MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA FAKULTI FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN MEKANIKAL ME KANIKAL
Program Kursus Kod Kursus Pensyarah
: : : :
Bachelor Of Engineering ( Hons ) Mechanical Thermalfluids lab MEC 554 ENCIK MOHD !H"I # MOHD "OD!I
Laboratory Report Title
PERFORMANCE OF PMP!
No
Names
UiTM No.
1.
Usmar Aiman !in A"#ar
$%1&'(%1''
$.
A#ma) Na*ui+u))in !in Rasi)
$%1&,%$-(,
&.
A#ma) Almi"an !in #e Omar
$%1&$-'/1'
'.
Aimi 0in E"ani
$%1&$1$-1$
-.
A#ma) ani22 ilmu))in !in Mo#) Na3i
$essi mali
:
$%1&$4'/',
Pengesahan $%af : (Tarikh)
Penyerahan &a'oran :
(T. Tangan) Pengesahan $%af :
(Tarikh)
1
Signature
(T. Tangan)
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
Contents Table of Figures...............................................................................................................................3 1.0 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................4 1.1 Pump......................................................................................................................................4 1.2 Cenrifugal pump...................................................................................................................4 2.0 O!"#CTI$#..............................................................................................................................% 3.0 T&#OR#TIC'( !'C)*ROUND...........................................................................................+ 4.0 PROC#DUR#............................................................................................................................, 4.1 'PP'R'TU-........................................................................................................................., ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................................................... 4.2 #/P#RI#NT'( PROC#DUR#........................................................................................ 4.2.1 Preliminaries................................................................................................................... 4.2.2 'ual #perimen.......................................................................................................... %.0 D'T' 'N'(-I-............................................................................................ .......................10 %.1 D'T' T'!U('TION 'ND R#-U(T 'N'(-I-............................................................ 10 %.1.1 T#-T 1..........................................................................................................................10 %.1.2 T#-T 2..........................................................................................................................11 %.1.3 T#-T 3..........................................................................................................................12 %.2 -'P(# C'(CU('TION.................................................................................................13 +.0 DI-CU--ION..........................................................................................................................14 ,.0 CONC(U-ION........................................................................................................................1% .0 R#F#R#NC#-........................................................................................................................1+
2
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
Table of Figures Figure 1 5 !asi elemen of enrifugal Pump.................................................................................4 Figure 2 5 ross seion of Cenrifugal pump...................................................................................% Figure 3 5 #perimenal arrangemen for pump performane 6araerisi...................................+ Figure 4 5 7aer8flo9 ben6 an: enrifugal pump........................................................................., Figure % 5 T6e insrumenal panel...................................................................................................., Figure + 5 ; $ < no6 9eir.............................................................................................................., Figure , 5 *rap6 of #ffiien= >?@ A &ea: pump>m@A !raBe &orsepo9er>B7@ s $olume Flo9 Rae>m3s@ for Tes 1........................................................................................................................ Figure 5 *rap6 of #ffiien= >?@ A &ea: pump>m@A !raBe &orsepo9er>B7@ s $olume Flo9 Rae>m3s@ for Tes 2......................................................................................................................10 Figure 5 *rap6 of #ffiien= >?@ A &ea: pump>m@A !raBe &orsepo9er>B7@ s $olume Flo9 Rae>m3s@ for Tes 3......................................................................................................................11
Table 1 5 Daa for es 1.................................................................................................................... Table 2 5 Daa For es 2.................................................................................................................10 Table 3 5 Daa for es 3..................................................................................................................11
1.0 INTRODUCTION
3
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
1.1 Pump ' pump is a :eie use: o moe gasesA liEui:s or slurries. ' pump moes liEui:s or gases from lo9er pressure o 6ig6er pressureA an: oeromes 6is :ifferene in pressure b= a::ing energ= o 6e s=sem >su6 as a 9aer s=sem@. ' gas pump is generall= alle: a ompressorA eep in er= lo9 pressure8rise appliaionsA su6 as in 6eaingA enilaingA an: air8on:iioningA 96ere 6e operaie eEuipmen onsiss of fans or blo9ers.
