UNIVERSIDAD “CESAR VALLEJO” - TRUJILLO Facultad de Ingeniería Escuela Profesional Profesional de Ingeniería Ingeniería Civil
TEMA
: “PROPIEDADES FISICAS DEL SUELO” NOMB NOMBRE RE DEL DEL CURS CURSO O : MECA MECANIC NICA A DE SUEL SUELOS OS PROFESOR
: ING. ROBERTO C. SALAZAR ALCALDE
FECH A
: TRUJILLO, 19 DE ABRIL DEL 2017
INTEGRANTES
NOTA EP.
NOTA FINAL
ALA!O SOTO, TANIA CERNA DE LA CRUZ, ALE REBAZA RE!ES, ANGIE RUBIO CAL"A!, MARCOS SANDO"AL SANDO"AL BENITES, JEAN PAOLO "ILLENA DIAZ, JOSE
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3.1. Clasificación de los poros del suelo #icroporos. Son
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%'%( 10
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3.'. Formula de porosidad
L% oro!#,%, !e e,e eBre!%r +omo or+en*%e ,e 4o$men *o*%$ ,e !e$o me,#%n*e $% f3rm$% Porosidad Porosidad ( )=
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x 100
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4. C5S!STE5C!A
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11
4.1. Consistencia en función de la 6umedad.
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8. C$R
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O!+ O!+ro ro o ne ne'r 'roo
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8.1. Disposición del color del suelo
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9. TE#PERAT TE#PER ATURA URA
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m#+r m#+roe! oe!*r *r+ +* *r% r%(( L% m%+r m%+roe oe!* !*r r+* +*r r%6 %6 e! e$ %rre %rre'$ '$oo ,e $%! $%! %r*5 %r*5+$ +$%! %! !e+n,%r#%! 8 r#m%r#%! 4#!#)$e! % !#m$e 4#!*%( L% m#+roe!*r+*r% e! e$ %rre'$o ,e $%! %r*5+$%! r#m%r#%! %r% form%r $%! !e+n,%r#%! ,e e$$% ,een,e en %$*o 'r%,o $% m%+roe!*r+*r%( '.1. T!PS DE ESTRUCTURA
Se'n e$ 'r%,o ,e ,e!%rro$$o ,e $o! %'re'%,o!6 $% e!*r+*r% e,e !er Fuerte/ %'re'%,o! ,r%,ero!6 +on !e%r%+#3n )#en ,ef#n#,% +%n,o e$ !e$o !e !e+%( %'re re'% '%,o ,o!! re$% re$%*# *#4% 4%me men* n*ee )#en )#en form form%, %,o! o! 8 #oderada/ %' ,#feren+#%,o!6 ,e ,r%+#3n me,#%( D%0il/ %'re'%,o! o+o ,#feren+#%,o!6 e !3$o !e ,#!*#n'en +%n,o e$ !e$o e!*9 me,o( estructura/ %'re'%,o! e no !e ,#!*#n'en or f%$*% ,e Sin estructura/ %'$omer%+#3n6 +omo o+rre en $o! !e$o! %reno!o!
Se'n $% form% ,e $o! %'re'%,o! Lo! %' %'rre' e'%, %,o! o! *#en *#enen en form orm% % %$% $%n% n%,% ,%66 +o +onn re,om#n#o ,e $% ,#men!#3n or#&on*%$( L%! r%5+e! 8 e$ %#re ene*r%n +on ,#f#+$*%,( En 0loues. An'$%re! o !)%n'$%re!( Prism(tica. E! *5#+o ,e !e$o! +on m+% %r+#$$%( Columnar. Seme%n*e % $% e!*r+*r% r#!m9*#+%6 ero +on $% )%!e re,on,e%,%( 2ranular. E! $% e!*r e!*r+ +* *r% r% m9! m9! 4e 4en* n*% %o! o!%6 %6 %$ e erm rm#* #*#r #r $% +#r+$%+#3n ,e %'% 8 %#re( $aminar.
