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MINERAL AND ENERGY RESOURCES
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IMPORTANT TERMS Mneral : A substance which is found in the earth’s crust and which generally has a definite chemical compostion. Mineral Ore : It is the raw material extracted from the earth mixed with soil and other impurities. Mining: It is an economic activity of extracting minerals from the earth. Fossil-fuel: there are fuels formed by the decomposition of organism under the earth or sea bed. Non ferrous minerals : minerals devoid of iron contents are termed as non ferrous minerals. e.g. Zinc, Lead. Ferrous minerals: There are metals which contain Iron. e.g. Iron and manganese ore. Thermal electricity: The electricity produced by using coal, petroleum, Atomic minerals. Hydro electricity: The electricity generated by water. Conventional resources: These are non renewable sources of energy e.g. coal. Non-conventional resources : There are renewable sources of energy. e.g. solar energy. Galena : It is an Ore of lead.
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MINERAL
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A substance which is found in the earth’s crust and which generally has a definite chemical composition. Importance of minerals : (i) Everything we use are made from minerals. (ii) The country earns foreign exchange from the export of minerals. (iii) Mining and extraction of minerals provide employment of the people. (iv) Minerals like coal and petrolieum are also the main source of power.
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CLASSIFICATION OF MINERALS
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Metallic Minerals : We get metals from these minerals metallic minerals further be devided into ferrous and nonferrous. (i) Ferrous minerals : The minerals which contain Iron ore are called ferrous minerals. e.g. Iron Ore, Nickel, cobalt etc. (ii) Non ferrous : Minerals containing metals other than iron ore are known as non-ferrous minerals. Gold, silver, Pltinum etc. (iii) Precious minerals : The minerals which have very high economic value are known as Precios minerals e.g. Gold, Silver etc.
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(iv) Energy minerals : The minerals which provide energy or power are known as energy minerals. e.g. Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas etc. MODE OF OCCURRENCE OF MINERALS Minerals in igneous and metamorphic rock : The minerals are found in crevies, faults or joints. The smaller occurence are called veins and larger lodes. In most cases, they are formed when minerals in liquid/molten/gaseous from are force upwards through cavities towards the earth’s surface. They cool and solidifies as they rise. major metallic minerals like Tin, Cooper, zinc and Lead etc are obtained from veins and lodes. Minerals in decomposed rocks : This involves the decomposition of surface rocks, and the removal of soluble constituents, leaving a residual mass of weathered material containing ores, Bauxite is formed this way. Minerals in alluvial deposits : Creation minerals may occur as alluvial deposits in stands of valley floors and the base of hills. These deposits are called “Placer deposits” and generally contain minerals which are nor corroded by water. E.g. Gold, Silver Tin etc. Minerals in sedimentary rocks : In sedimentary rocks a number of minerals occur in beds or layers. They have been formed as a result of deposition, accumulation and concentration in horizontal stratas. Coal and some forms of iron ore have been concentrated as a result of long periods under great heat and pressure. Gypsum, salt, Potash and sodium salt are formed as a result of evaporation especially in arid regions. Minerals in oceans water : The minerals which are formed in ocean water are called ocean water minerals e.g. comon salt, Magnasium and Bromine are largely derived from oceam water. Minerals are very unevenly distributed : (i) Minerals in Deccan : The peninsular rock contain most of the reserves of coal, metallic minerals, mica and many other non-metallic minerals. (ii) Minerals in western and eastern region of India : Sedimentary rocks of the western and eastern parts of India. i.e., Gujarat and Assam have most of the petroleum deposits (iii) Minerals in Rajasthan : Rajasthan with the rocks system of the peninsula, has reserves of many nonferrous minerals. (iv) Minerals in north India : North India is almost devoid of economics minerals. Concentration of minerals in the ore, the case of extraction and closeness to the market play an important role in affecting the economic viability of a reserve.
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FERROUS MINERALS
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Iron Ore : (i) Iron ore is the basic minerals. (ii) India is rich in good quality iron ores. (iii) Magnetite : This is the best quality of iron ore and contains about 72% iron. It has exellent magnetic qualities, especially valuable in the electrical industry. (iv) Hematite : It is most important industrial iron ore in terms of quantity used. It contains 60% to 70% of pure iron. (v) The major iron ore belts in India are : (a) Orissa – Jharkhand belt : In Orissa high grade hematite ore is found in Badampahar mines in The Mayurbhanj and Kendujhar district. In Singhum district of jharkhand hematite Iron ore is mined in goa and Noamundi.