1.2 Centrifugal pump ' enrifugal pump is a ro :=nami pump 6a uses a roaing impeller o inrease 6e eloi= of a flui:. Cenrifugal pumps are ommonl= use: o moe liEui:s 6roug6 a piping s=sem. T6e flui: eners 6e pump impeller along or near o 6e roaing ais an: is aelerae: b= 6e impellerA flo9ing ra:iall= ou9ar: ino a :iffuser or olue 6amberA from 96ere i eis ino 6e :o9nsream piping s=sem. Cenrifugal pumps are use: for large :is6arge 6roug6 smaller 6ea:s.
Fig"re # $ Basic ele%ent of centrif"gal P"%p
2.0 OB!CTI"! 4
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
To obain performane 6araerisis for a ariable spee: enrifugal pump operaing a 3 :ifferen impeller spee:s. Performane 6araerisis of pump5
8 8 8 8
Pressure >6ea:@ ump Po9er reEuiremen Flo9 rae influene Pump spee: influene
#.0 T$!OR!TIC%& B%C'(ROUND The centrifug! "u#" h$ t%& #in c&#"&nent$: n i#"e!!er ttche' t& r&tting $hft n' $tti&nr( c$ing &r h&u$ing enc!&$ing the i#"e!!er) The *$ic e!e#ent$ &f centrifug! "u#" re $h&%n *e!&%)
Fig"re & $ cross section of Centrif"gal p"%p
Energ( i$ ''e' t& the +ui' *( the r&tting *!'e$ n' *&th "re$$ure n' *$&!ute ,e!&cit( re incre$e' $ the +ui' +&%$ fr&# the e(e t& "eri"her( &f int& the *!'e$) The -inetic energ( i$ c&n,erte' int& further incre$e in "re$$ure $ the +ui' +&%$ fr&# the i#"e!!er int& the c$ing enc!&$ing the i#"e!!er) Due t& the gener! c&#"!e.it( &f +&% thr&ugh centrifug! "u#"/ the ctu! "erf&r#nce &f the "u#" cnn&t *e "re'icte' &n c&#"!ete!( the&retic! *$i$) Actu! "u#" "erf&r#nce i$ 'eter#ine' e."eri#ent!!( thr&ugh te$t$ &n the "u#" n' the re$u!t$ re "re$ente' $ "u#" "erf&r#nce$ cur,e$) C&n$i'er the e."eri#ent! rrnge#ent f&r 'eter#ining the he' ri$e gine' *( the +ui' +&%ing thr&ugh "u#"/ $ $h&%n in 0gure 1 *e!&%) %
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
Fig"re ' $ Eperi%ental arrange%ent for p"%p perfor%ance characteristic
The "u#" he' ri$e cn *e c!cu!te' *( u$ing the energ( e2uti&n h3 "3 6 "78 9 g ; <3 6<78 ; =33 6 =73 8 9 3g The 'i>erence$ in e!e,ti&n n' ,e!&citie$ *et%een in!et n' &ut!et8 re $& $#!! $& tht h" "3 6 "78 9 g The "&%er/ Pf gine' *( the +ui' i$ gi,en *( the e2uti&n Pf g?h" The "u#" &,er!! efficienc(/ @ i$ the rti& &f "&%er ctu!!( gine' *( the +ui' t& the $hft "&%er $u""!ie' $hft $ gi,en *( the e2uti&n @ Pf 9 $hft here the $hft i$ the $hft "&%er/ i$ the "r&'uct &f T&r2ue ""!ie' t& the $hft n' the ngu!r ,e!&cit( ) $hft T$hft here 2 πN
+
60
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
).0 PROC!DUR! ).1 %PP%R%TU*
Fig"re * $ +ater,flo- bench an. centrif"gal p"%p
Fig"re / $ 0he instr"%ental panel
,
Fig"re 1 $ 2 3 4 notch -eir
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
).2 !+P!RI,!NT%& PROC!DUR!
