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Tails is an operating system like Windows or Mac OS, but one specially designed to preserve your anonymity and privacy Tails or The Amnesic Incognito Live System is a security-focused Debia…Full description
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OSc' Aglironvaig V`cdgikieq
Ix`rnvage Sqsv`o S`o`sv`r A
Noavq Pga|`rsavq
Xr`lnc` Ix`rnvage Sqsv`o $IS! ngf Fnvn Svirne` as ng `tcavage silvunr` nr`n b`cnps` vd` f`saeg il ng ix`rnvage sqsv`o `t`rvs n onjir aglkp`gc` ig vd` i|`rnkk lpgcvaig ngf x`rlirongc` il vd` `gvar` cioxpv`r' Vdas la`kf as pgf`reiage cdnge` nv n br`nvdvnmagekq rnxaf rnv`+ ns cioxpv`rs nr` giu xr`|nk`gv ag |arvpnk `|`rq nxxkacnvaig+ n xxkacnvaig+ lrio eno`s lir cdakfr`g vdriped vd` oisv sixdasvacnv`f xknggage viiks lir ei|`rgo`gvs ngf opkvagnvaignk laros' Vd` ibj`cva|` il vdas biim as vi xri|af` n cioxk`v` fascpssaig il IS xragcaxk`s+ aoxk`o`gvnvaig uavd cif`+ nkeiravdos+ aoxk`o`gvnvaig assp`s+ ngf knb `t`rcas`s vi xri|af` qip ng pgf`rsvngfage il cigv`oxirnr cigv`oxirnrq q IS xrncvac` xrncvac` ngf fnvn fnvn svirne`' svirne`' Oq eink eink as vi `txkna `txknag g e`g`rnk IS xragcaxk`s ngf fnvn svirne` v`cdga~p`s si qip uakk dn|` n f``x pgf`rsvngfage il diu ng IS as f`saeg`f' f `saeg`f' Vd` svpfq il ix`rnvage sqsv`os dns vrnfavaignkkq vrnfavai gnkkq b``g ig` il vd` oisv cdnkk`geage ngf `tcavage silvunr` fascaxkag`s fascaxkag`s ag cioxpv`r sca`gc`' A dix` vdas vdas biim biim onm`s onm`s cioxk`t cioxk`t nsx`cv nsx`cvss il ix`rnva ix`rnvage ge sqsv`o sqsv`o ngf fnvn fnvn svirne` `nsq vi pgf`rsvngf ngf n|iafs onmage saoxk` nsx`cvs birage' A dix` qip uakk `gjiq av ns opcd ns A fi. Ioxrnmnsd Sngeung
>'> Udnv as ng ix`rnv ix`rnvage age sqsv`o9 sqsv`o9 >'2 Vqx`s Vqx`s il ix`rnvage ix`rnvage sqsv`o sqsv`o >'2' >'2'> > S`ra S`rank nk xri xric` c`ss ssag age e sqsv sqsv`o `o >'2'2 >'2'2 Bnvcd Bnvcd xric xric`ss `ssage age sqs sqsv`o v`o >'2'3 >'2'3 Opkvax Opkvaxrie rierno rnooa oage ge ix`rnv ix`rnvage age sqsv`o sqsv`o >'3 Vao` sdnrag sdnrage e sqsv`os sqsv`os >'6 Xnrnkk`k Xnrnkk`k sqsv`os sqsv`os >'6'> >'6'> Sqoo`v Sqoo`vrac rac opkva opkvaxri xric`s c`ssir sir >'6'2 >'6'2 Nsqoo Nsqoo`vr `vrac ac opkvaxri opkvaxric`s c`ssir sir >'0 Fasvrabpv Fasvrabpv`f `f sqsv`os sqsv`os >'< R`nk vao` sqsv`os sqsv`os
>'8 Ix`rnvage Sqsv`o
>'> Udnv as ng ng ix`rnvage ix`rnvage sqsv`o9 sqsv`o9 Ix`rnvage sqsv`o as n ongne`r ir spx`r|asir vdnv cigvriks vd` r`siprc`s il cioxpv`r sqsv`o' Av ongne`s `gvar` uirmage vdriped avs |nraips ongne`o`gv lpgcvaigs kam` o`oirq ongne`o`gv+
lak`
ongne`o`gv+
xric`ss
ongne`o`gv+
f`|ac`
ongne`o`gv+
f`|ac`
ongne`o`gv ngf agxpv/ipvxpv ongne`o`gv' Av as n u`kk/irengaz`f ngf u`kk/f`saeg`f s`v il silvunr` xriernos vdnv xri|af`s n b`vv`r `g|arigo`gv lir `t`cpvaig il xriernos' Ivd`r silvunr` xriernos vdnv nr` svir`f ig s`cigfnrq o`oirq nr` kinf`f agvi onag o`oirq bq vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o ud`g`|`r g``f`f' Sio` xnrvs il vd` ix`rnvage nr` x`rongv`kq r`saf`gv ag vd` onag o`oirq udak` vd` r`sv il vd` xnrvs nr` kinf`f agvi vd` vrngsa`gv xnrvs il vd` onag o`oirq ns ngf ud`g r`~par`f' Av m``xs vrncm il `ncd xric`ss ngf r`siprc`s svnvps ngf f`caf`s udacd xric`ss dns vi b` nssaeg`f nssaeg`f udacd r`siprc` r`siprc` lir diu kige' kige' Vdps u` cng snq ix`rnvage ix`rnvage sqsv`o sqsv`o as sqsv`o silvunr` vdnv xri|af`s vd` xrix`r ps` il nkk vd` r`siprc`s il vd` cioxpv`r sqsv`o' \nraips ix`rnvage sqsv`os nr` OS/UAGFIUS+ FIS+ PGAT+ KAGPT `vc'
>'2 Vqx`s Vqx`s il ix`rnvag ix`rnvage e Sqsv`o Sqsv`o:: Vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`os nr` brinfkq fa|af`f agvi vdr`` cnv`eira`s:
S`rank xric`ssage ix`rnvage sqsv`o
Bnvcd xric`ssage ix`rnvage sqsv`o
Opkvaxriernooage ix`rnvage sqsv`o
>'2'>
S`rank Xric`ssage Ix`rnvage Sqsv`o /@nrkq cioxpv`r sqsv`os dnf n cigc`xv il bnr`
oncdag` ag udacd `ncd jib uns vi b` x`rliro`f ongpnkkq' Vd` larsv vqx` il ix`rnvage sqsv`o udacd ps`s vd` cigc`xv il o`fanvir lnr lrio vd` cigc`xv il bnr` oncdag`s uns vd` s`rank xric`ssage ix`rnvage sqsv`o' Ag s`rank xric`ssage ix`rnvage sqsv`o ps`s vd` cigc`xv il s`rankkq xric`ssage sqsv`o ag udacd ig` xrierno dnf vi b` rpg nv n vao`' Vd`r`lir` n kiv il vao` unsvne` ud`g vd`r` nr` ongq xric`ss`s cigcprr`gvkq+ fp` vi udacd `llaca`gcq il sqsv`o r`siprc`s r`fpc`s'
s`rank ix`rnvag ix`rnvage e sqsv`os sqsv`os vd` vd` g`tv >'2'2 Bnvcd Xric`ssage Ix`rnvage Sqsv`o / Nlv`r vd` s`rank ix`rnvage sqsv`o uns bnvcd xric`ssage ix`rnvage sqsv`o' Ag vdas ix`rnvage sqsv`o u` onm` n bnvcd il s`|`rnk jibs ngf vd`g spboavv`f vi vd` sqsv`o' N s`v il cigvrik svnv`o`gvs nksi cnkk`f ns JCK $Jib Cigvrik Kngepne`! as ps`f vi af`gvalq vd` g`tv jib ud`g vd` xr`|aips jib as cioxk`v`f' Vdps `ncd jib xric`ss`s agfa|afpnkkq ngf nlv`r xric`ssage il nkk xriernos+ cigvrik as vrngsl`rr`f bncm vi vd` ps`r' Bnvcd xric`ssage sqsv`o agcr`ns` r`siprc` pvakaznvaig+ `sx`cankkq ag opkva/ps`r `g|arigo`gv' Bpv bnvcd xric`ssage sqsv`o agcr`ns` vd` vprgnripgf vao` $vd` vao` n jib as spboavv`f pgvak avs ipvxpv as r`c`a|`f!' Vdps ag n bnvcd ix`rnvage sqsv`o+ n e`g`rnk ps`r dns vi spll`r n kige vprgnripgf vao`'
nkk vd` vao`' Si vd` cigc`xv il opkvaxriernooage ix`rnvage sqsv`o sqsv`o uns agvrifpc`f' Vd` af`n b`dagf vdas as vdnv ud`g`|`r ig` xrierno unavs lir ng A)I ncva|avq+ ngivd`r xrierno vdnv unavs lir CXP as scd`fpk`f lir avs `t`cpvaig' Vdps vui oir` xriernos cng b` `t`cpv`f si ns vi m``x vd` CXP , A)I bpsq nkoisv nkk vao` as cnkk`f ns opkvaxriernooage ngf vd` ix`rnvage+ udacd aoxk`o`gvs av+ as cnkk`f ns opkvaxriernooage ix`rnvage sqsv`o' Vd` gpob`r il xriernos ncva|avq cioxk`vage lir r`siprc`s il n opkvaxriernooage cioxpv`r sqsv`o as ilv`g cnkk`f ns f`er`` il opkvaxriernooage' Daed`r vd` f`er`` il opkvaxriernooage+ daed`r uakk b` r`siprc`s pvakaznvaig' Av nksi spxxirvs opkvaxk` ps`rs'
Xrierno>
Xrierno2
CXP `t`cpvaig
A)I xric`ssage
>'3
Vao` sdnrage sqsv`o
Ud`g vd`r` nr` opkvaxk` ps`r ngf vd`q ungv vi sdnr` vd` sno` oncdag`+ giu ngf vd`q ix`rnv` ig n ciooig xknvliro+ vd`g vd` cigc`xv il vao`/sdnrage sqsv`o cng agvi `tasv`gc`' Ncvpnkkq av as vd` kieacnk `tv`gsaig il vd` opkvaxriernooage sqsv`o' Av xri|af`s opkvaxk` agv`rncva|` ps`rs nv n r`nsignbk` cisv' @ncd ps`r vdagm vdnv vd` oncdag` as f`facnv`f vi dao)d`r+ bpv vd`r` as giv si' Vao` sdnrage sqsv`o ps` vao`/skacage scd`fpkage' Ag vdas sqsv`o+ xriernos nr` `t`cpv`f nccirfage vi vd` ea|`g xrairavq vdnv agcr`ns`s fprage unavage ngf frixs nlv`r vd` s`r|ac` as erngv`f' D`r` `ncd ps`r sdnr`s vd` cioxpv`r sqsv`o' Ns vd` oaernvaig il n xric`ss vnm`s opcd k`ss vao` ns cioxnr`f vi vd` A)I f`|ac`s' Si CXP savs afk` pgvak av e`vs agxpv' Vd`r`lir` agsv`nf il savvage afk` $CXP!+ vd` I'S' uakk rnxafkq suavcd vd` CXP lrio ig` ps`r vi vd` g`tv' Vdps vd` ig` cioxpv`r as sdir`f bq s`|`rnk ps`rs' >'6 Xnrnk Xnrnkk`k k`k Sqsv` Sqsv`o o
Ud`g vd`r` as opkvaxk` ps`r ir ongq xric`ssir nr` ea|`g vi vd` sagek` xric`ssir+ ag spcd n savpnvaig vd`r` cio`s vd` bprf`g ig n sagek` xric`ssir' Ag spcd vqx` il savpnvaig av as b`vv`r vi fasvrabpv` vd` uirmkinf noige s`|`rnk xric`ssirs' Av uakk r`fpc` vd` kinf il vd` sagek` xric`ssir Ag xnrnkk`k sqsv`os+ xric`ssirs sdnr` o`oirq+ vd` bps+ ngf vd` ckicm ngf x`raxd`rnk f `|ac`s' Av as nksi mgiug ns opkvaxric`ssir sqsv`os' Vd`r` nr` ongq nf|ngvne`s il f`saeg xnrnkk`k sqsv`os'
Ud`g vd` gi' il xric`ssirs agcr`ns`s+ vd`g f`lagav`kq vd` noipgv il uirm fig` cioxk`v`f ag n pgav noipgv il vao` nksi agcr`ns`s' Ag ivd`r uirfs u` cng snq vdnv oir` uirm fig` ag k`ss vao`' D`gc` vd` vdripedxpv il vd` sqsv`o f`lagav`kq agcr`ns`s'
Ag xnrnkk`k sqsv`o ns vd` o`oirq+ bps`s+ x`raxd`rnk f`|ac`s ngf xiu`r spxxka`s nr` sdnr`f' Av uakk r`fpc` vd` cisv ns cioxnr`f vi vd` opkvaxk` sagek` ps`rs' Ag xnrnkk`k xric`ssage sqsv`os+ uirmkinf as fasvrabpv`f noige s`|`rnk xric`ssirs' Vdps ag cns` il lnakpr` il ig` xric`ssir noige vd`o uakk giv svix vd` sqsv`o' Vd` uirm fig` il lnakpr` il vd` xric`ssir uakk b` fasvrabpv`f+ noige ivd`r uakk skiu fiug vd`ar sx``f il xric`ssage bpv av uakk b` kaedvkq'
Bncmpx , r`ci|`rq r`ci|`rq il fnvn as `nsakq `nsakq xissabk`' xissabk`'
Ag cns` il lnakpr` il ig` xric`ssir skiu fiug vd` sx``f il vd` sqsv`o bpv il `ncd sqsv`o as nssaeg`f vi x`rliro n xr`/sx`cala`f vnsm vd`g lnakpr` il ig` sqsv`o cng dnkl vd` sqsv`o vd`g vd`
>'< R`nk R`nk Vao Vao`` Sqsv` Sqsv`os os
R`nk vao` sqsv`os nr` vd` liro il sqsv`os ag udacd vao` r`~par`o`gvs nr` cravacnk ig vd` ix`rnvaig il n CXP ir vd` lkiu il fnvn' S`gsirs brage fnvn vi vd` cioxpv`r' Vd` cioxpv`r larsv ngnkqz`s vd` fnvn ngf xissabkq nfjpsvs vd` cigvriks vi oifalq vd` s`gsirs agxpvs' C`rvnag nxxkacnvaigs spcd ns sca`gvalac cigvrik `~paxo`gv+ o`facnk s`cvir+ agfpsvrank s`cvirs `vc' cioxpv`r sqsv`os pgf`r vd` r`nk vao` sqsv`os' R`nk/vao` sqsv`os cng b` fa|af`f onagkq agvi vui cnv`eira`s:
Dnrf r`nk/vao` sqsv`o
Silv r`nk/vao` sqsv`o
Ud`g vd` vnsm as b`age cioxk`v`f uavdag vd` vao` skac` uavd epnrngv``' Vdas vqx` il r`nk sqsv`o as cnkk`f vd` dnrf r`nk vao` sqsv`o' Ag vdas+ vui vnsms cng‑v b` oat`f ud`r`ns ud`g vd` vao` xric`ss e`vs xrairavq i|`r ivd`r xric`ss`s vdnv as cnkk`f vd` silv/vao` sqsv`o' Vd`r`lir` silv/vao` sqsv`os cng b` `nsakq oat`f uavd vd` ivd`r vqx` il sqsv`os'
Cdnxv`r/A
Agvrifpcvaig @gf Cdnxv`r ~pazz`s: ^>' Vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o il n cioxpv`r s`r|`s ns n silvunr` silvunr` agv`rlnc` b`vu``g vd` ps`r ps`r ngf vd` YYYYYYYY' n' Dnrfunr` b' X`raxd`rnk c' O`oirq f' Scr``g ^2' Fasv Fasvrabpv rabpv`f `f IS uirms uirms ig vd` vd` YYYYYYYY YYYYYYYY xragcaxk`' xragcaxk`' n' Lak` Lipgfnvaig b' Sagek` sqsv`o aone` c' Opkva sqsv`o aone` f' G`vuirmage aone` ^3' Udacd lak` sqsv`o sqsv`o fi`s Uagfius 10 vqxacnkkq ps`9 n' LNV>< b' LNV32 c' GVLS f' KOLS ^6' Vd` ix`rnvage ix`rnvage sqsv`o sqsv`o ongne`s ongne`s YYYYYYYY YYYYYYYY'' n' O`oirq b' Xric`ssir c' Fasm ngf A)I f`|ac`s f' Nkk il vd` nbi|`
^0' Vd` v`ro ‛Ix`rnvage ‛Ix`rnvage Sqsv`o Sqsv`o ‛o`ngs YYYYYYYY' YYYYYYYY' n' N s`v il xriernos udacd cigvriks cioxpv`r uirmage b' Vd` unq n cioxpv`r ix`rnvir uirms c' Cig|`rsaig il daed/k`|`k kngepne` ag vi oncdag` k`|`k kngepne` f' Vd` unq n lkixxq fasm fra|` ix`rnv`s
Ag vdas cdnxv`r+ u` `txkir` vdr`` nsx`cvs il IS+ sdiuage vd` |a`uxiagvs il ps`rs+ xriernoo`rs+ ngf ix`rnvage/sqsv`o f`saeg`rs'
2'> Sqsv`o Cioxig`gvs Vd` lpgcvaigs il IS |nrq lrio vqx` vi vqx` il vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`os lir `tnoxk` vd` vd` lpgcvaigs il n sagek` ps`r IS as fall`r`gv lrio vdnv il opkvaps`r I'S' bpv ag e`g`rnk vd` bnsac lpgcvaigs x`rliro`f bq nkk IS nr` sno`' Vd`s` lpgcvaigs nr` ns likkius:
n' Xric Xric`s `sss Ong Ongne ne`o `o`g `gvv b' b' O`oi O`oirq rq Ong Ongne ne`o `o`g `gvv c' A)I Ongn Ongne` e`o` o`gv gv f' Lak Lak` Ongn Ongne` e`o o`gv `gv
n' n'
Xric Xric`s `sss Ongn Ongne` e`o` o`gv gv
Ud`g n xrierno as ag ncva|` svnv` av as cnkk`f vd` xric`ss ag ivd`r uirfs xric`ss cng b` vdipedv il ns n xrierno ag `t`cpvaig' Av as vd` I'S' udacd nssaegs fall`r`gv jibs vi vd` xric`ssir vi b` x`rliro`f bq vd` cioxpv`r sqsv`o' Vd` xric`ss ongne`o`gv x`rliros vd` likkiuage ncva|ava`s:/ >' Av cigvr cigvriks iks vd` vd` xrier xrier`ss `ss il il vd` xric xric`ss `ss`s' `s' 2' Cr`nvage Cr`nvage , f`k`vage f`k`vage bivd bivd ps`r ps`r ngf ngf sqsv`o sqsv`o xric`ss xric`ss`s' `s' 3' Av nkkicnv`s nkkicnv`s dnrfunr` dnrfunr` r`siprc r`siprc`s `s vi vi vd` vd` xric`ss` xric`ss`s' s' 6' Av cigvriks cigvriks vd` ` saegnk saegnk cioopgacnvaig cioopgacnvaig xric`ss`s' xric`ss`s' 0' Av dngfk`s dngfk`s vd` f`nfki f`nfkicm cm cigfa cigfavai vaig' g'
sqsv`os r`safage nbi|` vd` dqx`r|asir ag vd` sqsv`o svrpcvpr`' Vdas onm`s av xissabk` vi aoxk`o`gv ng `llaca`gv dqx`r|asir+ xnqage vd` xrac` il onagvnagage n dnrfunr` sx`calac aoxk`o`gvnvaig'
N disv`f dqx`r|asir xnrvankkq bqxnss`s vd` g``f lir n dnrfunr` sx`calac
Vd` |arvpnk oncdag` as k`ss `llaca`gv vdng n r`nk oncdag` ud`g av ncc`ss`s vd` dnrfunr` agfar`cvkq
Xric`ss |arvpnk oncdag`s N xric`ss \O+ rpgs ns n gironk nxxkacnvaig agsaf` ng IS ngf spxxirvs n sagek` xric`ss' Av as cr`nv`f ud`g vdnv xric`ss as svnrv`f ngf f`svriq`f ud`g av `tavs' Avs xprxis` as vi xri|af` n xknvliro/agf`x`gf`gv xriernooage `g|arigo`gv vdnv nbsvrncvs nunq f`vnaks il vd` pgf`rkqage dnrfunr` ir ix`rnvage sqsv`o+ ngf nkkius n xrierno vi `t`cpv` ag vd` sno` unq ig ngq xknvliro' N xric`ss \O xri|af`s n daed/k`|`k nbsvrncvaig ‖ vdnv il n daed/k`|`k xriernooage xriernooage kngepne`' Xric`ss \Os nr` aoxk`o`gv`f psage ng agv`rxr`v`r= x`rlirongc` cioxnrnbk` vi cioxak`f xriernooage kngepne`s as ncda`|`f bq vd` ps` il jpsv/ag/vao` cioxaknvaig' Vdas vqx` il \O dns b`cio` xixpknr uavd vd` Jn|n xriernooage kngepne`+ udacd as aoxk`o`gv`f psage vd` Jn|n |arvpnk oncdag`' Ivd`r `tnoxk`s agckpf` vd` Xnrriv |arvpnk oncdag`+ udacd s`r|`s ns ng nbsvrncvaig knq`r lir s`|`rnk agv`rxr`v`f agv`rxr`v`f kngepne`s+ ngf vd` 'G@V Lrno`uirm+ udacd rpgs ig n \O cnkk`f vd` Ciooig Kngepne` Rpgvao`' N sx`cank cns` il xric`ss \Os nr` sqsv`os vdnv nbsvrncv i|`r vd` cioopgacnvaig o`cdngasos o`cdngasos il n $xiv`gvankkq $xiv`gvankkq d`v`rie`g`ips d`v`rie`g`ips!! cioxpv`r ckpsv`r' ckpsv`r' Spcd n \O fi`s giv cigsasv il n sagek` xric`ss+ bpv ig` xric`ss`s x`r xdqsacnk oncdag` ag vd` ckpsv`r' Vd`q nr` f`saeg`f vi `ns` vd` vnsm il xriernooage xnrnkk`k nxxkacnvaigs bq k`vvage vd` xriernoo`r licps ig nkeiravdos rnvd`r vdng vd` cioopgacnvaig o`cdngasos xri|af`f bq vd` agv`rcigg`cv ngf vd` IS' Vd`q fi giv daf` vd` lncv vdnv cioopgacnvaig vnm`s xknc`+ ngf ns spcd fi giv nvv`oxv vi xr`s`gv vd` ckpsv`r ns n sagek` xnrnkk`k oncdag`' Pgkam` ivd`r xric`ss \Os+ vd`s` sqsv`os fi giv xri|af` n sx`calac xriernooage kngepne`+ bpv nr` `ob`ff`f ag ng `tasvage kngepne`= vqxacnkkq spcd n sqsv`o xri|af`s bagfages lir s`|`rnk kngepne`s $`'e'+ C ngf LIRVRNG!' @tnoxk`s nr` X\O $Xnrnkk`k \arvpnk Oncdag`! ngf OXA $O`ssne` Xnssage Agv`rlnc`!' Vd`q nr` giv svracvkq |arvpnk oncdag`s+ ns vd` nxxkacnvaigs rpggage ig vix svakk dn|` ncc`ss vi nkk IS s`r|ac`s+ ngf nr` vd`r`lir` giv ciglag`f vi vd` sqsv`o oif`k xri|af`f bq vd` "\O"'
Cdnxv`r/AA
Ix`rnvage Sqsv`o Svrpcvpr` @gf Cdnxv`r ~pazz`s: ^>' N onjir xribk`o uavd xrairavq xrairavq scd`fpkage as YYYYYYYYY' n' F`lagav` bkicmage b' Svnr|nvaig c' Kiu xrairavq f' Gig` il vd` nbi|` ^2' Udacd as giv x`rliro`f bq vd` IS9 $n! O`oirq O`oirq ongne`o`gv ongne`o`gv
$b! F`|ac` ongne`o`gv ongne`o`gv
$c! Spxxk xxkqag qage Agxpv xpv vi sqsv`o
$f! Xri Xric`s c`ss ongn ngne`o` `o`gv
^3' Vd` IS as ps`f ag agv`kkae`gv f`|ac`/ $n! Opkvaxk`tage
$b! Opkvaxric`ssage
$b! Dngfd`kf IS
$f! R`nk vao` IS
^6' Ig vd` bnsac il gi' il xric`ssirs spxxirv`f+ diu ongq vqx`s il IS nr` vd`r`9 $n! Ig`
$b! vui
$c! Vdr``
$f! lipr
^0' Vdas as n xrierno xrierno ps`f vi urav` siprc` siprc` cif`/ $n! @favir
