Steel Properties

More About Steel Alloys Chemical Composition Limits (%) of Steel Alloys—Iron makes up the remaining percentage. Warning: Chemical properties are not guaranteed and are intended only as a basis for comparison. Data is not for design purposes.

Grade

1074/1075 1095

Carbon 0.25-0.29% 0.15-0.20% 0.43-0.50% 0.60-0.70% 0.75% 0.90-1.03%

0.6-1.20% 0.60-0.90% 0.60-0.90% 0.60-0.90% 0.57% 0.30-0.50%

0. 0 .15-0.40% 0.15-0.30% 0.15-0.30% 0.15-0.30% 0.17% 0.15-0.30%

Phosphorus 0.04% 0-0.04% 0-0.04% 0-0.035% 0.013% 0-0.04%

1117

<2%

<2%

<1%

<1%

A36 1018 1045 1065

1144 12L14 1215 4130 4140/4142 Modified 4140 (ETD-150) 41L40 4150 4340 8620 E52100 A2 A6

Manganese Silicon

Sulfur 0.05% 0-0.05% 0-0.05% 0-0.045% 0-0.015% 0-0.05%

<1% 0.240.40-0.48 0.40-0.48% % 1.35-1.65 1.35-1.65% % 0.15-0.30 0.15-0.30% % 0-0.04% 0-0.04% 0.33% 0.260.15% 0.85-1.15% None 0.04-0.09% 0.35% 0.260.09% 0.75-1.05% None 0.04-0.09% 0.35% 0.400.28-0.33% 0.060% 0.20-0.35% 0-0.04% 0-0.04% 0.38 0.38-0 -0.4 .45% 5% 0.75 0.75-1 -1.0 .00% 0% 0.15 0.15-0 -0.3 .30% 0% 0-0. 0-0.04 04% % 0-0. 0-0.04 04% %

0.40 0.40% % min. min. 0.38.38-0. 0.43 43% % 0.48 0.48-0 -0.5 .53% 3% 0.38 0.38-0 -0.4 .43% 3% 0.18 0.18-0 -0.2 .23% 3% 0.95.95-1. 1.10 10% % 0.95.95-1. 1.05 05% % 0.65-0.75%

0.7 0.755-1. 1.00 00% % 0.75 0.75-1 -1.0 .00% 0% 0.75 0.75-1 -1.0 .00% 0% 0.60 0.60-0 -0.8 .80% 0% 0.7 0.700-0. 0.90 90% % 0.25 0.25-0 -0.4 .45% 5% 0-1 0-1.00 .00% 1.80-2.45%

0.20 0.20-0 -0.3 .35% 5% 0.15.15-0. 0.30 30% % 0.20 0.20-0 -0.3 .35% 5% 0.20 0.20-0 -0.3 .35% 5% 0.20 0.20-0 -0.3 .35% 5% 0.20.20-0. 0.35 35% % 0-0. -0.50% 50% 0.20-0.40%

0-0 0-0.0 .035 35% % Non None 0-0. 0-0.04 04% % 0-0. 0-0.02 025% 5% 0-0 0-0.0 .04% 4% 0-0. 0-0.02 025% 5% Non None None

0-0. 0-0.04 04% % None one 0-0. 0-0.04 04% % 0-0. 0-0.02 025% 5% 0-0. 0-0.04 04% % 0-0. 0-0.02 025% 5% None one None

Chromium None None None None 0.014% None

Molybdenum Vanadium

Other

None None None None None None

None None None None None None

No N one

None

<1%

0-0.20% Copper None None None 0.012% Nickel None <1% Aluminum, <1% Bismuth, and <1% Colombian

No N one

None

None

Trace Nitrogen

No N one

None

None

0.15-0.35% Lead

None

None

None

None

0.80-1.10% 0.80 0.80-1 -1.1 .10% 0%

0.15-0.25% 0.15 0.15-0 -0.2 .25% 5%

None None None

None None None

0.80 0.80-1 -1.1 .10% 0% 0.80 0.80-1 -1.1 .10% 0% 0.80 0.80-1 -1.1 .10% 0% 0.70 0.70-0 -0.9 .90% 0% 0.40 0.40-0 -0.6 .60% 0% 1.30 1.30-1 -1.6 .60% 0% 4.75 4.75-5 -5.5 .50% 0% 0.90-1.10% 11.0013. 13.00% 00% 4.75 4.75-5 -5.5 .50% 0%