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(b) Durg-Bastar-Chandrapur Belt : This belt lies in Chhattisgarh and maharashtra. Very high grade hematites are found in Bailadila range of hills in the Bastar district. It has the best physical properties needed for steel making. Iron ore from these mines is exported to Japan and South Korea via Vishakhapatnam, port. (c) Bellary chitradurga – Chilk Manglur – Tumkur : Belt is in Karnataka. The Kudermukh mines, Karnatka are a 100% export unit, know to be one of the largest in the world. The ore is transported as slurry through a pipeline to a port near Mangalore. (d) Maharashtra-Goa belt : The belt includes the state of Goa and Ratanagiri district of maharashtra. The ores are not of very high quality. Iron ores is exported through Marmango port. MANGANESE Uses : (i) It is mainly used in the manufacturing of steel and ferro-mangnese alloy. (ii) It is also used in manufacturing bleaching powder, insecticides and paints. (iii) It increases the strength of steel. (iv) It is also used for making glass and chemical. Importance : (i) India is one of the leading producer of manganese. (ii) Manganese of India is of high quailty and is in great demand. (iii) Japan is the leading importer of India’s manganese. Production : Maharashtra, M.P., Orissa, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
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COPPER
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Properties : (i) The physical properties of copper make it valuable to industry. (ii) Being malleable, ductile and a good conductor, It is mainly used in electrical cables, electronics and chemical industry. (iii) India is critically deficient in the reserve and production of cooper. Uses : (i) It is useful in cooking utensils, radiation and refrigerator. (ii) It is used in ranging from rain gauges to electronic system for rockets. (iii) Large amount of copper wires are used in various kind of electrical equipment. Production : Madhya Pradesh : 52% (Balaghat mines) Jharkhand : Singbhum, Hazaribagh and Chaibua Rajasthan : 1. Along the aravali range. 2. Khetri – Singhana belt in Jhunjhunu. BAUXITE Bauxite is the main ore of aluminium. Bauxite deposits are formed by the decomposition of rock rich in aluminium silicates. Uses : (i) It is a good conductor of heart and electricity. (ii) It is used to make cans for various beverages. (iii) It can be pressed into a thin foil. (iv) Because it is light and strong, it is used in space craft. (v) The bodies and parts of some automobilies are made from aluminium alloy. Production :
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(i) Orissa – 45% (ii) Gujarat _ 17% (iii) Jharakhand – 14% (iv) Maharashtra -11% (v) Other – 13% (Chattisgarh etc.) India is the largest producer of bauxite in South Asia.
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NON-METALLIC-MINERALS
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Mica :It is a non metallic minerals. India is the largest producer of mica and it produces more than 60% world’s mica. Main Properties and Uses of Mica : (i) It is made up of a series of plates or leaves. (ii) It can be converted into thin sheets. (iii) It can be black, green, red yellow or brown. (iv) It has excellent di-electric strength, low powerless factor, insulating properties and high resistance. (v) It is indispensable minerals used in electric and electronic industries. Production : Northern edge : Chotta Nagpur Pleteau Koderma Gaya-Hazaribagh belt of Jharkhand. Rajasthan : Ajmer Andhra Pradesh : Nellore Mica belt. ROCK MINERALS Lime stone : Uses and properties (i) It is associated with rocks composed of either calcium carbonate of magnesium, or mixture of these two. (ii) It is found in sedimentary rocks. (iii) It is used for variety of purposes. (iv) It is a basic input in cement Industry. (v) It is also used by chemical, iron and steel industry. Distrubition : Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat.
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CONSERVATION OF MINERALS Minerals are considered back bone of an economy. Most of the minerals are non-renewable. So there is urger need to conserve them. Measures to conserve the minerals : (i) Minerals should be used in a planned and judicious way. (ii) Wastage of minerals should be minimised. (iii) Modern technology should be used for the exploitation of minerals. (iv) Export of minerals should be minimised. (v) We should think about the use of substitutes in order to save minerals. (vi) We should encourage recycling of metals. ENERGY RESOURCES Energy resources : The resources which are used for generating energy are known as energy resources e.g. Coal, Petroleum etc. CLASSIFICATION OF ENERGY RESOURCES
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Conventional Source Non-Conventional Source Conventionial Resources : Conventional power resources are those which are exhaustible. (i) Once they have been used up, they cannot be replased e.g. coal, petroleum. (ii) They are very costly and causes pollution. (iii) These are going to last just for 100 – 200 years. (iv) These are non-renewable source of energy e.g. coal, petroleum, uranium. Non-Conventional Resource : There are resources of energy which can be renewed in a short period. (i) They are known as renewable resources. (ii) They are free of cost. (iii) They do not cause any pollution. (iv) They are going to last forever. (v) e.g. wind, water, solar energy, geothermal energy.