).2.1 Preliminaries i ii
-u:ens 6a: been a:eEuael= superise:. T6e :is6arge an: suion ales 9as urne: o full= open an: 6e moor spee:
iii
onrol 9as se o Gero. T6e elerial suppl= an: moor :rie 9ere s9i6e: on. T6e moor onrol Bnob slo9l= a:use: o aroun: 6alf 9a= posiion. T6e s=sem 9as ensure: free from leaBing. T6e moor spee: 9as re:ue: baB o Gero.
).2.2 %-tual !periment i
T6e suion ale 9as opene: an: 6e :is6arge ale 9as lose:. T6e maimum
ii
pump spee: N 1 b= a:using spee: onrol o 100?. Dis6arge ale 9as full= opene: an: 6e 9aer 9as allo9e: o irulae. T6e olume
iii
of flo9 9as in:iae: an: 6e suiable inremen in flo9 9as :ei:e:. T6e :is6arge ale 9as lose:. T6e rea:ing 9as aBen 96en all measuremens 9ere
i
sea:=. T6e :is6arge ale 9as slig6l= opene:A o gie 6e firs inremen in olume flo9. -ep i@ 9as repeae:. T6e final measuremens orrespon:ing o 6e ale being full=
i
opene:. T6e enire eperimen a pump spee: 9as repeae: orrespon: o spee: onrol posiion of ,%? an: %0?.
/.0 D%T% %N%&*I* /.1 D%T% T%BU&%TION %ND R!*U&T %N%&*I* /.1.1 T!*T 1
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
PUP -P##DA N H 143 rpm ω H 1%0.+ ra:s 0able # $ 5ata for test #
INPUT
OUTPUT
-6af Po9er
9aer 6eig6A mm
TorEueA T >Nm@ B7
0
0.+
%0
1
+1
1.1
+%
1.2
+
1.3
,3
1.4
,%
1.4
,,
1.4
0.0 0.1 % 0.1 , 0.1 0.2 0 0.2 1 0.2 1 0.2 1
$olume Flo9 Rae
&p >100? @
lmi n
0.12
0
0.20
%0
0.22
0
0.24
0
0.2+
10%
0.2
12%
0.2
130
0.2
140
m3s 0.000 0 0.000 0.001 3 0.001 % 0.001 0.002 1 0.002 2 0.002 3
#ffiien=
Dis6arge PressureA
Inle PressureA
p1
p2
9aer 6ea:A6 >m@>100?@
oupu po9erA 7a
62 o
Nm2
psi
Nm2
0.2
1+1.33
. %
%+0%.4+
%.,,
0.00
0.00
0.1
0.+,
%%1%.0
%.%2
4%.1%
2.+
0
0.00
,
42+3.32
4.2
+4.3%
3.2
80.1
80.+,
+
413+.%+
4.32
+3.%2
3%.13
80.2
81+1.33
%
344,3.0
3.,1
+3.,+
32.%%
80.4
8322.++
4
2,%,.04
3.21
+%.+3
31.11
80.%
8403.33
3
20+4.2
2.+1
%%.44
2+.2
80.,
8++4.++
2
13,.%2
2.11
4.1
22.4
T!*T 1
ECcienc( He' "u#" ECcienc(5D8 / He' "u#"5#8/ Br-e H&r$e"& %er5-A8 Br-e H&r$e"&%er
,&!u#e+&%rte/5#19$8
Fig"re 6 $ 7raph of Efficiency (8) 9 Hea. p"%p(%)9 Bra:e Horsepo-er( :+) ;s 3ol"%e Flo- Rate(% '
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
