KERAPATAN DAN BERAT JENIS FARMASI FISIK
OLEH PRAKTEK G KELOMPOK 2:
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KERAPATAN DAN BERAT JENIS
I.TUJUAN Menentukan kerapatan an !erat "en#$ $uatu %at $erta apat &e&a'a ap(#ka$#n)a.
II. DASAR TEORI Kerapat Kerapatan an *+, aa(a' aa(a' &a$$a &a$$a per$at per$atuan uan -(u&e -(u&e paa paa ter&pe ter&perat ratur ur an tekanan tekanan terten tertentu/ tu/ an #n)atakan a(a& $#$te& 01$ a(a& 1ra& per $ent#&eter ku!#k * 10&3 4 1&(, an a(a& $atuan SI k#(1ra& per &eter ku!#k *k1&3,. M + 4 555 6 Berat "en#$ aa(a' per!an#n1an kerapatan ar# $uatu %at ter'aap kerapatan a#r )an1 #tentukan paa te&perature )an1 $a&a. Berat "en#$ &erupakan !#(an1an &urn# tanpa #&en$# )an1 apat #u!a' &en"a# kerapatan en1an &en11unakan ru&u$ )an1 00k. + %at 4 555 + a#r Berat "en#$ untuk pen11unaan prakt#$ p rakt#$ (e!#' $er#n1 # e7#n#$#kan $e!a1a# per!an#n1an &a$$a ar# $uatu %at ter'aap &a$$a $e"u&(a' -(u&e a#r )an1 $a&a paa $u'u 89. Nta$# )an1 $er#n1 #(aku #(akukan kan a(a& a(a& pe&!a0a pe&!a0aan an !erat !erat "en#$ "en#$ 292 2929/ 9/ 2989 2989// an 8989. 8989. An1ka An1ka )an1 )an1 perta& perta&aa &enu &enun" n"ukk ukkan an te&p te&per erat atur uree uara uara #&a #&ana na %at %at #t# #t#&! &!an an1 1 an an an1ka an1ka #!a; #!a;a' a' 1ar# 1ar#$$ r# r#n1 n1 &enun"ukan te&perature a#r )an1 #paka#. Berat "en#$ &erupakan $uatu karakter#$t#k !a'an )an1 pent#n1 an $er#n1 #1unakan a(a& pen1u"#an #ent#ta$ an ke&urn#an !a'an !at . B!t "en#$ aa(a' ra$# !!t $uatu %at ter'aap !!t %at !aku )an1 -(u&en)a $a&a paa $u'u )an1 $a&a an #n)atakan a(a& e$#&a(. B!t "en#$ &erupakan !#(an1an a!$trak
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Berat "en#$ untuk pen11unan prakt#$ prakt#$ (e!#' $er#n1 #e7#n#$# #e7#n#$#kan kan $e!a1a# per!an#n1an per!an#n1an &a$$a ar# $uatu %at ter'aap &a$$a $e"u&(a' -(u&e a#r )an1 $a&a paa $u'u atau te&peratur (a#n )an1 tertentu. Nta$# ter$e!ut $er#n1 #te&ukan a(a& pe&!a0aan !erat "en#$ : / /an /an . An1ka )an1 perta&a &enun"ukkan te&peratur uara #&ana %at #t#&!an1=an1ka # !a;a' 1ar#$ r#n1 &enun"ukkan te&peratur a#r )an1 #paka#. Buku>!uku 7ar&a$# &en11unakan patkan 2 . Berat Berat "en#$ "en#$ apat apat #tent #tentukan ukan en1an en1an &en11un &en11unakan akan !er!a1a !er!a1a## t#pe t#pe p#kn& p#kn&ete eter/ r/ nera0a nera0a M'r> M'r> ?e$tp'a(/ ?e $tp'a(/ '#r&eter an a(at>a(at (a#n. *Mart#n.@<, Mete penentuan untuk 0a#ran ter#r# ata$ : *6#1t.@8, *6#1t.@8, @.
