“Comparative Study about Business Characteristics among selected Laundry Shop in Camella Homes, Springville, Molino III, Bacoor City.”
Jimenez, Mark Aljon G. Ritual, Francis Joseph P. Tigson, Kristine Kaye M. Vargas, Shen Shan Michael L. Zulueta, Jr., Rodolfo M.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT The researchers would like to thank the following who helped and supported us in making this study possible. To laundry business owners, for participating and giving information needed by the researchers; To Guardians of the students, for inspiring, giving financial and moral support, our motivator; To Mrs. Greziel Baylosis, for giving time and support as well as sharing her expertise in research; To Ms. Katherine Santos, our beloved research instructor for teaching the researchers on how to conduct a research study; To all BSBM 3-1, for giving advices, comments to make this research more knowledgeable. To all members of this group, for exerting time and effort to make this research simply done and make possible. To Almighty GOD, for giving strength, knowledge, wisdom and perseverance needed to finish this research.
ABSTRACT This study conducted to determine the comparative study on the services provided among selected laundry shop in Camella Homes Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor, Cavite. Specifically, this study will be designed to describe the business characteristics of the selected laundry shop; to identify the most preferred services by the customer and to know problems encountered by the selected laundry shops. The respondents of the study are three (3) members of the management team per selected laundry shop on Camella Springville that are registered in the City Hall of Bacoor, Cavite and still operated. The researchers will be using the purposive sampling technique to get the target sample. The researchers selected eight (8) laundry shops with different background of success on their own ways and strategies. Having the business control on our daily lives nowadays shifting from strictly functional to multipurpose which allow the researcher to have a browse on the existing changes with the customer society. And with that note it captures the attention of the researchers to have a further comparative study which will enable to differentiate each of the selected laundry shops. This study will apply quantitative method. Through the use of survey questionnaire, the comparative study will be acquired. This study will use also the analysis and interpretation of gathered data such as Sloven Formula and Weighed Mean.
TABLE OF CONTENTS BIOGRAPHICAL DATA…….…………………………………………………………………i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………………………....... ii ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………………. iii LIST OF TABLE………..…………………………………………………………………….... v LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………………………………. 1 LIST OF APPENDIX TABLES LIST OF APPENDIX FIGURES LIST OF APPENDICES INTRODUCTION Statement of the Problem Objective of the Study Significance of the Study Time and Place of the study Scope and Limitations of the study Definition of Terms Participants of the study
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE METHODOLOGY Research Design Hypothesis Source of Data Conceptual Framework of the Study Sampling Technique Data Gathering Procedure Statistical Treatment of Data RESULT AND DISCUSSION SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION Summary Conclusion Recommendations REFERENCES APPENDICES
BIOGRAPHICAL DATA The first author named Mark Aljon G. Jimenez was born on October 8, 1997 in Molino I Bacoor, Cavite. He is the eldest son of Mr. Cenen M. Jimenez and Mrs. Leilanie G. Jimenez. He finished his elementary education at Bayanan Elementary School in 2010 and he finished his high school at Bacoor National High School (Main) at 2014, respectively. In the year 2014, he enrolled in Cavite State University and its currently pursuing the degree of Bachelor of Science in Business Management Major in Marketing. The second author named Francis Joseph Ritual was born on September 25, 1997 in Talon 4 Las Piňas, City. He is the eldest son of Mr. Rex A. Ritual and Mrs. Maria P. Ritual He finished his elementary education at Talon Elementary School in 2010 and he finished his high school at Las Piňas East National High School Equitable Village Annex B at 2014, respectively In the year 2014, he enrolled in Cavite State University and its currently pursuing the degree of Bachelor of Science in Business Management Major in Marketing. The third author n amed Kristine Kaye M. Tigson was born on September 8, 1994 in Talon Las Piňas, City. She is eldest daughter of Mrs. Sonia Flores Mangohom Tigson and Mr. Nolly Ibaňez Tigson. She finished her elementary education at St. Aloysius Academy of Dasmariňas in 2007 and she finished her high school at St. Aloysius Academy of Dasmariňas at 2011, respectively.
