PATHOL TH OLO OGY MCQs 1. An example of a tissue or organ composed of Permanent Parenchymal cells is: a) Liver b) Bone Marrow c) Small Intestinal Mucosa d) Heart e) Renal Tubules 2. The type of necrosis that occurs in Peripancreatic tissue in Acute Pancreatitis is : a) Liquefaction b) Fat c) Coagulation d) ummatous e) Fibrinoid 3. Change of Columnar pithelium of the !ronchi into "ature #$uamous pithelium is called: a) Meta!lasia b) "#s!lasia c) H#!er!lasia d) $eo!lasia e) H#!ertro!%# %. "etastatic Calcification : a) Is due to %#!ercalcemia b) Is due to %#!ocalcemia c) &ccurs in $ecrotic Tissue d) &ccurs at sites of C%ronic Inflammation e) Is due to malignanc# &. 'hich of the follo(ing is a feature of rre*ersible Cell n+ury: a) l#cogen stores are de!leted b) C#to!lasmic sodium increases c) $uclei undergo 'ar#orr%e(is d) Intracellular !H diminis%es e) Blebs form on cell membranes ,. 'hich of the follo(ing processes that occur in the breast allo(s a mother to feed the infant: a) Stromal %#!ertro!%# b) !it%elial d#s!lasia c) Steatoc#te atro!%# d) "uctul e!it%elial meta!lasia e) Lobular %#!er!lasia -. An Amputated lo(er limb from a diabetic patient sho(ing blac discoloration of the sin and soft tissues (ith areas of yello(ish exudates is characteri/ed as: a) $eo!lasia b) angrenous $ecrosis c) Coagulo!at%# d) Hemosiderosis e) as gangrene
0. ocal fat necrosis (ith flecs of chaly tan(hite material seen in the omentum is most often associated (ith the follo(ing:
a) angrenous a!!endicitis b) C%ronic sal!ingitis c) *cute !ancreatitis d) He!atitis e) *cute gastritis 4. n a ,5 year old male 6angrene of toes is most liely associated (ith: a) "iabetes Mellitus b) Heart Failure c) Blunt force trauma d) *I"S e) T#!e III %#!ersensitivit# reaction 15. The presence of Columnar pithelium (ith 6oblet cells in the 7o(er 8esophagus is most consistent (ith: a) "#s!lasia b) H#!er!lasia c) Carcinoma d) Isc%aemia e) Meta!lasia 11. 'hich of the follo(ing processes explain the appearance of Calcium deposition in Tuberculous 7ymph 9odes: a) "#stro!%ic calcification b) *!o!tosis c) H#!ercalcaemia d) Metastatic calcification e) $eo!lastic c%ange 12. 7ipofuscin deposition is most liely to result from: a) $uclear !#'nosis b) M#ocardial fiber %#!ertro!%# c) Coagulative necrosis d) *uto!%agoc#tosis e) *naerobic gl#col#sis 13. 'hich of the follo(ing cellular changes is most liely to present irre*ersible cellular in+ury: a) !it%elial d#s!lasia b) C#to!lasmic fatt# metamor!%osis c) $uclear !#'nosis d) *tro!%# e) *naerobic l#col#sis 1%. 'hich of the follo(ing is an Anti8xidant: a) lutat%ione +ero(idase b) Catalase c) H#drogen !ero(ide d) $*"+H o(idase e) M#elo!ero(idase 1&. 'hich of the follo(ing is the most liely pathologic alteration follo(ing occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery by a sterile thrombus: a) Cerebral softening from liquefactive necrosis b) +ale infarction wit% coagulative necrosis c) +redominantl# t%e loss of glial cells d) Recover# of damaged neurons if t%e vascular su!!l# is re,establis%ed e) -et gangrene wit% secondar# bacterial infection 1,. The action of putrefacti*e bacteria on necrotic tissue results in:
a) Coagulation b) Infarction c) angrene d) mbolism e) Caseation 1-. 'hich of the follo(ing type of necrosis is most commonly associated (ith ischaemic in+ury: a) Coagulation $ecrosis b) Liquefaction $ecrosis c) Caseous $ecrosis d) Fat $ecrosis e) angrenous $ecrosis 10. n/ymes in*ol*ed in the inacti*ation of free radicals include: a) Su!ero(ide dismutase b) .itamin c) Bot% * and B d) $eit%er * nor B e) a,antitr#!sin 14. epatocytes are an example of: a) +ermenant cells b) Stable cells c) Labile cells d) Meta!lasia e) Mesenc%#mal cells 25. Calcium may play a role in cell in+ury by: a) Causing *T+ de!letion de!let ion b) *ctivating !%os!%oli!ases c) Inducing auto!%agoc#tosis d) Regulating !#'nosis e) Reducing intracellular !H 21. A common manifestation of sublethal cell in+ury ;re*ersible in+ury) in organs such as the heart and li*er is: a) l#cogen accumulation b) Fatt# c%ange c) Calcium de!osition d) *!o!tosis e) "e!osition of melanin 22. An area of eratini/ing s$uamous epithelium lining a ma+or bronchus is an example of: a) Heteroto!ia b) Meta!lasia c) "#s!lasia d) *tro!%# e) $eo!lasia 23. The en/ymes responsible for li$uefaction in an abscess are deri*ed mainly from: a) Tissue b) Serum c) L#m!% d) $eutro!%ils e) L#m!%oc#tes L#m!%oc#tes 2%. ach of the follo(ing is an example of hyperplasia except: a) nlargement of one 'idne# after surgical removal of t%e ot%er 'idne#
b) C%anges in t%e t%#roid gland in res!onse to increased demand for t%#roid %ormones c) C%anges in breast tissue during !regnanc# d) nlargement of l#m!% nodes during a viral infection e) nlargement of s'eletal muscles after weig%t training 2&. #elect the (rong statement. Apoptosis: a) &ccurs in singles cells or in small cluster of cells b) Is !rogrammed cell deat% c) Is seen in to(ic or viral %e!atitis d) *!!ears c%ees# in a!!earance e) "oes not elicit an inflammator# reaction 2,. ntracellular system;s) sensiti*e to cell in+ury is
%5. =igestion of tissue (ith soap formation and calcification is characteristic of: a) Coagulation $ecrosis
b) Caseous $ecrosis c) Fibrinoid $ecrosis d) Liquefaction $ecrosis e) n/#matic Fat $ecrosis %1. All of the follo(ing findings represent changes seen (ithin cells that represent re*ersible cellular in+ury except: a) Fatt# c%ange in %e!atoc#tes b) $euronal cell swelling c) S'eletal muscle fiber anaerobic gl#col#sis d) Renal tubular cell nuclear !#'nosis e) 0u!ffer cell iron de!osition %2. 'hich is most liely to happen follo(ing a stroe (ith loss of blood supply to a lobe of the brain: a) Cerebral softening from liquefactive necrosis b) +ale infarction wit% coagulative necrosis c) +redominantl# t%e loss of glial cells d) Recover of damaged neurons if t%e vascular su!!l# is restablis%ed e) -et gangrene wit% secondar# bacterial infection %3. The best example of =ystrophic Calcification is seen in a: a) 11 #ear old woman wit% metastases from breast carcinoma 2 %#!ercalcemia b) Healing granuloma in a 34 #ear old man wit% !ulmonar# tuberculosis c) angrenous lower e(tremit# in a 15 #ear old woman wit% diabetes mellitus d) 67 #ear old woman wit% a recent cerebral infarction e) *bscess of t%e left fallo!ian tube in a 48 #ear old woman wit% $eisseria onnorr%eae Infection %%. 'hich of the follo(ing cellular changes represents the best e*idence for irre*ersible cellular in+ury: a) !it%elial d#s!lasia b) C#to!lasmic fatt# metamor!%osis c) $uclear !#'nosis d) *tro!%# e) *naerobic gl#col#sis %&. The presence of differentiated columnar epithelium (ith goblet cells in lo(er esophagus is consistent (ith: a) "#s!lasia b) H#!er!lasia c) Carcinoma d) Isc%emia e) Meta!lasia %,. 'hich of the follo(ing (ill sho( hypertrophy: a) T%e uterine m#ometrium in !regnanc# b) T%e female breast at !ubert# c) T%e liver following !artial resection d) T%e ovar# following meno!ause e) T%e cervi( wit% c%ronic inflammation %-. 'hich of the follo(ing is most liely to gi*e rise to "etaplasia: a) Tanning of t%e s'in following sunlig%t e(!osure b) Lactation following !regnanc# c) .itamin * deficienc# d) *cute M#ocardial Infarction e) *cute Tubular $ecrosis
%0. 'hich of the follo(ing is deposited in myocardium in ad*anced age: a) Hemosidrin b) Li!oc%rome c) l#cogen d) C%olesterol e) Calcium Salts %4. 'hich of the follo(ing tissues is most liely to be least affected by schemia: a) S'eletal muscle b) Small intestinal e!it%elium c) Retina d) M#ocardium e) Hi!!ocam!us &5. An amputated foot of a diabetic (ill most liely sho(: a) $eo!lasia b) angrenous $ecrosis c) Coagulo!at%# d) Hemosiderosis e) Caseation &1. 'hich of the follo(ing processes explains the appearance of calcium deposition in a tuberculous lymph node: a) "#stro!%ic calcification b) *!o!tosis c) H#!ercalcemia d) Metastatic calcification e) $eo!lastic c%ange &2. 'hich of the follo(ing types of necrosis is grossly opa$ue > ?chal? (hite: a) Coagulation necrosis b) Liquefaction c) Caseous necrosis d) Fat necrosis e) angrenous necrosis &3. =ystrophic Calcification is most closely associated (ith: a) H#!ercalcemia b) $ecrosis c) C%ronic irritation d) "iminis%ed blood su!!l# e) Increased wor'load &%. =eposition of Calcium in dead or dying tissue is: a) "#stro!%ic calcification b) Metastatic calcification c) Bot% * and B d) $eit%er * nor B &&. 'hich of the follo(ing types of necrosis is characteri/ed by amorphous granular debris: a) Coagulation $ecrosis b) Liquifaction $ecrosis c) Caseous $ecrosis d) Fat $ecrosis e) angrenous $ecrosis &,. ypertrophy is most closely associated (ith: a) H#!ercalcemia