CONVENTIONAL SOURCES OF ENERGY Coal : (i) Coal provides a substantial part of the Nation’s energy need. It is used for power generation. (ii) India is highly dependent on coal for meeting its commercial energy requirements. (iii) Coal is formed due to compression of plant material over million of years. (iv) Coal is formed in a variety of forms depending on the degrees of compression and the depth and time of burial. Varieities of coal and its availability : 1. Anthracite Coal : (i) This is the best quality of Coal and contain over 80% carbon. (ii) It is very hard, compact jet black Coal having a semi metallic luster. (iii) It has the highest due to heating value and burns without smoke or root, which make it suitable For demostic use. (iv) It is found only in Jammu Kashmir and that too is small quanitity. 2. Bituminous coal : (i) This is the most widely used and contain 60 to 80% carbon. (ii) It is very hard, compact, bittle and is usually of black colour. (iii) It has the highest heating value and burns without smoke or root, which make it suitable for Domestic use. (iv) It is found only in jammu Kashmir and that too in small quantity. 3. Lignite : (i) This is the most widely used coal and contain 60 to 80% carbon. (ii) Lignite is a lower grade coal which is soft with high moisture constent and contain about 60% Carbon. (iii) Its colour varies from dark to black brown. (iv) It is found only in Jammu Kashmir and that too in small quanity. 4. Peat : (i) This is the first state of transformation of wood into coal. (ii) It contains 50-60% carbon. (iii) It burns like wood, gives less heat, emits more smoke and leaves a log of ash after burning.
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Classifiaction of Coal field in India :
Gondwana Coal Fields Tertiary Coal Field Gondwana Coal Field : Gondwana coal is over 200 millions years in age. Gondwana coal metallurgical coal is located in Damodar valley (Weat Bengal, Jharkhand). Jharia, Raniganj, Bokaro, Godavari, Mahanadi, Son Wardha Valleys. Tertiary Coal Field : The tertiary rock system bears coals of younger age which are onle about 55 millions years old and are mainly confined to the extra peninsula. Important area of tertiary coal include parts of Assam, Meghalaya, Arunchal Pradesh, Nagaland.
PETROLEUM The world ‘petroleum’ has been derived from two Latin words, Petra (meaning rock) and oleum (meaning Oil). Thus petroleum is oil obtained from rocks, particularly sedimentary rocks of the earth. Therefore, its also called minerals oil. Petroleum is an inflamble liquid that is composed of hydrocarbons. Use of petroleum : (i) It is the major source of power for vehicles. (ii) It provides the most important lubricating agents and is used as important raw material. (iii) Petroleum refieneries act as a ‘nodel industry’ for many industries like textile, fertilizer and chemical industry. Formation : (i) In regions of folding, anticlines or dams, oil is trapped in the crest of the upfold. (ii) Gas, being lighter usually occurs above the oil. (iii) 63% of India’s petroleum production is from Mumbai high, 18% from Gujarat and 16% from Assam. (iv) Ankeleshwar is the most is the most important field of Gujarat. Assam is the oldest oil producing state of India.
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NATURAL GAS
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Advantages of natural gas : (i) It can be used both as source of energy and also as a industrial raw material in petro-chemical Industry. (ii) Natural gas is found in association with or without petroleum. (iii) It takes less time to built a power plant based on natural gas. (iv) It is easy to transport gas through gas pipes line. (v) It is considered an environment friendly fuel because of low carbondioxide emission. (vi) It is the fuel the present century. Gas pipe lines : 1700km long Hazira-Bijapur-Jagdishur cross country gas pipe line links Mumbai-high and Bassin with fertilizer, power and industrial complex in Western an Northern India. ELECTRICITY Electricity is generated mainly in two ways (i) By running water which drives hydro turbines to generate hydro electricity.
