Events Management

EVENTS MANAGEMENT Resource Guide

Glenn Bowdin UK Centre for Events Management Leeds Metropolitan University

August 2003

Published by the Learning and Teaching Support Network (LTSN) for Hospitality, Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism

Resource Guide: Events Management

Resource Guide in:

Events Management

CONTENTS Introduction Introduction ......................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... .............................................. 5 Teaching Events Events Management..................................................................................................... Management......................................................................................................... .... 5 Key Words.................................................................................... Words.......................................................................................................................................... ...................................................... 7 Bibliographies Bibliographies ............................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................... .................................... 7 Books.......................................................................................................................... Books.................................. ................................................................................................................ ........................ 8

Event Planning Planning / Management Management / Production Production ................................................................................... 9 Conference / Exhibition Planning / Management Management ......................................................................... 16 Event Design / Themeing....................... Themeing........................................................................................................ ....................................................................................... ...... 19 Health & Safety Safety / Risk Manageme Management nt............................................................................................. ............................................................................................. 19 Marketing and Sponsorship .................................................................................... .......................................................................................................... ...................... 20 Market Sector Reports ................................................................................... .................................................................................................................. ............................... 21 Journals ...................................................................................... ........................................................................................................................................... ..................................................... 24 Periodicals ................................................................................................. ....................................................................................................................................... ...................................... 25 Media ....................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................ ......................................................... 27 Discussion Lists.............................................................................................................................. Lists.............................................................................................................................. 27 Conferences.......................................................................................................... Conferences..................................................................................................................................... ........................... 28 Online Resources Resources – Bibliography / Reference / Publications Publications / Search Services...................... Services...................... 29 Online Resources Resources - Directories................................................................................................. Directories...................................................................................................... ..... 30 Associations Associations / Industry Bodies...................................................................................................... Bodies...................................................................................................... 31

Conference Sector ............................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................ ........................... 31 Exhibition Sector ............................................................................................. ........................................................................................................................... .............................. 31 Events / Incentive Incentive Travel...................................................................................................... Travel............................................................................................................... ......... 31 Festivals....................................................................................... Festivals ........................................................................................................................................ ................................................. 31 Production ...................................................................................... ....................................................................................................................................... ................................................. 31

The Business Tourism Tourism Partnership............................................................................................... Partnership............................................................................................... 32 TTENTO / HtF................................................................................... HtF ............................................................................................................................... ............................................ 32 About the the Author......................................................................................................................... Author............................................................................................................................. .... 32

LTSN Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism, August 2003

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INTRODUCTION

The subject area of events management is progressing as a discipline, with an increasing number of qualifications being offered with ‘events’ in the title. In addition, anecdotal evidence suggests that there are hundreds of modules covering the principles of events management within hospitality, tourism and leisure courses, together with coverage in PR and business related courses. This resource guide has been developed to direct academics who teach events management towards sources of information that can inform and develop their teaching, therefore improving the quality of their teaching, learning and assessment in relation to events management. It is worth noting that, at the time of writing, there are moves to launch a subject association for events management education in order to provide an academic home for people teaching this subject – please contact the author should you be interested in being kept informed of developments in this area. TEACHING EVENTS MANAGEMENT

Teaching events management, either at a module or course level, will require coverage of a range of disciplines in order that the students gain an understanding of the subject. At course level, Getz (2000) presents a useful conceptual framework to illustrate this approach (Figure 1). He argues that the type of event is secondary to developing an understanding of the nature of events and basic management functions. Figure 1: Conceptual Framework for Event Management Level 1: Foundation THE NATURE OF PLANNED EVENTS •

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MANAGEMENT FUNDAMENTALS

Limited duration and special purpose Unique blend of setting, program, management, and participants/customers

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Experiences and generic appeal

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Cultural and economic significance

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Businesses, agencies and organizations

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Forces and trends

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Professionalism

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Programming and scheduling

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Venues/settings

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Planning and research

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Organizing and co-ordinating

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Human resources

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Financial and physical resources

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Budgeting, controls, risk management

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Marketing and communications

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Impact and performance evaluation

Level 2: Specialization •

Type of event and unique program

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Special venue requirements

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Event organizations

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Target markets and unique communications

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Special services and supplies

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Unique impacts and performance criteria Forces and trends

Source: Getz, D (2000) Defining the Field of Event Management. Event Management , 6(1), 2.


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Modules may be structured around a particular key text (e.g. Allen et al., 2002; Bowdin et al, 2001; Getz, 1997; Goldblatt, 2002; Hall, 1992; Shone with Parry, 2001; Watt, 1998), however, it is expected that a range of materials will be accessed in order to provide a rounded understanding of the subject. Modules on specific aspects of the events industry, for example, Conference Planning, may draw on the general texts above or conference specific texts, for example, Rogers (2003) or Davidson and Cope (2003). The teaching of events management requires the development of a sound theoretical base underpinned by vocational and practical examples. As a result, event management texts should be supplemented by discipline focused texts - for example, management, human resource management, operations management and finance. Given the limited number of event-specific texts in these areas, and generally the comparatively limited stock of eventsspecific texts in university / college libraries, it is essential to encourage students to draw on the wider based literature to support their studies (anecdotal evidence suggests that if students cannot find books in stock with ‘events’ in the title, they will claim that they are unable to complete work as ‘there aren’t any books’). In addition, there are a wide range of materials, including journals, industry periodicals, newspapers, industry associations and other sources of information that can be used to supplement textbooks. Broadly, a module in the principles of events management may be structured around the events planning / management process and include coverage of the following topics: • • • • • • • • • • • •

Introduction - Definitions of Events / Scoping the Events Industry / Stakeholders Event Planning Process / Event Project Management Impacts of Events Risk Management / Law & Licensing / Health & Safety Logistics Production / Staging Marketing / Promotion Sponsorship Management / Organization Finance / Budgeting Human Resource Management / Volunteer Management Evaluation


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KEY WORDS

Students should be encouraged to use a range of key words to search for related articles and resources. These can range from event-specific (e.g. Commonwealth Games, Glastonbury Festival, Olympics) to general events-related key words including: event, special event, festival, conference, convention, exhibition, exposition, expo, forum, symposium, meeting, mega-event, hallmark event, incentive travel, corporate hospitality, sports management, sponsorship, event planning, event management, events management, conference planning, event tourism, business tourism

Depending on the search facilities available within online resources, students may need to use different combinations in order to undertake effective searches - each may produce a different set of results. For example, event plan, event planning, events planning, event management, events management. In addition, some search facilities use Boolean (AND, OR, NOT) in order to widen or narrow results – e.g. event AND planning, event OR conference AND planning, event NOT exhibition AND management.

BIBLIOGRAPHIES

A large number of the text books listed in the Books section include extensive bibliographies. There are also a small number of bibliographies available online, some of which are listed below. •

Allen, J, Harris, R and Huyskens, M (2000) Event Management: An Australian Bibliography . Sydney: University of Technology.

The bibliography contains references to books, journal articles and research papers of relevance to Australian events management within a range of categories. http://www.business.uts.edu.au/acem/pdfs/bibliography.pdf •

Bowdin, G A J (2003) Events Management Bibliography . Leeds: WorldofEvents.net/UK Centre for Events Management.

The bibliography contains references for over 100 events management specific books currently available that can be used to inform teaching on a range of subjects relating to events. http://www.worldofevents.net (under Publications) •

McCurley, S (2002) Volunteer Management Bibliography . Philadelphia: Energize, Inc.

Extensive online volunteer management bibliography developed by Steven McCurley. http://www.worldofevents.net/directory/out_frame.php?PHPSESSID=&ID=1682 Olympic Studies Centre The website of the Olympic Studies Centre at Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona includes a wide range of resources including articles and extensive links to Olympic related resources. http://www.blues.uab.es/olympic.studies •


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Sport England The website of Sport England includes a wide range of bibliographies on sports-related subjects, including sports venue design and sponsorship. http://www.sportengland.org •

The Library of Congress (2000) The Olympics: A Guide to Resources . USA: Library of Congress. A useful resource providing links to a range of materials held within the Library of Congress. http://www.loc.gov/rr/main/olympics/ •

Veal, A J and Toohey, K (2002) The Olympic Games: A Bibliography . Sydney: University of Technology in Sydney. The bibliography contains around 1400 references to academic articles and reports. http://www.business.uts.edu.au/lst/downloads/olympic_bib_update2.pdf •

BOOKS

The range of event specific books has increased over the past five years. These range from ‘how-to’ guides and manuals, through to academic textbooks exploring a range of issues relating to the subject discipline. Although there is currently only one series of books in Events Management, published by Wiley (http://www.wiley.com), other books are published by a range of publishers. At the time of writing, a new series is being launched by Butterworth-Heinemann (http://www.bh.com) in 2004 in order to develop their existing catalogue in this subject area. An extended booklist is provided below, broken down into a small number of categories: Event Planning / Management / Production Conference / Exhibition Planning / Management Event Design / Themeing Health & Safety / Risk Management Marketing & Sponsorship Market Sector Reports • • • • • •

Although there are likely to be many more books currently on the market or due to be published within the near future, these have generally proved to be useful additions to the library or academic’s bookshelf. However, the following texts have proved to be particularly useful. From a UK perspective there are relatively few books currently on the market, with most taking a ‘How To …’ approach aimed at industry practitioners. Bowdin et al (2001), Davidson and Cope (2003), Rogers (2003), Shone with Parry (2001) and Watt (1998) provide a useful grounding in events, drawing on examples that students will be able to easily relate to and all but the latter linking theory with practice. From a wider international perspective, a module / course would be strengthened with reference to Allen et al (2002), Getz (1997), Goldblatt (2002), Hall (1997), McCabe et al. (1999), and O’Toole and Mikolaitis (2002).