In the year 2014, she enrolled in Cavite State University and its currently pursuing the degree of Bachelor of Science in Business Management Major in Marketing. The fourth author named Shen Shan Michael L. Vargas was born on July 26, 1997 in Bacoor, City. He is the eldest son of Mr. Juluis A. Vargas and Mrs. Mary Ann L. Vargas He finished his elementary education at Gawaran Elementary School in 2010 and he finished his high school at Bacoor National High School Gawaran Annex at 2014, respectively. In the year 2014, he enrolled in Cavite State University and its currently pursuing the degree of Bachelor of Science in Business Management Major in Marketing. The fifth author named Rodolfo M. Zulueta Jr. was born on August 31, 1994 in Jose Panganiban Provincial Hospital. He is the fourth son of Mr. Rodolfo C. Zulueta Sr. and Mrs. Francia M. Zulueta. He finished his elementary education at Jose Panganiban Elementary School in 2006 – 2007 and he finished his high school at Jose Panganiban National High School at 2011 – 2012, respectively. In the year 2014, he enrolled in Cavite State University and its currently pursuing the degree of Bachelor of Science in Business Management Major in Marketing.
Introduction: Laundry shops are usually located in rural and urban areas. The laundry shop business, if in a good location and well run, is likely to be very profitable. Still, there are many blunders that someone new to his business can commit. Learn all you can about this business before risking your hard earned capital. It has proven itself to be more than just fad. This kind of business establishments have sprouted in different areas and it seems that many of them are prospering, shortage of laundry women and our busy lifestyles. Nowadays, there is abundant number of people are using the services of a laundry shop to clean their clothes. With these changes, laundry shop is now one of the most stable business middle class can afford to put up. The steady growth of condominiums and apartments in the city, coupled with the ever-increasing busy time of people, has made Laundromats a stable business to own. Laundry business is one of the popular home service in urban and rural areas. This business is built with a purpose, to help our parents, guardians, and/or oldest member of the family as well as those who wash their clothes individually. People with other responsibilities prefer to use the service of laundry shops to save time and effort. As the time goes by laundry shops starts creating standardized buildings and establishments to provide more service to their beloved customers. Every business wants to maintain their customer’s satisfaction and loyalty by valuing them and giving quality service. Every laundry shop portrays the message of their business through logos and slogans to attract
new prospects customers and to easily identify their business. Some of the laundry shops are placed near the national road or in highway to easily locate by old and new customers which gives convenience to them. Boss Rainbow Laundry shop, Yans Laundry Shop, D'Garcia, J.SY, Central Park, Camella, Kosh-Kosh Ayosh, Bz Pep Laundrenette were specifically selected because it was known as part of the leading independent business establishments in Camella Springville, Molino lll, Bacoor City.
Statement of the Problem The main purpose of the study is to compare the service provided among selected laundry shop in Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor. Specially, it aimed to find the answers to the following questions: 1. What is the business characteristic of the selected laundry shop in terms of: 1.1 forms of organization 1.2 no. of employees 1.3 initial principal 1.4 monthly incomes; 1.5 operating hours 2. What are the services rendered by the business in terms of:
2.1 Wash, dry, fold 2.2 Home service laundry 2.3 Pick-up and delivery 2.4 Wash, dry, press 2.5 Dry cleaning 2.6 Self service 3. What are the problems encountered by the selected laundry shops? 3.1 Water interruption 3.2 Power Supply 3.3 Costly 3.4 Lack of Manpower 3.5 Calamities 3.6 Dishonest employee 3.7 Delayed deliveries of Laundry supplies (such as, Detergent Powder, Bleach, Fabric conditioners, etc.) 3.8 Laundromats Malfunction 3.9 Leakage of Water 3.10 Improper Invoicing
4. Is there a significant difference between the services provided to the selected laundry shops?
Objective of the study This study will be conducted to describe the comparative study on the services provided among selected laundry shops. Specifically, the study was conducted to: 1. Describe the business characteristics on selected laundry shops. 2. Identify the service rendered by the business. 3. Identify the problems encountered by the selected laundry shops. 4. To find out the significant difference between the selected laundry shops.
Importance of the study This study of comparative business characteristics among selected laundry shops a.ong Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor gives benefits to the following people: Consumer. For them to be aware on the services rendered by the laundry shops. Future Researcher. It may serve as a future reference for those who are willing to conduct related study.
