount ads which covers up 23 % comes next to sales ads in

attracting customer for offline shopping, While

remaining 3% are other miscellaneous ads such as off season etc. Also somewhat attracts people. Online

[Type text]

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6% 39%

28% 27%

Discount Ads Sale Ads Festivel Ads Other

Advertisement plays a major role for making a site a brand in the market. Moreover, advertisement attracts its customer towards them to make income. The type of advertisement that attracts the customer towards them is discount ads which are 39.3%, which give the customer a reason to buy their products at reasonable prices. Also the sales ads bring more customers nearly 26.7% of total customer gets attracted to it. The festive season is the time duration during which major of the population do their shopping is 28% and if ads related to it is published then it brings more customer to them.

CHAPTER V [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION Findings on online shopping Among the top findings of the survey, as put forth by Online Shopping, are the following:  Convenience was listed as the top reason for shopping online by 74% of the respondents, and at the same level were purchase goods in online. This is good news for e-tailers, as the value proposition for online shopping is clear in the minds of shoppers.  27% of our respondents said they aren’t purchase of their goods online. We believe this bodes well for e-tailers as online shopping is gaining acceptance.  95% of respondents look for products information and service information before purchasing. Conclusion on online shopping  After having detail study on Online Shopping one can see a great change in the behaviour of people in many manners like their attitude, buying pattern. In earlier times people use to do manual shopping but now as time changed people are becoming busy and due to which technology has brought a new revolution i.e. Online Shopping.  As we started doing survey it came to in notice that young age group people i.e. 15-30 uses or prefer online shopping because it is time and energy saving. But middle-age group does not prefer much because they have wrong perception that by seeing the product one can get the goods of proper quality. And even some people does not prefer using plastic money i.e. credit cards.  In 95% of the purchases, the terms and conditions were available before entering into a purchase process, but the legal requirement to inform about the cooling-off period was only met in 82% of the purchases. This means that in 18% of the purchases, the Mystery Shopper was not informed about the legal right to [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING withdraw from the contract. This is a rather disturbing result. However, it was worse to discover that the websites contained information about the legal warranty and the rights connected to it in only 37% of the purchases. Furthermore the information given about these rights was only correct in 80% of the cases.  In only 68% of the purchases did the trader provide information to consumers on the process of completing the purchase. The figure is higher when it comes to providing the consumers with the possibility to review the details of the order before placing it. This possibility was provided for in 89% of the purchases. The obligation to provide this information follows from the E-commerce Directive. Findings on shopping mall  45% of respondents look for not to waste of their time.  Reason for shopping mall by 44% of the respondents, and at the same level was purchase goods in online. This is good news for e-tailers, as the value proposition for online shopping is clear in the minds of shoppers.  56% of our respondents said they were purchase of their goods in shopping malls. We believe this bodes well for as shopping is gaining acceptance.  55% of respondents look for product checking and service information before purchasing. Conclusion on shopping mall  The share of modern retail market in India was around 5% in 2008 is very low compared to countries in the west, where the share of modern retail to the total retail is 75-80 percent. Therefore there is tremendous potential for the modern retail formats like malls to grow in India. Mall boom in India started in 2003 and continues to thrive after a setback in 2008-09 because of recession. There are malls which are doing well including those established in the formative years like Ansal Plaza, Delhi. However malls which jumped into the fray without any planning and strategy are having troubles with low footfalls and low retailer [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING occupancy. This research was conducted with the intention to help developers in a capital intensive sector to avoid the mistakes of the past and benefit from being a part of the booming retail sector.  One of the important conclusions is that there is a lack of clarity amongst mall developers regarding positioning and image. As shown in the table 8, the focus is on image which is a combination of functional and psychological attributes of the mall [117]. Hence there is an attempt to provide aesthetic design, range of retail outlets, good ambience, good security and so on. All these are important functions of mall development and mall management. However apart from focussing on the above, there is no effort to develop a positioning strategy which is critical for the success of a mall. Without a positioning strategy, all the malls are similar to each other. Hence, it can be reasoned that, such lack of differentiation is the reason behind increasing retailer vacancy levels and reduced shopper footfall.  Another important conclusion from the study is that positioning constructs, convenience, shopping experience, entertainment, property management and ambience have a positive influence on shopper satisfaction. Convenience has the highest impact on the mall, followed by shopping experience. The least positive influence is caused by the positioning construct ambience, perhaps because it is taken for granted as all the malls are able to provide good ambience. It could not be proved in the study that promotions positively influence shopper satisfaction.