3. PRS!DAD
E! $% re$%+#3n en*re e$ 4o$men ,e e+o! ,e +%$#er *#o 8 e$ 4o$men *o*%$ ,e$ !e$o( Se or#'#n% +omo +on!e+en+#% ,e $% *eB*r% 8 e!*r+*r% ,e$ !e$o( Lo! e+o! e ,e%n en*re !# $%! %r*5+$%! !3$#,%! ,e$ !e$o e,en !er Poros. Pe+o!
e ,e%n $%! %r*5+$%! 8 $o! %'re'%,o!( Canales. Pe+o! +omn#+%n*e! e !e form%n or $% %+*#4#,%, ,e $% f%n% ,e$ !e$o(
1
Fisuras o rietas. Pe+o!
#n*er+omn#+%,o! e !e form%n +omo +on!e+en+#% ,e $% re*r%++#3n ,e$ !e$o(
3.1. Clasificación de los poros del suelo #icroporos. Son
$o! oro! ,e menor *%m%o6 +%%+e! ,e re*ener
%'%( #acroporos. Son
$o! oro! ,e m%8or *%m%o6 or $o! e e$ %'% +#r+$ +#r+$%% ero ero no e! re*en# re*en#,%( ,%( Norm%$ Norm%$men men*e *e $o! m%+ro m%+rooro oro!! e!*9n e!*9n o+%,o! or %#re6 eB+e*o +%n,o e$ %'%n e!*9 +#r+$%n,o or e$$o!(
3.'. Formula de porosidad
L% oro!#,%, !e e,e eBre!%r +omo or+en*%e ,e 4o$men *o*%$ ,e !e$o me,#%n*e $% f3rm$% Porosidad Porosidad ( )=
dr − da da
x 100
,r H ,en!#,%, re%$ ,% H ,en!#,%, %%ren*e
4. C5S!STE5C!A
Con!#!*en+#% ,e$ !e$o e! !%$men*e ,ef#n#,% +omo e$ *"rm#no e ,e!#'n% $%! m%n#fe!*%+#one! ,e $%! fer&%! f5!#+%! ,e +oe!#3n 8 %,e!#3n6 %+*%n,o ,en*ro ,e$ !e$o % 4%r#o! +on*en#,o! ,e me,%,( E!*%! m%n#fe!*%+#one! #n+$8en %G E$ +omor*%m#en*o +on re!e+*o % $% 'r%4e,%,6 re!#3n 8 *en!#3n( )G L% *en,en+#% ,e $% m%!% ,e$ !e$o ,e %,e!#3n % +ero! eB*r%o! o !!*%n+#%!( +G L%! !en!%+#one! e !on e4#,en+#%,%! 8 !en*#,%! or $o! ,e,o! ,e$ o)!er4%,or( E!*% ,ef#n#+#3n #m$#+% e e$ +on+e*o ,e +on!#!*en+#% ,e$ !e$ !e$oo #n+$ #n+$8 8ee %$' %$'n% n%!! ro ro#e #e,% ,%,e ,e!! ,e ,e$$ !e$ !e$o6 o6 +o +om mo re!# re!#!* !*en en+# +#%% % $% +omre!#3n6 fr#%)#$#,%,6 $%!*#+#,%,6 4#!+o!#,%,(
20
A**e)er' ,e!+r#)#3 $o! +%m)#o! en +on!#!*en+#% ,e n% m%!% ,e !e$o(
8. C$R
E$ +o$or e! n +%r9+*er ,e$ !e$o6 f9+#$ ,e o)!er4%r 8 ,e !o +3mo,o %r% #,en*#f#+%r n *#o ,e !e$o ,en*ro ,e$ +%,ro re'#on%$ o $o+%$( Relación color " propiedades del suelo Color Propiedades del suelo
O!+ O!+ro ro o ne ne'r 'roo