Marketing People. Help them in developing better marketing strategy and plans that can be conducted by companies offering same business. Laundry Shops. It may serve as a basis for their prospect customers. Employees. For them to know what are the characteristics of the business that they are involve.
Time and Place of the study The study will be conducted along Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor through the use of survey questionnaires. The study will cover the month of April 2017.
Scope and Limitation of the Study The researcher will be conducting a study about the “Comparative study about Business Characteristics among selected Laundry shops along Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor.” The procedures that the researchers will be performing are based on distribution of questionnaires. The data of the study will be base on the eight (8) selected Laundry shops along Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor.” This study will be limited to Yans, Boss Rainbow, Bz pep launderette, D. Garcia, J.Sy, Central Park, Camella, and Kosh-kosh ayosh laundry shops. These studies, likewise, will identify
the business characteristics of Laundry shops and will also describe most rendered services by the customer and the problems encountered by the selected Laundry shops.
Definition of terms Blunders – to move unsteadily or confusedly. To make a mistake through stupidity, ignorance, or carelessness. Laundromats – use for a self service laundry Sprouted – To grow or develop, to appear suddenly and in large numbers. Fad – A practice or interest followed for a time with exaggerated zeal. Profitable – Affording profits yielding advantageous returns or results.
Conceptual Framework of the Study This conceptual show how the services provided helps a lot of those laundry shops in promoting their service, forms of organizations, no. of employees, initial capital, monthly income and operating hours. Through survey questionnaire which are the process, questions of researcher will be answers and at the same time will be observe ideas on the needs of the customer which are not yet served and feedbacks that not has been discuss that will come up with the output which is the Comparative study about Business Characteristics among selectedLaundry Shop in Camella Homes, Springville, Molino III, Bacoor City.”
.
INPUT
PROCESS
Different characteristics of selected laundry shop business in terms of: 1.Initial Capital 2. Forms of organization 3. Monthly Income 4. Operating Hours
Through Survey Questionnaire
OUTPUT
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE SELECTED LAUNDRY SHOP IN CAMELLA SPRINGVILLE, MOLINO III, CITY OF BACOOR
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter represents the related literature and studies that would provide the background and analysis of the findings of the present investigation. These were taken from internet with local and global authors. It helped the researcher to a clear background of the study.
The Quantum Theory of Laundry Reardon (2000) it has been argued that the act of doing laundry followed the discovery of clothing by only a few weeks. While this fact has been regarded to be fantastically trivial, one cannot ignore the enigmas that the act of doing laundry has created, especially true in the age of high speed washers and dryers. In the early days, the disappearance of articles of clothing could simply be accounted for by saying that the sock was lost in the river. Unfortunately, such excuses can no longer be used today. The availability of high speed automated washers and dryers have provided a number of fundamental questions cannot be answered using the classical laundry theory. As a result, it only deals with the simplest example in which a sock is analyzed in either a washer or dryer. The mathematics involved in the analysis of a sock in both washer and dryer and in transition between the two is left for more advanced laundry courses. Lavandera: The new phase of laundry shop solutions. Third Row, a business solutions company, has launched its pilot product offering and introduces the Lavandera Web app through website. A Philippine registered business entity, Third Row capitalizes on modern technology to develop business solutions. Its aim is to put in place systems that streamline the otherwise un-methodical and oftentimes un-secure processes that business owners and consumers alike have been used to.
Lavandera is a Web app exclusively designed for laundry shops and laundry shops owners, and all who avail themselves of laundry services – singles, couples, families, and businesses (hotels, dormitories, hospitals, salons, catering, etc.). Lavandera.ph provides a basketful of features for laundry shop patrons, whose favored laundry shop – whether a community or dormitory laundry shop, hotel Laundromat, dormitory clothes cleaner – is signed up with the Lavandera system. The laundry shop owners or operators, on the other hand, are provided with tools that allow for methodical day-to-day operations of the shop.