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(ii) By burning of other fuels such as coal, petroleum and natural gas to drives turbines to produce thermal power. 1. Hydro Electricity : (i) It is generated by fast flowing water. (ii) It is a renewable resource of energy. (iii) India has a number of multi purpose project like the Bhagra Nangala, Damodar valley Corporation, the Kopili Hydel power Project etc. Producing hydro electricity. (iv) These do not cause any pollution. (v) These should be near the sources of energy. 2. Thermal Power : (i) It is generated by coal, petroleum and natural gas. (ii) These are exhaustible resources of energy. (iii) These causes pollution. (iv) These can be set at any place. 3. Nuclear or Atomic Energy : (i) It is obtaining by altering the structure of atoms energy is released in the form of heat and this is Used to generate electric power. (ii) Uranium and Thorium, which are available in Jharkhand and the Aravli ranges of Rajasthan are used for unclear power. (iii) The monazite sand of Kerala is also rich in thorium. (iv) It has vest potential for future development. (v) It is very economical.
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NON-CONVENTIONAL ENERGY SOURCES. (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
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These are non exhaustible. They are renewable sources of energy. They do not cause environment pollution and are freely available. They energy resources are in great demand but production of fossil fuels in limited so non conventional sources of energy are hope of the future. Solar Energy : (i) Photovolaic technology converts sunlight directly into electricity. (ii) It is expected that solar energy plant will be able to minimize the dependence of rural households on firewoods and dung cake, which in turn will contribute to environment conservation and adequate supply of manure in agriculture. (iii) The largest solar plant of India is located at Madhopur, near bhuj, to sterilize milk cans. Wind Power : (i) India now ranks as a ‘wind super power’ in the world. (ii) The cost inputs are only at the initial stage and the power generation starts immediately after commissioning. (iii) Once the generation starts, cost free power is available for about 20 years. (iv) The largest wind forms cluster is located in Tamil Nadu from Nagarcoil to Madurai. Apart from these Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Gujrat, Kerala, Maharashtra and Lakhdweep have important wind farms. Biogas : (i) Shrubs, farms waste, animal and human waste are used to produce biogas.
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(ii) Decomposition of organic matter yields gas, which has higher thermal efficiency in comparison to kerosene dung cake and cake and charcoal. (iii) Biogas plant are setup at municipal, cooperative and individual level. (iv) The plants using cattle dung are known as ‘Gobar gas plant’. These provide twin benefits to the farmers in the form of energy and improved quality of manure. (v) It burns without smoke it is cheapest gaseous fuel. Tidal Energy : Oceanic tides can be used to generate electricity. Food gate dams are built across the inlest. During high Tide water flows into the inlet and gets trapped when the gate is closed. After the tides falls our side the flood gate, the water retained by the food gate flows back to the sea via a pipe that carries it through a power generating turbine. In India, the Gulf of katchh, provides ideal conditions for utilizing tidal energy. Two experimental project have been set up in India one is located in the Parvati Valley near Manikaram in Himachal Pradesh and the other is ion the puga Valley, Ladakh.
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CONSERVATION OF ENERGY RESOURCES Energy is the basic requirement for economic development. Consumption of energy in all forms has been steadily rising all over the country. There is an urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development. Promotion of energy conservation and increased use of renewable energy sources are the twin planks of sustainable energy. We have to adopt a cautious approach for the judicious use of our limited energy resources.
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PRODUCTION OF MINERALS SHOWING STATEWISE SHARE IN PRECENT Iron – Ore Orissa : 25 % Chattisgarh : 19 % Goa : 17 % Jharkhand : 12 5 Karnataka : 26 % Others : 1 % Manganese Madhya Pradesh :22 % Kamataka : 15 % Orissa : 33 % Otehrs : 30 % Copper Rajasthan : 42 % Madhya Pradesh : 58 % Bauxite Orissa : 45 % Gujarat : 17 % Jharkand : 14 % Maharashtra : 11% Others 13 % Limestone
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Andhra Pradesh : 16 % Madhya Pradesh : 15 % Rajasthan : 15 % Gujarat : 11 % Tamil Nadu : 9 % Others : 34 %
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GROWTH AND DISTRIBUTION OF NUCLEAR ENERGY Nuclear Power Station Tarapur Rana pratap sagar Kalpakkam Narora Kalkrapara Kaiga
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Capicity M.W 320 440 470 440 220 _
DISTRIBUTION OF MINERAL RESOURCES IN INDIA Mineral
1 Iron-ore
2 Manganese
3 Bauxite (Main source Of Alumini um) 4 Mica
Utility / Uses
Basic of economic structure 71.5 million tones in 1997-98 and machine manufacturing Supplement of iron, making 1.6 million tones in 1997-97 resins,colour and pesticides
8 Mineral oil or Petroleum
Chhatigarh, Jharkhand, Orissa, Goa and Karnataka
Karnataka, Orissa, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra and Goa
5.8 million tones in 1997-98 Chhatisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu
Used in electrical goods and 2,650 tones in 1997-98 dyeing industry.