0.15 0.15-0 -0.2 .25% 5% 0.15 0.15-0 -0.2 .25% 5% 0.18 0.18-0 -0.2 .25% 5% 0.20 0.20-0 -0.3 .30% 0% 0.15 0.15-0 -0.2 .25% 5% Non None 0.90 0.90-1 -1.4 .40% 0% 1.20-1.50%

None None None None None None None None None None None None 0.15 0.15-0 -0.5 .50 0% None

None None 0.15 0.15-0 -0..35% 35% Lead Lead None None 1.65 1.65-2 -2.0 .00% 0% Nick Nickel el 0.40 0.40-0 -0.7 .70% 0% Nick Nickel el None one 0-0 0-0.30% .30% Nick Nickel el None

0.70 0.70-1 -1.2 .20 0% 1.10 1.10-1 -1.7 .75% 5%

H13

1.40-1.60% 0-0.60% 0-0.60% None 0.32 0.32-0 -0.4 .45% 5% 0.2 0.200-0. 0.50 50% % 0.80 0.80-1 -1.2 .20% 0% Non None e

None None None

M2/M7

0.80 0.80-1 -1.0 .02% 2% 0.20 0.20-0 -0.3 .35% 5% 0.20 0.20-0 -0.4 .40% 0% None None

3.50 3.50-4 -4.4 .40% 0%

4.75 4.75-9 -9.1 .10% 0%

M4

1.42%

None None 0.060.22%

0-1. 0-1.10 10% % 0-0 0-0.30% .30% Nick Nickel el 0.80 0.80-1 -1.2 .20% 0% 0-0 0-0.3 .30% 0% Nick Nickel el 1.50-6.75% 1.75 1.75-2 -2.2 .20% 0% Tungsten

4.00%

5.25%

4.00%

M42 M50

1.05 1.05-1 -1.1 .13% 3% 0.15 0.15-0 -0.3 .30% 0% 0.15 0.15-0 -0.4 .40% 0% None None 0.81% 0.25% 0.20% 0.008%

None None 0.008%

3.50 3.50-4 -4.0 .00% 0% 4.00%

9.25 9.25-9 -9.7 .75% 5% 4.25%

O1 P20 S7

0.85-1.00% 0.28-0.40% 0.47.47-0. 0.55 55% % 0.45.45-0. 0.55 55% %

None None 0-0. 0-0.03 03% % None one

0.40-0.60% 1.65-1.80% Non None 3.00 3.00-3 -3.5 .50% 0%

None 0.40-0.48% 0.30 0.30-0 -0.6 .60% 0% 1.30 1.30-1 -1.5 .50% 0%

W1

0.60-1 0.60-1.40 .40% % 0.10-0 0.10-0.40 .40% % 0.10-0 0.10-0.40 .40% % 0-0.02 0-0.025% 5%

5.50% Tungsten 1.40-1.60% Tungsten, 1.05 1.05-1 -1.2 .25% 5% 7.75-8.25% Cobalt 1.00% None 0.40-0.60% 0.-0.25% Tungsten None None 0-0. 0-0.50 50% % None one 0-0. 0-0.30 30% % None one 0-0.10% max. None

Cast Gray Iron

2.62.6-3. 3.75 75% %

None

None

None

None

D2

S2

3.5-3. 3.9% 9% Cast Ductile Iron 3.5-

0.30-0.70% None

1.00-1.35% 0.65-0.95% 0.30 0.30-0 -0.5 .50% 0% 0.20 0.20-0 -0.7 .70% 0%

0.20-0.45% 0.40-0.60% 0.90.90-1. 1.10 10% % 0.20.20-1. 1.00 00% %

0.60 0.60-0 -0.9 .95% 5% 1.81.8-3. 3.0% 0% 0.15 0.15-0 -0.3 .35% 5%

2.25 2.25-3 -3.0 .0% %

None

None None 0-0. 0-0.03 03% % Non None

0-0.02 0-0.025% 5% 0-0.1 0-0.15% 5% max. max. None None 0.07% 0.12 0.12% % max. max. max. None None 0.025% 0.05 0.05% % max. max. max. None None

Copyright ஽ 2007 McMaster-Carr Supply Company. All rights reserved.