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Of the above texts, Bowdin et al. (2001), Rogers (2003), Allen (2000, 2002, 2003), Allen et al. (2002), Goldblatt (2002) and McCabe et al. (1999) have additional resources to support teaching in this area. Event Planning / Management / Production •

Allen, J (2000) Event Planning: The Ultimate Guide to Successful Meetings, Corporate Events, Fundraising Galas, Conferences, Conventions, Incentives and Other Special Events. Canada: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - The First Steps: Initial Planning and Budgeting; 2 - Organization and Timing; 3 -

Location, Location, Location; 4 – Transportation; 5 - Guest Arrival; 6 - Venue Requirements; 7 - Who's It All For?; 8 - Food and Beverage; 9 - Other Considerations; Conclusion. Support site: http://www.wiley.com/legacy/products/worldwide/canada/event_planning/event_planning.html •

Allen, J (2002) The Business of Event Planning: Behind-the-Scenes Secrets of Successful Special Events . Canada: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - The Strategic Planning of Event Design; 2 - Preparing the Proposal; 3 - The Body of the

Proposal; 4 - Management Fees; 5 - Contractual Negotiations with Suppliers; 6 - Client Contracts; 7 Safety and Security; 8 - Event Planning Technology Tools and Emerging Trends; 9 - Multicultural and Foreign Event Planning; 10 - Event and Program Branding; 11 - Conclusion. Support site: http://www.wiley.com/legacy/products/worldwide/canada/event_planning/the_business_of.html •

Allen, J (2003) Event Planning Ethics and Etiquette: A Principled Approach to the Business of Special Event Management . Canada: Wiley.

Contents : Part 1: Business Ethics. 1 - The Ethical Cost of Doing Business; 2 - Fair Competition; 3 -

Maintaining Ethical Boundaries. Part 2: Business Etiquette. 4 - Business Etiquette, Protocol and Entertaining: On Your Home Turf; 5 - Business Etiquette, Protocol and Entertaining: Out of Town or Country. Part 3: Codes of Conduct. 6 - Codes of Conduct in the Office: Clients, Suppliers and Planners; 7 - Codes of Conduct on Site: Clients, Suppliers and Planners; 8 - Codes of Conduct on Site: Event Planning Crisis Management; 9 - Event Planning Ethics, Etiquette and Essentials A-Z; 10 Event Planning Dos and Don'ts: How to Develop In-Office and On-Site Ethics and Business Etiquette Policies. Support site: http://www.wiley.com/legacy/products/worldwide/canada/event_planning/ethics_and_etiquette.html •

Allen, J, O'Toole, W, McDonnell, I and Harris, R (2002) Festival and Special Event Management . (2nd edn.) Brisbane: Wiley.

Contents : Part 1: Event Context. 1 - What Are Special Events?; 2 - The Impacts of Special Events;

3 - Conceptualising the Event; 4 - Economic Analysis of Events. Part 2: Event Strategy. 5 - The Planning Function; 6 - Human Resource Management and Events; 7 - The Marketing of Events; 8 Strategic Marketing of Events. Part 3: Event Administration. 9 - Sponsorship of Events; 10 - Controls and Budgets; 11 - Legal and Risk Management; 12 - Information Technology and Events. Part 4: Event Coordination. 13 – Logistics; 14 - Staging Events; 15 - Evaluation and Reporting. Support site: http://www.johnwiley.com.au/highered/fse/.


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Armstrong, J S (2001) Planning Special Events . New York: Josse Bass Wiley.

Contents : 1 - Introduction: Designing and Producing Successful Special Events; 2 - Understanding

the Four Phases of Event Management; 3 - Designing Your Special-Event Timeline; 4 - Learning From Your Organization's Past Performance; 5 - Preparing Needs Assessment and Your Case For Support; 6 - Planning and Managing to Achieve Your Goals; 7 - Selecting the Right Event; 8 - Creating Your Budget; 9 - Building Effective Teams; 10 - Revising the Timeline to Stay On Track; 11 - Constructing and Managing Your Marketing and Communications Plans; 12 - Creating Compelling Promotional Materials; 13 - Managing the Necessary Paperwork; 14 - Managing the Details; 15 - Handling Surprises and Contingencies; 16 - Thanking, Acknowledging and Reporting; 17 - Conclusion: Applying Your Newly Gained Experience. •

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American Sport Education Program (1996) Event Management for Sport Directors. Illinois: Human Kinetics. Boehme, A J (1999) Planning Successful Meetings and Events . New York: AMACOM. Bowdin, G A J, McDonnell, I, Allen, J and O'Toole, W (2001) Events Management . Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Contents : 1 - What are Events?; 2 - The Impact of Events; 3 - Conceptualizing the Event; 4 - The

Planning Function; 5 - Leadership and Human Resources; 6 - The Marketing of Events; 7 Sponsorship of Events; 8 - Control and Budgeting; 9 - Legal and Risk Management; 10 – Logistics; 11 - Staging Events; 12 - Evaluation and Reporting. Support site: http://em.worldofevents.net. •

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Camenson, B (2002) Opportunities in Event Planning . London: McGraw-Hill. Cashman, R and Hughes, A (eds.)(1999) Staging the Olympics: the Event and Its Impact . Sydney: University of New South Wales Press.

Contents : Part 1: The Event. 1 - The Greatest Peacetime Event (Richard Cashman); 2 - Hallmark

Events (Kevin M Dunn and Pauline M McGuirk). Part 2: Winning and Designing the Games. 3 Winning the Bid (Angela Burroughs); 4 - Design (Reon Newman). Part 3: Staging the Games. 5 Australian Identity (Frank Farrell); 6 - Urban Design (James Weirick); 7 - Environment (Deo Prasad); 8 - Transport (John Black); 9 - Security (Alan Thompson); 10 - The Media (Reg Gratton); 11 - Marketing and Sponsorship (Amanda Johnston); 12 - Drugs (Mark Duncan); 13 - Tourism (Ray Spurr). Part 4: The Other Games. 14 - The Cultural Olympiad (Debra Good); 15 - The Paralympics (Anthony Hughes). Part 5: Beyond the Games. 16 - Legacy (Richard Cashman); 17 - Costs and Benefits (Richard Cashman and Anthony Hughes). •

Catherwood, D W and Van Kirk, R L (1992) The Complete Guide to Special Event Management . New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Contents : 1 - Understanding the Market – An Overview; 2 - Matching the Event to the Market; 3 - How

Communities and Promoters are Selected. 4 - The Ins and Outs of Bidding; 5 - Preparing for the Events – Setting Up Basic Operations; 6 - Sponsors – How To Get Them / What To Give Them; 7 Matching Sponsors to Events; 8 - Profit or Loss: What Goes Into the Revenue Picture; 9 - How to


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Resource Guide: Events Management Market and Promote Events; 10 - The Role of Advertising; 11 - Shutdown: It’s Not Over When It’s Over; 12 - Epilogue. •

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Craven, R E and Golabowski, L J (2001) The Complete Idiot's Guide to Meeting and Event Planning . USA: Alpha Books. English Heritage (1997) How to Plan Successful Events: Welcoming Our Visitors; Managing and Presenting Heritage Sites: A Guide for Tutors and Students . London: English Heritage. Fisher, J G (2000) How to Run Successful Incentive Schemes . London: Kogan Page.

