L
Greetings
A good beginning makes a good endfng. (Um bom começo leva a um bom final.)
~o ~ I
C\l
I - Hello!
- Hello, Jane. Is everything ok?
- )'és, thanks.
John: Good evening, Mary!
-
Good morning, Mr. Kanashiro.
Good morning, Miss Loren. How are you?
I' m fine, thanks.
OBSERVAÇÃO
Mary: Good evening, John. How are you?
John: I'm well, and you?
Mary: I' m fine, thanks.
Tire suas dúvidas sobre o significado de palavras consultando o vocabulário no final do livro.
John: Oh, Mary! We are late today! Mary: Oh, yes! Let's go to school then.
GREETINGS
.:.:.:.:.:::.:-..::.:.:..:::.::.._-----_...
_--_.--_.._------------------------
Good morning! Bom-dia! A palavra morning significa manhã. Usa-se a saudação good morning até o meio-dia.
So long! Até logo! Usa-se so long em despedidas comuns.
GQod afternoon! Boa~tarde! A palavra after significa depois. A pala vra noon significa meio-dia.
Good bye! Até logo! Good bye significa até logo e também adeus. Pode-se também dizer apenas bye, que é a forma abreviada.
Good evening! Boa-noite! Usa-se good evening ao encontrar uma pessoa à noite.
See you tomorrow! Até amanhã! (See = vejo, you = você, tomorrow = amanhã).
Good night! Boa-noite! Usa-se good night ao despedir-se de alguém à noite.
Hi! Oi! Olá! Saudação comum entre amigos. Hello! Alô! Olá! Saudação comum entre amigos.
•.. •• •
• •• •
.... .... ..• .. . .. .. .... ....• .•... •
~
VERB TO BE
Forma abreviada, comum na conversação
Forma por extenso
•
•
Iam
(Eu sou ou estou)
Vou are (Você é ou está)
He is (ELe é ou está)
She is (ELa é ou está)
(Neutro: ele ou ela é ou está)
It is We are (Nós somos ou estamos)
Vou are (Vocês são ou estão)
"rhey are (ELes ou elas são ou estão)
I'm
Vou're He's She's
It's We're Vou're They're
All good things come to an end. (Todas as coisas boas chegam a um fim.)
ACTIVITIES
1.
4.
Complete com as formas verbais am, is ou are: a) How b) I
Traduza as frases: a) I'm well, and Vou?
Vou todav? fine.
c) Vou
b) We are late todaV.
late.
2. Escreva os cumprimentos em inglês:
c) Let's go to school then.
a) Bom-dia, Maria.
5.
b) Boa-tarde, João.
Complete a cruzadinha: é, está
r--,
~Vá, vamos
I
c) Até amanhã. escola I -
atrasado
l
L...-L...-L-L-"---+-+--'
sou, estou I - I
d) Boa-noite. hojel
• •
I
então
bom, boa I _ bons, boas
f--
""";""..---1--1---.
i--~l----il----if----l'---S
r-
ela
T
3. Reescreva as frases, colocando os verbos na for
o bri9ado I - - L...-L.......il----if----l'--lf--l
ma abreviada: a) I am fine.
ele I -
6. b) We are late.
Escreva as frases no plural: a) I am well. b) I am late.
c) She is a student.
d) It is a school.
@.
We are well. _
c) She is well.
_
d) He is fine.
_
e) How is she?
_
L
What are they?
Everything must have a beginning.
(Tudo deve ter um começo.)
c()
c()
~
~
Q.
irl lI:
irllI:
8
8
Are they singers?
No, they are not singers.
They are dancers.
Is he a player?
No, he is not a player.
He is a painter.
Is it a lion?
No, it is not a lion.
It is a tiger.
VERB TO BE - PRESENT TENSE Affirmative form
•
I am Vou are He is She is It ;s We are Vou are They are
(Eu sou, estou) (Você é, está) (Ele é, está) (Ela é, está) (Ele, eLa é, está) (Nós somos, estamos) (Vocês são, estão) (ELes, elas são, estão)
Negative form
•
Interrogative form
•
I am not (Eu não sou, eu não estou) Am I? (Sou eu?, Estou eu?) Vou are not Are you? He is not Is he? She is not Is she? Is it? It is not We are not Are we? Vou are not Are you? They are not . Are they?
OBSERVAÇÃO
1. Para se ter a forma negativa em inglês com os verbos auxiliares, basta colocar not (não) de pois do verbo. 2. Observe as duas formas negativas abreviadas do verbo to be no presente do indicativo: Contracted form (forma abreviada) I'm not You're not Vou aren't He isn't He's not She's not - 5he isn't It's not It isn't We're not We aren't You're not Vou aren't They aren't They're not
3. Na forma interrogativa, o verbo vem antes do sujeito: Vou are good. (affirmative form) Are you good? (interrogative form) Observe: Aren't r? (Forma irregular para interrogativa-negativa na 1ª pessoa do singular.)
FINITE ARTICLE - A - AN -i
~<"
~
~
.,1'.A teacher A doctor
A é usado no singular, diante de consoantes. Significa um, uma. AN é usado no singular, diante de vogal ou h mudo (h não pronunciado: an hour). Significa um, uma. A (AN) não tem plural.
ACTIVITIES Passe para a forma interrogativa:
b) He is not a singer.
a) You are a teacher. Are Vou a teacher? b) She is a secretary.
c) You are not a good friend.
c) It is an orange. d) It is not an orange. d) They are doctors. ;.,
---------------- e) We are good students.
e) They are not teachers.
f) You are well. f) Jane is not well today. g) He is late.
2. Passe para a forma negativa:
4. Escreva a diante de consoante e an diante de
a) He is a doctor.
vogal ou h mudo:
He is not a doctor. b) She is a painter.
a)
teacher
d)
apple
b)
elephant
e)
book
c)
hour
f)
, player
c) You are a good singer.
5. Complete a cruzadinha: ,
d) It is an apple.
professor ~
e) John is well. secretária f-----
3. Passe para a forma negativa abreviada: a) She is not a secretary. She isn't a secretary.
eles, elas f----
~ L--t---1I---''"""'""'1--l", um, uma
amigo I---- L...-L...-L...-L--L--L.....J
She's not a secretary.
9 @
"
,r,"
.3am At the bus statiol1
Knowledge ts ,...' (Saber é poder.)
Cl U
~
.s: Q.
..J
W
8
-
Excuse me. Is this seat free?
-
No, it is not, but you can sit on that one on the comer.
-
Thank you very much.
DEMONSTRATIVES THIS
é usado para pessoa, animal ou objeto que está perto.
This significa este, esta, isto. THAT é usado para pessoa, animal ou coisa que está longe. That significa aquele, aquela, aquilo.
ACTIVITlES
Veja o modelo e continue:
a) rose:
This is a rose.
b) tree:
tree i)
_
orange j)
_
c) car:
3. d) plane:
e)
Veja o modelo e continue: a) 19Qok/mm~azine:
This is ê E)(D9k and that is b) apple/orange:
boy:
íil
magazine.
f) girl:
c) dog/cat: g) pen:
h) peneil:
d) car/bus:
2. Observe o modelo, faça a pergunta e responda:
4.
book al What is this7 This is a book. house b)
_
apple c)
Leia e traduza:
Bob:
Good afternoon. How are you?
Jirn:
I'm fine, thanks.
Bob:
This is my fami1y. This is John, my brother.
_
This is my sister Carol. dog d)
RonaId, my father. And that is TeIma, my mother.
_
~
5.
table e)
_
Complete a cruzadinha:
mesa
~lássara
T r-
elephant f)
~
_
sorvete-
---C" I pen g)
_
magazine h)
_
I
10 maçã
árvore "- laran j a - caneta o'nibus--,
,.....:...
casa L....
--r
-
-
F~--====================::::::::::r:=\:::=--,
.L Q;tJi:làr~'
Experience is the mother of wlsdom. (A experiência ê a mãe da sabedoria.) -
.
c,
o
u
~
-'=
o..
-
What are those beautiful birds flying over the trees? Are they parrots?
-
Oh, yes! They are parrots. They are very _no!~y .birds. /'0 c' And these birds on the cows?
-
They are cowbirds.
-
Why are they on the cows?
Because they eat the larvas and insects that disturb the cows.
, ,:" ,,,
,,!
-' w
a:
o
u
DEMONSTRATIVES - THIS - THAT - THESE - THOSE Singular
Plural
•
•
This (este, esta, isto) That (aquele, aquela, aquilo)
These (estes, estas) Those (aqueles, aquelas)
PLURAL Of NOUNS Em geral, forma-se o plural dos substantivos, em inglês, acrescentando-se s ao singu lar: car, cars; book, books; bird, birds.
1.
Escreva no plural: a) boy:
t:.o. '
-
ACTIVITIES h) cat:
b) pen:
_
c) tree:
_
d) dog: _ _--'
_
e) house:
_
f) book: g) table:
_ ~
_
i) apple: _----...,
2.
_ _
Escreva as frases no plural. (Observe que o arti go the e o adjetivo ficam invariáveis). a) The boy is good.
The boys are good.
b) The apple is red.
4. Escreva as frases no singular e no plural. Siga (
c) The house is yellow.
-"-\..9'(,\
\Ç'L l
\~.L,
modelo:
(), '( '·'-tA_t. i, .. «(
I
d) The magazine is new.
a) an egg
J
--\~ ( . ( ) y q í?jfA 1:i-'''aR- -O ov,.Q
This is an egg. eggs These are eggs. b) a car
i ( 't:.
e) She is beautiful.
k~.(.,,;
.,
" .
cars
3. Escreva as frases no plural. (Observe que o arti
houses
go indefinido a, an desaparece no plural). a) This is a book.
d) a book
These are books.
That is a book. books Those are books. e) a plane
b) This is a beautiful flower. c) This is a new caro
~.:lL
n
1),
ç
(Y\9.J...t,i
Cn
' i . ,"
planes
d) That is a yellow bird. I '
'"
~L r .
REVIEW
1. Leia com atenção e traduza:
lobo: Mary, these are my friends Jane and Rose.
Mary: Hello, girls. I'm glad to meet you! And those people over there?
Jobn: Those people are my parents.
t".ary: And that boy and that girl over there? The boy is my brother and the girl is my sister. My sister is a teacher of English and my brother has a shop downtown.
7.
2. Escreva em inglês: a) Bom-dia:
_
~
b) Boa-tarde:
a-red-are this - am - is who is - color is
~_
c) Boa-noite
(ao chegar):
_
(ao despedir-se):
a)
_
d) Adeus:
d) I
3. Escreva as formas verbais abreviadas:
=
is =
e) We are
f) They are
g) Vou h)
_
=
this a cheeseburger?
f) The apple is
_
_
=
window. a dentist.
e)
_
c) He is
the chair?
c) That isn't
_
a) I am = I'm
b) Vou are =
is a hot dog.
b) What
_
e) Até amanhã:
d) She
Complete as frases com palavras do quadro:
8.
_
_ the secretary. Tim Foster?
Complete os espaços em branco traduzindo os pronomes demonstrativos: a) Aquele é meu melhor amigo.
4. Escreva no plural:
~
a) This girl is my friend.
is my best friend.
b) Esta é a casa onde moro. _____ is the house where I live in. c) Aqueles alunos são inteligentes.
b) That boy has a new caro
_____ students are smart. d) Este é um exercício fácil.
5.
a) He is
American singer.
b) She is
English painter.
c) I am d) This is e) We have
6.
_____ is an easy exercise.
Escreva a ou an:
f) Paul is Escreva no plural:
e) Estas pessoas são especiais. _____ people are special. f) Aquela
teacher.
_____ is a very fascinating woman.
orange. shop downtown.
é uma mulher muito fascinante.
9.
Escreva as frases no singular: a) These bracelets are expensive.
intelligent boy.
a) Hqw is she?
b) Are these your friends?
b) How is he?
c) Those churches are old.
c) I am well.
dI Are those good stores?
d) You're a singer.
e) These books are not interesting.
.~
í
Love
Forced love does not las1
(Amor forçado não dura.)
This picture shows a girl and a boy: Bob and Simone. They seem very happy. Simone loves Bob very much. Bob loves Simone, too. Bob has a good job. He is a young engineer and works for a big company. Simone is a secretary and works in an office. They plan to get married soon.
VERBS - SIMPLE PRESENT No presente do indicativo, os verbos em ingLês geraLmente seguem os modeLos abaixo: I Lave (eu amo) Vou Lave He laves She laves We Lave Vou Lave They Lave
I wish (eu desejo) Vou wish He wishes She wishes We wish Vou wish They wish
I pLay (eu jogo) Vou pLay He plays She plays We pLay Vou pLay They pLay
I study (eu estudo) Vou study , He studies She studies We study Vou study They study
I go (eu vou) Vou go He gaes She gaes We go Vou go They go
United we stand, divided we fall. (Unidos nós nos mantemos de pé;
divididos, nós caímos.)
OBSERVAÇÃO
, ~~r.almente OS verbos no presente do indicativo recebem um s na terceira a do singular (he loves, she works). Mas note-se o seguinte: Os verbos que terminam em s, sh, ch, o, x recebem es. que terminam em y precedido de vogal recebem apenas s. '$ue terminam em y precedido de consoante mudam o y por ies.
p_---===~================r:."']\r::/'·::':,!~i~
1. Escreva no singular:
g) She (seem - seems)
a) They play football. He plays football. b) They study History.
very happy.
3. Escreva em inglês: a) Simone ama Bob.
c) They dance well. b) Eles planejam casar logo.
d) They go to school. e) They wash the caro
c) Bob tem um bom emprego. f) They like musico
g) They watch televisíon.
d) A figura mostra duas garotas.
h) The students read books. e) Ela vai para
a escola.
i) The boys like apples. j) The birds fly in the sky.
4. Complete a frase de acordo com o pronome. Observe o modelo: a) I read a book.
k) lhe girls play the piano.
b) You
I) The students relax after class.
_
c) He
_
d) She
_
e) We
_
~~
f) You
g) They
2. Preencha os espaços com a forma verbal correta: a) We (Iike - likes)
sports.
b) She (plant - plants) c) The planes (fly - flies)
flowers in the garden.
d) The bus (reach - reaches) e) Mary (go - goes) f) The child (want - wants)
~_
5.
_
Leia em voz alta e traduza:
Love
Love is patient, love is kind. It is not proud. It is not rude, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. lt always protects, always trusts, al}"ays hopes, a'lwàys perseveres.
in the sky. the station. to the park.
