SAD Assignment

System Analysis and Design AAPP007-3-2

Contents Introduction ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ ............................................ ............................ ...... 3 Chapter 1 Planning ............................................. .................................................................... ............................................. ................................... ............. 4 1.1

Initial evaluation ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ ............................ ...... 4

1.1.1

Problem identification ........................................... ................................................................. ................................... ............. 4

1.1.2

System Development Methodologies ............................................ ...................................................... .......... 5

1.2

Feasibility study ............................................ .................................................................. ............................................ .......................... .... 11

1.2.1

Operational Feasibility .......................................... ................................................................. ................................. .......... 11

1.2.2

Economic Feasibility ............................................ .................................................................. ................................. ........... 13

1.2.3

Technical Feasibility ............................................. ................................................................... ................................. ........... 17

Chapter 2 Analysis .............................. ..................................................... ............................................. ............................................. .......................... ... 19 2.1

Questionnaires ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ .............................. ........ 19

2.1.1

Questionnaires analysis ............................................ ................................................................... .............................. ....... 23

2.1.2

Sample answer from staff ............................................ ................................................................... .......................... ... 24

2.1.3

Sample answer from customer ............................................ ............................................................... ................... 26

2.2

Observation ........................................... .................................................................. ............................................. ................................. ........... 28

2.3

Process Modeling .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ .......................... .... 29

2.3.1

Data Flow Diagram ........................................... ................................................................. ..................................... ............... 29

2.4

Logical Model ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ .............................. ........ 31

2.5

Model conceptual data ......................................... ............................................................... ......................................... ................... 31

Chapter 3 Design ............................................. ................................................................... ............................................ ..................................... ............... 33 3.1

Logical Design or Logical Data Modeling ............................................ .................................................... ........ 34

3.1.1 3.2

Data Dictionary .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ ...................... 34

Input & Output .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 35

3.2.1

OFFLINE SYSTEM ............................................. ................................................................... ................................. ........... 35

3.2.2

ONLINE SYSTEM ........................................... ................................................................. ..................................... ............... 46

Chapter 4 Implementation .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ .......................... .... 50 Chapter 5 Maintenance........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ .............................. ........ 51 Chapter 6 Project Management .......................... ................................................. ............................................. ................................. ........... 52 6.1

Gantt Chart ............................................ ................................................................... ............................................. ................................. ........... 52

6.2

Pert Chart............................................ Chart.................................................................. ............................................ ..................................... ............... 53

1


6.3

Workload Breakdown Matrix........................... Matrix.................................................. ............................................. ...................... 54

Reference ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 57 Appendix A. Minutes of meetings ................................... ......................................................... ............................................ ...................... 58 Appendix B: Hardware and Software ............................. .................................................... ............................................. ...................... 63 Appendix C: Individual Evaluation ................................................... ......................................................................... .......................... .... 68 Appendix D: Peer to Peer Evaluation ................................. ....................................................... ......................................... ................... 70 Appendix E: Storyboard .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 72 72

2


6.3

Workload Breakdown Matrix........................... Matrix.................................................. ............................................. ...................... 54

Reference ........................................... ................................................................. ............................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 57 Appendix A. Minutes of meetings ................................... ......................................................... ............................................ ...................... 58 Appendix B: Hardware and Software ............................. .................................................... ............................................. ...................... 63 Appendix C: Individual Evaluation ................................................... ......................................................................... .......................... .... 68 Appendix D: Peer to Peer Evaluation ................................. ....................................................... ......................................... ................... 70 Appendix E: Storyboard .......................................... ................................................................ ............................................ .............................. ........ 72 72

2


Introduction

System analysis and design has assigned a project in which have to design a new computer system for a restaurant to provide a systematic and effective solution. The organization assigned for this study is a restaurant called „Waiters on Wheels‟. The restaurant was established in 1997 by Sue and Tom Bickford. It is a privately owned business which rapidly gained many customers and eventually majored in the field of delivery .The restaurant is fairly large, and it provides several types of dishes from several well known restaurants in town. The main vision of the establishment is to satisfy their customers and to ensure that the best quality food is given at the lowest price. Furthermore, to give our best service to our customers and to be the best and fastest food delivery company of choice.

In this project we analyzed the whole system of this restaurant. The observations was that the current system is been done manually and lately. Their are struggling to run the restaurant smoothly and systematic. In our research, we found that the restaurant was having problems because the system was outdated and unreliable. Due to these problems we recommended implementing a new system for the restaurant, based on a software running platform.

Our Vision 

To give our best service to our customers.



To be the best and fastest food delivery company of choice.



Usability to customer



To educate the community for a better future.



To expand our service around the world.



To give more employment.

3


Chapter 1 Planning 1.1

Initial evaluation

1.1.1

Problem identification

Waiters on Wheels are a restaurant meal-delivery service started in 1997 by Sue and Tom Bickford. The Bickford‟s noticed that many restaurants offer takeout food, and some restaurants, primarily pizzerias, offer home delivery service. So the company hire a candidate to consultant them to define what sort of a system they needed. Alvis is the project manager that company hires to be a consultant and define the problem that face to the company and their system need. Waiters on Wheels Company are facing the problem on no computerization system to support their business. Besides that, the companies services that provide are perform poorly. The timing that customer order or change meal after the phone call services and the time to delivery meal to customer. The cost of wholesale price that needed to pay by the company first then only can get back from customer. For the cost, the wholesale price needed to store in the computer for lately report use. The computerized report needed to support their company business for the daily report, weekly report, and monthly report to avoid company staffs to do it by manually. The deposit slips of the day sale need to get it end of the day. In the case, they also need the computer system to help them to do calculation of the sale with deposit. This also to avoid their company staff forgets to get the deposit slips. Problem solving: -