Contents : 1 - The Profit Potential; 2 - The Human Audit; 3 - Constructing the Programme; 4 - Building

the Budget; 5 - Cash or Non-Cash, That Is The Question; 6 - Flexible Benefits; 7 - Incentive Travel: Everyone’s Top Reward; 8 – Merchandise; 9 – Vouchers; 10 – Events; 11 - Measure, Monitor, Mirror; 12 - Recognition Systems. •

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Foster-Walker, M (2003) Start & Run an Event-Planning Business. Bellingham, WA: SelfCounsel Press. Freedman, H and Feldman, K (1998) The Business of Special Events: Fundraising Strategies for Changing Times . Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press.

Contents : Introduction. 1 - Finding the Event That Fits; 2 - The Matter of Money; 3 - Management: The

View from the Top; 4 - The Art of Corporate Underwriting and Sponsorship; 5 - Committees and Commitments; 6 - Locations, Locations, Locations; 7 - The Message and the Media; 8 - Food for a Crowd; 9 - Power of the Stars; 10 - Countdown to Success; 11 - After Words; 12 - Tools of the Trade. •

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Friedman, S (2003) Meeting & Event Planning for Dummies . New York: Wiley. Getz, D (1997) Event Management and Event Tourism. New York: Cognizant Communications Corporation.

Contents : 1 - Introduction to Event Management and Event Tourism; 2 - Trends and Forces; 3 -

Perspectives on Events; 4 - Planning Events; 5 - Event Tourism Planning for Destinations; 6 – Organization; 7 - Programming and Service Management; 8 - Human Resources Management; 9 Generating Revenue; 10 - Financial and Risk Management; 11 – Marketing; 12 - Market Research; 13 - Communications- Reaching The Customer; 14 - Evaluation and Impact Assessment. •

Gilchrist, K (1998) Organising Effective Events. Kingston Upon Thames: Croner.

Contents : Part 1: General Principles and Issues. Part 2: Specific Events. •

Giles, H (1997) How to Plan Successful Events . London: English Heritage.

Contents : 1 – Introduction; 2 - Assessing a Site for an Event; 3 - Choosing a Date for an Event; 4 -

Planning an Event; 5 - Negotiating with Performers / Societies; 6 - Promoting an Event; 7 Presentation on Site; 8 - Managing an Event on Site; 9 - After an Event; 10 - Case Studies.


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Goldblatt, J J (2002) Special Events - Global Event Management in the 21st Century (3rd edn.) New York: Wiley.

Contents : Part 1: Theory of Event Management. 1 - Welcome to Twenty-First-Century Global Event

Management; 2 - Models of Global Event Management. Part 2: Event Administration. 3 - Developing and Implementing the Event Plan; 4 - Management of Human Resources and Time; 5 - Financial Administration; 6 - Event Leadership. Part 3: Event Coordination. 7 - Managing Vendor Contracts. 8 On-Site Management; 9 - Accommodating Special Needs. Part 4: Event Marketing. 10 - Advertising, Public Relations, Promotions and Sponsorship; 11 - Online Marketing. Part 5: Legal, Ethical and Risk Management; 12 - Risk Management: Legal and Financial Safeguards; 13 - Morality, Law and Ethics in Event Management. Part 6: Technology and Career Advancement; 14 - Technology for Modern Event Management; 15 - Advancing Your Career in the Twenty-First Century; 16 - Case Studies in Twenty-First-Century Event Management. Support site: http://remortgage.loanspage.co.uk/book/0471450375/. •

Goldblatt, J J and Frank Supovitz, F (1999) Dollars and Events: How to Succeed in the Special Events Business . New York: John Wiley & Sons.

Contents : 1 - Vision, Mission, Strategic Planning; 2 - The Event Business Audit; 3 – Research; 4 -

Dollar Wise; 5 - Finding Capital; 6 - Monitoring Success; 7 - The Marketing Plan; 8 - Finding and Keeping Great People; 9 - Achieving Success. •

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Goldblatt, J J and Nelson, K S (eds.) (2001) The International Dictionary of Event Management (2nd edn.) New York: John Wiley & Sons. Hall, C M (1997) Hallmark Tourist Events: Impacts, Management and Planning . Chichester: John Wiley & Sons.

Contents : 1 - Introduction: Defining Hallmark Events; 2 - The Nature and Significance of Hallmark

Events; 3 - The Economic Impacts of Hallmark Events; 4 - ‘Everybody Loves a Parade’: The Social Dimension of Hallmark Events; 5 - The Politics of Hallmark Events; 6 - The Management of Hallmark Events; 7 - Planning Hallmark Events; 8 - Marketing, Sponsorship and Image; 9 - Avoiding the Hangover: A Strategic Approach to Hosting Hallmark Events. •

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Harris, G (2001) The Essential Event Planning Kit . USA: Americas Group. Hollan, J (1999) The Concert Book: The Fund Raiser’s Detailed Guide for Arranging Special Events. Chicago: Bonus Books Inc.

Contents : 1 - The Hard Travellers; 2 - The Venue; 3 - The Performer; 4 - The First Budget; 5 - The

Sponsors; 6 - Media Sponsors; 7 - Art & Advertising; 8 - The Program; 9 - The VIP Reception and the Meet and Greet; 10 - Putting It All Together; 11 - The Day of the Concert; 12 - The Small Concert; 13 Very Large Concerts; 14 - Talking to the Experts; 15 - Final Thoughts.


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Jackson, R (1997) Making Special Events Fit In The 21st Century . Champaign: Illinois, Sagamore.

Contents : 1 - Workout on Paper; 2 - Jogging Around Entertainment; 3 - Looking Good – Being Good;

4 - Pumping Up Marketing Muscles; 5 - Aerobics for Event Hearts; 6 - Improving Organizational SetUps; 7 - Ending Up on the Treadmill. •

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Levy, B R and Marion, B (1997) Successful Special Events: Planning, Hosting, and Evaluating (Aspen's Fund Raising Series for the 21 st Century) . USA: Aspen. Mossberg, L l (ed.) (2000) Evaluation of Events: Scandinavian Experiences . New York: Cognizant Communications Corporation.

Contents : 1 - Event Evaluations (Lena L. Mossberg); 2 - Travelling to Events (Magnus Bohlin); 3 -

Effects of Events on Destination Image (Lena L. Mossberg); 4 - The Locals - Local Knowledge, Participation, and Identity (Monica Hanefors); 5 - Learning Effects- The Case of the Lillehammer Olympic Winter Games 1994 (Bente R Løwendahl); 6 - Financial Effects of Events on the Public Sector (Tommy D Andersson and Lars A Samuelsson); 7 - Event Economics: Top-Down Approaches (Lars Hultkrantz); 8 - Beyond Intermezzo? On the long-Term Industrial Impacts of Mega-Events - The Case of Lillehammer 1994 (Olav R. Spilling); 9 - Event Strategies in Practice. •

O'Toole, W and Mikolaitis, P (2002) Corporate Event Project Management . New York: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - Managing Events in the Corporate World; 2 - The Corporate Event Project Management

Process; 3 - The Corporate Event Office and Documentation; 4 - Venue: The Event Site; 5 Feasibility, Bidding and Proposals; 6 - Systems and Decisions; 7 - Event Risk Management; 8 Contract Management; 9 - The Web-Enabled Corporate Event; 10 - The Corporate Event Manual; 11 Costing, Procurement and Cash Flow; 12 - Demonstrating Value Through Measurement and Analysis. •

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Passingham, S (1994) Tried And Tested Ideas For Raising Money Locally: Small And Medium-Scale Events. London: The Directory of Social Change. Passingham, S (1995) Good Ideas for Raising Serious Money: Large-Scale Event Plans . London: The Directory of Social Change. Passingham, S (1995) Organising Local Events (2nd edn.) London: The Directory of Social Change. Roche, M (2000) Mega-Events And Modernity : Olympics And Expos In The Growth Of Global Culture. London: Routledge.

Contents : 1 - Mega-Events and Modernity: Perspectives and Themes. Part 1: Mega-Events and the

Growth of International Culture; 2 - Expos and Cultural Power: Capitalism, Nationalism and Imperialism; 3 - Mega-Events and Cultural Citizenship: Consumerism, Inclusion / Exclusion and Internationalization; 4 - The Olympics, Internationalism and Supernationalism: International Sports Events and Movements in the Inter-War Period. Part 2: Mega-Events and the Growth of Global Culture. 5 - Mega-Events, Cities and Tourist Culture: Olympics and Expos; 6 - Mega-Events and


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Resource Guide: Events Management Media Culture: Sport and Olympics; 7 - Mega-Events and Global Citizenship: Olympic Problems and Responses; 8 - Mega-Events, Identity and Global Society: Theoretical Reflections. •

Rutherford Silvers, J and Goldblatt, J (2003) Professional Event Coordination. New York: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - Anatomy of an Event; 2 - The Event Element Assessment; 3 - Developing the Event

Site; 4 - Accommodating the Audience; 5 - Providing the Event Infrastructure; 6 - Safe Operations; 7 Coordinating the Environment; 8 - Fundamentals of the Production; 9 - Staging the Entertainment Experience; 10 - Food & Beverage Operations; 11 - Making Event Memories; 12 - Ancillary Programs; 13 - Vendors & Volunteers; 14 - Knowledge Management; 15 - Strategies for Success. •

Salter, B and Langford-Wood, N (1999) Successful Event Management In A Week. London: Hodder & Stoughton.