L9yenever fails.
sweets.
From lhe Holy Bible - 1 Corinthians, 13.
(C~
W.
á. A trip
Good company on the road is the shortest way.
(Boa companhia na estrada faz o caminho mais curto.)
Jack: Hi, John! John: Hi, Jack!
Jack: Welcome back! How was your trip? John: Oh, it was fantastic! I had a wonderful time. Jack: Where were you? John: I was in Las Vegas, Miami Beach, Washington and New York.
PAST TENSE To be
Affirmative form
Interrogative form
Negative form
I was (era, estava) Vou were He was 5he was It was We were Vou were They were
Was I? Were you? Was he? Was she? Was it? Were we? Were you? Were they?
I was not Vou were not He was not 5he was not It was not We were not Vou were not They were not
•
•
•
I wasn't You weren't He wasn't 5he wasn't It wasn't We weren't You weren't They weren't
ACTIVITIES
1. Mude os verbos em negrito para o tempo passa do: a) John has an old house. John had an old house.
b) 1 am very tired.
f) It is there.
2. Escreva as frases no plural:
c) They are in Italy.
a) I was late. We were late.
b) She was beautiful.
d) Vou are sick.
c) I am here.
e) She is very beautiful.
d) She was well.
, 5. Treine seu vocabulário resolvendo a cruzadinha:
3. Passe para a forma negativa: a) We have an interesting book.
.1. viagem
5. tempo
We have not an interesting book. b) They were in the house.
2. capital dos EUA
6. onde
3. bem-vindo
7. maravilhoso
4. plural de was c) She was at school.
®
4. Passe para a forma interrogativa:
a) She was in Rio. Was she in Rio? b) They were good boys. c) You were sick.
7.
How many...
Success has many friends. (O sucesso tem muitos amigos.)
This is a weighing machine. It weighs things and people in grams and kilos.
This is a measuring tape.
This is a ruler.
Measuring tapes, meters and rulers are used to measure things in meters, centimeters and millimeters. Twin Towers of lhe World Trade Center.
1. one
2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
two three four five six 7. seven 8. eight 9. nine 10. ten 11. eleven 12. twelve 13. thirteen 14. fourteen 15. fifteen 16. sixteen
17. seventeen 18. eighteen 19. nineteen 20. twenty 21. twenty-one 22. twenty-two 23. twenty-three 30. thirty 31. thirty-one 40. forty 50. fifty 60. sixty 70. seventy 80. eighty 90. ninety 100. a hundred
105. 107. 120. 200. 201. 300. 310. 400. 425. 500. 540. 600. 700.
a hundred and five ou one hundred and five a hundred and seven a hundred and twenty two hundred two hundred and one three hundred three hundred and ten four hundred four hundred and twenty-five five hundred five hundred and forty six hundred OBSERVAÇÃO seven hundred 100. a hundred ou 800. eight hundred one hundred. Depois 900. nine hundred de hundred, use ando 1000. one thousand
.
ACTIVITIES 1. Now think and answer: a) How manv centimeters are there in a meter? centimeters. There are b) How manv millimeters are there in a centimeter? There are
Address:
_
Telephone number:
_
3. Escreva nas cruzadinhas os números por exten so em inglês:
millimeters. 16
c) How tall are vou?
11
12
17
Iam tall.
d) How much do vou weigh?
15
19
I weigh kilos. e) How high were the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York?
TheV were and _
meters high.
f) How high is Mount Everest in Nepal, Asia?
14 L...-L...-L...-L...-L...-L...-1--1---1
13 L...-L...-L...-L...-L...-L...-L...-L..-..I
2.
70
Make vour personal card indicating: Your first name:
_
Your surname:
_
90
50
Age:
_
Height:
_
Weight:
60
80
100
_
10
40 L...-L...-L...-L...-I-J
c9.
d
" Time t5 morteJ.::' (Tempo é dinheiro.)
What 'time is it?
It's seven o'clock now.
JAC.K! JACK! GET UP/ 1T'5 5EVEN OI CLOCl(j
JACI
Time flies. (O tempo voa.)
/
Observe como dizemos as horas exatas em inglês:
It' 5 two o'clock.
It' 5 five o'clock.
11'5 seven o'clock.
Agora, observe as maneiras de dizer as horas e os minutos:
It's fifteen past seven. It's a quarter past seven. 11'5 seven fifteen.
It's twenty-five past seven. It's seven twenty-five.
It's half past seven. It's seven thirty.
11'5 twenty-five to eight. It's seven thirty-five.
It's twenty to eight. It' 5 seve n fo rty.
It's a quarter to eight. 11'5 seven forty-five.
~.
ACTIVITIES
i'0. ~
1. Observe os relógios e escreva a pergunta e as respostas, como no modelo:
What time is iH l1's five past seven.
a)
l1's seven five.
j)
bl~
~ c)
d)GJ12
I)
1
2
9
I'... 6 5
m)
e)
2. f)
Reescreva a frase, completando-a com a hora por extenso: a) I get up at (6:00): b) I have breakfast at (7:00):
91
8
c} 1 have lunch at (11 :30r:
6 5
h)
d) I have dinner at (8: 15):
e) I go to bed at (11 :45):
~~TI What can vou see in the picture?
There i5 no place like home. (Não existe lugar como o lar.)
Cl Ü
~
.t::.
ll ...J
W
a:
o
ü
I can see a large room with a very long table surrounded by many comfortable arm chairs. On the long table there are four ashtrays. - And what can you see in the background of the room? I can see a vase of fIowers on a little table. It is near the long table. In the background I can also see two different rooms with sofas, chairs, little tables, vases and a table lamp. And on the walls there are three different pictures.
Affirmative and interrogative form
~
Observe these sentences: 1) There is a flower in the vase. 2) There are pictures on the wall. 3) Are there chairs around the table?
Present tense ~ 'rhere is = há (singular) There are = há (plural) Past tense
~
There is a bird. There are birds.
There was = havia (singular) There were = havia (plural)
Interrogative form ~ Is there ... ? Are there .,. ? Was there ? Were there ?
Há Há Havia Havia
There was a b"ird. There were birds.
? (singular) ? (plural) .. , ? (singular) ... ? (plural)
Where there i5 a will, there i5 a way. (Onde há uma vontade, há um caminho.)
ACTIVITIES
"
. 1.
2
3
Escreva there is ou there are: a)
a bus on the comer.
b)
a yellow car.
c)
many birds.
d)
roses in the garden.
e)
four girls playing.
5.
are cars in the street. . a) There Are there cars in the street7
b) There was a plane in the sky.
c) There are girls playing in the park.
d) There were roses in the garden.
Escreva there was ou there were:
a)
a rose in the vase.
b)
roses in the vase.
c)
a boy in the street.
d)
a yellow house.
e)
birds on the wire.
6. Traduza as frases: a) There are many birds on the wire. b) You can also see some cats. c) I can see many things.
Escreva as frases no plural:
a) There is a rose in the vase.
There are roses in the vases.
b) There is a flower in the garden.
c) There is a boy in the caro d) There was a bird on the wire.
e) There was a girl in the street.
Passe as frases para a forma interrogativa:
7.
Escreva em inglês: a) Quantos quadros há na parede? Há três quadros.
b) Quantos vasos de flores há na sala?
Há um vaso de flores.
f) There is a blue car in the street.
8. Leia em voz alta e traduza oralmente. )
4
Escreva as frases no tempo passado: a) There is a red rose in the vase.
There was a red rose in the vase. b) There are many pictures in this book. c) There is a bus on the comer. d) There are dogs in the garden.
e) There are boys playing football.
Telephoning (Wrong number)
A - HelIo! This is Janet. Can I speak to
Paul? B - Paul???! There is no Paul here! A - Please, what's your telephone number? B - My telephone number is 1 2 5 O 7. (one, two, five, zero, seven) A - Isn't it number 1 2 6 O 7? (one, two, six, zero, seven)
B - No, it's number 1 2 5 O 7.
A - I'm sotry! Excuse me...
B - O.K.
Jtl An interview -
One is never too old to
learn.
(Nunca se é velho demais
para aprender.)
How oId are you, Iady? I' m 80 years oId. Oh, are you oId! OId? No! My mother is 99 years oId. And you? How oId are you? I'm 35. OnIy that? You are still a child! Oh, thank you, grandmother!
-
Cl
U
Jg
.r::: CL. ..J
W
a:
8
HOW OlO••• • Empregamos a expressão how old para perguntar a idade de aLguém. How old are you? (Quantos anos você tem? - Qual é a sua idade?) How old i5 5he? (Quantos anos ela tem? - Qual é a idade dela?) How old are they? (Quantos anos eles têm - QuaL é a idade deles?) • E se responde assim: I am twenty year5 old ou I am twenty. (Tenho vinte anos). 5he i5 fifteen year5 old ou 5he i5 fifteen. (ELa tem quinze anos).
HOW MUCH ••• HOW MANY••• Emprega-se a expressão how much para se perguntar a quantidade em geral de coisas que não costumamos contar, como água, tempo, etc. How much time? (Quanto tempo?) How much water? (Que quantidade de água?) How much sugar? (Quanto açúcar?) A expressão how many emprega-se com elementos contáveis: How many books? (Quantos Livros?) ttow many people? (Quantas pessoas?)
ACTIVITIES 1.
Observe a figura e escreva as idades corretamente: • • • • •
I I I I I
am am am am am
four. seven. eleven. fourteen . eighteen.
• I am twenty.
In wine there is truth. (In vino ventas: no vinho há verdade.)
c
2. Siga o modelo:
e) Are Ted and Bob old?
a) How old are vou? (10):
I am ten years old. b) How old are they? (12):
4. Escreva much ou many: a) Is there
water in the cup?
b) There are
c) How old is she? (20):
eggs in the refrigerator.
c) Were there
books on the table?
d) There was not d) How old is he? (19):
e) How old are vou? (15):
time to study.
e) How
people can Vou see?
f) How
coffee is there in the cup?
5. Escreva em inglês: a) Quantos anos você tem?
b) Há muito café na xícara?
f) How old are vou? (40):
c) Eu tenho vinte anos. g) How old is Mary? (25):
d) Meu avô é muito velho.
e) Maria é muito jovem? h) How old is Peter? (27):
6.
3. Siga o modelo: a) Is Paul old?
Escreva as horas por extenso: a) 7:00
_
b) 9:15
_
No, he is not old.
He is very young.
7. Treine seu vocabulário resolvendo a cruzadinha:
b) Is Mary old? dinheiro
~lhO~
c) Is Peter old?
livros I
bom f--
,...
~
jovem
d) Are Paul and Ann old?
T
mãe
muito
r-
I
O I t-
:!....Q: anos
I I
I
I ela ~ I I t '-
ainda
I
REVIEW
1. Leia com atenção e traduza.
I have many friends: Mary, Alfred, John, Rose, Robert and Susan. They seem very happy and they like me very much. They are young. Mary is twenty years old, Alfred, John and Rose are nineteen, Robert and Susan are twenty-one. They study in a big university. Mary and Alfred study Medicine. Rose studies English. Susan and Robert study History. John wants to study Medicine... but he has not money. My friends work for a big company downtown. I wish success to my friends.
Times change.
(Os tempos mudam.)
2. Conjugue o verbo to love no presente do indicativo:
4.
Conjugue o verbo to be no tempo passado:
5.
Escreva no plural:
I love
3.
Agora. conjuge o verbo to 90:
a) I am a happy boy. b) She was a beautiful girl. c) He likes my friend. d) You are an engineer.
~6
\ '~::.
~ Imperative
Never judge by appearances.
(Não julgue pelas aparências.)
'OON 'T SPEA/< ALOUD!
o imperativo
provém do infinitivo. Basta suprimir a partícula to, indicadora de infinitivo, para se obter o imperativo. to stop = parar Stop! = Pare! to come = vir Come! = Venha! Emprega-se o modo imperativo para expressar or dem, pedido, conselho, proibição. 1. Ordem: Get out! (Retire-se! Saia!) 2. Pedido: Come with me. (Venha comigo.) 3. Conselho ou pedido: Drive slowly. (Dirija devagar.) 4. Proibição: Don't smoke! (Não fume!)
A forma let (let's ou let us) é usada para expres sar convite ou pedido. Let's read the lesson! (Vamos ler a lição!) Let's go to the beach! (Vamos à praia!) Negative form Obtém-se o imperativo negativo antepondo-se ao verbo a negação don't (do not). Run! (Corra!) Don't run! (Não corra!) Imperative with please Para se abrandar a dureza de uma ordem ou para se fazer um pedido de uma maneira delicada, polida, usa-se a palavra please, no começo ou no fim da frase. Shut the door, please. (Feche a porta, por favor.) Please speak aloud! (Por favor, fale alto!)
ACTIVITIES
1.
• e) to get up (levantar)
Escreva as frases de acordo com as figuras: a) b) c) d)
Get out! Come in, please. Shut the window! Don't smoke!
f) to stand up (ficar de pé) g) to go there (ir lá) h) to read on page 10 (ler à pág. 10)
3.
Passe para o imperativo negativo: a) Go there!
Don't 90 there! b) Smoke here!
'\
,J:
~
:"!
.
. .~:. :0~
,~
~L~5> . / . '
" " e
c) Eat now!
·f'.<1···········.Ai ,.. . . . •. . .
" '
d) Write on the wall! e) Speak aloud! f) Sit down! g) Open the window! h) Pay the bill!
4.
Use a palavra please no começo ou no fim das frases: a) Come in!
2.
Passe os verbos do infinitivo para a forma impe rativa: a) to get out (sair) Get out! (Saia!)
Come in, please! Please come in! b) Stand up!
b) to shut the door (fechar a porta)
c) Sit down!
c) to come back (voltar)
d) Don't smoke!
d) to come in (entrar)
e) Drive slowly!
(@.
t2. What is Jack doing?
Jack is not a lazy boy.
He is getting up now.
He gets up early every day.
Jack likes to play football.
He is playing football with
Bob and Jim.
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Jack sleeps late every day. Jack dorme tarde todos os dias.
Jack is sleeping now.
Jack está dormindo agora.
Jack plays footbaLL every day. Jack joga futebol todos os dias.
Jack is playing footbaLL now.
Jack está jogando futebol agora.
•
• o simple
present (presente simples) indica uma ação que se faz costumeiramente, que se repete nor malmente.