b) $ecrosis c) C%ronic Irritation d) "iminis%ed Blood Su!!l# e) Increased -or' Load &-. 'hich of the follo(ing is most susceptible to li$uefaction necrosis follo(ing ischemic in+ury: a) +ancreas b) Liver c) S!leen d) Brain e) Intestine &0. ypoplasia is due to: a) Cell Loss b) *tro!%# c) Inadequate develo!ment d) "isuse e) Isc%emia &4. The loss of indi*idual cell through fragmentation of indi*idual cell nucleus is best described as: a) Coagulative $ecrosis b) Mitoc%ondrial +oisoning c) +%agoc#tosis d) *!o!tosis e) Liquefaction ,5. The light bro(n perinucleur pigment seen in an old man muscle fiber is: a) Hemosidrin b) Li!ofuscin c) l#cogen d) Melanin e) Calcium ,1. ypertensi*e nlargement of the heart is a form of: a) Fatt# infiltration b) H#!o!lasia c) l#cogen storage d) H#!ertro!%# e) H#!er!lasia ,2. 6angrene of the big toe in a ,5 year old female is most liely associated (ith: a) "iabetes Mellitus b) Tem!oral *rteritis c) *I"S d) T#!e III H#!ersensitivit# e) Carcinoma of t%e Bronc%us ,3. ocal at 9ecrosis is associated (ith: a) Fibrinous +ericarditis b) C%ronic *!!endicitis c) *cute +ancreatitis d) +eri!ortal Fibrosis e) as angrene
,%. T(o days after myocardial infarction histology of the heart (ill sho(: a) Fibroblasts and Collagen
b) ranulation Tissue c) $ecrotic Muscle 2 $eutro!%ils d) ranulamatous Inflammation e) *neur#smal "ilation ,&. Cigarette #moing does not cause: a) Squamous Meta!lasia b) Smoot% Muscle H#!er!lasia c) "efective Ciliar# *ction d) "amage of *irwa# e) In%ibition of *lveolar Leu'oc#tes 2 Macro!%ages ,,. 'hich of the follo(ing is responsible for gangrene of lo(er extremeties: a) &besit# b) H#!erli!idemia c) Cigarette Smo'ing d) "iabetes Mellitus e) H#!ercalcemia ,-. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of re*ersible cell in+ury: a) Swollen cell b) Swollen mitoc%ondria c) +#'notic $ucleus d) "ilated ndo!lasmic e) Cell surface blebs ,0. Changes of color in 6angrene is due to: a) "e!osition of am#loid b) Brea'down of %emoglobin c) "e!osition of melanin d) "e!osition of li!ofusin e) "e!osition of calcium salts ,4. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of re*ersible cell in+ury: a) Increased "$* s#nt%esis b) Reduction of *T+ c) Failure of Sodium +um! d) Influ( of Calcium e) *ccumulation of Metabolites -5. 'hich of the follo(ing is a feature of Colli$uati*e 9ecrosis: a) Com!lete loss of arc%itecture b) C#st formation c) &ccurs in tissues wit% %ig% water content d) * and C e) *ll of t%e above -1. 'hich of the follo(ing is ;are) true about apoptosis: a) It is !rogrammed cell deat% b) It requires cell energ# c) Induces a severe inflammator# reaction d) Bot% * and B e) Bot% B and C -2. Calcium may play a role in cell in+ury by: a) Causing *T+ de!letion b) *ctivating +%os!%oli!ases c) Inducing *uto!%agoc#tosis d) Regulating +#'nosis
-3. rre*ersible cellular changes include all of the follo(ing except: a) H#dro!ic C%ange b) +#'nosis c) 0ar#orr%e(is d) 0ar#ol#sis -%. Abnormal pigmentation is seen in the follo(ing except: a) Conn9s S#ndrome b) +ernicious *nemia c) Tattooing d) *ddison9s "isease e) +regnanc# -&. The follo(ing are true about Apoptosis except: a) It is !rogrammed cell deat% b) *ffects a grou! of cells c) Is energ# de!endent d) T%ere is c%romatin condensation e) "oes not elicit an inflammator# reaction -,. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of 9ecrosis: a) 0ar#ol#sis b) 0ar#orr%ecsis c) C#to!lasmic Baso!%ilia d) +#'nosis e) Loss of R$* --. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of Coagulati*e 9ecrosis: a) "e!osition of Fibrinol#sis b) Tissues are firm and swollen c) %ost outline of cell are seen d) *rc%itecture is maintained e) T%e tissue is dee!l# eosino!%ilic -0. 'hich of the follo(ing is most liely associated (ith Caseation 9ecrosis: a) "iabetic angrene b) as angrene c) M#ocardial Infarction d) In!issated +us e) S!lenic Infarction -4. The follo(ing are no(n causes of Atrophy except: a) *ging b) Starvation c) Increased tro!%ic %ormone secretion d) Immobili/ation e) "enervation 05. =ystrophic Calcification is: a) Reversible b) "ue to reduction of !H in tissues c) Causes renal failure d) *ssociated wit% !rimar# %#!er!arat%#roidism e) &ccurs in dead !arasites in t%e bod#
01. 'hich of the follo(ing pathologic changes (ould be considered irre*ersible@ a) Fatt# c%ange in liver cells
b) H#dro!%ic vacuoli/ation or renal tubular e!it%elial cells c) 0ar#olo#sis in m#ocardial cells d) l#cogen de!osition in %e!atoc#te nuclei e) H#!er!lasia of t%e breast during !regnanc# 02. #$uamous "etaplasia can occur in all of the follo(ing sites except: a) $ose b) Salivar# land "ucts c) :e;unum d) Renal +elvis e) all Bladder 03. Colli$uati*e 9ecrosis occurs in: a) S!leen b) Liver c) Heart d) Brain e) 0idne#s 0%. The follo(ing are features of Colli$uati*e 9ecrosis: a) Com!lete loss of arc%itecture b) C#st formation c) &ccurs in tissues wit% %ig% water content d) * 2 C e) *ll of t%e above 0&. 'hich of the follo(ing is significant in eperfusion n+ury: a) eneration of Free Radicals b) "ecreased !H c) C#to'ines released b# damaged %#!o(ic cells d) Bot% * 2 B e) Bot% * 2 C 0,. eperfusion n+ury is due to: a) eneration of &(#gen Free Radicals b) *dditional recruitment of !ol#mor!%s b# c#to'ines from %e!atic cells c) Bot% * 2 B d) $one of t%e above 0-. 'hich of the follo(ing is a feature of irre*ersible cell in+ury: a) Swelling of ndo!lasmic Reticulum b) Formation of Blebs c) 0ar#ol#sis of $uclei d) Fatt# C%ange e) Mitoc%ondrial Swelling 00. A common manifestation of sublethal cell in+ury seen in organs such as the heart and li*er is: a) l#cogen accumulation b) Fatt# c%ange c) Calcium de!osition d) *!o!tosis e) "e!osition of *m#loid 04. n the process of necrosis a reduction in the si/e of the nucleus and a condensation of nuclear material is no(n as: a) 0ar#ol#sis b) +#'no!%rasia c) 0ar#orr%e(is d) +#'nosis
e) Metac%romasia 45. A cardinal sign of nflammation is : a) .asoconstriction b) Redness c) Leu'oc#te Margiation d) .asodilation e) Slowing of t%e Circulation 41. After initiating an acute inflammatory e*ent the third in a se$uence of changes in *ascular flo( is : a) .asoconstriction b) Redness c) Leu'oc#te Margiation d) .asodilation e) Slowing of t%e Circulation 42. 7eucytes capable of significant Phagocytosis include : a) L#m!%oc#te b) +lasma Cell c) Bot% * and B d) 9either A nor ! 43. 'hich of the follo(ing is most associated (ith Acute nflammation: a) $eutro!%ils b) Connective Tissue c) Macro!%ages d) ranulation Tissue e) ranuloma 4%. nflammatory conditions (hich ha*e a large number of eosinophils in the exudates include : a) *st%ma b) +arasitic disease c) Bot% * and B d) $eit%er * nor B 4&. !y definition (hich cells are in*ol*ed in organi/ation: a) 0idne# tubular and Liver +arenc%#mal cells b) Macro!%ages and ndot%elial Cells c) ndot%elial Cells and Fibroblasts d) Fibroblasts and Fat Cells 4,. Phagocytosis is enhanced by: a) C1a b) Brad#'inin c) L#so/#me d) C
e) ndogenous +#rogen 44. "ultinucleated 6iant Cells of the foreign body type origin from: a) $uclear "ivision of ranuloc#tes b) *t#!ical Regeneration of !it%elium c) Mega'ar#oc#tes d) Fusion of Macro!%ages e) Multi!lication of $uclei Surrounding Fibroc#tes 155. istamine is thought to be the direct cause of: a) Leu'oc#tosis b) migration c) +%agoc#tosis d) Increased .ascular +ermeabilit# e) *ll of t%e *bove 151. An Abscess is best defined as : a) * local defect in t%e surface of a tissue b) *n abnormal accumulation between two surface c) *n# area of tissue necrosis d) * locali/ed collection of !us e) *n e!it%elium,lined sac filled wit% viscous fluid 152. "ediators of fe*er in inflammation include : a) Macro!%age !roduct similar to interleu'in I b) +rostaglandins c) Bot% * and B d) $eit%er * nor B 153. Phagocytes from an indi*idual deficient in myeloperoxiase ;"P8) (ill most liely be less effecti*e in: a) 0illing Bacteria b) Recogni/ing Bacteria c) Marginating in vessels d) =ndergoing C%emota(is e) ngulfing Bacteria 15%. A purulent exudates is generally characteri/ed by the presence of: a) Mucous b) Macro!%ages and connective tissue c) $eutro!%ils and necrotic debris d) Serous Fluid e) +reci!itated +rotein 15&. 6ranuloma formation is most fre$uently associated (ith: a) *cute inflammation b) T%e Healing +rocess c) -ound Contraction d) Fibroblasts and $eovasulari/ation e) * !ersistent irritant 15,. 'hich of the follo(ing best describes a granuloma: a) * small nodule of granulation tissue b) * tumor com!osed of granuloc#tes c) * small %ard mass of fibroblasts and collagen d) Inflammation !rimaril# com!osed of l#m!%oc#tes e) *n aggregate of activated macro!%ages 15-. The most characteristic feature of granulation tissue is the: a) Resemblance to a ranuloma