Contents : 1 – Introduction; 2 - Sunday- Focus on the Objectives; 3 - Monday– Planning and

Preparation; 4 - Tuesday– Choosing Your People; 5 - Wednesday– Administrative Essentials; 6 Thursday– Publicity and Marketing; 7 - Friday– Almost There!; 8 - Saturday – Clear Up, Wash Up and Post Mortem. •

Schmader, S W and Jackson, R (1997) Special Events: Inside and Out (2nd edn). USA: Sagamore.

Contents : Introduction. 1 - What’s In It For Me? Section 1: Creating Your Own Event. 2 - To Be Or Not

To Be?; 3 - Your Event or Mine?; 4 - A Matter of Quality; 5 - Getting Everything Done. Special Section A: The Special Event “Impleventer.” 6 - Tell ‘Em About It. Section 2: Win-Win Sponsorship. 7 - First Things First: Preparing For Sponsorship; 8 - Rifle-Shot Research. Special Section B: Corporate Sponsorship Research Guide. 9 - The Strategy of Selling; 10 - Sponsorship: The Corporate View. Section 3: Evaluation: Measuring Sponsorship Effectiveness. 11 - All’s Well That Ends Well. Section 4: The Special Events Industry: Today and Tomorrow. 12 - What’d They Say? •

Shone, A and Parry, B (2001) Successful Event Management . London: Continuum.

Contents : Part I: The Events Business. 1 - An Introduction to Events; 2 - The Market Demand for

Events; 3 - The Events Business: Supply and Suppliers; 4 - Social, Economic, Political and Developmental Implications. Part II: Managing Events. 5 - Making a Start; 6 - Events Planning; 7 Financial Management and the Budget; 8 - The Event: Preparation, Logistics and Support Services; 9 - Marketing and Public Relations for Events; 10 - Managing the Events as a Project; 11 - The Organization Manager and the Team, During the Event; 12 - Closedown and Legacies. •

Stayte, S and Watt, D C (1998) Events: From Start To Finish. Reading: ILAM.

Contents : Introduction. 1 – Events; 2 – Planning; 3 - Personal Planning; 4 - Financial Management; 5

– Marketing; 6 - Promotion and Publicity; 7 - Health and Safety; 8 – Sponsorship; 9 – Legal; 10 – Infrastructure; 11 - Technical Aspects; 12 - Special Events Checklist and Information; 13 - Help, Advice and Support; Evaluation Conclusion.


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Surbeck, L (1991) Creating Special Events . Kentucky: Master Publications.

Contents : 1 - Defining the Special Event; 2 - Creative Brainstorming; 3 - Organizing Your Special

Event; 4 - The Groundbreaking; 5 - The Grand Opening; 6 - The Open House; 7 - Case Study VII; 8 Trade Shows; 9 - Sales Meetings; 10 - Awards Banquets;11 - Sales Promotions; 12 – Fundraisers; 13 - Holiday Events; 14 – Picnics; 15 – Parades; 16 – Festivals; 17 – Sponsorships; 18 - Corporate Theatre; 19 - Special Effects; 20 - Publicity and the Special Event; 21 - Legal Aspects and Insurance Needs of Special Events; 22 - Finale. •

Van Der Wagen, L (2002) Event Management: For Tourism, Cultural, Business and Sporting Events. Melbourne: Hospitality Press.

Contents : 1 - Introduction to Event Management; 2 - Concept and Design; 3 – Feasibility; 4 - Legal

Compliance; 5 – Marketing; 6 – Promotion; 7 - Financial Management; 8 - Risk Management; 9 – Planning; 10 – Protocol; 11 – Staging; 12 – Staffing; 13 – Leadership; 14 - Operations and Logistics; 15 - Safety and Security; 16 - Crowd Management and Evacuation; 17 - Monitoring, Control and Evaluation; 18 - Careers in a Changing Environment. •

Vasey, J (1997) Concert Tour Production Management . Oxford: Focal Press.

Contents : 1 - Introduction to the Touring Concert: Reasons for Touring, Agents, Artists and Managers,

Promoters, Touring Entourage, Designers and Operators; 2 - The Touring Production Manager: From Ideas to Reality, Preparing Budgets, Booking Touring Staff and Equipment; 3 - The Promoters Production Manager: Booking Staff and Equipment, Permits, Preparing a Venue, Public Safety; 4 Getting the Show on the Road: Production Rehearsals, Travel and Accommodation, Adapting the Show to Different Venues; 5 - Advancing Venues: Preliminary Contact, Detailed Advance, Final Check; 6 - Daily Schedule: A Show Day, a Travel Day, a Day Off; 7 - Appendices: Performance Contract, Contract Rider, Production Check Lists And Forms, Technical Specifications, Vendor Contract, Venue Contract, Translations of Common Terms. •

Vasey, J (1999) Concert Sound and Lighting Systems (3rd edn). Oxford: Focal Press.

Contents : Part 1: Introduction to Concert Systems. 1 - Introduction to the Touring Concert; 2 - Power.

3 - Rigging. Part 2: Sound Systems. 4 - Speaker Systems; 5 - Power Amplifiers; 6 - Multicore System; 7 - Drive System; 8 - House Mixing Consoles; 9 - Effects Units; 10 – Inserts; 11 - Monitor Systems; 12 - Microphones and Direct Boxes; 13 - Sound System Setup Procedure. Part 3: Lighting Systems. 14 Trusses and Grids; 15 – Lamps; 16 – Dimmers; 17 - Control Cables; 18 - Control Consoles; 19 Intercom Systems; 20 - Smoke Machines; 21 – Drapes; 22 - Follow Spots; 23 – Color; 24 - Lighting Plots; 25 - Lighting System Setup Procedure. •

Watt, D (1998) Event Management in Leisure and Tourism . Harlow: Addison Wesley Longman.

Contents : 1 - Introduction to Events; 2 – Management; 3 - Organisation and Communication; 4 –

Funding; 5 – Marketing; 6 - Event Evaluation; 7 - Practical Event Management; 8 - Sources of Help, Advice and Support.


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Wendroff, A L (1999) Special Events: Proven Strategies for Nonprofit Fund Raising . New York: Wiley.

Contents : Introduction: Special Event Fund Raising – A Beginning. 1 - The Master Event Timetable

(METT); 2 - Choosing the Event; 3 - Monetary Goals and Budgets; 4 - Recruiting Volunteer Leadership for Your Event; 5 - Networking in the Community; 6 – Marketing; 7 - Special Event Administration; 8 The Final Weeks to Event Day; 9 - The Big Day: Why the Success is in the Details; 10 - Thank you and Goodbye. •

Yeoman, I, Robertson, M, Ali-Knight, J, Drummond, S and McMahon-Beattie, U (eds.) (2003) Festival and Events Management : An International Arts and Culture Perspective . Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Contents : 1 - Arts, Leisure and Cultural Concepts (Ali-Knight and Robertson); 2 - Events Management

(Jones, Morgan and Salem); 3 - Events and the Destination (Derret); 4 - Venue Operations Management (Harrison and Macdonald); 5 - Event Design and Management (James and Brown); 6 Visitor Management (Yeoman and Mcmahon-Beattie); 7 - Service Quality and Managing Your People (Drummond); 8 - Marketing Events and City Strategy (Wardrop and Robertson); 9 - Marketing and Market Impact Analysis (Wood); 10 - Merchandising and Retail (Doyle); 11 - Hospitality Management (Fields and Stansbie); 12 - Ticketing and Reservations Management (Beaven and Laws); 13 Revenue and Pricing Management (Kimes and Yeoman); 14 - Politics, Public Policy and the Destination (Hall and Rusher); 15 - Economics of Arts, Leisure and Cultural Events (Carlsen); 16 Sponsorship, Funding and Strategy (Masterman); 17 - Behavioural Aspects of Financial Management (Raj); 18 - Risk and Decision Making (Mason and Beaumont-Kerridge); 19 - Virtual Technology, Cyberspace and Festival Management (Rusher); 20 - Implications and Process of Using IT (Knox); 21 - Context of New Zealand's Art, Leisure and Culture Sectors (Harrison and Macdonald).