Já o present continuous (presente contínuo) in dica uma ação que se está fazendo agora, que come çou e continua ainda neste momento.
Observe a conjugação do verbo to sleep (dormir) no presente simples:
Observe a conjugação do mesmo verbo no presen te contínuo:
SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
PRESENT CONTlNUOUS TENSE
I sleep
Vou sleep
He sleeps
She sleeps
It sleeps
We sleep
Vou sleep
They sleep
I am sleeping
Vou are sleeping
He is sleeping
5he is sleeping
It is sleeping
We are sleeping
Vou are sleeping
They are sleeping
Muitas vezes o simple present vem acompanhado dos advérbios usually, generally, always ...
b.
O present continuous é formado pelo verbo to be (verbo estar) no presente + o gerúndio do verbo principaL.
ACTIVITIES
1.
Mude para o gerúndio. Siga o modelo:
g) You are dancing well.
a) to read: reading b) to teach: c) to go:
2.
_
d) to look:
_
e) to study:
_
f) to build:
_
Mude para o presente contínuo: a) She drinks water. She is drinking water. b) I read a book. I am reading a book. c) She paints well. d) I eat an apple. e) I go to school. f)
h) He is reading a newspaper.
4. Mude para o presente simples: a) I am studying History now. I study History every day. b) I am drinking milk now.
c) I am playing tennis now.
d) I am going to school now.
e) I am eating rice now.
f) She is writing a letter now.
They study History.
g) He teaches English.
3.
_
Mude para o plural: a) I am studying History. We are studying History. b) I am playing tennis. c) I am drinking milk.
g) She is helping me now.
5. Escreva os gerúndios em inglês: trabalhando
beben~
lendo
It----=;T
-----c
pintando
I
~ lr~-+---r---.
dançando
.-;--;---,--t-;--,--,
d) She is working. e) He is going to school.
índol-I- L...-'--'--'--..........
f) She is helping me. When ali men speak, no man hears.
(Ouando todos falam, ninguém escuta.)
Actiol1S
What are they doing?
,:)~
...
11
......
...
Responda, de acordo com a figura: 1. What is Paul doing?
He is kicking a ball.
2. What is Jeff doing?
He
3. What is Jane doing?
She
a ball.
4. What is Mary doing?
She
a ball.
5. What is Bob doing?
He
6. What is Meg doing?
She
a pail.
7. What is Betty doing?
She
under a rope.
8. What is Joe doing?
He
9. What is Mark doing?
He
_
10. What is Peter doing?
He
_
a ball.
~
a ball.
over a rape.
.®
14. My office (
I am in my office. It is very large. We can see four new tables in it and a basket under a table. There are computers on two tables. There are a telephone and a fax on another table. There is a map on the wall. There are books and papers on the tables and many pencils in a box. Jane and Monica are talking about a letter. I aro talking about business with Mr. Peterson. We are near the door.
PREPOSITIONS Observe o emprego de aLgumas preposições em ingLês: in: em, dentro de
There are penciLs in a box. (Há Lápis dentro de uma caixa).
on: sobre, em cima
There are papers on the tabLes. (Há papéis sobre as mesas).
under: sob, embaixo
There is a basket under a tabLe. (Há um cesto embaixo de uma mesa).
with: com
I am in a roam with my friends. (Estou numa saLa com meus amigos).
about: sobre, a respeito de
We are taLking about bus;ness. (Estamos conversando a respeito de negócios).
near: perto
Mr. Peterson ;s near the door. (O Sr. Peterson está perto da porta).
of: de
This is a book of EngLish. (Este é um Livro de ingLês).
to: para
I am going to schooL. (Estou indo para a escoLa).
We are all slaves of opinions. (Nós somos todos escravos de opiniões.)
ACTIVITIES
1. Observe a indicação das flechas e escreva in, on ou under:
e) There are people in the room.
f) Peter is talking about Vou.
a)
g) Mr. Peterson is near the door.
h) TheV are going with Vou.
b) i) You are going to the park.
3.
Escreva em inglês: a) Onde está o carro?
c)
Where is the car7 Ele está perto da casa. It is near the house. b) Onde estão os livros?
d) Eles estão sobre a mesa.
c) Onde estão as mesas?
e)
Elas estão no escritório.
d) Estou na sala com meus amigos.
f)
e) Estou lendo um livro de inglês.
f) Estamos conversando sobre negócios.
4. Escreva as preposições em inglês: 2. Escreva na forma interrogativa:
embaixo
com
Is there a cat under the table7 b) There is a pencil in the box.
andeI-
c) There is a bird on the tree.
L
~
a) There is a cat under the table.
em I-
perto
!'""""""1---r---r---r--r-...,
Ide
I--+-+-"'---+--+-~-r-""T""""
a respeito de
d) There are girls in the park. Out of sight, out of mind.
(Longe dos oLhos, Longe do coração.)
....
JáCan... Cannot
I am Jane. I can swim very well.
VERB
CAJt,._.
Who cannot obey, cannot command. (Quem não sabe obedecer, não sabe mand
Look at Lucy. She can't swim. She is crying out: "Help! Help!"
I am Bob. My leg is broken. I cannot walk.
,
_
Can é um verbo auxiliar e defectivo. Significa poder, no sentido de capacidade nsica ou mental. Não recebe s na 3ª pessoa do singular do presente do indicativo. Present tense I
•
Vou He She It We Vou They
can can can can can can can can
Past tense I
•
Vou He She It
We Vou They
could coul.d coul.d coul.d could could could could
Negative form
•
Can possui duas formas negativas: cannot can't A forma negativa de could é could not ou couldn't.
OBSERVAÇÃO
o
verbo can pode indicar:
1. Capacidade física:
I can walk. Eu posso caminhar.
2. Capacidade mental: I can think. Eu posso pensar. 3. Capacidade moral:
I can love. Eu posso amar. He could come today. Ele podia vir hoje.
5. No inglês moderno can é freqüentemente em pregado no lugar de may (poder) para denotar permissão, licença: Vou can go = Vou may go. Você pode ir. 6. Could pode indicar uma solicitação polida: Could you tell me the time? Você poderia me dizer as horas? 7. Can é um verbo defectivo porque não possui algumas formas verbais como imperativo, futu ro, etc.
ACTIVITIES
1. Responda às perguntas, usando as seguintes
3. Escreva as frases na forma negativa por extenso e abreviada:
respostas:
I ean write.
I ean toueh.
I ean speak.
I ean hear.
I ean eat.
I ean work.
I ean see.
I ean smell.
'a) I can walk.
I cannot walk. I can't walk. b) I can see well.
a) What can vou do with vour hands?
c) I could work in the morning.
d) She can drink hot coffee. b) What can vou do with vour mouth?
e) He could swim in the river. c) What can vou do with vour eves?
d) What can vou do with vour nose?
4.
Escreva na forma interrogativa: a) You can hear me.
e) What can vou do with)vour ears?
b) You can see that bird. 2.
Mude as frases para o tempo passado: a) I can help vou.
c) TheV could do the exercise.
I could help vou. b) You can speak aloud.
c) She can get up ear1v.
d) You can drive slowlV.
e) You can come back ear1v.
f) TheV can get a lot of monev.
g) You can't drive the caro
h) Can Vou hear me?
d) She can work as a cook.
5.
Substitua can por may: a) Can I gol
May I g01 b) Can I read this book? c) Can I help vou? d) Can I enter the house?
Já. Why? Because... WHY ARE VOU WORKING?
While there is life there 15 hope.· (Enquanto houver vida, há espera
WHY ARE VOU RUNNING AWAY? BECAUSE IAM NOT WELL TODAY. ..
WHY? ~EÇ.~U S~!"~.~ Quando queremos perguntar para saber a causa, o motivo de algo, usamos a palavra why. Para responder, empregamos because.
ACTIVITIES 1.
Leia e traduza.
DIALOGUE
John:
Why are you studying?
Robert: I am studying because I like it. I want to get a good job and be a great man in the future.
John:
I am glad to hear that from you. I wish you success in your life.
2.
Relacione as perguntas às respostas: a) Why are they running?
•
•
b) Why are Vou so happy?
•
• Because they are late.
c) Why is the boy crying?
•
•
Because he is hungry.
Because today is my birthday.
d) Why are vou so happy? My team is winning the game.
Responda às perguntas abaixo, seguindo o mo
de/o; . ~
j~
~ Why are vou running? I am late.
}, I am running because I am late. ti) Why is the boy crying? He is hungry. e) Why is the boy going to get the book? He wants to read it.
c) Why are vou taking your umbrella? It is raining.
REVIEW
1.
Leia em voz alta e traduza.
;l\yelyn, a beautifuI gir!, is twenty years oId. ~. a secretary and works in a big office near st8.tí.on downtown. Evelyn has many good friends. Now she is going to the office with a friend. y are taIking about many things: job, business, rts, studies, etc. They live near their office and reach it in seven ·nutes.
2.
d) They dance well.
Escreva no imperativo negativo: a) Smoke here. 4.
Veja a figura e responda:
b) Open the window. c) Shut the door. d) Speak aloud. 3.
a) What is he doing?
Mude para o presente contínuo: a) She drinks water. b) I go to school. c) He teaches English.
b) What is she doing?
JZ. An interview
Boy: Dentist: Boy: Dentist: Boy: Dentist: Boy: Dentist:
Who are you?
I am John Baker.
What are you?
I aro a dentist.
How oId are you?
I am forty years oId.
And where is your office?
It's near my house.
I have many clients.
Boy: And how much is a filling?
Dentist: It costs five dollars.
Boy: It's not expensive. It's cheap.
Why is your price so Iow?
Dentist: Because peopIe can't pay more.
They are not rich. They are poor.
INTERROGATIVE WORDS
1. Who: Quem
Who is that man? (Quem é aquele homem?) Who are those people? (Quem são aquelas pessoas?) Who wants to drink coffee? (Quem deseja tomar café?) 2. What: O que, quaL (empregado também para perguntar sobre profissão ou cargo). What is she? She is a secretary. (O que é ela? ELa é uma secretária.) What's your name? My name is Bob. (Qual é seu nome? Meu nome é Bob.) What is that? (O que é aquilo?) 3. Where: Onde Where's the book? !t's on the table. (Onde está o livro? Está sobre a mesa.) Where are you? (Onde está você?) 4. How: Como How are you? (Como vai você?) How is your father? (Como vai seu pai?) 5. How oLd are you? I'm twenty. (Que idade você tem? Eu tenho vinte.) How oLd is she? She's fifteen years old. (Que idade ela tem? ELa tem quinze anos.) 6. How many: Quantos, quantas How many birds can you see? (Quantos pássaros você pode ver?) 7. How much: Quanto How much is it? (Quanto custa?) 8. Why: Por que... ? Why are you sad? (Por que você está triste?)
Who lives by hope die by hunger. (Quem vive de esperança morre de fome.)
ACTIVITIES
1. Traduza as seguintes perguntas:
3. •
Formule as perguntas de acordo com as respostas: a)
_
MV name is John Baxter. b)
_
I am a doctor.
f:
c)
c) How old are vou?
_
I am fortv-five vears old. d) Where is vour book?
d)
_
MV book is on the table. e) How much is it?
e)
_
I have ten pencils. f) How are vou?
4.
Preencha os espaços com as palavras interroga tivas adequadas:
2.
Dê respostas para as seguintes perguntas:
a)
a) Who are vou?
is mv pen?
It is in the drawer.
b) b) What are vou?
is a filling?
It costs ten dollars.
c) c) How old are vou?
is the babV crving? Because he is not well.
d) Where is vour book?
d)
old are Vou?
e)
is this?
f)
are vou?
e) How much is this watch?
5.
Escreva em inglês:
f) How are vou?
a) Ela é uma secretária.
g) WhV are vou working?
b) Eu tenho vinte e dois anos.
h) What is vour na me ?
c) Quem são aquelas pessoas?
i) How old is vour father?
d) Quanto é uma obturação?
18.
To save money
Bad news travels fast.
(Notícia ruim anda
Tourists love to buy souvenirs everywhere they go.
Things are very expensive today.
It's very difficult to get money but. .. it's very easy to spend it.
We must save money and buy only what is necessary.
PREPOSITIONS To:
para (indica movimento para algum lugar). He is going to the shop. (ELe está indo para a loja).
From: de, desde (indica movimento de algum lugar para outro e origem).
He is coming from the shop. (ELe está vindo da loja).
Perfume from Paris. (Perfume de Paris).
depres~.)'
ACTIVITIES
1. Complete com to ou from: a) We are coming
2.
school?
c) I have some perfume
the door.
e) I am glad to hear that
3.
c) He is absent from c1ass.
vou.
f) She is taking a book
h) Don't go
b) She is coming from the shop.
France.
d) The cat is running
g) Please, go
.a) TheV are going to the c1ub.
the park.
b) Are vou going
Escreva no passado:
the table.
d) We are talking about wine from Italv.
the door. the station.
Observe os modelos com as expressões de sentidos opostos going to e coming from e continue: a) Alain/painter/Paris Alain is a painter. He is going to Paris.
~
Alain is a painter. He is coming from Paris.
b) Joaquim/baker/Lisbon
c) Leila/ltalian/Rome.
d) François/French/Paris.
4.
5. Treine seu vocabulário, resolvendo a cruzadinha:
Escreva em inglês:
a) As coisas estão muito caras.
coisas
I
ganhar, consegu~
I
b) É difícil ganhar dinheiro.
francês
. mUito
---r
U""""'---+-+""""
italiano~
c) É muito fácil gastar dinheiro.
hoje I ..............................'---''---'
d) Nós devemos economizar dinheiro. What soberness conceaLs, drunkeness reveaLs.
(O que a sobriedade disfarça, a bebedeira revela.) ;'
,
;~
~Seasons
Winter is a cold season.
Autumn (or fall) is the season offruit. In autumn the leaves fall from the trees.
SEASONS There are four seasons in a year: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring is the season of flowers. In summer it is hol. We go to the beach. Autumn is the season of fruil. The wind blows and the leaves fall from the trees. Winter is a cold season. It snows.
MONTHS There are twelve months in a year. The names of the months are not difficull. The number of the days in every month is not the same. For example: There are 31 days in January, 28 or 29 in February, 30 in April and so on. There are ten months in a school year. January and July are vacation months. Boys and girls spend these months in vacation places.