For customers, Lavandera intuitively suggests all the nearest laundry shops in and around the site visitors are via geographic tagging. Lavandera’s backbone is a listing of laundry shops all over the Philippines, addresses and contacts detailed included. The search function comes in handy if and when a particular laundry shops is being looked for. With a quick zoom-in or out of the ma;, laundry shops right at your building, on your street corner, in the next block or in the whole city show up. Users would know if their current laundry services provider is subscribed to Lavandera.ph when its icon on the map is red. Clicking on that icon will have the visitor seeing the shop details. Threats and opportunities in the laundry industry The combined management expertise and attractiveness of Suds Laundry franchise can be cited for its success. The business now has 23 locations, all franchised stores except for two, which Ang’s family owns. Franchisees are given 6-year franchise contracts (renewable) and continuous support (advisory, marketing, and management). Ang offers to take care of his franchisees’ business risks, which usually stem from lack of business management exposure. He
trains each franchisee well before letting them manage their businesses on their own. His assistance doesn’t end there as he has a system for constantly monitoring performance of every franchised store. Ang couldn’t help but remain optimistic about the prospects in the industry. He asserts, “There are more opportunities than threats for laundry businesses.” First, the modern urban lifestyle calls for the proliferation of more laundry shops. Many individuals and families now reside in condominiums, which don’t provide ample space for doing laundry. More people are now
more
accustomed
to
paying
for
laundry
services,”
he
said.
The continuously rising tourism industry poses opportunities as well. As more hotel rooms get occupied, the demand for laundry services increases. The domino effect of a more active tourism sector extends to industrial and commercial establishments, which are also requiring laundry services. Of course, the drastic changes in our weather pattern can be a positive factor for the laundry industry. Because of the unpredictability of weather, many households prefer not to do their laundry especially on cloudy and rainy days, when the sun is not out for hang drying.
Things to consider before opening a laundry shop business It may be considered a dirty job by most, but the laundry shop business is a thriving industry in highly urbanized cities such as Metro Manila, Cebu, and Davao. The growing number of Filipinos opting to live in mid-rise and high-rise condominiums, owing to the lack of space where to hang and dry clothes has spurred the growth of the laundry business in the Philippines. Washing the dirty linens may not be a bad thing after all as every whirl of the washing machine
and every steam released by the dryer generates ka-ching for you. Entrepreneur Philippines had a one-on-one interview with Monina Atienza-Santos about the ins and outs of setting up a laundry shop business. Starting nearly 10 years ago, MR. Laundry Shop was born in Quezon City with an initial investment of only P100,000 that was used to lease a space, hire staff, buy two washing and drying machines, and other products needed for the business like detergents, signage, and plastic wraps. Starting a laundry business One of the most tedious chores at home is washing mountains of clothes which is why most people look for laundry services that can do the task for them. And because having clean clothes is one of the basic needs of a person, it is no surprise that a lot of laundry shops are popping up, especially when you find out how easy it is to set one up. There are two key things in starting your own laundry business. First you need to find a good location to set-up. If you’re lucky to be living with an apartment complex or condominium nearby, then you won’t have a problem. More often than not, the tenants living there won’t have a space for their own washing machine so they will definitely need a laundry service. Another great thing about setting up a laundry business is that you won’t even need such a big space to set it up since the most important equipment you will need is a washing machine.
METHODOLOGY
Research Design The study contains quantitative method, it s characterized as a survey approach, it aims to study the “Comparative study on the services provided among selected Laundry shops in Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor. This design involved gathering of qualitative and quantitative data that shall get necessary information in the progress of the study. Hypothesis H0: There no significant difference between the services provided to selected Laundry shops.
Source of Data Primary data are obtained from the respondents by the used of survey questionnaire through survey approach. Other data are gathered by the researcher from the internet and library sources.