CHAPTER-VI [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS Recommendation on online shopping  They should provide complete information about their products and should make site simple so that common people can understand how to make purchase - As in online one purchase goods through credit cards but one can use the approach of cash payment during delivery - One can use more animation through which they can attract more customers - One can use the approach of credit points i.e. if one purchase for the first time they get credit points due to which if they purchase for the second time they can get discount of that much points. Due to which one increase the repurchase. Suggestions on online shopping       

Security for consumer’s personal details. More details about the latest products and service information Web site design can easy to understand for consumer. No minimum purchase for free Shipping. Decrease the shipping misplacement. More offers for consumers. Delivery of goods has to deliver within 36 hours.

Recommendation on shopping mall  One can use more animation through which they can attract more customers.  They should provide complete information about their products and should make mall simple so that common people can understand how to make purchase.  As in shopping mall purchase of goods through credit cards but one can use the approach of cash payment during delivery  One can use the approach of credit points i.e. if one purchase for the first time they get credit points due to which if they purchase for the second time they can get discount of that much points. Due to which one increase the repurchase.

[Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING Suggestions on shopping mall     

More products and services information for consumers. Free parking for consumers vehicles. Events for festivals. Proper emergency exit for people. Lotteries for who comes to shopping mall regularly.

CHAPTER-7 LEARNING OUTCOME By this internship project I have learnt and gain knowledge about the way that the people think and also what type services they like and more. In this particular project that is [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING online shopping versus mall shopping, I came to the conclusion that most of the people prefer online shopping, because it consumes less time and the people have provided with lots of variety of goods and services and also different brands in same products. But the people also like to visit malls for window shopping, entertainment, to eat, drink and other stuff like that. Most of the people visit malls to hangout with friends and families and also they like to play games and watch movies in malls. In the view of shopping the majority of people prefer online shopping because the people are like upgrade themselves in using technology, and use the benefits they get. And remaining people prefer mall shopping because they can’t touch or trail the product before they buy it and also they care about quality of product before they buy it. The majority of people who use online shopping are youth, because they don’t like to go to malls and spend the time in trailing the product before they buy. But in online shopping they read or look at the reviews and ratings which had given by experts or the users of the product and then they decide to buy that particular product.

Bibliography http://www.ijcsmc.com/docs/papers/June2013/V2I6201328.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_shopping https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopping_mall [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING http://www.wsj.com/articles/survey-shows-rapid-growth-in-online-shopping-1465358582 http://www.shoppingnavigator.co.uk/benefits-of-online-shopping.php http://www.differencebetween.net/business/product-services/differences-between-onlineand-traditional-shopping/    

Wikipedia Slide share Shodhganga Google

Annexure 1. What method of shopping do you prefer? Online shopping

Mall shopping

2. Do you visit shopping malls?

[Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING Very often

often

rarely

No

3. Have you ever used online shopping? Yes

No

4. When do you prefer going to shopping malls? Week days

weekends

holidays

occasionally

5. How often do you have online shopping? Weekly

monthly

occasionally

6. How much do you normally spend in shopping malls in a single shopping? Less than 500

between 500-1000

between 1001-2000

more than 5000

7. Do you consider advertisements as source of information regarding shopping malls? Yes

No

8. How would you rate your experience in shopping malls out of 5? 1

2

3

4

5

9. How would you rate your experience shopping online out of 5? 1

2

3

4

5

10. Where do you think products of new style and designs are available at? Shopping malls

online shopping

Street shopping

11. Do you purchase daily use products from shopping malls only? Yes

No

12. Do you feel any type of difference between shopping mall and general store? Yes

No

[Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING 13. Do you think highly priced and superior quality products are only available at shopping malls? Yes

No

14. How much do you usually spend on online shopping per month? Rs.100-1000

Rs.1001-5000

Rs. more than 5000

15. Do you recommend others to use online shopping? Yes

No

16. Which mall do you prefer the most for shopping? Orion

Mantri

Garuda

Forum

Others

17. Which is the most commonly used website for shopping? Flipkart

Amazon

Myntra

jabong

yepme

18. Have you reduced the frequency of traditional / mall shopping due to online shopping? Yes

No

19. What are the most common products you purchase through online? Gadgets

accessories

daily products

other goods

20. What would be your best payment method if you buy online? COD

[Type text]

Cheque

Debit/credit card

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.