b) rowt% of Fibroblasts and $ew Ca!illaries c) C%aracter of t%e (udate d) * form of angrenous $ecrosis e) +resence of Monoc#tes and Fibroblasts 150. 'hich of the follo(ing is the most efficient iller of bacteria in neutrophils: a) S!ontaneous dismutation of &7 to H7& b) Conversion of H7&7 to H&Cl b# M#elo!ero(iase c) &(idative metabolism giving rise to &H and &7 d) H#rol#/ing Bacterial Coated wit% L#so/#me e) *ction of H#drol#tic n/#mes 154. The emigration and accumulation of neutrophils in the acute inflammation reaction is primarily the result of: a) *ctive %#!eremia b) H#drostatic +ressure c) Increased Microvascular +ermeabilit# d) C%emota(is e) $one of t%e above 115. 'hich of the follo(ing is expressed on endothelial cells in acute inflammation for leuocyte adhesion: a) Interferon amma b) Hageman Factor c) L#so/#me d) ,selectin e) +rostac#clin 111. e*er and 7euocytes in (hich most leuocytes are neutrophils typical of: a) *cute Bacterial Infection b) *cute .iral Infection c) C%ronic .iral Infection d) +arasitemia e) Foreign Bod# iant Cell Reaction 112. pitheloid Cells and 7angerhans 6iant Cells in granulomas are deri*ed from: a) $eutro!%ils b) osino!%ils c) Mast Cells d) Macro!%age e) L#m!%oc#tes 113. Prostaglandins are formed from Arachidonic Acid through the action of (hich en/yme path(ay ? a) C#cloo(#genase b) Li!o(#genase c) M#elo!ero(idase d) +%os!%oli!ase * e) lutat%ione Reductase 11%. The ca*ity of an Abscess contains: a) Caseous $ecrosis b) H#alin c) iant Cells d) +us e) ranulation Tissue 11&. Transudate can be found in the follo(ing settings except : a) Congestive Heart Failure
b) $e!%rotic S#ndrome c) Su!erior .enacaval &bstruction d) +ericarditis e) $one of t%e *bove 11,. The diagnostic feature of granuloma is the presence of : a) iant cells b) !it%eloid cells c) L#m!%oc#tes d) Fibrosis e) Caeseation 11-. The follo(ing ha*e a granuloma except : a) T>B b) S#!%ilis c) Le!ros# d) Sc%istosomiasis e) Sta!%#lococcal Infection 110. ormation of the epitheloid cells is mediated by: a) IL,4 b) IL,7 c) Histamine d) amma Interferon e) Serotonin 114. The first inflammatory cell to sho( at the site of acute inflammation is the: a) Monoc#te b) B,l#m!%oc#te c) T,l#m!%oc#te d) $eutro!%ils e) Mast cell 125. The follo(ing are true about an exudate except: a) It can be !resent as edema b) It %as a %ig% !rotein content c) It %as a s!ecific gravit# ³ 4>575 d) It ma# contain inflammator# cells e) It can be due to congestive %eart failure 121. 'hich of the follo(ing is the most po(erful chemotactic agent: a) Histamine b) +rostaglandin c) Hageman Factor d) Brad#'inin e) Com!lement C1a 122. A biopsy of a region of acute inflammation (ould most liely re*eal all of the follo(ing except: a) Fibrinous e(udate b) $eutro!%ils c) dema d) $ecrosis e) Fibrous connective tissue
123. 'hich of the follo(ing chemical mediators is most important in the de*elopment of 6ranulomatous nflammation: a) Interferon gamma
b) Brad#'inin c) Com!lement C1a d) Histamine e) +rostaglandin 7 12%. ollo(ing an attac of chest infection for three days a patient becomes *ery ill and his chest x rays sho(s a 3cm rounded density. e is most liely ha*ing: a) H#!ertro!%ic scar b) *bscess formation c) Regeneration d) Bronc%ogenic carcinoma e) +rogression to c%ronic inflammation 12&. 'hich of the follo(ing cells is the most important in the de*elopment of tuberculous granuloma: a) Macro!%ages b) Fibroblast c) $eutro!%il d) Mast Cell e) +latelet 12,. 'hich of the follo(ing inflammatory processes (ould cause interstitial fibrosis and nodules in the lungs of a person (ho inhaled silica dust: a) $eutro!%ilic infiltration wit% release of leu'otrienes b) Foreign bod# giant cell formation c) +lasma cell !roduction of immunoglobin d) Histamine release b# mast cells e) Release of growt% factors b# macro!%ages 12-. 'hich of the follo(ing mediators are predominantly responsible for pain in acute inflammation: a) Com!lement C
b) Contains m#ofibroblast c) Contains !roliferating ca!illaries d) Im!ortant in wound contraction e) Contains fibronectin 132. "atrix components in early granulation tissue include: a) Fibronectin b) T#!e III collagen c) Bot% * and B d) $eit%er * nor B e) ranuloma 133. Apoptosis does not induce inflammation because: a) T%e in;ur# is too mild to induce inflammation b) +%agoc#tic cells secrete c#to'ines t%at in%ibit inflammation c) T%e !rocess occurs onl# in avascular tissues d) *!o!tosis occurs onl# in immune deficient tissues e) T%e !atient is using antibiotics 13%. 8sponi/ation is the: a) Formation of free radicals b) "egradation of bacteria b# l#so/#mes c) ngulfment of antigen b# leu'oc#tes d) Coating of antigen b# antibodies e) +rocessing of antigens b# antigen !resenting cells 13&. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a characteristic of a 6ranuloma: a) Macro!%ages b) iant Cells c) +ol#mor!%onuclear Leu'oc#tes d) L#m!%oc#tes e) !it%eloid Cells 13,. 'hich of the follo(ing has a large number of eosinophils in exudates: a) Sarcoidosis b) Bronc%iectasis c) S#!%ilis d) Bronc%ial *st%ma e) C%ronic Bronc%itis 13-. 'hich of the follo(ing are in*ol*ed in organi/ation: a) ndot%elial cells and osteoc#tes b) ndot%elial cells and c%ondroblasts c) ndot%elial cells and fibroblasts d) Fibroblasts and fat cells e) Fibroblasts and !lasma cells 130. The tumour of inflammation is due primarily to: a) *rteriolar dilation b) .enous dilation c) Ca!illar# dilation d) Increased intracellular fluid e) Increased e(tracellular fluid
134. 8ne of the follo(ing is a Chemotactic actor: a) Histamine b) Brad#'inin
c) Interleu'in 4 d) Leu'otriene B3 e) Serotonin 1%5. Phagocytosis is enhanced by: a) C4 b) Brad#'inin c) L#so/#me d) &s!onin e) Serotonin 1%1. 'hich one of the follo(ing is a harmful effect of acute inflammation: a) "ilution of to(ins b) +%agoc#tosis c) Formation of fibrin d) Swelling of tissue e) Stimulation of immune res!onse 1%2. The high protein content of the inflammatory exudates is mainly due to: a) +rotein released from dead tissue b) +roduction of !rotein b# inflammator# cells c) Increased ca!illar# !ermeabilit# d) Increased ca!illar# %#drostatic !ressure e) Increased blood flow in t%e site of inflammation 1%3. 'hich of the follo(ing is expected to be found in sputum of an asthmatic child: a) Ig antibodies b) *ctivate macro!%ages c) osino!%ils d) Foreign bod# giant cell e) *sbestos bodies 1%%. Phagocytosis is enhanced by: a) +rostaglandin 7 b) Brad#'inin c) L#so/#mes d) &s!onin e) Serotonin 1%&. 'hich of the follo(ing are in*ol*ed in organi/ation: a) Liver !arenc%#mal cells b) Macro!%ages and endot%elial cells c) ndot%elial cells and fibroblasts d) Fibroblasts and fat cells e) $eurons and glial cells 1%,. 'hich part of the microcirculation is most consistently in*ol*ed in the permeability changes and exudation of acute inflammation: a) Small arteries b) *rterioles c) Ca!illaries d) .enules e) .eins 1%-. Chronic nflammation is characteri/ed by the presence of: a) +ol#mor!%s? monoc#tes and e(udate b) +lasma cells? l#m!%oc#tes? fibroblasts and monoc#tes c) +lasma cells? !ol#mor!%s? l#m!%oc#tes and monoc#tes d) +lasma cells? baso!%ils? eosino!%ils? fibroblasts and monoc#tes
