Project Abstract The The propos proposed ed “Payr “Payroll oll System System” ” is aim aimed at provid ovidin ing g all all necessary computer facilities for any type of operation going on in an office. It computerizes each and every step involved in office system. This new system is a user friendly and interactive. It deals with all types of transactions, which are very necessary for the smooth running of an organization. In this project project all aspects from the user’s user’s point of view are considered so that every user can interact with this project very easily. It is tried to originate appropriate and good environment in which a user can handle the whole database very efficiently and conveniently. These fields generates large amount of information, which would be very useful for the user who interacts with it. One security basis, an authorization system is included. Under this, a user user will will be author authorize ized d to access access inform informati ation on contai contained ned within within the data databa base se Admi Admini nist stra rato tor. r. Fo Forr exam exampl ple, e, a user user must must have have user user id & password to be authorized. When a user enters the user id & password, then that user id and password is matched with the user id and password already stored in the database. In this way the data can be kept more secure & safe. The new system is designed in such a way that every user can adap adaptt hims himsel elf/ f/he hers rself elf in a very very ea easy sy and and effo effort rtle less ss way. way. By addi adding ng constraints in the database, some rules are enforced for the user to enter valid or acceptable data. In this way it prevents the authorized user from entering the wrong and invalid data. Likewise data constraints play a vita vitall and and indi indisp spen ensa sabl ble e Role Role in main mainta tain inin ing g and and pres preser ervi ving ng all all the the transactions. In this new system, any type of information related to transactions can be obtained at any time using insert, User has to enter only one primary valu value e of tran transa sact ctio ion n for for whic which h he want wants s to seek seek some some info inform rmat atio ion. n. 1
Payroll System
Similarly the information of a customer contained in the database can be obtained by choosing customer id or name only. In case, an existing user needs help on any topic related to project or a new user wants to know anything about the project, a help field is provided which contains all type of help related to the project like how to add a new record, how to edit an existing record etc.
2
Payroll System
Similarly the information of a customer contained in the database can be obtained by choosing customer id or name only. In case, an existing user needs help on any topic related to project or a new user wants to know anything about the project, a help field is provided which contains all type of help related to the project like how to add a new record, how to edit an existing record etc.
2
Payroll System
College Profile This college is an inevitable part of prestigious Apeejay Education Society. Established way back in 1982, Apeejay College of Fine Arts. Star Starte ted d as coll colleg ege e of fine fine arts arts,, it soon soon laun launch ched ed a numb number er of prof profes essi sion onal al cour course ses. s. The The coll colleg ege, e, from from its its very very esta establ blis ishm hmen entt has has excelled in its purpose of imparting quality education. Every since this college has provided the society with quality citizens. Students of this college have excelled not only academics but also in sport sports, s, music, music, theatr theatre e and other other co-cur co-curric ricula ularr activi activitie ties s achiev achieving ing height heights. s. The colleg college e has seen seen univer universit sity y topper toppers, s, best best dancer dancers, s, best best sing singer ers, s, acto actors rs and and actr actres esse ses, s, musi musici cian ans, s, pain painte ters rs,, scul sculpt ptor ors s
and and
achievers in all fields of education. The college provides its students with state of the art facilities. The labor laborato atorie ries s are are equipp equipped ed with with latest latest equipm equipment ents s with with uninte uninterr rrupt upted ed supply of power and other needed items. The computer laboratory is equipp equipped ed with with good good latest latest hardwa hardware re and softwa software. re. The photog photograp raphy hy laboratory is equipped with scanners and high quality printers. The home scie scienc nce, e, musi music, c, danc dance, e, fine fine arts arts and and the the desi design gnin ing g labor laborat ator orie ies s are are provided with best possible instruments. The college also provides for various seminars guest lectures and othe otherr even events ts of carr carrie ierr orien orienta tati tion on from from time time to time time for for the the prop proper er guidance of the students. Apart from the regular classes, the college also holds vocational classes for music, dance, etc. The college also encourages participation of its students in various art workshops. The college has seen students
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Payroll System
being selected for workshops at national and even at the international levels. For all the facilities provided by the college counted amongst the best institutions in the city.
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Payroll System
System Study In system study we study the existing system and new proposed system. In system study we study that what are the drawbacks, and limitations exist. What are the needs of the existing system? And also study what is the new proposed system, and how new proposed system removes the limitations and drawbacks of the existing system. In this section we study the advantages of the new proposed system.
Existing system This
Organization
is
maintaining
most
of
their
day-to-day
transactions data in the registers (i.e. manually). The employees of the Apeejay College of fine arts are doing the whole work manually. All the work is done manually (i.e. maintained in registers) so different employees are appointed for the maintenance of registers containing all the information related to the organization. It is very time consuming and is also not error free in some situations. In existing manual system databases calculations are difficult to perform so report generation as very much difficult.
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Payroll System
Drawbacks of Existing System Generally whenever we implement a new system it is developed to eliminate the shortcomings of an existing system. The computerized system has more edge over the manual system. It is because of accuracy, high speed, quick result, diligence etc. The existing system is totally based on manual system. Existing system has many drawbacks in comparison of computerized system. Some of the main drawbacks of existing system are: -
1.
Time Consuming: High time consumption is the main
weakness of the existing system. A lot of time is wasted in searching records from different files, which resulted in loss of time, and moreover workload also increases. Also a lot of time is wasted in duplicating the same entries in different registers. The overall checking of the records and modifications if necessary has to be made at several places which is time consuming and error prone 2.
Service and Working Conditions: With the unusual delay
due to various reasons (such as non-availability of record or absence of an employee etc) the customer suffers a lot. Without any firm reason he has to wait which disfigures the working conditions. 3.
Difficulties in Retrieving Information: Sometimes, to get
any of any type of instant information more than one document needs to be searched. This requires the opening of both files and then combining the information to get the required information. Further the files may not be indexed according to the need, which causes difficulty in retrieving information.
6
Payroll System
4.
Difficulties in Debugging: If an error is detected in
recorded information the manual system requires many files or registers to be searched to correct the information. 5.