There are various reasons why people are attracted to shop offline- most prominent reasons are discounts ads, sales ads, festive ads and other miscellaneous ads attracts customers to shop offline. India where festivals are regarded as most auspicious moments, ads play important role in promoting offline shopping. festive ads plays the major role with 38% in attracting the customers to go for offline shopping, followed by sales ads with 36% this type of ads are great events to attract customers by showing ads to customers about sales for a limited period of time. The discount ads which covers up 23 % comes next to sales ads in attracting customer for offline shopping, While remaining 3% are other miscellaneous ads such as off season etc. Also somewhat attracts people. Online

[Type text]

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6% 39%

28%

Discount Ads Sale Ads Festivel Ads Other

27%

Advertisement plays a major role for making a site a brand in the market. Moreover, advertisement attracts its customer towards them to make income. The type of advertisement that attracts the customer towards them is discount ads which are 39.3%, which give the customer a reason to buy their products at reasonable prices. Also the sales ads bring more customers nearly 26.7% of total customer gets attracted to it. The festive season is the time duration during which major of the population do their shopping is 28% and if ads related to it is published then it brings more customer to them.

CHAPTER V FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION Factors Affecting Online Shopping

[Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING  Online shopping becomes relevant in the last decade. The kind of business online retailer are doing is proof enough that they are providing some benefits to customer which offline shopping does not give to the customer. These are the factors affecting online shopping:

Risk  When customer buy products from online shopping they do not touch or feel the product in a physical sense .Hence we understand that lot of risk is involve while buying an online product whether it will reach us on proper time or not is also a concern and also there may arise a risk of product size and color as it may differ in real view or sense. Sometimes the product ordered is kind of damaged.

Convenience  Online shopping is much more convenient than offline shopping. Instead of taking out your vehicle and visit shop to shop you can just sit at your home and do the shopping. It is convenient to sit at one place and shop the product of our choice without moving from place to place. Once you have decided on what you want to buy the payment process is seamless and the order is delivered to your place. Online shopping makes things more convenient. We can have a lot of choice over there in any kind of material we want to deal with that too without any fear of dealing with any dealer or distributers. Online shopping is convenient in its real sense as it do not carry any dealing with issues of asking for wanted items or issues of asking for desired kind of items which helps in avoiding the part of waiting, asking, questioning about the product.

Anxiety  People’s anxiety of exploring the sites and experimenting over them is also a matter of concern. Sometimes people those who are not very known to any sites like flip kart ,mantra or any sites they just feel like it’s a tough kind of activity over net and its complicated in there sense as they are not very fond of doing [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING online shopping as it takes a time to even understand the product about its details. This particular activity makes them irritated and anxiesious over any kind of fatal online dealing.

Previous online experience  How has been a person’s experience in past as far as online shopping is concerned is a major story of concern. Previous experience is what matters actually as its hamper or sometime it keep good view or mood of people. There are two experiences one is about good and another is about bad. Both has its own and different affect in the mind of buyers. So these factors also influence online shopping or e shopping.

Pricing Policy  Online retailers gets an inherent advantage in pricing as they don’t have to bear expenses like store rent, bills etc. They can pass their price directly to customer and generally offer a lower price to customer than offline market. Even when shipping charges are included than also it is better than the offline shopping. Hence, determines the level of online shopping. Lower the price- higher the mood to demand, higher the price –lower the demand. Price of any commodity also influences the purchasing power of any specific buyer. Consumer generally prefer mild or normal price with good quality and do not want to spend or expense lot for any kind of stuff. So buying and selling both are simultaneously affected by the price of product.

Quality  The quality of product at online sites and offline stores vary a lot and then this determines the frequency of online shopping. Quality also carries good affecting nature over any kind of shopping. As consumer or buyer want to have a good quality of product as they spent their huge sum of money. In general, qualities is a

[Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING primary need over any kind of purchasing as it somewhat secure or give a good sense of buying or kind of guarantee about the product preferred.

Online trust  It depends on customer perception whether they trust a particular site and its product and services. Hence the frequency of online shopping also depends upon whether they trust a particular site or not. People are different in their nature and thoughts, some kind of people trust online dealing some kind of people aren't.

Payment  Online shoppers commonly use a credit card or a PayPal account in order to make payments. However, some systems enable users to create accounts and pay by alternative means, such as:  Billing to mobile phones and landlines.  Cash on delivery (C.O.D.)  Debit card  Direct debit in some countries  Electronic money of various types  Gift cards  Postal money order  Wire transfer/delivery on payment  Invoice, especially popular in some markets/countries, such as Switzerland

Product delivery [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING  Shipping: The product is shipped to a customer-designated address. Retail package delivery is typically done by the public postal system or a retail courier such as FedEx, UPS, DHL, or TNT.  Drop shipping: The order is passed to the manufacturer or third-party distributor, who then ships the item directly to the consumer, bypassing the retailer's physical location to save time, money, and space.  In-store pick-up: The customer selects a local store using locator software and picks up the delivered product at the selected location. This is the method often used in the bricks and clicks business model.  For digital items or tickets:  Downloading/Digital distribution. The method often used for digital media products such as software, music, movies, or images.