/.1.2 T!*T 2
PUP -P##DA N H 21, rpm
ω H 22.0 ra:s 0able & $ 5ata For test &
INPUT 9aer 6eig6A mm
OUTPUT TorEueA T >Nm@
-6af Po9er
B7
$olume Flo9 Rae
m3s
&p >100? @
lmi n
)14
)4
5
) ) 7
#ffiien = Inle PressureA
p1 62 o
7)7
3)7
)3 5 )4 G
1
3)4
)5 5
)1
735
) 37
J)3
G
3)
)5
)G
745
) 34
J)
G7
3)
) 3
)G1
7
) 3
J7
G4
3)G
) 4
)G
75
) 3
J7)3
G
3)
)
)G
7
) 13
J7)4
G
1
) G
)3
3
) 11
J7)
10
Dis6arge PressureA
p2 Nm2
)7
G)
) J 77)1 1 J G4) J G) 5 J 77) G J 713) 17 J 77) 17
psi
9aer 6ea:A6 >m@>100?@
oupu po9erA 7a
71) 73)5
) 7) 5
47)1
Nm2
3 7 G
71G5) 3 73475) G
7
7717) 7
77)45
311) 7
43)1
7 4
53) 4
7)54
34) G
43)71
7 3
G31)7 3
)41
34) G
4)
7
G4)
G)31
315) 43
1)G
G
5575G) G
)3
37G) 74
13)G
471G)5
5)3
71) 4
3G)3
)
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
T!*T 2
eCcienc( He' "u#" ECcienc(5D8 / He' "u#"5#8/ Br-e H&r$e"&%er5-A8 Br-e H&r$e"&%er
=&!u#e +&%rte5#19$8
Fig"re = $ 7raph of Efficiency (8) 9 Hea. p"%p(%)9 Bra:e Horsepo-er( :+) ;s 3ol"%e Flo- Rate(% '
/.1.# T!*T #
PUP -P##DA N H 24% rpm
ω H 30.4 ra:s 0able ' $ 5ata for test '
INPUT 9aer 6eig6A mm
OUTPUT TorEueA T >Nm@
-6af Po9er
B7
&p >100? @
$olume Flo9 Rae
lmi n
m3s
#ffiien = Inle PressureA
p1 62 o
7)G
)5
5
1)5
7) G
7)45
71
) 33
J)1
G1
1)
7)3
7)7
7
) 3G
J)
G
4)3
7)1
7)4
3
) 11
J7)1
11
)4
)
)7
Dis6arge PressureA
p2 Nm2
G) J 343) J GG35) J 734G) 5
psi
9aer 6ea:A6 >m@>100?@
oupu po9erA 7a
Nm2
1
34G377) 1
35)3
)
)
1 1
3353) G
31)4
4) 15
4)3
1
3G43) G
37)G
77)
5)G7
3
7G75G) 53
3)3G
1) 1
57)7
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
4)4
7)1
4
4)5
7)1
4)
4)G
3
375
) 1
7)G
315
) 1
J3
7)4 3
7)
345
) 47
J3)5
7)4 G
7)
3
) 41
J3)G
7)G3
J7)G
J 757) J 771) 1 J 3457) 1 J 345G) 3
3 4
7544) 34
7G)
5) 3
4G)1
3 7
744G)
7)
41) 7
4)4
7 G
73475) G
75)75
) GG
43)G
7 5
71437) 4
71)14
5) 75
1G)17
T!*T #
eCcienc( He' "u#" ECcienc(5D8 / He' "u#"5#8/ Br-e H& r$e"&%er5-A8 Br-e H&r$e"&%er
=&!u#e +&% rte5# 19$8
Fig"re > $ 7raph of Efficiency (8) 9 Hea. p"%p(%)9 Bra:e Horsepo-er( :+) ;s 3ol"%e Flo- Rate(% '
/.2 *%,P&! C%&CU&%TION 0a:e the .ata no & of test # as an ea%ple9 N ? #*'> rp%
ω=
2 πN 60
(
2 π × 1439
?