3'> Xric`ss Cigc`xv N xric`ss as vd` pgav il uirm ag oisv sqsv`os' N xrierno onq b` vui svnv`s `avd`r ag ncva|` svnv` ir ag xnssa|` svnv`' Ud`g n xrierno as ag vd` ncva|` svnv` vdnv as cnkk`f vd` xric`ss' @ncd xric`ss onq cigvnag ig` il vd` likkiuage svnv`s:/
G`u svnv`: Vd` xric`ss b`age cr`nv`f'
Rpggage svnv`: n xric`ss as snaf vi b` rpggage al av $vd` xric`ss! psage vd`
CXP nv vdnv sx`calac sx`calac agsvngv agsvngv''
Spsx`gf`f Spsx`gf`f svnv` ir Unavage Unavage svnv`: svnv`: n xric`ss as snaf vi b` spsx`gf`f al av
as unavage lir sio` `|`gv av iccpr'
R`nfq svnv`: n r`nfq svnv` xric`ss as rpg nbk` bpv v`oxirnrakq svixx`f
rpggage vi k`v ngivd`r xric`ss rpg'
V`roagnv`f svnv`: ud`g vd` xric`ss dns lagasd`f `t`cpvaig as cnkk`f vd`
o`cd ngasos ps`f vi xr`s`r|` Agv`r Xric`ss Sqgcdrigaznvaig:/ Av as n s`v il xriviciks ngf o`cdngasos sqsv`o agv`ernkavq , cigsasv`gcq ud`g cigcprr`gv xric`ss`s sdnr` n s`rankkq psnbk` r`siprc`s' Lir `tnoxk`+ n xragv`r as n s`rankkq psnbk` f`|ac`+ udacd cng xric`ss vd` xragv ciooig il ipr ps`r nv vd` oio`gv' Av cng svnrv vd` xragvage vd` edelue il vd` ivd`r ps`r ud`g vd` xragv jib il ig` ps`r as i|`r' n' Agv`r Xric`ss Saegnkage: / Av as vd` `tcdnge` il vaoage saegnks b`vu``g vd`
cigcprr`gv xric`ss`s' Av ps`f vi ci/irfagnv` vd` cikk`cva|` xrier`ss il xric`ss' b' Agv`r
6'> Bnsac Cigc`xvs CXP scd`fpkage as vd` bnsas il opkaxriernoo`f ix`rnvage sqsv`os' Bq suavcdage vd` CXP noige xric`ss`s+ vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o cng onm` vd` cioxpv`r oir` xrifpcva|`' Vd` ibj`cva|` il opkvaxriernooage as vi dn|` sio` xric`ss rpggage nv nkk vao`s+ ag irf`r vi ontaoaz` CXP pvakaznvaig' Vd` af`n il opkvaxriernooage as r`knva|`kq saoxk`' N xric`ss as `t`cpv`f pgvak av opsv unav+ vqxacnkkq lir vd` cioxk`vaig il sio` agxpv)ipvxpv r`~p`sv' Ag n saoxk` cioxpv`r sqsv`o+ vd` CXP uipkf vd`g sav afk`= nkk das unavage vao` as unsv`f' Uavd opkvaxriernooage+ u` vrq vi ps` vdas vao` xrifpcva|`kq' S`|`rnk xric`ss`s nr` m`xv ag o`oirq nv ig` vao`' Ud`g ig` xric`ss dns vi unav+ vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o vnm`s vd` CXP nunq lrio vdnv xric`ss ngf ea|`s vd` CXP vi ngivd`r xric`ss' 6'>'> CXP/A)I Bprsv Cqck`
Xric`ss `t`cpvaig cigsasvs il n cqck` il CXP `t`cpvaig ngf A)I unav' Xric`ss`s nkv`rgnv` b`vu``g vui svnv`s' svnv`s' Xric`ss `t`cpvaig b`eags uavd CXP bprsv likkiu`f bq ng A)I A)I bprsv ngf vd`g ngivd`r CXP bprsv+ vd`g ngivd`r A)I bprsv+ ngf si ig' @|`gvpnkkq+ vd` knsv CXP bprsv uakk `gf uavd n sqsv`o r`~p`sv vi v`roagnv` `t`cpvaig il vd` xric`ss+ rnvd`r vdng uavd ngivd`r A)I bprsv' Lir `ll`cva|` pvakaznvaig il CXP n xrierno opsv b` ciobagnvaig ciobagnvaig il A)I/bipgf xrierno ngf CXP/bipgf xrierno'
6'>'2 Scd`fpk`r
Ud`g`|`r vd` CXP b`cio`s afk`+ vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o opsv s`k`cv ig` il vd` xric`ss`s ag vd` r`nfq ~p`p` vi b` `t`cpv`f' Vd` s`k`cvaig xric`ss as cnrra`f ipv bq scd`fpk`r' Vd`r` nr` vdr`` vdr`` vqx`s il scd`fpk`rs ps`f bq vd` ix`rnvage lir xric`ss scd`fpkage' Vd`ar f`vnaks nr` ns likkius'
n'
Kige/v`ro scd`fpk`r ir ng nfoassaig scd`fpk`r ir daed/k`|`k scd`fpk`r'
b'
Oaf/v`ro ir o`fapo/v`ro scd`fpk`r'
c'
Sdirv/v`ro scd`fpk`r '
n' Kige/v`ro scd`fpk`r:
Vd` kige/v`ro+ ir nfoassaig+ scd`fpk`r f`caf`s udacd jibs ir
xric`ss`s nr` vi b` nfoavv`f vi vd` r`nfq ~p`p`= vdnv as+ ud`g ng nvv`oxv as onf` vi `t`cpv` n
xrierno+ avs nfoassaig vi vd` s`v il cprr`gvkq `t`cpvage xric`ss`s as `avd`r npvdiraz`f ir f`knq`f bq vd` kige/v`ro scd`fpk`r' Vdps+ vdas scd`fpk`r facvnv`s udnv xric`ss`s nr` vi rpg ig n sqsv`o+ ngf vd` f`er`` il cigcprr`gcq vi b` spxxirv`f nv ngq ig` vao` / a`: ud`vd`r n daed ir kiu noipgv il xric`ss`s nr` vi b` `t`cpv`f cigcprr`gvkq+ ngf diu vd` sxkav b`vu``g AI agv`gsa|` ngf CXP agv`gsa|` xric`ss`s as vi b` dngfk`f' Ag oif`rg ISs+ vdas as ps`f vi onm` spr` vdnv r`nk vao` xric`ss`s e`v `giped CXP vao` vi lagasd vd`ar vnsms' Uavdipv xrix`r r`nk vao` scd`fpkage+ oif`rg EPA EPA agv`rlnc`s uipkf s``o skpeeasd' Kige/v`ro scd`fpkage as as nksi aoxirvngv aoxirvngv ag knre`/scnk` knre`/scnk` sqsv`os sqsv`os spcd ns bnvcd xric`ssage xric`ssage sqsv`os+ sqsv`os+ cioxpv`r ckpsv`rs ckpsv`rs++ spx`rcioxpv` spx`rcioxpv`rs rs ngf r`gf`r lnros' lnros' Ag vd`s` vd`s` cns`s+ cns`s+ sx`cank xprxis` xprxis` jib scd`fpk`r scd`fpk`r silvunr` silvunr` as vqxacnkkq ps`f vi nssasv vd`s` lpgcvaigs+ ag nffavaig vi ngq pgf`rkqage nfoassaig scd`fpkage spxxirv ag vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o' b' O`fapo/v`ro scd`fpk`r: Vd` oaf/v`ro scd`fpk`r v`oxirnrakq r`oi|`s xric`ss`s lrio
onag o`oirq ngf xknc`s vd`o ig s`cigfnrq o`oirq $spcd ns n fasm fra|`! ir |ac` |`rsn' Vdas as ciooigkq r`l`rr`f vi ns "sunxxage ipv" ir "sunxxage ag' Vd` oaf/v`ro scd`fpk`r onq f`caf` vi sunx ipv n xric`ss udacd dns giv b``g ncva|` lir sio` vao`+ ir n xric`ss udacd dns n kiu xrairavq+ ir n xric`ss udacd as xne` lnpkvage lr`~p`gvkq+ ir n xric`ss xric`ss udacd as vnmage px n knre` noipgv il o`oirq ag irf`r vi lr`` px onag o`oirq lir ivd`r xric`ss`s+ sunxxage vd` xric`ss bncm ag knv`r ud`g oir` o`oirq as n|naknbk`+ ir ud`g vd` xric`ss dns b``g pgbkicm`f pgbkicm`f ngf as gi kige`r unavage lir n r`siprc`' r`siprc`' Ag ongq sqsv`os sqsv`os vifnq+ vd` oaf/v`ro oaf/v`ro scd`fpk`r onq ncvpnkkq x`rliro vd` rik` il vd` kige/v`ro scd`fpk`r+ bq vr`nvage bagnra`s ns "sunxx`f ipv xric`ss`s" pxig vd`ar `t`cpvaig' Ag vdas unq+ ud`g n s`eo`gv il vd` bagnrq as r`~par`f av cng b` sunxx`f ag ig f`ongf+ ir "knzq kinf`f"' c' CXP $ir Sdirv ! v`ro scd`fpk`r: Vd` sdirv/v`ro scd`fpk`r ir CXP scd`fpk`r+ f`caf`s
udacd il vd` r`nfq+ ag/o`oirq xric`ss`s nr` vi b` `t`cpv`f $nkkicnv`f n CXP! g`tv likkiuage n ckicm agv`rrpxv+ ng AI agv`rrpxv+ ng ix`rnvage sqsv`o cnkk ir ngivd`r liro il saegnk' Vdps vd` sdirv/v`ro scd`fpk`r onm`s scd`fpkage f`casaigs opcd oir` lr`~p`gvkq vdng vd` kige/v`ro ir oaf/v`ro scd`fpk`rs / n scd`fpkage f`casaig uakk nv n oagaopo dn|` vi b` onf` nlv`r `|`rq vao` skac` ngf vd`s` nr` |`rq sdirv' Vdas scd`fpk`r cng b` xr``oxva|`+ aoxkqage vdnv av as cnxnbk` il lircabkq r`oi|age xric`ss`s lrio n CXP ud`g av f`caf`s vi nkkicnv` vdnv CXP vi
ngivd`r xric`ss+ ir gig/xr``oxva|` ir "ci/ix`rnva|`"+ ag udacd cns` vd` scd`fpk`r as pgnbk` vi "lirc`" xric`ss`s ill vd` CXP' 6'>'3 Fasxnvcd Fasxnvcd`r `r
Ngivd`r cioxig`gv ag|ik|`f ag vd` CXP/scd`fpkage lpgcvaig as vd` fasxnvcd`r' Vd` fasxnvcd`r as vd` oifpk` vdnv ea|`s cigvrik il vd` CXP vi vd` xric`ss s`k`cv`f bq vd` sdirv/ v`ro scd`fpk`r' Vdas lpgcvaig ag|ik|`s vd` likkiuage:
Suavcdage cigv`tv
Suavcdage vi ps`r oif`
Jpoxage vi vd` xrix`r kicnvaig ag vd` ps`r xrierno vi r`svnrv vdnv xrierno
Vd` fasxnvcd`r sdipkf b` ns lnsv ns xissabk`+ sagc` av as ag|im`f fprage `|`rq xric`ss suavcd' Vd` vao` av vnm`s lir vd` fasxnvcd`r vi svix ig` xric`ss ngf svnrv ngivd`r rpggage as mgiug ns vd` fasxnvcd knv`gcq'
Vdripedxpv: Al vd` CXP as bpsq `t`cpvage xric`ss`s+ vd`g uirm as b`age fig`' Ig` o`nspr` il uirm as vd` gpob`r il xric`ss`s vdnv nr` cioxk`v`f x`r vao` pgav+ cnkk`f vdripedxpv' Lir kige xric`ss`s+ vdas rnv` onq b` ig` xric`ss x`r dipr= lir sdirv vrngsncvaigs+ av onq b` >8 xric`ss`s x`r s`cigf'
Vprgnripgf vao`: Lrio vd` xiagv il |a`u il n xnrvacpknr xric`ss+ vd` aoxirvngv crav`raig as diu kige av vnm`s vi `t`cpv` vdnv xric`ss' Vd` agv`r|nk lrio vd` vao` il spboassaig il n xric`ss vi vd` vao` il cioxk`vaig as vd` vprgnripgf vao`' Vprgnripgf vao` as vd` spo il vd` x`raifs sx`gv unavage vi e`v agvi o`oirq+ unavage ag vd` r`nfq ~p`p`+ `t`cpvage ig vd` CXP+ ngf fiage A)I'
Unavage vao`: Vd` CXP scd`fpkage nkeiravdo fi`s giv nll`cv vd` noipgv il vd` vao` fprage udacd n xric`ss `t`cpv`s ir fi`s A)I= av nll`cvs igkq vd` noipgv il vao` vdnv n xric`ss sx`gfs unavage ag vd` r`nfq ~p`p`' Unavage vao` as vd` spo il x`raifs sx`gfs unavage ag vd` r`nfq ~p`p`'
R`sxigs` vao`: Ag ng agv`rncva|` sqsv`o+ vprgnripgf vao` onq giv b` vd` b`sv crav`raig' Ilv`g+ n xric`ss cng xrifpc` sio` ipvxpv lnarkq `nrkq ngf cng cigvagp` cioxpvage g`u r`spkvs udak` xr`|aips r`spkvs nr` b`age ipvxpv vi vd` ps`r' Vdps+ ngivd`r o`nspr` as vd` vao` lrio vd` spboassaig il n r`~p`sv pgvak vd` larsv r`sxigs` as xrifpc`f' Vdas o`nspr`+ cnkk`f r`sxigs` vao`+ as vd` vao` av vnm`s vi svnrv r`sxigfage+ giv vd` vao` av vnm`s vi ipvxpv vd` r`sxigs`' Vd` vprgnripgf vao` as e`g`rnkkq kaoav`f bq vd` sx``f il vd` ipvxpv f`|ac`'
Av as f`sarnbk` vi ontaoaz` CXP pvakaznvaig pvakaznvaig ngf vdripedxpv vdripedxpv ngf vi oagaoaz` vprgnripgf vao`+ unavage vao`+ ngf r`sxigs` vao`'
6'3 Scd`fpkage Nkeiravdos Nkeiravdos CXP scd`fpkage f`nks uavd vd` xribk`o il f`cafage udacd il vd` xric`ss`s ag vd` r`nfq ~p`p` as vi b` nkkicnv`f vd` CXP' Vd`r` nr` ongq fall`r`gv CXP scd`fpkage nkeiravdos' Ag vdas s`cvaig+ u` f`scrab` s`|`rnk il vd`o' 6'3'> Larsv/Cio`+ Larsv S`r|`f Scd`fpkage io`+ Larsv S`r|`f $LCLS! as vd` saoxk`sv scd`fpkage nkeiravdo' Av as nksi mgiug Larsv C io`+
Lasv/Ag Larsv/Ipv $LALI!' LALI saoxkq ~p`p`s xric`ss`s ag ag vd` irf`r vdnv vd`q nrra|` ag vd` r`nfq ~p`p`'
Lnsv`sv n|`rne` r`sxigs` vao`+ unavage vao` as f`x`gf`gv ig gpob`r il xric`ss`s+ ngf giv n|`rne` xric`ss k`gevd'
B`cnps` il daed unavage vao`s+ f`nfkag`s n r` rnr`kq o`v ag n xpr` RR sqsv`o'
Svnr|nvaig cng g`|`r iccpr+ sagc` gi xrairavq as ea|`g' Irf`r il vao` pgav nkkicnvaig as bns`f pxig xric`ss nrra|nk vao`+ saoaknr vi LCLS'
@tnoxk`: Cigsaf`r vd` likkiuage s`v il xric`ss`s+ uavd vd` k`gevd il vd` CXP/bprsv vao` ea|`g ag oakkas`cigfs:
Xric`ss
Bprsv Vao`
Xrairavq
X>
4
2
X2
0
> $Daed!
X3
6
3
Vd` xric`ss`s nr` nsspo`f vi dn|` nrra|`f ag vd` irf`r X>+ X2+ X3 ngf nv vao` v?8'
n' Frnu lipr lipr Engvv Engvv cdnrvs akkpsvrnva akkpsvrnvage ge vd` `t`cpvaig `t`cpvaig il vd`s` xric`ss` xric`ss`ss psage psage LCLS+ SJL+ n gig xr``oxva|` $n sonkk`r xrairavq gpob`r aoxka`s n daed`r xrairavq!+ ngf RR $~pngvpo ? 2! scd`fpkage'
b' Udnv as vd` unavage vao` il `ncd xric`ss lir `ncd il vd` scd`fpkage nkeiravdos ag xnrv n9 c' Udnv as vd` vprgnripgf vprgnripgf vao` il `ncd xric`ss xric`ss lir lir `ncd il vd` vd` scd`fpkage scd`fpkage nkeirav nkeiravdos dos ag xnrv n9
Vdas as ps`f lir savpnvaigs ag udacd xric`ss`s nr` `nsakq cknssala`f agvi fall`r`gv eripxs' Lir `tnoxk`+ n ciooig fa|asaig as onf` b`vu``g lir`eripgf $agv`rncva|`! xric`ss`s ngf bncmeripgf $bnvcd! xric`ss`s' Vd`s` vui vqx`s il xric`ss`s dn|` fall`r`gv r`sxigs`/vao` r`~par`o`gvs ngf si onq dn|` fall`r`gv scd`fpkage g``fs' 6'3'< Opkvak`|`k L``fbncm ^p`p` Scd`fpkage
Opkva k`|`k l``fbncm ~p`p` scd`fpkage nkkius n xric`ss i oi|` b`vu``g ~p`p`s' Vd` af`n as vi s`xnrnv` xric`ss`s uavd fall`r`gv CXP/bprsv cdnrncv`rasvacs' Al n xric`ss ps`s vi opcd CXP vao`+ av av uakk b` oi|`f vi n kiu`r/xrairavq kiu`r/xrairavq ~p`p`' Saoaknrkq+ n xric`ss vdnv unavs vii kige ag n kiu`r/xrairavq ~p`p` onq b` oi|`f vi n daed`r/xrairavq ~p`p`' Ag e`g`rnk+ n opkvak`|`k l``fbncm ~p`p` ~p`p ` scd`fpk`r as f`lag`f bq vd` likkiuage xnrno`v`rs:
Gi' il ~p`p`s
Scd`fpkage nkeiravdo lir `ncd ~p`p`
Vd` o`vdif ps`f vi f`v`roag` f`v`roag` ud`g vi pxernf` pxernf` n xric`ss vi n daed`r/xrai daed`r/xrairavq ravq ~p`p`
Vd` o`vdif ps`f vi f`v`roag` ud`g vi pxernf` n xric`ss vi n kiu`r/xrairavq ~p`p`
Vd` o`vdif ps`f vi f`v`roag` udacd ~p`p` n xric`ss uakk
`gv`r ud`g vdnv
xric`ss g``fs s`r|ac`
6'6 Opkva/Xric`ssir Scd`fpkage Vd`r` nr` ongq r`nsigs vi ps` vd` cigc`xv il opkvaxric`ssage scd`fpkage:
• Vi spxxirv opkvaxriernooage • Knre` gpob`rs il agf`x`gf`gv xric`ss`s • Saoxkala`f nfoagasvrnvaig • Vi spxxirv xnrnkk`k xriernooage • ‛jib‟ cigsasvs cigsasvs il opkvaxk` opkvaxk` ciix`rnvage) ciix`rnvage)cioopga cioopgacnvage cnvage vdr`nfs ngf)ir xric`ss`s xric`ss`s • Kinf Kinf sdnrag sdnrage e Av uakk cigsaf`r igkq sdnr`f o`oirq opkvaxric`ssir opkvaxric`ssir
•C`gvrnk C`gvrnk ~p`p` – ~p`p` cng b` n bivvk`g`cm bivvk`g`cm
R`nk/vao` ix`rnvage sqsv`o cdnrncv`rasvacnkkq pvakaz`s sx`calac scd`fpkage nkeiravdos ag irf`r vi lncakavnv` vd` r`nk/vao` f`|`kix`r uavd vd` f`|ac` r`~par`f vi e`g`rnv` f`v`roagasvac x`rlirongc` ag vd` lagnk sqsv`o'
R`nk/vao` ix`rnvage sqsv`o as |nkp`f oir` lir avs lnsvg`ss ngf xr`facvnbkq ns av cng r`virv vi n o`vacpkips `|`gv lir vd` ea|`g noipgv il uirm av cng `t`cpv` i|`r vao`'
Onag assp`s ag n r`nk/vao` ix`rnvage sqsv`o nr` sonkk`sv agv`rrpxv knv`gcq ngf n k`nsv vdr`nf suavcdage knv`gcq'
Ng agavank `tnoxk` il n knre`/scnk` r`nk/vao` ix`rnvage sqsv`o uns v`ro`f ns "cigvrik xrierno" udacd uns `svnbkasd`f bq No`racng Narkag`s ngf ABO lir vd` Snbr` Narkag` R`s`r|nvaigs Sqsv`o'
6'< 6'< F`nf F`nfki kicm cm s N f`nfkicm as n savpnvaig ag opkvaxriernooage sqsv`o ud`g `ncd xric`ss il n eripx nc~par`s sio` il r`siprc`s g``f`f lir avs cioxk`vaig udak` av as unavage lir ivd`r r`siprc`s vdnv nr` nc~par`f bq vd` ivd`r xric`ss`s il sno` eripx vi b` r`k`ns`f' Vdas savpnvaig x`rong`gvkq bkicms nkk vd` xric`ssage ngf vd` sqsv`o onq cio` vi dnkv' F`nfkicm as vd` onjir saf` `ll`cv il sqgcdrigaznvaig ngf cigcprr`gv xric`ssage' Av iccprs ns n r`spkv pgcigvrikk`f erngvage il sqsv`o r`siprc`s vi r`~p`svage xric`ss`s' Lir `tnoxk`+ cigsaf`r vdr`` vnx` f`|ac`s' Spxxis` `ncd il vdr`` xric`ss`s dikf ig` vnx` fra|`' @|`rq xric`ss giu r`~p`svs r`~p`svs vd` ivd`r vnx` fra|`' Vdr`` xric`ss`s uakk b` giu ag f`nfkicm svnv`' Ngivd`r `tnoxk` as n xric`ss dn|age cigvrik il vd` vnx` fra|`+ r`~par`s xragv`r vi cioxk`v` avs xragvage jib+ n f`nfkicm iccprs ag udacd bivd vd` xric`ss`s nr` unavage lir r`siprc`s' F`nfkicm cng iccprs ns n r`spkv il ciox`vavaig i|`r ngq sdnr`f f`|ac`' Fprage f`nfkicm+ xric`ss`s g`|`r lagasd ngf nkk sqsv`o r`siprc`s nr` bkicm`f' Vdas xr`|`gvs g`u jibs lrio svnrvage'
G`c`ssnrq cigfavaigs lir f`nfkicm vi iccpr: Lir n f`nfkicm vi iccpr+ likkiuage cigfavaigs opsv b` vrp`: >' Opvpnk @tckpsaig : sdnr`f r`siprc`s nr` nc~par`f ngf ps`f ag n opvpnkkq `tckpsaig ongg`r a'`' igkq ig` nv n vao`' 2' Dikf ngf Unav: `ncd xric`ss dikfs vd` r`siprc`s nkkicnv`f vi av udak` unavage lir r`siprc`s' 3' Gi Xr``oxvaigs: igc` nkkicnv`f+ r`siprc`s cng igkq b` r`k`ns`f bncm bq vdnv xric`ss' Vd` sqsv`o cnggiv lirc`lpkkq r`|im` vd`o' 6' Carcpknr Unavage: f`nfkicms nr` ag|im`f ag n carcpknr cdnag spcd vdnv `ncd xric`ss dikfs sio` r`siprc`s g``f`f bq ivd`rs' Nkk vd` nbi|` snv`f cigfavaigs opsv b` vd`r` lir n f`nfkicm vi iccpr'
xric`ss`s vi r`k`ns` r`k`ns` nkk avs r`siprc`s r`siprc`s ud`g av r`~p`svs lir ng pgn|naknbk` r`siprc`' Av cng b` fig` bq psage vui svrnv`ea`s: >' Xric`ss cng r`~p`sv lir r`siprc`s ud`g av as dn|age gi r`siprc`s nv nkk' 2' N xric`ss cng r`~p`sv lir r`siprc`s sv`x bq sv`x ag spcd n ongg`r vdnv av r`k`ns` vd` r`siprc`s nc~par`f bq av b`lir` r`~p`svage ngivd`r r`siprc` vdnv as pgn|naknbk`' Vd` larsv svrnv`eq kiims |`rq `nsq vi aoxk`o`gv bpv al likkiu vd` svrnv`eq+ n xric`ss uakk dn|` vi unav lir vd`s` r`siprc`s' Vdas k`nfs vi onjir sqsv`o f`ernfnvaig' Vd` s`cigf nxxrincd r`~par`s cnr`lpk dikfage ngf r`k`nsage il r`siprc`s' Av n|iafs vd` fasnf|ngvne` il larsv nxxrincd bpv sio` r`siprc`s cnggiv b` r`nc~par`f knv`r lir `tnoxk`+ lak`s ag vd` v`oxirnrq o`oirq' $b! @kaoagnvage Gi Xr``oxvaig : gi xr``oxvaig cng b` n|iaf bq likkiuage xr``oxvaig'