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Document 88645KAC

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C o p y r i g h t ஽ 2 0 0 7 M c M a s t P er a C g ar e r S u 2 p p o l f y 8 C o m p a n y . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d .

D o c u m e n t 8 8 6 4 5 K A C

( C o n t i n u e d o n n e x t p a g e )

4 1 5 0

0 .2 8 4

3 0

2 2 . 3

2 3

0 s .1 e c 0 . 2 / ° g C / s ( @ q . 2 c 0 m ° / C c m ) /

0 s .1 e 0 c 2 . c / ° C a l / s ( @ q . 2 c 0 m ° C / c ) m /

4 1 L 4 0

0 .2 8 3

2 8 3 0

M o d i f i e d 4 1 4 0 ( E T D -1 5 0 )

0 .2 8 3

4 1 4 2

0 .2 8 3

2 8 3 0

N o t r a t e d

2 2

4 1 4 0

2 9

0 .2 8 3

3 0

4 1 1 2 3 N 1 0 o 5 0 t r a t e d

.2 8 4

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

2 2

2 2 . 3

N o t r a t e d

0 s .1 e 0 c . c / ° a l C / s ( @ q . 2 c 0 m ° / C c ) m /

2 4 .7

0 s .1 e 0 c 2 . c / ° C a l / s ( @ q . 2 c 0 m ° C / c ) m /

N o t r a t e d

( 0 ° 6 . t o 3 2 × 1 0 0 0 – ° 6 F )

( 7 0 ° 7 . t o 1 × 6 1 0 0 0 6 – ° F )

( 7 0 ° 7 . t o 1 × 5 1 7 0 2 6 – ° F )

( 6 8 7 ° . 6 t o 7 7 × 1 5 0 2 – ° 6 F )

( 6 8 ° 7 . t o 6 × 7 1 5 0 2 6 – ° F )

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o A n r mn a e a l i l z e e d d

A s r o l l e d

A s d r a w n


a n Q N ( f d u o A u n t e r l mn l e n a e h m c a p h i l a l r e e z e d e r d d d ) e d


C o l d d r a w n

C o l d d r a w n

1 1 5 0 5 0

1 3 7 . 6

1 4 0 8 5

9 6 . 8

1 2 3 2

3 1 1 9 1 7

1 9

2 3 5 -2 7 7

1 5 0

1 3 0

1 0 . 5

3 0 2

1 3 9 2 5

9 6 3 4

1 2 9 5

2 1 7 9 0 5

2 5 7

1 9 4 8 5

9 8 7 1 . 3

2 3 8

9 6 5 0 . 5

6 5 3 2 . 3 . 3

8

5 1 0

1 2 8 6

3 1 0 9 2 7

2 2 5 8

1 1 9 5 7 6

N o t r a t e d

8 7 . 5

7 5

1 5

1 8 7

N o t r a t e d

7 8

6 0

1 0

1 6 3

1 2 L N 1 o 4 t

1 1 4 N 4 o

r a t e d

t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

1 1 1 7

0 .2 8 3

3 0

1 8

N o t r a t e d

2 7

N o t r a t e d

1 1 0 0 9 N 7 5 o 4 t / 1 r 0 a t 7 e 5 d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

0 .2 8 3

2 8

1 6 . 3 @ 3 2 ° F

1 0 6 5

0 .2 8 3

2 9 3 0

1 6 .2 @ 3 2 ° F

1 0 4 5

0 .2 8 3

2 8 3 0

1 5 . 9 ° @ 3 2 ° F

1 0 1 8

0 .2 8 4

A 3 l 6 b D N s

. e o / n m c s u i i n . t y a i n , l .

2 9 3 0

M p E o l s a d i u × s t l i 1 c u 0 t i s 6 y , o f

1 5 . 9 @ 3 2 ° F

m E l i e c c ( r u o t n h r i l m c e s - a s c l R n m o e s t i e @ s d 6 t ) 8 i v i ° t F y ,

3 0 @ 3 2 ° F

@ 2 B 1 t 2 u ° / s C F q o T n h ( .f d e u t u n / r . m l f c e t i a s t . v / s h t i l r y n / . o ° t e F d )

N o t r a t e d

2 8 .7 5

2 9 .4

2 9 .4

N o t r a t e d

( 7 0 ° 8 t o .1 1 × 2 1 0 0 – 0 6 ° F )