Organization need computerization system

-

Improve the delivery system

-

Staff training needed

-

Computerize report

-

Online ordering system added

4

5

System Analysis and Design AAPP007-3-2 1.1.2

System Development Methodologies

SDLC

Introduction



RAD

System



Prototyping

Rapid



Development

Application

Life Cycle

Development



Waterfall Model



Systematic

Evolution Model



Some phases

Collection of

conducted

process

simultaneous

models,

ly,

tools,

product/

techniques

prototype

the phases in a

and

will undergo

system

technologies,

continuous

development

with

improvement

approach by



(step

step)

that

completes

all

the

purpose

to

reduce

the

the

until

it

matures

development

before

time

delivery

of

a

particular

to

customers

system Advantage



Step by step



Slow but steady



System

can



Requirement

be developed

specification

rapidly

is

well

refined

and

accurate

in

accordance with

user‟s

requirement 

Development time reduced and reduction in cost

Disadvantage



Time consuming



Might

not

meeting long



Software quality

is

6


term strategy

often

but fulfilling

overlooked

short

or

term

fulfilling 

not

emphasized

Little



Sufficient

emphasis on

tools must be

quality

made

or

consistency of

the

available 

software

Report generators/ code



Experience required

Phase



Planning



Analysis



Design



Implementation



Maintenance



No

phases



list

Identify problem



Develop prototype



Implement & use prototype



Revise

&

enhance prototype 

Convert operational system

(Table 1: The System Development Methodologies.)

According to the 3 type of system development methodologies, the method SDLC (System Development Life Cycle) is the method that using the waterfall model method. This method like the water fall model with step by step and systematic to run the process and completes all the phases in a system development.

to


For the RAD (Rapid Application Development) is the method that can develop rapidly but is little emphasis on quality or consistency of the system that develop. The prototyping method is the evolution model method with skilful and experience developer. This method have the strong emphasis on quality of the software by build the product or prototype to make improvement continuous until the system perfect before handout the product or system. Prototyping method has reduced and the reduction in cost of developer, but the cost of the product or prototype will add into the budget that builds the system. In conclusion, the best system development methodology is SDLC. SDLC method is suitable to developer to develop a new system. It follows step by step to complete the process of phases in the method of planning, analysis, design, implementation and maintenance. With the steps, the project will run smoothly to complete with all the method.

(Figure 1: System Development Life Cycle, Step by step.)

System Development Life Cycle SDLC phases that use in this project.

Planning phase 

Initial evaluation 

Steering committee receives a project-request



Review and approve the project request

7






Problem identification



Defining project scope and constraints



Report to management



Allocate resources to approved projects



Form a project development team for each approved project

Feasibility study 

Operational o

A system that has operational feasibility is one that will be used effectively after it has been developed



Economical o

A system request has economy feasibility if the project benefits of the

proposed system outweigh the estimated costs involved in

acquiring, installing and operating it 

Technical o

A system request has technical feasibility if the organization has the resources to develop or purchase, install and operate the system

Outcomes: Baseline Project Plan (BPP) or Preliminary investigation report.

Analysis phase 



Determination of users‟ requirements 

Interview



Observation



Questionnaires



Study or review documents



Analyzing procedures

Structuring of system requirements 

Process modeling o



Logical model o



Outcome: Data Flow Diagram

Outcome: Structured English or Decision Table

Model conceptual data

8

System Analysis and Design AAPP007-3-2 

Outcome: Entity-Relationship Diagram

Design phase 

Logical Design or Logical Data Modeling 

Outcome: Each data element is a raw data either kept in the system‟s database or can be derived from data in the database



Physical Design or Designing Physical Files 

Outcome: A set of specifications of physical file and database design and referential integrity



Program Structure Design or Program and System structure design using structure charts 

Outcome: A set of structure charts



Designing Forms and Reports



Designing Interfaces and Dialogues



Designing Inputs and Outputs 

Outcome: A set of physical design specifications for each separate part of the system

Implementation phase I.

Coding

II.

Testing

III.

Evaluation

IV.

Installation

V. VI. VII.

Documenting the System Training Users Supporting Users

Maintenance phase

9


a) Obtaining Maintenance Request (maintenance-demand) b) Transforming Request into Changes (change mapping) c) Designing Changes (change design) d) Implementation Changes (change implementation) Outcome: A new version of the software and design documents Types of maintenance o

Corrective maintenance

o

Adaptive maintenance

o

Preventive maintenance

10


1.2

Feasibility study

1.2.1

Operational Feasibility

Operational feasibility is the process of assessing the degree to which a proposed system solves business problem or takes advantage of business opportunities. This will be refers to a system that users will accept and use effectively to support business objectives. In this feasibility, PIECES framework that uses to identify operational problems to be solved and their urgency in a project, PIECES framework is form by the Performance, Information, Economy, Control, Efficiency and Services. Performance -

In our generation, the current manual paper system is being the big problem on the business operation. The troublesome become more in the form of record, storing information and update. The response time need more attention for the restaurants in food information always lag changes and driver delivery information

Information -

The data input is difficult and not accurate, the manual paper system will increase the probabilities of input errors and the recording is hard to modified and undo the data capture mistake.

-

The stored data is not accessible, not well to organized and secure from accident. The manual paper system is not accessible to the data, the data information are become more and more difficult to look through and the time consuming to find from the files and records on the papers, or organize, when the amount of information increases. Besides that, the paper records can be lost easily and get damaged or worn out.

-

Data output will lack of necessary information and information is difficult to produce. The quick format is lacking of information about the order goes to which restaurant and a lot of management level information. The day deposit slip, week restaurant payment, daily sales and weekly sales reports is hard to produce and take time to do report mean time consume a lot.

11


Economy -

Profits, new markets can be explored when a new system that introduce more future growth, empower the business to employ more drivers and staff. Besides that, can contract more restaurants to cover wider area, but most important is a new online ordering system needed. With the new system, the current marketing can be improved. More data can be stored and the data can be use for analysis in future, there will have more innovative new marketing possible with the new online website.

-

The costs are unknown and untraceable, the overall delivery quality decrease and customer have more complaints which the restaurant will potentially lose customers. Besides that, the workload increase and the working hours getting longer make the sales goes up. Staffs being pressure with the stress from organization, made the staffs decoupled from the company vision, and the staff become more dissatisfied in this fact, the staffs are less willing to help the sales to increase.

Control -

The decision making and processing errors occur from the security and control. The date information poses threats on making errors in decisions like the allocating delivery jobs to the right drivers. The current system heavily rely on human, this human error that cannot be avoided part in the process.