Conference / Exhibition Planning / Management •

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Appleby, P (2002) Organising a Conference: How to Organise and Run a Successful Event (2nd edn). Oxford: How To Books. Astroff, M T, Astroff, A, Abbey, J R and Hoyle, L H (1998) Convention Management (5th edn). USA: Educational Institute of the American Hotel Motel Association. Connell, B, Chatfield-Taylor, C and Collins, M C (eds.) (2003) Professional Meeting Management , (4th edn). Chicago: Professional Convention Management Association. Cotterell, P (1994) Conferences: An Organiser’s Guide . London: Hodder & Stoughton.

Contents : 1 - The Conference Business; 2 - Finding a Venue; 3 - Inspection Visits; 4 – Negotiation; 5 -

The Audience; 6 - The Speakers; 7 - Food and Beverage; 8 - Audiovisual Equipment; 9 - Organisation and Administration; 10 - Running Events For Profit; 11 - Overseas Events; Bibliography; Conclusion.


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Davidson, R and Cope, B (2003) Business Travel: Conferences, Incentive Travel, Exhibitions, Corporate Hospitality and Corporate Travel . Harlow: Longman.

Contents : 1 - Introduction to Business Travel; 2 - Individual Business Travel; 3 - The Meetings

Industry; 4 - Incentive Travel; 5 - The Exhibitions Industry; 6 - Corporate Hospitality; 7 - The Business and Pleasure Interface. •

Fisher, J G (2000) How to Run a Successful Conference (2nd edn.) London: Kogan Page.

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Ismail, A (1999) Catering Sales and Convention Services. USA: Delmar Pub.

Contents : 1 - Action triangle selling for catering and convention; 2 - Event planning; 3 - Menu

planning; 4 – Communication; 5 - Golden nuggets; 6 - Visionary customer service; 7 - Deployment. •

Lawson, F (1999) Conference, Convention and Exhibition Facilities . Oxford: Architectural Press.

Contents : 1 - Influences on Supply and Demand; 2 - Congress and Convention Centres; 3 - Trade

Fair and Other Exhibition Centres; 4 - Hotels and Accommodation; 5 - Other Types of Conference and Training Centres; 6 - Technical Requirements; 7 - Facilities Management; 8 - Planning and Organising Events; 9 - Trends and Future Developments. •

Maitland, I (1996) How to Organize A Conference . London: Gower.

Contents : 1 - Setting Objectives; 2 - Establishing a Budget; 3 - Drafting Your Programme; 4 - Planning

a Schedule; 5 - Choosing the Venue; 6 - Bringing in Speakers; 7 - Inviting Delegates; 8 - Publicising Your Conference; 9 - Employing Outsiders; 10 - Speaking in Public; 11 - Using Equipment; 12 Staging Rehearsals; 13 - Managing the Event; 14 - Following Through. •

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Maitland, I (1996) How to Plan Exhibitions . London: Gower. McCabe, V, Poole, I, Weeks, P and Leiper, N (2000) The Business and Management of Conventions. Brisbane: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - The Business Environment of Conventions; 2 - The Business Structure of Conventions;

3 - Managing Suppliers to Conventions; 4 - Managing Human Resources for Conventions; 5 Managing Site and Venue Selection for Conventions; 6 - Managing the Marketing of Conventions; 7 The Business of Selling and Promoting Conventions; 8 - Managing the Planning of Conventions; 9 Managing and Organising Convention Operations; 10 - Managing the Quality of Conventions; 11 Managing the Financial, Budgetary and Legal Considerations of Conventions; 12 - Strategic Management of Conventions. Support site: http://www.johnwiley.com.au/highered/bmc/. •

Montgomery, R J and Strick, S K (1994) Meetings, Conventions, and Expositions: An Introduction to the Industry . New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Contents : 1 - History of Meetings, Conventions and Expositions; 2 - Convention and Visitors Bureaus;

3 - Players in the Industry; 4 - The Sponsor; 5 - Host Venues; 6 - Trade Shows; 7 - Meetings Management; 8 - Legal Issues; 9 - Meeting Technology; 10 - Changes Affecting the Meetings and Conventions Industry; 11 - Career and Resource Information.


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Morrow, S L (2002) The Art of the Show (2nd edn.) Dallas: IAEM Foundation.

Contents : Part I: The Exposition - In the Beginning. 1 - Definitions and Perspectives; 2 - A History; 3 -

How It Works. Part II: The Exposition and Marketing; 4 - Markets and Marketing; 5 - The Marketing Elements; 6 - Creating the Marketing Timetable. Part III: The Exposition – Creating the Show. 7 - At the Beginning; 8 - Its Initial Development; 9 - Legal Obligations; 10 - Location, Location; 11 - Service Contractors; 12 - Floor Plans and Layouts; 13 - Education Program Planning; 14 - Other Programming Options; 15 - Registration and Data Management; 16 - Housing and Transportation; 17 - Planning for the Unexpected. Part IV: Beyond Borders. 18 - International Expositions, An Introduction; 19 Globalizing the Exposition Industry; 20 - Emerging Technologies. •

Robbe, D (2000) Expositions and Trade Shows. Canada: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - Definition of the Exposition Industry; 2 - Definition the Players; 3 - Exposition Manager; 4

– Exhibitors; 5 - Venue Managers and Staff; 6 - Convention and Visitors Bureaus; 7 - General Services Contractors; 8 - Attendees. •

Rogers, T (2003) Conferences and Conventions . Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Contents : 1 - A Global Industry; 2 - The Structure of the Conference Industry; 3 - The Economics of

Conferences and Conventions; 4 - Conference Industry Marketing Activity; 5 - Conference Management: An Organizer's Perspective; 6 - Conference Management: A Venue Perspective; 7 - A People Industry; 8 - Leading Industry Organizations; 9 - The Future of the Industry. Support site: http://books.elsevier.com/uk/management/uk/subindex.asp?isbn=0750657472&country=United+Kingd om&community=management&ref=&mscssid=2TLPBBHM9W5B8HU2B0SXQARXTKPQ3GUC . •

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Seekings, D and Farrer, J (1999) How to Organize Effective Conferences and Meetings (7th edn.) London: Kogan Page. Shock, P and Stefanelli, J M (2001) On-Premise Catering: Hotels, Convention and Conference Centers, and Clubs. New York: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - Overview of On-Premise Catering; 2 - Markets and Marketing; 3 - Theme Parties and

Special Events; 4 - Meal Functions; 5 - Beverage Functions; 6 - Function Room Selection and Setup; 7 - Production and Service Planning; 8 - Intermediaries and Suppliers; 9 – Staffing; 10 - Financial Controls and Reports; 11 - Working with Other Hotel Departments. Support site: http://he-cda.wiley.com/WileyCDA/HigherEdTitle/productCd-0471389080.html. •

Shone, A (1998) The Business of Conferences. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann.

Contents : 1 - The Conference Business - The Evolution and Extent of the Conference Business; 2 -

The Conference Business and Its Market Demand. 3 - Provision and Supply of Venues; 4 - Related Services; 5 - Facilities and Services - Conference and Meeting Areas; 6 - The Provision of Food and Drink; 7 - Technical Facilities; 8 - Registration and Support Activities; 9 - Management Issues - The Organization and Staffing of Conference Venues; 10 - Some Issues in the Marketing of Conference Venues; 11 - Conference Planning; 12 - Trends.


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Event Design / Themeing •

Gardner, L and Terpening, S (1997) The Art of Event Design. California: Mirimar Communications Inc.

Contents : 1 – Introduction; 2 – Moroccan; 3 - Art Deco; 4 – Garden; 5 – Lounge; 6 – Jungle; 7 –

Colors; 8 – Beach; 9 - Urban Chic; 10 - Holiday. •

Malouf, L (1999) Behind the Scenes at Special Events . New York: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - The Secrets of Superb Organization; 2 - The 12-Point Management Plan; 3 - Event

Essentials; 4 - The Power of Color; 5 - Innovative Design and Décor; 6 - Theme Creations; 7 Understanding Design Principles and Elements of Art; 8 - Special Flowers and Special Events; 9 Table Talk; 10 - Themes, Themes, Themes; 11 - Synopsis of Other Events. •

Malouf, L (2002 ) Parties and Special Events: Planning and Design. Texas: Culinary and Hospitality Industry Publications Services.