1%0. The follo(ing are true of macrophages except: a) T%e# are !%agoc#tic cells b) T%e# !roduce interleu'ins c) *re antigen,!resenting cells d) T%e# are derived from blood monoc#tes e) T%e# are t%e main cells in c%ronic inflammation 1%4. 'hich of the follo(ing is true about an xudate: a) &ccurs in %eart failure b) Is due to low !lasma oncotic !ressure c) Has a low s!ecific gravit# d) Has a %ig% !rotein content e) Is due to l#m!%atic obstruction 1&5. The most important factor in the formation of acute inflammatory exudates is: a) Increased H#drostatic +ressure b) Increased Blood Flow c) C%emota(is d) Increased .ascular +ermeabilit# e) L#m!%atic &bstruction 1&1. ncreased Bascular Permeability is due to: a) "amage to endot%elial cells b) -idening of ga!s between endot%elial cells c) Slowing of blood flow d) Bot% * 2 B e) Bot% * 2 C 1&2. nfertility and short stature in a (oman (ith a %&x aryotype are typical of: a) Rlinefelter S#ndrome b) Turner S#ndrome c) "own S#ndrome d) *c%ondro!lasia "warfism e) C#stic Fibrosis 1&3. =o(n #yndrome is: a) Trisom# 74 b) Trisom# 4@ c) Trisom# 4< d) *utosomal "ominant e) Mot%ers are less t%an <5 #ears old 1&%. "utations in mitochondrial genes are: a) In%erited from t%e fat%er b) Common cause of disease c) In%erited from t%e mot%er d) *utosomal Recessive e) *ffects onl# males 1&&. There are no lined disorders because: a) T%ere are no mutations occurring in t%e A c%romosome b) T%e affected males die before adult%ood c) *ffected males are infertile d) "efects in t%e A c%romosome are autosomal dominant e) $one of t%e above 1&,. Dlined disorders: a) Males are alwa#s carriers b) Females are alwa#s diseased
c) *re in%erited from t%e fat%er d) *re in%erited from t%e mot%er e) Sic'le cell anemia is an e(am!le 1&-. Autosomal recessi*e disorders: a) *re in%erited from t%e fat%er onl# b) *re in%erited from t%e mot%er onl# c) *re in%erited commonl# due to new mutations d) *re usuall# more severe t%an autosomal dominant disorders e) $one of t%e above 1&0. All of the follo(ing are autosomal recessi*e except: a) C#stic Fibrosis b) Sic'le Cell *nemia c) T%alassemia d) Hemoc%ormatosis e) "iabetes Mellitus 1&4. "endelian disorders are due to: a) C%romosomal abnormalities b) Single gene defect c) nvironmental Factors d) Mitoc%ondrial gene mutations e) ,lin'ed mutations 1,5. 'hich of the follo(ing is inherited as autosomal recessi*e disorders: a) Familial !ol#!osis coli b) Hemo!ilia * c) C#stic Fibrosis d) $eurofibromatosis e) R%eumatic Heart "isease 1,1. 'hich of the follo(ing is inherited as autosomal dominant disorders: a) Familial !ol#!osis coli b) Hemo!ilia * c) C#stic Fibrosis d) "iabetes e) R%eumatic Heart "isease 1,2. 'hich of the follo(ing is inherited as an Dlined recessi*e trait: a) Familial !ol#!osis coli b) Hemo!ilia * c) C#stic Fibrosis d) $eurofibromatosis e) R%eumatic Heart "isease 1,3. The primary role of (hich of the follo(ing in the closure of (ounds healing by second intention: a) $eutro!%ils b) Connective Tissue c) Macro!%ages d) ranulation Tissue e) ranuloma 1,%. The process of regeneration: a) "oes not restore !rior function b) Invariabilit# leads to scar formation c) Refers to %ealing b# !roliferation of stromal elements d) &ccurs in tissues com!osed of labile and stable cells e) Is s#non#mous wit% re!air
1,&. The follo(ing factors delay healing of damaged tissue: a) Scurv# b) Ioni/ing Radiation c) Immobili/ation d) Infections e) lucocorticoids 1,,. epair of (hich of the follo(ing in*ol*es regeneration and connecti*e tissue repair: a) Bone fracture b) Renal tubular necrosis c) Bot% * and B d) $eit%er * nor B 1,-. 'hich of the follo(ing does not promote fracture healing: a) Steroid t%era!# b) *dequate blood su!!l# c) Immobili/ation d) *dequate .itamin C su!!l# 1,0. 9eurogenic #eptic and Cardiogenic shoc are all characteri/ed by: a) qual !rognosis if untreated b) $eed for blood transfusion c) +eri!%eral vasodilation at onset d) $ormal blood volume at earl# stage e) +rogression to irreversible s%oc' 1,4. The causes of ypo*olemic shoc do not include: a) Severe vomiting b) Severe diarr%ea c) (tensive burning d) M#ocardial Infarction e) Severe Trauma 1-5. ollo(ing a hypotensi*e shoc (hich lasted for hours (hich of the follo(ing tissues is most liely to (ithstand the ischemia: a) S'eletal muscle b) Small Intestinal !it%elium c) Retina d) M#ocardium e) Hi!!ocam!us 1-1. 'hat type of shoc is most associated (ith se*ere burns: a) Cardiogenic s%oc' b) H#!ovolemic s%oc' c) Se!tic s%oc' d) $eurogenic s%oc' 1-2. The causes of ypo*olemic shoc do not include: a) Severe vomiting b) Severe diarr%ea c) Blood Loss d) *cute %emorr%agic !ancreatitis e) (tensive Burning 1-3. The follo(ing are true about arterial thrombi except : a) *re usuall# due to endot%elial in;ur# b) Can be !reci!itated b# at%erosclerosis c) row in t%e direction of blood flow d) Lead to isc%emia and infarction
e) Commonl# cause s#stemic emboli 1-%. The follo(ing are true regarding *enous thrombi except: a) Commonl# are due to stasis b) *lwa#s cause infarction c) row in t%e direction of blood flow d) Can cause !ulmonar# emboli e) Commonl# occur in t%e dee! leg veins 1-&. Thrombosis can be caused by all of the follo(ing except: a) ndot%elial in;ur# b) Turbulent blood flow c) Leiden mutation d) Factor .III deficienc# e) *trial Fibrillation 1-,. 'hich of the follo(ing are se$uelae to thrombosis: a) mboli/ation b) &rgani/ation and Recanali/ation c) +ro!agation d) Bot% * and B e) *ll of t%e above 1--. 'hich one of the follo(ing does not predispose to thrombosis: a) ndot%elial damage b) .ascular Stasis c) T%romboc#to!enia d) Formation of aggregates e) *ctivation of t%e coagulation mec%anism 1-0. 'hich one of the follo(ing is not a cause of thrombosis: a) "amage of endot%elial lining b) *neur#sms c) +ol#c#t%enia d) "issiminated Carcinomatosis e) Hig% level of antit%rombin III 1-4. The follo(ing are associated (ith =C except: a) -ide s!read de!osition of fibrin wit% microcirculation b) Consum!tion of coagulation factors c) Haemorr%agic diat%esis Bleeding Tendenc#) d) T%romboc#tosis Increased +latelet Count) e) *ctivation of +lasminogen 105. =isseminated ntra*ascular Coagulation is associated (ith the follo(ing except: a) Microangio!at%ic %emol#tic anemia b) T%romboc#tosis c) Low fibrinogen level d) "isseminated malignanc# e) Crus% in;uries 101. The follo(ing predispose to deep *ein thrombosis except: a) Malnutrition b) Cancer c) Factor .III deficienc# d) *bdominal Surger# e) Immobili/ation 102. The follo(ing are true of Thrombi except: a) *re formed from blood consitituents
b) *lwa#s cause com!lete vascular occlusion and infarction c) *re com!licated b# emboli/ation d) Ma# undergo d#stro!%ic calcification 103. 'hich of the follo(ing is not associated (ith Thrombosis: a) Cancer b) +rolonged bed rest c) Sic'le cell anemia d) Hemo!%ilia e) Tissue damage 10%. at emboli can be precipitated by: a) (cessive fats inta'e b) Ru!ture of an at%eromatous !laque c) Ru!ture of t%e uterus d) Fracture of t%e femur e) C%anges in atmos!%eric !ressure 10&. Paradoxial emboli are: a) Commonl# !ulmonar# emboli b) *re caused b# m#ocardial infarction c) "ue to t%e !resence of an interventricular on inter atrial defect d) "ue to sudden c%anges in t%e atmos!%eric !ressure e) Caused b# trauma 10,. Pulmonary emboli ha*e each of the follo(ing characteristics except: a) Commonl# arise in leg veins b) +ass t%roug% t%e rig%t %eart before reac%ing t%e lung c) Consistentl# cause infarction in t%e lung d) *re usuall# t%rombotic emboli 10-. A detached intra*ascular solid li$uid or gas carried to a site distant from its point of origin is most associated (ith: a) *scites b) +etec%iae c) Infarction d) mboli e) Hematoma 100. nfarction of the spleen is usually due to : a) H#!ers!lenism b) Congestion c) *rterial mbolism d) "e!osition of connective tissue and !igment e) .enous T%rombosis 104. n an area of myocardial infarction (hich of the follo(ing (ill be most effecti*e in promoting healing: a) Histamine b) Immunoglobulin c) Com!lement C