N o t r a t e d

( 3 2 ° 7 . t o 5 × 7 1 5 0 2 6 – ° F )

( 3 2 ° 7 . t o 4 × 7 1 5 0 2 6 – ° F )

( 3 2 ° 7 . t o 5 × 7 1 5 0 2 6 – ° F )

( 6 7 8 0 . ° - 6 3 9 × 1 2 0 ° – F 6 )

E x p C a o n e T h s f f i c i e o n e i r m p n a t e l r o ° f F

S t r e s s r e l i e v e d

C o l d d r a w n

N o r m a l i z e d

N o t r a t e d




A s r o l l e d

C o n d i t i o n

1 1 5

N o t r a t e d

1 4 2

N o t r a t e d

6 6 6 0

5 8 8 0

S T t r e k e n n s s i g i l t h e ,

8 0

N o t r a t e d

5 4 0 4

3 6

S t r Y k e i s n e l i g d t h ,

8

N o t r a t e d

3 3 6 5

1 8 -2 3

E l o n % g a t i o n

1 1 3 2 5 7

N o t r a t e d

( u n H l a e r s B d s r i n n n e e o l l s t e s d , )

1 0 5

5 8

1 0

N o t r a t e d

2 2 9

1 3 7

2 8 5

N o t r a t e d

1 9 2 0 1

6 5 5 4

1 2 6 3

2 1 4 8 5 0

9 9 5 0

6 5 0 5

2 2 3 6

1 1 9 8 0 0

W a r n i n g : P h y s i c a l a n d m e c h a n i c a l p r o p e r t i e s a r e n o t g u a r a n t e e d a n d a r e i n t e n d e d o n yl a s a b a s i s f o r c o m p a r i s o n . D a t a i s n o t f o r d e s i g n p u r p o s e s . N o t e :

1 k s i = 1 0 0 0 p s i .

M o r e A b o u t S t e e l A l l o y s

M 7 0 .2 8 7

2 9 3 0

N o t r a t e d


D o c u m e n t 8 8 6 4 5 K A C

( C o n t i n u e d o n n e x t p a g e )

M 4

M 2

0 .2 8 8

0 .2 9 4

3 1

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

0 .2 7 9

3 0 . 5

H 1 3

D 2 0 .2 8

2 8

N o t r a t e d

A 6 0 .2 9

2 9 3 0

N o t r a t e d

A 2 0 .2 8

0 .2 3

2 9 . 5

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

1 1 . 6 -1 3 . 3

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

1 2 . 0 3

N o t r a t e d

( 7 0 ° 7 . t o 0 × 8 1 0 0 0 6 – ° F )

( 1 0 0 6 . ° 5 t o 8 × 8 1 0 0 0 6 – ° F )

( 6 8 6 ° . 6 t o 3 7 × 1 5 0 2 – ° 6 F )

( 7 0 ° 8 . t o 1 × 8 1 0 0 0 6 – ° F )

( 6 6 8 9 ° . t -7 o . 7 4 5 × 1 0 0 ° – F 6 )

( 7 0 ° 7 . t o 9 × 9 1 0 0 0 6 – ° F )

( 2 0 0 7 ° . 9 t o 1 1 × 2 1 0 0 – 0 6 ° F )

t e Q a d b o 2 m u u o b 2 p e n v l 0 e c 0 r h e e ° e 9 t F d e 0 e d 0 m w f r a ° p / o n F e m d r

A n n e a l e d

w 2 t e Q a / 1 m u b d 5 o o u 0 p e n v e e b ° -2 r c h l e e 9 2 d e 0 t 7 d 0 e 5 f r a ° m ° o n F p F m d e r

A n n e a l e d

w / a 1 f r n Q 0 o 0 m d u 0 t e ° 1 e n F 8 m c 2 p h t e 5 e e r d m ° e p F d e r

t e w m / f a r n Q p 6 o e 0 m d u r 0 t e f ° 1 e n o m c r F 5 p h 2 d 5 0 e h o ° e r d e o u u b F d l r e s

f r 1 o 0 m a n Q 5 d 0 1 u A ° 7 t e n n F 5 e n 0 m c e a t e ° p h e l m F e e d r d p w e e i d r t h

3 9 2 . 8

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

2 7 8

2 9 2 . 5

2 1 4

2 6 4 . 3

9 8

N o t r a t e d

6 0

4 0 8

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

2 8

1

2 5 5

R B o 9 c 2 k - w 9 9 e l l

R o c k w e l l C 5 6


2 2 5 -2 5 5

7 4

1


2 5 3

2 0 0

3


0 .2 8 3

l b DN s e o . / n m c s u i i n . t y a i n , l .