Contents : 1 - The Party Process; 2 – Themes; 3 - Nothing but Tables, Flowers and Fabrics. •

Wigger, G E (1997) Themes, Dreams, and Schemes: Banquet Menu Ideas, Concepts, and Thematic Experiences . New York: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - The Theme and Scheme of Things; 2 - Raise Food and Beverage Management to a

Higher Level; 3 - Don't Kneel to Propose; 4 - Creative Thematic Meeting Breaks; 5 - Breakfast Appetizers; 6 – Lunch / Dinner Appetizers; 7 – Soups; 8 – Salads; 9 - A Guide to Vegetable Dishes; 10 – Desserts; 11 - Breakfast Entrées; 12 - Seated Breakfast Menus; 13 - Buffet Breakfast Menus; 14 Buffet Bruncheon Menus; 15 - Luncheon Entrées; 16 - Seated Luncheon Menus; 17 - Luncheon Buffet Menus; 18 - Dinner Entrées; 19 - Seated Dinner Menus; 20 - Buffet Dinner Menus; 21 - Signature Line Gourmet Dinner Menus; 22 - Reception Menus; 23 - Low-Cholesterol, Low-Fat, Low-Sodium Menus; 24 - The Fantasy Factory® Theme Menus; 25 - Kosher Menus.

Health & Safety / Risk Management •

AEO, BECA and EVA (2002) The Guide to Managing Health & Safety at Exhibitions and Events (The Red Book) . Berkhamsted: Association of Exhibition Organisers, British Exhibition Contractors Association and Exhibition Venues Association.

Contents : A - Your Main Legal Duties; B - Areas of Responsibility; C – Checklists; D – Guidance; E -

Suggested Copy for Exhibitor / Technical Manuals; F - Managing Health & Safety; G - Fire Safety & Emergency Procedures; H - Frequently Asked Questions (And Answers); I – Appendices; J References. Available online at: http://www.stoneleighpark.com/organisers/health/index.asp. •

Department of National Heritage, Scottish Office (1997) Guide to Safety at Sports Grounds (Green Guide) (4th edn.) London: Stationery Office.


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Hannan, C (1998) An Introduction to Health and Safety for the Live Music Industry. Morden: Production Services Association. Health and Safety Executive (1999) The Event Safety Guide. London: HSE.

Contents : 1 - Planning and Management; 2 - Venue and Site Design; 3 - Fire Safety; 4 - Major

Incident Planning; 5 – Communication; 6 - Crowd Management; 7 - Transport Management; 8 – Structures; 9 – Barriers; 10 - Electrical Installations and Lighting; 11 - Food, Drink and Water; 12 Merchandising and Special Licensing; 13 - Amusements, Attractions and Promotional Displays; 14 Sanitary Facilities; 15 - Waste Management; 16 - Sound: Noise and Vibration; 17 - Special Effects, Fireworks and Pyrotechnics; 18 – Camping; 19 - Facilities for People with Special Needs; 20 - Medical, Ambulance and First-Aid Management; 21 - Information and Welfare; 22 – Children; 23 - Performers. 24 - TV and Media; 25 - Stadium Music Events; 26 - Area Events; 27 - Large Events; 28 - Small Events; 29 - Classical Music Events; 30 - Unfenced or Unticketed Events, Including Radio Roadshows. 31 - All-Night Music Events; 32 - Unlicensed Events; 33 - Health and Safety Responsibilities. •

Health and Safety Executive (2000) Managing Crowds Safely (2nd edn.) London: HSE Books.

Contents : 1 – Introduction; 2 – Planning; 3 - Assessing Risks; 4 - Putting Precautions in Place; 5 -

Emergency Planning and Procedures; 6 – Communication; 7 - Monitoring Crowds; 8 - Review.; Appendix: Relevant Legislation; References. •

Tarlow, P (2002) Event Risk Management and Safety . New York: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - Risk Management: An Applied and Theoretical Sociological Perspective; 2 - Risk

Assessment; 3 - Alcohol and Events; 4 - Crowd Control; 5 – Emergencies; 6 - Critical Issues f or Event Safety; 7 - Outdoor Events. Stage Safety, Pyrotechnics, Parades and Demonstrations; 8 - Tomorrow's Event Risk Management.

Marketing and Sponsorship •

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Bageshot, R and Nuttall, G (1990) Sponsorship, Endorsement and Merchandising: A Practical Guide. London: Waterlow. Beck-Burridge, M and Walton, J (2001) Sports Sponsorship and Brand Development . London: Palgrave Macmillan. Crofts, A (2001) Corporate Entertaining as a Marketing Tool . Cirencester: Management Books 2000.

Contents : Introduction. 1 - What Is Corporate Entertainment? 2 - Why Do It?; 3 - Targeting the

Guests; 4 - Making Sure Guests Attend; 5 - Entertaining Internally; 6 - Making the Choices; 7 - Making It Work on the Day; 8 - Who to Go to for Help; 9 - Spectator Events; 10 - Participative Events; 11 Travelling Abroad; 12 - Celebrities and Experts; 13 - Getting the Results; 14 - Bribery and Corruption; Conclusion.


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Drury, J and Elliot, C (1998) The Athlete's Guide to Sponsorship: How to Find an Individual, Team or Event Sponsor . Boulder, Colorado: VeloPress. Graham, S, Goldblatt, J J and Delpy Neirotti, L (2001) The Ultimate Guide to Sport Event Management & Marketing (2nd edn.) New York: McGraw Hill Higher Education.

Contents : Part 1: The Role and Scope of Sport Events. 1 - Understanding the Sport Industry, the

Players and Opportunities; 2 - Critical Planning to Master The Game; 3 - Designing, Planning and Controlling Event Logistics; 4 - Providing Hospitality at Sport Events; 5 - Negotiations and Contracts; 6. Risk Management: Protecting Your Investment; 7 - Effectively Recruiting and Leveraging a Sport Celebrity; 8 - Event Marketing. Part 2: Practical Methods for Achieving Success; 9 - Financing Sports Events; 10 - Licensing Agreements and Merchandising; 11 - The Ins and Outs of Sport Events; 12 Sports Tourism: An Economic Catalyst for Cities; 13 - Charitable Events; 14 - Closing Ceremonies: Advice to New Sport Event Management and Marketing Professionals. •

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Grey, A-M and Skildum-Reid, K (2002) The Sponsor's Toolkit, Sydney: McGraw-Hill. Grey, A-M and Skildum-Reid, K (2003) The Sponsorship Seeker's Toolkit ( 2nd edn.) Sydney: McGraw-Hill. Hoyle, L H (2003) Event Marketing: How to Successfully Promote Events, Festivals, Conventions, and Expositions . New York: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - Introduction to Event Marketing; 2 - Event Promotion, Advertising and Public Relations;

3 - Electronic Event Marketing Strategies; 4 - Funding the Event Marketing Program; 5 - Marketing Association Meetings, Conferences, Events and Expositions; 6 - Marketing Corporate Meetings, Products, Services and Events; 7 - Marketing Festivals, Fairs and Other Special Events; 8 - Trends in Event Marketing. •

Pope, N and Turco, D (2001) Sport and Event Marketing . London: McGraw-Hill.

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Shank, M (2001) Sports Marketing: A Strategic Perspective. London: Prentice-Hall.

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Skinner, D and Rukavina, V (2003) The Complete Guide to Event Sponsorship . New York: Wiley.

Contents : 1 - Outstanding Events Sell Sponsorship; 2 - The Sponsorship Marketing Plan; 3 -

Research: The Sponsor’s Perspective; 4 - The Effective Sponsorship Proposal; 5 - Benefits: The Formula for Sponsorship Success and Growth; 6 - Creating the Proper Image in the Eyes of Your Sponsors; 7 - The Creative Approach to Sponsorship; 8 - The Keys to Successful Sponsorship Sales; 9 - The Legal Issues in Event Sponsorship; 10 - The Staff—Sponsor-Client Relationship; 11 - The Law of Return: How to Keep Sponsors Coming Back; 12 - The Sponsorship Evaluation Process; 13 - The Globalization of Event Sponsorship; 14 - The Importance of Networking; 15 - The Future of Global Event Sponsorship.

Market Sector Reports

Market sector reports provide access to a range of data that can assist students and academics in illustrating the size, nature and scope of the events industry and its related


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sectors. Main providers include Mintel (http://www.mintel.co.uk) and Key Note Publications Limited (http://www.keynote.co.uk). The vast majority of the following examples are subscription based. Baxter, J (ed.) (2002) Corporate Hospitality . London: Key Note. Executive Summary / Contents available online at: http://www.keynote.co.uk/autolog.asp?p2l=&collapseLevel=0&fromPage=StatAZ&AutoShow FirstRecord=1&search=SY=10-1082-31952$1$. •

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Business Tourism Forum and the Business Tourism Advisory Committee (1999) Business Tourism Leads the Way . London: Business Tourist Authority.