Vdnv o`ngs vd` sqsv`o cng r`|im` iug`rsdax il r`siprc`s lrio n xric`ss' Bpv vdas r`~par`s svirage svirage vd` svnv` il vd` xric`ss b`lir` r`|image n r`siprc` lrio av' Xr``oxvaig as
xissabk` lir sio` vqx` il r`siprc`s `'e' CXP , o`oirq ud`r`ns av cnggiv b` nxxka`f vi sio` r`siprc`s kam` xragv`r' $c! @kaoagnvage Carcpknr Unav: Carcpknr Unav cng b` n|iaf`f bq kag`nr irf`rage il
r`siprc`s ag n sqsv`o' Ag kag`nr irf`rage il r`siprc`s+ vd` sqsv`o sqsv`o r`siprc`s nr` fa|af`f agvi fall`r`gv cknss`s Ca ud`r` vd` |nkp` cng rnge` lrio > vi G' f`nfkicms nr` xr`|`gv`f bq lircage vd` xric`ss`s vi nc~par` sqsv`o r`siprc`s ag agcr`nsage irf`r il r`siprc`s cknss' Lir `tnoxk` al n xric`ss dns r`~p`sv`f n r`siprc`s il cknss2+ cknss2+ av cng giu r`~p`sv r`~p`sv r`siprc`s il cknss 3 ir nbi|` ngf giv r`siprc`s il cknss >'
6'4 F`nfkicm F`nfkicm N|iafngc` N|iafngc` Vd` bnsac af`n il f`nfkicm n|iafngc` as vi erngv igkq vdis` r`siprc` r`~p`svs vdnv cnggiv xissabkq xissabkq r`spkv r`spkv agvi svnv` svnv` il f`nfkicm' Vdas Vdas svrnv`eq svrnv`eq as aoxk`o`gv`f aoxk`o`gv`f bq dn|age n r`siprc` r`siprc` nkkicnvir ag vd` sqsv`o+ udacd `tnoag`s vd` `ll`cvs il nkkicnvage r`siprc` ngf erngv vd` ncc`ss igkq al av uakk uakk giv r`spkv agvi n svnv` svnv` il f`nfkicm+ ivd`ruas` vd` r`~p`svage r`~p`svage xric`ss uakk b` spsx`gf`f vakk vd` vao` av uipkf b` snl` vi erngv ncc`ss vi vd` r`~par`f r`siprc`' Vi n|iaf vd` f`nfkicm+ sqsv`o r`~par`s `ncd xric`ss vi sx`calq vd`ar ontaopo r`siprc` g``fs b`lir` vd`ar `t`cpvaig' Vd` xric`ss r`~p`svage r`~p`svage r`siprc`s oir` vdng vd` xr`/svnv`f xr`/svnv`f kaoav kaoav as giv nfoavv`f nfoavv`f lir `t`cpvaig' `t`cpvaig' Vd` r`siprc` nkkicnvir m``xs vrncm il gpob`r il nkkicnv`f ngf lr`` r`siprc`s il `ncd vqx`' N xric`ss+ udacd as r`~p`svage ng pgn|naknbk` r`siprc`+ as onf` vi unav' Ud`g vd` r`siprc` as n|naknbk`+ vd` r`siprc`s nkkicnvir ngnkqs`s vdnv erngvage vd` ncc`ss`s uipkf r`spkv r`spkv agvi n svnv` il f`nfkicm f`nfkicm ir giv' Al gi gi ncc`ss as erngv`f erngv`f ngf al q`s+ xric`ss xric`ss as spsx`gf`f' N ernxd/bns`f nkeiravdo onq nksi b` ps`f' Ag vdas+ n ernxd il cprr`gv sqsv`o svnv` ngf nlv`r erngv sqsv`o svnv` as xkivv`f vi f`caf` nbipv erngvage ncc`ss vi n r`~p`sv`f r`siprc`'
6'1 F`nfkicm F`nfkicm F`v`cvaig F`v`cvaig ngf R`ci|`rq R`ci|`rq Ag f`nfkicm f`v`cvaig ngf r`ci|`rq+ vd` sqsv`o erngvs vd` ncc`ss vi `ncd r`~p`svage xric`ss lr``kq' Av iccnsaignkkq+ cd`cms lir f`nfkicms ag irf`r vi r`cknao d`kf bq xric`ss`s ag f`nfkicm' Nv n svne`+ ud`g sqsv`o as cd`cm`f lir f`nfkicm+ vd` f`v`cvaig nkeiravdo `tnoag`s nkk xissabk` s`~p`gc`s lir agcioxk`v` xric`ss' Al ciox`vavaig xric`ss `tasvs vd`g vd` sqsv`o
as giv ag f`nfkicm svne` ivd`ruas` vd` sqsv`o as giv f`nfkicm svne` ngf nkk agcioxk`v` xric`ss`s nr` bkicm`f' F`nfkicm F`nfkicm f`v`cvaig f`v`cvaig as ciooigk ciooigkq q n xnrv il f`nfkicm f`nfkicm ngf r`ci|`rq r`ci|`rq xric`ss xric`ss f`nfkicm f`v`cvaig igkq n xribk`o fi`s giv sik|`s av' Giu+ vd` sqsv`o opsv br`nm vd` f`nfkicm si vdnv xric`ss onq b` xric`ss`f' Vd`r` nr` vui ixvaigs lir f`nfkicm r`ci|`rq |an: xric`ss v`roagnvaig ngf r`siprc` xr``oxvaig' Vd` larsv sv`x ag f`nfkicm r`ci|`rq as vi af`gvalq f`nfkicm xric`ss`s' Vd` g`tv sv`x as vi rikk bncm ir r`svnrv ig` ir oir` xric`ss`s xric`ss`s cnpsage f`nfkicm' R`svnrvage k`nfs vi vd` kiss il uirm fig` bq vd` xnrvacpknr xric`ss`s nr` cdis`g udacd nr` k`ss cisvkq vi rikk bncm' Vd` xric`ss as rikk`f bncm vi vd` xiagv ud`r` vd` f`nfkicm as r`k`ns`f' Spcd lncakava`s lncakava`s r`~par`f r`~par`f bq vd` vd` sqsv`o sqsv`o g``fs daed r`kanbak r`kanbakavq avq ngf ngf ir n|naknba n|naknbakavq kavq bpv vd`s` vd`s` nkeiravdos uakk b` fnge`rips ud`g xric`ss`s dn|` onf` cdnge`s+ udacd cng b` rikk`f bncm'
Cdnxv`r/A\
CXP Scd`fpkage @gf Cdnxv`r ~pazz`s: ^>' N onjir xribk`o uavd xrairavq scd`fpkage as YYYYYYYYY' n' F`lagav` bkicmage b' Svnr|nvaig c' Kiu xrairavq f' Gig` il vd` nbi|` ^2' Opvpnk `tckps `tckpsaig aig n' al ig` xric`ss as ag n cravacnk r`eaig ivd`rs nr` `tckpf`f b' xr`|`gvs f`nfkicm c' r`~par`s s`onxdir`s vi aoxk`o`gv f' as lipgf igkq ag vd` Uagfius GV ix`rnvage sqsv`o ^3' Ag ig` il vd` f`nfkicm xr`|`gvaig o`vdifs+ aoxis` aoxis` n vivnk irf`rage irf`rage il nkk r`siprc` vqx`s+ ngf r`~par` vdnv `ncd xric`ss r`~p`svs r`siprc`s ag ng agcr`nsage irf`r il `gpo`rnvaig' Vdas |aiknv`s vd` YYYYYYYYYYYYYYY cigfavaig il f`nfkicm n' Opvpnk `tckps `tckpsaig aig b' Dikf ngf Unav c' Carcpknr Unav f' Gi Xr``oxvaig ^6' Ag n opkvavdr`nf`f opkvavdr`nf`f `g|arigo`gv `g|arigo`gv YYYYYYY' YYYYYYY' n' @ncd vdr`nf as nkkicnv`f uavd g`u o`oirq lrio onag o`oirq' b' Onag vdr`nfs v`roagnv` nlv`r vd` v`roagnvaig il cdakf vdr`nfs' c' @|`rq xric`ss cng dn|` igkq ig` vdr`nf' f' Gig` il vd` nbi|` ^0' Ag n opkvavdr`nf`f opkvavdr`nf`f `g|arigo`gv `g|arigo`gv YYYYYYY' YYYYYYY' n' @ncd vdr`nf as nkkicnv`f uavd g`u o`oirq lrio onag o`oirq' b' Onag vdr`nfs v`roagnv` nlv`r vd` v`roagnvaig il cdakf vdr`nfs' c' @|`rq xric`ss cng dn|` igkq ig` vdr`nf' f' Gig` il vd` nbi|`
0'> O`oirq Ongne`o`gv Av as n v`cdga~p` ps`f bq I'S' vi nkkicnv` xdqsacnk o`oirq il lagav` cnxncavq vi opkvaxk` r`~p`svage xric`ss`s' Ag ivd`r uirfs u` cng snq vdnv o`oirq ongne`o`gv as cigc`rg`f uavd vd` nkkicnvaig , f`/nkkicnvaig il xdqsacnk vi ps`rs ngf sqsv`o xric`ss`s' Nffr`ss Bagfage: / Vd` bagfage bagfage il agsvrpcvaig agsvrpcvaigss ngf fnvn vi o`oirq o`oirq nffr`ss as cnkk`f cnkk`f vd`
nffr`ss bagfage' Av cng b` nv ngq sv`x il xric`ssage ns likkius'
$n!
Cioxak` vao` bagfage:/
Al vd` nffr`ss il vd` xric`ss ag vd` o`oirq cng b` givac`f nv cioxak` vao` , vd`g vd` nbsikpv` cif` cng b` e`g`rnv`f vdas vqx` il bagfage as cnkk`f vd` cioxak` vao` bagfage' Ag cioxak` vao` bagfage xdqsacnk o`oirq cdnge`s+ vd` udik` xrierno uakk dn|` vi b` r`uravv`g'
Cioxak`
Xric`ss
Onag O`oirq
Cioxak` Vao` Bagfage $b!Kinf vao` bagfage:/ Al vd` lagnk bagfage il nffr`ss as fig` nv vd` kinf vao` vdnv bagfage as cnkk`f vd` kinf vao` bagfage' Ag vdas scd`o` il vd` svnrvage nffr`ss cdnge`s vd`g vd` xrierno as jpsv r`kinf`f vi agcirxirnv` vd` cdnge`s |nkp`'
Xric`ss Cioxak`r
R`kicnvaig R`easv`r Onag O`oirq
Kinf vao` bagfage
$c! Rpg vao` bagfage:/ Al vd` nffr`ss bagfage as as fig` nv vd` rpg vao` vdnv scd`o` as cnkk`f vd` rpg vao` bagfage ir `t`cpvaig vao` bagfage' N sx`cank dnrfunr` cnkk`f vd` o`oirq ongne`o`gv pgav as ps`f lir vdas magf il bagfage' O`oirq ongne`o`gv scd`o`s nr` brinfkq fa|af`f agvi vui onjir cnv`eira`s a'`' Cigvaepips Nkkicnvaig ngf Gig/cigvaepips Nkkicnvaig' Nkkicnvaig' Ag cigvaepips o`oirq nkkicnvaig+ `ncd kieacnk ibj`cv as xknc`f ag xdqsacnk o`oirq nv cigs`cpva|` nffr`ss' N ciooig nxxrincd uavd cigvaepips nkkicnvaig as vi xnrvavaig vd` n|naknbk` xdqsacnk o`oirq ngf lpklakk vd` r`~par`o`gv il r`~p`svage xric`ss`s' O`oirq xnrvavaig`f onq b` `avd`r svnvac xnrvavaig`f ir fqgnoac xnrvavaig`f' xnrvavaig`f' Svnvac Xnrvavaig`f: / Ag vdas o`oirq xnrvavaigage+ o`oirq xnrvavaigs nr` cr`nv`f sio` vao` b`lir` vd` `t`cpvaig il ps`r xriernos ngf vd`s` xnrvavaigs r`onag lag`f+ av o`ngs vdnv ig` cng‑v cdnge` vd`g ig` vd`q nr` f`lag`f' f`lag`f' Ag svnvac xnrvavaigage xnrvavaigage unsdage il o`oirq uavdag n xnrvavaig+ fp` vi n fall`r`gc` ag vd` saz` il n xnrvavaig ngf vd` saz` il n r`saf`gv xric`ss uavdag av as cnkk`f ns agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig' Fqgnoac Xnrvavaig O`oirq Nkkicnvaig: / Ag vdas o`oirq nkkicnvaig+ o`oirq xnrvavaigs nr` cr`nv`f fqgnoacnkkq ag r`sxigs` vi xric`ss r`~p`svs' Vd` xnrvavaig cr`nvaig xric`ss ei`s ig vakk vd` udik` o`oirq dns b``g pvakaz`f ir ontaopo nkkiunbk` f`er`` il opkvaxk`tage as r`ncd`f' Ag vdas scd`o` vd` saz`s il vd` xnrvavaigs nr` giv lag`f+ av o`ngs vdnv qip cng cdnge` cdnge` vd`o nlv`r vd`q vd`q nr` f`lag`f' f`lag`f' Fqgnoac Fqgnoac xnrvavaigage xnrvavaigage r`onags r`onags vd` vd` xribk`o il agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig bq onmage `ncd xnrvavaig igkq ns knre` ns g`c`ssnrq ag irf`r vi snvaslq vd` r`~p`sv il vd` agcioage xric`ss' Ag fqgnoac xnrvavaigage+ unsvage il o`oirq b`vu``g xnrvavaigs fp` vi scnvv`rage il vd` lr`` xnrvavaigs as cnkk`f ns `tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig'
0'2 Nffr`ss Sxnc` Vd` rnge` il |arvpnk |arvpnk nffr`ss`s vdnv vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o nssaegs nssaegs vi n ps`r ps`r ir s`xnrnv`kq rpggage xrierno as cnkk`f ng nffr`ss sxnc`' Vdas as vd` nr`n il cigvaepips |arvpnk nffr`ss`s n|naknbk` lir `t`cpvage agsvrpcvaigs ngf svirage fnvn' Vd` rnge` il |arvpnk nffr`ss`s ag ng nffr`ss sxnc` svnrvs nv z`ri ngf cng `tv`gf vi vd` daed`sv nffr`ss x`roavv`f bq vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o nrcdav`cvpr`'
Kieacnk |`rsps Xdqsacnk Nffr`ss Sxnc`: Ng nffr`ss sxnc` e`g`rnv`f bq vd` CXP as ciooigkq r`l`rr`f vi ns n kieacnk nffr`ss+ ud`r` ns ng nffr`ss s``g bq vd` o`oirq pgav/ vdnv as+ vd` vd` ig` kinf`f agvi vd` o`oirq/nffr o`oirq/nffr`ss `ss r`easv`r r`easv`r il vd` o`oirq/ o`oirq/ ciooigkq r`l`rr`f vi ns n xdqsacnk nffr`ss' nffr`ss' Vd` s`v il nkk kieacnk nffr`ss e`g`rnv`f bq n xrierno as n kieacnk/nffr`ss sxnc`= vd` s`v il nkk xdqsacnk nffr`ss cirr`sxigfage vd`s` kieacnk nffr`ss`s nffr`ss`s as n xdqsacnk/ nffr`ss nffr`ss sxnc`'
0'3 O`oirq Nkkicnvaig V`cdga~p`s O`oirq nkkicnvaig as il vui magfs: Cigvaepips O`oirq Nkkicnvaig'
Gig/cigvaepips O`oirq Nkkicnvaig'
cigvaepips o`oirq nkkicnvaig nkkicnvaig++ n o`oirq/ r`saf`gv r`saf`gv Cigvaepips O`oirq Nkkicnvaig: Ag cigvaepips xrierno iccpxa`s n sagek` cigvaepips bkicm il xdqsacnk o`oirq' Vd` o`oirq as xnrvavaig`f agvi bkicms il fall`r`gv saz`s+ lir ncciooifnvage vd` xriernos' Vd` xnrvavaigage as il vui magfs: n! Lat`f Xnrvavaigage' Vd` o`oirq o`oirq as fa|af`f fa|af`f agvi n lat`f lat`f gpob`r il xnrvav xnrvavaigs+ aigs+ il
fall`r`gv saz`s+ udacd onq spav vd` rnge` il pspnkkq iccprrage xrierno/saz`s' @ncd xnrvavaig cng ncciooifnv` `tncvkq ig` xric`ss' Vdps+ vd` f`er`` il opkva/xriernooage as lat`f' lat`f' Ud`g`|`r+ Ud`g`|`r+ n xrierno xrierno g``fs g``fs vi b` kinf`f+ kinf`f+ n xnrvavaig+ xnrvavaig+ bae `giped `giped vi ncciooifnv` vd` xrierno+ as nkkicnv`f' Sagc`+ n xrierno onq giv `tncvkq lav vd` nkkicnv`f nkkicnv`f xnrvavaig xnrvavaig== sio` sxnc` sxnc` onq b` k`lv k`lv pgiccpxa`f+ pgiccpxa`f+ nlv`r kinfage kinfage vd` xrierno' xrierno' Vdas sxnc` as unsv`f ngf av as v`ro`f ns Agv`rgnk Lrneo`gvnvaig' Vd` o`oirq ongne`o`gv as aoxk`o`gv`f psage n vnbk`+ cnkk`f Xnrvavaig F`scraxvaig Vnbk` $XFV!' Vdas vnbk` agfacnv`s vd` bns` ngf saz` il `ncd xnrvavaig+ nkige uavd avs svnvps $ud`vd`r L:Lr`` ir N: Nkkicnv`f!' @tnoxk` : Xnrvavaig F`scraxvaig Vnbk` $XFV! Xnrvavaig Af Xnrvavaig Bns` Xnrvavaig Saz` Xnrvavaig Svnvps 8 8 08 M N > 08 M 08 M L 2 >88 M 08 M N 3 >08 M >88 M N
>' Vd` f`er`` il opkva/xriernooage as lat`f+ sagc` vd` gpob`r il xnrvavaigs as lat`f' 2' Spll`rs lrio agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig' $b! \nranbk` Xnrvavaigage: Vdas scd`o` as lr`` il vd` kaoavnvaigs `gcipgv`r`f ag vd`
Xneage Av x`roavs xdqsacnk nffr`ss sxnc` il n xric`ss vi b` gig/cigvaepips' Vd` kieacnk nffr`ss sxnc` il n xric`ss as fa|af`f agvi bkicms il lat`f saz` cnkk`f Xne`s' Nksi+ vd` xdqsacnk o`oirq as fa|af`f agvi bkicms il lat`f saz` cnkk`f Lrno`s' Ag n sqsv`o+ vd` xne` ngf lrno` uakk uakk b` il sno` saz`' Vd` saz` as il vd` irf`r il 0>2 bqv`s vi n l`u OB' Ud`g`|`r+ Ud`g`|`r+ n xric`ss as vi b` `t`cpv`f+ avs xne` as oi|`f lrio s`cigfnrq svirne` svirne` $n lnsv fasm! vi vd` n|naknbk` lrno`s ag xdqsacnk o`oirq' Vd` aglironvaig nbipv lrno` gpob`r+ ag udacd n xne` as r`saf`gv+ as `gv`r`f ag xne` vnbk`' Vd` xne` vnbk` as agf`t`f bq xne` gpob`r'
Aoxk`o`gvnvaig il Xneage
Vd` sqsv`o onm`s ps` il xneage vnbk`+ vi aoxk`o`gv xneage' Ud`g n xric`ss as vi b` kinf`f+ kinf`f+ avs xne`s nr` oi|`f vi lr`` lrno`s ag vd` xdqsacnk xdqsacnk o`oirq' o`oirq' Vd` aglironvaig aglironvaig nbipv lrno` gpob`r+ ud`r` n xne` as svir`f+ as `gv`r`f ag vd` xne` vnbk`' Fprage vd` xric`ss `t`cpvaig+ CXP e`g`rnv`s n kieacnk nffr`ss+ vdnv cioxras`s il xne` gpob`r $x! ngf ills`v uavdag vd` xne` $f!' Vd` xne` gpob`r x as ps`f vi agf`t agvi vd` xne` vnbk` ngf l`vcd cirr`sxigfage lrno` gpob`r $l!' Vd` xdqsacnk nffr`ss as ibvnag`f bq ciobagage vd` lrno` gpob`r $l! uavd vd` ills`v $f!' Ea|`g n Kieacnk Nffr`ss K+ Diu vi Cioxpv` vd` Cirr`sxigfage Xdqsacnk Nffr`ss9 Lir n —o‑ bav xric`ssir+ vd` nffr`ss uakk b` o bavs kige' K`v vd` xne` saz` b` 2g bqv`s' Vd`g+ vd` kiu`r irf`r g bav b av il n kieacnk nffr`ss A uakk r`xr`s`gv xne` ills`v $f! ngf vd` daed`r irf`r o/g bavs uakk r`xr`s`gv vd` xne` gpob`r $x!' Vd`g+ xne` gpob`r
x ? K)2g
Ngf xne` ills`v
f ? K%2g
K`v l b` vd` lrno` gpob`r vdnv dikf vd` xne` r`l`r`gc`f bq kieacnk nffr`ss >' Vd`g l cng b` ibvnag`f bq agf`tage agvi xne`/vnbk`+ bq psage xne` gpob`r x ns
agf`t a'`'+
l
Cirr`sxig xigfage xdq xdqsacnk nff nffr`ss `ss
? xne`/vnbk` ]x_= ? l * 2g - f
Vdas xdqsacnk nffr`ss as l`f vi vd` O`oirq Ongne`o`gv Pgav $OOP! vi ncc`ss vd` o`oirq kicnvaig+ r`l`r`gc`f bq kieacnk nffr`ss >' Vd` ont saz` il kieacnk nffr`ss sxnc` il n xric`ss cng b` 2o bqv` a'`'+ px vi 2g xne`s' Agv`rgnk Lrneo`gvnvaig ag Xneage
Sagc`+ n xrierno saz` onq giv b` ng `tncv opkvaxk` il vd` xne`/saz`+ sio` sxnc` uipkf r`onag pgiccpxa`f ag vd` knsv xne` il n xric`ss' Vdas r`spkvs ag agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig' Vd` n|`rne` o`oirq kiss+ fp` vi agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig+ uipkf b` il vd` irf`r il dnkl xne` x`r xric`ss' Si+ knre`r vd` xne` saz`+ knre`r uipkf b` vd` kiss il o`oirq+ o`oirq+ bq agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig+ uipkf b` il vd` irf`r il dnkl xne` x`r xric`ss' Si+ knre`r vd` xne` saz`+ knre`r uipkf b` vd` kiss il o`oirq+ bq agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig' Spxxis`+ n sqsv`o spxxirvs n xne` – saz` il X bqv`+ Vd`g+ n xrierno il saz` O bqv`s+ uakk dn|` ng agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig ? x/$O % X! b qv`s' Kaoavnvaigs il Bnsac Xneage Scd`o` $fascpss`f nbi|`! |as/n/|a Cigvaepips O`oirq Nkkicnvaig Vd` `ll`cva|` o`oirq ncc`ss vao` agcr`ns`s+ sagc` lir ncc`ssage il ng ix`rngf+ larsv avs lrno` gpob`r dns vi b` ncc`ss`f' Sagc`+ vd` xne` vnbk` r`saf`s ag vd` RNO avs`kl+ vd` `ll`cva|` ncc`ss vao` vi e`v ng ix`rngf uakk b` vuac` vd` RNO ncc`ss vao`' Si+ al RNO ncc`ss vao` as >88 gs+ vd` `ll`cva|` ncc`ss vao` uipkf b` 288 gs' Vd` xne` vnbk` iccpxa`s n saegalacngv saegalacngv noipgv il o`oirq' @tnoxk`:
Xne` # $x!