Mete P#kn&eter. P#kn&eter. Pr#n$#p &ete #n# #n# #a$arkan #a$arkan ata$ penentuan &a$$a &a$$a 0a#ran an penentuan ruan1/ )an1 #te&pat# 0a#ran #n#. Untuk #n# #!utu'kan ;aa' untuk &en#&!an1 )an1 #na&akan p#kn&eter. Kete(#t#an &ete p#kn&eter akan !erta&!a' '#n11a &en0apa# kept#&u&an tertentu en1an !erta&!a'n)a -(u&e p#kn&eter. Kept#&u&an #n# ter(etak paa $ek#tar #$#
ruan1 < &(. 2. Mete Nera0a H#r$tat#k. Mete #n# !era$arkan 'uku& Ar0'#&ee$ )a#tu $uatu !ena )an1 #0e(upkan ke a(a& 0a#ran akan ke'#(an1an &a$$a $e!e$ar !erat -(u&e 0a#ran )an1 tere$ak. . Mete Nera0a M'r>?e$tp'a(. M'r>?e$tp'a(. Bena ar# ka0a #!ena&kan ter1antun1 paa !a(k t#&!an1an )an1 #tre' &en"a# @< !a1#an $a&a an #$#t#&!an1kan en1an !!t (a;an. Keuntun1an penentuan kerapatan en1an nera0a M'r>?e$tp'a( M'r>?e$tp'a( aa(a' pen11unan ;aktu )an1 $#n1kat an &ua' (ak$anakan. Kera Kerapat patan an atau atau density aa(a' aa(a' &a$$a &a$$a per $atuan $atuan -(u&e -(u&e// )a#tu )a#tu !!t !!t %at per $atuan $atuan -(u&e. Kerapatan "u1a &erupakan turunan !e$aran karena &en)an1kut &a$$a an -(u&e. Bata Bata$a $ann) nn)aa aa( aa(a' a' &a$$ &a$$aa per$ per$at atua uan n -(u& -(u&ee paa paa te&p te&per erat atur ur an an tekan tekanan an tert terten entu tu// an an #n)atakan a(a& $#$te& 01$ a(a& 1ra& per $ent#&eter ku!#k * ,. *Mart#n.@<, Ket#ka Ket#ka $uatu $uatu !u!uk #tuan1kan #tuan1kan kea(a& kea(a& $e!ua' ;aa'/ -(u&e )an1 &ene&pat# &ene&pat# ;aa' ter$e!ut ter1antun1 ar# 7aktr $epert# uuran part#ke(/ !entuk part#ke( an $#7at par&ukaan. Da(a& keaaan nr&a( !#a$an)a !#a$an)a akan ter#r# ar# part#ke( paat an ruan1 uara #ntrapart#ke( #ntrapart#ke( * k$n1 atau pr#>pr# ,. Part#ke( $en#r# "u1a ter#r# ata$ pr# tertutup atau pr# #ntrapart#ke(. J#ka $er!uk part#ke( #!#arkan an #!er# 1etaran atau tekanan/ part#ke( akan !er1erak re(at#7 ter'aap $atu $a&a (a#n untuk &en#n1katkan kerapatann)a. Paa ak'#rn)a kn#$# kerapatan &a&pat apat
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tun11a(. Stanar !r#t#$' 2 *@C, &ene7#n#$#kan t#1a !entuk )an1 !#$a #terapkan untuk part#ke(>part#ke(. Kerapatan part#ke( aa(a' "u&(a' &a$$a part#ke( #!a1# en1an -(u&en)a. I$t#(a' )an1 !er!ea !era$a( &un0u( ar# 0ara #&ana -(u&e #e7#n#$#kan: *G#!$n.2<<8, @.
Kerapatan Kerapatan part#ke part#ke(( $e"at# $e"at# aa(a' aa(a' ket#ka ket#ka -(u&e -(u&e #ukur #ukur t#ak t#ak &en0akup &en0akup pr# ter!uka ter!uka an pr#
tertutup an &erupakan $u$unan &ena$ar ar# $uatu $e#aan. 2. Kerapatan !u(k aa(a' ket#ka -(u&e #ukur pr# #ntra part#ke( an pr# antarpart#ke(. . Kerapatan &a&pat aaa' -(u&e -(u&e )an1 #(#'at ket#ka 7(u# !er1erak &e(e;at# part#ke(. Ha( #n# $an1at $an1at pent#n1 pent#n1 a(a& a(a& pe&!uat pe&!uatan an pen1en pen1enapan apan atau atau (aruta (arutan n tetap# tetap# "aran1 "aran1 #1una #1unakan kan a(a& a(a& pe&!uatan $e#aan paat. Ke$u(#tan uta&a paa $aat penentuan -(u&e $e!enarn)a ar# $er!uk !u(k/ #&ana t#1a t#pe ruan1>ruan1 uara atau rn11a apat #!eakan:*La0'&an.2<<, @.
