GIS
CE806-GIS & CAD LAB EXCERCISES IN GIS: 1. Digitization of Map/Toposheet Map/Toposheet 2. Creation of thematic maps. 3. Estimation of features and interpretation 4. Developing Digital Elevation model . !imple applications of "#! in $ater %esources Engineering & Transportation Engineering.
1. Digitization of Map!opo"#$$t
Ai%: To Degitize the given Map/Toposheat using 'rc "#! R$'i($) Mat$(ia*"( Degital Map/Toposheat) 'rc "#! soft$are. !#$o(+:
#n "#! conte*t digitization refers to creating vector datasets viz.) point) line or pol+gon from raster datasets. #t is a $a+ of tracing/recording geographic features in vector format from georeferenced images or maps. ,ith the help of digitization $e can create different set of la+ers -iz. %ivers) roads) schools) $ard oundaries and uilding locs from a single map0 this process is no$n as -ectorization. -ector data is eas+ to edit) update and is more accurate as compared to raster data. -ector data is more efficient for "#! anal+sis. Due to these reasons -ectorization is the first step in man+ "#! proects. o$ever it is a time consuming process and needs a lot of attention to prevent introduction of errors in the datasets. -ector data is mainl+ of three t+pes ,oint( #t consists of single points having 5) 67 coordinates) for e*ample lamp posts) us stops and posto* positions etc. - Lin$( #t consists a series of 5) 67 coordinates in a se8uence from start node to end node $ith a numer of vertices oining these t$o nodes7. 9or e*ample roads) po$er lines) $ard oundaries and contours etc. - ,o*+gon( #t is a series of 5) 67 coordinates in a se8uence closing a figure $here first and last points are the same. 9or e*ample laes) uilding locs) village locs) $ard areas and forests etc. ,(o$)'($ :
1. !tart 'rcCatalog + clicing !tart : 'll ;rograms : 'rc"#! : 'rcCatalog.
Clic the Connect To 9older utton on the 'rcCatalog !tandard toolar. This opens the Connect to 9older dialog o*.
? on the Connect to 9older dialog o* to estalish a folder connection. 6our ne$ folder connection is no$ listed in the Catalog tree.
2. 'dd the ase map $hich $e have to degitize using 'dd icon.
3. creation of "eo dataase %ightclic the folder $here +ou $ant to create the file geodataase) point to N$) and clic /i*$ G$o)ataa"$. ' file geodataase is created in the location +ou selected. rename the file geodataase + rightclicing it) choosing rename) then t+ping a ne$ name.
4. Creating ne$ feature class( right clic on G$o)ataa"$ - N$ f$at'($ *a"" - select the feature class t+pe
give the name)assign the asemap coordinate s+stem) and add the re8uired fields
.clic on editor star editing select create feature class
@. degitise the map using the curser.
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. C($ation of t#$%ati %ap" Ai%: To Creat thematic maps using 'rc "#! R$'i($) Mat$(ia*"( Degital Map/Toposheat) 'rc "#! soft$are.
!#$o(+: ' t#$%ati %ap is a t+pe of map especiall+ designed to sho$ a particular theme connected $ith a specific geographic area. These maps Acan portra+ ph+sical) social) political) cultural) economic) sociological) agricultural) or an+ other aspects of a cit+) state) region) nation) or continentA. ,(o$)'($ : 1.>pen 'rc "#! and create a folder connection.
2.'dd the ase map $hich $e have to degitize using 'dd icon. 3. creation of "eo dataase %ightclic the folder $here +ou $ant to create the file geodataase) point to N$) and clic /i*$ G$o)ataa"$. ' file geodataase is created in the location +ou selected. rename the file geodataase + rightclicing it) choosing rename) then t+ping a ne$ name. 4. Creating ne$ feature class( right clic on G$o)ataa"$ - N$ f$at'($ *a"" - select the feature class t+pe give the name)assign the asemap coordinate s+stem) and add the re8uired fields .repeate the step4 for different feature classes. @.clic on editor star editing select create feature class B. $e can dra$ the thematic maps of varies features.
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2. E"ti%ation of f$at'($" an) int$(p($tation Ai%: Estimation of features and interpretation using 'rc "#! R$'i($) Mat$(ia*"( Degital Map/Toposheat) 'rc "#! soft$are. !#$o(+: -ector data is mainl+ of three t+pes ,oint( #t consists of single points having 5) 67 coordinates) for e*ample lamp posts) us stops and posto* positions etc. - Lin$( #t consists a series of 5) 67 coordinates in a se8uence from start node to end node $ith a numer of vertices oining these t$o nodes7. 9or e*ample roads) po$er lines) $ard oundaries and contours etc. - ,o*+gon( #t is a series of 5) 67 coordinates in a se8uence closing a figure $here first and last points are the same. 9or e*ample laes) uilding locs) village locs) $ard areas and forests etc. this festure have different properties $e can estimate those $ith 'rc"#!. ,(o$)'($ :
1. !tart 'rcCatalog + clicing !tart : 'll ;rograms : 'rc"#! : 'rcCatalog:Connect to 9older dialog o*. .
2. 'dd the ase map $hich $e have to degitize using 'dd icon. 3. creation of "eo dataase %ightclic the folder $here +ou $ant to create the file geodataase) point to N$) and clic /i*$ G$o)ataa"$. ' file geodataase is created in the location +ou selected. rename the file geodataase + rightclicing it) choosing rename) then t+ping a ne$ name. 4. Creating ne$ feature class( right clic on G$o)ataa"$ - N$ f$at'($ *a"" - select the feature class t+pe give the name)assign the asemap coordinate s+stem) and add the re8uired fields .clic on editor star editing select create feature class @. degitise the map using the curser. B. no$ select stop editing.
.open attriute tale + right clicing on feature class. add the re8uired fields E*. name) area) height)
also select the data t+pe $heather te*t or intiger or float etc.... .select start editing #n the features some are s+stem caliculated attomaticall+ lie lenth) area .... some of the feature $e have to enter manuall+ lie name...
1.$ith this $e can estimate the features and and interpret them.
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