Shopping cart systems  Simple shopping cart systems allow the off-line administration of products and categories. The shop is then generated as HTML files and graphics that can be uploaded to a web space. The systems do not use an online database. A high-end solution can be bought or rented as a stand-alone program or as an addition to an enterprise resource planning program. It is usually installed on the company's web server and may integrate into the existing supply chain so that ordering, payment, delivery, accounting and warehousing can be automated to a large extent.

Design  Customers are attracted to online shopping not only because of high levels of convenience, but also because of broader selections, competitive pricing, and greater access to information. Business organizations seek to offer online shopping not only because it is of much lower cost compared to bricks and mortar

[Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING stores, but also because it offers access to a worldwide market, increases customer value, and builds sustainable capabilities.

Information load  Designers of online shops are concerned with the effects of information load. Information load is a product of the spatial and temporal arrangements of stimuli in the web store. Compared with conventional retail shopping, the information environment of virtual shopping is enhanced by providing additional product information such as comparative products and services, as well as various alternatives and attributes of each alternative, etc.  Two major dimensions of information load are complexity and novelty. Complexity refers to the number of different elements or features of a site, often the result of increased information diversity. Novelty involves the unexpected, suppressed, new, or unfamiliar aspects of the site. The novelty dimension may keep consumers exploring a shopping site, whereas the complexity dimension may induce impulse purchases.

Consumer needs and expectations  A successful web store is not just a good looking website with dynamic technical features, listed in many search engines. In addition to disseminating information, it is also about building a relationship with customers and making money.  Businesses often attempt to adopt online shopping techniques without understanding them and/or without a sound business model; often, businesses produce web stores that support the organizations' culture and brand name without satisfying consumer expectations. User-centered design is critical. Understanding the customer's wants and needs is essential. Living up to the company's promises gives customers a reason to come back and meeting their expectations gives them a reason to stay. It is important that the website communicates how much the company values its customers.

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING  To increase online purchases, businesses must use significant time and money to define, design, develop, test, implement, and maintain the web store. Truly said, it is easier to lose a customer than to gain one. Even a "top-rated" website will not succeed if the organization fails to practice common etiquette such as responding to e-mails in a timely fashion, notifying customers of problems, being honest, and being good stewards of the customers' data. Because it is so important to eliminate mistakes and be more appealing to online shoppers, many web shop designers study research on consumer expectations.

User interface  The most important factors determining whether customers return to a website are ease of use and the presence of user-friendly features. Usability testing is important for finding problems and improvements in a web site. Methods for evaluating usability include heuristic evaluation, cognitive walkthrough, and user testing. Each technique has its own characteristics and emphasizes different aspects of the user experience.

Advantages Convenience  Online stores are usually available 24 hours a day, and many consumers have Internet access both at work and at home. Other establishments such as internet cafes and schools provide internet access as well. In contrast, visiting a conventional retail store requires travel and must take place during business hours.  In the event of a problem with the item (e.g., the product was not what the consumer ordered, the product was not satisfactory), consumers are concerned with the ease of returning an item in exchange for either the correct product or a refund. Consumers may need to contact the retailer, visit the post office and pay return shipping, and then wait for a replacement or refund. Some online [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING companies have more generous return policies to compensate for the traditional advantage of physical stores. For example, the online shoe retailer Zappos.com includes labels for free return shipping, and does not charge a restocking fee, even for returns which are not the result of merchant error.

Factor Affecting Retail/ Mall Shopping Challenges  To achieve and maintain a foothold in an existing market, a prospective retail establishment must overcome the following hurdles:  Restrictions on real estate purchases, especially as imposed by local governments and against "big-box" chain retailers.  Restrictions on foreign investment in retailers, in terms of both absolute amount of financing provided and percentage share of voting stock purchased.  Unfavorable taxation structures, especially those designed to penalize or keep out "big box" retailers. Absence of developed supply chain and integrated IT management. Sales techniques Every retail store operates under the goal of overcoming the other competition in the market to create brand dominance and/or large profit. This is done by different sales techniques created and/or adopted by retailers. Techniques include hiring staff which are deemed attractive by the target demographic other techniques include store location, somewhere easily visible with lots of traffic. Also stores create custom interior design to suit the stores personality and the target market. Some of the largest retailers spend millions on a stores marketing technique to invite customers in to spend their time and money