Ills`v $f!
Lir n 32 bav xric`ssir+ uavd n xne` saz` il >826 bqv`+ Saz` il kieacnk nffr`ss ? g ? 32 Xne` saz` ? 2o ? 2>8 ? >826 bqv`s Gpob`r il bavs vi r`xr`s`gv xne` ills`v ? o ? >8 Gpob`r Gpob`r il bavs vi r`xr`s`gv r`xr`s`gv xne` xne` gpob`r ? g – o ? 22
Vd` kiu irf`r >8 bavs il n kieacnk nffr`ss uakk r`xr`s`gv xne`/ills`v ngf vd` daed`r irf`r 22 bavs uakk r`xr`s`gv xne` gpob`r' Ont saz` il kieacnk nffr`ss sxnc` ? 232 bqv`s ? 6 E Bqv`s' Ont gpob`r il xne`s ag kieacnk nffr`ss sxnc` ? 222 ? 6 Oakkaig' Si+ vd` ont k`gevd il xne` vnbk` il n xric`ss ? 6 O `gvra`s+ `ncd `gvrq b`age 6 bqv`s' Si+ n xne` vnbk` uipkf iccpxq >< O bqv` ag RNO' Spxxis`+ vd` xdqsacnk o`oirq saz` saz` as 20< OB+ vd` xne` vnbk` il n xric`ss uipkf iccpxq >)>
Vrngsknvaig Kiim/nsaf` Bpll`r $VKB!
VKB as xne`/vnbk` cncd`+ udacd as aoxk`o`gv`f ag n lnsv nssicanva|` o`oirq' Vd` nssicanva|` o`oirq as fasvagepasd`f bq avs nbakavq vi s`nrcd lir n m`q+ cigcprr`gvkq ag nkk `gvra`s ag n vnbk`' Vdas xrix`rvq onm`s vd` nssicanva|` o`oirq opcd lnsv`r vdng cig|`gvaignk RNO' Bpv+ av as opcd cisvka`r nksi' Fp` vi daed`r cisv+ av onq giv b` cisv/ `ll`cva|` vi dn|` vd` `gvar` xne` vnbk` ag VKB+ bpv n spbs`v il vd` xne`/vnbk`+ vdnv onq b` cprr`gvkq ncva|`+ cng b` oi|`f vi VKB' Av as aoxk`o`gv`f ns likkius: @ncd `gvrq il VKB uipkf cigvnag Xne` # il n xne` ngf vd` Lrno` # ud`r` vd` xne` as svir`f ag RNO' Ud`g`|`r+ n kieacnk nffr`ss as e`g`rnv`f+ vd` xne` gpob`r x il vd` kieacnk nffr`ss as l`f ns n m`q vi vd` VKB' Vd` m`q as s`nrcd`f ag xnrnkk`k ag nkk vd` `gvra`s il VKB' Al n onvcd lipgf lir vd` xne` gpob`r x+ av as v`ro`f ns VKB Dav' Vd` `gvrq+ uavd vd` onvcdage gpob`r cigvnags vd` Lrno` # l+ ud`r` vd` xne` as svir`f' Vd` lrno` gpob`r as ps`f vi ncc`ss vd` f`sar`f xdqsacnk kicnvaig ag vd` RNO'
Al onvcd giv lipgf lir vd` xne` gpob`r+ av agfacnv`s VKB Oass' Vd`g+ vd` lrno` gpob`r as ncc`ss`f lrio vd` xne` vnbk`' Nksi+ vd` xne` vnbk` `gvrq as oi|`f vi VKB+ si+ vdnv lir lprvd`r r`l`r`gc`s vi vdnv xne`+ avs lrno` gpob`r cng b` ncc`ss`f lrio vd` VKB avs`kl' Al VKB as lpkk+ vd`g sio` r`xknc`o`gv nkeiravdo cng b` ps`f vi r`xknc` ig` il vd` `tasvage `gvra`s ag vd` VKB' Vd` nkeiravdo cipkf b` ‛r`xknc`o`gv il vd` k`nsv r`c`gvkq ps`f $KRP! `gvrq‟' Vdas uipkf aoxri|` vd` `ll`cva|` o`oirq ncc`ss vao` ns akkpsvrnv`f bq vd` likkiuage `tnoxk`: K`v VKB Dav Rnvai ?8'1 $Vdas as vd` xribnbakavq vdnv ng agv`gf`f lrno` gpob`r uipkf b` lipgf ag vd` VKB avs`kl+ uavd gi g``f vi kiim agvi vd` Xne` Vnbk`' Knre`r vd` VKB+ daed`r uipkf b` vd` VKB Dav Rnvai'! K`v RNO ncc`ss vao` v
Ills`v ir fasxknc`o`gv f+ vdnv as ps`f vi agf`t agvi vd` s`k`cv`f lrno` vi ibvnag vd` f`sar`f ix`rngf' Xdqsacnk nffr`ss ? l* xne`/saz` - f= Vd` ciobag`f k`gevd il nkk vd` agg`r xne` vnbk`s uipkf b` sno` ns vd` vd` k`gevd il n sagek` xne` vnbk` ag vd` cns` il sagek`/k`|`k/xneage'
@tnoxk` : Spxxis` saz` il kieacnk nffr`ss ? g ? 32 Xne` saz`
? 2o ? 2>8? >826 bqv`s
Gpob`r il bavs vi r`xr`s`gv xne` ills`v ? o ? >8 Gpob`r il bavs vi r`xr`s`gv xne` gpob`r ? g – o ? 22 K`gevd il xne` vnbk` $lir sagek`/k`|`k/xneage! ? 222 ? 6 o `gvra`s Spxxis`+ lir vd` vui k`|`k xneage+ il vd` vivnk 22 bavs r`xr`s`gvage xne` gpob`r ngf >8 bavs nr` ps`f vi r`xr`s`gv vd` agg`r xne` gpob`r' Vd`g+ K`gevd il ipv`r xne` vnbk` ? 2>2 ? 6 M `gvra`s Gpob` Gpob`rr il ipv`r ipv`r xne` vnbk`s vnbk`s
?>
K`gevd il `ncd agg`r xne` vnbk` ? 2>8 ? > M `gvra`s Gpob`r il agg`r xne` vnbk`s
? 2>2 ? 6 M
Ciobag`f k`gevd il nkk agg`r xne` vnbk` ? > M T 6 M ? 6 O `gvra`s Vdas as `tncvkq `~pnk vi vd` xne` vnbk` k`gevd vi sagek`/k`|`k xneage' Bpv+ ag vd` vui k`|`k xneage+ nkk agg`r xne` vnbk`s g``f giv b` cigcprr`gvkq o`oirq/ r`saf`gv' Spxxis`+ vd` `t`cpvage xrierno dns n kieacnk nffr`ss sxnc` il 32 OB' Vdas uipkf cioxras` cioxras` 32M xne`s' xne`s' @ncd agg`r agg`r xne` vnbk` cng nffr`ss nffr`ss > M xne`s' Si+ igkq 32 agg`r xne` vnbk`s $ipv il vd` vivnk 6 M agg`r xne` vnbk`s! uipkf g``f vi b` o`oirq/ r`saf`gv' Vdps+ av r`fpc`s vd` o`oirq i|`rd`nf il xne` vnbk`' Nf|ngvne` il Opkva/k`|`k xneage
Nkk vd` agg`r xne` vnbk`s uipkf giv b` r`~par`f vi b` o`oirq r`saf`gv saopkvng`ipskq' F`x`gfage pxig vd` saz` il `t`cpvage xrierno+ igkq n sonkk lrncvaig il vd` s`v il agg`r xne` vnbk`s uipkf g``f vi b` o`oirq r`saf`gv+ vdps r`fpcage vd` o`oirq i|`rd`nf il xne` vnbk`' Fasnf|ngvne` il Opkva/k`|`k Xneage
Vi ncc`ss ng ix`rngf+ opkva/k`|`k xneage g``fs sio` `tvrn o`oirq ncc`ss`s' Lir `tnoxk`+ ag vd` cns` il vui k`|`k xneage+ ng nffavaignk o`oirq ncc`ss as r`~par`f+ vdnv as+ vi e`v vd` bns` nffr`ss il agg`r xne` vnbk`' Dnsd`f Xne` Vnbk`
N xne` vnbk` as cr`nv`f il k`gevd O' Ud`g`|`r+ kieacnk nffr`ss as e`g`rnv`f+ n dnsdage lpgcvaig as nxxka`f vi vd` xne` gpob`r x+ vi e`g`rnv` ng agf`t |nkp` a' Ί
? x % O=
Vd` agf`t |nkp` Ί as ps`f vi agf`t agvi vd` xne` vnbk`' @ncd `gvrq ag vd` xne` vnbk` as n xiagv`r vi n kagm kasv' N gif` ag vd` kagm kasv uakk xri|af` onxxage b`vu``g xne` gpob`r x ngf vd` cirr`sxigfage lrno` gpob`r l' @ncd gif` uakk cigvnag vd` likkiuage aglironvaig: Xne`/gpob`r $snq x >!+ spcd vdnv $x> % O ? ? a! Lrno`/gpob`r l>+ ud`r` vd` xne` gpob`r x> r`saf`s' Xiagv`r vi vd` g`tv gif` ag vd` kasv' Si+ vd` kagm kasv+ ncc`ss`f vdriped vd` agf`t |nkp` a' uakk b` vrn|`rs`f+ vakk n onvcd lipgf lir xne` gpob`r x ngf vd` cirr`sxigfage lrno` gpob`r l as ibvnag`f'
Psage Dnsd`f vnbk`+ u` cng dn|` n xne` vnbk` il ngq k`gevd' Vrngsknvaig lrio kieacnk nffr`ss vi xdqsacnk nffr`ss uakk ag|ik|` agf`tage agvi vd` xne` vnbk` ngf vd`g vrn|`rsage vd` kagm kasv kiimage lir n onvcd il vd` xne` gpob`r' Vd` kagm kasv+ b`age s`~p`gvank+ as vao`/cigspoage' Bpv+ vdas uakk r`fpc` vd` o`oirq i|`rd`nf il xne` vnbk`+ sagc` kagm kasv gif`s uakk b` cr`nv`f igkq lir vdis` xne`s+ vdnv uakk b` o`oirq r`saf`gv' S`eo`gvnvaig Ag s`eo`gvnvaig+ vd` xdqsacnk as fa|af`f ag s`eo`gvs il |nrqage saz`s' @ncd s`eo`gv as nssaeg`f n pga~p` s`eo`gv gpob`r' Vd` o`oirq ongne`o`gv as fig` vdriped n s`eo`gv s`eo`gv vnbk`+ udacd as agf`t`f bq s`eo`gv gpob`r' Lir `ncd s`eo`gv+ av dns ng `gvrq vdnv xri|af`s $n! bns` nffr`ss il vd` s`eo`gv ngf $b! saz` il vd` s`eo`gv' Vd` kieacnk nffr`ss cigvnags cigvnags s`eo`gv s`eo`gv gpob`r —s‑ ngf ills`v ills`v uavdag uavdag vd` s`eo`gv s`eo`gv —f‑' —f‑' Psage Psage vd` vd` s`eo`gv s`eo`gv gpob`r+ vd` sqsv`o ibvnags bns` nffr`ss il vd` s`eo`gv' Vd`g av onm`s n cd`cm vi f`v`roag` ud`vd`r ills`v as uavdag vd` s`eo`gv saz` ir giv' Al q`s vd`g vd` ills`v f as |nkaf ngf xdqsacnk nffr`ss as cioxpv`f bq nffage vd` ills`v vi vd` bns` nffr`ss= nffr`ss= `ks` av as `rrir'
0'6 Sunxxage ngf ngf S`eo`gvnvaig S`eo`gvnvaig uavd xneage xneage Sunxxage as n v`cdga~p` ag udacd n spsx`gf`f xric`ss ir n xr``oxv`f xric`ss as r`oi|`f lrio onag o`oirq vi s`cigfnrq o`oirq ngf knv`r knv`r ig vd` sno` xric`ss as bripedv bncm ag onag o`oirq lrio s`cigfnrq o`oirq' Ud`g n xric`ss as sdalv`f lrio onag o`oirq vi s`cigfnrq o`oirq av as cnkk`f sunxxage ipv ngf avs spbs`~p`gv brageage bncm as cnkk`f sunxxage ag' Vd` xnrv il vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o vdnv x`rliros vdas ncvaig as cnkk`f vd` sunxx`r' Vd` sunxx`r x`rliros vd` likkiuage lpgcvaigs:
>' Av d`kxs ag vd` s`k`cvaig il xric`ss`s noige s`|`rnk bkicm`f ir pgbkicm`f xric`ss`s vi
sunx ipv'
2' Av d`kxs ag vd` s`k`cvaig il xric`ss`s x ric`ss`s vi sunx ag' 3' Av nksi x`rliros vd` ncvaig il nkkicnvaig ng f ongne`o`gv il sunx sxnc`'
Ag s`eo`gvnvaig uavd xneage+ vd` kieacnk sxnc` as fa|af`f agvi n gpob`r il s`eo`gvs il |`ralqage saz`s ngf `ncd s`eo`gv as fa|af`f agvi n gpob`r il xne`s+ `ncd il n lat`f saz`' Vd` o`oirq ongne`o`gv ongne`o`gv as fig` vdriped vdriped n s`eo`gvnvaig s`eo`gvnvaig vnbk`' @ncd s`eo`gv dns ng
`gvrq ag vd` vnbk`' Ng `gvrq cigvnags bns` nffr`ss il vd` s`eo`gv xne` vnbk` ngf saz` il vd` s`eo`gv xne` vnbk`' Vd` kieacnk nffr`ss cigvnags s`eo`gv # —s‑+ xne` gpob`r —x‑ ag n s`eo`gv ngf ills`v —f‑ ag vd` xne`' Vd` s`eo`gv gpob`r—s‑ as vi ncc`ss vd` s`eo`gv `gvrq ag vd` s`eo`gvnvaig vnbk`' Vd` xne` vnbk` bns` nffr`ss —B‑ ag vd` `gvrq as ps`f vi ncc`ss vd` s`eo`gv xne` vnbk`' Si+ `ncd s`eo`gv uakk dn|` n s`xnrnv` xne` vnbk`' Vd` xne` gpob`r —x‑ as ps`f vi ncc`ss vd` lrno` # —l‑ ag vd` xne` vnbk`‑ xri|af` x ; O $a'`'+ saz` il vd` s`eo`gv xne` vnbk`!= `ks` av as ag|nkaf xne` gpob`r' Vd` lrno` gpob`r —l‑ as ciobag`f uavd vd` ills`v—f‑ vi cioxpv` vd` xdqsacnk xdqsacnk nffr`ss'
0'0 \arvpnk O`oirq+ F`ongf Xneage Av as n o`oirq ongne`o`gv scd`o`+ scd`o`+ udacd udacd nkkius xnrvank kinfage
il vd` |arvpnk |arvpnk nffr`ss
sxnc` il n r`saf`gv xric`ss ag xdqsacnk o`oirq' Ag r`nk o`oirq ongne`o`gv ud`g n xric`ss as sunxx`f ipv lrio vd` onag o`oirq+ vd` `gvar` xric`ss aone` uns vi b` sunxx`f ipv' Knv`r ig ud`g vd` sno` xric`ss uns sunxx`f ag' vd`s` scd`o`s nr` `nsq vi aoxk`o`gv+ bpv pglirvpgnv`kq al vd` saz` il xdqsacnk o`oirq as kaoav`f+ vd` gi' il ncva|` xric`ss`s nr` nksi kaoav`f' Vi i|`rcio` vdas kaoavnvaig+ |arvpnk o`oirq as ps`f vdnv nkkius vd` `t`cpvaig il xric`ss`s vdnv onq giv b` cioxk`v`kq ag onag o`oirq' Vdps u` cng snq vdnv |arvpnk o`oirq as n ongne`o`gv' Av as giv n xnrv il onag ir s`cigfnrq o`oirq' Vd` onag |asabk` nf|ngvne`s il |arvpnk o`oirq nr` vdnv av cng nksi `t`cpv` spcd xriernos udis` saz`s nr` er`nv`r vdng vd` cnxncavq il vd` n|naknbk` xdqsacnk o`oirq' Nf|ngvne`s il |arvpnk o`oirq i|`r vd` r`nk o`oirq sqsv`o:/ >' N xric`ss xric`ss as gi kige`r kaoav`f kaoav`f vi noipgv noipgv il onag onag o`oirq o`oirq n|naknbk`' n|naknbk`'
2' F`er`` il opkvaxriernooage agcr`ns`s ns `ncd ps`r x rierno cipkf vnm` k`ss onag o`oirq sxnc`'
3' A)I ix`rnvaig vnm`s k`ss vao` ud`g n xric`ss as kinf`f ir sunxx`f ipv' Ag f`ongf xneage+ vd` `t`cpvaig il n xric`ss svnrvs uavd nv k`nsv ig` xne` agvi onag o`oirq= o`oirq= ib|aipskq ib|aipskq vdas xne` opsv cigvnag cigvnag vd` svnrvage svnrvage xiagv il vd` `t`cpvaig `t`cpvaig il vd` xric`ss' Vd`r` as gi g``f vi kinf nkk vd` xne`s agvi vd` onag o`oirq' Ud`g n o`oirq r`l`r`gc` as onf` lir n xne`+ bpv vdnv xne` iccprs ipvsaf` vd` onag o`oirq+ n xne` lnpkv iccprs udacd cr`nv`s agv`rrpxv ag vd` sqsv`o ngf av r`~p`svs lir kinfage vd` r`l`r`gc`f
xne` aoo`fanv`kq , av as vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o vdnv brages vd` r`~par`f xne` agvi vd` onag o`oirq' D`gc` vd` v`ros f`ongf xneage as ps`f lir vdas v`cdga~p`'
0'< X`rlirongc` il F`ongf Xneage Xne` lnpkv rnv` rnv` nkunqs ka`s b`vu``g b`vu``g z`ri ngf ig`' Xne` lnpkv rnv` 8;? x;?> $K`v x ? xribnbakavq il n xne` lnpkv!
/
al x?8+ gi xne` lnpkv
/
al x?>+ `|`rq r`l`r`gc` r`spkvs ag n xne` x ne` lnpkv
@ll`cva|` Ncc`ss Vao` $@NV! @NV ? $> – x! * dav/v dav/vao` ao` - x * oass/v oass/vao` ao` Av onq nksi b` f`lag`f ns UNV? $>/x! `ll`cva|`Yo`oirqYncc`ss- $xne` lnpkv i|`rd`nf - ]sunx ipv_ - sunx ag r`svnrv i|`rd`nf! K`v ps cigsaf`r ng `tnoxk`: – `ll`cva|`Yo`oirqYncc`ss as >85 gng` s`c$uavd VKB ud`g VKB ncc`ss as 0 gngi s`c!' – O`oirq O`oirq ncc`ss ncc`ss vao` vao` as as >88 >88 g`gis` g`gis`cc i|`rd`nf as >88 oacri oacri s`c – Xne` lnpkv i|`rd`nf
– Xne` sunx vao` as >8 oakkas`cigf' – 08% il vd` vao`+ vd` xne` vdnv as b`age r`xknc`f dns b``g oifala`f ngf vd`r`lir` g``fs vi b` sunxx`f ipv'
Av r`xknc`s KRP xne` a'`+ vd` xne` udacd dns b``g ps`f k`nsv r`c`gvkq' Si+ udak` cdiisage n r`saf`gv xne` lir r`xknc`o`gv+ vd` nkeiravdo vnm`s agvi nccipgv avs cprr`gv psne`' Av as xr`spo`f vdnv n xne` vdnv dns b``g ps`f k`nsv r`c`gvkq+ uipkf b` vd` ig` vdnv uipkf b` k`nsv kam`kq vi b` ncc`ss`f ag vd` g`nr lpvpr`' Ig` aoxk`o`gvnvaig il vdas nkeiravdo cipkf b` bq psage n svncm' Ud`g`|`r+ n g`u xne` as bripedv ag+ av as xknc`f nv vd` vix il svncm' Nksi+ ud`g`|`r+ n r`saf`gv xne` as ncc`ss`f+ av as r`oi|`f lrio avs cprr`gv xisavaig ngf oi|`f vi vd` vix il svncm' Ud`g`|`r+ n xne` as vi b` r`xknc`f+ |acvao xne` as cdis`g lrio
vd` bivvio il svncm' K`v ps s`` vd` x`rlirongc` il vdas nkeiravdo+ lir vd` nbi|` r`l`r`gc` svrage'
R`l`r`gc` Svrage 5
8
>
2
8
3
8
6
2
3
8
3
2
>
2
8
>
5
8
>
Xne` Lrno`s 5
5
5
2
2
6
6
6
8
>
>
>
8
8
8
8
8
8
3
3
3
8
8
>
>
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
5
Xne` ag/ipv R`cirf 5
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2
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6
2
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8
>
8
5
/
/
/
5
>
2
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8
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2
Sx`cank Svncm 5
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2
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5
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5
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3
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>
2
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>
5
8
5
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>
2
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8
6
2
2
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3
>
2
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>
5
Gpob`r il Xne` Lnpkvs ag KRP ? >2 Xkps xiagvs il KRP Nkeiravdo' Udak` s`k`cvage n r`saf`gv xne` lir r`xknc`o`gv+ av vnm`s agvi cigsaf`rnvaig vd` cprr`gv psne` il n xne` vd` nkeiravdo as lr`` lrio B`knfqhs Ngionkq' Kaoavnvaigs il KRP Nkeiravdo' Vd` nkeiravdo dns n kiv il xric`ssage/i|`rd`nfs+ udacd nr` g``f`f vi m``x vrncm il KRP xne`' 3'
Ag avs af`nk liro+ vdas nkeiravdo sdipkf r`xknc` n xne`+ udacd as vi b` r`l`r`gc`f ag vd` oisv fasvngv lpvpr`' Sagc`+ av r`~par`s mgiuk`fe` il vd` lpvpr`= avs af`nk liro as giv xrncvacnkkq r`nkaznbk`' Vd` saegalacngc` il vdas nkeiravdo as igkq vd`ir`vacnk' Av as ps`f vi
cioxnr` x`rlirongc` il n xrncvacnkkq r`nkaznbk` nkeiravdo uavd vdnv il vd` ixvaonk $vdiped giv n r`nkaznbk` nkeiravdo+ bpv ixvaonk!' Ixvaonk R`l`r`gc` Svrage 5
8
>
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2
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5
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Xne` Lrno`s 5
5
5
2
2
2
2
2
5
8
8
8
8
6
8
8
8
>
>
3
3
3
>
>
Xne` ag/ipv R`cirf 5
8
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6
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5
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8
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2
Gpob`r il xne` lnpkvs ag Ixvaonk ? 81 Eiage bq vd` gpob`r il xne` lnpkvs+ vd` Ixvaonk Nkeiravdo nxx`nrs vi b` vd` b`sv+ bpv av as giv l`nsabk` vi aoxk`o`gv vdas nkeiravdo+ sagc` vd` nkeiravdo r`~par`s mgiuk`fe` il vd` lpvpr`' Ipv il LALI ngf KRP nkeiravdos+ vd` KRP as b`vv`r+ sagc` av vnm`s agvi cigsaf`rnvaig vd` cprr`gv psne` il n xne` ud`g`|`r n r`saf`gv xne` as cigsaf`r`f lir r`xknc`o`gv' Vd` xne`+ udacd dns b``g k`nsv r`c`gvkq ps`f+ as cdis`g lir r`xknc`o`gv' Si+ vd` nkeiravdo as lr`` il B`knfqhs Ngionkq' 6' 6'
Ckic kicm Nkeir keiraavdo vdo
Vdas nkeiravdo ciobag`s vd` r`knva|` kiu i|`rd`nf il LALI nkeiravdo uavd vd` xne`/ psne`/cigsaf`rnvaig il vd` KRP nkeiravdo' Vdas nkeiravdo as nksi sio`vao`s r`l`rr`f vi ns Giv R`c`gvkq Ps`f $GRP!' Av r`xknc`s n r`saf`gv xne`+ udacd dns giv b``g ncc`ss`f ag vd` g`nr xnsv' Av uirms ns likkius: Vd` nkeiravdo onagvnags n carcpknr kasv il nkk r`saf`gv xne`s' N r`l`r`gc`f bav as nssicanv`f uavd `ncd xne`+ udacd as s`v ud`g`|`r+ n xne` as r`l`r`gc`f'
@avd`r nv r`epknr agv`r|nks ir ud`g`|`r vd` gpob`r il lr`` xne`/lrno`s lnkks b`kiu n xr`s`v vdr`sdikf+ vd` nkeiravdo su``xs vd` carcpknr kasv' Udak` su``xage+ av ix`rnv`s ns likkius: Av agsx`cvs vd` r`l`r`gc`f bav il `ncd xne`' Al vd` r`l`r`gc`f bav il n xne` as s`v+ av aoxka`s vdnv vd` xne` dns b``g r`l`r`gc`f ag vd` g`nr xnsv a'`'+ spbs`~p`gv vi vd` knsv su``x' Vd` nkeiravdo ck`nrs vd` r`l`r`gc`f bav ngf xric``fs vi kiim nv vd` g`tv xne`' Al vd` r`l`r`gc`f bav il n xne` as giv s`v+ av aoxka`s vdnv vd` xne` dns giv b``g r`l`r`gc`f spbs`~p`gv vi vd` knsv su``x' Giu+ al vd` oifala`f bav il vd` xne` as giv s`v vd`g vd` xne` as f`cknr`f gig/r`saf`gv ngf vd` lrno` as lr``f' Diu`|`r+ al vd` oifala`f bav as s`v vd`g vd` xne` as scd`fpk`f lir uravage igvi fasm' Vd` nkeiravdo cigvagp`s vd` su``x+ vakk vd` r`~p ar`f gpob`r il lrno`s dns b``g lr``f' G`tv vao`+ av cioo`gc`s lrio vd` xiagv ud`r` av dnf k`lv knsv vao` $ns agfacnv`f bq vd` xiagv`r!' 0' 0'
K`ns K`nsvv Lr`~ Lr`~p` p`gv gvkq kq Ps` Ps`f f $KLP $KLP!!