MONTHS
ORDINAL NUMBERS
There are tweLve months in a year: January February March AprH May June JuLy August September October November December
1º - first
2º 3º 4º 5º 6º 7º 8º 9º lOº
-
second th"ird fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth
Love me little, but love me long. (Ame-me pouco, mas por muito tempo.)
~,";', "Co',mplete: .YI~
i) How many days are there in January?
OF "
a} The first month of the year is
b) The second month
j) How many days are there in February?
IS
c) The third month is
3. d) The fourth month is
1. agosto 2. janeiro 3. fevereiro 4. novembro 5. dezembro 6. junho 7. março 8. maio 9. abril 10. julho 11. outubro 12. setembro
e} The fifth month is
f) The sixth month is
2.
Responda às perguntas: a} What are the seasons of the year? The seasons of
Complete a cruzada com os nomes dos meses:
-----------
b) What is the hot season of the year?
10 12
6 7
c} What is the cold season of the year?
1
8
9
L.--1--1-...1.--I--I-....J
2
3
11
d) What is the season of flowers?
e} What is the season of fruit?
f} How many months are there in a year?
4.
Complete as frases: a) Spring is the season of b)
g} How many months are there in the school year?
_
is the hot season.
c) The season of fruit is
_
d) Winter is a
season.
e) The number of the days in every h) What are the vacation months?
is not the f) January and July are months.
_
_ _
r .20.
,,
Dates
It is love that makes the world 90 round. (É o amor que faz o mundo girar.)
Alice: What day is today? Mary: Today is Friday. Alice: Are you sure? Mary: Yes, yesterday was Thursday. Today is Friday, December seventh. My birthday! Alice: Congratulations and my best wishes!
Nas datas, o inglês usa uma ordem diferente da do português para os dias e os meses. Observe: Diana was bom on July 7, 1972. Diana was bom on July seventh, nineteen seventy-two. Diana nasceu no dia 7 de julho de 1972. Porém, quando o ano for omitido, escreve-se o dia em ordinaL. John was bom on January 7th. He was bom on January seventh. Ele nasceu no dia sete de janeiro.
OBSERVAÇÃO
1. A maneira de se ler os anos é a seguinte: lêem-se primeiramente os dois algarismos iniciais e depois os dois últimos: 1982: nineteen eighty-two.
2. Cabeçalho de cartas: normalmente, adota-se a seguinte ordem em inglês:
São Paulo, January 17th, 1982.
São Paulo, seventeenth January, nineteen eighty-two.
São Paulo, 17 de janeiro de 1982.
3. Os dias da semana escrevem-se com inicial maiúscula.
,
DAYS Of lHE WEEK
MORE ORDINAL NUMBERS 11º 12º 13º 14º 15º 16º 17º 18º
There are seven days in a week: Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday
-
eleventh twelfth thirteenth fourteenth fifteenth sixteenth seventeenth eighteenth
19º - nineteenth 20º - twentieth 21 11 - twenty-first 22 11 - twenty-second 23 11 - twenty-third 3011 - thirtieth 40 11 - fortieth 50º - fiftieth
ACTIVITIES 1. Responda às perguntas:
3.
a) What day is today? (Monday)
Faça frases, seguindo a ordem dos dias da se mana e do mês. Observe o modelo: a) Today is Sunday, May first.
Today is Monday. b) What day is today? (Tuesday)
b) Today is Monday, May second. c)
c) What day is today? (Wednesday)
d) e)
d) What day is today? (Thursday)
f)
e) What day is today? (Friday)
g)
4. f) What day is today? (Saturday)
Escreva os anos por extenso: a) 1942: Nineteen forty-two b) 1965:
g) What day is today? (Sunday)
c) 1974:
2.
Complete as frases. Observe o modelo: a) Today is Sunday.
Vesterday was Saturday. b) Today is Monday. Vesterday was Sunday. c) Today is Tuesday. d) Today is Wednesday.
d) 1981:
5.
Responda às perguntas. Observe o modelo: a) When were vou bom? (7/5/72)
I was born on May 7, 1972. b) When were vou bom? (10/8/1960)
c) When were vou bom? (9/12/1968)
e) Today is Thursday.
d) When were vou bom? (22/11/1975)
f) Today is Friday.
e) When were Vou bom? (4/1/76)
g) Today is Saturday.
e) When were vou bom? (5/7/87)
2t Where are they from1
WHERE ARE YOU FROM?
Joe: Where are you fram?
Peter: I am fram São Paulo, a large city in Brazil.
Joe: Is it a beautiful city?
Peter: I think it is. I was bom there.
Joe: Are you planning to stay here a long time?
Peter: No, I am visiting your country for a short time.
I must return because I have an important date next week in Brazil.
Appearances aften dece;ve.
These tourists are from different countries. They are walking in a big park.
Essas preposições são usadas nos seguintes casos:
in
anos: I was bom in 1965.
meses: I was bom in May.
paises: I was bom in Brazil.
estados: I was bom in Paraná.
cidades: I was bom in Fortaleza.
dias da semana: I was bom on a Sunday.
datas: I was bom on May 7, 1967.
ruas: I was bom on Columbia Street.
horas: The baby was bom at 10 o'clock.
n~ de ruas: I tive at 77 Columbia Street.
for { from {
<1.:~"
(As aparêndas freqüentemente enganam.)
Indica duração de tempo: I am visiting your country for a short time. (Eu estou visitando seu país por um curto espaço de tempo.) Indica origem: I come from Brazil. (Eu venho do Brasil.) Cheese and butter come from milk. (O queijo e a manteiga vêm do leite.)
n
lum on the left.1Vire à esquerda.)
Pode indicar posição dentro de uma área:
lum on the Iight:':{Acenda a luz.)
lhe ball is in the box.
--==
(A bola está dentro da caixa.)
l
At
,Pode também ser usado para indicar um espaço de
Aempo delimitado:
Pode indicar presença ou proximidade:
He is.-ll school. (Ele está..ng escola.)
He is at the door. (Ele está à porta.)
I must finish my exercise in five minutes.
(Eu preciso terminar meu exercício em 5 minutos.)
É usado também em expressões como:
at first: primeiramente
On
Pode indicar posição de contato com uma superfície:
lhe book is on the table. (O livro está sobre a mesa.)
at last: finalmente
at the end: no fim
at fuI! speed: a toda velocidade
É também usado em expressões idiomáticas como:
at once: imediatamente
Go on! (Continue!)
at least: pelo menos
Put on your hat. (Coloque seu chapéu.)
at present: atualmente
lum on the right. (Vire à direita.)
at home: em casa (in the house)
ACTIVITIES 1. Siga o modelo, escrevendo as preposlçoes on, in, at de acordo com as frases: a) I was bom in 1964. b) I was bom
ctt
c) I was bom
May. a Sunday.
CZe
March 7th.
e) I was born
Q;Y\
7 o'clock.
f) I was bom
.JJv\
Brazil.
).Jf\.
h) I was bom
>
i) I was bom
j) He goes to Rio k) He goes to Rio I) He goes to Rio
m) He goes to Rio n) He goes to Rio
Aro
Preencha os espaços com as preposições in, on, at: a) My birthday is
d) I was bom
g) I was bom
2.
June 2nd.
b) lhe lesson starts _ _ _ 10.
7 o'clock and ends
c) He lives 44 Sun Street but works _ _ _ Madison Avenue. d) lhe Independence Day of Brazil September 7th.
IS
Salvador. Florida Street.
e) lhe Independence Day of the United States is _ _ _ July 4th.
65 Florida Street.
f) I get up
,iN\.
1983.
six and go to work
seven.
a Monday.
g) We go to school
January.
h) I go to the movies
January 4th. 7 o'clock.
_
i)
We have breakfast 12 and dinner
Mondays. Sundays. 7, lunch 8 o'clock.
_
r I
,2,2.
Running after the hats
Every man has his price. (Todo homem tem seu preço.)
I
LOOK! OVER THERE!
OUR HATS! THE WIND IS TAKING AWAY OUR HATS!
POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVES
my your his her its our your
-
meu, minha, meus, minhas seu, sua, teu, tua, seus, suas, teus, tuas dele, seu, sua, seus, suas dela, seu, sua, seus, suas dele, dela (neutro) nosso, nossa, nossos, nossas seu, sua, vosso, vossa, seus, suas, vos sos, vossas their - deles, delas His name is Paul. His refere-se a uma pessoa do sexo masculino. Her name is Mary. Her refere-se a uma pessoa do sexo feminino.
OBSERVAÇÃO
Os adjetivos possessivos his e her variam de acordo com o possuidor e não com a coisa pos suída. Peter has a caro His car is red. (Pedro tem um carro. Seu carro é vermelho.) Mary has a caro Her car is blue. (Maria tem um carro. Seu carro é azul.)
ACTIVITIES
1. Escreva his ou her:
4.
a) Jane has a caro
Complete as frases usando o adjetivo its:
o
Her car is blue.
adjetivo possessivo its refere-se a uma
coisa ou a um animal.
b) Paul has a bike.
a) This is a giraffe.
_ _ _ _ bike is red.
(neck -
e) Fred has a house.
long)
Its neck is long.
_ _ _ _ house is new. d) Meg has a ball.
b) This is a ball.
(color -
_ _ _ _ ball is yellow.
red)
e) Lucy has a book.
_ _ _ _ book is interesting.
2.
c) This is a pig.
(legs -
Preencha os espaços com his ou her:
short)
a) Mary is studying her lesson. b) John is studying
d) This is a donkey.
lesson.
(ears c) Betty is reading d) Jeff is reading
magazine. newspaper.
e) Meg is dancing with
friend.
f) Fred is dancing with
friend.
g) Albert is driving
j) He is writing
3.
e) This is monkey.
(ears -
car.
h) Monica is driving i) She is writing
long)
5.
caro
Our blouses are red. b) This is my house.
name.
name is George.
I)
name is Patricia.
Escreva no plural: a) My blouse is red.
name.
k)
short)
c) My car is c1ean.
Escreva as frases no plural:
d) Open your book.
a) His book is on the table. Their books are on the table. e) Write your name.
b) Her pencil is in the bago _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in the bago
f) That is his friend.
c) He is playing with his friend. _ _ _ _ _ _ playing with d) She is writing to her friend.
_ g) His hat is blue.
ACTIVITIES
1. Observe o modelo e responda:
c) Where is your mother?
a) My house is blue, and yours? (red)
(is at home/his is working)
Mine is red. b) My car is yellow, and yours? (green)
c) My name is Jane, and yours? (Daisy)
d) Where is your friend?
(at school/hers is traveling)
d) My book is blue, and hers? (red)
e) My teacher is English, and his? (American)
4.
f) Our ball is red, and theirs? (yellow)
Preencha a cruzadinha com pronomes posses sivos: 1. deles
2. Observe o modelo e faça:
2. vossos, teus
a) My coat is black. Your coat is blue.
My coat is black and yours is blue.
3. nosso, nossos
b) My tie is red. Your tie is green.
4. dele (homem)
5 6
5. meu 6. dela (mulher)
c) My pants are blue. Your pants are brown.
4
d) My shoes are black. Your shoes are black too.
e) My shirt is white. Your shirt is white too.
5.
Complete as sentenças com adjetivos posses sivos ou pronomes possessivos: a) Barbara likes _ _ _ _ _ _ teachers. Do vou like
3. Responda de acordo com o modelo: a) Where is your car?
?
b) I have a beautiful house.
(in the garage/his over there)
house is white but
My car is in the garage but his is over there.
blue.
doors are
c) The teacher is talking about water and
b) Where is your book?
_ _ _ _ _ _ properties.
(in the bag/hers on the table)
d) That is not Peter's caro yellow.
53
_
is
REVIEW
•
1.
tJ
Ilrmrrrl
Z
Preencha os espaços com a preposição correta: /"\
:1·
b((t (~_J .. '. -~_"
~'~_ ,-
i""
/"
(;
,'.
L ~}
O(,r
--,.-lo'
a) How far is Caxias do Sul Alegre? 6l~:"{1 '. b) Is 6 o'clock too early
• a) Is Sharon at the club now? (no, home)
'11' , 1
Porto
tO<,
(\" r"" b) Are your parents from Italy? (no, Canada)
vou?
rOf$.
2. Complete as orações a seguir com a preposição correta. Use on, in ou from: vtZ
v/)',
E.
a) Are vou
(.
t~erican.'; ',,' .
!'
/L
'\
:)i·
.[ ív'
Tatuapé,
Rua Tuiuti. I.
,r"
;
f
c) When do Vou have English classes? ~.. t
~)
them
,., ....,
"
Mondays and
r iN
Wednesdays.
.
d) I work' . CI
.
.
~
have
d) Are vou and your brother good at History?
_O~f\.",--) _ _
(no, Mathematics)
a public hospital.
11\)
.
•
I t0
e) I like to go jogging
3.
United States)
l
b) Where do vou live? 'I live
Ar
c) Were your parents in Europe last year? (no,
the USA? Yes, I'm
the morning.
r---(""IO
-
on) 229 Paulista Avenue.
6.
c) Thomas is studying (on, at,.La) Minas Gerais
e) I usually get up (on,..s:t. in) 6 o'clock.
c\\, \)::- ,t
Use as preposições corretas:
V/\
b) She has been telephoning 10 o'clock c9/}!,
ar
l!1
7.
at) July 30, 1962.
1965
) y\
~
\
~
hours the morning.
Escreva em inglês: a) Onde você mora?
Complete a frase com as preposições in, on, to: I
Day is
tJ
the
TN
United
States,
the 3rd Sunday
Father's
O/IJ
People send cards and flowers
June.
TI)
fathers and they usually take them
() 1'\.1
restaurant for dinner.
5.
~.r~
1969.
d) Fred is going to the USA (Qu, in, at) Sunday.
4.
t'
a) I studied there
(at, in, Q!l) PUC.
f) I was born (on,
J,
li..
a) My sister is (in, on, at) home. (in,~!
\
.
e) Is it 8 o'clock now? (no, 11)
Sublinhe a preposição correta:
b) They are
- ~-
Observe o modelo e faça: Is your brother 10 years old? (no, 12)
No, he is noto He is 12 years old.
b) Meu nome é João. E o seu?
their a c) Minha camisa é verde e a dela é verde tam bém.
,24..
Betty's house
THIS IS JOHN'S BEDROOM.
Betty is showing her house to a friend.
THESE ARE MY MOTHER'S PICTURES.