Difficult for the Top Management to analyze data: Top
management faces lots of problems to know about the details of the Current Transactions, Current Bookings, Current Cancellation and Employee as all is maintained at the lower level. Except for the media and their reliable resources they have nobody to ask about the current outputs and the overall results to be generated along with the reports at the end of the year. 6.
Not
Easy
to
understandable
by
new
user: To
understand the manual system the user have to get more practice and have a grape all fields that help by other employee and have to be in contact with that person. If the person was in leave the user can get the information from him. 7.
Need more space to store: Here by using the paperwork
system the user need to maintain all the documents in proper way to avoid the difficulty in action and need more space to store these documents because they can’t destroy the old documents. 8.
Very Expensive: The existing manual system is very
expensive method as lot of paper work has to be done and lot of wastage of manpower, which increase the expanses of existing system. 9.
Data sharing: The different user in the different department
cannot share data simultaneously. 10. Security: Security feature are not prominent in the existing system.
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Payroll System
Need For a New System To enhance the working of the Apeejay College of fine arts, which was completely handled manually, the improvement was thought on the basis of computerizing the major activities. The following factors were foreseen for the improvisation:
1.
Identify
the
Opportunity
to
Improve
Business
Functions: It has been identified that computerization process is necessity
and
what
business
benefits
can
be
derived
by
implementing this improvement. It will lead to better transaction handling in terms of speed, reliability and accuracy. 2.
Improves Services and Working Conditions: To improve
the working conditions of existing system in every parts of Tour & Travel Org. Customer services are need to improve to a greater extent. 3.
User friendly: To make the system user friendly this system
using window as its run time environment and is developed using Visual Studio 2008, which is very user-friendly rapid application developed tool. Because in the existing system register work was very difficult to handled by each user and was boring job. 4.
Data Security: The proposed will also prevent unauthorized
access to the system. At the very beginning, the user name and password is to be entered by the user and if it is correct only then the permission to use the software is given to user. There are different users according to different roles and one user can’t use the resources given to another user.
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Payroll System
5.
Data Redundancy: - The data is stored only once which can
be accessed by any one at any time and at any place. So it can be minimized but can not be removed completely. 6.
Easy to Access: - In this database project, data can be
easily access through computer networking. 7.
Cost Reduction: - It requires less amount of Cost as
compared to existing system. 8.
Time & Efforts Reduction: - It requires less amounts of
time and efforts. 9.
Security mechanism: - Database can be secured by
applying password, encryption and decryption techniques. 10. Concurrency Control: - This Database provides mechanisms to provide concurrent access and ensure the correctness of the data. 11. Provides backup and Recovery:- It provides scheme such as recovery and backup from the failures including disk crash, power failures, software errors which may help the database to recover from inconsistent state top state that existed prior to the occurrence of the failure, though methods are very complex.
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Payroll System
Introduction to Payroll System A user friendly GUI (Graphical User Interface) based software “Payroll System” has been developed for Apeejay College of Fine Arts of jalandhar city, keeping in view the requirements of employees to prepare salary. The objective of the project was to computerize the payroll system which was earlier being handled manually every precaution has been taken at each process involved in the complex task of salary preparation. By computerization it implies that all process handling is entirely being done by computer. All the records necessary for the processes involved in the salary calculation are stored in a computer based record keeping system using a back-end tool. All the processes handling is done at the front-end by using a front-end. The project provides ample facilities to its users. The most important of the facilities are the report generation and printing which provides user with the hard copies of the data also. Features:
Preparation of salary.
Printing of Windows Based user friendly software.
Maintenance
of
rich
electronic
records
of
employees
available at station.
Pay bills/Pay slips.
Attendance record.
Tax calculation.
Various security features with the help of passwords.
Standard report generation.
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Payroll System
Proposed System This consists of Payroll System. All these transactions need to be carefully understood and taken into consideration. The system also contains a lot of data redundancy at various stages. One of the objectives of the new system would be to stores data in an efficient and non-redundant form and hence increase overall efficiency of the system. The new system should ensure of simple and easy data entry procedures through suggestive looking form. There are quite a number of lengthy calculations being done on the acquired data. These calculations should be thoroughly understood. The new system should be able to perform all these calculations automatically and efficiently. Numerous kinds of queries are done on large amounts of accumulated data, to find out the desired data. The new system should provide efficient, simple, fast and smarter procedures for retrieval of exhaustive types of data from the database. Finally, there are quite a number of reports that are generated during the normal working of the system. Each of these required reports should be understood very carefully and the new system shall provide easy and efficient methods for generation of these reports.
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Payroll System
Working The working of the project is based on payroll system for performing its working it use Visual Basic.NET as a front-end and Oracle 8i as a back-end. In which user perform all its functions in Visual Basic.NET environment and all database stores in the database oracle. This proposed system reserve the ticket on request of the user and also refund the unconfirmed orders after lasing the commission them. All the calculations are automatically and efficiently performed. The new computerized system has an edge over the manual system. The beneficial features of new computerized system are the following:
1.
Improves
Services
and
Working
Conditions:
The
proposed system improves the existing working conditions in each step of inventory control system Customer services are improved to a greater extent. The whole process is very easy and efficient. 2.
User Friendly: The new system is using windows as its run
time environment and is developed using Visual Basic.NET which is very user friendly rapid application development tool. The new system is totally graphical and user just has to select his desired option
and
the
next
step
will
be
taken
immediately
and
automatically by the system. 3.
Less Time Consumption: Another aspect of system, which
will reduce the time consumption, is its speed. The speed of system is measured in terms of response time i.e. the time it takes to respond to user’s request. Computer is an electronic device which can manipulate, modifies, retrieve and store information very speedily so it will be able to report within a fraction of time.
12
Payroll System
4.
Reduced Storage Space: On more important feature of the
new system is the reduction of physical storage covered by the existing system. In new system records will be residing in the computer’s memory, which is large storage capacity and can be extended further. 5.
Coordination of Data Tables: The user was in trouble
while combining figures from different files or registers to find out information and to prepare reports. This trouble will not occur in new system as the data from different tables will be combined internally and the prepared reports will be presented to user on screen and printer. 6.