Participants of the Study The respondents are the Laundry shop owner or the employees of selected Laundry Shops that are giving service along Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor. A total of 8 respondents were selected through purposive sampling. The respondents of the study were selected from the Laundry shops in Camella Springville which is the Yans, Boss Rainbow, Bz
pep launderette, D. Garcia, J.Sy, Central Park, Camella, and Kosh-kosh ayosh laundry shops. (Table 1) Table 1. Distribution of Laundry shops located in the Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor. CAMELLA SPRINGVILLE Camella East
FREQUENCY 0
PERCENTAGE 0
Camella West
2
25
Camella South
2
25
Camella North
4
50
TOTAL
n=8
100
Sampling Technique A total of 8 respondents were selected through purposive sampling. The respondents of the study were selected from the Laundry shops such as Yans, Boss Rainbow, Bz pep launderette, D. Garcia, J.Sy, Central Park, Camella, and Kosh-kosh ayosh registered in the City Hall of Bacoor City Data Gathering Procedure The researcher will be preparing a request letter (for the selected Laundry Shops in Camella Springville to supplement the data needed to study. The letter will sent to the owner of
the Laundry shop which are: Yans, Boss Rainbow, Bz pep launderette, D. Garcia, J.Sy, Central Park, Camella, and Kosh-kosh ayosh laundry shops.
Statistical Treatment of Data The researcher will be using descriptive method and the following statistical tools such as percentage. Percentage, Weighted mean and Sloven formula was used to assess relevant information to serve the purpose of the study. Percentage. This will be used to set a percentage of the business characteristics of the respondents such as forms of organizations; employee; initial capital; monthly income and operating hours.
Formula:
f P= x 100 n
Where:
P = percentage f = frequency n = total number of respondents 2. Weighted Mean. This will be used to determine the difference among the services provided of the selected Laundry shops; and problem encountered by the business establishment.
Formula:
W .M =
∑ wx ∑x
Where: W.M = mean X = frequency W = weight n = total number of respondents
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table 2. Business Characteristics of the selected Laundry shops in Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor, 2017 CHARACTERISTICS Forms of Organization Sole proprietorship Partnership Corporation Initial Capital 50,000 and below 50,000 – 100,000 100,001 – 150,000 150,001 – 200,000
FREQUENCY(f) 8 0 0 1 1 1 1
PERCENTAGE 100% 0 0
200,001 – 250,000 more than 250,000 Monthly Income ( in peso) 20,001 – 30,000 30,001 – 40,000 40,000 – 50,000 50,000 more than Operating Hours 6 hours 8 hours 12 hours 24 hours Number of employees 1–3 3–6 6–8 more than 10
3 1 1 3 3 1 0 2 6 0 3 4 1 0
Business Characteristics of the Respondents Table 2 illustrated the summary table of the business characteristics of the samples include forms of organization, number of employees, monthly income, capital, and their operating hours Laundry shops. The respondents have a number of eight (8).
Table 3.Preferred services by the laundry shop to the customers in the selected Laundry shops in Camella Springville, Molino III, City of Bacoor, 2017
SERVICES
FREQUENCY (f)
Wash, Dry, Fold
8
Wash Dry, Press
3
Home Service Laundry
4
Pick-up and Delivery
0
Dry Cleaning
6
Self Service
2
TOTAL
PERCENTAGE
n=23
Preferred Services of the selected Laundry shops Table 3 illustrated the summary table of the preferred services of the samples including Wash, Dry, Fold, Wash, Dry, Press, Home Service Laundry, Pick-up and Delivery, Dry Cleaning, and Self-Service of Laundry shops. The respondents have a number of eight (8)
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary The study was conducted among selected laundry shops in Camella Homes Springville, Molino III, in almost one week to determine the Business Characteristics of the said business, the
study aimed to: 1, Determine the Business Characteristics; 2. To identify the most services rendered by the selected Laundry business; 3. To determine the problems encountered
of
selected laundry business; 4. To identify if there is a significant difference between the services rendered among selected laundry shops.
The number of selected Laundry shops in Camella Homes Springville was determined by requesting the list of registered laundry shops in that area through the help of Homeowners Association in Camella Homes Springville, and office of Barangay Molino III. Personal communication, interviews, and field survey through provided questionnaires were done to describe/identify the business characteristics of Laundry Shops. The identification of forms of organization, number of employees, initial capital, monthly income, operating hours, services rendered, and problems that encountered were determined by an actual survey cluster sampling of eight (8) Laundry Shop station with the total of eight (8) participants. About 8 of the survey data that was used were from the participant through personal communication among the laundry shop owners in Camella Springville. The result were Causal Comparative of the Business Characteristics among selected Laundry Shops. The study conducted revealed the following: 1. All of the Laundry Shops in Camella Homes Springvile Office (BPLO). This implies that majority of Laundry Shop Stations are also complying with the sanitary permit, zoning permit, fire department permit, and other permit which are basic requirements in applying for a business permit. 2. Majority of Laundry Shops in Camella Homes Springville are sole proprietorship based on conducted survey.