.re! .re!en en+# +#%% ,e m%*e m%*er# r#%% or'9 or'9n# n#+% +%66 +%n* +%n*oo m9! o!+ o!+r roo m9! +on*en#,o en m%*er#% or'9n#+% !e $e !one( C$%r C$%roo o )$%n )$%n+o +o E$ +o$or +o$or +$%r +$%roo e! +o +on! n!e+ e+e en+ n+#% #% ,e$ ,e$ $%4% $%4%,o ,o ,,ee $%! $%! %ren %ren%! %! +%r&oG( .%r,o Se ,e)e % $% re!en+#% ,e 3B#,o! ,e #erro #,r%*%,o!6 %m%r#$$en*o FeO OPG 'oe*#*%G6 8 n#,o! % $% %r+#$$% 8 % $% m%*er#% or'9n#+%( Co$or roo E$ +o +o$or ro roo #n #n,#+% n n ) )en ,r ,ren%e ,e ,e$ ! !e$o6 $o $o e erm#*e $% eB#!*en+#% eB#!*en+#% ,e +on,#+#one! oB#,%n*e!( @r#!e! 8 Se re!en*% +omo 'ro! ,e m%n+%! ,e +o$ore! roo!6 4e*e%,o! %m%r#$$o! 8 'r#!e!( E!*% ro#e,%, %%re+e en !e$o! e !e en+%r+%n ,r%n*e n er5o,o ,e$ %o @r#! 8/o 4er,o!o Son +%r%+*er5!*#+o! ,e !e$o! e !fren n% #n*en!% %&$%,o #,romorf5%( P%8 f%$*% ,e oB5'eno( 9. TE#PERAT TE#PER ATURA URA
21
L% *emer%*r% ,e$ !e$o e! #mor*%n*e ore ,e*erm#n% $% ,#!*r#)+#3n ,e $%! $%n*%! e #nf$8e en $o! ro+e!o! )#3*#+o! 8 5m#+o!( C%,% $%n*% *#ene !! reer#m#en*o! e!e+#%$e!( En+#m% ,e$ =º C e! o!#)$e $% 'erm#n%+#3n( :. PRFU5D!DAD
L% rofn,#,%, ,e$ !e$o e! m8 #mor*%n*e ore ,e e$$% ,een,e e$ 4o$men ,e %'% e e$ !e$o e,e %$m%+en%r %r% $%! $%n*%!(
;. PES ESPEC!F!C Peso específico a0soluto o peso específico del suelo
Se ,ef#ne +omo ! e!o or n#,%, ,e 4o$men
Peso específico relati
E$ e!o e!e+5f#+o re$%*#4o o 'r%4e,%, e!e+5f#+% ,e n !e$o !e *om% +omo e$ 4%$or rome,#o %r% $o! 'r%no! ,e$ !e$o(
Peso específico natural+/ =m
de
la
masa del suelo )densidad
E! $% re$%+#3n en*re e$ e!o $% me!*r% ,e$ !e$o
*o*%$ 8 e$ 4o$men *o*%$ ,e
Peso específico seco/ =d
E! $% re$%+#3n en*re e$ e!o ,e $%! %r*5+$%! m#ner%$e! !e+%! 8 e$ 4o$men *o*%$ ,e $% me!*r% ,e !e$o( 22
Peso específico de sólidos/ =s
E! $% re$%+#3n en*re e$ e!o 8 e$ 4o$men ,e $%! %r*5+$%! m#ner%$e! !e+%!
=( CONCLUSIONES Se $o'r3 ,ef#n#r ,e m%ner% re+#!% 8 +$%r% $%! +%r%+*er5!*#+%! f5!#+%! ,e$ !e$o +omo m%*er#%$ ,e +on!*r++#3n( Se ,o ,%r % +on +ono+e o+err e $o! !e$o! !e$o! 'r%n$ 'r%n$%re %re!6 !6 +ome!*o! or 'r%4%! 8 %ren%! !on %*o! %r% $% +on!*r++#3n6 ore !on !e$o! m8 re!#!*en*e! fren*e % $%! +%r'%! e ,e)en !oor*%r 8 $o! !e$o! f#no!6 +ome!*o! or $%! %r+#$$%! 8 $#mo! no !on %*o! %r% $% +on!*r++#3n( .or " !on n%! %r*5+$%! ee5!#m%! *#o o$4oG e e!e % *ener )en% +oe!#3n6 !fren 'r%n,e! +%m)#o! %$ +on*%+*o +on e$ %'%( =( REF REFERE ERENCI NCIAS AS ?I?LIO ?I?LIO@RA @RAFIC FICAS AS
“.ro#e,%,e! f5!#+%! ,e $o! !e$o!” 201=G( D#!on#)$e en **//(fnro4er(or'/form%*o!/m%n%$Tom%*e/.ro#e,%,e! Q20F#!#+%Q20,e$Q20Se$o(,f
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