Ag vdas nkeiravdo+ n cipgv as nssicanv`f uavd `ncd r`saf`gv xne`+ udacd as agcr`o`gv`f bq ig`+ ud`g`|`r n xne` as r`l`r`gc`f' Ud`g`|`r n r`xknc`o`gv as g`c`ssnrq+ n xne` uavd k`nsv cipgv as r`xknc`f' Vd` onag frnubncm il vdas nkeiravdo as vdnv sio` xne`s onq dn|` n |`rq daed psne` agavankkq ngf onq bpakf n daed cipgv' Spcd xne`s+ `|`g al vd`q dn|` kiu psne` spbs`~p`gvkq+ uipkf r`onag o`oirq/r`saf`gv+ fp` vi vd` daed cipgv' Ig` sikpvaig vi vdas xribk`o cipkf b` vdnv iccnsaignkkq vd` cipgv il `ncd r`saf`gv xne` cipkf b` sdalv`f raedv bq ig` $fa|af` bq vui!' Vdps+ vd` cipgv uipkf b`cio` ‛`txig`gvankkq/ f`cnqage n|`rne`/psne` cipgv‟' <'
Oisv Ps`f $OP!
Vdas nkeiravdo r`xknc`s vd` xne` uavd vd` knre`sv psne`/cipgv' Av as bns`f ig vd` nsspoxvaig vdnv vd` xne`s uavd sonkk`r cipgv dn|` b``g bripedv/ag igkq r`c`gvkq ngf uipkf g``f vi b` r`saf`gv' Vdas nkeiravdo as |`rq ckis` vi LALI nkeiravdo ngf dns nkk vd` ngionka`s uavd LALI'
0'4 Vdrnsdage Ag xne` r`xknc`o`gv ud`g n xne` lnpkv iccprs+ vd` g`u xne` r`xknc`s uavd n r`saf`gv xne` il ngq xric`ss' Vdas savpnvaig k`nfs vi n s`raips xribk`o ns vd` gi' il sx`cala`f bq vd`
nrcdav`cvpr`' Al spcd n xric`ss fi`s giv dn|` vdas gi' il lrno`s+ av uakk |nrq ~pacmkq xne` lnpkv' Av uakk sx`gf oir` vao` ag xneage rnvd`r vdng avs `t`cpvaig' Vdas daedkq xneage ncva|avq il vd` sqsv`o as cnkk`f ns vdrnsdage' Ag Vdrnsdage ns vd` f`er`` il opkvaxriernooage agcr`ns`s CXP pvakaznvaig nksi agcr`ns`s pgvak n ont' as r`ncd`f+ snq xnagv V nlv`r vdas xiagv V+ al vd` f`er`` il opkvaxriernooage as lprvd`r agcr`ns`f vd`g vdrnsdage vdrnsdage s`vs ag ngf CXP pvakaznvaig fiug sdnrxkq sqsv`os sx`gfs oisv il avs vao` ag sdpvvkage xne`s b`vu``g onag o`oirq ngf s`cigfnrq o`oirq'
CXP Pvakaznvaig
Ixvaopo
F`er`` il opkvaxriernooage
0'1 F`ongf S`eo`gvnvaig S`eo`gvnvaig •
Ps`f ud`g agspllaca`gv dnrfunr` vi aoxk`o`gv f`ongf xneage
•
IS)2 IS)2 nkkicnv nkkicnv`s `s o`oirq o`oirq ag s`eo s`eo`gv `gvs+ s+ udacd udacd av m``xs m``xs vrncm vrncm il vdri vdriped ped s`eo` s`eo`gv gv f`scraxvirs
•
S`eo`gv S`eo`gv f`scr f`scraxv axvir ir cigvna cigvnags gs n |nkaf |nkaf bav bav vi agfacn agfacnv` v` ud`vd` ud`vd`rr vd` s`eo` s`eo`gv gv as cprr`gvkq ag o`oirq' –
Al s`eo s`eo`gv `gv as ag ag onag onag o`oi o`oirq+ rq+ ncc`ss ncc`ss cigv cigvagp agp`s+ `s+
–
Al giv ag o`oi o`oirq rq++ s`e s`eo` o`gv gv lnpk lnpkvv
O`oirq Ongne`o`gv @gf Cdnxv`r ~pazz`s: ^>' \arvpnk O`oirq as ciooigkq aoxk`o`gv`f bq YYYYYYYYYY' n' S`eo`gvnvaig b' Sunxxage c' F`ongf Xneage f' Gig` il vd` nbi|` ^2' YYYYYYYYY Xne` r`xknc`o`gv nkeiravdo spll`rs lrio B`knfqs ngionkq' n' KRP b' ORP c' LALI f' KALI ^3' Xnea ^3' Xneage ge YY YYYY YYYY YYYY YYY' Y' n' sik|`s vd` o`oirq lrneo`gvnvaig xribk`o b' nkkius oifpknr xriernooage c' nkkius svrpcvpr`f xriernooage f' n|iafs f`nfkicm ^6' Ag o`oirq ongne`o`gv+ n v`cdga~p` cnkk`f ns xneage+ xdqsacnk o`oirq as as brim`g agvi lat`f/saz`f bkicms cnkk`f YYYYYYYYYYY' n' Xne`s b' Lrno`s c' Bkicms f' S`eo`gvs ^0' \arvpnk o`oirq as YYYYYYYYYY' n' Ng `tvr`o`kq knre` onag o`oirq b' Ng `tvr`o`kq knre` s`cigfnrq o`oirq c' Ng akkpsaig il `tvr`o`kq knre` onag o`oirq f' N vqx` il o`oirq ps`f ag spx`r cioxpv`rs
Xriv`cvaig il lak`s nenagsv akk`enk liros il ncc`ss'
Svnvac ngf fqgnoac sdnrage il lak`s'
R`kanbk` svirne` il lak`s'
Ag e`g`rnk n lak` sqsv`o cigsasvs il vui onag xnrvs:/
Lak`s/ cikk`cvaig il kieacnk r`knv`f fnvn av`os'
Far`cvirq/ cikk`cvaig il r`knv`f lak`s' lak`s' N far`cvirq svrpcvpr` irengaz`s nkk vd` lak`s ngf cigvnags `giped aglironvaig nbipv vd` lak`s ag vd` sqsv`o'
<'2 Ncc`ss O`vdifs Vd`r` nr` s`|`rnk fall`r`gv unqs ag udacd vd` fnvn svir`f ag n lak` onq b` ncc`ss`f lir r`nfage ngf uravage' Vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o as r`sxigsabk` lir spxxirvage vd`s` lak` ncc`ss o`vdifs' Vd` lpgfno`gvnk o`vdifs lir ncc`ssage aglironvaig ag vd` lak` nr` $n! s`~p`gvank ncc`ss: ag av aglironvaig ag vd` lak` opsv b` ncc`ss`f ag vd` irf`r av as svir`f ag vd` lak`+ $b! far`cv ncc`ss+ ngf $c! agf`t s`~p`gvank ncc`ss'
n' n'
S`~p S`~p`g `gva vank nk Ncc` Ncc`ss ss
N s`~p`gvank lak` as vd` oisv xraoava|` il nkk lak`s svrpcvpr`s' Av dns gi far`cvirq ngf gi kagmage xiagv`rs' Vd` r`cirfs nr` e`g`rnkkq irengaz`f ag n sx`calac s`~p`gc` nccirfage vi vd` m`q la`kf' Ag ivd`r uirfs+ n xnrvacpknr nvvrabpv` as cdis`g udis` |nkp` uakk f`v`roag` vd` irf`r il vd` r`cirfs' Ncc`ss xric``fs s`~p`gvankkq lrio svnrv vi lagasd' Ix`rnvaigs vi
r`nf ir urav` vd` lak` g``f giv sx`calq vd` kieacnk kicnvaig uavdag vd` lak`+ b`cnps` ix`rnvage sqsv`o onagvnags n lak` xiagv`r vdnv f`v`roag`s vd` kicnvaig il vd` g`tv ncc`ss' Sio`vao`s ud`g vd` nvvrabpv` |nkp` as cigsvngv lir n knre` gpob`r il r`cirfs n s`cigf m`q as cdis`g vi ea|` ng irf`r ud`g vd` larsv m`q lnaks vi fascraoagnv`' Ps` il s`~p`gvank lak` r`~par`s fnvn vi b` sirv`f ag n f`sar`f s`~p`gc` nccirfage vi vd` m`q la`kf b`lir` svirage ir xric`ssage vd`o' Avs onag nf|ngvne`s nr`:
Av as `nsq vi aoxk`o`gv
Av xri|af`s lnsv ncc`ss vi vd` g`tv r`cirfs al vd` r`cirfs nr` vi b` ncc`ss`f psage k`taciernxdac irf`r'
Avs fasnf|ngvne`s nr`:
Av as fallacpkv vi pxfnv` ngf ags`rvaig il n g`u r`cirf onq r`~par` oi|age knre` xrixirvaig il vd` lak`'
b'
Rngfio ncc`ss as `tvr`o`kq skiu'
Far`cv Nc Ncc`ss
Ag far`cv ncc`ss lak` irengaznvaig+ ngq r`cirfs cng b` ncc`ss`f arr`sx`cva|` il vd` cprr`gv xisavaig ag vd` lak`' Far`cv ncc`ss lak`s nr` cr`nv`f ig far`cv ncc`ss svirne` f`|ac`s' Ud`g`|`r n r`cirf as vi b` ags`rv`f+ avs m`q |nkp` as onxx`f agvi ng nffr`ss psage n dnsdage lpgcvaig' Ig vdnv nffr`ss r`cirf as svir`f' Vd` nf|ngvne` il far`cv ncc`ss lak` irengaznvaig as r`nkaz`f ud`g vd` r`cirfs nr` vi b` ncc`ss`f rngfiokq $giv s`~p`gvankkq!' Ivd`ruas` vdas irengaznvaig dns n gpob`r il kaoavnvaigs spcd ns $n! xiir pvakaznvaig il vd` A)I o`fapo ngf $b! Vao` cigspoxvaig fprage r`cirf nffr`ss cnkcpknvaig' c' Agf`t Agf`t s`~p`gva s`~p`gvank nk ncc`ss ncc`ss o`vdif o`vdif Vd` agf`t lak` irengaznvaig as `ss`gvankkq n cioxrioas` b`vu``g vd` s`~p`gvank ngf far`cv lak` irengaznvaig' Agf`t s`~p`gvank lak` irengaznvaig ps`s agf`tage vi kicnv` vd` f`sar`f r`cirfs' Ag vdas vd` r`cirfs nr` svir`f ag n sirv`f irf`r' Vd` xragcaxk` il ng agf`t lak` irengaznvaig as vi r`cirf ngf ncc`ss sonkk eripxs il r`cirfs ag ng `ss`gvank s`~p`gvank ongg`r ngf vi xri|af` n da`rnrcdacnk agf`t vi f`v`roag` udacd eripx cigvnags n xnrvacpknr r`cirf' Vdps agsv`nf il s`nrcdage vd` udik` lak` s`~p`gvankkq+ vd` s`nrcdage as r`fpc`f vi n sonkk eripx il r`cirfs' Ag vdas+ n vnbk` as onagvnag`f ag udacd vrncm gpob`r agf`t`s' Vd` vrncm agf`t agfacnv`s vd` sonkk`sv ngf knre`sv svpf`gv gpob`r+ ns sdiug ag lae'
Vrncm Svnrv Gpob`r
@gf
#> #2 #3 //// //// #<
>6 38 62 //// //// ////
> >5 33 //// //// ////
Vrncm
#> #2 #3 //// //// #<
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21
38
33
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34
68
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<'3 Far`cvirq Far`cvirq Svrpcv Svrpcvpr` pr` Vd` lak` sqsv`os il cioxpv`rs cng b` `tv`gsa|`' Sio` sqsv`os svir` vdipsngfs il lak`s ig dpgfr`fs il eaenbqv`s il fasm' Vi ongne` nkk vd`s` fnvn+ u` g``f vi irengaz` vd`o' Vdas irengaznvaig as pspnkkq fig` ag vui xnrvs= larsv+ vd` lak` sqsv`o as brim`g agvi ag vd` |ikpo`s ag vd` XC' Ag vdas unq+ vd` ps`r g``fs vi b` cigc`rg`f uavd igkq vd` kieacnk far`cvirq ngf lak` svrpcvpr`+ ngf cng aegir` cioxk`v`kq vd` xribk`os il xdqsacnkkq nkkicnvage sxnc` lir lak`s' Lir vdas r`nsig xnrvavaigs cng b` vdipedv il ns |arvpnk fasms' S`cigf+ `ncd xnrvavaig cigvnags aglironvaig nbipv lak`s uavdag av' Vdas aglironvaig as m`xv ag n f`|ac` far`cvirq ir |ikpo` vnbk` il cigv`gvs' Vd` f`|ac` far`cvirq $oir` ciooigkq mgiug saoxkq ns n ‛far`cvirq‟! r`cirfs aglironvaig spcd ns gno`+ kicnvaig+ saz` ngf vqx` lir nkk lak`s ig vdnv xnrvavaig' Vd` likkiuage nr` vd` fall`r`gv vqx`s il Far`cvirq Svrpcvpr`' Sagek`/K`|`k Far`cvirq: Vd` saoxk`sv far`cvirq svrpcvpr` as vd` sagek`/k`|`k vr``' N sagek` k`|`k vr`` sqsv`o dns igkq ig` far`cvirq' Nkk lak`s nr` cigvnag`f ag vd` sno` far`cvirq+ udacd as `nsq vi spxxirv ngf pgf`rsvngf' Gno`s ag vdnv far`cvirq r`l`r vi lak`s ir ivd`r gig/ far`cvirq ibj`cvs' Spcd n sqsv`o as xrncvacnk igkq ig sqsv`os uavd |`rq kaoav`f gpob`rs il lak`s' N sagek`/k`|`k far`cvirq dns saegalacngv kaoavnvaigs+ ud`g vd` gpob`r il lak`s agcr`ns`s ir ud`g vd`r` as oir` vdng ig` ps`r' Sagc` nkk lak`s nr` svir`f ag vd` sno` far`cvirq+ vd` gno` ea|`g vi `ncd lak` sdipkf b` pga~p`' Al vd`r` nr` vui ps`rs ngf vd`q ea|` vd` sno` gno` vi vd`r` lak`+ vd`g vd`r` as n xribk`o'
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Z2
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Laepr` – Sagek` Sagek` K`|`k Far`cvirq Far`cvirq @|`g uavd n sagek` ps`r+ ns vd` gpob`r il lak`s agcr`ns`+ av b`cio`s fallacpkv vi r`o`ob`r vd` gno`s il nkk vd` lak`s+ si ns vi cr`nv` igkq lak`s uavd pga~p` gno`s' Av as giv pgciooig lir n ps`r vi dn|` dpgfr`fs il lak`s ig ig` cioxpv`r sqsv`o ngf ng `~pnk gpob`r il nffavaignk lak`s ig ngivd`r sqsv`o' Ag spcd ng `g|arigo`gv+ m``xage vrncm il si ongq lak`s as n fnpgvage vnsm' Vui/K`|`k Far`cvirq: Vd` fasnf|ngvne` il n sagek`/k`|`k far`cvirq as ciglpsaig il lak` gno`s' Vd` svngfnrf sikpvaig as vi cr`nv` n s`xnrnv` far`cvirq lir `ncd ps`r' Ag n vui k`|`k sqsv`o+ igkq vd` riiv k`|`k far`cvirq onq cigvnag gno`s il far`cvira`s ngf nkk ivd`r far`cvira`s far`cvira`s r`l`r r`l`r igkq vi gig/ far`cvirq far`cvirq ibj`cvs' ibj`cvs' Ag vd` vui/k`|`k vui/k`|`k far`cvirq far`cvirq svrpcvpr`+ svrpcvpr`+ `ncd ps`r dns das)d`r iug ps`r lak` far`cvirq $PLF!' @n cd PLF dns n saoaknr svrpcvpr`+ bpv kasvs igkq vd` lak`s il n sagek` ps`r' Ud`g n ps`r svnrvs ir n ps`r kies ag+ vd` sqsv`o‑s onsv`r lak` far`cvirq as s`nrcd`f' Vd` onsv`r lak` far`cvirq as agf`t`f bq ps`r gno` ir nccipgv' njnq
Onsv`r lak` far`cvirq
er``g bkp`
q`kkiu
oidno rnj
xagm
trnj
qrnj
Ps`r far`cvirq Vui/k`|`k Far`cvirq
Vr``/Svrpcvpr` Far`cvira`s : N vr`` sqsv`o nkkius eriuvd il vd` vr`` b`qigf vd` s`cigf k`|`k' Ngq far`cvirq onq cigvnag gno`s il nffavaignk far`cvira`s ns u`kk ns gig/ far`cvira`s ibj`cvs' Vdas e`g`rnkaznvaig nkkius ps`rs vi cr`nv` vd`ar iug spb/ far`cvira`s ngf vi irengaz` vd`ar lak`s nccirfagekq' Vd` OS/FIS sqsv`o+ lir agsvngc`+ as svrpcvpr` ns
n vr``' Ag lncv+ n vr`` as vd` oisv ciooig far`cvirq svrpcvpr`' Vd` vr`` dns n riiv far`cvirq' @|`rq lak` ag vd` sqsv`o dns n pga~p` xnvd gno`' N xnvd gno` as vd` xnvd lrio lrio vd` riiv+ vdriped nkk vd` spbfar`cvira`s+ vi n sx`cala`f' n
N>
N2>
B
N2
N22
B>
'
C
C>
B2
C2
C3
N23
Ncqckac/Ernxd Far`cvira`s: Sdnrage il lak` as ngivd`r aoxirvngv assp` ag f`cafage vd` far`cvirq svrpcvpr`' Al oir` vdng ig` ps`r nr` uirmage ig sio` ciooig xrij`cv' Si vd` lak`s nssicanv`f uavd vdnv xrij`cv sdipkf b` xknc`f ag n ciooig far`cvirq vdnv cng b` sdnr`f noige n gpob`r il ps`rs'
N
N>
N2
N3
B B>
N6
B2>
B22
B2
B23
Ncqckac/Ernxd Far`cvira`s
B3
Vd` aoxirvngv cdnrncv`rasvac il sdnrage as vdnv al n ps`r as onmage n cdnge` ag n sdnr`f lak` vdnv as vi b` r`lk`cv`f vi ivd`r ps`r nksi' Ag vdas unq n sdnr`f lak` as giv vd` sno` ns vui cixa`s il vd` lak`' Uavd vui cixa`s `ncd xriernoo`r cng |a`u vd` cixq rnvd`r vdng vd` iraeagnk+ bpv al ig` xriernoo`r cdnge`s vd` lak`+ vd` cdnge`s uakk giv nxx`nr ag vd` ivd`r‑s cixq' Uavd n sdnr`f lak`+ vd`r` as igkq ig` ncvpnk lak`+ si ngq cdnge`s onf` bq vd` x`rsig uipkf b` aoo`fanv`kq |asabk` vi vd` ivd`r'
<'6 Xriv`cvaig U` dn|` nkr`nfq svpfa`f vdnv n lak` as n cikk`cvaig il r`knv`f aglironvaig' Vd`r`lir` av g``fs xriv`cvaig lrio bivd xdqsacnk fnone` $r`kanbakavq! ngf aoxrix`r ncc`ss $xriv`cvaig!' Lak` sqsv`o cng b` fnone`f fp` vi dnrfunr` xribk`os+ spcd ns xiu`r lnakpr`+ d`nf crnsd`s+ farv+ |`rq daed v`ox`rnvpr`+ ngf si ig' Diu`|`r lak`s cng b` f`k`v`kq mgiuagekq ir pgmgiuagekq' Vd` igkq unq vi ncda`|` r`kanbakavq as vi onm` fpxkacnv` cix`s il vd` fasm lak`s ig ngq ivd`r svirne` f`|ac` nv r`epknr agv`r|nks+ snq ig n vnx` fra|`' Xriv`cvaig cng b` ncda`|`f bq avs kaoav`f ps`' Al qip ungv cioxk`v` xriv`cvaig vd`g vd` sqsv`o sdipkf giv x`roav far`cv ncc`ss vi vd` lak`s il ivd`r ps`rs' Ncvpnkkq n vqxacnk xriv`cvaig o`cdngaso xri|af`s cigvrikk`f ncc`ss bq kaoavage vd` vqx`s il lak` ncc`ss vdnv cng b` onf`' Vd`r` nr` si ongq fall`r`gv xriv`cvaig o`cdngasos' Lir agsvngc` al u` ps` n xriv`cvaig o`cdngaso ig n d`n|akq ps`f sqsv`o vd`g av as giv g`c`ssnrq vi ps` saoaknr vqx` il n xriv`cvaig o`cdngaso ig n sqsv`o vdnv as giv d`n|akq ps`f' Vd`r`lir` xriv`cvaig o`cdngaso |nra`s lrio sqsv`o vi sqsv`o' Vd` |`rq saoxk` xriv`cvaig o`cdngaso as vi nssicanv` ng ncc`ss kasv as nssicanv`f uavd `ncd lak` ngf far`cvirq' Ud`g n xric`ss r`~p`sv lir n lak` ncc`ss+ vd` ix`rnvage sqsv`o cd`cms vd` ncc`ss kasvs nssicanv`f uavd vdnv lak`' Al av as ag vd` ncc`ss kasv vd`g vd` r`~p`sv as erngv`f= ivd`ruas` av lknes ng `rrir o`ssne`+ spcd ns xriv`cvaig |aiknvaig `rrir' Vd` onag xribk`o uavd vdas scd`o` as vdnv av as aoxissabk` vi mgiu ag nf|ngc` udacd ps`r as eiage vi ps` udacd lak`' Nffavaignkkq av agcr`ns`s vd` far`cvirq saz`' Vd` xribk`o as i|`rcio` bq fa|afage fa|afage vd` ps`rs agvi vdr`` vdr`` cnv`eira`s/ cnv`eira`s/ iug`r+ eripx ngf ivd`rs' ivd`rs'
