Flexi Multiradio Antenna System Technical Overview Nov 7th, 2011 v. 2.0.0
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Flexi Multiradio Antenna System Technical Overview The information in this document is subject to change without notice and describes only the product defined in the introduction of this documentation. This documentation is intended for the use of Nokia Siemens Networks customers only for the purposes of the agreement under which the document is submitted, and no part of it may be used, reproduced, modified or transmitted in any form or means without the prior written permission of Nokia Siemens Networks. The documentation has been prepared to be used by professional and properly trained personnel, and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it. Nokia Siemens Networks welcomes customer comments as part of the process of continuous development and improvement of the documentation. The information or statements given in this documentation concerning the suitability, capacity, or performance of the mentioned hardware or software products are given "as is" and all liability arising in connection with such hardware or software products shall be defined conclusively and finally in a separate agreement between Nokia Siemens Networks and the customer. However, Nokia Siemens Networks has made all reasonable efforts to ensure that the instructions contained in the document are adequate and free of material errors and omissions. Nokia Siemens Networks will, if deemed necessary by Nokia Siemens Networks, explain issues which may not be covered by the document. Nokia Siemens Networks will correct errors in this documentation as soon as possible. IN NO EVENT WILL Nokia Siemens Networks BE LIABLE FOR ERRORS IN THIS DOCUMENTATION OR FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL OR ANY LOSSES, SUCH AS BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF PROFIT, REVENUE, BUSINESS INTERRUPTION, BUSINESS OPPORTUNITY OR DATA,THAT MAY ARISE FROM THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT OR THE INFORMATION IN IT. This documentation and the product it describes are considered protected by copyrights and other intellectual property rights according to the applicable laws. The wave logo is a trademark of Nokia Siemens Networks Oy. Nokia is a registered trademark of Nokia Corporation. Siemens is a registered trademark of Siemens AG. Other product names mentioned in this document may be trademarks of their respective owners, and they are mentioned for identification purposes only. Copyright © Nokia Siemens Networks 2011. All rights reserved
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Content (Agenda or Sections)
• • • • • • • • • •
Introduction Product Description Active Antenna components AAS Properties Beamforming Antenna Array Innovative site concept Interfaces Characteristics Features
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Introduction The Nokia Siemens Networks Flexi Multiradio Antenna System is the single column Active Antenna System (AAS) which is the integrated, fully operational unit with integrated antenna array, transceiver and filter modules, including the integrated common module for processing the active antenna specific functions. For a complete BTS the FlexiSystemModule (FSM) is needed in addition the AAS. The FDD Active Antennas are able to support fixed beam forming, independent electrical tilting per carrier / system, vertical sectorisation, including separate Tx and Rx tilt. User-based beam forming will also be enabled in the future. Radio-related signal processing is performed both in RF and Common Module. The common module controls also the antenna array related functionalities as well as the interface to the FSM.
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Product Description Examples on different high- / low-band variants*: AAS 2100A/1800P (FAGF)
AAS 2100A/900P (FAGP)
AAS 900A/800P (FADM)
AAS 800A/900P (FAMD)
Dimensions (WxDxH)
238x214x1500
265x260x2500
300x260x2500
300x260x2500
Approx weight
32 kg
45 kg
40 kg
40 kg
# PA
8
8
8
8
Frequency/ Tech
- 2100 Active (WCDMA,LTE) - 1800 Passive
- 2100 Active (WCDMA,LTE) - 900 Passive
- 900 Active (GSM, WCDMA) - 800 Passive
- 800 active (LTE) - 900 Passive
EIRP
66.5 dBm
66.5 dBm
65.5 dBm
65.5 dBm
Antenna Gain Act
>18dBi
>18dBi
>17 dBi
>17 dBi
AAS RF IBW (TX)
40 MHz
40 MHz
35 MHz
30 MHz**
Tilt Electrical Tilt RET Tilt Mech
0 - 14º 0 - 10º 0 - 7º
0 - 14º 0 - 10º 0 - 7º
0 - 14º 0 - 10º 0 - 7º
0 - 14º 0 - 10º 0 - 7º
Beam forming
Vertical
Vertical
Vertical
Vertical
*
information subject to change
** specific band allocation on 800-band to be decided Customer Confidential 5 © Nokia Siemens Networks
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Active Antenna components 8 PA’s / paths PSU & OVP
FSM Calibration Calibration O&M O&M
Common Module Calibration Calibration Control Control and and Measurement Measurement
RFM* or RRH*
Radio Module
RF BB
RF (2100)
