Physics 1999 P2

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SEC ECO O N  NDA DARY RY EDU EDUCA CATIO TION N CERTIF ERTIFIC ICA ATE EXAMINATION

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You MUST You MUST use use thi thiss answe answerr bo book okle lett wh when en respon respondi ding ng to the the ques questi tion ons. s. For  For  ea eacch que questi stion, on, wr ite ite your yo ur an answ swer er in tthe he spac space pr prov ovid  id ed and   r etur n the ans nswe werr bo book okle lett at th thee end of  the examinatio amination n. ALL WORK ALL WORKIN ING G in calculation alculations. s.

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t.

The d ata in the tahle he low show how the pr essur e of  compressed  gas in a cylind er var ies with the total mass of the cylind er  of   gas.

(d )

Mass of cylind er of gas (mVkg

9. 9

to.2

1 0 . 8

1 1 . 4

1 1 . 8

12.3

Pr essur e, P, in cylilld er  x 10' Pa

1.5

2.7

5.0

7.3

8 . 9

1 0 . 9 -'•

When the pr essur e r eaches 12 X 10' Pa, the cyJind er  is consid ered full. Would it be possible to add mor e gas at this pr essur e? Why might this not be ad visable?

(f )

At a certain time, the pr essure of the gas is 7.8 X 1Q 5 Pa and its temper atur e is 24°C. What will be the new pr essur e if  the temper atur e of the cy 1 ind er  and  gas rises to 32°C? (Assume the cylind er  d oes not ex p
(g)

In terms of  the k inetic theor y of g;Jses, ex plain what causes the pr essure of a gas and why

the pr essur e of  a gas rises when its temper atur e

rises at a constant volume.

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12 em

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Figure a can.

J

  ahove r e pr esents a cross sect ion of a tahle k nife being used  to pr ise off  the lid of 

(h j

The k nif e when llsed  in this manner  acts as a sim ple machine. machine.

StMe the name of  the simple

(c)

On Figure 1, (i) ind icate the position of  the pivot, P, and  (ii)   draw an an-ow   to show the dir ection of  the for ce, F, which the k nife exer ts on the lid . ( 2 marks)

(e)

Calculate the magnitud e of  the force, F  ,  which the k nife exerts on the lid. (Ignore the mass of  the k nif e.)

The can exe,ts all upward  f orce at point, T'  ,  befor e the lid  moves?

(g)

011  the

knife. What is the value of this for ce just

Htlle force, F  , is too small to lift the lid ,   suggest   TWO changes you might make to increase the value of F.

A tr ansverse wave Oil the sur face of  a liq uid has a wavelength of  1.8 cm.   Explail1 wbat is meant by a tr ansver se wave ami the wOlJr lengr h of the wave.

A tr ansverse wave Oil the sur face of  a liq uid has a wavelength of  1.8 cm.   Explail1 wbat is meant by a tr ansver se wave ami the wOlJr lengr h of the wave.

( b)

Figure 2 below is a d is placement-time a bove.

t

Displacement

no

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gr a ph r e presenting

the wave described  in part (a)

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time/s

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(ii)

Fi

3

nd  3h b low

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fh

ikin

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fac

(ii)

Figur es 3a and  3h below ~how fhe same wave str iking a plane r eflecting ~ur face and incid ent on a ~m
Direction of travel

Direction of travel

J"i~ur e 4 below ~hows the smne \vave a p proaching the ga p which has been incr eased to f ive times its original ,size. Complete Figure 4  to show the wave after  it has passed thr ough the ga p.

Direction o r tJ °a v e l --

--

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A velocity selector  is used  to se parate char ged par ticles and  consists of  two par allel metal  plates connected  to   a source of  e.m.L. as shown in Figure 5 helow.

Par 'lllel-I-

Met'll

Pl'ltes

1 c ~ _  _ J .

When the plates ar e connected . hecome charged . (ii

a cunenl of  !.5 A f lows f or  0.5 X 10'-6 s and the plates

On Figur'e 5. mark  the sign of  the char ge on EACH plate. Dr a w on the diagr am the electric field that r esuUs horn the char ged plates. ( 3 marks)

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Tec1metium (Tc) is  an artificial element which is used as a r adioactive tracer . In d eciding which radioac i\'e nuclid e to use, an im por tant consid er ation is the h(]lf ~l!r e of  the nuclid e,

(ii)

( b)

Would  an entir e sample have d ecayed  af ter two half -Ii ves? Gi ve a r eason f or  your  answer .

IIIord er

to find  the half -life of  technetium, all exper iment was c
24

tirne / hours

(ii)

(c)

R ad ium-226 has a half -l ife of 1600 year s. Using the axes in Figure 6  above, sketch a gra ph to show the var i'ltion of  mass with time of a sample   of 24 g of rad ium-226 over the same time per iod . ( 2  marks)

Technetium

emits only gamllla rays.

If   the isotope of technetiulll

used was :~Tc, write

the symhol f or the nucleus that is left when a gamma r ay has been emitted, and state the IlI1111her  of  pr otons and neulr ons in this nuclells.

(d )

Id entify a situation in which a r ad ioactive tr acer lJIay be used  and  state the   properties of a tr acer that would mak e it suita ble   for this use.