Minimizing Errors: The project will also eliminate the
creeping in of unintentional errors due to which the system leads to insufficient. The new system will be prepared under all the restrictions of the present system. Whenever the user will attempt any error the new system will respond to it displaying a diagnostic on the screen. 7.
Data Security: The proposed will also prevent unauthorized
access to the system. At the very beginning, the user name and password is to be entered by the user and if it is correct only then the permission to use the software is given to user. There are different users according to different roles and one user can’t use the resources given to another user.
13
Payroll System
Objective/Advantages of New System: To overcome these above stated limitations in the Payroll System, we propose a new system that is computerized system of “Payroll System”. The proposed system would store all the information captured in different registers that will be linked with each other and will provide direct and immediate access. Using a computerized system, we will do storing of data. All the addition, deletion, modification, printing will be done through computer for faster accessing. This proposed system would set free from all the burdens mentioned in limitations of existing system. 1.
Fast and Efficient: As compared to existing manual
system, in proposed system the user can get the information fast, easily and efficiently from the computer since information is a single click away from the user. 2.
Reliable and
Accurate: As in proposed
system the
information is stored and processed in computers so that data will be more reliable and accurate. 3.
Centralized Data: In the existing system most of data
records are kept in registers and some data are maintained in Microsoft Excel due to this system the placement of the data is not at one particular place. But in proposed system each and every record is maintained on computer, which leads to the centralization of data and every user which have the access to system can retrieve the data at ease.
14
Payroll System
4.
Low Operation and Maintenance Cost: The proposed
system is not very costly as it doesn’t includes many costs and overhead expenses like file management, stationary charges etc. 5.
Non-Redundant Information: As in proposed system data
maintained on the computers so inconsistency doesn’t occurs whichever leads to problem like duplication of data. As in our project most of the inventory codes are Auto Generated hence there is no chance of duplication of the master records. 6.
User Friendly: Proposed system is very user friendly. We
have applied many check and balances (i.e. validation rules) in the proposed system so that a less knowledgeable person can also enter the data error free and at an ease. 7.
Easy to Access: As compared to existing system, in
proposed system the user can easily and efficiently access the information from the computer only if the user is given the right of the same. In the proposed system we have used the concept of level of access. We have created the users to access the database. So depending upon the type of hierarchy we can assign different rights for the user. 8.
No
Documentation:
As
everything
is
stored
on
the
computer so there is any need of documentation or maintaining the files or registers.
15
Payroll System
Feasibility Study Feasibility study is carried out to test if the proposed system is worth being implemented. Given unlimited resources and infinite time, all projects are feasible. Unfortunately, such projects and time is not possible real situations. Hence it becomes both necessary and prudent to evaluate the feasibility of the project at earliest passable time in order to avoid unnecessary wastage of time. Feasibility study is test of the system proposed regarding its workability, impact on tour and travels ability to meet user needs and effective use of resources. Feasibility study has five primary areas which are characterized by the acronym TELOS T
-
Technical Feasibility
E
-
Economic Feasibility
O
-
Operational Feasibility
COST ESTIMATION The net cost saving for reuse is estimated, by projecting the cost of the project. If project it was developed from scratch and subtracting the sum of the cost associated with reuse and the actual cost of the software has delivered, can be determined by applying one or more of the estimation techniques and the proposed project support all this 16
Payroll System
technique like domain analysis and modeling and enhancement of reuse components ray ties and lioness for the externally acquired components, the proposed project is cost efficient because any organization can save their expense by using my project. Earlier they used a manual system where they wasted lot of time, and there was paper work. Hence the proposed project is very cost efficient because it will help to save from manual costs overcome economical
TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY Whether the proposed information system can be implemented with the available hardware, software, technical resources, and human resource. The proposed project is technically feasible because all the required resources are easily available in the market at very low cost. The management provides all latest hardware and software facilities for the success completion of the project. The proposed system full fills the requirement of the Apeejay College of fine arts, jalandhar. The software developed by using Visual Basic.NET and Oracle 8i. Which is available at very low cost in the market? The building technique of the project is also not too complicated. Hence technical feasibility is the some difficult area to assess at the earliest stages of the system development process. Therefore the process of analysis and definition of the proposed system was conducted in parallel with the assessment of technical feasibility.
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY Whether the benefits of the proposed information system outweigh the costs. The proposed project is economical feasible because all the required resources are easily available in the market at very low cost and any organization can easily purchase this required resources at their
17
Payroll System
suitable cost and assembled it. No extra economical burden will on the on the organization. Here the benefits accrued from the new system are more than the cost involved in its development as everything is related to money. Cost involved in developing the whole system is analyzing and design, Programming cost, Stationary and miscellaneous expenses, Operational cost. There are sufficient benefits in the system to make the cost acceptable. Usually cost benefits analysis is made to find the savings or the extra overheads that would arise new development. It is normal for every origination to choose a system development only if there is a reduction with respect to the time and cost overheads.
Operational Feasibility Whether the proposed solution is desirable within the existing managerial and organizational framework and culture. This project is operational feasible because it easily handled all operations of the organization, which is required by the user. In the existing system, it is very difficult to maintain huge amount of data. The development of new system was started because of the requirement put to forward by the management of the concerned department. All the transactional operations handled successfully in the new system with in very sort of time. So it is sure that the system development is operationally feasible. Study is a preferred conceptual solution together with expected cost and benefits. It also includes a more detailed specification of what the new system requires.
18
Payroll System
System Analysis ANALYSIS Analysis is a detailed study of the various operations performed by a system and there relationship within and outside of the system. A key question is: What must be done to solve the problem? One aspect of analysis is defining the boundaries of the system and determining whether or not a candidate system should consider other related systems. During analysis data are collected on the available files, decision points and transactions handled by the present system. Some logical system models and tools are used in analysis are data flow diagrams, interviews, on-sight observations and questionnaires etc. The interview is a commonly used tool in analysis. It requires special skills and sensitivity to the subjects being interviewed. Bias in data collection and interpretation can be a problem. Training, experience and common sense are required for collection of the information needed to do the analysis. Once analysis is completed, the analyst has a firm understanding of what is to be done. The next step is to decide how the problem might be solved. Thus, in system design, we move from the logical to the physical aspect of the life cycle.