Efficiency -

The efficiency on people, machines, or computers will waste materials and suppliers. The material required and effort required for tasks is excessive in efficiency. The business run through there will have more data storage needed and the cost of retaining these papers and storages will increase. The workload

12


increases by the inefficient system, man power are wasted in the process of recording, updating and search information.

Services -

The system is awkward to use, not coordinated with other systems, and inflexible to new or exceptional situations. The hard search for information, will time consuming to generate important critical information. The current system data format cannot be reused for other system like the online website system. The current systems are not meant easily to adapt changes but it will take a lot of efforts to make changes to adapt to new or exceptional situations.

1.2.2

Economic Feasibility

In this Economic Feasibility study, a system request in the project benefits of the proposed system outweigh the estimated costs involved in acquiring, installing and operating it. The estimation of the cost the business to develop the system and the servicing & maintenance needed. Based on the data of the business, we can get the estimate return of investment in this project to the business in term of profits.

Cost Benefit Table below show the costs of the project to work out the development cost of the project. DEVELOPMENT COSTS

Personnel:

Hours

Cost/Unit Total

2 System Analysts

240

20

9600

2 Programmer/ Analysts

240

20

9600

1 System Librarian

250

15

3750

3000

3000

New Hardware & Software 1 Workstation

13


2 Handheld PDAs

1200

2400

3 Computer

2400

7200

Others

14

0

Total

35550

The following table is the estimates running cost of the system to the business. PROJECT ANNUAL OPERATION COSTS

Personnel:

Total

1

Programmer / Analysts

3000

1

System Librarian

1000

Expenses: 1

Maintenance

0

Internet

3000

Hosting

599

Total

7599

From above: The total development cost is RM 35,550 The total annual running cost is RM 7,599

Payback Analysis This is to analyze the benefit over the next 4 years against the total cost of the project to justify the investment value of the project. Below is the payback analysis table for the next 4 years and the 4% inflation value bein g the discount value. Payback Analysis

Cash flow description Development Cost

Year 0 35,550

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4


Operation & maintenance cost

15

7,599

7,903

8,219

8,548

1

0.962

0.925

0.888

0.851

Time-adjusted costs

35,550

7,399

7,399

7,399

7,399

Cumulative time-adjusted costs over lifetime

35,550

42,949

50,348

57,747

65,146

0

10,599

26,498

52,996

79,494

1.00

0.96

0.93

0.89

0.85

0

9,399

25,298

51,796

78,294

0

9,399

34,697

86,493 164,787

Discount factors for 12%

Benefits derived from operation of new system Discount factors Time-adjusted benefit Cumulative time-adjusted benefits over lifetime Cumulative lifetime time-adjusted costs benefits

-35,550

-33,550 -15,651

28,746

The benefit value in the table is based on the increase of profit growth. The current growth rate in the business is about 2%, assume that the new system is up; the system will help the business to reduce the cost and increase the sales. The system will help the business to achieve higher annual growth rate, assume that in second year growth rate increase to 3%, and the subsequent years are 5%. The following table are present the assumption of the annual sal es. 60,000 53,047

50,000 40,000 33,269 30,000

The difference

20,000 14,771 10,000

8,706

0 Year 0

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

99,641


16

Cumulative lifetime time-adjusted costs benefits 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 -20,000 -40,000 -60,000

M R

Cumulative lifetime time-adjusted costs benefits

Year 0

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

-35,550

-33,550

-15,651

28,746

99,641

From the chart above, Waiters on Wheels start to get the benefit back with the new system from 2 nd year. Although take 2 years to break the investment business spend on the project, lastly the end of 4 years period running business in Waiters on Wheels, the benefit outweighs the cost significantly.

ROI/NPV Analysis In ROI/NPV analysis, there is similar to the Payback Analysis. The calculation is based on the Payback Analysis just the way to present is few thing change only.\ Net Present Value Analysis

Cash flow description Development Cost

Year 0

Time-adjusted costs

Year 2

Year 3

Year 4

35,550

Operation & maintenance cost Discount factors for 12%

Year 1

7,599

7,903

8,219

8,548

1

0.962

0.925

0.888

0.851

35,550

7,399

7,399

7,399

7,399

Cumulative time-adjusted costs over lifetime

65,146

Benefits derived from operation of new system Discount factors for 12%

0

10,599

26,498

52,996

79,494

1.00

0.96

0.93

0.89

0.85


Present value of annual benefit

0

9,399

25,298

51,796

Total present value of lifetime benefits Net Present Value

17

78,294 164,787 99,641

The ROI calculation:

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 

  

1.2.3

Technical Feasibility

A system request has technical feasibility if the organization has the resources to develop or purchase, install and operate the system. The Basic System Requirement -

Workstation

-

Database

-

Server

-

Payment System

Basic Hardware Requirement -

PC or Laptops o

Dell Inspiron 15

o

Dell Inspiron 14

o

HP TouchSmart 600 Quad series

-

Modem

-

PDA or mobile phone

Software Requirement -

Operating System o

Window 7


-

Microsoft Office 2007 o

Microsoft Office Professional 2007

o

Microsoft Office 2007 Blue Edition Precracked

o

Microsoft Office Access 2007

o

Microsoft Office Project Professional 2007

o

Microsoft Office Visio Professional 2007

o

Any Microsoft Office

Service Requirement -

Internet access services

The new system is easy to learn and the expectation of learning the system is low. The software needed to use the on-going licensed software, the on-going software will help and support from us will be required. The domain name and web hosting service or the dedicated ISP service are required in the project. For the PDA or mobile phone will possibly require Internet access service and Wi-Fi support from the mobile phone providers. The technologies required for the systems can get in the market easily. With the basic software and hardware support, it will increase the entire business sales. The efficiency and productivity of staff will increase to the maximum with their good performance.