Rn11a #ntrapart #ntrapart#ke( #ke( )an1 )an1 ter!uka > rn11a>rn1 rn11a>rn11a 1a terapat terapat #a(a& #a(a& part#ke( part#ke( tun11a(/tet tun11a(/tetap# ap#
ter!uka paa (#n1kun1an (uar. 2. Rn11a #ntrapar #ntrapart#ke( t#ke( )an1 )an1 tertutup tertutup rn11a>rn11a rn11a>rn11a terapat terapat #a(a& #a(a& part#ke( part#ke( tun11a(/ tun11a(/ tetap# tetap# tertutup paa (#n1kun1an (uar. . Rn11a antarpart#ke( ruan1>ruan1 uara antara ua part#ke( #n#-#u. Pr$# Pr$#ta$ ta$ &erupa &erupakan kan 'a$#( 'a$#( !a1# -(u&e -(u&e tta( tta( ar# ruan1> ruan1>rua ruan1 n1 rn11a rn11a *--, ter'a ter'aap ap -(u&e !u(k ar# !a'an $er#n1 #p#(#' untuk &&antau ke&a"uan k&pre$#. Pr$#ta$ "u1a !#$a #e7#n#$#kan $e!a1a# !a1#an a$ar r# $uatu $er!uk )an1 #te&pat# (e' pr#>pr# an #ukur paa keaaan )an1 e7#$#en$# atau $e!a1a# per!an#n1an antara kerapatan !u(k an kerapatan kerapatan $e"at#. *La0&an.2<<G#!$n.2<<8,
III. ALAT @. Nera0a E(e0tr#k 2. P#kn&eter . Ka(ku(atr 8. T#$$ue
I6. BAHAN
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8. para7#n .Auae$t
6. ARA KERJA I. Penentuan -(u&e p#kn&eter paa $u'u per0!aan @.Men#&!an1 en1an te(#t# p#kn&eter k$n1 a(a& keaaan !er$#' an ker#n1 2.Men1#$# p#kn&eter en1an auae$t '#n11a penu' (a(u #t#&!an1 . a#r )an1 &ene&pe( #u$ap en1an t#$$ue (a(u &en#&!an1 p#kn&eter en1an te(#t#. 8. Me(#'at ta!e( !erapa kerapatan auae$t paa $u'u per0!aan. . Per'#tun1an : B!t p#kr&eter a#r
: a 1ra&
B!t P#kr&eter k$n1
: ! 1ra&
B!t auae$t
: *a>!,40 1ra&
Kerapatan auae$t paa $u'u per0!aan *ta!e(, : *auae$t,
0 *1ra&, 6(u&e 6(u&e p#kr&eter p#kr&e ter
4 5555555555 aua auae e$t $t *1ra *1ra& & &( ,
4 6 &( II.
Penentuan Kerapatan an B!t Jen#$ at a#r an %at paat
@.P#kn&eter !er$#' an ker#n1/ &en1#$# penu' en1an %at 0a#r ke&u#an #tutup. 0a#ran )an1 &ene&pe( #u$ap en1an t#$$ue/ &en#&!an1 en1an te(#t#. M#$a( !!tn)a : D 1ra&
kerapatan kerapatan 0a#ran
4
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I6. I6. Penentuan Kerapatan an B!t Jen#$ at para7#n
P#1n para7#n auae$t 4 ) 1ra& Berat %at paat
4 1ra&
B!t p#1n auae$t 4 ) 1ra& B!t auae$t 4 *) ,>! 0> *) !, 6(u&e auae$t *, 4 55555 + auae$t 1ra& kerapatan4 55555 - %at paat DATA DAN ANALISA
NO BOBOT KOSONG*1,
@ 2/ 1 2 2/ 1 2/ 1 Rata rata
a#r paa $u'u 2 04
BOBOT PIKNO AIR *1, /2 1 /@ 1 /2 1
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BERAT AIR *1, 28/ 1 28/8 1 28/ 1 28/8
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6(u&e p#kn paa %at 0a#r Rep(#ka$# I Berat a#r4*!erat p#kn&eter a#r,>!erat p#kn&eter k$n1 4 /2 1>2/428/ 1
6(u&e p#kn&eter 28/ &( 28/ 28/ 28/
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Rep(#ka$# II Berat a#r4*!erat p#kn&eter a#r,>!erat p#kn&eter k$n1 4 /@ 1>2/428/81
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Rep(#ka$# I Berat a#r4*!erat p#kn&eter a#r,>!erat p#kn&eter k$n1 4 /2 1>2/428/ 1
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B Ta!e( penentuan kerapatan %at u"# a(k'( Rep(#ka$#
Berat p#kn&eter
Berat Berat p#kn&etera(k'( a(k'(*1,
Kerapatan 0u 1
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2 Berat a(k'( 44*!erat p#kn&eter a(k'(,>!erat a(k'(,>!erat p#kn&eter p#kn&eter k$n1 4 2/8>2/ 14@/ 1 Kerapatan %at 0a#r4
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Berat a(k'( 44*!erat p#kn&eter a(k'(,>!erat a(k'(,>!erat p#kn&eter p#kn&eter k$n1 4 2/>2/ 14@/ 1 Kerapatan %at 0a#r4