19
Payroll System
PROBLEM UNDERSTANDING One of the most difficult tasks is developing a clear in depth of the problem being investigated, without which it becomes impossible to specify the requirements for a new project with any accuracy. In the manual system the main problem was to understand the large and typical database and short form of information about any Student and Teacher.
Several questions should be proposed for this as: 1.
What is the problem?
In the manual system large amount of data handle is very difficult. It is difficult to access the required data from saved registers. And also large amount of data is very difficult store. 2.
What are its causes?
Due to store the data in large registers in manual system no body can search and easily access the records of the student or teacher at a time. In manual system records war search one by one that were very time consuming. 3.
Why is it important that the problem be solved?
The main point of view to solve the problems to change the manual system is fulfilling the required of the Management. Because nowadays very large amount of data need to be transferred. 4.
What are the possible solutions to the problem?
The solution of this problem is developed the computerized version of the manual system, which is less time consuming, and easy to handle. 5.
What types of benefits are expected once the problem
is solved?
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Payroll System
Once the above all problems solved. The new system should fulfill all the requirement of the Management. And improves the working of the Management, and all transactions can be easily maintains.
It takes considerable skill to determine the true cause of a system’s problem with knowledge of the cause of the problem, it can be diagnosed by it characteristics. After identification of the problem a general direction or a method for solving the problem will be determined. There are some problems, which are being faced by the college management. The major problem that the college is facing is that all the work is done manually. Due to this a large amount of time is wasted, there can be some errors which may creep in. Besides this it is also required to store all the information in the form of some files or registers, but because of such storage some more problems are faced. One such problem is query passing. It is a length and tedious process if there is a need to find some information regarding a student or a teacher. After identification of the problem a general direction or a method for solving the problem will be determined.
21
Payroll System
Requirement Specification Requirement analysis is the first logical and technical step in the software engineering process. It’s at this juncture that a general statistic of software scope is redefined into a concrete significance that becomes the foundation of all software engineering activities that follows. For gathering information, there is a need to interact with the system users i.e. the people who directly or indirectly influence the system requirements like end users, employees, customer etc. But they can make unrealistic or conflicting demands, so these conflicts must be solved before proceeding with the system design implementations. A software requirement specification is obtained as a sequence of analysis. Validation is necessary to ensure that the developer and customer have the same perception of the system. Unfortunately, changing requirements are a problem even for the best analysis method. The software will be developed keeping in mind the following: 22
Payroll System
Requirements Specification The proposed project full fill all the requirement
of the user
although it related to booking of the tickets or with calculations and it also provides all the necessary features which is needed by the user of the software It is a structured, precise document, which defines each and every system service and constraint in detail. It may also be known as the functional specification and is generally used as basis for a contract between the user and the software developer.
Functional Requirements The proposed project fulfills all the functional requirements of the organization. These are those requirements that define the functionality of the software system. Like Result of a Student, Attendance of a teacher, making report Card of a student. They are descriptions of the project functions.
Non-Functional Requirements These are those requirements that place a constraint under the system operates for example response time or on the development process such as the choice of the programming language.
CONSTRAINTS The company functions manually. This system has a lot of problems as the work done is very time consuming and sometimes errors also creep in. so there was an urgent need to develop a system, which is simple, error free and suits the working of the institution. The software “Payroll System” is such software, which will serve to these purposes. Constraints are validations, which are used to check that the software is
23
Payroll System
working properly. The software also has some constraints, which make it a successful application. There are some constraints which are given below 1) Time constraints. 2) Economical constraints. 3) Technical constraints.
1. Time: Time constraints is a deadline, the use of deadlines in real Time computing is a relatively recent small fraction of the overall development of project. Before reaching deadline it is difficult to develop the perfect project.
Time also effect the process of
developing the project because in the given limited time period some requirements features can’t developed.
I have developed
this project. In given time period. It is difficult to develop the each and every required feature of the project. Hence we can say that the time is the main constraints in developing the project. 2. Economical constraints: Economical constraints also is also a great hindrance in developing the project, because due to economical constraints each and every required hardware and software not available at time and hence the developer of the is not able to developed the all required features in the project. Due to the economical problem in the organization, organization does not able to pay the required amount of the project and hence developer of the project does not develop the full efficient project. Hence we can say that economical constraints puts bad effect in developing project. 3. Technical constraints:
Technical constraints are a very big
problem in developing the project. Because in available technology 24
Payroll System
you have to develop the project. Due to the shortage of technical know knowle ledg dge e some some time time in deve develo lopi ping ng the the proj projec ectt prob proble lems ms are are occurred and that put bad effects. Technical constraints are effect affect mostly designing phase, coding phase, and implement phase of the project. Also if the developer of the project is not technical of high level then it will effect during the development of the project. Hence we can say that technical constraints are also effect at very large instant.
Design Phase The The purp purpos ose e of the the desi design gn phas phase e is to plan plan a solu soluti tion on of the the problem specified by the requirement document. System design is most creative phase of the system development. The term design describes a final system and the process it is developed. This phase is the first step in moving from the problem domain to the solution domain. In other words, starting with what is needed; design takes towards how to satisfy the needs. The design of a system is the most critical factor affecting the quality of package to be developed. Sy st em de si gn has has majo majorr impa impact ct on the the late laterr phas phases es,, part partic icul ular arly ly testing
and
maintenance.
The
System
design
includes
the
constr construct uction ion of progra programs ms and progra program m testin testing. g. The key questi question on of System design is how problems lies in the project solved. With the help 25
Payroll System
of the the flow flow char charts ts we have have repr repres esen ente ted d the the desi design gn of the the soft softwa ware re system that is developing. The purpose of the design phase was to plan a solution of the problem specified by the requirements of document. This phase is the first step in moving from the problem domain to the solution domain. The design of the system is perhaps the most critical factor affecting the quality of the software.