Inbuilt Calibration in RF
RET
Active Antenna System
AAS main blocks: • Common module (CM) • Radio Module (RM) • RF Baseband (RFBB) • RF-Power Amplifiers • Antenna Module • X-polarized antenna array • 2100/1800 interfaces via diplexers • RET • Internal PSU & OVP Customer Confidential 6 © Nokia Siemens Networks
Antenna Module (active & passive)
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AAS Properties The main module of the AAS is the “Common module”. • It’s functionalities are: – – – – – –
Interface for power Interface for system module/RF chaining using the 2 OBSAI ports “Data” processing Simultaneous TRX commanding TRX Calibration and synchronising Beam forming and shaping
The 2TX/2RX RF-modules (totally 4pcs/AAS) • Main properties: – – –
2 x10W PA’s per RF-module (totally 8 PA’s/AAS) 2 x 4 LNA (totally 8pcs/AAS) Each PA and RX is connected to the diplexers
The antenna array: • Main properties: – – – – –
Dual band active / passive support Typically 8 diplexers feeding 10 radiators Integrated RET on passive side (+/- 5º) Common module takes care of the electrical tilting on the active side along with the beamforming +/-7º Mechanical “fixed” tilt range 0º - 7º
Other properties: • PSU –
48VDC, 110-230VAC with optional AC-module
–
SPD class II (8/20us, 5kA)
• OVP/Surge protection:
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Beamforming The “Common module” within the AAS is the processing unit for beamforming. The unique vertical sectorisation enables up to 65% capacity gain. • It takes care of the simultaneous TRX synchronisation and tuning with extremely small performance differences between all TRX’s to enable the beamfoming. • With the capability to handle versatile processing, together with all the TRX’s it is capable to support various beamforming features: – Electrical tilting – Sector (Cell) splitting – Separate Tx/Rx tilting – Carrier specific tilting – Radio standard (RAT) specific tilting – User specific tilting – Operator specific tilting – Soft recovery /AAS graceful degradation • The unique electrical tilting capability is the actual capacity enabler. It also improves the RF-performance and quality. – Cell splitting, by creating e.g. two beams w/ different tilt angles from the same AAS enables more dense frequency re-farming in the NW with the same HW. – Having different TX and Rx angles in the same beam and/or carrier improves the RF quality even further
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Soft Recovery AAS graceful degradation • Single TX PA or TX branch failure is not blocking remaining operational AAS. Multiple PA failures are also tolerated but with performance decrease (less DL power, distorted beam pattern) • In case of TX/PA failure, AAS unit will automatically change the beamforming pattern to the most optimal depending which TX/PA unit fails • Benefits of graceful degradation: – No "emergency service" action are required and the repair can mostly be done during the routine maintenance activity – Replacement of faulty module can be done on site w/o taking the whole AAS down
• Operation scheme: • •
TX reports malfunction (e.g. TX power/TX calibration out of range) RX and TX calibration sequences are run, calibration data will indicate faulty TX or RX branch •
•
TX/PA is shut down and pre-set beamforming pattern is taken into use • •
•
Predefined recovery beam pattern will be activated
Calibration functionality is also able to detect faulty RX antenna branch If fault remains, then a non blocking alarm/service request is generated to request AAS unit service in BTS
Alarm message sent to BTS O&M Manager & OSS
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Beamforming Capabilities • • • • • • •
Electrical tilting (-/+ 7 deg) Cell splitting (vertically) Separate Tx/Rx tilting Carrier specific tilting System specific tilting Operator specific tilting Soft recovery / AAS graceful degradation
PA0 PA1
PA2
§ 4 TX PA / branches (per polarization) in the radio module connect to 3 or 2 passive elements in the antenna module.
PA3 PA4 PA5
AAS PA6 PA7
Common
8 x 10 W power amplifiers and 10 dipoles per antenna
FAR CELL
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NEAR CELL
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Antenna Array Typical radiation patterns:
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Tilt angles Active side tilt range: • The electrical tilt range is +/-7º, I.e. 14º in total. • Instead of a 0º to 14º electrical tilting, the +/-7º gives less side lobes. • With the mechanical fixed tilt 0º to 7º, it is possible to pre set the desired 14º range. • Total tilt range available end up being between -7º to +14º
0º, Horizon
Desired +/- 7º range
Tot. range Electrical + Mechanical tilt: -7º - +14º
Passive side tilt range: • The RET tilt range is +/-5º, I.e. 10º in total. • Here again, instead of a 0º to 10º, with the +/-5º gives less side lobes. • With the mechanical fixed tilt 0º to 7º, it is possible to pre set the desired 10º range. • Total tilt range available end up being between -5º to +12º Customer Confidential 12 © Nokia Siemens Networks