18


Chapter 2 Analysis 2.1

Questionnaires

Below are the questionnaires for staff who work in Waiters on Wheel. Please answer with your truly opinion. 1. How long had you work? a. Less than 1 year b. 2 – 3 year c. 4 year above

2. How do you deal with the problem that customer change the meal set? a. Change the meal set for the customer b. Change the meal set for the customer with extra charges c. Do nothing to the customer meal change ( Ignore )

3. How do you deal while the customer changes the time to get their me al? a. Change the time and let the staff know b. Change the time in the system and confirm with the customer c. Check the time and let the customer know is it the time still available for delivery the meal

4. What is your opinion about the current delivery system and service? a. Good b. Average c. Bad Reason: ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

19


5. If any new system applies in the organization, what system you hope the system is? a. Simple b. Friendly use c. Not complicated d. All of them e. Other

:

_________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________

6. If the online ordering system applies, what would you think the system will increase the entire delivery system? a. Yes b. No c. Maybe

7. Do you think a professional staff of Waiters on Wheel need training? a. Yes b. No Reason: ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

20


Below are the questionnaires for customer. We would like to get the feedback from you all about the system that we use. Please answer with your truly opinion. 1. Will you use online or phone call ordering your meal? a. Yes b. No Reason: ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

2. How often do you use online or phone call ordering your meal in a week? a. 1 – 3 b. 4 – 6 c. Everyday d. No

3. Do you face any problem with the online or phone call ordering system? a. Cannot call in to the service b. Order until half only disconnect to the phone call c. Internet disconnect d. While fill in the form almost finish, disconnect all the data need to refill in a gain

4. Do you think an online or phone call ordering system needed to set timing for delivery to you? a. Yes (15 min – 20 min) b. Yes (20 min – 25 min)

21


c. At least get within 30 – 45 min, other not a problem d. No

5. Do you recommend the online or phone call ordering system to your friends and family? a. Yes b. No Reason: ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

6. What is your opinion about the system that we using? a. Good b. Average c. Bad

7. For you as a guess of Waiters on Wheel, do you think the system we using now need to improve? a. Yes b. No Reason: ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________

22


Questionnaires analysis

Below is the analysis of the questionnaires for staff and customer of the

Analysis bar chart of questionnaires for staff works in Waiters on Wheel 100% 90% 80% 70%

e

60%

d

50%

c

40%

b

30%

a

20% 10% 0% 1

2

3

4

5

6

7

(Chart 1: Staff works in Waiters on Wheel.)

Analysis bar chart of questionnaires for customer

100% 90% 80% 70%

d

60%

c

50%

b

40%

a

30% 20% 10% 0% 1

2

3

4

(Chart 2: customer of Waiters on Wheel.)

5

6

7

23


Sample answer from staff

Method: Using pen and the question paper, ask few staff to answer the que stionnaires. Below are the questionnaires for staff who work in Waiters on Wheel. Please answer with your truly opinion. 1. How long had you work? a. Less than 1 year

b. 2 – 3 3 year c. 4 year above

2. How do you deal with the problem that customer change the meal set? a. Change the meal set for the customer b. Change the meal set for the customer with extra charges

c. Do nothing to the customer meal change ( Ignore )

3. How do you deal while the customer changes the time to get their me al? a. Change the time and let the staff know b. Change the time in the system and confirm with the customer

c. Check the time and let the customer know is it the time still available for delivery the meal

4. What is your opinion about the current delivery system and service? a. Good b. Average

c. Bad Reason: The delivery system and services not so efficiency, but still can improve__ time by time._______________________ time.__________________________________ ______________________ _______________ ____

5. If any new system applies in the organization, what system you hope the system is?

24


a. Simple b. Friendly use c. Not complicated d. All of them

e. Other

6. If the online ordering system applies, what would you think the system will increase the entire delivery system? a. Yes b. No c. Maybe

7. Do you think a professional staff needed in Waiter s on Wheel? a. Yes

b. No Reason: In Waiters on Wheel really need more professional staff to serve our_____ customer in order to avoid misunderstanding between staff and customer._

25


Sample answer from customer

Method - using pen and the question paper, when reach delivery to customer. Ask customer help to fill in the questionnaires form. Below are the questionnaires for customer. We would like to get the feedback from you all about the system that we use. Please answer with your truly opinion. 1. Will you use online or phone call ordering your meal? a. Yes

b. No Reason: Phone call ordering meal._______________________________________

2. How often do you use online or phone call ordering your meal in a week? a. 1 – 3

b. 4 – 6 c. Everyday d. No

3. Do you face any problem with the online or phone call ordering system? a. Cannot call in to the service b. Order until half only disconnect to the phone call c. Internet disconnect d. While fill in the form almost finish, disconnect all the data need to re-fill in again

4. Do you think an online or phone call ordering system needed to set timing for delivery to you? a. Yes (15 min – 20 min)

b. Yes (20 min – 25 min) c. At least get within 30 – 45 min, other not a problem

26


d. No

5. Do you recommend the online or phone call ordering system to your friends and family? a. Yes

b. No Reason: Depend on time and place, and give the right suggestion to my friend.

6. What is your opinion about the system that we using? a. Good b. Average

c. Bad

7. For you as a guess of Waiters on Wheel, do you think the system we using now need to improve? a. Yes

b. No Reason: Should improve in the way of services and the delivery driver won‟t send wrong meal.__________________________________________________

27


2.2

Observation In the fact-finding of observation, our group has chosen the restaurant of Mc

Donald, Pizza Hut, and KFC to be observed. When in the observation time, our group member does not use this opportunity to have a meeting. We decide to have our lunch in the restaurant that we chose and with few groups of people go there enjoy our meal over there. The analysis will be the way descript in the paragraph below. The way we observes is how they provide their service, the services include the delivery system, face to face order system, calling order system and their staff performance. First we talk about the KFC business system they use, KFC restaurant they use the delivery system but their delivery system since start until now still have not improved. We can say that, their delivery system just wills delivery to the customer order near to the shop around 2-3 km area. So they have no strong delivery system to support their business, they using the face to face system to take order more than delivery system. Normally, the customer wanted to have KFC to be their lunch, they will go to the restaurant directly. Customer will enjoy their meal in the restaurant, they will feel the restaurant environment, they way all customer enjoying meal like their slogan “Finger Licking Good”. By the way, there is less KFC restaurant use the online order system in their business. Next our observation restaurant is the Pizza Hut; their delivery system is much stronger than the KFC restaurant. Their delivery system need to delivery on time and let the meal still in hot. Many customers like to have their lunch or dinner by using the phone call delivery system. Their system is much efficiency then other restaurant, this was support their restaurant business keep growth in period. The step in customer enjoy their meal as well as the service provided, there will have the environment feeling and the way staff services with their performance. Last restaurant is the Mc Donald fast food restaurant (MCD); delivery system in the restaurant is almost same as the Pizza Hut restaurant. In group of people, normally they hungry the first idea will be the MCD, because of their service that provided have phone call order system, step in order, delivery system and drive-thru system make their business growth in period, like the slogan “I‟m loving it.”.