System Design The development of the Transaction Control Software consisted of studyi studying ng of the existi existing ng manual manual system system and develo developin ping g an effici efficient ent computerized system that emphasizes on easy storage and retrieval of data in the database. The The new new syst system em shou should ld ensu ensure re of simp simple le and and ea easy sy data data entr entry y procedures through suggestive looking form. There are quite a number of lengthy calculations being done on the acquired data. These calculations should should be thoro thorough ughly ly unders understoo tood. d. The new syste system m should should be able able to perform all these calculations automatically and efficiently. There are quite a number of reports that are generated during the normal working of the system. Each of these required reports should be 26
Payroll System
understood very carefully and the new system shall provide easy and efficient methods for generation of these reports. More Mo reov over er,, the the new new syst system em shou should ld prov provid ide e a very very ea easy sy to use use interface, so that user should feel at home throughout the working of the system.
Platform Used HARDWARE REQUIREMENT Hardware is the term given to the machinery itself and to the various individual pieces of equipment. It refers to the physical devices of a computer system. Thus, the input, storage processing control and the output devices are hardware. Following are the minimum hardware and software specifications that are requ requir ired ed for for effi effici cien entt perf perfor orma manc nce e of the the syst system em.. Usin Using g a high higher er configuration than specified below can enhance the system performance further:
27
Payroll System
HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS
CPU
Intel Pentium IV 1.80 GHz or higher
RAM
Keyboard
105 Standard keys
Hard disk
10GB or higher free space
1 GB (for best performance)
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT Software mean means s a coll collec ecti tion on of prog progra ram m wher where e the the obje object ctiv ive e is to enhance the capabilities of the hardware machine. The following defines the software of the proposed system developments:
Software Specification
Operating System Window 98
Visual Basic.NET 2008
Oracle 8i
28
Payroll System
Design Tools BACK-END TOOL ORACLE 8i A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated data and a set of program to access those data.
The
collection of data, referred to as the database, contains information Relevant to an enterprise. The primary goal of the DBMS is to provide Way to store and retrieve database information that is both Convenient and efficient. Database systems are designed to manage large bodies of information. Management of data involves both defining structures for storage of 29
Payroll System
information and providing mechanisms for the manipulation of the information. In addition, the database system must ensure the safety of the
information
stored,
despite
system
crashes
or
attempts
of
unauthorized access. If data has to be shared among several users: the system must avoid possible anomalous results.
LANGUAGES USED IN ORACLE8i SQL: SQL (Structured Query Language) is a query language. It can define the structure of the data, modify data in the database and specify security constraints. SQL is a simple and powerful database access language
and
the
standard
language
for
relational
database
management system. SQL uses a combination of relational calculus constructs all the operations made to the data in an oracle database are performed using SQL declaration. SQL declarations are divided in to following: 1. DDL 2. DML 3. DCL 4. TRANSACTION CONTROL DECLRATION 5. SESSION CONTROL DECLERATION 6. SYSTEM CONTROL DECLERATION 7. BUILT-IN SQL DECLERATION
8. TRANSACTION CONTROL DECLRATION
ADVANTAGES OF ORACLE: 1. The Decision Support Arena Decisions support systems, referred to as DSS, are playing a large role Acquisition Of the express product line of decision support tools, and 30
Payroll System
the business View-centric Oracle Discoverer product, Oracle has itself well positioned for the Future and present of the system market 2. Management of Large Volume of Data Oracle has been paying significant attention to the management of large Volume of data. 3. Security Mechanism Users are given rights to view, modify, and create data according to the Names. They use to connect to the database. Customer uses these mechanisms to ensure. Those specified users get to see sensitive data. 4. Backup and Recovery Oracle provides sophisticated backup and recovery routines. Backup Creates a secondary copy of Oracle data; recovery restores a copy of data from that backup. 5. Open Connectivity Oracle provides open connectivity to and from other vendor’s software. Using the Oracle Access Manager, installations can easily integrate their diverse corporate systems running on a range of different vendor’s products. 6. Development Tools The Oracle server, commonly referred to as the database engine, supports a Wide range of development tools and, end users query tools,
off-the-shelf
applications
and
office-wide
information
management tools. 7. Data Accessibility Oracle provides utilities for backing up the data. It also provides data Integrity. If, while a user is changing data within an Oracle database, a 31
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Failures of any sort Happens, the database has the capability to undo or Rollback any suspect transaction.
FRONT-END TOOLS Visual Basic.NET Visual basic.NET is the latest incarnation of the world’s most popular computer programming language, and it brings a lot of new features to the table. This new things called “dot.net” is a revolutionary change from Visual Studio 6.0 (which included Visual Basic 6.0). Visual Basic .NET is not “Visual Studio 7.0” as you might think. On the contrary, it is a new product developed from scratch, not tied to the previous version (and not entirely compatible either). In a sense, you might think of this as a whole new product line starting at version 1.0—but that’s only partially true. 32
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The people who created Visual Basic .NET took all of the favorite features of Visual Basic 6.0 and the features of a dozen other popular language, and crammed all of this new goodness into a single new development tool. The result is a stellar programming language, and it has no equivalent in the computer world.
FEATURES OF Visual Basic.NET: Powerful Windows-based Applications Building Web-based Applications Simplified Deployment Powerful, Flexible, Simplified Data Access Improved Coding Direct Access to the Platform Full Object-Oriented Constructs XML Web Services Mobile Applications COM Interoperability Reuse Existing Investments Upgrade Wizard
ADVANTAGES OF VISUAL BASIC.NET:
1. First of all, VB.NET provides managed code execution that runs under the Common Language Runtime (CLR), resulting in robust, stable and secure applications. All features of the .NET framework are readily available in VB.NET. 2. VB.NET is totally object oriented. 33
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3. The .NET framework comes with ADO.NET, which follows the disconnected paradigm, i.e. once the required records are fetched the connection no longer exists. It also retrieves the records that are expected to be accessed in the immediate future. This enhances Scalability of the application to a great extent. 4. VB.NET uses XML to transfer data between the various layers in the DNA Architecture i.e. data are passed as simple text strings. 5. Error handling has changed in VB.NET. A new Try-Catch-Finally block has been introduced to handle errors and exceptions as a unit, allowing appropriate action to be taken at the place the error occurred thus discouraging the use of ON ERROR GOTO statement. This again credits to the maintainability of the code. 6. Another great feature added to VB.NET is free threading against the VB single-threaded apartment feature. In many situations developers need spawning of a new thread to run as a background process and increase the usability of the application. VB.NET allows developers to spawn threads wherever they feel like, hence giving freedom and better control on the application. 7. Security has become more robust in VB.NET. In addition to the rolebased security in VB6, VB.NET comes with a new security model, Code Access security. This security controls on what the code can access. For example you can set the security to a component such that the component cannot access the database. This type of security is important because it allows building components that can be trusted to various degrees. 8. The CLR takes care of garbage collection i.e. the CLR releases resources as soon as an object is no more in use. This relieves the developer from thinking of ways to manage memory. CLR does this for them.