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Innovative site concept to reduce OPEX E.g. GSM 1800 site evolution to WCDMA 2100 Very compact Flexi Multiradio BTS Site
Even more compact site with Flexi Multiradio Antenna System
Existing antenna replaced with wideband antenna
Added WCDMA 2100 antenna New feeders
2100 WCDMA radios in active antenna
New feeders
or
or
Existing 1800 GSM radio connected to passive part of the active antenna Existing feeders
WCDMA 2100 GSM 1800
WCDMA 2100 GSM 1800
GSM 1800
Flexi Multiradio Antenna System provides even more compact site solution • New band can be introduced without visible changes • Excellent solution for already fully crowded sites
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Interfaces Antenna connector to passive array • 2 x “7/16”-type, female RF signal interface external radio. • RET connector OBSAI Interface to active array • 2 SFP Connectors, second port is prepared for HW chaining, • Optical Connector Type: Duplex LC • RP3-01, Bit Rate 3.072 Gbit/s and 6.144 Gbit/s support Management interface • EAC connectors • LMT connection Interfaces to active array • DC Input Voltage: -48VDC nominal • DC Connector Type: Screw type (“Flexi Type 3”) • Reverse Polarity Protection • Optional external AC/DC converter • OVP: SPD class II (8/20us, 5kA)
Radio Modules Fans Common Module
Power Consumption (typical*): 1x 40W with half load,
Pole Mount
– –
High band variants: < 180 W Low band variants: < 190 W
2x 40W with full load, – –
High band variants: < 350 W Low band variants: < 400 W
*For exact numbers for a particular AAS variant please see the Flexi Multiradio Antenna System - Product Description pdf Customer Confidential 14 © Nokia Siemens Networks
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Mechanical and Environmental Characteristics Dimensions: Active High Band variants
Active Low Band variants
Width
220mm – 300mm
300mm
Depth
180mm – 260mm
260mm
Height
1400mm – 2500mm
2500mm
Weight
30kg – 45kg*
40 kg*
Cooling • Active cooling with long life fans Operating temperature range: • -40°C … +55°C Maintenance • Modules can be changed in the field. Installation options: • Mast, Pole and Wall Mounting
*For exact numbers for a particular AAS variant please see the Flexi Multiradio Antenna System - Product Description Customer Confidential 15 © Nokia Siemens Networks
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RF characteristics, Antenna Active array
High Band variants*
Low Band variants**
Horizontal 3 dB Beam width
65º nominal
65º nominal
Vertical 3 dB Beam width
<7º nominal
<10º nominal
Antenna Gain (incl. passive split)
> 18dBi
> 17dBi
Polarization (any linear or elliptical)
Dual +/- 45º
Dual +/- 45º
Electrical Tilt
+/-7°
+/-7°
Mechanical tilt
0-7º (pre adjustable)
0-7º (pre adjustable)
Antenna Array Calibration
Internal, Automatic
Internal, Automatic
MIMO
2x2
2x2
Rx Diversity
Yes
Yes
Beam Control
Yes, with O&M SW
Yes, with O&M SW
Passive array
High Band variants
Low Band variants
Horizontal 3 dB Beam width
65º nominal
65º nominal
Vertical 3 dB Beam width
<7º nominal
<10º nominal
Antenna Gain (incl. active split)
> 17.5dBi
> 16.5dBi
Polarization (any linear or elliptical)
Dual +/- 45º
Dual +/- 45º
Electrical Tilt
N/A
N/A
RET / Mechanical
+/-5º / 0-7º (pre adj.)
+/-5º / 0-7º (pre adj.)
Antenna Array Calibration
N/A
N/A
RX Diversity
Yes
Yes
RET Control
Yes
Yes
* High Band variants, 1710…2690MHz **Low Band variants, 791… 960 MHz Customer Confidential 16 © Nokia Siemens Networks
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RF characteristics, AAS RF module Transceiver
High Band variants
Low Band variants
Nominal output power at TX out
8x10W (40MHz)
8x10W (30-35MHz)
Maximum # of carriers WCDMA
8*
8*
Maximum # of carriers LTE
2*
2*
Max # of Beams
8
8
Max GSM / EDGE TRX
4**
4**
EGPRS back-off
-1dB
-1dB
RX Sensitivity (GSM)
-112,5dBm
-112.5dBm
RX Sensitivity (WCDMA)
-124,7dBm
-124,7dBm
RX Sensitivity (LTE, 5 – 20MHz)
-105,7dBm
-105,7dBm
Receiver w/o div. ***
* Assuming 5MHz WCDMA carriers or 2x2 MIMO with LTE, vertical sectorisation will not increase the no of carriers ** Less, if 2 x WCDMA or more reframing carriers are exceeded *** RX Sensitivity with diversity is the same or more than with current macro BTS. System gain not taken into account.
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Flexi Multiradio Antenna System Features GSM
WCDMA
LTE
Electrical tilt
yes
yes
yes
Carrier specific tilt
N/A
yes
yes
Vertical sectorisation
TBC
yes
yes
Beam forming
yes
yes
yes
Separate TX/RX tilt
N/A
yes
yes
System specific tilting
yes
yes
yes
BCCH Dynamic power control
yes
N/A
N/A
Power saving features
yes
yes
yes
Soft recovery
yes
yes
yes
2x2 MIMO
N/A
yes
yes
MHA
N/A
N/A
N/A
RET (passive port)
yes
yes
yes
Vertical radiation patterns from same active antenna
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