POSSESSIVE CASE (GENITIVE CASE) Observe os recursos utilizados pela língua inglesa para estabelecer a relação de posse entre o possuidor e a coisa possuída: Casa
de
Betty's
Betty.
house.
Casa
Davis'
de
Davis.
Casa
de
meu avô.
My grandfather's
house.
house.
OBSERVAÇÃO
1. No caso possessivo, invertemos a posição do possuidor e da coisa possuída. 2. Normalmente se colocam apóstrofo e s ('s) depois do possuidor. 3. Quando a palavra que indica o possuidor terminar por s, basta acrescentar o após
trofo:
Charles' -
Davis'
4. Quando o possuidor for indicado por uma expressão, colocamos o 's no fim dessa expressão: My old grandfather's house. 5. Quando há mais de um possuidor para a mesma coisa possuída, só o último rece be o 's: Ted, Meg and 8ob's house. 6. Quando o possuidor é coisa, geralmente não se usa o genitivo com '5, e sim a pre 'posição of: The door of the caro
,~
ACTIVITIES
1. Siga o modelo:
d) Davis and Bob have a motorbike.
a) Whose car is this? (Peter)
It's Peter's. b) Whose pen is this? l1's
e) My old grandmother has a flat. (John).
c) Whose skirt is this? l1's
(Monica).
d) Whose shirt is that? l1's
4. (Charles).
a) This dress belongs to Mary.
e) Whose tie is that? l1's
Faça como no modelo:
It's Mary's dress. (Mr. Clark).
b) This skirt belongs to Betty.
(Davis).
c) This hat belongs to John.
f) Whose blouse is that? l1's g) Whose books are these? They are
(Elvis).
d) This shirt belongs to Davis.
h) Whose pencils are these? They are
(Ann).
5. 2.
Responda conforme o modelo:
Escreva em inglês: a) Estes quadros pertencem à minha mãe.
a) My hair is black, and yours? (blond)
Mine is blond. b) His eyes are brown, and hers? (blue)
b) De quem são estes quadros?
Hers are blue. c) His nails are white, and hers? (red)
d) Your house is old, and theirs? (new)
6.
Traduza: a) Those books are Mary and Jane's.
e) His hands are dirty, and hers? (c1ean)
f) Her father is tall, and his? (short) b) Are these things theirs?
3. Transforme as frases como no modelo: a) Jane has a purse.
It's Jane's purse. b) Peter has a watch. c) Charles has a caro
c) Is this car Paul's?
d) These pencils are mine.
Young people Many young people think that their families do not understand their problems. Young people generally make their decisions alone or with the help of a friend of the same age. Very often this happens because there is no communication between parents and children. Parents, sometimes, have no time to talk with their children and boys and girls move and live their parents. There are, of course, different remedies for this situation. For example: Parents must talk frankly to their children and try to understand their problems.
Li
a
C
c:
Many young peopfe generally make their decisions afone or with the help of a friend.
PLURAL Of N.OUNS 1. postcard -
Regra geraL: forma-se o pluraL dos substanti
vos, geralmente, acrescentando-se s ao singuLar.
2. boy - boys toy - toys key - keys
Os substantivos terminados em y precedido de vogaL seguem a regra geral: acrescenta-se s ao singular.
3. city -
Os substantivos terminados em y precedido de consoante formam o plural mudando-se o y por i e acrescentando-se es.
postcards place - places car - cars
cities Lady - Ladies secretary - secretaries
4. bus - buses gLass - gLasses ash - ashes fLash - flashes beach - beaches church - churches watch - watches box - boxes fox - foxes topaz - topazes potato - potatoes tomato - tomatoes negro - negroes
Aos substantivos terminados em s sh ch
x z o geraLmente se acrescenta es para se formar o pluraL. Exceções: photo - photos; piano - pianos.
People are known by the company they keep.
(Conhecemos as pessoas pelas companhias que procuram.)
ACTIVITIES
1.
Escreva no plural: a) This lady is my friend. b) Take the key.
2.
Traduza: • a) There are many
--H:i ~rC1t~
peoPle~world.
t9hkr11 MO ~
b) Are those beadies dlrty?
c) I am visiting a wonderful beach.
c) Are their parents young or old?
d) She likes to see his photo.
3. e) I am visiting an important city with my child.
Escreva em inglês: a) As praias estão limpas. b) Quem são aquelas senhoras?
f) The new watch is in the box. 4.
Resolva a cruzadinha:
g) There is a tomato in the refrigerator.
praias
cinzas
copos I----\
h) Is there a potato in the cupboard?
igreja s caixas
I I
~ brinquedos
I
1. I--
I
I---
I j
i) This lady likes to play the piano.
26.
I
---r
----r...- ônibus (pl.)
t--
I--
--L.-
I--
Richard's farm
Richard bought a Iarge farm Iast year. He paid a Iot of money for it. And now he is showing his farm to a friend that carne from the city. There are many animaIs on Richard's farm such as horses, cows, oxen, pigs, geese, many sheep, etc. There are two Iakes near the house with many fish. There are also many kinds of fruit in the orchard. Men and women work daily on the farm and do ali sorts of jobs.
o
ü
~
.J::
a.
...J
w tI:
o Ü
.~.
IBLURAL Of NOUNS (continued) . 1. leaf life knife wife wolf -
leaves (folha - folhas) lives (vida - vidas) knives (faca - facas) wives (esposa - esposas) wolves (lobo - lobos)
Os substantivos terminados em f ou fe no singular geralmente mudam o f por v no plural e • acrescentam es.
2. man - men (homem - homens) woman - women (mulher - mulheres) policeman - policemen (policial - policiais) fireman - firemen (bombeiro - bombeiros) mailman - mailmen (carteiro - carteiros) postman - postmen (carteiro - carteiros) gentleman - gentlemen (cavalheiro - cavalheiros)
Os substantivos com o final man no singular mudam o a por e no plural.
3. foot - feet (pé - pés) tooth - teeth (dente - dentes) goose - geese (ganso - gansos)
Esses substantivos mudam ee no plural.
00
no singular por
4. child - drildren (criança - crianças) ox - oxen (boi - bois) mouse - mice (rato - ratos) 5. fish - fish (peixe - peixes) sheep - sheep (ovelha - ovelhas) fruit - fruit (fruta - frutas) bread - bread (pão - pães)
Esses substantivos têm a mesma forma para o singular e para o plural.
6. news: Geralmente só se emprega no singular: Is there any news? (Há alguma novidade?) What's the news? (Que há de novo?) 7. people: A palavra people pode ter dois sentidos: a) povo, nação
Nesse caso, tem uma forma para o singular e outra para o plural:
people: povo
peoples: povos
The Brazilian people is good.
There are many peoples in the worl.d.
b) pessoas, gente Nesse sentido, a palavra people fica invariável e exige o verbo no plural: There are many people in the room. (Há muitas pessoas na sala.)
o5}o9/oz ACTIVITIES 1. Escreva no plural:
2. Escreva no plural: •a) There was a goose in the lake.
a) A white tooth. White teeth. b) 'Â big foo!.
There were geese in the lakes. b) There was a mouse in the old house.
1i\9A~ 'l h.J\J.J tm~ J).·l2 WLLv~9 },
~~
hxt QJ. t 1/.) 1JJ..i kl
c) A little tooth. d) A little foo!. I
\ - / \ " .• '"
.' ; \ ,.'i
"'~."
~/
\
e) A wild mouse.
\/ '\\\
3.
Resolva a cruzadinha:
f) A white goose.
\JJ) ,'lt;
~p~_~.)~ X.
g) An old ox.
aYcl, h) A green leaf.
<2A\ --ó -.
-<
}:.~.
27:
"
,'\ . ,
Traveling Tradução
I am preparing for a trip.
' . \'J"
) .
..- - '. '-=,~--
I am not taking many things because I am going to traveI by plane and there are some weight restrictions. Last year I visited London and Paris. I stayed three days in Paris and four in London. I liked both cities very much. It was a wonderful trip but very short.
;M tiL~ tt)lj,l
PAST TENSE Of REGULAR VERBS 1. Os verbos regulares, em inglês, possuem uma única terminação para o passado: ed.
Observe: I visited (Eu visitei, visitava)
Vou visited (Você visitou, visitava)
He visited (Ele visitou, visitava)
5he visited (Ela visitou, visitava)
We visited (Nós visitamos, visitávamos)
Vou visited (Vocês visitaram, visitavam)
They visited (Eles visitaram, visitavam)
2. Os verbos terminados em e, no infinitivo, acrescentam apenas d, no passado. Exemplo: to dance - I danced (Eu dancei, dançava), you danced ... 3. Os verbos terminados em y precedido de consoante formam o passado mudando o y por ied. Exemplo: to study - I studied (Eu estudei, estudava), you studied ...
05/09/ 0 2
ACTIVITIES 1.
Escreva o passado dos seguintes verbos:
g) The boys plant many trees.
11A~ ~b
a) to answer: answered
(}()
\
3.
cC\uec\
b) to call: c) to cross:
_"""Cf.:-"'Af).""""-"-h1~9J"""c\,",,,,,,--
_
d) to dance: _----'À--",....,0""-/..!-;'_(----'9_.""'""1
=:?Ç\.Àtf\ 1:9
e) to paint: f) to rest:
_
_---..LJ\~L"_",~~.:...r--:.,:--:.A
d _
\
g) to save:
_---'Ji:v\""'---"'....c>L-~t="~_'_'.._A:....-·
.' ..'--"\"-t...;.(~·"-'....:.··_,_"-\ <.' '. , ' ,. h) to I,·sten·. __--"-v---"-'i
2.
_
Escreva as frases no passado: a) John works in an office.
John worked in an office. b) I study in the morning.
'S 1í .\\("\ í 2d
1
.N'I' -tAX\ j
; I ';~ ':,
"
'
'!
c) I wash my face in the morning.
J Wõ. iJ;', \
IX\'.\ I j
",' t1
(;
I
I' "
,I /" '.
I
.l
d) We play football i,n.the afternoon.
\
,~.
"', 'l 'i~j "
\
' . e)
hey liv~ o , farm.
. ~1lA~ f)
21m
he girl~ elean
=\W, ~JliA
IJ
011
c1 house.
$aMl\ .
(
.QaM.2d lÍJ~ hf®~
cf)
ttJ'O/ÔV :W2~
Complete a cruzadinha com o passado destes verbos: 1. to paint
6. to march
11. to dance
2. to walk
7. to cook
12. to rest
3. to observe
8. to watch
13. to like
4. to work
9. to close
14. to lave
5. to call
_
'11villci
10. to answer
28. Yesterday and today
When I was a boy I went to school in a little village near my house. There I learnt to read and to write. My teachers were very good but I forgot their names.
I finished my studies two years ago. Now I work in a big bank. I work 8 hours a day. Every morning at 7 o' clock I go to work by caro
Tradução
Tradução
PAST TENSE Of IRREGULAR VERBS São verbos irregulares aqueles que não têm o passado terminado em ed: Verb to go -
Past tense
I went (eu fui, eu ia) Vou went (tu foste, tu ias, você foi, você ia) He went (ele foi, ele ia) She went (ela foi, ela ia) We went (nós fomos, nós íamos) Vou went (vocês foram, vocês iam) They went (eles ou elas foram ou iam)
OBSERVAÇÃO
o past tense corresponde, em português, aos pretéritos perfeito e imperfeito do indicativo. Como os verbos irregulares são muito freqüen tes no uso diário, é necessário aprendê-los de cor. Veja a lista dos verbos irregulares à página 133.
~)
--.... ~
'
ACTIVITI ES
1.
Escreva (R) para os verbos regulares e (I) para os irregulares: Infinitive
a) I
Simpie Past
a) to live
lived
b) to work
worked
2. Complete as frases, usando os verbos no passado:
R
b) Paul and Mary the morning. (to gol c) They
c) to take
took
d) to sleep
slept
e) to see
saw
f) to play
played
g) to study
studied
h) to look
looked liked
j) to forget
forgot
k) to be
was, were
I) to visit m) to dance n) to eat
d) My mother e) I f) She speak) g) I h) They i) She
i) to like
visited danced
ate
Mary yesterday. (to see)
j) They shelf. (to take)
to school in back at 1. (to come) at 6. (to get up)
breakfast at 7. (to have) to me in English. (to a glass of milk. (to drink) in the library. (to bel at home. (to bel the books from the
k) She find)
a coin in the street. (to
I) She (speak)
to the man in English.
m) I
a lot this morning. (eat)
22. Dialogue
Father:
Waiter! Please!
Waiter:
Yes! WhatJlo. you want to eat? We want fish and rice.
Father: Mother:
Oh! No! The children like chicken and fried potatoes.
Father:
Well. Bring chicken and fried potatoes for three and fish for me.
Waiter: Father:
WhatJlll.you want to drink? Beer. Bring me beer.
Children: Beer?! We prefer lemonade. Father: Well. Bring beer for two and lemonade for the children. Waiter:
Ok.
USE Of DO ANO DOES Com verbos não-auxiliares, usa-se o auxiliar to do na interrogativa. Exemplos: 1. Vou love me.
Do you love me? 2. Vou speak Portuguese. Do you speak Portuguese? 3. He comes from BraziL. Does he come from Brazil? 4. She speaks Eng~sh. Does she speak English? Observe o emprego Do I dance Do you dance Does he dance Does she dance Do we dance Do you dance Do they dance
de do e does:
weLL?
weLL?
weLL?
weLl?
weLL?
weLL?
weLL?
lhe only people who do not make mistakes are those who do nothing.
(As únicas pessoas que não cometem erros são aquelas que nada jazem.)
. . ;'ê9"Verbos auxiliares, basta inverter o sujeito e o verbo para se obter a forma tiva: e is your friend. Is he your friend? She can help John. Can she help John? Paul likes beer. Does Paul like beer? • Note-se que, com o emprego de does, não há s na terceira pessoa do verbo: She likes apples. Does she like apples?
ACTIVITIES 1. Preencha com do ou does:
~
a)
Ar? ld
b) c)
,~ o
d)
'l.1; .~
~
[j(\ U,
they go to the beach?
do
(})fi 9. 1>.
Vou work in that store?
~/:t
"(f '_'I\:
;Cl)'"
l
to
;
';1 V/,C) n.;
b) D~es John go to school? \
:(·tI,
\! '_",1 JI
ixv\ 91) j-
r~.'·I'_1 C
»'(1
C)
A
In
.
an offlce?