28


2.3 Process Modeling Process modeling is to model solution processes of the system in the project. With the process modeling, there will able to should out the data flow diagram. In the data flow diagram, there is some separation of the type of showing the data. The type of data flow diagram as context diagram, level 0 diagram and level 1 diagram.

2.3.1

Data Flow Diagram

2.3.1.1 Context Diagram

Context diagram is to show the external entities and the data flows. Also knows as terminators, it show out a person, department, outside organization or other information system that provides data to the system or receives data from the system in the diagram, it may be a source, a sink or both. The source can be an external entity that supplies data as origin. The sink will be an external entity that receives data as destination. Context diagram is named by using the singular form of the name.

Customer

Order Info

Restaurant

Order Food Info

Food Ordring

Staff info Financial Info

Staff

Order Delivery

Driver

29


2.3.1.2

Level 0 Diagram

Customer

1.0

Food Info Customer info

Take order Food available

Customer Info Foods Info Foods Info

D1

Customers

Orders Info D2

Foods

2.0 Orders info

Process Orders Order Info Order Info Customer info D3

Orders Order Info

3.0

Order status Driver Orders

Restaurant

Delivery status Order delivery info Driver location Driver status

Order info

Driver location Driver info D3

Drivers

4.0 End of week restaurant payments Payment info retrieval Payment info

Process Payment End of day deposit slip Weekly sales report

D4

ID Staff

End of day reports

Driver

30


2.4 Logical Model Logical model is the representations of the model in the solution logic. With this, the logical model can present in 3 ways that is the structure English, decision table and decision tree. Decision table is a matrix representation of the logic of a decision which specifies the possible conditions for the decision and the resulting actions. Below decision table is based on the statement of the project problem. Without computerization With computerization Online ordering Delivery system Business drops Business growth Both

Y

Y

Y

Y

Y Y Y X

Y Y N

Y N Y

Y N N

N Y Y

N Y N

N N Y

N N N

Y Y Y

Y Y N

Y N Y

Y N N

N Y Y

X

X X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

X

N Y

N N

X

X

Y N

N Y

N N

X

X

Without computerization With computerization Business Drops Business Growth Both

Y Y X

Online Ordering Delivery system improved Business Drops Business Growth Both

Y N

Y

Y

Y

Y

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N

N Y N

N N Y

N N N

X

X

X

X

Y Y X

X

2.5 Model conceptual data Model conceptual data is to show the ER diagram. An ER diagram is models that identify the concepts that exist in the system and the relationships between those entities.

31


32


Chapter 3 Design In this chapter design, it is to show out the logical design or logical data modeling, physical design or designing physical files, the program structure design or program and system structure design using structure charts, designing forms and reports, designing interfaces and dialogues and designing inputs and outputs of the project. For the logical design or logical data modeling, it is to develop a logical data modeling for each view of the application using normalization principles and translate the conceptual E-R data model into normalized relations. With this the end of the project will show out each data element is a raw data either kept in the system‟s database or can be derived from data in the database. Physical design or designing physical files is to choosing the storage formal or the data type in use, its group the attributes from the logical data model into physical records. Select media and structures for storing data to make access more efficient. By the physical design or designing physical files shows a set of specifications of physical file and database design and referential integrity. Program structure design or program and system structure design using structure charts to show out a set of structure charts of the project. Besides that, designing forms and reports, designing interfaces and dialogues and the designing inputs and outputs is almost same as the storyboarding type. This will show a set of physical design specifications for each separate part of the system. In this chapter, the data of the project will show in the appendix E with the drawing of the storyboarding.

33


3.1

Logical Design or Logical Data Modeling

3.1.1

Data Dictionary

External Entities External Entity

Description

Customer

Order

food

using call

Input Dataflow

the

Output Dataflow

by Order details

phone

system

Foods

Customer detail

info

and

Customer info

or

website Driver

Get

order

to Order

delivered

delivery Order

information

delivery

information

and

status Restaurant

Information of food Order and provide food. Return

info

and

Food available info

weekly statement

payment

slip weekly. Staff

Receive

the Deposit

financial info

slip,

weekly sale report and monthly report

Data Store Data Store

Description

Input dataflow

Output Dataflow

Customers

All customer info

Customer info

Customer info

Drivers

All driver info

Driver info

Driver

info

status Foods

All food info

Restaurant info

Food info

Id

Payment

Payment info

Payment info

info

detailed

and

34


3.2

Input & Output

3.2.1

OFFLINE SYSTEM

In this system we also create offline system. We create offline system in Microsoft Access. This system will use by staff to take order from customer by phone and online. In detail, this system contains few forms. That is Customer Information form, Driver information form, Employee information form, Restaurant information form, Food ordering form, Food list form, Weekly report form, Monthly report form, Switchboard item form, Transaction count form, and Feedback form. These forms are to take the order and delivery the food to customer. Follow on are the forms and the explanation.

Diagram 1: Customer information This is customer information form. In this form contained Customer ID, Customer name, IC number, Mobile number, Home address and Postcode. This system is creating to have clear and systematic information. It is easy to refer by staff and deliver the information in the right circumstances and prompt. Furthermore, it delivers the relative and relevant information about the ordered food. Following form shows driver details.

35


Diagram 2: Driver information This is driver information form. In this form contained Driver ID, Driver name, Driver IC number, Driver mobile number, Driver home address, and postcode, status, and vehicle number. We required this information to safety purpose and legal.

Diagram 3: Driver Information Report These are driver details. It shows they have three drivers.

36


Diagram 4: Employee Information This is employee information form. In this form contained Employee ID, Employee name, Employee IC number, Employee mobile number Employee home address, and Employee position. We required this information to safety purpose and legal.