Jharkhand, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh
Alloy
7 Coal
Name of the Areas in india
Light metal, aeroplanes and wire making.
5 Copper
6 Gold
Annual Production
minerals, electric 4.7 million tones in 1997-98 cables, symbol of ancient civilization. Precious metal, measure of economic standard, 2,600 kilogram in 1997-98 Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh useful in making ornaments. Fuel, useful in minerals and 318.98 millions tones in 1997- Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, manufacturing 98 Chhatishgarh, Orissa, industries. Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, West Bengal The Mumbai high, Assam, Gujarat, Used in aeroplanes, trains, 33.9 million tones in 1997-98 Arunchal Pradesh, Andhra buses, factories etc. Pradesh, Tamil Nadu
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9 Lead
Negligible
Zawar in Rajasthan
Map Work 1.
On the outline map of India show the distribution of following minerals. (a) Area of Bauxite – Chhatishgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu. (b) Area of iron – Chhatishgarh, Jharkhand, Orissa, Goa Karnataka. (c) Area of copper – Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Andhra pradesgh. (d) Area limestone – Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattigarh etc.
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On an outline map of India show the following :(1) Petroleum Producing Areas – Mumbai high, Assam, Gujarat, Arunachal, Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh (2)Oil Refineries in India – There are 18 oil refineries in India which are as follow – Two at Bombay (Mumbai), Mangalore (Karnataka , Kochi or Cochin (Kerala, Chennai (Tamil
Nadu),
Vishakhapatnam (AP) Haldia (West Bengal), Digboi (Assam) Guwahati (Assam), Tatipaka (Andhra Pradesh), Narimanam (Tamil Nadu) Jamnagar (Gujarat) Some new oil refineries are under construction in Bhatinda (Punjab) and Bina (Madhya Pradesh) 3.
Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow.
(1) What is the contribution of coal in the installed capacity of electricity ? (2) Why is the share of coal continuing to be the highest ?
EXERCISE 10
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VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.
What are minerals ? What are ores ? What are ferrous minerals ? What are non ferrous minerals ? Name any two carrier rocks of minerals ? What are veins ? What are lodes ? What are placer deposits ? Why is copper used in the electrical and electronic industry ? What is the economic importance of magnetite ? How can the energy resources of classified ? what is H.BJ. ? Name the importance oil field of Assam & Gujarat. How is nuclear energy obtained ? How is Bauxite ore formed ? What are conventional resources of energy ? What are non conventional resources of energy ? Name the minerals which are used to generate atomic or nuclear energy ? What is a biogas ? What is the importance of petroleum refineries /
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SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Distinguish between the following (A) Ores and minerals (B) Ferrous and non-ferrous minerals (C) Conventional and non conventional sources of energy (D) Thermal and Hydropower What is the importance of the energy resources for an economy ? Why do you think that solar energy has a bright future in India ? What role dose power play in the industrialization of our country ? What are the four types of coal ? Write one feature of each ? What is the utility of manganese ? Describe its distribution ? What is the importance of minerals ? What are the uses of copper ? Describe its distribution ? How do minerals occur in sedimentary rocks ? What are the uses of aluminium ? What are the major properties of mica ? Explain the importance of coal as energy resources. What are the uses of petroleum ? Explain the formation. Minerals are indispensable part of our lives. Explain the statement by giving four examples.
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2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
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LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS Explain the development of non conventional sources of energy in India. What are conventional sources of energy ? Why is water, as a sources of energy, more important than coal and petroleum ? Explain. Describe any six measures for efficient use of energy ? Describe the distribution of coal in India. Describe the measures to conserve minerals resources. ‘Minerals in India are unevenly distributed. Explain. Why is there need to conserve minerals ?
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8. 9. 10. 11.