<'0 Lak` Sqsv`o Svrpcvpr` ngf Nkkicnvaig O`vdifs
Ng ix`rnvage sqsv`os lak` sqsv`o svrpcvpr` as avs oisv bnsac k`|`k il irengaznvaig' Nkoisv nkk il vd` unqs ng ix`rnvage sqsv`o agv`rncvs uavd avs ps`rs+ nxxkacnvaigs+ ngf s`cpravq oif`k nr` f`x`gf`gv pxig vd` unq av svir`s avs lak`s ig n svirne` f`|ac`' Av as crpcank lir n |nra`vq il r`nsigs vdnv ps`rs+ ns u`kk ns xriernos+ b` nbk` vi r`l`r vi n ciooig epaf`kag` vi mgiu ud`r` vi r`nf ngf urav` lak`s' N lak` sqsv`o cng b` s``g ag v`ros il vui fall`r`gv kieacnk cnv`eira`s il lak`s:
5'> Dasvirq PGAT as vd` oisv xixpknr xixpknr ix`rnvage ix`rnvage sqsv`o ig opkva opkva ps`r sqsv`o' sqsv`o' Av uns f`|`kix`f f`|`kix`f nv NV , V Knbirnvira`s ag >1<1 bq M`g Vdioxsig ngf F`ggas Ravcda`' Braig M`rgaedng gno`f av PGACS $Pgaxk`t`f Aglironvaig ngf Cioxpvage sqsv`o!'Ag >158+ av as cdnge`f lrio PGACS vi PGAT' PGAT' Iraeagnkkq Iraeagnkkq uravv`g uravv`g ag nss`obk`r+ nss`obk`r+ PGAT PGAT uns r`uravv`g r`uravv`g ag >153 ag C'
M`rg`k as vd` d`nrv il vd` PGAT sqsv`o' Av as vd` PGAT ix`rnvage Sqsv`o' Av as n cikk`cvaig il xriernos uravv`g ag C vdnv far`cvkq cioopgacnv` uavd dnrfunr`' Av as vd` o`oirq r`saf`gv xirvaig il vd` sqsv`o bpv giv far`cvkq agv`rncv uavd ps`r' Vd`r` as igkq ig` M`rg`k lir ngq sqsv`o'
Vd` xric`ss as unavage lir sio` `|`gv vi iccpr$spcd ns A)I cioxk`vaig ir r`c`xvaig il n saegnk!' Vd` R`nfq svnv`
Vd` xric`ss dns nc~par`s vd` r`~par`f r`siprc`s ngf as unavage vi b` nssaeg`f vi n xric`ssir ngq xric`ss vdnv as r`nfq vi b` `t`cpv`f Vd` V`roagnv` svnv`
Vd` xric`ss dns lagasd`f `t`cpvaig'
5'< O`oirq Ongne`o`gv O`oirq O`oirq ongne`o`gv ongne`o`gv f`caf`s udacd xric`ss xric`ss sdipkf sdipkf r`saf` r`saf` ag onag o`oirq ngf ngf ongne` vd` xnrvs il vd` |arvpnk nffr`ss il n xric`ss udacd nr` r`safage ig s`cigfnrq svirne` f`|ac`s' Av oigavirs vd` noipgv il xdqsacnk o`oirq ngf s`cigfnrq svirne` f`|ac`s' Sunxxage Vd` `nrkq f`|`kixo`gv il PGAT sqsv`os vrngsl`rr`f `gvar` xric`ss b`vu``g xraonrq o`oirq ngf s`cigfnrq svirne` f`|ac` bpv faf giv vrngsl`r xnrvs il n xric`ss agf`x`gf`gvkq+ `tc`xv lir sdnr`f v`tv' Spcd n o`oirq ongne`o`gv xikacq as cnkk`f sunxxage' F`ongf Xneage B`rm`k`q B`rm`k`q agvrifpc`s agvrifpc`s f`ongf f`ongf xneage vi PGAT uavd uavd BSF $B`rm`k`q $B`rm`k`q sqsv`o! sqsv`o! udacd vrngsl`rr`f o`oirq xne`s agsv`nf il xric`ss`s vi ngf lrio n s`cigfnrq f`|ac`' Ud`g n xric`ss g``f n xne` ngf vd` xne` as giv vd`r`+ n xne` lnpkv vi vd` m`rg`k iccprs+ n lrno` il onag o`oirq as nkkicnv`f ngf vd`g vd` xric`ss as kinf`f agvi vd` lrno` bq vd` m`rg`k'
5'5 Lak` ongne`o`gv PGAT ps`s n da`rnrcdacnk lak` svrpcvpr` vi svir` aglironvaig' Vdas svrpcvpr` dns vd` ontaopo lk`tabakavq ag eripxage aglironvaig 'Av nkkius lir `nsq onagv`gngc` ngf `llaca`gv aoxk`o`gvnvaig' Vd` Far`cvirq Svrpcvpr` Vd` PGAT Lak` Svrpcvpr` as da`rnrcdnk' Vdnv as+ far`cvira`s nr` kagm`f ag vd` liro il n lnoakq vr``= lak`s nr` svir`f pgf`r sx`calac far`cvira`s' Vd` bnsac svrpcvpr` il n PGAT sqsv`o as:
riiv Vd` xraonrq far`cvirq il vd` sqsv`o' Av as nksi vd` spx`r/ps`rs Dio` far`cvirq'
Lae'4'>'2 Fasm svrpcvpr`s: $N! Vrncm $B! E`io`vracnk s`cvir $C! Vrncm s`cvir $F! Ckpsv`r Ag vd` cigv`tv cigv`tv il cioxpv`r cioxpv`r fasm svirne`+ svirne`+ n s`cvir s`cvir as n spbfa|asaig spbfa|asaig il n vrncm $Laepr` $Laepr` 4'>'2+ av`o N!ig n oneg`vac fasm ir ixvacnk fasc' @ncd s`cvir svir`s n lat`f noipgv il fnvn' Vd` vqxacnk lironvvage il vd`s` o`fan xri|af`s sxnc` lir 0>2 bqv`s $lir oneg`vac fasms! ir 2864 bqv`s $lir ixvacnk fascs! il ps`r/ncc`ssabk` fnvn x`r s`cvir' Onvd`onvacnk Onvd`onvacnkkq+ kq+ vd` uirf uirf s`cvir s`cvir o`ngs n xirvai xirvaig g il n fasm b`vu``g n c`gv`r+ c`gv`r+ vui rnfaa rnfaa ngf n cirr`sxigfage nrc $s`` Laepr` 4'>'2+ av`o av`o B!+ sdnx`f kam` n skac` il n xa`' Vdps+ vd` ciooig fasm s`cvir $Laepr` 4'>'2+ av`o C! ncvpnkkq r`l`rs vi vd` agv`rs`cvaig il n vrncm ngf onvd`onvacnk s`cvir' @nrkq ig ag |nraips cioxpvage la`kfs+ vd` v`ro bkicm uns ps`f lir vdas sonkk cdpgm il fnvn+ bpv s`cvir nxx`nrs vi dn|` b`cio` oir` xr`|nk`gv' Ig` ~pav` xribnbk` r`nsig lir vdas as vd` lncv bkicm dns ilv`g b``g nxxka`f vi fnvn cdpgms il |nrqage saz`s lir ongq vqx`s il fnvn svr`nos+ rnvd`r vdng b`age kaoav`f vi vd` sonkk`sv ncc`ssabk` noipgv il fnvn ig n o`fapo' 4'>'3 Ckpsv`rs ,@tv`gvs Ckpsv`rs
N cioxpv`r ckpsv`r as n eripx il kagm`f cioxpv`rs+ uirmage vie`vd`r ckis`kq si vdnv ag ongq r`sx`cvs vd`q liro n sagek` cioxpv`r' Vd` cioxig`gvs il n ckpsv`r nr` ciooigkq+ bpv giv nkunqs+ cigg`cv`f vi `ncd ivd`r vdriped lnsv kicnk nr`n g`vuirms' Ckpsv`rs nr` pspnkkq f`xkiq`f vi aoxri|` x`rlirongc` ngf)ir n|naknbakavq i|`r vdnv il n sagek` cioxpv`r+ udak` vqxacnkkq b`age opcd oir` cisv/`ll`cva|` vdng sagek` cioxpv`rs il cioxnrnbk` sx``f ir n|naknbakavq' Vqx`s il ckpsv`rs >' Daed –n|naknbakavq Ckpsv`rs 2' Kinf bnkngcage Ckpsv`rs ckpsv`rs av as nksi mgiug ns Lnaki|`r >' Daed/n|naknbakavq $DN! ckpsv`rs/ Daed/n|naknbakavq ckpsv`rs Ckpsv`rs+ vd`s` nr` aoxk`o`gv`f xraonrakq lir vd` xprxis` il aoxri|age vd` n|naknbakavq il
s`r|ac`s vdnv vd` ckpsv`r xri|af`s' Vd`q ix`rnv` bq dn|age r`fpgfngv gif`s+ udacd nr` vd`g ps`f vi xri|af` s`r|ac` ud`g sqsv`o cioxig`gvs lnak' Vd` oisv ciooig saz` lir ng DN ckpsv`r as vui gif`s+ udacd as vd` oagaopo r`~par`o`gv vi xri|af` r`fpgfngcq' DN ckpsv`r aoxk`o`gvnvaigs nvv`oxv vi ps` r`fpgfngcq il ckpsv`r cioxig`gvs vi `kaoagnv` sagek` xiagvs il lnakpr`' Vd`r` nr` cioo`rcank aoxk`o`gvnvaigs il Daed/N|naknbakavq ckpsv`rs lir ongq ix`rnvage sqsv`os' Kinf/bnkngcage ge as ud`g opkvaxk` opkvaxk` cioxpv`rs cioxpv`rs nr` kagm`f kagm`f 2 Kinf/bnkngcage ckpsv`rs/ Kinf/bnkngca vie`vd`r vi sdnr` cioxpvnvaignk uirmkinf ir lpgcvaig ns n sagek` |arvpnk cioxpv`r' Kieacnkkq+ lrio vd` ps`r saf`+ vd`q nr` opkvaxk` oncdag`s+ bpv lpgcvaig ns n sagek` |arvpnk oncdag`' R`~p`svs agavanv`f lrio vd` ps`r nr` ongne`f bq+ ngf fasvrabpv`f noige+ nkk vd` svngfnkig` cioxpv`rs vi liro n ckpsv`r' Vdas r`spkvs ag bnkngc`f cioxpvnvaignk uirm noige fall`r`gv oncdag`s+ aoxri|age vd` x`rlirongc` il vd` ckpsv`r sqsv`o' Cioxpv` ckpsv`rs Ilv`g ckpsv`rs nr` ps`f xraonrakq lir cioxpvnvaignk xprxis`s+ rnvd`r vdng dngfkage AI/ ira`gv`f ix`rnvaigs spcd ns u`b s`r|ac` ir fnvnbns`s' Lir agsvngc`+ n ckpsv`r oaedv spxxirv cioxpvnvaignk saopknvaigs il u`nvd`r ir |`dack` crnsd`s' Vd` xraonrq fasvagcvaig uavdag cioxpv` ckpsv`rs as diu vaedvkq/cipxk`f vd` agfa|afpnk gif`s nr`' Lir agsvngc`+ n sagek` cioxpv` jib onq r`~par` r`~par` lr`~p`gv cioopgacnvaig noige gif`s / vdas aoxka`s vdnv vd` ckpsv`r sdnr`s n f`facnv`f g`vuirm+ as f`gs`kq kicnv`f+ ngf xribnbkq dns dioie`gips gif`s' Vdas ckpsv`r f`saeg as pspnkkq r`l`rr`f vi ns B`iupkl Ckpsv`r' Vd` ivd`r `tvr`o` as ud`r` n cioxpv` jib ps`s ig` ir l`u gif`s+ ngf g``fs kavvk` ir gi agv`r/gif` cioopgacnvaig' Vdas knvv`r cnv`eirq as sio`vao`s cnkk`f "Eraf" cioxpvage' Vaedvkq/ cipxk`f cioxpv` ckpsv`rs nr` f`saeg`f lir uirm vdnv oaedv vrnfavaignkkq dn|` b``g cnkk`f "spx`rcioxpva "spx`rcioxpvage"' ge"' Oaffk`unr Oaffk`unr`` spcd ns OXA $O`ssne` $O`ssne` Xnssage Xnssage Agv`rlnc`! Agv`rlnc`! ir X\O $Xnrnkk`k \arvpnk Oncdag`! x`roavs cioxpv` ckpsv`rage xriernos vi b` xirvnbk` vi n uaf` |nra`vq il ckpsv`rs' @tv`gvs I|`r|a`u Ng `tv`gv as n kieacnk pgav il fnvnbns` svirne` sxnc` nkkicnvaig onf` px il n gpob`r il cigvaepips fnvn bkicms' Ig` ir oir` `tv`gvs ag vprg onm` px n s`eo`gv' Ud`g vd` `tasvage sxnc` ag n s`eo`gv as cioxk`v`kq ps`f+ Irnck` nkkicnv`s n g`u `tv`gv lir vd` s`eo`gv'
@tv`gvs Nkkicnvaig Ud`g qip cr`nv` n vnbk`+ Irnck` nkkicnv`s vi vd` vnbk`s fnvn s`eo`gv ng agavank `tv`gv il n sx`cala`f gpob`r il fnvn bkicms' Nkvdiped gi rius dn|` b``g ags`rv`f q`v+ vd` vd` Irnck` fnvn bkicms vdnv cirr`sxigf vi vd` agavank `tv`gv nr` r`s`r|`f lir vdnv vnbk`s rius' Al vd` fnvn bkicms il n s`eo`gvs agavank `tv`gv b`cio` lpkk ngf oir` sxnc` as r`~par`f vi dikf g`u fnvn+ Irnck` npvionvacnkkq nkkicnv`s ng agcr`o`gvnk agcr`o`gvnk `tv`gv lir vdnv s`eo`gv' Ng agcr`o`gvnk `tv`gv as n spbs`~p`gv `tv`gv il vd` sno` ir er`nv`r saz` vdng vd` xr`|aipskq nkkicnv`f `tv`gv ag vdnv s`eo`gv' Lir onagv`gngc` xprxis`s+ vd` d`nf`r bkicm il `ncd s`eo`gv cigvnags n far`cvirq il vd` `tv`gvs ag vdnv s`eo`gv' @tv`gvs F`/nkkicnvaig Ag e`g`rnk+ vd` `tv`gvs il n s`eo`gv fi giv r`vprg vi vd` vnbk` sxnc` pgvak qip frix vd` scd`on ibj`cv udis` udis` fnvn fnvn as svir`f svir`f ag vd` s`eo`gv s`eo`gv $psage $psage n FRIX VNBK@ ir FRIX FRIX CKPSV@R svnv`o`gv!' @tc`xvaigs vi vdas agckpf` vd` likkiuage: likkiuage: Vd` iug`r il il n vnbk` ir ckpsv`r+ ckpsv`r+ ir n ps`r ps`r uavd vd` F@K@V@ F@K@V@ NGQ xra|ak`e`+ xra|ak`e`+ cng vrpgcnv` vrpgcnv` vd` vnbk` ir ckpsv`r ckpsv`r uavd uavd n VRPGCNV@'''F VRPGCNV@'''FRIX RIX SVIRNE@ SVIRNE@ svnv`o`gv' svnv`o`gv' N fnvnbns` nfoagasvrnvir $FBN! cng f`nkkicnv` pgps`f `tv`gvs psage vd` likkiuage S^K sqgvnt: NKV@R VNBK@ vnbk`Ygno` F@NKKICNV@ PGPS@F= X`raifacnkkq+ Irnck` f`nkkicnv`s ig` ir oir` `tv`gvs il n rikkbncm s`eo`gv al av dns vd` IXVAONK IXVAONK saz` sx`cala`f' sx`cala`f' Ud`g `tv`gvs nr` nr` lr``f+ Irnck` Irnck` oifala`s oifala`s vd` bavonx ag vd` fnvnlak` $lir kicnkkq ongne`f vnbk`sxnc`s! ir pxfnv`s vd` fnvn facvaignrq $lir facvaignrq ongne`f vnbk`sxnc`s! vi r`lk`cv vd` r`enag`f `tv`gvs ns n|naknbk` sxnc`' Ngq fnvn ag vd` bkicms il lr``f `tv`gvs b`cio`s agncc`ssabk`' @tv`gvs ag Gigckpsv`r`f Vnbk`s Ns kige ns n gigckpsv`r`f vnbk` `tasvs ir pgvak qip vrpgcnv` vd` vnbk`+ ngq fnvn bkicm nkkicnv`f vi avs fnvn s`eo`gv r`onags nkkicnv`f lir vd` vnbk`' Irnck` ags`rvs g`u rius agvi n bkicm al vd`r` as `giped riio' @|`g al qip f`k`v` nkk rius il n vnbk`+ Irnck` fi`s giv r`cknao vd` fnvn bkicms lir ps` bq ivd`r ibj`cvs ag vd` vd` vnbk` sxnc`' Nlv`r qip frix n gigckpsv`r`f vnbk`+ vdas sxnc` cng b` r`cknao`f ud`g ivd`r `tv`gvs r`~par` lr`` sxnc`' Irnck` r`cknaos nkk vd` `tv`gvs il vd` vnbk`s fnvn ngf agf`t s`eo`gvs
lir vd` vnbk` sxnc`s vdnv vd`q u`r` ag ngf onm`s vd` `tv`gvs n|naknbk` lir lir ivd`r scd`on ibj`cvs ibj`cvs ag vd` sno` sno` vnbk` sxnc`' Ag facvaignrq ongne`f ongne`f vnbk`s xnc`s+ ud`g n s`eo`gv r`~par`s ng `tv`gv knre`r vdng vd` n|naknbk` `tv`gvs+ Irnck` af`gvala`s ngf ciobag`s cigvaepips r`cknao`f `tv`gvs vi liro n knre`r ig`' ig`' Vdas as cnkk`f cink`scage cink`scage `tv`gvs' `tv`gvs' Cink`scage Cink`scage `tv`gvs as giv g`c`ssnrq g`c`ssnrq ag kicnkkq ongne`f vnbk`sxnc`s+ b`cnps` nkk cigvaepips lr`` sxnc` as n|naknbk` lir nkkicnvaig vi n g`u `tv`gv r`enrfk`ss il ud`vd`r av uns r`cknao`f lrio ig` ir oir` `tv`gvs' `t v`gvs' @tv`gvs ag Ckpsv`r`f Vnbk`s Ckpsv`r`f vnbk`s svir` aglironvaig ag vd` fnvn s`eo`gv cr`nv`f lir vd` ckpsv`r' Vd`r`lir`+ al qip frix ig` vnbk` ag n ckpsv`r+ vd` fnvn s`eo`gv r`onags lir vd` ivd`r vnbk`s ag vd` ckpsv`r+ ngf gi `tv`gvs nr` f`nkkicnv`f' Qip cng nksi vrpgcnv` ckpsv`rs $`tc`xv lir dnsd ckpsv`rs! vi lr`` `tv`gvs' @tv`gvs ag Onv`rankaz`f \a`us ngf Vd`ar Kies Irnck` f`nkkicnv`s vd` `tv`gvs il onv`rankaz`f |a`us ngf onv`rankaz`f |a`u kies ag vd` sno` ongg`r ns lir vnbk`s ngf ckpsv`rs' @tv`gvs ag Agf`t`s Nkk `tv`gvs nkkicnv`f vi ng agf`t s`eo`gv r`onag nkkicnv`f ns kige ns vd` agf`t `tasvs' Ud`g qip frix vd` agf`t ir nssicanv`f vnbk` ir ckpsv`r+ Irnck` r`cknaos vd` `tv`gvs lir ivd`r ps`s ps`s uavdag uavdag vd` vnbk` sxnc`' @tv`gvs ag V`oxirnrq S`eo`gvs Ud`g Irnck` cioxk`v`s vd` `t`cpvaig il n svnv`o`gv r`~parage n v`oxirnrq s`eo`gv+ Irnck` npvionvacnkkq frixs vd` v`oxirnrq s`eo`gv ngf r`vprgs vd` `tv`gvs nkkicnv`f lir vdnv s`eo`gv vi vi vd` nssicanv`f vnbk` sxnc`' N sagek` sirv nkkicnv`s avs iug v`oxirnrq s`eo`gv ag vd` v`oxirnrq v`oxirnrq vnbk` sxnc` il vd` ps`r asspage asspage vd` svnv`o`gv ngf vd`g r`vprgs vd` `tv`gvs `tv`gvs vi vd` vd` vnbk` sxnc`' Opkvaxk` sirvs+ diu`|`r+ cng ps` sirv s`eo`gvs ag n v`oxirnrq vnbk` sxnc` f`saegnv`f `tckpsa|`kq lir sirvs' Vd`s` sirv s`eo`gvs nr` nkkicnv`f igkq igc` lir vd` agsvngc`+ agsvngc`+ ngf vd`q nr` giv r`vprg`f nlv`r vd` sirv+ bpv bp v r`onag n|naknbk` lir ivd`r opkvaxk` sirvs' N v`oxirnrq s`eo`gv ag n v`oxirnrq vnbk` cigvnags fnvn lir opkvaxk` svnv`o`gvs il n sagek` vrngsncvaig ir s`ssaig' Irnck` frixs vd` v`oxirnrq s`eo`gv nv vd` `gf il vd`
vrngsncvaig ir s`ssaig+ r`vprgage vd` `tv`gvs nkkicnv`f lir vdnv s`eo`gv vi vd` nssicanv`f vnbk` sxnc`' @tv`gvs ag Rikkbncm S`eo`gvs Irnck` x`raifacnkkq cd`cms vd` rikkbncm s`eo`gvs il vd` fnvnbns` vi s`` al vd`q dn|` eriug knre`r vdng vd`ar ixvaonk saz`' Al n rikkbncm s`eo`gv as knre`r vdng as ixvaonk $vdnv as+ av dns vii ongq `tv`gvs!+ vd`g Irnck` npvionvacnkkq f`nkkicnv`s ig` ir oir` `tv`gvs lrio vd` rikkbncm s`eo`gv' 4'>'6 Lrneo`gvnvaig
Ag cioxpv`r svirne`+ lrneo`gvnvaig as n xd`gio`gig ag udacd svirne` sxnc` as ps`f ag`llaca`gvkq+ r`fpcage svirne` cnxncavq ngf ag oisv cns`s x`rlirongc`' Vd` v`ro as nksi ps`f vi f`giv` vd` unsv`f sxnc` avs`kl' Vd`r` nr` vdr`` fall`r`gv bpv r`knv`f liros il lrneo`gvnvaig:
Agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig'
@tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig'
Fnvn lrneo`gvnvaig'
\nraips svirne` nkkicnvaig scd`o`s `tdabav ig` ir oir` il vd`s` u`nmg`ss`s' Lrneo`gvnvaig cng b` ncc`xv`f ag r`vprg lir agcr`ns` ag sx``f ir saoxkacavq' $>!