37


Diagram 5: Employee Information Report It shows employee detail information report.

38


Diagram 6: Restaurant Information This is restaurant information form. This form is to key in the restaurant information, restaurant name, restaurant address, and restaurant email id.

Diagram 7: Restaurant Information Report

39


This report contained 5 restaurant information details. That is restaurant KFC, restaurant Macdonald, restaurant Pizza Hut, restaurant Pontain Noodles, and restaurant Hong Kong Snack.

Diagram 8: Food Ordering This is food ordering form. This form to take order from customer and it generate the total billing system.

40


Diagram 9: Food Ordering Report It shows the food ordering report. At last it show the total bill of the order items.

41


Diagram 10: Food List This is food list form. After complete the food ordering form, this form shows the food list form to confirm the order.

Diagram 11: Food List Report

42


This is food list report. This report is to check for the food available and confirm the order.

Diagram 12: Monthly Report This is monthly report form. Its shows the weekly sales report to the Waiters on Wheel restaurant.

43


Diagram 13: Weekly Report This is weekly report form. It shows the weekly sales report by the Waiters on Wheel restaurant. It is auto generate billing system.

44


Diagram 14: Home Page This is home page to this system. It link to specific page. It link by hyperlink. All buttons link specific page. The button in the bottom right is to close the main form.

45


Diagram 15: Report Page This is report generator page, from home page can link to this report generator page with the report button. It all refers to specific form. Beside the each specific button have the printer icon; the icon is the shortcut button to print out the report. And the bottom right icon with a door, the button is to close the form of report generator.

3.2.2

ONLINE SYSTEM

In this system also required a online system. It used to customer to make order from online. These systems create in Microsoft Web Expression 3. This software helps us to create web page easily. Customer also anytime can access this page by online. This web page contained home page, menu, order, about us, and contact us.

46


Background image download by Google search engine. And it edit by using Picasa software. The title is edited. Follow on are the web pages and explanation.

Diagram 16: Home Page This web page is the home page to the online system. This page contained four buttons that are menu button, order button, about us button, and contact us button. All button link to the specific page, it just the link button for customer easy enter the page they needed.

47


Diagram 17: Menu Page This is menu page. It link from home page menu button. Menu page contained few

restaurant

images.

Restaurants

are

KFC,

MCDONALD,

CHINESE

RESTAURANT, and PIZZA HUT.

Diagram 18: Order Page This is order page. It link by menu page. Customer can make order by click the checkbox. After click the checkbox customer can click submit button to confirm the order.

48


Diagram 19: Login Page This is login page. This page contained customer name, home address, phone number, and type of payment. After key in the details customer can submit.

Diagram 20: Contact Us This is contact us page. This page is to help customer to ask question to Waiters on Wheel restaurant.

49


Chapter 4 Implementation In implantation phase, the coding, testing, evaluation, installation, documenting the System, training users and supporting users are important for a development to implement a new system.

Coding is a process of translating a design into machine-readable codes and brings out the source code and a workable new system.

For Testing is any activity aimed at evaluating an attribute or capability of a program or system and determining that it meets required results with the test case, test plan, final performance test metrics and a tested system

For Evaluation is to verify that the new system meets specified requirements, complies with user objectives and achieves the anticipated benefits with the outcome of a system that meets requirements.

For Installation is the organization process of changing over from the current information system to a new one with fully converted data files and installed system.

Documenting the System and training users is to doing the report of the system that implemented and give training to the user to let the user know how to control easily. Physical training is provided for organization to use the system that implemented.

Supporting users is the system documentation, user documentation, publishes documents user training plan, user training modules and user support plan that needed to give support to the system that was implemented. One of the documentation will be this project report. 

Database access



Internet application

50


Chapter 5 Maintenance The service maintenance are obtaining maintenance request (maintenancedemand) to the system. The maintenance will bring the transforming request into changes mean the change of the mapping system, each time the service maintenance goes on. Besides that, the maintenance will also change the design when needed. Lastly, the maintenance will bring the changes of implementation of the system and finally will produce a new version of the software and design documentation. There is few types of maintenance service can be done. There is the corrective maintenance, adaptive maintenance and preventive maintenance. The corrective maintenance is the types that refer to changes made to repair defects in design, coding, or implementation of the system. It usually happened after installation. It simply focuses on removing defects from the system without adding new functionality. Adaptive maintenance is the type that involves making changes to an information system to evolve its functionality to changing business needs or to migrate it to a different operating system. Preventive maintenance is the type that involves changes made to a system to reduce the chance of future system failure.

Final Analysis

We completed the project to our at most expected level. We consider the developed System to be a systematic as we included the entire necessary prompt in order to provide a solution to the organization. Also the system we developed in Microsoft Access is a very user friendly and simple system for the user to understand which covers both end validations.

51


Chapter 6 Project Management 6.1

Gantt Chart This Gantt chart will be the simple form and more detail will be in the system

development methodologies “System Development Life Cycle”. Below is the table part of the Gantt chart.

And this will be the bar chart of the progress.

The full view will be this type.

Gantt chart is almost like minutes of meeting. It‟s a schedule which includes our separation of tasks. More, it alerts us on our date and duration. It helps a lot to complete our system and assignment as effective and fast.

52


6.2

Pert Chart

53


6.3

Workload Breakdown Matrix

Work Load

Yu Kang Wei

Introduction

Natheni A/P Raj *

Planning -

*

*

1. Problem Identification

*

*

2. System Development Methodologies

*

-

Initial Evaluation

Feasibility Study

1. Operational Feasibility

*

2. Economic Feasibility

*

3. Technical Feasibility

*

Analysis -

Questionnaires

1. For Staff

* *

2. For customer 3. Analysis data

*

* *

*

-

Observation

-

Data Flow Diagram

-

Decision Table

-

ER Diagram

*

-

Logical Design

*

*

-

Physical Design

*

*

-

Structure Chart

*

-

Forms and Report

*

-

Interfaces

*

*

-

Input and Output

*

*

* *

*

Design

Implementation -

Coding (database access)

-

Coding (Internet application)