3 0 @ 1 2 0 ° F

N o t r a t e d

2 1 . 6 7


6 . 9 × 1 0

N o t r a t e d

( 0 ° 8 t o .1 1 × 2 1 0 0 0 6 – ° F )


C o A l n d n d e a r l a w e d n

A A s n n d e r a a l w e n d

a n Q N ( f d u o A u n t e r l mn l e n a e h m c a p h i l a l r e e z e d e r d d d ) e d

C o n d i t i o n

– 6

7 0 -1 0 3

1 0 7

5 1

8 7 . 5


4 3 4 0


N o t r a t e d

2 6

8 6 2 0

2 9 3 0

N o t r a t e d

1 h 6 . 6 r . / ° B F t u @ / s 1 q 2 .f 0 t . 0 / i ° n F c h /

N o t r a t e d


2 9

N o t r a t e d

E 5 2 1 0 0

1 7

2 2 9

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

1 8 1 0 8

1 0 8 1 0

1 1 5 8

2 1 2 7 3 9

2 8 7

2 7 0

1 1

5 2 0

1 1 8 2 0 0


1 8 4 5 0


1 8 8


3 2 7 5 0 0



1 k s i = 1 0 0 0 p s i .


C C a a s t s t 0 D 0 G . u 2 . r 2 6 c 6 a y t i l I e r o I n r o n


D o c u m e n t 8 8 6 4 5 K A C

W 1 0 .2 8 3

2 5

2 0

3 0

7 5 m i c r o h m s × c m

1 1 0 m i c r o h m s × c m

1 8 . 0 o h m c i r . m i l . / f t .

1 8 . 6 8

6 .4 × 1 0

– 6

A s c a s t

3 0 . 8 4

5 . 5 × 1 0

– 6

A s c a s t

S 7 0 .2 8 1

2 9 3 0

N o t r a t e d

S 2 0 .2 8 1

3 0

N o t r a t e d

2 8 3 0

N o t r a t e d

O 1 0 .2 8 3

0 .2 8 1

3 1 3 2

3 0 3 1

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

0 .2 8 2

M 4 b 2 sl D N

. e o / n m c s u i i n . t y a i n , l .

3 0


N o t r a t e d


N o t r a t e d


1 6 . 5

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

( 6 8 7 ° . 6 t o 4 9 × 1 3 0 2 – ° 6 F )

( 7 0 ° 7 . t o 6 × 9 1 3 0 2 6 – ° F )

( 1 0 0 7 ° . 5 t o × 1 8 0 0 – 0 6 ° F )

( 7 0 ° 7 . t o 6 × 8 1 0 0 0 6 – ° F )

( 1 0 0 7 ° . 1 t o × 1 8 0 0 – 0 6 ° F )

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d


t o a r n Q 4 f d 0 o 0 m t u ° e e n F 1 4 m c 5 p h t e 0 e e m ° r d p F e e d r

w / f a r n 6 o 0 m d Q 0 t u ° 1 e e n F 7 m c 2 p h t e 5 e e m ° r d p F e d e r

w / 1 t e Q m u 4 5 5 0 0 p e 0 ° e n ° - r c h F 1 e e 6 d d t e 0 f m 0 r a ° o n p F m d e r

w / a 1 f r n Q 1 o 5 m d u 0 t e ° 1 e n F 5 m c 5 p h t e 0 e e r d m ° e p F d e r

t o a f r n 6 o 0 m d Q A 0 t u n ° e e n n F 1 4 m c e a 7 p h e t l e 5 e e m ° r d d p F e e d r

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d

C o n d i t i o n

3 3 0

1 4 4 . 5

8 5

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d


7 0

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d


2 5

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d


1 8 5

N o t r a t e d

N o t r a t e d


2 1 8

2 8 5

4 0

5 5

N o t r a t e d

6

N o t r a t e d

1 1

1 0

4

2 4 1




1 5 0

2 3 0

2 9 0

2 8 0

1 1 0

2 7 2

1 8

N o t r a t e d

2 6 2 3 2 1

R C o 5 c 7 k - w 6 2 e l l

N o t r a t e d

M 5 0

N o t r a t e d

8 0

2 2 9

0 .2 8 3

P 2 0


1 k s i = 1 0 0 0 p s i .