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Due to large number of facilities provided by the Visual Basic .NET, it has been used as a front-end tool in “Payroll System”.
DFD (Data Flow Diagram)
Zero Level DFD
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Detailed DFD
36
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E-R
Diagram 37
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Tables Used 38
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Table Name: personal_info Primary Key: - employee_id Foreign key: - NILL
Purpose: - This table contains the personal information of the employee.
Table Name: department_info 39
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Primary Key: - dept_id Foreign key: - employee_id references personal_info(emp_id)
Purpose:-
This table contains the department information of the
employee.
Table Name: tax_calculation 40
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Primary Key: - emp_id Foreign key: - emp_id references personal_info(emp_id)
Purpose: - This table contains the tax calculations of the employee.
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Table Name: salary_deduction Primary Key: - emp_id Foreign key: - emp_id references personal_info(emp_id)
Purpose:- This table contains the deductions the employee.
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Table Name: salary Primary Key: - emp_id Foreign key: - emp_id references personal_info(emp_id)
Purpose: - This table contains the salary details.
43
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Table Name: allowances Primary Key: - emp_id Foreign key: - emp_id references personal_info(emp_id)
Purpose:- This table contains the allowances of the employee.
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Table Name: attendance Primary Key: - emp_id and day Foreign key: - emp_id references personal_info(emp_id)
Purpose:- This table contains the attendance record of the employee.
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Relationships
Employee Relationship
46
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Form Layouts
FORM NAME: - WELCOME
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FORM NAME: - LOGIN
Purpose: - This form is used to check the authorization of user. If the user is an authorized person he/she is given access to the system otherwise not.
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FORM NAME: - GENERAL INFORMATION
Purpose: - This form contains the general information of the employee (i.e. personal information).
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FORM NAME: - ATTENDANCE
Purpose: - This from contains the attendance records of the employee.
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FORM NAME: - DEPARTMENT
Purpose: - This form contains the department information of the employee.
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FORM NAME: -TAX
Purpose: - This form contains the tax calculations of the employee.
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FORM NAME: - OTHER DEDUCTION
Purpose: - This form contains the calculation of other deductions of the employee.
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FORM NAME: - ALLOWANCE FORM
Purpose: - This form contains the calculation of allowances of the employee.
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FORM NAME: - Salary Calculation
Purpose: - This form contains the calculation of the net salary of the employee.
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FORM NAME: - Pay Slip
Purpose: - This form contains the information of the net salary of the employee and generates the pay slip of the employee.
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Reports
Attendance Detail Report
Purpose: - This report contains the attendance information of the employee.
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List of Teacher Department Wise Report
Purpose: - This report contains the list of the teacher’s department wise of the employee.
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Teacher Category Report
Purpose: - This report contains the information of the teacher category.
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List of Teacher Report
Purpose: - This report contains the list of the teacher.
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Pay Slip
Purpose: - This report contains the pay slip of the employee.
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Coding The goal of the coding or programming phase is to translate the design of the system produced during the design phase into code in a given programming language, which can be executed by a computer and that performs the computation specified by the design. For a given design, the design, the aim is to implement the design in the best possible manner. The coding phase affects both testing and maintenance profoundly. As we saw earlier, the time spent in coding is a small percentage of the total software cost, while testing and maintenance consume the major percentage. Thus, it should be clear that the goal during coding should not be to reduce the implementation cost, but the goal should be to reduce the cost of later phases, even if it means that the cost of this phase has to increase. In other words, the goal during this phase is not to simplify the job of the programmer. Rather, the goal should be to simplify job of the tester and the maintainer. This distinction is important, as most programmers are individualistic, and mostly concerned about how to finish their job quickly,
without
keeping
the
later
phases
in
mind.
During
implementation, it should be kept in mind that the programs should not be constructed so that they are easy to write, but so that they are easy to read and understand. A program is read a lot more often and by a lot more people during the later phases. Often, making a program more readable will require extra work by the programmers. For example, sometimes there are “quick fixes” to modify a given code easily, which result in a code that is more difficult to understand. In such cases, in the interest of simplifying the later phases, the easy “quick fixes” should not be adopted. 62
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There are many different criteria for judging a program, including readability, size of the program, execution time and required memory. Having readability and understandability as a clear objective of the coding activity can itself help in producing software that is more maintainable.