-

Testing

* * *

*

54

System Analysis and Design AAPP007-3-2 -

Evaluation

*

-

Installation

*

-

Documenting System

*

-

Training User

*

-

Supporting User

*

Maintenance -

Corrective Maintenance

*

-

Adaptive Maintenance

*

-

Preventive Maintenance

*

Project Management -

Gantt Chart

*

-

Pert Chart

*

-

Workload Matrix

*

Minutes of Meeting

*

*

55


CONCLUSION In conclusion, the best system development methodology is System Development Life Cycle. SDLC method is suitable to developer to develop a new system. It follows step by step to complete the process of phases in the method of planning, analysis, design, implementation and maintenance. With the steps, the project will run smoothly to complete. Moreover, it is systematic to run the process. The system analysis has guide on systems thinking, organization knowledge, problem identification, problem analysis & solution. Process of scoping, planning, staffing, organizing, directing & controlling the development of an acceptable system at minimum cost within a specified time frame and is an on-going process which is very important throughout the entire SDLC. By following the steps and process has help to create the system and develop it systematic and successfully. GANTT chart is a horizontal bar chart that graphically displays the time relationships between the different tasks in a proje ct. It was used throughout the minutes of meeting. Furthermore, by doing work breakdown structure (WBS) which is the process of dividing the project into manageable tasks and logically ordering them to ensure a smooth transition between tasks. It helps us to be schematic and discipline in this project. •

to show the processes that data undergo in a system

•

to show how data moves and changes through an information system in a graphical, top-down fashion

•

to produce a logical model of an information system in a simple, direct way

56


Reference 

Dell Home page. (n.d.). Retrieved from Dell Home page: http://www.dell.com.my/



HP Compaq Home page. (n.d.). Retrieved from HP Compaq Home page:

http://www.shopping.hp.com/webapp/shopping/home.do

57


Appendix A. Minutes of meetings

Minute of meeting October 21, 2010 Date: October 21, 2010 Time: 08.30 – 10.30 Venue: TPM ENT 3 1-4: Room 1

Attended Members: -

Yu Kang Wei

- Natheni A/P Raj

Meeting topics: -

Work load assigning

-

Time frame discussion

Discussion outcome: 

Contact numbers collected and know each other.



Start discussion on SAD Group Assignment 2010 initial evaluation Problem identification.



And idea for the problem solving to the project.

Minute of meeting October 28, 2010 Date: October 28, 2010 Time: 08.30 – 10.30 Venue: TPM ENT 3 1-4: Room 1

58


Attended Members: -

Yu Kang Wei

- Natheni A/P Raj

Meeting topics: -

Gantt chart and Pert chart discussion

-

Systems Development Methodology discussion


Lecturer review October 21, 2010 work.(Initial Evaluation)



Discussion on the Gantt chart and Pert chart



Each member does one of the charts.



Microsoft Office Visio 2007 are being use to draw out the chart.



Documentation will use the standard software – Microsoft Office 2007



Compare the Systems Development Methodology.

Minute of meeting November 4, 2010 Date: November 4, 2010 Time: 08.30 – 10.30 Venue: TPM ENT 3 1-4: Room 1

Attended Members: -

Yu Kang Wei

- Natheni A/P Raj

Meeting topics: -

Feasibility study discussion

59



Lecturer review October 28, 2010 work.(Gantt chart and Pert chart)



Lecturer review October 28, 2010 work.(System Development Methodology)



Discussion on Feasibility study.


Attended Members: -

Yu Kang Wei

- Natheni A/P Raj

Meeting topics: -

Fact-finding discussion


Fact-finding discussion.



Separate the work to each member to do the fact-finding.


Attended Members:

60


-

Yu Kang Wei

- Natheni A/P Raj

Meeting topics: -

Data Flow Diagram discussion


Lecturer review October 28, 2010 work.(Fact-finding)



Each member shows their work of Data Flow Diagram.



Compare both work and draw out a new Data Flow Diagram.



New Data Flow Diagram did lecturer review.


Attended Members: -

Yu Kang Wei

- Natheni A/P Raj

Meeting topics: -

Input and Output discussion


Discussion about the input output of the system.



Each group member does one system.

61

System Analysis and Design AAPP007-3-2 

The work should show out the print screen of the input and output.

62


Appendix B: Hardware and Software

Inspiron 15 Online Price RM 1,499.00

Build My Dell

Genuine Windows® 7 Home Premium 64bit (English) Intel® Pentium™ Dual Core T4500 (2.3Ghz, 800MHz, 1M cache) 1Yr Ltd Hardware Warranty, InHome Service after Remote Diagnosis Dell Online Backup 2GB Accessorise My Dell

Microsoft(R) Office Starter 2010 No Carrying Case Also Includes

LCD Back Cover - Black McAfee® SecurityCenter™ (Multi-Language) - 15 Months Version 15.6 Widescreen HD WLED display with TrueLife™ 2GB (1 X 2 GB) 1 DIMM DDR3 1333Mhz 320GB 5400RPM Hard Drive DVD+/-RW Optical Drive Mobile Intel Graphics Media Accelerator (GMA) 4500MHD Dell Audio - 2x1 watt 65W AC Adapter Atheros 802.11n WiFi Module (MY) Dell Wireless 365 Bluetooth Internal Mini-Card (MY) Inspiron 15 (N5030) - Direct Base Dell(TM) Keyboard with Touchpad (English) T510905MY- Inspiron™ 15 Integrated 0.3MP Webcam and Analog Microphone Inspiron(TM) Delivery Charges (East Malaysia)

63


Laptop Batteries Carry One Year Warranty Only From Invoice Date Dell's Terms and Conditions apply Great Technical Tips & Information available 24x7 at http://support.ap.dell.com 3-in-1 Flash Memory Reader: SD/MMC/MS Integrated 10/100 Ethernet LAN Discount is only valid if the corresponding upgraded item is selected above. Limited time promotional offer only. No further discounts apply. APCC Info Mod Direct Ship Info Resource DVD Adobe Reader 9.0 Dell(TM) Welcome Dell(TM) Connect Software Skype Software Energy Star Label Break the Seal Sticker Technical Support NB-OS-CTO Handling and Insurance Charges (Malaysia) 6-cell Lithium Ion Battery Dell™ PC Restore Software (Dell Home page)