60
? #/@1> ra.
12
)
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
W shaft =T ω 1 × 150.69
?
¿
150.
+ ra:s
TaBing 9aer 6eig6 H %0 mm
´ 7e go 6e alue of olume flo9 raeA Q H %0 (min from 6e C'(I!R'TION CUR$#
´ Q H%0 (min H
/s
h p
7aer 6ea:A h p =
−4 3 8.33 10 m
p2− p1 ρg
(55158.056 − 980.665) ¿ (1000 × 9.81 ) ¿ 5.5227 m
Oupu po9erA
Pf
Pf = ρg ´Qh p
¿ ( 1000 ) × ( 9.81 ) × ( 8.33 × 10− ) ×(5.5227 ) 4
¿ 45.13 Watt
#ffiien= A
=
ƞ
p f W shaft
ƞ
× 100
(45.13 ) ¿ × 100 150.69
¿ 29.9
13
90 °
$## NOTC&
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
.0 DI*CU**IO N 14
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
.0 CONC&U*ION 's a onlusionA 9e an sa= 6e resul for Tes 35 Pump -pee: H 24% rpm a 100? an: Tes 25 Pump -pee: H 21, rpm a ,%? are beer 6an Tes 15 Pump -pee: H 143 rpm a %0?. Is mean 6a 6e bes performane of 6e pumps is 96en i operaes a spee: be9een 143 rpm unil 21, rpm an: 6e effiien= be9een %0? an: ,%?. From 6e eperimenA 9e an onlu:e 6a 6e bes performane of 6is enrifugal pump o operae is a spee: N1 H 24% rpm an: flo9 raeA be9een 6e range of 0 o 3 >mJs@ 108J.
!= :oing 6is eperimen alsoA all 6e 6araerisis of 6is pump 96i6 is effiien=A breaB 6orsepo9er an: 6e 6ea: an be :efine: b= using a :ifferen spee: of pumpA an: 6us 6e obeie of 6is eperimen is a6iee: alrea:=. T6erefore i an be aepable in or:er o :efine an= enrifugal pump 6araerisis.
I also an be sai: 6a 6e main obeies of 6is eperimen 6ae been a6iee: suessfull=. 7e an also :eermine all 6e parameers reEuire:. &o9eerA i is o be noe: 6aA some of 6e alue of rea:ings obaine: ma= be inaurae :ue o erain errors 6a ourre: :uring 6e eperimen su6 as paralla error an: 6uman error. e i sill lea:s an: pro:ue: 6e epee: resuls aor:ingl= an: as reEuire:.
's a onlusionA 96a I ge 6ere is 6a I Bno9 96a a enrifugal pump is an: 6o9 i funions. I also ge Bno9le:ge on 6e performane 6araerisis 96i6 are er= useful for me as a fuure me6anial engineer in or:er for me o sele an appropriae pump for seeral
1%
MEC 554 THERMOFLUIDS LAB: PERFORMANCE OF PUMPS
operaionsA 96i6 :epen:s largel= on 6e braBe 6orsepo9erA 6e effiien=A an: also 6e pump 6ea: aries 9i6 6e apai= or 6e flo9rae. 'll 6ese nee: o be onsi:ere: in seleing an i:eal pump.
3.0 R!F!R!NC!* 1. Frank M. WhiteA Flui: e6anisA %6 #:iionA *ra9 &illA Ne9 orBA U-'A 2003. 2. Bruce R. Munson, Donald F. Young, Theodore H. OkiishiA Fun:emenals of Flui: e6anisA %6 #:iionA "o6n 7ile= K -onsA 'siaA200+. 3. John F. Douglas, Janus M. !asiorek, John ". #$a%%ield A Flui: e6anisA 46 #:iionA Pearson Prenie &allA -olan:A 2001.
1+