Guidelines for Heat Treating Tool Steel A2

A6

Hardening: Preheat thoroughly at 1450°-1500° F, then raise to a hardening temperature between 1700° and 1800° F, and cool in air to 150° F. For larger sections, use high-end hardness range; for thin or smaller sections, use the lower end. Quench in still air and then temper immediately.

Hardening: Preheating is unnecessary. Heat to 1550°-1625° F and hold until the material is heated throughout. Cool the material in freely circulating air to below 150° F before tempering. Tempering time is 2 hours, but sections larger than 2Љ should be tempered for a minimum of 1 hour per inch.

Tempering Data

Tempering Data

Tempering Temperature

Typical Rockwell Hardness



As Quenched

63.5C-65C

300° F

60C-61C

300° F

62.5C-64C

400° F

58C-59C

400° F

61C-62C

600° F

55C-56C

500° F

59C-59.5C

800° F

52C-53C

600° F

58C

1000° F

48C-49C

800° F

56C-57C

Annealing: Heat slowly and uniformly to 1550°-1600° F, hold at temperature for 2 hours and then cool slowly at a rate of 40° F per hour maximum.

D2

Annealing: Heat slowly and uniformly to 1400°-1425° F. Cool in furnace at a rate of 20° F per hour maximum. Hardness will be 241 Brinell maximum.

H13

Hardening: When heating for hardening, it is necessary to protect the steel with some inert material packed in sealed containers, or to heat it in a well-regulated salt bath or controlled atmosphere furnace. Preheat to 1200° F and hold at this temperature until thoroughly soaked, usually about an hour for each inch of greatest thickness. Heat to 1850° F and hold at this temperature at least 11 ⁄ 2 hours foreach inch of thickness. The pieces may then be removed from the container or furnace and cooled in still air to a temperature of 150° F and tempered immediately. Air blast cooling may be used on heavy sections.

Hardening: Heat slowly to 1500° F at a rate not to exceed 200° F per hour. Hold for 1 hour per inch of thickness. Austenitize at 1825°-1905° F for 15-40 minutes. Quench in air or in a salt bath held at 1105°-1200° F. Hold in the quench until material reaches the temperature of the bath, withdraw, and allow to cool in air. Tempering Data

Tempering Data



300° F

63C

400° F

61C

500° F

59C

600° F

58C

800° F

58C



300° F

49C-50C

500° F

50C

700° F

50C-51C

900° F

52C-53C

1100° F

46C-50C

Annealing: Heat to 1555°-1650° F. Hold 1 hour per inch of cross section. Cool slowly in furnace to 1000° F at a rate not to exceed 55° F per hour, after which a faster cooling rate will not affect final hardness. Hardness will be 192-229 Brinell.

Annealing: Packing in some inert material in a sealed container to prevent decarburization is recommended; otherwise, use a controlled atmosphere furnace. Heat slowly to approximately 1650° F and hold at that temperature for about 11 ⁄ 2 hours for each inch of greatest thickness. Cool slowly at a rate of about 20°-25° F per hour to 1000° F, after which it may be allowed to cool down with the furnace. It may also be annealed without slow-cooling in the furnace, provided that after it has reached about 1200° F it is reheated to 1425° F and held at that temperature for 5 hours followed by air cooling.


Page 5 of 8

Document 88645KAC

Guidelines for Heat Treating Tool Steel M2

M4

Hardening: Preheat slowly to 1350°-1550° F and hold until thoroughly heated. Next, heat rapidly to 2150°-2275° F. Total heating time varies from a few minutes to a maximum of 15 minutes depending on the size of the piece. Oil quenching is recommended for developing full hardness, although air quenching and quenching in hot salt can also be done. When the material has reached a temperature of 150° to 200° F in the quench, temper immediately. The best tempering range is 1000°1100° F. Double tempering is recommended. Tempering Data