'\ :'/S"rf \À)fY\k,lM ctN\.
ç
n!\ .
QJq)
C!
b) They are good teaChers.
, R)w tt\L'j
(3(,['
r\ 12 Cl cl'\JJJA "/
c) You drive well.
----Do
'1 r;y },
d) They speak English. x{)\' 1\ "' J' ..' ~"w{'\Q" n, vQ W\J-"; '0110) n >\ ~A.JJ \
e) Paul anJ Mary were friends.
(i\
fóAJ1 ruYd
e) Do they visit their parents?' ,, I' .-,". -1"l! .' ) ,.-1,' '\ LA}.. J.J. )Y(\')J /\ "f'O' , ti / ,\( ..
.....r~ . " :..lYJUl
,j ,"i',
5. Escreva na interrogativa: t}
~hJ\k(J VhA l f;1JQJYd/~. ~l.
a) He buys newspapers.
Do
j . ~~uy
b) You like me.
,
í---.." \.}('.' \ 'Lt> J: c) She likes me.
~ ~
I,
3. Escreva na forma interrogativa, observando o não-emprego do s na terceira pessoa do singu lar:
\/,
/ ' 'I
~i'
"
!i/Ji ;'.
/í\J
)
I
•
.) ~,/./ .
,
I)
by CoA :)
~\tl\ ~ já ~ cl ,f)t:'",X
c Do they work
I
r
~.
%§l9.
~ 1i:k~ f'ff'&
vou drive well?
r
J I\J/t
~9J\X Qj}\i2
a) Does she like me?
2. Escreva na forma interrogativa, observando se há verbo auxiliar ou não:
,Pto , D ----W.)!'
Vi
I
4. Escreva na forma afirmativa:
it start at 7 o'c1ock?
a) She can go with me.
n) )Y9.ru\
: ,. K-
d) She goes to school by caro
he write a letter?
~ f) d&t\
~\.
Qj~ ,)A~ çVW'(\1l c) Jane loves her parents.
Vou like apples? she like apples?
e)
g)
b) John drinks beer.
6
.3,() In a restaurant
Do not put new wtne in old bottteL "" (Não ponha vinho novo em garrafas vethàJÍ.J,
NEGATIVE FORM 1. Emprego de don't ou do not:
Emprega-se don't ou do not em frases negativas, no presente, com os pronomes I,
you, we, they. Vou don't l.ike coffee. Você não gosta de café. They don't Like coffee. ELes não gostam de café. I don't agree with you. Eu não concordo com você. We don't agree with you. Nós não concordamos com você. 2. Emprego de doesn't ou does not:
Emprega-se doesn't ou does not em frases negativas, no presente, com os prono mes he, she, it. He doesn't Like miLk. ELe não gosta de Leite. OBSERVAÇÃO She doesn't Like miLk. ELa não gosta de Leite. Do substitui o veirbo da pergunta: It doesn't bark. ELe não Late. Do you want some fish? Yes, I do.
Esquema da forma interrogativa com verbos não auxiliares (no presente): Verbo Verbo no auxiliar Pronome infinitivo I
I
you they
Vou We Vou They
he~ she ----~;o. work?
He She
it
It
Do
Dqes
Esquema da forma negativa com verbos não-auxi Liares (no presente): Verbo no Verbo infinitivo Pronome auxiliar
----..,::;;;;~go?
dono~go. don~
_
does no~ work. doesn't
AC1"IVI1"IES
1. Escreva na forma negativa e observe o desapa
h) They go to school.
recimento do s na terceira pessoa: a) The boy wants beer. 3.
The boy doesn't want beer.
b) He plays the piano.
a) (I f
J\"""'J----------j~.~:-=-"-,
I prefer an apple.
nn \I,) LU
c;W, d) She reads well.
b) (He -
ham -
cheese)
n ) \t )J)
f
~
1/
'
e) Fred sings well.
c) (She -
~À (00/ c\f~S).Jf\! 1
f) She wor1
an apple):
I don't like pears.
c) She drives well.
'~;I'"
pears -
'
'\'-"-""'O"'--1.N.....:., (\'"'---"_
_b X
Siga o modelo:
'.l/No) k Qb~,iY\\
'r
d) (They -
g) Paul likes ham.
marmalade -
milk -
ice cream)
orange juice)
h) He goes to school.
e) (We -
bread -
cake)
i) Nancy helps her brother.
2.
Escreva na forma negativa:
f) (Paul -
coffee -
beer)
a) I work at night. I don't work at night.
b) She eats very well. She doesn't eat very well.
4.
Complete com do ou does:
c) I like ice cream.
a) What time d) We study in the morning.
e) She plays the piano well.
b) When
he play basketball?
c) How
Mary and Carlos go to
school? d) What
f) Mary likes marmalade.
e) Where f) When
g) You know the lesson.
Ben get up?
g) Where h) What
vou like to eat? Janet work? John come back? vou live? your sister do?
,jtA thief AUXILIARV DID Forma interrogativa no passado Did you steal her purse?
"Y
"Y
Você roubou a bolsa dela? Para se fazer uma pergunta em inglês, no passado, com verbos não-auxiliares, usa-se a forma verbal did.
(Nesse caso, did não tem tradução. É simplesmente um indicador de que a pergunta está
sendo feita no passado.)
Observe o esquema de perguntas no passado:
Verbo auxiliar (sem tradução)
Sujeito
Verbo no infinitivo
"y
"y
Did
you Você
go? foi?
Did
she Ela
dose fechou
the doar? a porta?
MORE IRREGULAR VERBS Infinitive
Simple Past
Past Participle
to buy to steal to catch to give to seU to faLL to feel to send to read to write to shut to cost to cut to have to begin to know to bring to buHd to choose to drive
bought stole caught gave sold feLL felt sent read wrote shut cost cut had began knew brought buiLt chose drove
bought stolen caught given sold faUen felt sent read written shut cost cut had begun known brought buiLt chosen driven
•
•
•
(comprar) (roubar) (pegar) (dar) (vender) (cair) (sentir) (enviar) (ler) (escrever) (fechar) (custar) (cortar) (ter) (começar) (conhecer) (trazer) (construir) (escolher) (dirigi r)
~9'\ ;/
,
ACTIVITIES
'~
1.
Preencha a cruzada com os verbos no tempo
i) The boys took their books.
pa~sado:
1. to send
6. to speak
2. to see
7. to drink
3. to read
8. to have
4. to catch
9. to shut
5. to find
j) She went to school.
10. to be (singular)
k) They came by bus.
6
1 I--
I) The boy found the coin.
2
7
3
10
9
f--
I 8
-
rc-
4 5
m) Vou saw Jane yesterday.
I
f-c-
2.
c-
Escreva as frases na forma interrogativa:
n) She drank much wine.
a) The boys played football yesterday. Did the boys play football yesterday7 b) They worked in a big factory.
o) lhe guide spoke in French.
_ _ _ _ they
in a big factory?
c) The girls studied their lesson. _ _ _ _ the girls
their lesson?
p) She wrote a long letter.
d) Mary c1eaned her house. _ _ _ _ Mary
her house?
e) Vou helped your friends.
q) Bob sold his caro
f) They invited vou to the party.
r) The c1ass began at 7.
g) The people caught the thief.
s) They brought their children.
h) The thief stole her purse.
t) Many leaves fell from the trees.
L
Catching a thief
NEGATIVE FORM IN TH E PAST TENSE: DID NOT or DIDN'T A forma negativa, no passado, com verbos não-auxiliares, con siste em colocar did not ou didn't antes do verbo no infinitivo.
I worked yesterday. I did not work yesterday. I didn't work yesterday.
Eu trabalhei ontem.
Eu não trabalhei ontem.
Eu não trabalhei ontem.
I took her purse. I did not take her purse. I didn't take her purse.
Eu peguei a bolsa dela.
Eu não peguei a bolsa dela.
Eu não peguei a bolsa dela.
MORE IRREGULAR VERBS Infinitive
5imple Past
Past Participle
to go to come to find to see to take to drink to speak to be to have to get up to buy to eat to steal to catch to sleep to give to send to seU to write to shut to cost to cut to read
went carne found saw took drank spoke was, were had got up bought ate stole caught slept gave sent sold wrote shut cost cut read
gone come found seen taken drunk spoken been had got up bought eaten stolen caught slept given sent sold written shut cost cut read
•
•
•
:8
(i r) (vir) (encontrar) (ver) (pegar, levar) (beber) (falar) (ser, estar) (ter) (levantar) (comprar) (comer) (roubar) (pegar, agarrar) (dormir) (dar) (enviar) (vender) (escrever) (fechar) (custar) (cortar) (ler)
ACTIVITIES
Observe o modelo e escreva as frases na forma negativa:
k) She slept until 10.
a) Your mother called Vou.
Vour mother did not cal! vou.
I) The cat caught the bird.
Vour mother didn't cal! vou.
b) The guide showed the way.
m) It cost 10 dollars. c) They liked to play tennis. n) She cut her finger. d) We lived on a farm. o) Gordon ate yesterday. e) The maid cleaned the house. p) She wrote her name in ink.
f) The thief stole my money.
The thief did not steal my money.
q) We had much time.
The thief didn't steal my money.
g) My mother bought many presents. r) The teacher spoke in English.
h) They got up at 7. s) The baby drank ali the milk. i) They sold their house.
t) My friend came yesterday. j) They found the key.
----
---
_.. _ - -
,: ..3.5 A marriage
A wilful man will have his way. (Um homem de vontade encontrará seu caminho.)
Paul and Mary are going to get married next month. They love each other very much. But will their marriage be successful?
FUTURE TEN5E I will help you. (Eu ajudarei você.) Para se transformar um verbo em futuro do presente, basta antepor ao infinitivo o auxiliar will. O inglês britânico usa shall para as primeiras pessoas (I, we): We shall leave London on May 7. (Nós partiremos de Londres no dia 7 de maio.) Veja também o Immediate Future na lição 13.
CONJUGATION Of THE VERB TO HELP IN THE FUTURE TEN5E Affirmative form
Contracted form
Interrogative form
I will help (eu ajudarei) Vou will help He will help 5he will help We will help Vou will help They will help
I'U help Vou'll help He'll heLp 5he'll help We'll help Vou'll help They'Ll help
Will WHl Will Will Will Will Will
I won't help Vou won't help He won't help 5he won't help We won't help Vou won't help They won't help
Won't Won't Won't Won't Won't Won't Won't
•
•
•
I help? you help? he help? she help? we help? you help? they help?
Negative form
•
I will not help Vou will not help He will not help 5he will not help We will not help Vou will not help They will not help
I help? you help? he help? she help? we help? you help? they help?
Work won't kill, but worry wiU (kill). (Trabalho não matará, mas preocupação matará.)
ACTIVITIES
1. Escreva no futuro:
3. Escreva na forma interrogativa:
a) He - be - in São Paulo tomorrow. He will be in São Paulo tomorrow. b) I - be - in the second grade next year.
a) Paul will be in São Paulo. WiII Paul be in São Paulo? b) You will be in the second grade next year.
c) She -
angry with me.
c) She will be angry with me.
be -
d) She will wait for vou.
be -
d) Mr. Green -
my teacher next year.
e) John will pay his bill.
2.
Passe para o futuro: a) I - change - my c1othes. I will change my clothes. b) I - go - to the chemist's. I will go to the chemist's. c) He - get - some aspirins. d) She -
come -
e) She -
wait -
f) Jane and Ted will come late.
g) He will take a taxi.
4. Escreva na forma negativa:
a) He will be in São Paulo. He will not (won't) be in São Paulo. b) She will be angry with vou.
late. for vou.
c) We will be there next week.
f) John -
pay -
his bills on Friday. d) She will wait for vou.
g) It h) I -
cost take -
five dollars. the purse to her.
e) I will take a taxi.
f) Bob and Jim will come late.
Smile! i) We -
go shopping -
with you. Li!óa, be calm and !óleepl Tomorrow I will call the plumber to repair the tapo
j) I - meet - my friends at the beach tomorrow.
.
k) I -
take -
a taxi.
----- - -_ ~
.. ~--
-- -------
1------ --_.- .-..--"--- ------1 ...
~;~:~~VVh8t would vou...
If everybody respected nature, we would Uve better.
(Se todos respeitassem a natureza, viveríamos melhor.)
W9f' '.
tONDITIONAL TEN5E - WOULD + INFINITIVE
(,
Affirmative form
Contraeted form
Interrogative form
I would buy (eu compraria) Vou would buy He woul.d buy She would buy We woul.d buy Vou would buy They would buy
I'd buy You'd buy He'd buy She'd buy We'd buy You'd buy They'd buy
Would Would WouLd Would Would WouLd Would
I wouldn't buy Vou wouldn't buy He wouldn't buy She wouldn't buy We wouldn't buy Vou wouldn't buy They wouldn't buy
Wouldn't Wouldn't Wouldn't Wouldn't Wouldn't Wouldn't Wouldn't
•
•
•
I buy? you buy? he buy? she buy? we buy? you buy? they buy?
Negative form
•
I would not buy Vou would not buy He would not buy She would not buy We would not buy Vou would not buy They would not buy
I buy?
you buy?
he buy?
she buy?
we buy?
you buy?
they buy?
OBSERVAÇÃO
1. Conditional tense - futuro do pretérito I would buy a big truck. (Eu compraria um grande caminhão.)
/
Para se transformar um verbo em futuro do pretérito, basta antepor ao infinitivo o auxiliar would. O inglês britânico usa should para as primei ras pessoas (I, we). 2. Emprego da conjunção "if" • If it is necessary the firm will instaI! a computer. (Se for necessário, a firma insta lará um computador.) The firm wil! instaI! a computer if it is necessary.
(A firma instalará um computador se for
necessário.)
Com a conjunção if (se), havendo verbo na for ma do presente simples, o outro verbo terá a forma do futuro do presente. • If it *were necessary the firm would install a computer.
(Se fosse necessário, a firma instalaria um com
putador.)
lhe firm would instaI! a computer if it were
necessary.
(A firma instalaria um computador se fosse ne
cessário.)
Com a conjunção if (se), havendo verbo na for
ma do passado, o outro verbo terá a forma do
futuro do pretérito.