e) Intestine 141. 'hich of the follo(ing is most significant in the diagnosis of early acute myocardial infarction: a) SR b) *S& titre c) Tro!onin d) L"H lactet de%#drogenase e) Total C0 142. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a ma+or ris factor for atherosclerosis: a) Famil# %istor# b) H#!erli!idemia c) +%#sical inactivit# d) "iabetes e) H#!ertension 143. 8rgans (hich are less susceptible than others to infarction because of a dual blood supply include: a) Liver and Lungs b) Liver and 0idne# c) Lung and S!leen d) S!leen and 0idne# e) +ancreas and Lung 14%. 'hich cells are targeted by B: a) C"3 D cells b) +lasma cells c) Macro!%ages d) Bot% * 2 B e) Bot% * 2 C 14&. Asthma is an example of: a) T#!e I %#!ersensitivit# reaction b) T#!e II %#!ersensitivit# reaction c) T#!e III %#!ersensitivit# reaction d) T#!e I. %#!ersensitivit# reaction e) T#!e . %#!ersensitivit# reaction 14,. g plays a ma+or role in: 4 a) T#!e I %#!ersensitivit# reaction b) T#!e II %#!ersensitivit# reaction c) T#!e III %#!ersensitivit# reaction d) T#!e I. %#!ersensitivit# reaction e) T#!e . %#!ersensitivit# reaction 14-. Acute graft re+ection is caused by: a) T#!e I %#!ersensitivit# reaction b) T#!e II %#!ersensitivit# reaction c) T#!e III %#!ersensitivit# reaction d) T#!e I. %#!ersensitivit# reaction e) T#!e . %#!ersensitivit# reaction 140. The follo(ing are true about #7 except: a) It is commoner in females b) *nti nuclear antibodies are diagnostic c) It can affect t%e ;oints d) It is associated wit% a butterfl# ras% e) It can cause anemia 144. B primarily affects:
a) C"@ l#m!%oc#tes b) Cells e(!ressing C"3 molecules c) $eutro!%ils d) Baso!%ils e) osino!%ils 255. The follo(ing are true about Type hypersensiti*ity except: a) It can be locali/ed or s#stemic b) (trinsic ast%ma is an e(am!le c) T%e !redominant antibod# involved is Ig d) "egranulation of mast cells is t%e !at%ogenesis !at%wa# e) Can be diagnosed b# s'in test 251. 8f the follo(ing histopathologic finding the one best indicates that a neoplasm is malignant is: a) +leomor!%ism b) *t#!ia c) Invasion d) Increased $uclearEC#to!lasmic Ratio e) $ecrosis 252. 'hich of the follo(ing infectious agents is associated (ith transformation of tissue macrophages to epitheloid cells: a) M#cobacterium le!rae b) +seudomonas aeruginosa c) C#tomegalovirus d) iardia Lamblia e) Sta!%#lococcus aureus 253. 'hich of the follo(ing complications is most liely to occur in a -, year old (oman (ho has a s(ollen leg follo(ed by fracture of femoral trochanter and (ho has been immobili/ed: a) angrenous $ecrosis of t%e Foot b) Haematoma of t%e T%ig% c) "isseminated Intravascular Coagulation "I.) d) +ulmonar# T%romboembolism e) Soft Tissue Sarcoma 25%. 6eneration of (hich of the follo(ing substances by the ma+or inflammatory cell type (ould be responsible for clearing microorganism in an inflammatory focus: a) +latelet *ctivated Factor b) +rostaglandins c) 0alli'rein d) Leu'otriene e) H#drogen +ero(ide 25&. 'hich of the follo(ing cell types releases chemical mediators responsible for allergic rhinitis: a) $eutro!%ils b) Mast Cells c) C"3D Cells d) $0 Cells e) Macro!%ages 25,. 'hich of the follo(ing chemical mediators is most liely to be in*ol*ed in anaphylaxis follo(ing intra*enous penicillin treatment: a) Interleu'in I b) Brad#'inin c) Com!lement C1a d) Histamine e) T%rombo(ane
25-. 'hich of the follo(ing cellular process is most liely to occur in the myocardium of a patient (ith myocardial infarction (ho is being treated (ith fibrinolytic agents: a) *!o!tosis b) Free Radical In;ur# c) Fatt# C%anges d) *ccumulation of Li!ofuscin e) *ccumulation of *m#loid 250. 'hich of the follo(ing (ill predict a better prognosis for breast cancer: a) T%e tumor is small in si/e b) $o metastasis are found in sam!led l#m!% node c) $umerous mitosis are seen d) Tumor s%ows mild %#!erc%romatism e) Tumor cells s%ow mar'ed !leomor!%ism 254. 'hich of the follo(ing is characteristic of neoplasm: a) Recurrence following e(cision b) Ra!id increase in si/e c) Sensitivit# to radiation t%era!# d) =ncontrolled autonomous growt%) e) $ecrosis 215. 'idespread 8edema is liely in: a) L#m!%atic &bstruction b) Ca!illar# "amage c) Inflammations d) H#!oalbuminemia e) Cancer of t%e Stomac% 211. Acute Pulmonary 8edema of the heart failure results from: a) Increased +lasma Colloid &smotic +ressure b) "ecreased +lasma Colloid &smotic +ressure oncotic pressure. c) Increased .ascular +ermeabilit# d) Increased .ascular H#drostatic +ressure e) Increased Blood .iscosit# 212. =C follo(ing extensi*e surgery is due to: a) ntrance of tissue t%rombo!lastin into circulation b) H#!o(ia? acidosis and s%oc' coe(isting wit% e(tensive surger# c) +rotein C "eficienc# d) Bot% * and B e) Bot% B and C 213. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of stem cells: a) Ca!able of self renewal b) Ca!able of lin'age generation c) T%e# are t%e !redominant !o!ulation in a tissue d) T%e# belong to t%e terminal differentiation com!artment e) Bot% * and B 21%. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of benign tumors: a) row Slowl# b) -ell "emonstrated c) Infiltrate *d;acent Cells d) Can Secrete Hormones e) $amed b# adding suffi( 9oma9 to t#!e of cell 21&. 'hich of the follo(ing malignant tumors has the best prognosis: a) He!atocellular Carcinoma
b) Renal Cell Carcinoma c) Basal Cell Carcinoma d) Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Cervi( e) Squamous Cell Carcinoma of S'in 21,. The contents of a blister is an example of (hich type of exudate: a) Serous b) Fibrinous c) +urulent d) Cellular e) Haemaorr%agic 21-. educed Plasma 8ncotic Pressure is the most important cause of generali/ed edema in: a) Congestive Heart Failure b) Lung Cancer c) Constrictive +ericarditis d) Head Trauma e) $e!%rotic S#ndrome 210. 'hich of the follo(ing diseases is characteri/ed by noncaseating granulomas@ a) Sarcoidosis b) Tuberculosis c) Histo!lasmosis d) "i!t%eria e) Measles 214. 9utmeg 7i*er is caused by: a) .iral He!atitis b) *cute He!atic Congestion c) C%ronic He!atic Congestion d) Fibrosis of t%e Liver e) $one of t%e *bove 225. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a predisposing factor for pyelonephritis: a) +regnanc# b) "iabetes Mellitus c) Renal *rter# Stenosis d) +rostatic H#!ertro!%# e) Renal Calculi 232. 8ne of the follo(ing is not a Tumor "arer: a) T%rombo(an *7 b) *l!%a Feto!rotein c) Carcinoembr#onic *ntigen d) +rostate S!ecific *ntigen e) C%orionic onadotro!%in 233. 'hich of the follo(ing is a Tumor "arer@ a) T%rombo(ane *7 b) *cet#lc%oline c) +rostaglandin d) *CTH e) Ferritin 23%. 'hich of the follo(ing causes 7ymphatic 8edema@ a) Sarcoidosis b) Sc%istosomiasis c) Filariasis d) S#!%ilis
e) Leis%maniasis 23&. 'hich of the follo(ing does 98T cause ypoalaemia@ a) "iueretics b) .omiting c) "iarr%oea d) *ddison9s "isease e) Metabolic *l'alosis 23,. The follo(ing are associated (ith Cachexia except: a) Malignanc# b) *nemia c) -asting d) H#!o!lasia e) Tumour $ecrosis Factor
7<> *cute effects of Ioni/ing Radiation do not includeG a) Leu'emia b) *nemia c) S'in "esquamation d) +ulmonar# &edema e) .omitting 230. Primary stage of #yphilis is best diagnosed by: a) ."RL Test b) R+R Test c) -idal Test d) Smear seen under dar' ground illumination e) T+H* 234. 6ranuloma ormation is not a feature of: a) Tuberculoid Le!ros# b) Sarcoidosis c) Sc%istosoma manson infection d) Tuberculosis e) Cerebral Malaria 2%5. Pathological effects of #hoc do not include: a) astric =lceration b) ">I>C> c) *cute Renal Tubular $ecrosis d) Metabolic *l'alosis e) *dult Res!irator# "istress S#ndrome 2%1. Peg#haped ;utchinsonEs Teeth) are characteristically seen in babies born to mothers suffering from: a) Mucosal Leis%maniasis b) S#!%ilis c) Sarcoidosis d) Intestinal Tuberculosis e) *I"S 2%2. n Amoebiasis: a) Cond#lomata Lata is a feature b) ranuloma Formulation is c%aracteristic c) T%e small intestine is alwa#s involved d) T%e !erianal s'in ma# be affected