Griffiths, J (ed.) (2001) Sport Sponsorship. London: Key Note. Executive Summary / Contents available online at: http://www.keynote.co.uk/autolog.asp?p2l=&collapseLevel=0&fromPage=StatAZ&AutoShow FirstRecord=1&search=SY=10-1032-30818$1$. •

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Meetings and Incentive Travel Magazine and Brett Howell Associates (2002) The UK Meetings and Incentive Travel Market Survey 2002 . Petersfield, Hants: Brett Howell Associates. http://www.a14bha.co.uk/information.asp. Mintel (1999) Celebrating the Millennium . London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required. Mintel (1999) Travel Incentives and Promotions . London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required. Mintel (2000) Promotions & Incentives. London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required. Mintel (2002) Corporate Hospitality . London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required. Mintel (2002) Music Concerts & Festivals. London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required. Mintel (2002) Sponsorship. London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required. Mintel (2002) The European Meetings & Incentives Industry . London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required. Mintel (2003) MICE Destinations – Europe. London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required.


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Mintel (2003) Motor Sports. London: Mintel International Group Limited. Available from http://www.mintel.co.uk – subscription required. New Leisure Markets (1995) Festivals and Special Events . Headland, Cleveland: Business Information Futures. http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/marketscape/. Right Solutions Limited (2002) The UK Conference Market Survey 2002 . Broadway, Worcester: Meetings Industry Association. http://www.meetpie.com/market_survey.asp.

Rogers, T (2003) Business Tourism Briefing: An overview of the UK’s Business Tourism Industry . London: Business Tourism Partnership. http://www.businesstourismpartnership.com/index.html. •

Wiggin, E (ed.) (2002) Exhibitions & Conferences (6th edn.) London: Key Note. Executive Summary / Contents available at: http://www.keynote.co.uk/autolog.asp?p2l=&collapseLevel=0&fromPage=StatAZ&AutoShow FirstRecord=1&search=SY=10-1073-31756$1$. •


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JOURNALS

Over the years, events related academic / research articles have appeared in a range of academic journals, mainly those relating to tourism, leisure, recreation and hospitality. In addition to these, there are currently two established academic journals covering the subject, Event Management and the Journal of Convention & Event Tourism , further details of which are below: •

Event Management - (formerly Festival Management & Event Tourism ), an International

Journal, aims “to be the leading source of research reports and analysis related to all forms of event management” (e.g. meetings, conventions, festivals, expositions, sport and other special events). It publishes refereed and invited articles, book reviews, and documentation of news and trends. It also invites opinion pieces, profiles of organizations, and management case studies. Published quarterly by Cognizant Communication Corporation, Robert Miranda, Publisher, 3 Hartsdale Road, Elmsford, NY 10523, USA. Phone: 00 914-592-7720, Fax: 00 914-592-8981, E-mail: [email protected]. Publisher’s website includes abstracts for Event Management and Festival Management & Event Tourism. http://www.cognizantcommunication.com/filecabinet/EventManagement/em.htm. Subscription available in hard copy and, since Volume Six, 2000, full text articles also available online through Ingenta. http://www.ingenta.com/journals/browse/cog/em •

Journal of Convention & Event Tourism - (formerly Convention & Exhibition Management ) aims to give information about trends in applied research and management

practices within convention and exhibition management (e.g. meetings and convention services, facility and auditorium management, stadium, arena, and exposition management organizations and transportation services). Published biannually by The Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice St., Binghamton, NY 13904, United States. Phone: 00 607-722-5857 (Outside US/Canada), Fax: 00 607-771-0012 (Outside US/Canada), E-mail: [email protected]. Publisher’s website includes table of contents and abstracts. Subscription available in hard copy, including full online access with institution / library internet licensing at no extra charge. http://www.haworthpressinc.com/store/product.asp?sku=J143 .


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PERIODICALS

Given the vocational nature of the subject, industry periodicals can be accessed to provide up-to-date, real-life examples of events or issues affecting the events industry in order to illustrate teaching or provide the basis for discussion within workshops. The following periodicals have proved to offer a useful source of information for teaching, providing case studies, industry news and the basis for discussion. Notable within the list are Access All Areas, Conference & Incentive Travel, Event, Event Solutions and Meetings & Incentive Travel . Given the varying requirements and fluctuations in pricing for subscriptions, details have been limited to publisher and website details (rather than price or addresses, unless website details are not available). The list focuses on UK based periodicals and other online examples – although there are many more internationally, limitations may apply on subscription territories (if you wish to find out more, links to many periodicals are included on WorldofEvents.net under Links within the Industry Resources section). Some of the periodicals below are free to individual subscribers depending on the subscriber’s professional / industry status and sector of operation; otherwise there may be a subscription fee. Please contact the publishers for further information. •

Access All Areas – Published 10 times per year in the UK by Inside Communications,

Access All Areas is “the leading magazine serving the events industry” providing in-depth articles on leading outdoor events and festivals, news and views. http://www.access-aa.co.uk. •

Association Meetings International – Published in the UK by CAT Publications, Association Meetings International provides a range of articles, news and views on the

association meeting market. http://www.meetpie.com/publicat/asocmeet/currissu/ascconts.asp. •

Conference & Exhibition Fact Finder – Published 11 times per year in the UK, Conference & Exhibition Fact Finder provides a range of articles, news and views on the

UK industry and updates from many associations, including the Association for Conferences & Events Newsletter. Contact Datateam Publishing Limited, London Road, Maidstone, Kent, ME16 8LY. Tel: 01622 687031, Fax: 01622 757646, E-mail: [email protected]. •

Conference & Incentive Travel – Published monthly in the UK by Haymarket Publications, Conference & Incentive Travel is one of the leading sources of UK and

international news, views and reviews for the meetings industry. Full text content of the publication is also available online. http://www.citmagazine.com. •

Event (formerly Marketing Event ) - Published monthly in the UK by Haymarket Publications, Event “is the UK's leading magazine for live events, corporate events and

exhibitions” providing news, views and in-depth articles on issues relating to live events. Full text content of the publication is also available online. http://www.eventmagazine.co.uk.


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Event Organiser – Published bi-monthly in the UK. Contact Event Organiser , Centre

Court, 1301 Stratford Road, Hall Green Birmingham, B28 9HH. Tel: +44 (0)121 693 7070, Fax: +44 (0)121 693 7100. •

Event Solutions – Published monthly in the US by Event Publishing LLC, this online

magazine provides a wealth of articles that can support most topics. http://www.event-solutions.com. •

Exhibition Bulletin – Published monthly in the UK by Tarsus Group PLC, Exhibition Bulletin is regarded as one of the leading magazines in this market, including a magazine

section (news, views and features) and an extensive monthly listing section of major exhibitions taking place in the UK and overseas. http://www.e-bulletin.com/. •

EXPO24-7.com – Published monthly online by expo24-7.com Ltd, Expo24-7.com has

been developed as “the complete portal and business resource for the international exhibition industry, with complete listings of trade fairs, online exhibitions, industrial shows, consumer exhibitions and event listings worldwide.” http://www.expo24-7.com. •

Incentive Today – Published 10 times per year by Trades Exhibitions Ltd.

http://www.incentivetoday.co.uk/. •

Lighting & Sound International – Published monthly in the UK by PLASA Media, Lighting & Sound International is the leading magazine focussing on entertainment

technology. http://www.lsionline.co.uk/ •

Meetings & Conventions – Published monthly in the US by NorthStar Travel Media LLC, Meetings & Conventions provides news, views and features. Full text content of the

publication is also available online. http://www.meetings-conventions.com/. •

Meetings & Incentive Travel – Published monthly in the UK by CAT Publications, Meetings & Incentive Travel is one of the leading magazines focusing on the meetings

and incentive market. A website accompanies the publication – although this does not include full text articles, it does host a useful discussion board, latest news and an online jobs service. http://www.meetpie.com. •

Special Events Magazine – Published in the US by PRIMEDIA Business Magazines & Media Inc, Special Events Magazine is developed as a resource for designers and

producers of special events. http://www.specialevents.com/. •

Successful Meetings – Published monthly in the US by VNU Business Publications. Full

text content of the publication is also available online. http://www.successmtgs.com.