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Some of the coding is as follows: -
1. Coding of Login Form Private Sub Button2_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button2.Click If txtname.Text = "" Then ErrorProvider1.SetError(txtname, "You cannot leave user id blank") End If If txtpwd.Text = "" Then ErrorProvider2.SetError(txtpwd, "You cannot leave Password blank") End If If (txtname.Text = "amit" And txtpwd.Text = "lalit") Then MDI.Show() Me.Hide() Else If (i < 3) Then MsgBox(" Wrong UserID or Password ") i=i+1 txtname.Text = "" txtpwd.Text = "" 64
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Else MsgBox(" You cannnot access the project now " ) End End If End If End Sub End Class
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2. Coding of Attendence Form Private Sub Button20_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button20.Click OleDbDataAdapter6.Fill(DataSet6) Dim row6 As DataRow row6 = DataSet6.Tables(0).NewRow row6("emp_id") = TextBox28.Text row6("day") = DateTimePicker4.Value If RadioButton3.Checked = True Then row6("attendence") = "present" End If If RadioButton4.Checked = True Then row6("attendence") = "Absent" End If row6("leave_availed") = ComboBox5.Text If RadioButton7.Checked = True Then row6("leave_status") = "leave_with_pay" ElseIf RadioButton8.Checked = True Then row6("leave_status") = "leave_without_pay" End If row6("dep") = ComboBox3.Text 66
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DataSet6.Tables(0).Rows.Add(row6) OleDbDataAdapter6.Update(DataSet6) DataSet6.AcceptChanges() MsgBox("record Added") End Sub
Private Sub Button21_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button21.Click Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=server;Persist Security Info=True;Password=tiger;User ID=scott" Dim query As String cmd.Connection = con con.Open() query = "delete from att where emp_id=" & TextBox28.Text cmd.CommandText = query cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() con.Close() MessageBox.Show("Record deleted") End Sub
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Private Sub Button22_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button22.Click Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=server;Persist Security Info=True;Password=tiger;User ID=scott" Dim query As String cmd.Connection = con con.Open() query = "update att set attendence= '" & GroupBox6.Text & "', leave_availed = '" & ComboBox5.Text & "',leave_status='" & GroupBox4.Text & "',dep='" & ComboBox3.Text & "' where emp_id= '" & TextBox28.Text & "'" cmd.CommandText = query cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() con.Close() MessageBox.Show("Record Updated") End Sub
Private Sub Button10_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button10.Click OleDbDataAdapter6.Fill(DataSet6) Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim da As New OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter 68
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Dim ds As New DataSet Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=server;Password=tiger;User ID=scott" Dim str As String con.Open() str = "select * from attendence where emp_id='" & TextBox28.Text & "'" cmd.Connection = con cmd.CommandText = str da.SelectCommand = cmd da.Fill(ds, str) If (ds.Tables(0).Rows.Count = 0) Then MsgBox("Employee Id does not exist") Else DateTimePicker4.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(1).ToString TextBox47.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(2).ToString If TextBox47.Text = "present" Then RadioButton3.Checked = True Else RadioButton4.Checked = True End If ComboBox5.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(3).ToString TextBox48.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(4).ToString If TextBox48.Text = "leave_with_pay" Then RadioButton7.Checked = True ElseIf TextBox48.Text = "leave_without_pay" Then RadioButton8.Checked = True End If 69
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ComboBox3.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(5).ToString End If con.Close() ds.Reset() End Sub
3. Coding of General Form
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Private Sub Button5_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button5.Click OleDbDataAdapter1.Fill(DataSet1) Dim row1 As DataRow row1 = DataSet1.Tables(0).NewRow If rbmale.Checked = True Then row1("employee_id") = TextBox28.Text row1("first_name") = txtfname.Text row1("last_name") = txtlname.Text row1("gender") = "male" If RadioButton5.Checked = True Then row1("marital_status") = "married" Else row1("marital_status") = "unmarried" End If row1("father_name") = fathername.Text row1("wife_name") = hwname.Text row1("date_of_birth") = dob.Value.Date row1("work_address") = wadd.Text row1("pincode") = pcode.Text row1("state") = ComboBox7.Text row1("countary") = ComboBox4.Text 71
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row1("permanent_address") = txtpadd.Text row1("residence_phone") = TextBox1.Text row1("mobile_no") = txtmno.Text row1("email") = txtemail.Text row1("doj") = DateTimePicker2.Value.Date Else row1("employee_id") = TextBox28.Text row1("first_name") = (txtfname.Text) row1("last_name") = (txtlname.Text) row1("gender") = "female" If RadioButton5.Checked = True Then row1("marital_status") = "married" Else row1("marital_status") = "unmarried" End If row1("father_name") = fathername.Text row1("wife_name") = hwname.Text row1("date_of_birth") = dob.Value.Date row1("work_address") = wadd.Text row1("pincode") = pcode.Text row1("state") = ComboBox7.Text row1("countary") = ComboBox4.Text 72
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row1("permanent_address") = txtpadd.Text row1("residence_phone") = TextBox1.Text row1("mobile_no") = txtmno.Text row1("email") = txtemail.Text row1("doj") = DateTimePicker2.Value.Date End If DataSet1.Tables(0).Rows.Add(row1) OleDbDataAdapter1.Update(DataSet1) DataSet1.AcceptChanges() MsgBox("record Added") End Sub
Private Sub Button4_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button4.Click Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=server;Persist Security Info=True;Password=tiger;User ID=scott" Dim query As String cmd.Connection = con con.Open() query = "delete from pptt1 where employee_id=" & TextBox28.Text 73
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cmd.CommandText = query cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() con.Close() MessageBox.Show("Record deleted") End Sub
Private Sub Button3_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button3.Click Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=server;Persist Security Info=True;Password=tiger;User ID=scott" Dim query As String cmd.Connection = con con.Open() query = "update pptt1 set first_name= '" & txtfname.Text & "', last_name = '" & txtlname.Text & "',gender='" & GroupBox1.Text & "',marital_status='" & GroupBox5.Text & "',father_name='" & fathername.Text & "',wife_name='" & hwname.Text & "',work_address='" & wadd.Text & "',pincode='" & pcode.Text & "',state='" & ComboBox7.Text & "',countary='" & ComboBox4.Text & "',permanent_address='" & txtpadd.Text & "',residence_phone='" & MaskedTextBox1.Text & "',mobile_no='" & txtmno.Text &
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"',email='" & txtemail.Text & "' where employee_id= '" & TextBox28.Text & "'" cmd.CommandText = query cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() con.Close() MessageBox.Show("Record Updated") End Sub
4. Coding of Tax Form
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Private Sub Button52_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button52.Click OleDbDataAdapter2.Fill(DataSet2) Dim row2 As DataRow row2 = DataSet2.Tables(0).NewRow row2("emp_id") = TextBox28.Text row2("licdeduct") = TextBox29.Text row2("nss") = TextBox30.Text row2("tax_amount") = TextBox32.Text row2("nettax_amount") = TextBox31.Text row2("annual_salary") = TextBox18.Text row2("surcharge") = TextBox19.Text DataSet2.Tables(0).Rows.Add(row2) OleDbDataAdapter2.Update(DataSet2) DataSet2.AcceptChanges() MsgBox("record added") End Sub
Private Sub Button53_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button53.Click Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=server;Persist Security Info=True;Password=tiger;User ID=scott" Dim query As String cmd.Connection = con con.Open() query = "delete from emp_tax88 where emp_id=" & TextBox28.Text cmd.CommandText = query cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() 76