e) T%ere is an intense infiltration in t%e lesions b# !ol#mor!%s 2%3. Conse$uences of 9ecrosis do not include: a) "#stro!%ic Calcification b) Resolution c) Inflammator# Reaction d) Fibrosis e) Increased Cellular n/#mes in t%e Blood 2%0. "etaplasia is most closely associated (ith: a) H#!ercalcemia b) $ecrosis c) C%ronic Irritation d) "iminis%ed Blood Su!!l# e) Increased -or'load 2%4. Chest Day of the 7ung from a patient suffering of sarcoidosis characteristically sho(s: a) *!ical Cavitation b) Lobar Consolidation c) "ilated Bronc%i d) Bilateral nlarged Hilar L#m!% $odes e) +leural T%ic'ening 2&5. Primary sites of Tuberculosis include all of the follo(ing except: a) S'in b) Lungs c) Bones d) Tonsils e) Intestine 2&1. The histology of a sarcoid lesion characteristically sho(s the follo(ing except: a) !it%eloid cells and Lang%ans9s iant Cells b) *steroid Bodies c) S%auman Bodies d) Caseous $ecrosis e) * Cuff of L#m!%oc#tes 2&%. The follo(ing are not features of the primary focus in pulmonary tuberculosis except: a) =suall# undergoes cavitation b) Commonl# occurs in t%e a!e( of t%e lung c) Ma# give rise to miliar# tuberculosis d) Is 'nown as *ssman9s Focus e) Is a common cause of %aemo!t#sis 2&&. =uring the early bacteraemic phase of Typhoid e*er diagnosis is established by: a) Blood Culture b) -idal Test c) Stool Culture d) =rine Culture e) +eritoneal Fluid Culture 2&,. Pulmonary 8edema does not occur in: a) Severe +neumonia b) =raemia c) Lung Fibrosis d) In%alation of To(ic Fumes e) Mitral Stenosis 2&4. The follo(ing are true of Amyloidosis except: a) It is li!id in nature
b) Causes S!lenomegal# c) Is a common cause of He!atic Failure d) "e!osited (tracellularl# e) Is a 'nown cause of $e!%rotic S#ndrome 2,5. n Amoebic 7i*er Abscess: a) T%ere is mar'ed neutro!%ilia b) T%e liver in not enlarged c) :aundice is a constant feature d) T%e left lobe is commonl# affected e) T%e !atient is afebrile 2,2. !enign Tumours: a) Commonl# Metastasi/e b) *re nca!sulated c) Have %#!erc%romatic nuclei d) Infiltrate surrounding tissue e) Commonl# recur after removal 2,%. The follo(ing cells are capable of regeneration except: a) $eurons b) He!atoc#tes c) Renal Tubular Cells d) Colonic Mucosal Cells 2,-. The sites of Primary Tuberculosis include: a) &eso!%agus b) Stomac% c) &ro!%ar#n( d) Ileocecal e) Bot% C and " 2,0. 8edema of Congesti*e eart ailure is due to: a) enerali/ed increase in venous !ressure b) Triggered rennin,angiotensin,aldosterone a(is c) Increased salt inta'e d) Bot% * and B e) Bot% B and C 2-5. The acti*ation of chemical procarcinogen re$uires acti*ation by: a) $euro!e!tidases b) "ismutases c) Collagenase d) +315 de!endent &(#genase e) *l'aline +%os!%otase 2-2. xposure to FB light (ill gi*e rise to (hich of the follo(ing tumours: a) He!atocellular Carcinoma b) Basal Cell Carcinoma c) Squamous Cell Carcinoma d) Bot% * and C e) Bot% B and C 2-3. 'ho of the follo(ing is more liely to de*elop #$uamous Cell Carcinoma of the #in: a) Sudanese b) $igerians c) 0en#ans d) Scandinavian living in imbabwe e) Bantu Sout% *frican
2-%. n Acute emopoetic #yndrome follo(ing oni/ing adiation there is: a) *nemia b) L#m!%o!enia c) T%romboc#to!enia d) Bot% B and C e) *ll of t%e *bove 2-,. 'hich of the follo(ing is most liely to de*elop sin cancer: a) Cler' T#!ist b) Laborator# Tec%nologist c) Heav# Truc' "river d) Radiolog# Tec%nologist e) Su!ermar'et Su!ervisor 2--. 'hich of the follo(ing is associated (ith 7euemiaEs and 7ymphomas: a) C#clo!%os!%amide b) C%lorame!%enicol c) C%loroquine d) Cigarette Smo'ing e) Heav# *lc%o%ol Consum!tion 2-4. epatomegaly and *ery high leuocytes are features of: a) .isceral Leis%maniasis b) Sc%istosomal He!atos!lenomegal# c) T#!%oid Fever d) (tra Intestinal *moebiasis e) Food +oisoning 205. 'hich of the follo(ing is a feature of Chemical Carcinogens: a) T%e# are Hetro!%ilic b) *m!%o!%ilic c) $eutro!%ilic d) $ucleo!%ilic e) Inactive C#toc%rome &(idase 201. #arcoidosis is characteri/ed by the follo(ing DCPT: a) *steroid Bodies b) Sc%uman Bodies c) Caseating ranuloma d) Lang%ans iant Cells e) Foreign Bod# iant Cell 203. ndi*iduals (ith #icle Cell Trait are resistant to "alaria because: a) T%e# %ave low %emoglobin b) *no!%eles mosquito does not bite t%em c) T%eir red blood cells sic'le w%en !arasiti/ed and are removed b# s!leen d) T%eir red blood cells contain anti!arasite antibodies e) $one of t%e *bove 204. #nail Trac Flcers are a feature of: a) Cutaneous Leis%maniasis b) T#!%oid Fever c) (tra Intestinal *moebiasis d) Secondar# S#!%ilis e) Sc%istosomal "ermatitis 241. 'hich of the follo(ing is not true about #yphilitic Primary Chancre: a) &ccurs commonl# on e(ternal genitalia b) Contains tre!onema !allidum s!iroecele
c) Has a dense !lasma cell infiltrate d) "oes not %eal s!ontaneousl# e) &ccurs < wee's after contact wit% an infected individual 24-. 'hich of the follo(ing is most affected by oni/ing adiation: a) 0idne# b) Liver c) Bone d) Bone Marrow e) Striated Muscle 240. 'hich of the follo(ing tissues is most affected by #arcoidosis: a) T%e Liver b) T%e 0idne#s c) T%e Lungs d) S'in e) Bone 351. oni/ing adiation has a maximum effect at: a) Hig% &(#gen Tension b) Low &(#gen Tension c) Hig% C&7 Tension d) Low C&7 Tension e) Hig% $itrogen Tension 353. 'hich of the follo(ing is an mmuneComplex =isease: a) R%eumatoid *rt%ritis b) Bronc%ial *st%ma c) C%ronic &steom#elitis d) *cute lomerulone!%ritis e) Secondar# Tuberculosis 35%. ibrosis follo(ing oni/ing adiation is due to: a) "irect "amage and $ecrosis to Tissue b) Stimulation of Fibroblast +roliferation b# C#to'ines c) Isc%aemia due to in;ur# of ndot%elial Cells d) Re!lacement of *tro!%ic +arenc%#mal Cells e) *ll of t%e *bove 35&. The illing of Parasites in 7eishmaniasis is mediated by: a) g,Interferon b) T$F,a c) IL,3 d) Bot% * and B e) Bot% * and C 35,. 'hich of the follo(ing in*ol*ed in pathogenesis of septic shoc: a) Bacterial -all Li!o!ol#sacc%arides b) IL,4 c) IL,@ d) *ll of t%e *bove e) $one of t%e *bove 354. 'hich of the follo(ing is associated (ith deposition of Amyloid A7: a) &steoart%ritis b) Intestinal Sc%istosomiasis c) Multi!le M#eloma d) S#stemic Lu!us r#t%ematous e) Cro%n9s "isease
315. 'hich of the follo(ing statements is not true about Fncon+ugated !ilirubin: a) It is +rotein Bound b) It is -ater Insoluble c) It is (creted in =rine d) Can cross t%e Blood,Brain Barrier e) It is increased in Hemol#tic *nemia 311. Post epatic Gaundice is characteri/ed by: a) +ale Stools b) *bsence of Bilirubinuria c) =ncon;ugated H#!erbilirubinemia d) Hematuria e) levated Serum Transaminases 312. Primary Tuberculosis is Characteri/ed by: a) Cavitation and Fibrosis b) Ma;orit# of !atients are *s#m!tomatic c) Hilar L#m!% $odes are not affected d) It is mainl# disease of adults e) Mainl# affects t%e a!e( of t%e lung 31&. Condyloma 7atum is seen in: a) Secondar# S#!%ilis b) (tra Intestinal *moebiasis c) Intestinal Sc%istosomiasis d) Sarcoidosis e) Secondar# TB 31,. 6ummas are seen in: a) Tertiar# S#!%ilis b) Intestinal *moebiasis c) Leis%maniasis d) Sarcoidosis e) Secondar# TB 310. #elect the incorrect statement. n the etiology of human carcinogenesis: a) Food com!onents ma# !la# a role b) "ietar# Fat is 'nown to initiate colon cancer c) Certain occu!ational e(!osures are 'nown ris' factors d) Consum!tion of mold# food is a ris' factor 314. All of the follo(ing are thought to be related to the capacity for tumor cells to in*ade except: a) laboration of T#!e I. Collagenase b) (!ression of Laminin Rece!tors c) Mitotic Rate d) +roduction of +roteases 325. 'hich of the follo(ing are characteristics of "alignant 9eoplasms: a) nca!sulation b) (!ansile rowt% c) Bot% * and B d) $eit%er * nor B 321. 'hich of the follo(ing is the best candidate as the origin of a "etastatic 9eoplasm in the 7i*er: a) Carcinoma in situ of t%e uterine cervi( b) *denocarcinoma of t%e cecum c) Renal Cell Carcinoma? rig%t 'idne# d) erm Cell $eo!lasm of t%e testis
e) Transitional Cell Carcinoma of t%e bladder 322. The most important en/yme system for the "etabolic Acti*ation of Chemical Carcinogens is: a) lutat%ione Reductase b) C#toc%rome,+315,de!endednt Monoo(#genases c) !o(ide H#drolase d) ="+,lucuronic *cid Transferase 323. The ability of a Chemical Carcinogen to induce cancer in an animal is influence by: a) "$* Re!air Ca!acit# of t%e *nimal b) *bilit# of t%e *nimal to "eto(if# t%e Carcinogen c) *bilit# of t%e *nimal to *ctivate t%e Carcinogen d) +resence of t%e Tumor +romoter e) *ll of t%e *bov 32%. 'hich factor;s) contribute;s) to selection of a fa*ored site of "etastatic =eposits for a Tumor: a) T%e +loid# of Tumor Cells b) Com!atibilit# of Cell Surface C%aracteristics of Tumor and t%e Rece!tor Tissue Site c) Bot% * and B d) $eit%er * nor B 32&. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a Tumor "arer: a) *F+ *lfa,Feto +rotein) b) C* Carcino mbr#onic *ntigen) c) +S* +rostale S!ecific *ntigen) d) *flato(in e) *CTH 32-. #nail Trac Flcers are a feature of: a) Intestinal *moebiasis b) Muco,cutaneous Leis%maniasis c) "ermal Sarcoidosis d) Secondar# S#!%ilis e) +ost,0ale *gar "ermal Leis%maniasis 320. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of #econdary #yphilis: a) -ides!read S'in Ras% b) enerali/ed L#m!%adeno!at%# c) Cond#loma Lata d) He!ar Lobatum e) *bundant S!iroc%aete 324. 'hich of the follo(ing is a 9on#pecific Test for #yphilis: a) ."RL test) b) -idal Test c) 0vein Test d) Mantou( Test e) Le!romin Test 331. #yphilis Transmission is: a) .enereal b) T%roug% +lacenta c) *ccidental Inoculation d) Bot% * and B e) *ll of t%e *bove 333. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of Primary Chanre of #yphilis: a) It is a %ard ver# !ainful nodule b) "evelo!s at a site of infection c) +ersists for wee's and %eals s!ontaneousl#