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MEDIA

Newspapers provide up-to-date and topical coverage of events that can be incorporated into teaching and provide the basis for classroom discussion. Students should be encouraged to keep abreast of issues, not only articles specific to events (e.g. bidding for the Olympics) but also current affairs (e.g. recently the impact of the SARS virus, terrorism, the war in Iraq and economy and how these have affected events and the industry as a whole). Of note, the following sources also provide extensive online information, including archive search facility: • • • •

BBC News - http://www.bbc.co.uk/news Daily Telegraph - http://www.telegraph.co.uk The Times - http://www.timesonline.co.uk (fee for archive access) The Guardian - http://www.guardian.co.uk (job section includes event vacancies)

Some university / college libraries will also subscribe to archives on CD-ROM, therefore it is worth checking with your librarian.

DISCUSSION LISTS

Discussion lists provide a useful opportunity to converse with other academics or interested industry professionals about issues relating to research, conferences and teaching. Although issues relating to events management may be raised on tourism, hospitality and leisure related discussion lists, there are a number of dedicated lists focussing on events. These are outline below. •

Event-management - UK-based list for discussion of all aspects of special event,

conference and exhibition management, including research and education, for the sharing of relevant experience and for information exchange on the management and development of events. Archives and details of subscribing available from: http://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/lists/event-management.html •

Crowd Dynamics - UK-based list for the discussion of crowd dynamics, ingress and

egress (normal and emergency) and crowd safety in places of public assembly. Archives and details of subscribing available from: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/CrowdDynamics/ •

Convention Educators - US-based list for conventions, exhibitions, meetings and events

educators. The purpose is to share information, teaching methods, research and create the common body of knowledge for the field. http://groups.yahoo.com/group/conventioneducators/.


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CONFERENCES

Event, festival, conference and exhibition management are sometimes identified as predefined tracks within hospitality, leisure, tourism and sport related conferences. In addition, there is an increasing range of dedicated academic conferences focusing on this area. •

ACEM (Australian Centre for Event Management) - The Australian Centre for Event

Management at the University of Technology, Sydney (Australia) have, at the time of writing, hosted two international conferences, “Events Beyond 2000 : Setting the Agenda” in 2000 and “Events and Place Making” in 2002. Proceedings from these conferences, together with information on future events, is available from the Centre website. http://www.acem.uts.edu.au/. •

Convention Expo Summit - Since 1990 the annual Convention Expo Summit, organised

by the University of Nevada Las Vegas, has provided an opportunity to share research and network with international researchers. In 2003, the conference moved for the first time away from Las Vegas to Hong Kong (http://www.polyu.edu.hk/htm/ces/). Many of the proceedings are still available for sale from the Convention Expo Summit website. http://www.unlv.edu/Tourism/cex.html. The site also includes PowerPoint presentations from the 2001 conference (http://www.unlv.edu/Tourism/cex9resources). •

IFEA Conference - The European chapter of the International Festivals & Events

Association host an annual conference, which includes a refereed research based conference. The conference enjoys a mixed audience and participation of academics and industry professionals. http://www.ifeaeurope.com/.


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O N L I N E R E S O U R C E S – B I B L I O G R A P H Y / R E F E R E N C E / P U B L I C A T I O N S / S E A R C H S E R V I C E S

There is an increasing range of online resources developed for the academic community. These range from publishers placing their table of contents or abstracts on their website, to a range of dedicated portals that make full text articles available to subscribers. The following section includes information on a range of these services – although not definitive, these have proved to be a useful starting point when searching for event-related material. •

ALTIS - Developed by the University of Birmingham and partners as part of the Resource

Discovery Network (http://www.rdn.ac.uk/), ALTIS “aims to provide a trusted source of selected, high quality Internet information for students, lecturers, researchers and practitioners in the areas of hospitality, leisure, sport and tourism.” Although not specifically covering events, the site includes links to a range of relevant reviewed resources. http://www.altis.ac.uk/. •

Articles in Hospitality & Tourism – Developed by the libraries of Oxford Brookes

University and Surrey University, the database provides access to over 42,000 bibliographic references for articles in trade periodicals and academic journals. Subscription based. http://libweb.surrey.ac.uk/aht2/. •

Emerald - Emerald provides access to a wide range of management journals, some of

which include events related articles. The site is subscription based for access to full text articles, but abstracts can be searched for free. http://www.emeraldinsight.com. •

Ingenta - Ingenta is an extensive online service that offers access to full text academic

and professional content to subscribers. subscribers. http://www.ingenta.com •

Search facilities are available to non-

Leisuretourism.com - Developed by CABI Publishing, Leisuretourism.com gathers

together over 50,000 bibliographic references relating to research in leisure, recreation, sport, tourism and hospitality related topics. Subscription based. http://www.leisuretourism.com. •

Resource Guide for Hospitality, Leisure, Sport and Tourism - Developed by JISC,

this resource guide aims to direct staff and students to resources to support teaching, learning and research in hospitality, leisure, sport and tourism. Although not specifically covering events, the site includes links to a range of relevant reviewed resources. http://www.jisc.ac.uk/index.cfm?name=rg_hosp_main. •

Zetoc - Zetoc provides access to Electronic Tables of Contents of current journals and

conference proceedings from the British Library. The service is updated daily with the current contents from 20,000+ journals per year. Freely available to JISC-sponsored UK colleges and Universities. http://zetoc.mimas.ac.uk/.


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ONLINE RESOURCES - DIRECTORIES

As the Internet has grown in use, it has become increasingly difficult to find appropriate resources. As a result, a number of directories or portals have been developed in order to point industry professionals, academics, students and researchers in the right direction. A small selection of these are highlighted below – it should be noted that other resources exist, however, those identified below have been useful as the starting point to further sources. •

Conworld.net – Developed in Germany by Lucht & Partner, Conworld.net is a meetings

industry directory, linking to over 15,000 meetings industry websites worldwide. http://www.conworld.net. •

Expoworld.net - Developed by event industry web entrepreneur John Passalacqua,

ExpoWorld.net is an industry-specific search engine linking to over 500 of the most important websites serving the events industry worldwide. http://www.expoworld.net. •

UNLV - Convention, Meeting, Exposition Resources - Developed by author Patti

Shock from the William F Harrah College of Hotel Administration at the University of Nevada in Las Vegas (USA), the resource guide includes a wide range of links to associations, courses, convention centres, a convention bibliography and other useful resources for students and academics. http://www.unlv.edu/Tourism/convresources.html •

WorldofEvents.net - Developed by author, Glenn A J Bowdin from the UK Centre of

Events Management, Leeds Metropolitan University, WorldofEvents.net provides links to a wide range of resources of interest to industry professionals, educators, students and researchers, and a range of information, including careers, recruitment agencies, links to education programmes, a suppliers directory, an extensive directory of industry associations and magazines and an events bibliography. It also includes links to events researchers, foundations, event strategies and impact studies. http://www.worldofevents.net.


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A S S O C I A T I O N S / I N D U S T R Y B O D I E S

There are a wide range of associations that cover the full breadth of the events industry within the UK and Internationally. These range from trade associations that represent particular sectors, organisations or service interests, to associations based on personal membership. The associations offer a range of services, from representing their membership’s interests to government and other interested parties, through information and advice services, to qualifications, training and quality assurance. The following associations are notable within the UK: Conference Sector •

• • • •

ABPCO – Association of British Professional Conference Organisers. http://www.abpco.org.uk. ACE – Association of Conferences and Events. http://www.martex.co.uk/ace. BACD – British Association of Conference Destinations. http://www.bacd.org.uk. MIA – Meetings Industry Association. http://www.meetings.org/. MPI – Meeting Professional International. http://www.mpiuk.org/.

Exhibition Sector • • •

AEO – Association of Exhibition Organisers. http://www.aeo.org.uk. BECA – British Exhibition Contractors Association. http://www.beca.org.uk. EVA – Exhibition Venues Association. http://www.exhibitionvenues.com.

Events / Incentive Travel •

• • • •

CEA - Corporate Events Association (formerly Corporate Hospitality & Events Association). http://www.cha-online.co.uk. ISES – International Special Events Society. http://www.isesuk.org. ITMA - Incentive Travel & Meetings Association. http://www.itma-online.org. NOEA – National Outdoor Events Association. http://www.noea.org.uk. SITE – Society of Incentive Travel Executives. http://www.site-scotland.org/.

Festivals • • •

AFO – Association of Festival Organisers. http://www.afouk.org. BAFA – British Arts Festivals Association. http://www.artsfestivals.co.uk. BIFF - British & International Federation of Festivals for Music, Dance and Speech. http://www.festivals.demon.co.uk/.

PRODUCTION • • • •

MOCA – Mobile Outdoor Caterers Association. http://www.moca.org.uk. PLASA – Production, Light & Sound Association. http://www.plasa.org. PSA – Production Services Association. http://www.psa.org.uk. TESA – The Event Services Association. http://www.tesa.org.uk.


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Events Management

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