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con.Close() MessageBox.Show("Record deleted") End Sub
Private Sub Button54_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button54.Click Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=server;Persist Security Info=True;Password=tiger;User ID=scott" Dim query As String cmd.Connection = con con.Open() query = "update emp_tax88 set licdeduct= '" & TextBox29.Text & "', nss = '" & TextBox30.Text & "',tax_amount='" & TextBox32.Text & "',nettax_amount='" & TextBox31.Text & "',annual_salary='" & TextBox18.Text & "',surcharge='" & TextBox19.Text & "' where emp_id= '" & TextBox28.Text & "'" cmd.CommandText = query cmd.ExecuteNonQuery() con.Close() MessageBox.Show("Record Updated") End Sub
Private Sub Button12_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button12.Click OleDbDataAdapter2.Fill(DataSet2) Dim con As New OleDb.OleDbConnection Dim da As New OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter Dim ds As New DataSet 77
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Dim cmd As New OleDb.OleDbCommand con.ConnectionString = "Provider=MSDAORA;Data Source=server;Password=tiger;User ID=scott" Dim str As String con.Open() str = "select * from emp_tax88 where emp_id='" & TextBox28.Text & "'" cmd.Connection = con cmd.CommandText = str da.SelectCommand = cmd da.Fill(ds, str) If (ds.Tables(0).Rows.Count = 0) Then MsgBox("Employee Id does not exist") Else TextBox29.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(1).ToString TextBox30.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(2).ToString TextBox32.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(3).ToString TextBox31.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(4).ToString TextBox18.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(5).ToString TextBox19.Text = ds.Tables(0).Rows(0)(6).ToString End If con.Close() ds.Reset() End Sub
Private Sub Button72_Click(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles Button72.Click Dim a As Double Dim b As Double Dim c As Double Dim d As Double 78
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a = (TextBox18.Text) b = (TextBox19.Text) c = (TextBox29.Text) d = (TextBox30.Text) TextBox31.Text = a - b - c - d TextBox31.ReadOnly = True End Sub
Testing 79
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In a software development project, errors can b injected at any stage during development. For each phase, we have discussed different techniques for detecting and eliminating errors that originate in that phase. However, no technique is perfect and it is expected that some of the errors of the earlier phases will finally manifest of themselves in the code. This is particularly true because in the earlier phases most of the verification techniques are manual because no executable code exists. Ultimately, these remaining errors will be reflected in the code. Hence, the code developed during the coding activity is likely to have some requirements errors and design errors, in addition to errors introduced during the coding activity. Because code is frequently the only product that can be executed and who’s actual behavior can be observed testing is the phase where the errors remaining from all the previous phases must be detected. Hence, testing performs a very critical role for quality assurance and for ensuring the reliability of software. During testing, the program to be tested is executed with a set of test cases, and the output of the program for the test cases is evaluated to determine if the program is performing as expected. Due to its approach dynamic testing can only ascertain the presence of errors in the program; the exact nature of the errors is not usually decided by testing. Testing forms the first step in determining the errors in a program. Clearly, the success of testing in revealing errors in programs depends critically on the test cases. Testing a large system is a complex activity, and like complex activity it has to be broken into smaller activities. Due to this, for a project, incremental testing is generally performed, in which components and subsystems of the system are tested separately before integrating them to form the system for system testing. This form of testing, though necessary to ensure quality for a large system, introduces new issues of how to select components for testing and how to combine them to form subsystems and systems. In other words, integration of the various 80
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components of the system is an important issue that the testing phase has to deal with. For this reason, this phase is sometimes called “integration and testing.”
Security Mechanism 81
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Security is an important feature of the project which prevents the project from going through wrong hands or illegal access, hence making it highly consistent. The security checks implemented in the project can be listed as:
User
Name and Password:
Without having a valid user name and password nobody can have navigation through the project
Different Users: The project provides Access Level 1 and 2 to different users. Users with Access Level 1 have all the powers of adding new records in the database and changing or deleting existing ones from the database and can also add new users or delete existing ones and can change the passwords.
Other users can only view the information in the project. But they cannot make any changes in the database.
Future Enhancement 82
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We have been working on the project for the past three months and concluded that the proposed system will be able to satisfy all the needs of a “Payroll System”. It is designed in a way that it can handle all the tasks of a Company easily and efficiently. The system can handle the reporting tasks very easily.
Future Enhancement:
Use new more short coding method in .NET 2010 language for
this software.
Modification in Database.
Data base modification can be easily handled by introducing new techniques.
More User friendly. To make it easy to understand and handle.
It can be make more user friendly by removing its complications.
More Robust. Add new features in the software to make it more
robust.
Conclusion 83
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The computerized version of the existing system of the company will be able to serve its client and prospective clients in a more efficient manner, as this would save tremendous time energy and effort of doing such tedious tiring and repetitive paperwork. It is designed to offer easy accessible to all records to provide better maintainability and to enable the user to make the required modification as and when necessary. Execution of this project would enable the user to seek use and manipulation the records pertaining to nay and every client. This project would, in short, increment the efficiency and the quality and quantity of productivity of the organization as well as decrement the work effort, energy and duration of time required by user staff. In the old system there were problems of data redundancy and information retrieval. So the final reports are always accurate. We can retrieve a particular data or any related data in less than a second, without going through the big files to retrieve the data as in the case of manual or old system. Our software has also made the report generation process very easy, as we do not have to go through different files to enter the data in the report Performa’s. Our software automatically does these processes just by the single click of mouse. Our software is designed using Oracle 8i as backend tool, which is higher version of oracle than the other lower versions of oracle such as oracle 8i. So if we will try to operate our software on the lower version of oracle, it would generate errors. Although we have put my full efforts to develop this project but still some things may have been left which can be upgraded later on.
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Bibliography 85
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