d) Leaves minimal scarring e) Contains man# s!iroc%aetes 33%. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a "alignant Tumor: a) Lung Hamartoma b) Liver He!atoma c) Brain lioma d) S'in Melanoma e) L#m!%oma 33&. Peg#haped ;utchinsonEs Teeth) are seen: a) Mucutaneous Leis%maniasis b) Secondar# S#!%ilis c) &ral Candida fungal) infection d) Congenital S#!%ilis e) umma of ingiva 33,. ormation of pitheloid Cells from "acrophages is induced by: a) IL,45 b) IL,3 c) C
3%4. The type of Amyloid associated (ith Chronic nflammation is: a) ** b) *L c) B7 *m#loid d) Transt%#refin e) B7 Microglobulin 3&5. Amyloid "aterial is deposited: a) Intracellularl# b) (tracellularl# c) In t%e 0idne# onl# d) Bot% * and B e) Bot% * and C 3&&. Fncon+ugated yperbilirubinemia can be found in all of the follo(ing except: a) Sic'le Cell *nemia b) .iral He!atitis c) Stone in t%e Common Bile "uct d) Malaria e) ilbert9s S#ndrome 3&,. n otor #yndrome: a) T%ere is decreased e(cretion of bilirubin b# t%e %e!atoc#tes b) "efective Con;ugation of Bilirubin c) T%e liver is !igmented d) T%ere is increased urobilinogen in urine e) $one of t%e *bove 3&-. The follo(ing are causes of #econdary mmunodeficiency except: a) Infection b) Malnutrition c) *ging d) "ieorge9s S#ndrome e) Radiot%era!# 3&0. Cellular mmunodeficiceny predisposes to all of the follo(ing except: a) .iral Infections b) +#ogenic Infections c) Fungal Infections d) TB e) Malignanc# 3,5. Plasma !ilirubin is: a) 1 =ncon;ugated b) 81 Con;ugated c) 81 =ncon;ugated d) Crosses t%e Blood Brain Barrier in *dults e) Is normall# filtered b# 'idne#s 3,2. #icle Cell Anemia mode of inheritance is: a) *utosomal "ominant b) *utosomal Recessive c) Se(,Lin'ed Recessive d) Random Mutation e) $one of t%e *bove 3,3. #icle Cell Anemia first presents as: a) *dult Life b) Birt%
c) Few Mont%s after Birt% d) +re $otail# e) *ll of t%e *bove 3,%. "orphologic changes in emolytic Anemia includes: a) Reticuloc#tosis b) Increased $amboblasts in t%e Bone Marrow c) Increased L#m!%oblasts in t%e Bone Marrow d) * and B e) B and C 3,&. Causes of "egaloblastic Anemia: a) B47 "eficienc# b) B6 "eficienc# c) Folate "eficienc# d) * and B e) B and C 3,,. Causes of ron =eficiency Anemia include all of the follo(ing except: a) +e!tic =lcers b) Hemorr%oids c) Low "ietar# Iron d) Intra,.ascular Hemol#sis e) Menorr%agia 3,-. The causes of Aplastic crisis in #icle Cell Anemia is usually: a) Infection b# Co(a'ie .irus b) Infection b# Mum!s .irus c) Infection b# Molania d) Infection of +aro .irus e) (%austion of r#t%ro!oiesis 3,0. The Causati*e Agent of 8steomyelitis in #icle Cell Anemia is: a) S%igelle b) Salmonella c) Sta!li aurevs d) Stre!tococci e) ,coli 3,4. n Cold Agglutinin emolytic Anemia the Antibodies are: a) Ig b) Ig M c) Ig * d) Ig e) Ig " 3-5. ypochromic "icrocytic !Cs are found in: a) Iron "eficienc# *nemia b) B47 "eficienc# c) Folate "eficienc# d) *nemia of C%ronic "isease e) Sic'le Cell *nemia 3-1. 7actating "others (ill most liely de*elop: a) Iron "eficienc# *nemia b) B47 "eficienc# c) Folate "eficienc# d) Hemol#tic *nemia
e) $one of t%e *bove 3-,. #omatostatin is: a) rowt% Hormone Releasing Hormone b) rowt% Hormone In%ibiting Hormone c) Insulin Li'e rowt% Factor,4 d) rowt% Hormone e) Corticotro!%ic Releasing Hormone 3--. The follo(ing stimulate 6ro(th ormone elease except: a) Slee! b) (ercise c) H#!ergl#cemia d) Ingestion of certain *mino *cids e) $one of t%e *bove 3-0. Prolactin elease is stimulated by the follo(ing except: a) Slee! b) TSH c) TRH d) Stress e) +regnanc# 3-4. # in "ales: a) Stimulates Testosterone Secretion b) In%ibits LH Secretion c) Stimulates S!ermotogenesis d) In%ibits Testosterone Secretion e) Is activated b# In%ibin 305. 7 is released by: a) *nterior +ituitar# b) +osterior +ituitar# c) H#!ot%alamus d) Cor!us Luteum e) raffion Follicles 301. arly eatures of Pituitary ailure include: a) TSH "eficienc# b) rowt% Hormone "eficienc# c) T%#ro(ine "eficienc# d) Cortisol "eficienc# e) *CTH "eficienc# 302. xcess 6ro(th ormone in Adults causes: a) iantisim b) *cromegall# c) "warfism d) H#!ogl#cemia e) Has $o ffects 303. xcessi*e 6ro(th ormone leads to the follo(ing except: a) (cessive Sweating b) reas# S'in c) *cne d) "ecreased Head Circumference e) "iabetes Mellitus 30%. Physiological yperprolactinemia can be caused by the follo(ing except: a) Stress
b) Slee! c) Suc'ling d) +rolactinoma e) +regnanc# 30&. =iabetes nsipidus is: a) (cessive *"H b) "eficient *"H c) (cessive Insulin d) "eficient Insulin e) $one of t%e *bove 30,. The follo(ing cause Polyuria and Polydypsia except: a) Head In;ur# b) Head Surger# c) H#!ocalcemia d) H#!o'alemia e) C%ronic Renal Failure 30-. The main source of Androgens in males is: a) *drenal Corte( b) *drenal Medulla c) Testis d) *nterior +ituitar# e) Su!ra Renal land 300. The test for in*estigation of Adrenal ypofunction is: a) Low "ose "e(o Met%asone Test b) S#nact%en Test c) Insulin Test d) lucose Tolerance Test e) $one of t%e *bove 304. n AddisonEs =isease: a) H#!ertension b) ain of -eig%t c) Bruises d) H#!er!igmentation e) H#!ergl#cemia 345. Causes of #econdary Adrenal ypofunction: a) *utociuvene *drenalitis b) T>B of *drenals c) *drenal ctom# d) +ituitar# Tumors e) Meningo,Coccal Se!ticemia 341. Concerning AddisonEs =isease: a) T%ere ma# be H#!otension b) +lasma Renin is low c) T%ere is H#!onatremia d) * and B e) * and C 343. Acti*e yperaemia of acute inflammation occurs in response of: a) Histamine b) Interleu'in I c) +rostac#clin d) Leu'otriene B3
e) Selectins 34%. 'hich of the follo(ing is a ormone #ecreting Tumor@ a) Breast Carcinoma b) Carcinoma of t%e +ancreas c) Fibroadenoma of t%e Breast d) Bronc%ogenic Carcinoma e) Carcinoma of t%e Cervi( =teri 34,. 'hich of the follo(ing is a complication of Cardiogenic #hoc: a) C%ronic +#elone!%ritis b) *cute Tubular $ecrosis c) $odular lomerulosclerosis d) Renal .ein T%rombosis e) Ra!idl# +rogressive lomerulone!%ritis 340. 'hich of the follo(ing is most liely to be found in a 35 year old female (ho has #7: a) Severe *t%erosclerosis b) lomerular Immune "e!osits c) *m#loid "e!osition d) .ascular C%ronic Inflammation e) *nti,lomerular Basement Membrane *ntibod# 344. 'hich of the follo(ing is a cause of 7ymphopenia: a) Iron "eficienc# b) HI. Infection c) S!lenectom# d) Rubella Infection e) Tissue $ecrosis %51. The secretion of Parathyroid ormone is controlled by the concentration of: a) (tracellular Ioni/ed Calcium b) Calcium bound to Citrate c) Calcium bound to +lasma +roteins d) Calcium inside t%e Bone Matri( e) $one of t%e *bove %53. 'hich of the follo(ing is not true about PostPrimary Pulmonary T!: a) +atient %as H#!ersensitivit# to Bacterial *ntigen b) Infection ma# be ndogenous of (ogenous c) Hilar L#m!% $odes are significantl# enlarged d) =suall# located in =!!er Lobe e) =suall# Cavitating %5&. The follo(ing are common features of Anemia due to Bitamin !12 and olic Acid =eficiency except: a) &val Macroc#tosis in t%e +eri!%eral Blood b) r#t%eroid H#!er!lasia in t%e Bone Marrow c) H#!oc%romia d) H#!ersegmented $eutro!%ils in t%e +eri!%eral Blood e) Mas'ing of t%e Macroc#tic Blood *!!earance if concomitant iron deficienc# e(ists %5,. =eposition of Amyloid causes tissue in+ury by: a) Releasing a .asoactive Substance b) Inducing a Cell,Mediated Res!onse c) Releasing To(ic Substance d) Causes +ressure *tro!%# on *d;acent Tissues e) Stimulating an *cute Inflammator# Res!onse
