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Contents Topics Overview and Org. Structure
Invoice Verification/Valuation
Material Master
Automatic Account Determination
Purchasing Master Data Procurement Inventory Management/ Valuation
Overview and Organizational Structure
Definition: Logistics NCPDM (US National Committee on Physical Distribution Management) : "..physical distribution management .. is .. the integration of one or more activities for the purpose of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient flow of raw
materials, in-process inventory and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption..."
Resource Management in Capital Investment Expense/costs Cash Logistics long-term
short-term
Capital resources Logistics chain Procurement Purchase orders materials
Production Warehouse
Distributions
Sales Warehouse
services
Vendor
Sales orders products services
Material resources
Capacity resources
Customer
Overview of MM Material requirements planning
External procurement
Internal procurement
Purchasing
Production
Invoice verification Invoice receipt
Warehouse management
Goods receipt Inventory management
A
?
Goods issue
Internal and external accounting
Transfer posting
Sales and distribution
B
Master data Material Batch Vendor G/L accounts Customer Storage bins . . .
Procurement Process Order
Invoice
MRP
? 7
Invoice verification
1
Requirement determination
MM
Goods receipt and 6 inventory management
Materials management
2
Source determination
Order
Order follow-up
3
5 4
Order processing
Vendor selection
Organizational structures in R/3 Organizational units Company Controlling areas Sales organizations
Purchasing organizations
Company codes Valuation areas Plants Storage locations/batches/special stocks
Invent. mgmt w/o warehouse mgmt Company Code
Plants
0001
Storage locations
0001
0002
0001
0003
0002
Invent. mgmt with Warehouse mgmt Company Code
0001
Plants
Storage locations
0001
0002
0088
0088
Warehouse numbers
Storage types
Storage bins
0002
001
001
05-04-03
005
05-04-04
Valuation Client
Company codes
0001
Plants
0001
0002
0002
0003
Example for Valuation RC
Company codes
Mumbai plant
Delhi depot
VAL. AT CO.CODE
125/ BAG
125/ BAG
VAL. AT PLANT
125/ BAG
150/ BAG
Plants
Accounting Client
Company codes
0001
0002
Business area 0001
Business area 0001
Business area 0002
0003
Purchasing Organization 0001
Company (Group)
Company codes
0001
Purchasing organizations
Plants
0002
0001
0001
0002
0002
0003
0003
0004
Organizational Entities in Purchasing Purchasing group 1
Purchasing group 2
Purchasing organization 1
Purchasing organization 2
Purchasing organization
Plant 1
Plant 2
Plant 2
Plant 10
Material Master
Material master record General data Material number Description Units of measure Technical data
Plant-specific data
Valuation
Valuation price MRP/type Planned delivery time Valuation procedure Valuated quantity Purchasing group Batch indicator
Storage locationspecific data Storage time Stockfields
Warehouse Management system data
Sales-specific data
Unit of measure Palletting instruction
Delivering plant Sales texts
Forecast data Consumption data
Units of measure Base unit: Piece
4
Box (unit of issue)
16
72
Crate
Pallet
(order unit)
(sales unit)
Material data maintenance: accounting Valuation class
MART
Allowed values
ROH
3000 3010 7920 3000
HALB HIBE
Maintenance of material data Price control
S
Standardprice control: Valuation of standard price from the material master record
V
Moving average price control: Final delivered price (such as purchase order price) influences the valuation price
Purchasing Master Data
Purchasing Master Data The Vendor
The vendor Purchasing
Bank
purch ase order
DEUTSCHE MARK DEUTSCHE MARK
Payment
Material
DEUTSCHE MARK
Vendor Invoice
order
account
? = Goods receipt
Invoice verification
Organizational levels of vendor master record General data
Purchasing organization data
Company code 001 data Company code
Vendor master record General data Address Communication
Purchasing data Order currency Incoterms Minimum order value
Accounting data Bank data Payment transactions Account management
Valid for the whole group
Valid for one purchasing organization
Valid for the whole group or for one company code
Account group One-time account Account group
Type of number assignment
Interval for number assignment
Field selection
Control account Invoice
You Vendor Invoice
Enter invoice
G/L accounting
Accounts payable
Payables
Vendor A "Parallel"
Vendor
Purchasing Master Data Info Record
Purchasing info records Piece Piece % % Conditions Conditions
USD USD
Material
Info record Vendor A
Info record
Stock material M1
Info record Consumable material M2 Info record Vendor B
Info record
Service S1
Data in the purchasing info record General data
Texts
Vendor data Origin data Order unit
Control data
Prices and conditions
Delivery time Minimum quantity Tolerances
Gross price Discounts Freight
Price history Purchasing statistics Changes
Pricing Pricing procedure RM000
22 33
44
1.Price 2.Discount
PB00 RA00
11
Purchase order Vendor 123 Purchasing organization 2000 Item 10 PB00
120 pcs Price
$99
Condition type: PB00 Access sequence: PB01 Access sequence: PB01 1. Outline agreement 2. Vendor/material/ organizational level 3. Vendor/material group/ organizational level Records for condition type No valid record exists Valid record exists
55
Scale $100 for $99 for $98 for
1 pcs 100 pcs 200 pcs
Conditions Pricing procedure Condition type
PB00
Gross price Discount % Net price: Fixed freight charge +
Lotsizing procedures Exact lot size Static procedure
Lot sizing procedures
Periodic procedure
Fixed lot size Replenish to maximum stock level
Optimum procedure
Part period balancing
...