Inspiron 14 Online Price RM 1,799.00

Build My Dell

Genuine Windows® 7 Home Premium 64bit (English) LCD Back Cover - Black Intel® Core™ i3-370M Processor (2.4Ghz, 4Threads, 3M cache) McAfee® SecurityCenter™ (Multi-Language) - 15 Months Version 1Yr Ltd Hardware Warranty, InHome Service after Remote Diagnosis

64


Dell Online Backup 2GB Accessorise My Dell

Microsoft(R) Office Starter 2010 Media Kit Not Included Targus Synergy Top Loading Case 15.6" (DFD) Also Includes

14.0 HD WLED Glossy (1366x768) 2GB (1 X 2 GB) 1 DIMM DDR3 1333Mhz 320GB 5400RPM Hard Drive DVD+/-RW Optical Drive(Win7 Home Premium) Intel® HD Graphics Integrated Stereo Sound 2.2AHr 6-cell Lithium Ion Battery 65W AC Adapter Dell Wireless 1501 802.11b/g/n Half Mini Card (MY) Dell Wireless 365 Bluetooth Internal (2.1+EDR) Mini-Card (MY) Dell(TM) Keyboard with Touchpad (English) Genuine Windows® 7 OS Label Inspiron 14 (N4030) Direct Base Dell™ PC Restore Software (Dell Home page)

HP TouchSmart 600 Quad series Multi-touch All-in-One PC with Intel quad core processor, integrated webcam, discrete graphics, Blu-ray drive, HDMI and game console connectivity, beats audio, and two-year warranty 

Genuine Windows 7 Home Premium 64-bit



Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-740QM quad-core with Turbo Boost [up to 2.93GHz, 6MB L3 cache, DMI 2.5GT/s]



FREE UPGRADE! 8GB DDR3-1333MHz SODIMM [2 DIMMs] from 4GB

65

System Analysis and Design AAPP007-3-2 

FREE UPGRADE! 1TB 7200 rpm SATA 3Gb/s hard drive from 750GB



1GB NVIDIA GeForce GT230M



Wireless-N LAN card and Bluetooth(R )



2-year In-Home limited hardware warranty

(HP Compaq Home page)

Software

Microsoft Office Professional 2007

Microsoft Office 2007 Blue Edition Precracked

Microsoft Office Access 2007

Microsoft Office Project Professional 2007

66


Microsoft Office Visio Professional 2007

Any Microsoft Office

67


Appendix C: Individual Evaluation YU KANG WEI In this modules, can say that is already done before when the year of form 6 computing subject. SAD System Analysis and Design - SDLC System Development Life Cycle, Project Management, preliminary investigation, feasibility study, systems analysis, Data Flow Diagram, Process Specification, input & output design and the Data Dictionary was the knowledge of APIIT lecturer give, and this make refresh to my mind. This time I was taking the opportunity to do practice for further use. In this project I‟m the leader. I‟m not a good leader I can say that. In the project, with the special case of the class student number we have, our group just has the total of 2 members only this means me and my project partner Natheni. I would like to apologies that my modules exemption already approved and actually I can stop to do this project but I‟m not that kind of bad guys. Before the hand in date (10/12/2010), the work that I already done with the project will pass it to my project partner. Many of my friends ask me to stop doing assignment with no marks no benefit think. Even ask me to delete some data in the system that I have done. Why my friends ask me to stop doing this project, but my mind keep thinking of the project? Is there any reason can let me know about that? I think no reason about it. That why I‟m not a good leader. Lastly, this project was done perfectly, but in my mind keep think how to improve it and this not a perfect project to me. Thanks you Ms Palvin.

68


Natheni A/P Raj From this assignment I have learn how the system work in offline and online. I have created a web page to my assignment. I have gain sum experience when create the web page. And also my group member and I created offline system in Microsoft access. From this I have learn how to create offline system and how it generate. From this assignment I have gain some experience to know about system. I have analyzed that the system was not that much systematic compare to current system. As an IT student I have known about the current system by SAD curriculum. Before this I don‟t about the data flow diagram, data dictionary but now I understand how it helps us to make our system more perfect. We also learn about System Development Life Cycle. It s like a planning phase. Have created some question to staff and customer. From this we know what problem are staff and customer facing by using this system. End of this assignment I have learnt about the system and how it work. I must thank to my lecture Ms. Palvin for guide me and encourage me throughout the assignment.

69


Appendix D: Peer to Peer Evaluation ASIA PACIFIC INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

AAPP007-3-2 Systems Analysis & Design

Name :

YU KANG WEI

Student ID :

TP 022372

Part A : Self Evaluation

1. What was your contribution to the project? % contribution 100 100 100 100 100

Example : Prepared Gantt Chart a. Feasibility Report b. Access Database c. Fact-finding d. Project Management e. Initial evaluation

100

f. Design phase, Implementation phase, Maintenance phase

100

2. Total amount of time spent in group meetings:

6 or more

3. How many group meetings were held?

6 or more

4. How many group meetings have you attended?

all

5 List reasons for not attending meetings, if any. No Reason

Please assess using the scale

[1] Never

[2] Rarely

[3] Sometimes

[4] Usually

[5] Always

I have made a serious effort at assigned work before group meetings * I have attempted to make contributions in group meetings I have cooperated with the group effort

* *

70

System Analysis and Design AAPP007-3-2 Please List Team Members' Names Here Student Name : A

Natheni

A/P Raj

Student Name : B Student Name : C Student Name : D Student Name : E Part B : Peer to Peer Evaluation

1. Do you feel that the distribution of the tasks was fair? Please explain. For me is this fine for it.

Please assess using the scale Has he / she made a serious effort at assigned work before group meetings? Student Name : A Student Name : B Student Name : C Student Name : D Student Name : E

[1] Never

[2] Rarely

[3] Sometimes

[4] Usually

[5] Always

*

Has he / she attempted to make contributions in group meetings? Student Name : A Student Name : B Student Name : C Student Name : D Student Name : E

*

Has he / she cooperated with the group effort? Student Name : A Student Name : B Student Name : C Student Name : D Student Name : E

*

Sign : _________________

71

SAD Assignment

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