%5-. Type AA Amyloid is seen in the follo(ing conditions except: a) Bronc%iectasis b) Renal Cell Carcinoma c) Hodg'ins "isease d) Multi!le M#eloma e) R%eumatoid *rt%ritis %54. 'hich of the follo(ing is not true about #econdary #yphilis: a) &ccurs a few #ears after +rimar# Infection b) enerali/ed L#m!%adeno!at%# c) Snail Trac' =lcers d) Con#lomata Lata e) enerali/ed S'in Ras% %15. The follo(ing statements are features of ereditary #pherocytosis except: a) Hemol#tic Crisis ma# be !reci!itated b# Intercurrent Infection b) T%e &smotic Fragilit# of t%e Red Cells is usuall# abnormal c) S!%eroc#tes are usuall# detectable in t%e !eri!%eral blood at birt% d) Clinical Remission following S!lenectom# is due to a mar'ed reduction in t%e number of circulating s!%eroc#tes e) S!lenectom# in c%ildren is accom!anied b# an increased ris' of severe infection %11. Almost all the Thyroid ormone entering the circulation is in the form of: a) Triiodot%#ronine b) T%#ro(ine c) T%#roglobulin d) T%#rotro!in e) $one of t%e *bove %1%. n Analgesic Abuse 9ephropathy Papillary =amage is due to: a) "irect To(ic effects of Metabolites b) Formation of Metabolite de!osits in Tubules c) Isc%emic ffect of *s!irin d) Bot% * 2 B e) Bot% * 2 C %1&. The follo(ing are features of #icle Cell =isease except: a) T%e abnormal Hemoglobin is HbS b) T%e S!leen is usuall# enlarged in adults c) T%e !ainful crisis is due to Isc%emia d) +igment all Stone Formation is a Com!lication e) *vascular $ecrosis of t%e Head of t%e Femur occurs %1,. 'hich of the follo(ing properties of #icle Cells protect #iclers against "alaria: a) "ecreased available &(#gen b) Faster clearance of cells b# S!leen c) Low Intracellular !H d) *ll of t%e *bove e) $one of t%e *bove %1-. 'hich cell in the Central 9er*ous #ystem is predominantly infected in B: a) *stroc#te b) &ligodendroc#tes c) $eurons d) !end#mal Cells e) Microglia %23. Amyloid deposits in the idney is a cause of:
a) $e!%ritic S#ndrome b) Interstitial $e!%ritis c) +#one!%rosis d) $e!%rotic S#ndrome e) *cute Tubular $ecrosis %2%. 'hich of the follo(ing findings is most liely in Acromegally: a) Hig% +lasma Levels of Somatomedins b) "ecreased Blood lucose c) "ecreased +rotein S#nt%esis d) "ecreased rowt% of t%e Bones in t%e Feet e) Small :aw %2,. ypochromic "icrocytic !Cs are seen in: a) C%ronic Blood Loss b) Liver "isease c) Folic *cid "eficienc# d) *!lastic *nemia e) +ernicious *nemia %24. The basic effects of 6ro(th ormone on !ody "etabolism include: a) "ecreasing t%e rate of +rotein S#nt%esis b) Increasing t%e rate of use of CH& c) Increasing t%e use of fats for energ# d) "ecreasing t%e mobili/ation of fats e) $one of t%e *bove %31. The follo(ing are features of 6,P= =eficiency except: a) Females commonl# %ave clinical s#m!toms b) Hemol#sis !reci!itated b# &(idant "rug c) $eonatal :aundice is common d) Favism ma# !roduce +rofound *nemia e) Infection can !reci!itate Hemol#sis %31. 'hich of the follo(ing is a #pecific Test for =iagnosis of #yphilis: a) Ra!id +lasma Reagim R+R) b) ."RL .enereal "isease Researc% Laborator#) c) -idal Test d) Mantou( Test e) T+H* Tre!onema +allidum Hemagglutination *ssa#) %3&. 'hich of the follo(ing stimulates "il Production from the !reast: a) &(#tocin b) +rolactin c) &estrogen d) "o!amine e) rowt% Hormone %%5. The acti*e form of Bitamin = is: a) Calcitonin b) 4?71, "i%#dro(#c%olecalciferol c) 71, H#dro(#c%olecalciferol d) +arat%#roid Hormone e) $one of t%e *bove %%&. 6lucagon: a) Is secreted b# t%e Beta Cells of Langer%ans b) Is secreted b# t%e amma Cells of Islets of Lang er%ans c) Hel!s correcting H#!ergl#cemia
d) +romotes l#cogen Storage e) "ecreases luconeogenesis %%0. !locage of the ypothalamicypophyseal Benous Portal Circulation (ould be expected to cause increased secretion of: a) rowt% Hormone b) T%#roid Stimulating Hormone c) *CTH d) +rolactin e) FSH %%4. 'hich of the follo(ing is the most significant indicator of "alignancy: a) H#!erc%romatism b) +leomor!%ism c) Increased Mitotic *ctivit# d) Metastasis e) Loss of +olarit# %&1. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a Tumor "arer: a) *CTH b) C* Carcino mbr#onic *ntigen) c) *F+ *lfa Feto!rotein) d) *lfato(in e) C%orionic onadotro!%in %&2. ron =eficiency Anemia is associated (ith the follo(ing except: a) Raised Total Iron Ca!acit# b) * +ositive +erl9s Reaction in t%e Bone Marrow c) H#!oc%romic Microc#tic RBCs d) Hoo',-orm Infestation e) Increased +ercentage Saturation Ratio %&3. 'hich of the follo(ing is not a feature of #icle Cell Anemia: a) *utos!lenectom# occur b) In%eritance is Se(,Lin'ed c) +igmented all Stone Formation is a Com!lication d) +resentation at 6 mont%s of age e) * .ascular $ecrosis of t%e Head of t%e Femur occur %&%. The follo(ing are causes of ed !lood "acrocytosis except: a) Liver "isease b) .itamin B47 "isease c) Sideroblastic *nemia d) Renal Failure e) Hemol#sis %&&. Pancytopenia occurs in the follo(ing except: a) Severe Megaloblastic *nemia b) .isceral Leis%maniasis c) H#!ers!lenism d) *!lastic *nemia e) Severe Hemol#sis %&,. n Chronic 7ymphocytic 7euemia the follo(ing are true except: a) L#m!%oc#tosis is a feature b) T%ere is L#m!%adeno!at%# c) *utoimmune Hemol#tic *nemia in a Com!lication d) *nemia is a late !resenting feature e) !H,C%romosomal *bnormalit# is "iagnostic
%&-. The follo(ing are true in emophilia except: a) T%ere is a !rolong a+TT b) S'in Hemorr%age is t%e commonest !resentation c) C#ro!reci!itate is used for treatment d) *utobodies to Factor .III form in some !atients e) T%e severit# of t%e disease correlates wit% t%e factor level %&0. 'hich of the follo(ing is not true about !eta Thalessemia "a+or: a) Causes %ig% level of Hb F b) Causes Red Cell H#!oc%romic c) Rarel# required Blood Transfusion d) Is associated wit% (tramedullar# Hemo!oiesis e) Causes S!lenomegal# %&4. 'hich of the follo(ing is true about #tem Cells: a) T%e# are ca!able of Self,Renewal b) T%e# are found in t%e Basal La#er of t%e S'in c) T%eir +roliferation of Self,Initation d) T%e# !roduce a Single Cell e) T%e# are resistant to Ioni/ing Radiation %,5. Complication of !lood Transfusion include all of the follo(ing except: a) Se!ticemia b) Fat mbolism c) He!atitis C Infection d) Circulator# &ver Load e) =rticaria %,1. 'hich of the follo(ing is a feature of Chronic "yeloid 7euemia: a) T%romboc#to!enia is a common feature b) Baso!%ilia is a feature c) L#m!%adeno!at%# is commonl# seen d) T%ere is T%romboc#tosis e) Bone Marrow (amination is essential for diagnosis %,2. 'hich of the follo(ing are characteristics of "egaloblastic Anemia: a) +anc#to!enias b) iant Metam#eloc#tes in t%e Bone Marrow c) Hig% MC. and MCH d) Hig% Level of Bilirubin e) Microc#tic H#!oc%romic RBC %,3. The follo(ing features are true in Bon 'ilbrand =isease except: a) In%eritance is Se(,Lin'ed b) T%e Bleeding Time is !rolonged c) T%ere is "efective +latelets *d%esion d) T%e +TT is !rolonged e) T%e +atient is $ormal %,%. The follo(ing are features of emolytic Anemia except: a) Serum Bilirubin is Hig% b) Reticuloc#te Count is Hig% c) $eocleated RBC in +eri!%eral Blood Film d) +ol#c%romasia is common e) =rine Bilirubin is detected %,&. The follo(ing are yperglycemic except: a) Cortisol b) H
c) *drenaline d) Insulin e) lucagon %,,. n =iabetic Hetoacidosis: a) Blood lucose is Hig% b) Blood lucose is Low c) 0etone Bodies are Hig% d) * and C e) B and C %,-. 6TT is for the diagnosis of: a) ver# case of "iabetes b) Follow =! of "iabetes c) T#!e I "iabetes d) T#!e II "iabetes e) $one of t%e *bove %,0. n xcess !ody 'ater there is: a) H#!ertension b) dema c) Confusion d) H#!otension e) $one of t%e *bove %,4. 6lycoseloted b gi*es an idea about 6lycemic Control in the last: a) 4 Mont% b) 7 Mont%s c) < Mont%s d) 4 Aear e) *ll of t%e *bove %-5. Type =iabetes "ellitus is characteri/ed by the follo(ing except: a) *bsolute Insulin "eficienc# b) *uto *ntibodies c) "0* d) H#!erosmolar Coma e) $one of t%e *bove %-&. ypoalemia may be caused by each of the follo(ing except: a) *cidosis b) +rolonged .omiting c) "iarr%ea d) H#!eraldosteronism e) "ecreased Inta'e %-,. yperalemia may be caused by each of the follo(ing except: a) Renal Failure b) H#!oaldosteroinism c) *l'alosis d) Sam!le Hemol#sis e) $one of t%e *bove %--. n Primary yperparathyroidism: a) Ca7D is increased? +&37, increased b) Ca7D is decreased? +&37, decreased c) Ca7D is increased? +&37, decreased d) Ca7D is decreased? +&37, increased e) Ca7D is normal? +&37, normal