[Type text]

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CHAPTER-VI RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS Recommendation Online shopping Increased cooperation with businesses (trade organizations) some of the findings of the report are alarming. One of the main issues is the lack of information on the cooling-off period and the legal warranty on the websites; another is the lack of reimbursement of delivery costs. The different levels of protection to take into consideration can constitute a jungle especially for companies who do not have in house legal counsel or other easy access to legal counsel. An increased cooperation between consumer and trade organization's could be beneficial in this context. According to the rules of the Ecommerce Directive, a trader must inform in which languages a contract can be conducted in. As this constitutes a natural limit as to whom the trader wishes to do business with, it can also be recommended that traders inform more explicitly on their websites if there are limitations to whom they wish to sell. In many cases, the Mystery Shoppers had to spend a substantial amount of time searching for the different types of information on the websites, only to find that the trader did not sell to their countries. Trustmark's Traders with a Trustmark present on their website did not necessarily perform better than those without one. This certainly calls for improvement if Trustmark are to (continue to) serve as a seal of confidence. Perhaps this is an area that could also benefit from an increase in cooperation between consumer and trade organisations. In addition, it was reported to the working group that it wasn’t always clear if there was a Trustmark displayed on a website, especially due to language barriers. Therefore it is possible that more than 52 traders were members of a Trustmark scheme but that the Trustmark had not been recognized by the Mystery Shopper. If we want Trustmark's to play a role in increasing consumer confidence in online cross-border shopping, they

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING should be designed and formulated in a way that is understandable for all consumers shopping in the internal market. Enhance the visibility of the ECC-Net There is a definite need to keep on informing consumers about their rights and obligations in order to increase consumer confidence in online shopping across borders in the internal market. Here the ECC-Net can continue to play an important role, but in order to do so we need to actively inform consumers about our existence and what we do. The ECC-Net does not only focus on providing information on consumers rights, but also provides practical advice and assists consumers in resolving their cross-border complaints. Increasing the visibility of the ECC-Net is a key factor if we want to reach consumers. Market transparency more transparency in the market would be preferable. In connection with the recommendation stated above in section 9.2.1. It seems that a majority of traders lack sufficient knowledge about certain provisions of the legislation. The requirement to reimburse delivery costs when the consumer uses the right of withdrawal can serve as a clear example. This requirement is applicable everywhere in the European internal market since it has been transposed in all the countries, but still denied by some traders. To raise awareness about consumer protection rules in place seems therefore a crucial point. Furthermore, considering the problems that were encountered when trying to find a sufficient number of websites for this project, it seems that the market needs more traders who are willing to sell online across borders. It seems that both traders and consumers would benefit from more transparency in the market in the long term, as transparency would contribute to minimizing the differences for a trader to sell to the domestic market only or to sell across borders. If more traders would sell online across borders, it would also provide for a wider range of products for the consumers to select from. This would further make the market more efficient and create healthy competition in the market, which would ultimately benefit the customer with lower prices.9.3. The message to consumers generally, the conditions in the cross-border e-commerce market for consumers have improved since the previous projects were carried out. The main problem regarding delivery of the ordered product seems to have been reduced remarkably. This was illustrated by the very high delivery rate of the shopping exercise. In almost all cases, [Type text]

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ONLINE SHOPPING v/s RETAIL SHOPPING the delivered product was in conformity with the order and there were almost no defects. This means that, in most cases, consumers can expect to have the ordered product delivered and it will be in good shape. In the very few cases where an amount was withdrawn even though no product was delivered, the trader reimbursed the money in 50% of the cases. In the remaining cases, the consumer may be able to ask the credit card issuing bank or company for a chargeback. Taking into account the very high delivery rate experienced during the shopping exercise combined with the extra security that may be provided by using credit card as the means of payment, the conclusion for consumers is, therefore, that they can generally feel confident when shopping online across borders. However, consumers should make sure to look closely at the website they are considering shopping from. Look for contact details. Make sure there is an email address to the trader and make sure that the trader’s company is registered in the EU, Norway or Iceland. Tips on what to look for can be found in the e-commerce checklists on the ECC websites. Our study shows that in most cases this information is there and is easy to find. If the information is missing, then this may be an indication that the consumer should choose another online store. We assume that most of the purchases made online are successful purchases of products that the consumer wants to keep. However, the consumer has a legal right to withdraw from the contract without giving a reason and should not be afraid to use this right if he or she wishes.

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comparative study between online shopping and traditional shopping

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