“India is rich in minerals resources”. Justify the statement by giving four examples. Describe the importance of Coal as a source of energy. Explain the distribution of copper in India. Explain the distribution of Iron ore in India.
EXERCISE
FOR SCHOOL / BOARD EXAM.
MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE QUESTIONS 1.
2.
Kundremukh is an important Iron ore mine of :(A) Kerala
(B) Madhya Pradesh
(C) Karnataka
(D) Andhra Pradesh
Khetri mines in Rajasthan are famous for :(A) Iron-ore
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(D) None of the above
(C) Iron ore
(D) copper
(C) Thorium
(D) coal
(C) Metamorphic
(D) None of these
(C) Both of these
(D) None of these
(C) Bastar
(D) Ratnagiri
(C) U.K. & U.S.A.
(D) Japan & S. Korea
(C) Mica
(D) Copper
(B) Mica
(B) Uranium
(B) Sedimentary
(B) Haematite
(B) Mayurbhanj
(B) U.K & South Korea
(B) Iron-ore
Which mineral is used as the basic raw material for the cement industry :(A) Lime stone
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(C) Ganga valley
Balaghat mines of Madhya Pradesh are famous for :(A) Zinc
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(B) Damodar valley
Two importers of iron ore in India :(A) China & Japan
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(D) Karnatak
Name an iron ore mine which is a 100% export unit :(A) Kudremukh
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(C) Gujarat
Which is the finest iron ore ? (A) Magnetie
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(B) Andhra Pradesh
Name the rocks in which coal is formed :(A) Igneous
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(D) Bhopal
Which mineral is contained in the…………….. sand ? (A) Oil
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(C) Thar desert
(B) Madhopur
Koderma is the leading producer of :(A) Bauxite
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(D) Rajasthan
The Rhur of India is :(A) Godavari valley
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(C) Orissa
(B) Tamil Nadu
Kakrapara nuclear power station is located in the states :(A) Maharashtra
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(D) Lime stone
The largest solar power plant is located at :(A) Ahemdabad
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(C) copper
Neyveli lignite mines are located at :(A) Karnataka
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(B) Mica
(B) Copper
(C) Manganese
(D) None of these
Which is the most important energy resource of India :-
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(A) Petroleum 16.
(B) Natural gas
(B) Peat
(B) Peat
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(B) Turbine
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(C) Anthracite
(D) Bituminous
(C) Both of these
(D) None of theses
Major solar power plant of Haryana is :(A) Gurgaon
(B) Sarai Saadi
(C) Madhopur
(D) Kalyanpur
The nuclear energy contributes …………% of our total power generation :(A) 2.7
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(D) Anthracite
Name the technology which converts sunlight directly into electricity ? (A) Photo voltaic
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(C) Bituminous
Which is the highest quality hard coal ? (A) Lignite
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(D) Hydro power
Which is the most popular coal for commercial use :(A) Lignite
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(C) Coal
(B) 2.8
(C) 2.9
(D) 3.0
Mineral are deposited and occumulated in the strata of in which of the following rocks :(A) Sedimentary Rocks
(B) Igneous
(C) Metamorphic Rocks
(D) None of the above
Which one of the following is contained in the Monazite sand ? (A) Oil
(B) Uranium
(C) Thorium
(D) Coal
For what purpose is Baurite or aluminium mainly used ? (A) It is mainly used in textile industries (B) It is mainly used in aircraft industries (C) It is mainly used in industries (D) It is mainly used in aircraft industries
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In which state Kolar gold fied located ? (A) Jharkhand
(B) Kerala
(C) Karnataka
(D) Andhra pradesh
Why is Neyveli famous for ? (A) Coal deposits
(B) Mica deposits
(C) Iron deposits
(D) Aluminium deposits
Kochi oil refinery is located in which sate ? (A) Tamil Nadu
(B) Maharashtra
(C) Kerala
(D) Gujarat
MINERALS AND ENERGY RESOURCES
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTION 1. (C) 2. (C) 3. (B)
4. (B)
5. (C)
6. (B)
7. (B)
8. (C)
9. (B)
10.(A)
11.(A)
12.(D)
13.(D)
14.(A)
15.(C)
16.(C)
17.(D)
18.(A)
19.(A)
20.(C)
EXERCISE # 2
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P
R E
-F O
U N D A T IO N
MANISH
B Y
KUMAR
SOCIAL SCIENCE
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