Agv`rgnk Lrneo`gvnvaig
Agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig iccprs ud`g svirne` as nkkicnv`f uavdipv `|`r agv`gfage vi ps` av' Vdas sxnc` as unsv`f' Udak` vdas s``os liikasd+ av as ilv`g ncc`xv`f ag r`vprg lir agcr`ns`f `llaca`gcq ir saoxkacavq' Vd` v`ro "agv`rgnk" r`l`rs vi vd` lncv vdnv vd` pgpsnbk` svirne` as agsaf` vd` nkkicnv`f r`eaig bpv as giv b`age ps`f' Lir `tnoxk`+ ag ongq lak` sqsv`os+ `ncd lak` nkunqs svnrvs nv vd` b`eaggage il n ckpsv`r+ b`cnps` vdas saoxkala`s irengaznvaig ngf onm`s av `nsa`r vi eriu lak`s' Ngq sxnc` k`lv i|`r b`vu``g vd` knsv bqv` il vd` lak` ngf vd` larsv bqv` il vd` g`tv ckpsv`r as n liro il agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig cnkk`f lak` skncm ir skncm sxnc`' Saoaknrkq+ n xrierno udacd nkkicnv`s n sagek` bqv` il fnvn as ilv`g nkkicnv`f ongq nffavaignk bqv`s lir o`vnfnvn ngf nkaego`gv' Vdas `tvrn sxnc` as nksi agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig'
Ngivd`r Ngivd`r ciooig `tnoxk`: `tnoxk`: @gekasd @gekasd v`tv as ilv`g ilv`g svir`f uavd uavd ig` cdnrncv`r cdnrncv`r ag `ncd 4/bav 4/bav bqv` `|`g vdiped vdiped ag svngfnrf svngfnrf NSCAA NSCAA `gcifage `gcifage vd` oisv saegal saegalacngv acngv bav bav il `ncd bqv` as nkunqs z`ri' Vd` pgps`f bavs nr` n liro il agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig' Saoaknr xribk`os uavd k`n|age r`s`r|`f r`siprc`s pgps`f nxx`nr ag ongq ivd`r nr`ns' Lir `tnoxk`+ AX nffr`ss`s cng igkq b` r`s`r|`f ag bkicms il c`rvnag c`rvnag saz`s+ r`spkvage ag ongq AXs vdnv nr` r`s`r|`f bpv giv ncva|`kq ps`f' Vdas as cigvrabpvage vi vd` AX|6 nffr`ss sdirvne`' Pgkam` ivd`r vqx`s il lrneo`gvnvaig+ agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig as fallacpkv vi r`cknao= pspnkkq vd` b`sv unq vi r`oi|` av as uavd n f`saeg cdnge`' Lir `tnoxk`+ ag fqgnoac o`oirq nkkicnvaig+ o`oirq xiiks frnsvacnkkq cpv agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig bq sxr`nfage vd` sxnc` i|`rd`nf i|`r n knre`r gpob`r il ibj`cvs' $2!@tv`rgnk Lrneo`gvnvaig @tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig as vd` xd`gio`gig ag udacd lr`` svirne` b`cio`s fa|af`f agvi ongq sonkk xa`c`s i|`r vao`' Av as n u`nmg`ss il c`rvnag svirne` nkkicnvaig nkeiravdos+ iccprrage ud`g ng nxxkacnvaig nkkicnv`s ngf f`nkkicnv`s $"lr``s"! r`eaigs il svirne` il |nrqage saz`s+ ngf vd` nkkicnvaig nkeiravdo r`sxigfs bq k`n|age vd` nkkicnv`f ngf f`nkkicnv`f r`eaigs agv`rsx`rs`f' Vd` r`spkv as vdnv nkvdiped lr`` svirne` as n|naknbk`+ av as `ll`cva|`kq pgpsnbk` b`cnps` av as fa|af`f agvi xa`c`s vdnv nr` vii sonkk vi snvaslq vd` f`ongfs il vd` nxxkacnvaig' Vd` v`ro "`tv`rgnk" r`l`rs vi vd` lncv vdnv vd` pgpsnbk` svirne` as ipvsaf` vd` nkkicnv`f r`eaigs' Lir `tnoxk`+ `tnoxk`+ ag fqgnoac fqgnoac o`oirq nkkicnvaig+ nkkicnvaig+ n bkicm il >888 >888 bqv`s oaedv oaedv b` r`~p`sv`f+ r`~p`sv`f+ bpv vd` knre`sv cigvaepips bkicm il lr`` sxnc` dns igkq 388 bqv`s' @|`g al vd`r` nr` v`g bkicms il 388 bqv`s il lr`` sxnc`+ s`xnrnv`f bq nkkicnv`f r`eaigs+ ig` svakk cnggiv nkkicnv` vd` r`~p`sv`f bkicm il >888 bqv`s+ ngf vd` nkkicnvaig r`~p`sv uakk lnak' @tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig nksi iccprs ag lak` sqsv`os ns ongq lak`s il fall`r`gv saz`s nr` cr`nv`f+ cdnge` saz`+ ngf nr` f`k`v`f' Vd` `ll`cv as `|`g uirs` al n lak` udacd as fa|af`f agvi ongq sonkk xa`c`s as f`k`v`f+ b`cnps` vdas k`n|`s saoaknrkq sonkk r`eaigs il lr`` sxnc`s' $3! Fnvn Lrneo`gvnvaig
Fnvn lrneo`gvnvaig iccprs ud`g n xa`c` il fnvn ag o`oirq as brim`g px agvi ongq xa`c`s vdnv nr` giv ckis` vie`vd`r' Av as vqxacnkkq vd` r`spkv il nvv`oxvage vi ags`rv n knre` ibj`cv agvi svirne` vdnv dns nkr`nfq spll`r`f `tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig' Lir `tnoxk`+ `tnoxk`+ lak`s ag ag n lak` sqsv`o nr` pspnkkq pspnkkq ongne`f ag pgavs pgavs cnkk`f bkicms bkicms ir ckpsv`rs' ckpsv`rs' Ud`g n lak` sqsv`o as cr`nv`f+ vd`r` as lr`` sxnc` vi svir` lak` bkicms vie`vd`r cigvaepipskq' Vdas nkkius lir rnxaf s`~p`gvank lak` r`nfs ngf urav`s' Diu`|`r+ ns lak`s nr` nff`f+ r`oi|`f+ ngf cdnge`f ag saz`+ vd` lr`` sxnc` b`cio`s `tv`rgnkkq lrneo`gv`f+ k`n|age igkq sonkk dik`s ag udacd vi xknc` g`u fnvn' Ud`g n g`u lak` as uravv`g+ ir ud`g ng `tasvage lak` as `tv`gf`f+ vd` g`u fnvn bkicms nr` g`c`ssnrakq scnvv`r`f+ skiuage ncc`ss fp` vi s``m s``m vao` ngf rivnvaignk rivnvaignk f`knq f`knq il vd` r`nf)ur r`nf)urav` av` d`nf+ ngf ngf agcprrage agcprrage nffavaignk nffavaignk i|`rd`nf vi ongne` nffavaignk kicnvaigs' Vdas as cnkk`f lak` sqsv`o lrneo`gvnvaig' Ns ngivd`r `tnoxk`+ al vd` gif`s il n kagm`f kagm`f kasv nr` nkkicnv`f cigs`cpva|`kq ag o`oirq+ vdas aoxri|`s aoxri|`s kicnkavq kicnkavq il r`l`r`gc` r`l`r`gc` ngf `gdngc`s fnvn fnvn cncd` x`rlirongc` x`rlirongc` fprage fprage vrn|`rsnk vrn|`rsnk il vd` kasv' Al vd` o`oirq xiiks lr`` sxnc` as lrneo`gv`f+ g`u gif`s uakk b` sxr`nf vdripedipv o`oirq+ agcr`nsage vd` gpob`r il cncd` oass`s' Jpsv ns cioxncvaig cng `kaoagnv` `tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig+ fnvn lrneo`gvnvaig cng b` `kaoagnv`f bq r`nrrngeage fnvn svirne` si vdnv r`knv`f xa`c`s nr` ckis` vie`vd`r' Lir `tnoxk`+ vd` xraonrq jib il n f`lrneo`gvnvaig f`lrneo`gvnvaig viik as vi r`nrrnge` bkicms ig fasm si vdnv vd` bkicms il `ncd lak` nr` cigvaepips' Oisv f`lrneo`gvage pvakava`s nksi nvv`oxv vi r`fpc` ir `kaoagnv` lr`` sxnc` lrneo`gvnvaig' Sio` oi|age enrbne` cikk`cvirs uakk nksi oi|` r`knv`f ibj`cvs ckis` vie`vd`r $vdas as cnkk`f cioxncvage! vi aoxri|` cncd` x`rlirongc`' 4'>'0 Irengaso vrncms bq bkicm Ag cioxpvage $sx`calacnkkq fnvn vrngsoassaig vrngsoassaig ngf fnvn svirne`!+ n bkicm as n s`~p`gc` il bqv`s ir bavs+ dn|age n gioagnk k`gevd $n bkicm bkicm saz`!' Fnvn vdps svrpcvpr`f nr` snaf vi b` bkicm`f' Vd` xric`ss il xpvvage fnvn agvi bkicms as cnkk`f bkicmage' Bkicmage as ps`f vi lncakavnv` vd` dngfkage il vd` fnvn/svr`no bq vd` cioxpv`r xrierno r`c`a|age vd` fnvn' Bkicm`f fnvn nr` gironkkq r`nf n udik` bkicm nv n vao`' Bkicmage as nkoisv pga|`rsnkkq `oxkiq`f ud`g svirage fnvn vi 1/vrncm oneg`vac vnx`+ vi rivnvage o`fan spcd ns lkixxq fasms+ dnrf fasms+ fasms+ ixvacnk fascs ngf vi GNGF lknsd o`oirq' Oisv lak` lak` sqsv`os sqsv`os nr` bns`f ig ig n bkicm f`|ac`+ f`|ac`+ udacd udacd as n k`|`k k`|`k il nbsvrncv nbsvrncvaig aig lir vd` dnrfunr` r`sxigsabk` lir svirage svirage ngf r`vra`|age sx`cala`f bkicms il fnvn+ vdiped vd` bkicm
saz` ag lak` sqsv`os onq b` n opkvaxk` il vd` xdqsacnk bkicm saz`' Ag cknssacnk lak` sqsv`os+ n sagek` bkicm onq igkq cigvnag n xnrv il n sagek` lak`' Vdas k`nfs vi sxnc` ag`llaca`gcq fp` vi agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig+ sagc` lak` k`gevds nr` ilv`g giv opkvaxk`s il bkicm saz`+ ngf vdps vd` knsv bkicm il lak`s uakk r`onag xnrvankkq `oxvq' Vdas uakk cr`nv` skncm sxnc`+ udacd n|`rne`s dnkl n bkicm x`r lak`' Sio` g`u`r lak` sqsv`os nvv`oxv vi sik|` vdas vdriped v`cdga~p`s cnkk`f bkicm spb/nkkicnvaig ngf vnak o`reage' Bkicm svirne` as gironkkq nbsvrncv`f bq n lak` sqsv`o ir fnvnbns` ongne`o`gv sqsv`o lir ps` bq nxxkacnvaigs ngf `gf ps`rs' Vd` xdqsacnk ir kieacnk |ikpo`s ncc`ss`f |an bkicm A)I onq b` f`|ac`s agv`rgnk vi n s`r|`r+ far`cv nvvncd`f |an SCSA ir Labr` Cdngg`k+ ir fasvngv f`|ac`s ncc`ss`f |an n svirne` nr`n g`vuirm $SNG! psage n xrivicik spcd ns aSCSA+ ir Ni@' Fnvnbns` ongne`o`gv sqsv`os ilv`g ps` vd`ar iug bkicm A)I lir aoxri|`f x`rlirongc` ngf r`ci|`rnbakavq ns cioxnr`f vi knq`rage vd` FBOS ig vix il n lak` sqsv`o'
4'2 Fasm Ongne`o`gv 4'2'> Oneg`vac vnx` Oneg`vac vnx` as n o`fapo lir oneg`vac r`cirfage+ onf` il n vdag oneg`vaznbk` cinvage ig n kige+ gnrriu gnrriu svrax svrax il xknsva xknsvac' c' Oisv npfai+ npfai+ |af`i |af`i ngf cioxpv`r cioxpv`r fnvn svirne` svirne` as vdas vdas vqx`' Av uns f`|`kix`f ag E`rongq+ bns`f ig oneg`vac uar` r`cirfage' F`|ac`s vdnv r`cirf r`cirf ngf xknq bncm npfai ngf |af`i psage psage oneg`vac vnx` nr` nr` vnx` r`cirf`rs r`cirf`rs ngf |af`i vnx` r`cirf`rs' N f`|ac` vdnv svir`s svir`s cioxpv`r fnvn ig oneg`vac vnx` as n vnx` fra|` $vnx` pgav+ svr`no`r!' Oneg`vac Oneg`vac vnx` r`|ikpvai r`|ikpvaigaz`f gaz`f brinfcnsv brinfcnsv ngf r`cirfage r`cirfage'' Ud`g nkk rnfai rnfai uns ka|`+ ka|`+ av nkkiu`f nkkiu`f xriernooage xriernooage vi b` xr`r`cirf`f' xr`r`cirf`f' Nv n vao` ud`g ernoixdig` ernoixdig` r`cirfs u`r` r`cirf`f ag ig` vnm`+ av nkkiu`f r`cirfages ag opkvaxk` xnrvs+ udacd oat`f ngf `fav`f uavd vik`rnbk` kiss ag ~pnkavq' Av as n m`q v`cdgikieq ag `nrkq cioxpv`r f`|`kixo`gv+ nkkiuage pgxnrnkk`k`f noipgvs il fnvn vi b` o`cdngacnkkq cr`nv`f+ svir`f lir kige x`raifs+ ngf vi b` rnxafkq ncc`ss`f'
Vifnq+ ivd`r v`cdgikiea`s cng x`rliro vd` lpgcvaigs il oneg`vac vnx`' Ag ongq cns`s vd`s` v`cdgikie v`cdgikiea`s a`s nr` r`xkncage r`xkncage vnx`' F`sxav` F`sxav` vdas+ vdas+ aggi|nvaig aggi|nvaig ag vd` v`cdgikieq v`cdgikieq cigvagp`s ngf vnx` as svakk uaf`kq ps`f' Npfai r`cirfage Oneg`vac vnx` uns ag|`gv`f ag|`gv`f lir r`cirfage sipgf bq Lravz Lravz Xlk`po`r ag >124 ag E`rongq+ bns`f ig ig vd` ag|`gvaig ag|`gvaig il oneg`vac oneg`vac uar` r`cirfag r`cirfage e bq \nkf`onr \nkf`onr Xipks`g Xipks`g ag >414' Xlk`po`rs Xlk`po`rs ag|`gvai ag|`gvaig g ps`f ng arig itaf` $L`2I3! xiuf`r cinvage ig n kige svrax il xnx`r' Vdas ag|`gvaig uns lprvd`r f`|`kix`f bq vd` E`rong `k`cvrigacs cioxngq N@E+ udacd ongplncvpr`f vd` r`cirfage oncdag`s ngf BNSL+ udacd ongplncvpr`f vd` vnx`' Ag >133+ uirmage lir N@E+ @fpnrf Scdpkk`r f`|`kix`f vd` rage sdnx`f vnx` d`nf' Xr`|aips d`nf f`saegs u`r` g``fk` sdnx`f ngf v`gf`f vi sdr`f vd` vnx`' Ng aoxirvngv fasci|`rq onf` ag vdas x`raif uns vd` v`cdga~p` v`cdga~p` il NC bansage udacd aoxri|`f vd` laf`kavq il vd` r`cirf`f npfai saegnk bq agcr`nsage vd` `ll`cva|` kag`nravq il vd` r`cirfage o`fapo' Fp` vi vd` `scnknvage xikavacnk v`gsaigs+ ngf vd` ipvbr`nm il Uirkf Unr AA+ vd`s` f`|`kixo`gvs u`r` knre`kq m`xv s`cr`v' Nkvdiped vd` Nkka`s mg`u lrio vd`ar oigavirage il Gnza rnfai brinfcnsvs vdnv vd` E`rongs dnf sio` g`u liro il r`cirfage v`cdgikieq+ vd` gnvpr` uns giv fasci|`r`f pgvak vd` Nkka`s nc~par`f cnxvpr`f E`rong r`cirfage `~paxo`gv ns vd`q ag|nf`f @prix` ag vd` ckisage il vd` unr' N uaf` |nra`vq il r`cirf`rs ngf lironvs dn|` f`|`kix`f sagc`+ oisv saegalacngvkq r``k/vi/r``k r``k/vi/r``k ngf Cioxncv Cnss`vv`' \af`i r`cirfage Vd` xrncvac` il r`cirfage ngf `favage npfai psage oneg`vac vnx` rnxafkq `svnbkasd`f avs`kl ns ng ib|aips aoxri|`o`gv i|`r xr`|aips o`vdifs' Ongq snu vd` xiv`gvank il onmage vd` sno` aoxri|`o`gvs ag r`cirfage v`k`|asaig' V`k`|asaig $"|af`i"! saegnks nr` saoaknr vi npfai saegnks' N onjir fall`r`gc` fall`r`gc` as vdnv |af`i saegnks saegnks ps` oir` bngfuafvd vdng npfai saegnks' @tasvage npfai vnx` r`cirf`rs cipkf giv xrncvacnkkq cnxvpr` n |af`i saegnk' Ongq s`v vi uirm ig r`sik|age vdas xribk`o' Jncm Opkkag $uirmage lir Bage Crisbq! ngf vd` BBC bivd cr`nv`f crpf` uirmage sqsv`os vdnv ag|ik|`f oi|age vd` vnx` ncriss n lat`f vnx` d`nf nv |`rq lnsv sx``fs' G`avd`r sqsv`o snu opcd ps`' Av uns vd` v`no nv Nox`t+
k`nf bq Cdnrk`s Eagsbpre+ vdnv onf` vd` br`nmvdriped il psage n sxaggage r`cifage d`nf ngf gironk vnx` sx``fs vi ncda`|` n |`rq daed d`nf/vi/vnx` sx``f vdnv cipkf r`cirf ngf r`xrifpc` vd` daed bngfuafvd saegnks il |af`i' Vd` Nox`t sqsv`o uns cnkk`f ^pnfrpxk`t ^pnfrpxk`t ngf ps`f 2 agcd uaf` uaf` vnx`+ oipgv`f ig r``ks r``ks kam` npfai vnx`+ vnx`+ udacd uriv` uriv` vd` saegnk ag udnv as giu cnkk`f vrngs|`rs` scng' Knv`r aoxri|`o`gvs bq ivd`r cioxnga`s+ xnrvacpknrkq Sigq+ k`nf vi vd` f`|`kixo`gv il d`kacnk scng ngf vd` `gckispr` il vd` vnx` r``ks ag ng `nsq/vi/dngfk` cnrvrafe`' cnrvrafe`' G`nrkq nkk oif`rg |af`ivnx` sqsv`os ps` d`kacnk scng ngf cnrvrafe`s' \af`icnss`vv` r`cirf`rs nr` |`rq ciooig ag dio`s ngf v`k`|asaig xrifpcvaig lncakava`s vdiped ongq lpgcvaigs il vd` \CR nr` b`age r`xknc`f' Sagc` vd` nf|`gv il faeavnk |af`i ngf cioxpv`raz`f |af`i xric`ssage xric`ssage++ ixvacnk fasc o`fan ngf faeavnk faeavnk |af`i r`cirf`rs r`cirf`rs cng giu x`rliro vd` sno` rik` rik` ns |af`ivnx`' Vd`s` f`|ac`s nksi ill`r aoxri|`o`gvs kam` rngfio ncc`ss vi ngq sc`g` ag vd` r`cirfage r`cirfage ngf "ka|`" "ka|`" vao` sdalvage sdalvage ngf nr` kam`kq vi vi r`xknc` |af`ivnx` |af`ivnx` ag ongq savpnvaigs' Fnvn svirne` Ag nkk vnx` lironvs+ lironvs+ n vnx` fra|` ps`s oivirs vi uagf vd` vd` vnx` lrio ig` r``k vi ngivd`r+ xnssage vnx` d`nfs vi r`nf+ urav` ir `rns` ns av oi|`s' Oneg`vac vnx` uns larsv ps`f vi r`cirf cioxpv`r fnvn ag >10> ig vd` @cm`rv/Onpcdkq PGA\NC A' Vd` r`cirfage o`fapo uns n vdag vdag svrax il ig` dnkl agcd $>2'<0 oo! uaf` o`vnk+ cigsasvage il gacm`k/xknv`f brigz` $cnkk`f \acnkkiq!' R`cirfage f`gsavq uns >24 cdnrncv`rs x`r agcd $>14 oacrio`vr`)cdnrncv`r! ig `aedv vrncms' @nrkq ABO vnx` fra|`s u`r` lkiir/svngfage fra|`s vdnv ps`f |ncppo cikpogs vi xdqsacnkkq bpll`r kige P/sdnx`f kiixs il vnx`' Vd` vui vnx` r``ks |asabkq l`f vnx` vdriped vd` cikpogs+ agv`roavv`gvkq sxaggage vd` r``ks ag rnxaf+ pgsqgcdrigaz`f bprsvs+ r`spkvage ag |aspnkkq/svramage ncvaig' Svicm sdivs il spcd |ncppo/cikpog vnx` fra|`s ag oivaig u`r` uaf`kq ps`f vi r`xr`s`gv "vd` cioxpv`r" ag oi|a`s ngf v`k`|asaig'
Oisv oif`rg oneg`vac vnx` sqsv`os ps` r``ks vdnv nr` opcd sonkk`r vdng vd` >8'0 agcd ix`g r``ks ngf nr` lat`f agsaf` n cnrvrafe` vi xriv`cv vd` vnx` ngf lncakavnv` dngfkage' Ongq knv` >158s ngf `nrkq `nrkq >148s dio` cioxpv`rs ps`f ps`f Cioxncv Cnss`vv`s `gcif`f uavd vd` Mngsns Cavq svngfnrf' Oif`rg cnrvrafe` lironvs agckpf` KVI+ FKV+ ngf FNV)FFC' Vnx` r`onags n |anbk` nkv`rgnva|` vi fasm ag sio` savpnvaigs fp` vi avs kiu`r cisv x`r bav' Vdiped vd` nr`nk f`gsavq il vnx` as kiu`r vdng lir fasm fra|`s+ vd` n|naknbk` sprlnc` nr`n ig n vnx` as lnr er`nv`r' Vd` daed`sv cnxncavq vnx` o`fan nr` e`g`rnkkq ig vd` sno` irf`r ns vd` knre`sv n|naknbk` fasm fra|`s $nbipv $nbipv > VB ag 2885!' Vnx` dns dasviracnkkq ill`r`f `giped nf|ngvne` ag cisv i|`r fasm svirne` vi onm` av n |anbk` xrifpcv+ xnrvacpknrkq lir bncmpx+ ud`r` o`fan r`oi|nbakavq as g`c`ssnrq' 4'2'2 Svirne` bq bq Fnvn unr`dipsag unr`dipsage e