Groff procedure
Static Lot-sizing Procedures
Exact lot size
Quantity Inward movements Outward movements
Planned warehouse stock = Fixed lot size
Replenish to maximum stock level
Time
Periodic Lot-sizing Procedures Quantity
Time Period length
Inward movements Outward movements
Period length
Dynamic Planning Calculation Req. x Price x Storage costs % x Time in storage Storage costs = 100 x 365 Price : Lot fixed costs: Storage costs percentage : Requirement date 06.07.1994 13.07.1994 20.07.1994 27.07.1994
Req. quantity 1000 1000 1000 1000
Lot size 1000 2000 3000 4000
$ 20 $ 100 10 % Fixed costs Storage costs 100
Optimum
0 38.36 76.71 115.07
Part Period Balancing Req. x Price x Storage costs % x Time in storage Storage costs = 100 x 365 Price : Lot fixed costs: Storage costs percentage : Requirement date 06.07.1994 13.07.1994 20.07.1994 27.07.1994
Least Unit Cost Procedure Req. x Price x Storage costs x Time in storage Storage costs = 100 x 365 Price : Lot fixed costs : Storage costs percentage : Requirement date 06.07.1994 13.07.1994 20.07.1994 27.07.1994
GR w/o Reference to a Purch. Order or Production Order
Preplanning
without purchase order without production order
Goods receipt Initial entry of stock balance Without purchase order Without production order Goods receipt of by-products Delivery free of charge Returns from customer
Inventory Management Processing Stock Transfer / Transfer Postings
Transfer posting Transfer posting
Miscellaneous transfer postings
Stock transfer
From plant to plant
From storage location to storage location
From material to material
From QM to unrestricted use
From consignm. stores to warehouse
Valuation in the Case of Stock Transfer Issuing plant
Standardprice 2.00 Moving average price 2.00
Stock Stock plant plant 01 01 (( aa )) (( bb ))
200.00 200.00 200.00 200.00
100 pcs
(a) (a) (b) (b)
Expense Expense // revenue revenue from from stock stock transfer transfer 100.00 100.00
Warehouse mgmt: Transfer order Quality management: Inspection lot
Posting method for goods issue Stock account Stock value
Update on goods issue
Consumption account
Special Stocks and Special Procurement Types ❧ ❧ ❧ ❧ ❧ ❧ ❧ ❧
Consignment Subcontracting Stock Transfer with Stock Transport Order Third party processing Returnable Transport Packaging Pipeline handling Sales order stock Project Stock
Company’s Own Special Stock ❧ Stock of material provided to Vendor ❧ Consignment stock at Customer ❧ Returnable packaging stock at Customer
Company’s Own Special Stock Managed at plant level
Stock types ❧ Unrestricted use stock ❧ Quality inspection stock
Special Stocks ❧ ❧ ❧ ❧
Vendor Consignment Returnable Transport Packaging Sales order stock Project Stock
Physical Inventory ❧ Can be carried out for Company’s own stock and Special Stock ❧ Inventory for Company’s own stock and Special stock must be taken separately in different physical documents ❧ Physical inventory can be taken for Unrestricted-use stock in the warehouse Quality inspection stock Blocked stock
Account Determination Procedure: Overview Type of Transaction
Movement type based Transaction
Non-movement type based Transaction
Material Master "Type of Material" Material Type
Step 1 or 2 Value Posting String
Plant
Qty. Posting String Account Categ. Reference
Company Code
Step 3
Processing Key (GBB)
Rules Account modification
Valuation Class
Val. Grouping Code
Processing Key (AUF) Step 4
Legend Information derived from Transaction type Information derived from Material Master Information derived from the organiz. Structure Main Customizing area
G/L Account
Chart of Account
1
Automatic Posting: Maintenance of the Settings Selection of the valuation grouping code
2 Selection of the posting transaction
3
Allocation of the G/L account number(s) per valuation class (and account grouping code)