*Obs. - Com a conjunção if usa-se were em to
das as pessoas verbais.
r
ACTIVITIES 1. Siga o modelo:
c) She would leave tomorrow.
a) I - buy - a car - had - money. I would buy a car if I had money. b) You - buy - a house - had - money.
c) We -
buy -
Tomorrow wfll be anottler (Amanhã será um outro dio.j
a truck -
had -
4. Complete com will ou would: a) If John gets a rise in salary he will buy a new caro b) If John 90t a rise in salary he would buy a new caro
money.
c} If my mother permits I
2.
d} If the prices were high 1 that restaurant.
Escreva na forma negativa: a) I would buy a caro I would not buy a caro I wouldn't buy a caro b) She would take a taxi.
return late. not eat in
e} I not eat in that restaurant if the prices are high. f} If I had money I g) He
pay the bill.
pay his bill if he had money.
h} They be the champions if they had good players.
c) They would go with Vou.
i} You
marry Betty if she loved vou.
5. Escreva em inglês: a) Eu pagaria a conta se eu tivesse dinheiro.
3. Mude para a interrogativa: a) They would install a computer. Would they instaI! a computer? b) Jane would read that book.
55
b} Se eu tiver tempo eu irei.
With friends
Tradução
Yesterday Bob took Jane to a party. When they arrived at the party Bob left Jane with some friends and went out for a few minutes. When he carne back he didn't see her any more. - Where is Jane?, he asked one of his friends. - Let me see... 1 can't see her... Look! She is there. At the comer. - Who is dancing with her? -
l1's Jeff, my friend.
-
Stay here. 1 will meet them.
\
~HOW
ME THAT 8LOUSE..
HE U"E.S POST CARDS.
IS IT
?
SEND \-11M THIS ONE. tS VER'{ BEAUTlFUL.
~('
Subject Pronouns
Object Pronouns
•
•
I
me you him her
Vou He She
Subject Pronouns
Object Pronouns
•
•
(me, mim) (te, a você) (o, lhe, a ele) (a, lhe, a ela)
It
it us you them
We Vou They
(o, a, lhe, a ele, a ela) (nos) (vos, a vocês) (os, as, lhes, a eles, a elas)
OBSERVAÇÃO
Se o objeto indireto vier antes do objeto direto, não se usará preposição.
0.1.
0.0.
Give
me
an apple.
Dê
a mim
uma maçã.
.......
Se o objeto indireto vier depois do objeto dire to, deverá ser precedido de preposição.
0.0.
0.1.
Give
an apple
to me.
Dê
uma maçã
para mim.
.......
...........
ACTIVITIES 1.
Traduza estas frases: a) I saw him yesterday.
d) I will go with them.
b) I saw her last week.
e) Work for uso
c) I gave her a book.
f) Tell me the truth.
--
--
-
2. Substitua os nomes pelos pronomes sujeitos:
-
--------------
~1
e) Give the camera to me.
I -------------------f) I like Mary very much.
a) Alice lives in Salvador. She Uves in Salvador.
b) Robert is a tourist guide.
4. Use o pronome correto: c) Salvador is a beautiful city.
a) Come with
_
) I
d) Jane and I live in São Paulo.
) me
b) She is playing tennis with ) he
e) At noon the tourists stop for lunch.
_ him
c) What can I do for 3.
Substitua as palavras em negrito por um prono me oblíquo:
5.
( ) he Siga o modelo:
?
vou
I bought it for you.
b) I know the lesson very well.
a) My cousin shows them the beaches. My cousin shows the beaches to them. b) He sent me a letter.
c) We visited Mary yesterday.
c) She gave me a present.
d) I saw John last week.
d) I offered him some money.
a) I bought this watch for vou.
REVIEW
1. Traduza:
Patricia is lohn's daughter. She went to
London in 1995. When she arrived there her
English was very poor.
While she was in England she spoke
_English alI the time. As a resuIt she Iearned it.
Now she speaks English very well.
2. Responda, de acordo com o texto: a) Who is Patricia? b) Where did she go to? ( ) She went to London. ( ) She is going to London.
When did she go to London?
6. Escreva na forma negativa:
,,/ She went to London
_
a) They came by plane.
d) How was her English when she arrived in
London?
• b) He gave her a flower.
Her English was
_
e) Did she speak English ali the time?
( ) No, she didn't. ( ) Yes, she did. f) Did she learn English? ( ( ) Yes, she did. No, she didn't. g) Now Patricia: ( ) speaks English very well. ( ) doesn't speak English.
3.
Escreva o passado e o particípio dos verbos (com a tradução):
Infinitive a) to buy (comprar)
Simple Past
Past Participle
bought (comprou)
bought (comprado)
b) to sell
c) to fali
7. Escreva no futuro: a) Vou -
be -
happy
b) She -
meet -
her friends
8. Escreva na forma interrogativa: a) They will sell their house. b) She will be angry with me.
9. Escreva na forma negativa: a) She will wait for vou. b) John will pay his bills.
10. Escreva em inglês: d) to know
e) to drive
Maria e Rose chegarão amanhã?
11. Traduza: a) I would pay the bill if I had much money.
4.
Escreva no passado: a) Our class begins at 8. b) I would go with them if I had time. b) The secretary writes many letters. c) Monica speaks Spanish very well.
5.
Escreva na forma interrogativa: a) The players went to the stadium. b) They caught the thief. c) The guide spoke French.
12. When I asked Jim if he liked his job he replied _ that he
D a) D b) D c)
did does
D d)
D e)
has done
do
13. If Vou don't go,
D a) D b) D c)
doing
I feel I am I was
very angry.
D D
d) 1'11 be e) I have been
dt Coming back home
WHAT DID VOU SEE THERE?
Esquema da forma interrogativa com verbos regulares e irregulares: Verbo auxiliar Sujeito Verbo no infinitivo
•
•
•
Do Does .........................•.....•., Did
,,,.....•.,...•.. ?
?
Do
you Você
go?
vai?
Does
she Ela
go?
vai?
Did
they Eles
go?
foram?
Esquema da forma negativa:
Sujeito Verbo auxiliar
•
•
know.
sei.
He
doesn't não
know.
sabe.
didn't não
know.
sabia.
Vou
WHAT DID VOU BRING FROM THE UNITED STATES? I BROUGHT SOME SOUVENIRS... I BROUGHT THIS WATCH, THIS CAMERA MANV CLOTHES AND TOVS.
•
don't não
Você
I VISITED MANV INTERESTING PLACES.
Verbo no infinitivo
I Eu
ELe
~
Infinitive
Simple Past
Past Participle
to begin to bri ng to feel to forget to get to keep to know to lose to make to pay to put to run to say to teLL to sing to sit to spend to teach to understand
began brought feLt forgot got kept knew Lost made paid put ran said toLd sang sat spent taught understood
begun brought feLt forgotten got (ou gotten) kept known Lost ma de paid put run said toLd sung sat spent taught understood
•
•
•
"
90/
(começar)
(trazer)
(sentir)
(esquecer)
(consegui r)
(guardar)
(conhecer)
(perqer)
(fazer)
(pagar)
(pôr)
(correr)
(dizer)
(contar, dizer)
(cantar) (sentar) (passar, gastar) (ensinar) (compreender)
ACTIVITIES t)~'I'
reencha a cruzada com o tempo passado dos verbos: 1. 2. 3. 4.
to to to to
build (construir) begin (começar) say (dizer) lose (perder)
18. to have (ter) 19. to spend (passar) 20. to drive (dirigir) 21. to meet (encontrar)
1
f-
-- -
9. to run (correr)
f- f-
_I
10. to make (fazer) 11. to lend (emprestar) 12. to fali (cair)
f-
4 f-
12 7 I
Escreva as frases nas formas interrogativa e ne gativa:
I
18
-
f-
-
-
I
g) They spent much money in horse races.
a) She drives well.
Does she drive well? She doesn't drive well. b) John saw her yesterday.
-
'-
-
9 10
11
-
8
f- f-
-
I
3
61 16
14. to understand (compreender) 15. to think (pensar) 16. to pay (pagar)
20
19 17
5
,Jl
13. to learn (aprender)
2.
I
21
7. to hear (escutar) 8. to put (pôr)
17. to bring (trazer)
15
14
5. to teach (ensinar) 6. to leave (partir, sair)
h) She left for Rio last night.
Did John see her yesterday? John didn't see her yesterday. c) She began to work at 7.
i) Bob tells Iies.
d) She brought her brother.
j) He lost his wallet.
e) They paid the bill.
k) You understand English.
f) She sat near George.
I) She got a good job.
-21 -
4.t Mary: Jane: Mary: Jane: Mary: Jane: Mary:
Friends
lt takes two to make a quarrel.
(Quando um não quer, dois não brigam.)
Hi, Jane.
Hi, Mary.
What day was yesterday?
Yesterday was Monday.
Did you go to school?
Yes, I went to school but I didn't see you there.
I wasn't at school. I went to the doctor's. My mother wasn't well.
LIST Of IRREGULAR VERBS: INFINITIVE - SIMPLE PAST - PAST PARTICIPLE to to to to to to to to to to to to 13. to 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
bought caught came cut did drank ate found gave knew made ran read
buy catch come cut do drink eat find give know make run read
bought (comprar) caught (pegar) come (vir) cut (cortar) dane (fazer) drunk (beber) eaten (comer) found (encontrar) given (dar) known (conhecer) made (fazer) run (correr) read (ler)
14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26.
to to to to to to to to to to to to to
pay say see seU send sLeep speak steaL swim take think win write
paid said saw sold sent slept spoke stole swam took thought won wrote
paid (pagar) said (dizer) seen (ver) sold (vender) sent (enviar) slept (dormir) spoken (falar) stolen (roubar) swum (nadar) taken (pegar) thought (pensar) won (ganha~ vence0 written (escrever)
ACTIVITIES 1.
Faça a pergunta e responda. Observe o modelo: a) (school) Did Vou 90 to school?
2.
Faça as perguntas e responda de acordo com o modelo: a) (school) Did Vou 90 to school?
Yes, I went to school.
No, I didn't 90 to school. b) (park)
------------_?
b) (park) No,
c) (movies) - - - - - - - - - - - _ ?
d) (doctor's)
?
e) (beach)
?
? _
c) (movies)
_
d) (doctor's)
e) (beach)
_
_
o. modelo
d) Does Miss Carol sing well?
e faça o mesmo:
~
. ~twól) I went to school but I didn't see Vou
ire. e) Do Vou pav the bill? c) (movies)
_
6. d) (doctor's)
Responda negativamente: a) Did Vou understand the lesson? No, I didn't.
_
I didn't understand the lesson. e) (beach)
4.
_
b) Did Vou spend vour vacation in Rio?
Observe o modelo, faça as perguntas e res ponda:
c) Did Vou pav the bill?
a) (eggs)
What did VOU eat vesterdav1 I ate eggs.
d) Did Vou lose vour kevs?
b) (cheese)
e) Did she know vour father? c) (ham)
7. d) (rice and beans)
Mude para a forma negativa: a) I know the president.
I don't know the president. b) He drives well. e) lbeef) c) She forgot vour name.
5. Responda negativamente: a) Do Vou run fast? No, I don't.
d) She came from Rio.
e) I spent two davs in Rio.
I don't run fast. b) Does Mr. Green teach Englísh? No, he doesn't.
f) She keeps the house in arder.
He doesn't teach English. c) Do Vou sit on this chair?
g) Saioko understands Japanese.
4.5. Stars
W'O' , 'hloO dooe weU. do" yoursoll. ., (Se quiser uma coisa bem-feita, faça-a você mesmo.)l
lf .ou
THIS IS AN AMERICAN SINGER, ISN'T HE?
QUESTION TAG - WITH AUXILIARY VERBS Tag é uma pergunta curta e rápida no final de uma frase para se pedir uma confirma
ção do que se disse antes.
12 parte afirmativa
fi nal negativo
He is a singer,
isn't he?
• ".
_/
~
.
•
1ª parte negatlVa
fi nal afi rmativo
He isn't a singer,
is he?
•
•
(ELe é um cantor, não é?)
(ELe não é um cantor, é?)
Observe outros exemplos: It is hot today, isn't it?
She was here, wasn't she?
Paul is a good boy, isn't he?
They were friends, weren't they?
Mary has a car, hasn't she?
She can't run, can she? Vou can help him, can't you? They can work, can't they? They could work, couldn't they?
OBSERVAÇÃO
I am a good singer, aren't I? Na primeira pessoa, na forma negativa, usa-se ...aren't I?
gUEsnoN TAG - WITH OTHER VERBS Quando os verbos não são auxiliares, empregamos as formas verbais:
a) do, does, don't, doesn't ~ para o presente
b) did, didn't ~ para o passado
Exemplos: - Vou know England, don't you? (Você conhece a Inglaterra, não conhece?) - Vou knew England, didn't you? (Você conheceu a Inglaterra, não conheceu?) - She doesn't speak English, does she? (Ela não fala inglês, fala?) - She didn't speak English, did she? (Ela não falou inglês, falou?)
ACTIVITIES h) You weren 't friends: (Jj -Ent
1. Complete, usando tags: a) The car is red, isn't it?
~N'\rt, ~ \) friends, ~DQ/Y).l t -1 ~/\0.j ? V JOFwi''l:\ I t ~M ~
b) She is beautiful, c) They are good d) She was sick,
(;;~.c:.. ")
Jt)CD \ t
e) Mary is coming, f) It was necessary,
()f).r0 L1: ~ lJ"§0 I l N e /)
g) She can drive the car, h) He is a busy man,
j) They are very tired, k) You were busy men, I) They are hungry,
m) She was happy, n) He's sleepy,
IJ-1ellR.m I
t
/
'jOJJ.)
&rRrYI \--r A~0J WOJ;;:lfrt :J"J\:'
1/~'1\ I C
\-\
')
f\vJN\ t
p) They are so careful,
e ?
c) They aren't enemies,
~JC () f\ .'\ E: A., \\, \J.. i' I
d) She wasn't in the garden, \..»)0./)
_ls.ne
f) They weren't happy, g) They can't walk,
y~
Uv tiJ& CoJ)'l
Gl rsp\}.
\..l
.u_ =une
'
.
(0$"
~
uJei K I
ÜJ1) d) E bom, não é?
