this gives a brief overview of structure of neurons with classification of nerves. It also explains the myelinogenesis and properties of the neurons. this helps in basic understanding of nerve phys...
MCQ
All question carry equal marks. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false on the left side of each stem 1. At res rest ad adequ equate ate ven venti tila lati tio on can can be mai maint ntai ain ned by a) external intercostal muscle. b) internal intercostal muscle. c) scatene. d) the diaphragm. e) stenocledomastoid. 2.
During inspiration a) intrapulmonary pressure falls. b) intrathoracic pressure pressure rises. c) intraabdominal pressure rises. d) intrapleural pressure falls. e) dead space volume falls.
3.
Oxyhaemo emoglobin dissocia ciatio tionb cur curve a) is linear in shape. b) shifted to the right in exercise. c) shifted to the right in PCO2. d) Shifted to the left in foetal Hb. e) has two parts.
4.
CO2 is carried in the blood a) as carboxyhaemoglobin. b) in physical physical solution in plasma. c) mainly in combination with Hb. d) in combination with plasma protein. e) mainly as bicarbonate.
5.
The su surfacta actan nt li lining ing th the lu lung al alveoli a) decreases surface tension of the alveolar fluid. b) decreases compliance of the lung. c) is a phospholiopoprotein phospholiopoprotein complex. d) when deficient results in respiratory distress distress in the adult. e) produced by type II alveolar cells.
6.
In normal lungs a) tidal volume is 500 ml. b) expiratory reserve volume is 1200 ml. c) residual volume volume is 1200 ml. d) vital capacity is 6000 6000 ml. e) inspiratory capacity is 3500 3500 ml. Hypoxia a) never occurs is anaemic subject. b) occurs is high altitude. c) produces polycythaemia. d) occurs in carbon mono-oxide poisoning. poisoning. e) always need O2 therapy.
7.
8.
Prot roteoly eolyttic enzym zymes of pancrea reas are are a) trypsinogen. b) aminopeptidase. c) pepsinogen. d) chymotrysinogen. e) isomaltase.
9.
Secretin a) stimulates hydrolytic hydrolytic type of secretion from pancreas. b) stimulates enzyme rich secretion from pancreas. c) is secreted secreted in response response to fatty acid mainly. mainly. H d) begins to release when duodenal P become 6-7. e) activation occurs by acid chyme.
10. 10.
Fact Factor orss that that Sti Stimu mula late te gas gastr tric ic jui juice ce sec secre reti tion on are are a) acetylcholine. b) gastrin. c) histamine. d) epinephrine. e) secretin.
11.
The liv liver is the the pri prin ncipl ciplee sit sitee for for a) synthesis of plasma albumin. b) synthesis of plasma globulin. c) synthesis of prothrombin. d) storage of iron. e) storage of Vitamin C.
12. 12.
Abse Absenc ncee of of bile bile in the the inte intest stin inee caus causes es a) prolonged prothrombin time. b) pteatorrhoea. c) defective iron absorption from the ileum. d) defective absorption of Vitamin B12. e) impaired fat absorption.
13.
The ren renal clea cleara ran nce of a subst ubstan ance ce a) is inversely related to its urinary concentration. b) is directly related to the rate of urine formation. c) is directly related to its plasma concentration. d) is expressed in units units of volume per unit time. e) must fall in the presence of metabolic poisons.
14. 14.
Subs Substa tanc nces es comp comple lete tely ly reab reabso sorb rbed ed by PCT PCT are are a) amino acid. b) HCO -3. c) Water. d) glucose. e) urea.
15.
Hormones acts on DCT are a) ADH. b) angiotensin. c) erythropoietin. d) calcitonin. e) aldosterone.
16. 16.
Conc Concen entr trat atio ion n of of fol follo lowi wing ng ions ions in ECF ECF are are + a) Na is 142 m. mol/L. + b) K is 140 m. mol/L. c) CL is 108 m. mol/L. d) HCO -3 is 10 m. mol/L. e) Ca+2 is 2.5 m. mol/L.
17.
Renal blood flow is a) 21% of cardiac output. b) not autoregulated. c) increased by sympathetic Stimulation. d) decreased by sympathetic Stimulation. e) 650 ml/min.
18.
GFR is increased when a) plasma colloid osmotic pressure pressure is increased. b) plasma colloid osmotic pressure pressure is decreased. c) glomerular hydrostatic hydrostatic pressure is increased. d) renal blood flow is decreased. e) bowman’s bowman’s capsular pressure pressure is increased.
19.
Plasma cl clearance va value of of a) inulin is 125 ml/min. b) glucose is 180 ml/min. ml/min. c) creatinine is 140 ml/min. d) urea is 70 ml/min. e) PAH is 550 ml/min.
20.
In norm normal al heal health thy y peo people ple urin rinary ary a) specific gravity ranges from 1.010 to 1.020. b) osmolarity ranges from 200 200 to 400 m. osmole/L. c) volume is 1.5 L/day L/da y. H d) has P range of 4.5 to 8. e) straw color is due to presence presence of bile pigments.
