Morphology is the study of the construction of words out of morphemes Morpheme The morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of language. (lexical and grammatical meaning) A morpheme mu…Full description
English MorphologyFull description
English MorphologyFull description
English MorphologyFull description
Deskripsi lengkap
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morphology
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grryy
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A linguistic book with the theory of morphology. This book tells about the corpus of morphology in Indonesian.
River Morphology - Garde - IndiaFull description
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MORPHOLOGY - the study of MORPHEMES – building building elements used to form composite words or grammatical grammatical units;
- Q: Which is the smallest meaningful unit in language? re-open-ed meaning
meaning
'again'
grammatical function
'open'
'past tense'
- free morphemes can stand by themselves as single words: wo rds: ROOT vs. BASE
'a
red│head│ed girl'
root
affix
root
base
- Q: How do we call words consisting co nsisting of two or more roots, e.g. 'blackbird'? Lexical morphemes : open class of words - Free morphemes Functional morphemes (conjunctions, prepositions, articles, pronouns): closed class of words
- bound m moorphemes are not independent; attached to other forms: AFFIXES (prefixes, suffixes, infixes) - STEM
is the basic word-form (free morpheme) used with bound morphemes :
un prefix
dress
stem
-ed suffix
care
stem
-less suffix
-ness suffix
- Q: What is the stem in Latin cor, cordis, n. ? And what is the base in Croatian udžbenik ? - CLITICS are contracted forms dependent on a host root morpheme: I 've...He's... - ALLOMORPHS realisations of a morpheme that are in complementary distribution to each other: [s], [z], [iz] → PLURAL MORPHEME or MORPH (a phonetic realization of a morpheme)
- Q: What would we list as allomorphs of the morpheme PLURAL from this set of English words: dogs, oxen, deer, judges, curricula?
- DERIVATIONAL morphemes are used in forming new lexemes or derived words; restricted in their application to a certain group of word stems → LEXIS black – en ('make someone black')
pur – ify ('make sth. pure')
serv – er ('one who serves')
serv – ant ('one who serves')
*beautiless vs beatiful
- INFLECTIONAL morphemes are used to form grammatical constructions; can be applied to all the members of a given category → SYNTAX Let me tell you about Jim's two sister s. One likes to have fun and is always laughing . The other lik ed to study and has always tak en things seriously. One is the loud est person in the house and the other is quiet er than a mouse.
- Q: Can you think of a way to state the rule that will accomodate all the examples given here? teethmarks clawmarks *clawsmarks lice-infested roach-infested *roaches-infested
the feet-cruncher the finger-cruncher *the fingers-cruncher mice-infested rat-infested *rats-infested
Readings: Dirven, R., M. Verspoor (2004) 'Meaningful building blocks'. In: Dirven, R., M. Verspoor (2004). Cognitive Exploration of Language and Linguistics. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins. 49-75. Poole, S.C. (1999) ' Morphology'. In: Poole, S.C. (1999) An Introduction to Linguistics.Hampshire/New York:Palgrave. 73-82. Yule, G. (1996). 'Morphology'. In: Yule, G. (1996). The Study of Language. CUP. 74-85.