---ll: A~ ~9l'Mol
(.crn)
J 1NC
t \( (, 'M
i) She arrives early, j) You wait for me, k) You
1
>'
t
/
'±: 'ü-- ~
I) She
vi~ed
~nt
Pisa, to school,
m) He wants coffee,
r·",' 'cr' r;' ;;:~J..(
'C)QIJ:..r:::t1'\ '
'G~dín;'
e) He took Juliet's hands, \"~\ (tC
(-,
;
\",V)'iA.i \.-~
4. Complete com tags. Ooserve se os verbos es tão no presente ou no passado: a) Romeo loves Juliet doesn't he?
h) They speak loud,
Ir. -:
, li
c) Võcês podem andar, não podem?
g) They dance very well,
..
,1;\: t
OY\JJ'0\t"-~\.oL~
+-. e01Yj
f) She wants to marry me,
-
el Vou aren't alone,
C'-' 'C
d) Romeu fell in love with Juliet,
)(k-€Jj--4
lt,
AbQ\~
c) They changed words of love, (iJ
2. Complete, usando tags: a) You aren't an artist, are vou? b) She isn't beautiful,
a) Eles são cantores, não são?
b) She loves the boy,
~j(,)c{'{\)t ';/~
o) You were wrong,
r.
3. Escreva em inglês:
/ j.-~} I
J;-.Jrf) ) t ó~"re) f\ , 10 r! I r /~j r)
i) She was very sick,
ti .€
\b
b) Elas estavam na festa, não estavam?
y:t?
0'J0<1I)\ l-t
i) He isn't busy,
'1 ~ ()
'i,
l-\
é
)c,,\ç"
Ü(:t ( :';""
O cyy\'l t- "";':\"'1 1 ,~:\,'
;,V'
Ç).~''{ \ \
.. )
i.J ()\.. ~..J() ',:-
r-t-\.Ji olr0 }t
'I
'Ylj
-;d&tt:
\~r-IC_'}'_/ _ _
b>C'ti'
r
QtC.\ r(\ \ DCÀ.EhJ'D 1-t
"-! \:1:..) ;::'/'{€.
H-e
.'1
44. Ii YOU •••
Keep company wtth the wtses and you wtll become wtse.
(Conserve a companhia dos sábios e você se tornará um sábio.)
Folk dance in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
-
If you If you If you If you
have money ... you will visit Brazilian cities, won't you?
have time you will get to know Brazilian folklore, won't you?
go to a ball you will dance, won't you?
had a girl friend you would give her a present, wouldn't you?
QUESTION TAG - FUTURE AND CONDITIONAL parte afirmativa
fi nal negativo
Vou wiLl go, She would come,
won't you? wouldn't she?
parte negativa
fi nal afi rmativo
li!
li!
•
•
He won't come on time, He wouldn't go,
•
•
will he? would he?
Observe outros exemplos: They will come next year, won't they? Vou would buy this house, wouldn't you?
(Você irá, não irá?) (Ela viria, não viria?)
(Ele não virá a tempo, virá?) (Ele não iria, iria?)
ACTlVITIES
2. The children were entertained by the clown,
1. Complete com tags (futuro e condicionai):
\ >o){J10YJlt~
a) They will come tomorrow, won't they? b) They would come tomorrow, wouldn't they?
3. He was innocent, vJQ/y{)lt
c) He will work in a factory, won't he?
4. The bus stops at that comer, CaVe""! ~ (J ?
d) He would work in a factory,
_
5. Vou didn't call the doctor, e) Vou will go next month,
_
f) John won't show the photos,
_
g) Mary would tell alie,
_
6. We aren't disturbing Vou,
H-C?
od ~Cu OJJ 2 \)i
7. The store is managed very well, h) Vou will live in Paris,
. I
8. The water wasn't boiling, \}:) 11), _
i) She would need money,
_
j) They would read the book,
_
k) She will not marry vou,
1h{~
I~?
\ 1b:t\\ '
_
'
)1
?
\.(
U
? ~ r\ o~
.
13. The girls aren't ready,
X
)(
3.
4. 5.
2 didn't she
were they
was he
wasn't he
was she
doesn't it
does it
does he
didn't Vou
do vou
are we
aren't we
are Vou
isn't it
is he
isn't he
weren 't they
)(
X
did Vou
6.
X
7.
/
8.
~'
was it
wasn't it
was he
9.
X
did it
did they
does he
10.
is it
is he
11.
isn't he
12.
does it
13.
I
/
~
are they
>(
X
!--(' , !
X
---1
f
!-fi?
Qf \ ,) ~ J)?
didn't he
was he
X
'j
/\
12. He writes short stories,).k-A0L.J/~ I
LOTTERV - TAGS
2.
?
A'r
11. It's ann~JYing to wait a long time for a bus,
~?
did he
t?
10. It's difficult to tell someone bad news, . , y ,~
1. Jim invited Clara to his graduation dance,
1.
?
9. "\h!3 .ineyv.rspapers didn't des~ribe the crisis,
2. Assinale as respostas certas na loteria e comple te as frases:
1
/}JC/ (.;
?
isn't it
isn't it
is it
doesn't he
does he
is she
aren't they
J
4.5 Prepositions
Mary is going to cross the street. She lives across the street.
Juliet is in the house. Juliet is inside the house. Romeo is out oI the house. Romeo is outside the house.
-"
/~-_._ - -:=-- --~;..'" .. ---/
"" -- p-_.- ./ / . -:. :_- :-~- -:'/' /"
.,..
-.---
--
.,
Juliet is at the window. Romeo is at the door. There is a picture of a boy at the top oI the page. There is a picture of a tree at the bottom oI the page..
The boys are playing behind the house. The girls are playing in Iront oI the house.
Some birds are flying over the trees.
Some birds are flying above the trees.
There are cows under the trees.
There are cows below the trees.
loho is beside Mary. loho is by Mary. loho is near Mary. loho is next to Mary. loho is dose to Mary.
She is goiog up the stairs while he is goiog down.
ACTIVITIES
dlS
1. Faça frases, empregando a preposição at:
the airport
d) John -
school
e) She -
live -
g) Read -
nu
e) Read at the top of the page.
f) There is a box under the chair.
45 Main Street 3.
f) He -
Hl
d) She is going up the stairs.
a) John - home John is at home.
b) The family - the table
c) They -
I
go to bed -
midnight
the top of the page
Substitua a preposição destacada por outra sinô nima: a) The sky above our heads is blue. lhe sky over our heads is blue.
b) Look at the kite over the building.
2. Reescreva as frases, empregando o antônimo das preposições destacadas: a) The submarine is above sea leveI.
c) There is a boat passing below the bridge.
b) The boys are inside the house.
d) Jane is sitting beside Mary.
c) There is a tree in front of the house.
e) He is standing ahead of the house.
REVIEW
1. Escreva na forma interrogativa:
d) Eu não conheci teu amigo, conheci?
a) I ate cheese yesterday. 5.
b) They go to school.
Escreva no futuro: a) Vou are vísiting Rio, aren't vou?
c) She forgot my name.
b) Vou are not going to a party, are vou?
d) Vou lost your key.
e) Miss Carol sings well.
2.
c) He writes short stories, doesn't he?
Escreva na forma negativa, observando em que tempo estão os verbos e se são auxiliares ou não:
6.
a) She drives well.
Escreva no condicional: a) She dances well, doesn't she?
b) He came from Rio last Saturday. b) Vou live in Paris, don't vou? c) They were busy and tired. d) Há likes to play tennis.
3.
c) Vou don't need money, do vou?
Complete com tags, observando os tempos dos verbos e se são auxiliares ou não: a) Vou are my friend,
_
b) She was happy,
_
c) They can't walk, d) She goes to school,
4.
7.
Reescreva as frases, empregando o antônimo das preposições destacadas: a) The submarine is above sea leveI.
_ _
e) He likes vou,
_
f) They went to the beach,
_
b) The men are inside the house.
Escréva em inglês: a) Eles são cantores, não são?
c) The bank is far from the school.
b) Vocês podem andar, não podem? d) There is a tree behind the house. c) Você esteve em Londres, não esteve?
Prepositions
The man is walking through the field to reach the road. The farmer planted many trees along the road.
Tuesday is after Monday.
Tuesday is before Wednesday.
Tuesday is between Monday and Wednesday.
(Between: entre dois; among: entre muitos.)
"Romeo and luliet" was written by Shakespeare.
I cut my finger with a knife.
I prefer to traveI by plane.
Without money you can't buy anything.
The mouse is jumping into the box.
The mouse is jumping in the box.
Now it is jumping out of the box.
e
ACTIVITIES
1. Use as preposições after e before, segundo o modelo:
c) Do vou like to travei by ship?
a) Sunday: Sunday comes after Saturday and before Monday. d) Do vou like to travei by plane? b) Monday:
_
c) Tuesday:
_
d) VVednesday:
e) Do vou like to travei by train?
__
4. Traduza as frases: a) I will go by bus.
2.
e) Thursday:
__
f) Friday:
_
g) Saturday:
_
Empregue a preposlçao between, de acordo com o modelo:
b) This book was written by James Cooper.
c) There are many trees along the road.
d) I can see a camel walking through the deserto
a) (January -- February -- March) February is between January and March. b) (April - May -- June) e) Life is a fascinating adventure with or without money. c) (July -- August -- September)
5. Reescreva as frases, usando o antônimo das preposições destacadas: d) (October -- November -
3.
December)
a) The mouse is jumping into the box.
Responda de acordo com o modelo:
b) VVe went to the park before class.
a) Do vou like to travei by car? Ves, I Iike to travei by caro b) Do Vou like to travei by bus?
c) He is waiting inside the caro
.jfThe World Trade Center
Violence attracts violente.
(VioLênda atrai vioLênda.)
Cl Ü
~
€. -'
w
a:
8 The Twin Towers before the attack.
The Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York (417 and 415 meters high), the symbol of the American power, were destroyed by terrorists on 11th September, 2001. Everyone in the world was astonished. Do you know why they did it?
PASSIVE VOICE = VERB TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE Of THE MAIN VERB Exemplo: The twin towers were destroyed by terrorists. As torres gêmeas foram destruídas por terroristas. . Em inglês não é sempre necessário mencionar o agente da passiva. O que interessa é a ação feita e não a pessoa que a pratica. (Se tiver dúvida quanto aos particípios de verbos irregulares, consulte a lista da página 133).
J
ACTIVITIES
Mude da voz ativa para a passiva, observando os tempos verbais: a) Many people saw the attack. (to see - saw - seen) The attack was seen by many people. b) She left the money in the drawer.
(to leave - left - left)
c) The beaches were visited by the ladies.
d) The leaves were eaten by the oxen.
e) The cars were sold by Tom.
c) The cat drinks milk.
(to drink - drank - drunk)
3. Escolha a forma verbal que preenche correta mente a lacuna: a) The car was
d) The cat drank the milk.
(to drink - drank - drunk)
by him.
) to sell ) sold b) The flowers will be
e) Mary did the work.
(to do - did - done)
f) The gardener plants flowers.
(to plant - planted - planted)
g) Graham Bell invented the telephone. (to invent - invented - invented)
by him.
) to give ) given c) The door will be
_
by the
carpenter. ( ) to repair ( ) repaired d) These photos were
by her.
) to see ) saw ) seen h) Water covers a great part of the Earth. (to cover - covered - covered)
i) The mother took the children to the park.
(to take - took - taken)
2. Escreva no futuro: a) The work was done by Mary. The work will be done by Mary. b) The car was made in Brazi!.
e) The cheese was mlce.
) to eat
) ate
) eaten
by the
f) The leaves were cows.
) to eat
) ate
) eaten
by the
g) The glasses were children.
) to break
) broke
) broken
by the
L1ST Of IRREGULAR VERBS Infinitive to be to become to begin to blow to break to bring to buil.d to burst to buy to cast to catch to choose to come to cost .tQ..cut_ to deal to dig to do to draw to dream to drink to drive to eat to faU to feed to feel to fight to find to fly to forget to freeze to get to give to go to grow to hang to have to hear to hide to hit to hold to hurt to keep to know to lay to lead to learn to leave to lend to let to lie to light to lose
Simple Past Past Participle was, were been became become began begun blown blew broke broken brought brought built built burst burst bought bought cast cast caught caught chosen chose come carne cost cost cut cut dealt dealt dug dug dane did drew drawn dreamed, dreamt dreamt drank drunk drove driven ate ~ feU fallen fed fed felt ..-WL. fought fought found found flown flew forgotten forgot froze frozen got got given gave gane went grew grown hung hung had had heard heard hid hidden hit hit held held hurt hurt kept kept knew known laid laid led led learned learned left left lent lent let let lain lay lit lit lost lost
--
Translation ser, estar tornar-se começar soprar quebrar trazer construir arrebentar comprar arremessar pegar escolher vir custar cortar negociar cavar fazer desenhar sonhar beber dirigir comer cair alimentar sentir lutar encontrar voar esquecer gelar conseguir dar ir crescer pendurar ter ouvir esconder bater segurar machucar guardar conhecer pôr, deitar guiar aprender deixar, partir emprestar deixar, permitir, alugar jazer, estar deitado iluminar, acender perder
Simple Past made meant met paid put read rode rang rase ran said saw sold sent set shook shone shot showed shut sang sank sat slept slid slit smelt spoke sped spent spoiled, spoilt spread sprang stood stole struck swore swept swam swung took taught told
Infinitive to.make to mean to meet to pay to put to read to ride to ring to rise to run
~
to see to seU to send to set to shake to shine to shoot to show to shut to sing to sink to sit to sleep to slide to slit to smell to speak to speed to spend to spoil to spread to spring to stand to steal to strike to swear to sweep to swim to swing to take to teach to tell t~ought to think threw to throw .to-úIidêf"stand understood to wake woke wore to wear wed to wed to wet wet won to win to wring wrung wrote to write
®)
,-r' I
f
'r
Past Participle made meant met paid put read ridden rung risen run said seen sold sent set shaken shone shot shown shut sung sunk sat slept slid slit smelt spoken sped spent spoilt spread sprung stood stolen struck sworn swept swum swung taken taught told thought thrown understood woken worn wed wet won wrung written
C-b-P
Translation fazer significar encontrar-se com pagar pôr ler cavalgar tocar a campainha erguer-se correr dizer ver vender enviar colocar, fixar sacudir brilhar atirar, disparar mostrar fechar cantar afundar sentar dormir escorregar fender, rachar cheirar falar apressar-se gastar estragar espalhar saltar ficar de pé roubar bater jurar varrer nadar balançar tomar ensinar contar, dizer pensar arremessar entender acordar vestir, usar desposar umedecer ganhar, vencer espremer escrever
J
!t