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Rata rata kerapatan %at 0a#r4
B!t "en#$ A(k'( *BJ,4
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2 Ta!e( Ta!e( Penentuaan kerapatan %at paat N
B!t P#kna#r p#kn penu'*1, k$n1*1,
P#kn%at paata#r* 1,
P#kna Berat a#r 6(u&e #r*1, )an1 %at paat #tu&pa'k &( an *1,
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Rata rata Berat para77#n paat4 1 6 6(u&e a#r )an1 #te&pu' 4 -(u&e %p *&(, -(u&e a#r 4+4
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6(u&e %at paat4
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Kerapatan para77#n paat 4 Rep(#ka$# @:
Kerapatan4
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6I. PEMBAHASAN Prat#ku& #n# !ertu"uan untuk &enentukan kerapatan an !!t "en#$ 0a#ran an paatan. Kerapatan aa(a' &a$$a per un#t -(u&e $uatu %at paa te&peratur tertentu !#a$an)a paa $u'u 2⁰ /2<⁰/<⁰ tap# )an1 $er#n1 #1unakan 2⁰ &enurt FI e#$# I6 'a( @<< Sean1kan !!t e7en#$# per!an#n1an antara !!t %at #!an#n1 en1an -(u&e %at paa $u'u tertentu *!#a$an)a paa $u'u 2,/ $ean1kan rapat "en#$ *$pe0#7#0 1ra-#t), aa(a' per!an#n1an antara !!t %at paa $u'u tertentu * a(a& !#an1 7ar&a$# !#a$an)a #1unakan 22,. Berat "en#$ #e7en#$#kan #e7en#$#kan $e!a1a# per!an#n1an kerapatan $uatu %at ter'aap kerapatan kerapatan a#r. Har1a Har1a keua %at #tu #tentukan paa te&peratur )an1 $a&a/ "#ka en1an t#ak 0ara (a#n )an1 k'u$u$. O(e' karena #tu/ #(#'at ar# e7en#$#n)a/ #$t#(a' !erat "en#$ $an1at (e&a'. Akan (e!#' 00k apa!#(a #katakan $e!a1a# kerapatan re(at#7. Berat "en#$ aa(a' per!an#n1an re(at#7 antara &a$$a "en#$ $e!ua' %at en1an &a$$a "en#$ a#r &urn#. &urn#. A#r &urn# !er&a$$a "en#$ @ 10&3 atau @<<<
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Menurut (#teratur *FI I6 /@,kerapatan a(0'( antara
Kerapatan ar# para77#n Rata rata kerapatan4
4@ 1&( kerpatan ar#
parra7#nt#ak &e&enu'# $)arat B" ar# para77#n a(& prakt#ku& #n# aa(a' @C8 "au ' (e!#' !e$ar (#teratur
Ke$a(a'an a(a& prakt#u& @. Pen#&!an1an Pen#&!an1an : ke$a(a' ke$a(a'an an ak#!at ak#!at !#$a #$e!a!kan #$e!a!kan karena karena t#&!an1an t#&!an1an )an1 )an1 $a&a atau atau !er1ant# 1ant# t#&!an1an/ $e'#n11a 'a$#( pen#&!an1an antara pen#&!an1an $atu en1an )an1 (a#nn)a t#ak $a&a. 2. ara penutupa penutupan n p#kn&eter p#kn&eter )an1 $a(a' $a(a' : 0ara penutupa penutupan n p#kn&eter p#kn&eter )an1 )an1 ter(a(u ter(a(u 0epat 0epat apat &en)e!a!kan a#r )an1 tu&pa' ter(a(u !an)ak/ $e'#n11a apat &e&pen1aru'# 'a$#( paa $aat pen#&!an1an. ara penutupan p#kn&eter )an1 $a(a'.
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8. B" a(0'( a(0'( )an1 # tentuka tentukan n
DAFTAR PUSTAKA •
•
•
D%ak;an / Mu'a&&a. 2<@< . Petunjuk . Petunjuk praktikum farmasi fisik I . . Un#-er$#ta$ Set#a Bu# / @> Mart#n A. A. N /Suar1#0k / J. / an 0a&&arata / J. @< . Farmasi . Farmasi Fisika: Fisika: Dasar-dasar farmasi fisika dalam ilmu farmasetika farmasetika// #ter"e&a'kan (e' $'#ta $'#ta / e#$# III / "#(# I / pener!#t UI /Jakarta / C><>@C/ 88>8/ >C Mart#n A. A. N /Suar1#0k / J. / an 0a&&arata / J. @< . Farmasi . Farmasi Fisika: Fisika: Dasar-dasar farmasi fisika dalam ilmu farmasetika farmasetika// #ter"e&a'kan (e' $'#ta $'#ta / e#$# III / "#(# II / pener!#t UI /Jakarta / 28>C@