3. Six of the Laundry Shops operating twelve (12) hours a day and the remaining two Laundry Shops operating eight (8) hours a day. 4. Majority of the Laundry Shops rendered wash, dry, fold. Yans Laundry, Boss Rainbow, and Camella Laundry rendered wash, dry and press, dry cleaning rendered of six Laundry Shop except Kosh-KoshAyos and Bz PEP which are rendered self-service. Yans, J’sy, and Camella Laundry rendered pick-up and delivery service. The monthly income of Laundry Business are ranging from Php 20,000.00 to Php 100,000.00 5. The initial principal of Laundry Business are ranging from Php 50,000.00 to Php 1,000,000.00 because it depends to the Laundromats that was used and their establishments. 6. Policies and Regulations concerning Laundry Business at the national level still needs to be strengthened to be used as a basis in implementing a city/municipalities-based ordinance and regulations.
Conclusion Quantitative method was used to this research because it talks about the number of laundry and the number of population of laundry shops in Camella Springville, Molino 3, Bacoor Cavite. Majority of the respondents are the person who owned the business. It also shown that a high amount of the respondents earn more than Php 100,000.00 because most of them are in the laundry business for the long time. A total of respondents in a different laundry shop in Camella
Springville, Molino 3 Bacoor, Cavite City. Quality of service is one of the main focus of laundry business like; wash, dry and fold; wash dry and press and self service. Based on the result of the study the following conclusions were made: 1. An accurate record of the total number of laundry shop business in Camella Homes Springville are available. It was revealed that the number of licensed laundry business in the said are ten (10), but two (2) of them are not operate for a long time, because of unknown reasons. 2. Most of Laundry shop’s in Camella Homes Springville offered almost the same variety of services. 3. Majority of the Laundry Shops rendered wash, dry, fold. Yans Laundry, Boss Rainbow, and Camella Laundry rendered wash, dry and press, dry cleaning rendered of six Laundry Shop except Kosh-KoshAyos and Bz PEP which are rendered self-service. Yans, J’sy, and Camella Laundry rendered pick-up and delivery service. The monthly income of Laundry Business are ranging from Php 20,000.00 to Php 100,000.00 4. Policies and Regulations concerning Laundry Business at the national level still needs to be strengthened to be used as a basis in implementing a city/municipalities-based ordinance and regulations. 5. All of the Laundry Shops in Camella Homes Springvile Office (BPLO). This implies that majority of Laundry Shop Stations are also complying with the sanitary permit, zoning permit, fire department permit, and other permit which are basic requirements in applying for a business permit.
Recommendation According to the data that the researcher gathered about the characteristics of the different laundry shops is that there’s a certain difference like the variety of service they offer to the customers, their monthly generating income, initial capital etc. but the bottom line is all of them are made to wash clothes. Every laundry shops recommend the best treatment to retain their clothes beautiful as it is. Laundry business is build to cater the customer’s needs as well as helping them to lessen their work, we recommend that increasing the variety of service offered can accommodate more customers and also greatly affect their generating income.
REFERENCE Starting a Laundry Shop Business. www.businesscoachphil.com Unit 201 Richbelt Tower, 17 Annapolis St., Greenhills, San Juan City, Metro Manila Manila Bulletin. C-4, Sunday, October 28, 2012. Written by Ruben Anlacan, Jr.
Https://fitzvillafuerte.com/tips-starting-laundry-shop-businessphilippines.html Published: February 27, 2017 Tips for Starting a Laundry Shop Business in the Philippines Fitz reymundo
Lavandera: The new phase of laundry shop solutions. Philippine star www.lavandera.ph Joe Capistrano
May 13, 2013
http://ezinearticles.com/?Qualities-of-a-Good-Laundry-Service&id=3833504Nathan Nwachukwu | Submitted On February 26, 2010 Qualities of a Good Laundry Service The quantum theory of laundry. Brian J. Reardon 21 May 2005 http://hogranch.com/mayer/qtl.html