Vd` cigc`xv il il fnvn unr`dipsage unr`dipsage dns `|ik|`f `|ik|`f ipv il vd` g``f lir lir `nsq ncc`ss ncc`ss vi n svrpcvpr`f svir` il ~pnkavq fnvn vdnv cng b` ps`f lir f`casaig onmage' Av as ekibnkkq ncc`xv`f vdnv aglironvaig as n |`rq xiu`rlpk nss`v vdnv cng xri|af` saegalacngv b`g`lavs vi ngq irengaznvaig ngf n ciox`vava|` nf|ngvne` ag vd` bpsag`ss uirkf' Irengaznvaigs dn|` |nsv noipgvs il fnvn bpv dn|` lipgf av agcr`nsagekq fallacpkv vi ncc`ss av ngf onm` ps` il av' Vdas as b`cnps` av as ag ongq fall`r`gv lironvs+ `tasvs ig ongq fall`r`gv xknvliros+ ngf r`saf`s ag ongq fall`r`gv lak` ngf fnvnbns` svrpcvpr`s f`|`kix`f bq fall`r`gv |`gfirs' Vdps irengaznvaigs dn|` dnf vi urav` ngf onagvnag x`rdnxs dpgfr`fs il xriernos vdnv nr` ps`f vi `tvrncv+ xr`xnr`+ ngf cigsikafnv` fnvn lir ps` bq ongq fall`r`gv nxxkacnvaigs lir ngnkqsas ngf r`xirvage' Nksi+ f`casaig onm`rs ilv`g ungv vi fae f``x`r agvi vd` fnvn igc` agavank lagfages nr` onf`' Vdas uipkf vqxacnkkq r`~par` oifalacnvaig il vd` `tvrncv xriernos ir f`|`kixo`gv il g`u ig`s' Vdas xric`ss as cisvkq+ ag`llaca`gv+ ngf |`rq vao` cigspoage' Fnvn unr`dipsage ill`rs n b`vv`r nxxrincd' Fnvn unr`dipsage aoxk`o`gvs vd` xric`ss vi ncc`ss d`v`rie`g`ips fnvn siprc`s= ck`ng+ lakv`r+ ngf vrngsliro vd` fnvn= ngf svir` vd` fnvn ag n svrpcvpr` vdnv as `nsq vi ncc`ss+ pgf`rsvngf+ ngf ps`' Vd` fnvn as vd`g ps`f lir ~p`rq+ r`xirvage+ ngf fnvn ngnkqsas' Ns spcd+ vd` ncc`ss+ ps`+ v`cdgikieq+ ngf x`rlirongc` r`~par`o`gvs nr` cioxk`v`kq fall`r`gv lrio vdis` ag n vrngsncvaig/ira`gv`f ix`rnvaignk `g|arigo`gv' Vd` |ikpo` il fnvn ag fnvn unr`dipsage cng b` |`rq daed+
xnrvacpknrkq ud`g cigsaf`rage vd` r`~par`o`gvs lir dasviracnk fnvn ngnkqsas' Fnvn ngnkqsas xriernos nr` ilv`g r`~par`f vi scng |nsv noipgvs il vdnv fnvn+ udacd cipkf r`spkv ag n g`enva|` aoxncv ig ix`rnvaignk nxxkacnvaigs+ udacd nr` oir` x`rlirongc` s`gsava|`' Vd`r`lir`+ vd`r` as n r`~par`o`gv vi s`xnrnv` vd` vui `g|arigo`gvs vi oagaoaz` ciglkacvs ngf f`ernfnvaig il x`rlirongc` x`rlirongc` ag vd` ix`rnvaignk `g|arigo`gv' Vd` likkiuage e`g`rnk svne`s il ps` il vd` fnvn unr`dips` cng b` fasvagepasd`f: Ill kag` Ix`rnvaignk Fnvnbns`
Aglironvaig ag vd` fnvn unr`dips` as pgf`r vd` cigvrik il fnvn unr`dips` ps`rs si vdnv+ `|`g al vd` siprc` sqsv`o fnvn as xpre`f i|`r vao`+ vd` aglironvaig ag vd` unr`dips` cng b` svir`f snl`kq lir `tv`gf`f x`raifs il vao`'
F`x`gfage ig diu opcd vd` ncvpnk `tx`gfavpr`s `tc``f`f vd` bpfe`v+ vd` xrij`cv onq b` cigsaf`r`f n lnakpr`' Vd` cnps` onq dn|` b``g ng i|`rkq ixvaoasvac bpfe`v ir vd` ag`tx`ra`gc` il vdis` cnkcpknvage vd` `svaonv`' Vd` agnf`~pnv` bpfe`v oaedv b` vd` r`spkv il giv ungvage vi v`kk ongne`o`gv vd` bavv`r vrpvd nbipv vd` cisvs il n fnvn unr`dips`' Pgngvacaxnv`f ngf `tx`gsa|` cigspkvage d`kx onq dn|` b``g g``f`f' X`rlirongc` ir cnxncavq xribk`os+ oir` ps`rs+ oir` ~p`ra`s ir oir` cioxk`t ~p`ra`s onq dn|` r`~par`f oir` dnrfunr` ir `tvrn `llirv vi r`sik|` vd` xribk`os' Vd` xrij`cv scix` onq dn|` b``g `tv`gf`f uavdipv n cdnge` ag vd` bpfe`v' @tv`gpnvage carcposvngc`s spcd ns f`knqs cnps`f bq dnrfunr` xribk`os+ silvunr` xribk`os+ ps`r pgn|naknbakavq+ ngf cdnge` ag vd` bpsag`ss ir ivd`r lncvirs onq dn|` r`spkv`f ag n ffavaignk `tx`gs`s' 2' Skaxx`f Scd`fpk`
Oisv il vd` lncvirs kasv`f ag vd` xr`c`fage s`cvaig cipkf nksi dn|` cigvrabpv`f vi vd` scd`fpk` giv b`age o`v+ bpv vd` onjir r`nsig lir n skaxx`f scd`fpk` as vd` ag`tx`ra`gc` ir ixvaoaso il vdis` cr`nvage vd` xrij`cv xkng' Ag ongq cns`s ongne`o`gv ungvage vi ‛xpv n svnm` ag vd` eripgf‟ u`r` vd` ig`s udi s`v vd` scd`fpk` bq cdiisage ng nrbavrnrq fnv` lir f`ka|`rq ag vd` dix` il ea|age xrij`cv ongne`rs sio`vdage vi sdiiv lir' Vd` scd`fpk` b`cio`s n f`nfkag` uavdipv ngq r`nk r`nsig lir n lat`f f`ka|`rq fnv`' Ag vdis` cns`s vd` scd`fpk` as pspnkkq `svnbkasd`f uavdipv agxpv lrio vdis` udi mgiu diu kige av vnm`s vi ncvpnkkq x`rliro vd` fnvn unr`dips` vnsms' Vd` f`nfkag` as pspnkkq s`v uavdipv vd` b`g`lav il n xrij`cv xkng' Uavdipv n xrij`cv xkng vdnv f`vnaks vd` vnsms+ f`x`gf`gca`s ngf r`siprc`s+ av as aoxissabk` vi f`|`kix n r`nkasvac fnv` bq udacd vd` xrij`cv sdipkf b` cioxk`v`f' 3' Lpgcvaigs ngf Cnxnbakava`s Giv Aoxk`o`gv`f
Vd` xrij`cv ner``o`gv sx`cala`f c`rvnag lpgcvaigs ngf cnxnbakava`s' Vd`s` uipkf dn|` agckpf`f udnv fnvn vi f`ka|`r+ vd` ~pnkavq il vd` fnvn+ vd` vrnagage ea|`g vi vd` ps`rs+ vd` gpob`r il ps`rs+ vd` o`vdif il f`ka|`rq `'e' u`b bns`f+ s`r|ac` k`|`k ner``o`gvs $x`rlirongc` ngf n|naknbakavq!+ xr`/f`lag`f ~p`ra`s+ `vc' Al aoxirvngv lpgcvaigs ngf cnxnbakava`s u`r` giv r`nkaz`f ir u`r` xisvxig`f vi spbs`~p`gv aoxk`o`gvnvaig xdns`s+ vd`s` uipkf b` agfacnvaigs il lnakpr` 6' Pgdnxxq Ps`rs
Al vd` ps`rs nr` pgdnxxq+ vd` xrij`cv sdipkf b` cigsaf`r`f n lnakpr`' Pgdnxxag`ss as ilv`g vd` r`spkv il pgr`nkasvac `tx`cvnvaigs' Ps`rs u`r` `tx`cvage lnr oir` vdng vd`q eiv' Vd`q onq dn|` b``g xrioas`f vii opcd ir vd`r` onq dn|` b``g n br`nmfiug ag cioopgacnvaig b`vu``g AV ngf vd` ps`r' AV onq giv dn|` mgiug `giped vi cirr`cv vd` ps`rs‑ lnks` `tx`cvnvaigs+ ir onq dn|` b``g nlrnaf vi v`kk vd`o vd` vrpvd' U` ilv`g ibs`r|` savpnvaigs ud`r` vd` ps`r snqs jpox+ ngf AV as vikf vi snq ‛diu daed9‟ Nksi+ vd` ps`rs onq dn|` b`ka`|`f vd` |`gfirs‑ xrioas`s lir erngf cnxnbakava`s ngf erisskq ixvaoasvac scd`fpk`s' Lprvd`roir`+ ps`rs onq b` pgdnxxq nbipv vd` ck`ngkag`ss il vd`ar fnvn+ r`sxigs` vao`+ n|naknbakavq+ psnbakavq il vd` sqsv`o+ ngvacaxnv`f lpgcvaig ngf cnxnbakavq+ ir vd` ~pnkavq ngf n|naknbakavq il spxxirv ngf vrnagage' 0' Pgncc`xvnbk` X`rlirongc`
Pgncc`xvnbk` Pgncc`xvnbk` x`rlirongc` x`rlirongc` dns ilv`g b``g vd` r`nsig vdnv fnvn unr`dips` unr`dips` xrij`cvs xrij`cvs nr` cngc`kk`f' Fnvn unr`dips` x`rlirongc` sdipkf b` `txkir`f lir bivd vd` ~p`rq r`sxigs` vao` ngf vd` `tvrncv)vrngsliro)kinf vao`' Ngq cdnrncv`raznvaig il eiif ~p`rq r`sxigs` vao` as r`knva|` vi udnv as r`nkasvac ngf ud`vd`r av as ncc`xvnbk` vi vd` ps`r' Al vd` ps`r uns `tx`cvage spb s`cigf r`sxigs` vao` lir ~p`ra`s vdnv jiag vui opkva/oakkaig/riu vnbk`s+ vd` `tx`cvnvaig uipkf cnps` vd` ps`r vi snq vdnv x`rlirongc` uns pgncc`xvnbk`' Ag vdas `tnoxk`+ eiif x`rlirongc` sdipkf dn|` b``g o`nspr`f ag oagpv`s+ giv lrncvaigs il n s`cigf' Vd` ps`r g``fs vi pgf`rsvngf udnv vi `tx`cv' @|`g vdiped vd` fnvn unr`dips` onq r`~par` `t`cpvage oakkaigs il agsvrpcvaigs ngf onq r`~par` ncc`ssage oakkaigs il rius il fnvn+ vd`r` nr` kaoavs vi udnv vd` ps`r sdipkf b` `tx`cv`f vi vik`rnv`' U` dn|` s``g ~p`ra`s ud`r` r`sxigs` vao` as o`nspr`f ag fnqs' @tc`xv lir n l`u `tc`xvaigs+ vdas as ck`nrkq pgncc`xvnbk`' Ns fnvn unr`dips`s e`v knre`r+ vd` `tvrncv)vrngsliro)kinf $@VK! xric`ss uakk vnm` kige`r+ sio`vao`s ns kige ns fnqs' Vdas uakk aoxncv vd` n|naknbakavq il vd` fnvn unr`dips` vi vd` ps`rs' Fnvnbns` f`saeg+ nrcdav`cvpr`+ ngf dnrfunr` ciglaeprnvaig+ fnvnbns` vpgage ngf vd` @VK cif` – ud`vd`r ng @VK xrifpcv xrifpcv ir dngf uravv`g uravv`g cif` cif` – uakk saegal saegalacngvk acngvkq q aoxncv aoxncv @VK x`rlirongc`' Ns vd` @VK xric`ss vao` agcr`ns`s+ nkk il vd` lncvirs dn|` vi b` `|nkpnv`f ngf nfjpsv`f' Ag sio` cns`s vd` s`r|ac` k`|`k ner``o`gv lir n|naknbakavq uakk nksi dn|` vi b` nfjpsv`f' Uavdipv spcd nfjpsvo`gvs+ vd` @VK xric`ss`s onq giv cioxk`v` ig vao`+ ngf vd` xrij`cv uipkf b` cigsaf`r`f n lnakpr`' <' Xiir N|naknbakavq
N|naknbakavq as bivd scd`fpk`f n|naknbakavq $vd` fnqs x`r u``m ngf vd` gpob`r il diprs x`r fnq! ns u`kk ns vd` x`rc`gvne` il vao` vd` sqsv`o as ncc`ssabk` fprage scd`fpk`f diprs' N|naknbakavq lnakpr` as pspnkkq vd` r`spkv il vd` fnvn unr`dips` b`age vr`nv`f ns n s`cigf/cknss sqsv`o' Ix`rnvaignk sqsv`os pspnkkq f`ongf n|naknbakavq s`r|ac` k`|`k ner``o`gvs' ner``o`gvs' Vd` x`rlirongc` x`rlirongc` `|nkpnvaigs `|nkpnvaigs ngf bigps xkngs il vdis` vdis` AV o`ob`rs udi uirm ag ix`rnvaigs ngf ag sqsv`os ilv`g f`x`gfs ig r`ncdage daed n|naknbakavq x`rc`gvne`s' Al vd` sno` svngfnrfs nr` giv nxxka`f vi vd` fnvn unr`dips`+ xribk`os uakk ei pggivac`f ngf r`sxigs` vi xribk`os uakk b` cnspnk+ pgvao`kq ngf ag`ll`cva|`' 5' Agnbakavq vi @txngf
Al n ribpsv nrcdav`cvpr` ngf f`saeg as giv xnrv il vd` fnvn unr`dips` aoxk`o`gvnvaig+ ngq saegalacngv agcr`ns` ag vd` gpob`r il ps`rs ir agcr`ns` ag vd` gpob`r il ~p`ra`s ir cioxk`tavq il ~p`ra`s onq `tc``f vd` cnxnbakava`s il vd` sqsv`o' Al vd` fnvn unr`dips` as spcc`sslpk+ vd`r` uakk nksi b` n f`ongf lir oir` fnvn+ lir oir` f`vnak`f fnvn ngf+ x`rdnxs+ n f`ongf lir oir` dasviracnk fnvn vi x`rliro `tv`gf`f vr`gf ngnkqsas+ `'e' la|` q`nrs il oigvdkq fnvn' 4' Xiir ^pnkavq Fnvn)R`xirvs
Al vd` fnvn as giv ck`ng ngf nccprnv`+ vd` ~p`ra`s ngf r`xirvs uakk b` urige+ Ag udacd cns` ps`rs uakk `avd`r onm` vd` urige f`casaigs ir+ al vd`q r`ciegaz` vdnv vd` fnvn as urige+ uakk oasvrpsv vd` r`xirvs ngf giv ncv ig vd`o' Ps`rs onq sx`gf saegalacngv vao` |nkafnvage vd` r`xirv laepr`s+ udacd ag vprg uakk aoxncv vd`ar xrifpcva|avq' Vdas aoxncv ig xrifpcva|avq xpvs vd` |nkp` il vd` fnvn unr`dips` ag ~p`svaig' 1' Vii Cioxkacnv`f lir Ps`rs
Sio` viiks nr` vii fallacpkv lir vd` vnre`v npfa`gc`' Jpsv b`cnps` AV as ciolirvnbk` uavd n viik ngf avs agv`rlnc`s+ av fi`s giv likkiu vdnv nkk vd` ps`rs uakk b` ns `gvdpsansvac' Al vd` viik as vii cioxkacnv`f+ vd` ps`rs uakk lagf unqs vi n|iaf av+ agckpfage nsmage ivd`r x`ixk` ag vd`ar f`xnrvo`gv ir nsmage AV vi rpg n r`xirv lir vd`o' Vdas gpkkala`s ig` il vd` xraonrq b`g`lavs il n fnvn unr`dips`+ vi `oxiu`r vd` ps`rs vi f`|`kix vd`ar iug ~p`ra`s ngf r`xirvs' >8' Xrij`cv Giv Cisv Jpsvala`f
Ag ongq cns`s+ irengaznvaigs fi giv o`nspr` vd` b`g`lavs il vd` fnvn unr`dips` ir fi giv xrix`rkq r`xirv vdis` b`g`lavs vi ongne`o`gv' Xrij`cv ongne`rs+ ngf AV ns n udik`+ nr` ilv`g sdq ag binsvage nbipv vd`ar nccioxkasdo`gvs' nc cioxkasdo`gvs' Sio`vao`s vd`q onq giv mgiu diu vi r`xirv ig vd`ar xrier`ss ir ig vd` aoxncv vd` fnvn unr`dips` as dn|age ig vd`
irengaznvaig' Vd` xrij`cv ongne`rs onq b`ka`|` vdnv `|`rqig` ag vd` irengaznvaig uakk npvionvacnkkq mgiu diu uigf`rlpkkq AV x`rliro`f+ ngf vdnv `|`rqig` uakk r`ciegaz` vd` fnvn unr`dips` lir vd` spcc`ss vdnv av as' Vd`q nr` urige' Ag oisv cns`s+ al ongne`o`gv as giv xrix`rkq bra`l`f ig vd` fnvn unr`dips`+ vd`q uakk giv r`ciegaz` avs b`g`lavs ngf uakk b` r`kpcvngv vi cigvagp` lpgfage sio`vdage vd`q fi giv nxxr`canv`' Fnvn Unr`dips` Assp`s Vd`r` nr` c`rvnag assp`s sprripgfage fnvn unr`dips`s vdnv cioxnga`s g``f vi b` xr`xnr`f lir' N lnakpr` vi xr`xnr` lir vd`s` assp`s as ig` il vd` m`q r`nsigs udq ongq fnvn unr`dips` xrij`cvs nr` pgspcc`sslpk' Ig` il vd` larsv assp`s cioxnga`s g``f vi ciglrigv as vdnv vd`q nr` eiage vi sx`gf n er`nv f`nk il vao` kinfage ngf ck`ngage fnvn' Sio` `tx`rvs dn|` snaf vdnv vd` vqxacnk fnvn unr`dips` xrij`cv uakk r`~par` cioxnga`s vi sx`gf 48% il vd`ar vao` fiage vdas' Udak` vd` x`rc`gvne` onq ir onq giv b` ns daed ns 48%+ ig` vdage vdnv qip opsv r`nkaz` as oisv |`gfirs uakk pgf`rsvnv` vd` noipgv il vao` qip uakk dn|` vi sx`gf fiage av' Udak` ck`ngage vd` fnvn cng b` cioxkacnv`f+ `tvrncvage av cng b` `|`g oir` cdnkk`geage' Giv onvv`r diu u`kk n cioxngq xr`xnr`s lir vd` xrij`cv ongne`o`gv+ vd`q opsv lnc` vd` lncv vdnv vd` scix` il vd` xrij`cv uakk xribnbkq b` kige`r vd`g vd`q `svaonv`' Udak` oisv xrij`cvs uakk b`eag uavd sx`calac r`~par`o`gvs+ vd`q uakk cigckpf` uavd fnvn' Igc` vd` `gf ps`rs s`` udnv vd`q cng fi uavd vd` fnvn unr`dips` igc` avs cioxk`v`f+ av as |`rq kam`kq vdnv vd`q uakk xknc` daed`r f`ongfs ig av' Udak` vd`r` as givdage urige uavd vdas+ av as b`sv vi lagf ipv udnv vd` ps`rs il vd` fnvn unr`dips` g``f g`tv rnvd`r vdng udnv vd`q ungv raedv giu' Ngivd`r assp` vdnv cioxnga`s uakk dn|` vi lnc` as dn|age xribk`os uavd vd`ar
sqsv`os
xkncage
aglironvaig
ag
vd`
fnvn
unr`dips`'
Ud`g n cioxngq `gv`rs vdas svne` lir vd` larsv vao`+ vd`q uakk lagf vdnv xribk`os vdnv dn|` b``g daff`g lir q`nrs uakk spff`gkq nxx`nr' Igc` vdas dnxx`gs+ vd` bpsag`ss ongne`rs uakk dn|` vi onm` vd` f`casaig f`casaig il ud`vd`r ud`vd`r ir giv vd` xribk`o xribk`o cng b` lat`f |an vd` vrngsncvaig xric`ssage sqsv`o ir n fnvn unr`dips` vdnv as r`nf igkq' Av sdipkf nksi b` giv`f vdnv n cioxngq uakk ilv`g b` r`sxigsabk` lir svirage fnvn vdnv dns giv b` cikk`cv`f bq vd` `tasvage sqsv`os vd`q vd`q dn|`' Vdas cng b` n d`nfncd` lir lir f`|`kix`rs udi rpg agvi vd` xribk`o+ ngf vd` igkq unq vi sik|` av as bq svirage fnvn agvi vd` sqsv`o' Ongq
cioxnga`s uakk nksi lagf vdnv sio` il vd`ar fnvn as giv b`age |nkafnv`f |an d` vrngsncvaig xric`ssage xriernos' Ag n savpnvaig kam` vdas+ vd` fnvn uakk g``f vi b` |nkafnv`f' Ud`g fnvn as xknc`f ag n unr`dips`+ vd`r` uakk b` n gpob`r il agcigsasv`gca`s vdnv uakk iccpr uavdag la`kfs' Ongq il vd`s` la`kfs uakk dn|` aglironvaig vdnv as f`scraxva|`' Ud`g il vd` oisv ciooig assp`s as ud`g cigvriks nr` giv xknc`f pgf`r vd` gno`s il cpsvio`rs' Vdas uakk cnps` d`nfncd`s lir vd` unr`dips` ps`r vdnv uakk ungv vd` fnvn unr`dips` vi cnrrq ipv ng nf dic ~p`rq lir s`k`cvage vd` gno` il n sx`calac cpsvio`r' Vd` f`|`kix`r il vd` fnvn unr`dips` onq lagf vd`os`k|`s dn|age vi nkv`r vd` vrngsncvaig xric`ssage sqsv`os' Ag nffavaig vi vdas+ vd`q onq nksi b` r`~par`f vi xprcdns` c`rvnag liros il v`cdgikieq' Ig` il vd` oisv cravacnk xribk`os n cioxngq onq lnc` as n vrngsncvaig xric`ssage sqsv`o vdnv l``fs agli agvi vd` fnvn unr`dips` uavd kavvk` f`vnak' Vdas onq iccpr lr`~p`gvkq ag n fnvn unr`dips` vdnv as vnakir`f viunrfs xrifpcvs ir cpsvio`rs' Sio` f`|`kix`rs onq r`l`r vi vdas ns b`age n erngpknr assp`' R`enrfk`ss+ av as n xribk`o qip uakk ungv vi n|iaf nv nkk cisvs' Av as aoxirvngv vi onm` spr` vdnv vd` aglironvaig vdnv as xknc`f ag vd` fnvn unr`dips` as racd ag f`vnak' Ongq cioxnga`s nksi onm` vd` oasvnm` il giv bpfe`vage daed `giped lir vd` r`siprc`s vdnv nr` cigg`cv`f vi vd` l``f`r sqsv`o svrpcvpr`' Vi f`nk uavd vdas+ cioxnga`s uakk ungv vi cigsvrpcv n xirvaig il vd` ck`ngage kieac lir vd` l``f`r sqsv`o xknvliro' Vdas as `sx`cankkq aoxirvngv al vd` xknvliro dnxx`gs vi b` n onaglrno`' Fprage vd` ck`ngage xric`ss+ qip uakk b` `tx`cv`f vi fi n er`nv f`nk il sirvage' Vd` eiif g`us nbipv vdas as vdnv vd` onaglrno` pvakava`s nr` ilv`g xrilaca`gv ag vdas nr`n' Sio` ps`rs‑ cdiis` vi cigsvrpcv neer`env`s uavdag vd` onaglrno` sagc` neer`envaig uakk nksi r`~par` n kiv il sirvage' Av sdipkf nksi b` giv`f vdnv ongq `gf ps`r uakk giv ps` vd` vrnagage vdnv vd`q r`c`a|` lir psage vd` fnvn unr`dips`' Diu`|`r+ av as aoxirvngv vdnv vd` b` vnpedv vd` lpgfno`gvnks il psage av+ `sx`cankkq al vd` cioxngq ungvs vd`o vi ps` vd` fnvn unr`dips` lr`~p`gvkq'
Cdnxv`r/\AAA
Fnvn Svirne` @gf Cdnxv`r ~pazz`s: ^>' Udacd il vd` likkiuage as crpcank vao` udak` ncc`ssage fnvn ig vd` fasm9 n' S``m vao` b' Rivnvaignk vao` c' Vrngsoassaig vao` f' Unavage vao` ^2' Udnv as vd` sonkk`sv pgav il Oneg`vac Fasm9 $n! $n! Cqka Cqkagf` gf`r r $b! $b! S`cv S`cvir ir $c! $c! Vrnc Vrncm m $f! $f! xknv xknvv` v`r r
^3' Udacd il vd` likkiuage o`oirq o`oirq nkkicnvaig scd`o` spll`rs lrio @tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig9 n' S`eo`gvnvaig b' Xpr` f`ongf xneage c' Sunxxage f' Xneage ^6' S`k`cv nkk svnv`o`gvs vdnv nr` vrp` $n! @tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig as xissabk` uavd xne`f o`oirq sqsv`os $b! Agv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig as xissabk` uavd xne`f o`oirq sqsv`os $c! @tv`rgnk lrneo`gvnvaig lrneo`gvnvaig as xissabk` uavd n o`oirq ongne`o`gv xikacq vdnv nkkicnv`s |nranbk` saz`f xnrvavaigs il o`oirq ^0' Vd` cikk`cvaig il xric`ss`s ig vd` vd` fasm vdnv as unavage unavage vi b` bripedv agvi o`oirq lir lir `t`cpvaig liros vd` YYYYYYYYYYY n' R`n R`nfq fq ~p`p` ~p`p` b' F`|ac` ~p`p` c' Agxpv ~p`p` f' Xrairavq ~p`p`