As Hardened

64C-65C

300° F

Hardening: Preheat to 1500°-1550° F. Preheat a second time to 1850°-1900° F, which is suggested for high-temperature hardening in a vacuum. Use a high heat of 2150°-2200° F for cutting tools. For cold applications, use a temperature of 1876°-2125° F. Quench in oil, salt, or atmosphere to 1000°-1100° F, then air cool to below 125° F. Vacuum or atmosphere quench between 1850° and 1300° F. This range is critical to achieve optimum heat treat response. Double temper at 1000° F minimum. Triple temper recommended when hardening from 2100° F and higher. Two hours minimum each temper. Air cool to room temperature between tempers. Tempering Data



64C-65C

As Quenched

59.5C-66C

400° F

62C-63C

1000° F

58.5C-66C

600° F

61C

1100° F

54C-62.5C

800° F

61C-62C

1000° F

64C-65C

1100° F

63C-64C

Annealing: Heat to 1600°, hold for 2 hours, then slowcool at 30° F per hour to a maximum of 1000° F. Air or furnace cool to room temperature. Hardness will be 225-255 Brinell.

Annealing: Heat to 1600°-1650° F, then cool in a furnace at 30°-40° F per hour to 900° F. Air cool. Hardness will be 241 Brinell maximum.

M42

M50

Hardening: Preheat at 1350°-1555° F. Preheating time, after all sections of the material have reached equal temperature, should be twice the length of required time required at the austenitizing temperature. Heat rapidly from the preheated temperature to the austenitizing temperature.Austenitize at 2125°-2175° F for 2-5minutes.Quench in oil, air, or salt.

Hardening: Preheat to 1500° F and equalize. Transfer parts to superheatedfurnace at 2010° F. Superheatonly long enough to allow material to reach temperature of superheated furnace; follow immediately by quenching to room temperature. Then cool material to approximately –105° F and hold for 1 hour. Double temper at 1000° F. Tempering Data

Tempering Data



As Quenched

64C-65C

200° F

63-64C

400°

63C

600° F

62C

800° F

64C

1000° F

70C

1200° F

53C

Annealing: Heat to 1600°-1650° F. Material should be held at temperature for 1 hour per inch of thickness. Cool slowly in the furnace to 1200° F at a rate not to exceed 40° F per hour. Hardness will be 235-269 Brinell.



As Quenched

64C-65C

900° F

60C-62C

950° F

61C-63C

1000° F

62C-64C

1050° F

61C-63C

1100° F

60C-62C

1150° F

55C-58C

1200° F

53C-56C

Annealing: Heat uniformly to 1555°-1650° F, then cool slowly at a rate not to exceed 20° F per hour. Hardness will be 235 Brinell.


Page 6 of 8

Document 88645KAC

Guidelines for Heat Treating Tool Steel O1

P20

Hardening: Heat slowly to 1450°-1550° F; hold at temperature for 10-30 minutes. Oil quench; temper according to chart below.

Hardening: Heat to 1500°-1650° F, using the higher end for larger pieces. Hold at the hardening temperature for 1 hour per inch of the greatest thickness. Quench in oil to 150° F and temper immediately.

Tempering Data Tempering Data



As Quenched

64C-65C

300° F

64C-65C

400° F

61C-62C

500° F



400° F

53C

600° F

50C

800° F

46C

1000° F

41C

1200° F

26C

58C-59C

600° F

56C-57C

800° F

51C-52C

1000° F

44C

Annealing: Heat to 1400°-1500° F and hold for 1 hour per inch of the greatest thickness. Cool at a rate of 40° F per hour to 1000° F, then air cool to room temperature. Hardness will be 212 Brinell max.

Annealing: Heat to 1400°-1450° F, cool at a maximum rate of 40° F per hour to 900° F and then air cool. Hardness will be 183-212 Brinell.

S2

S7

Hardening: Heat slowly. Preheat to 1200° F. Austenitize at 1555°1650° F, hold for 5-20 minutes, then quench in brine (salt water) or water. Tempering Data



As Quenched

58C-62C

200° F

57C-61C

400° F

Hardening: Preheat thoroughly to 1200°-1300° F and raise to an austenitizing temperature of 1700°-1750° F in a furnace for 30 minutes per inch of greatest thickness. Sections up to 21 ⁄ 2Љ thick may be cooled in air. Sections 21 ⁄ 2Љ to 6Љ thick should be quenched in oil until black (1000° F) then air cooled to 150° F. Sections larger than 6Љ should be oil quenched to 150° F and tempered immediately. Material should be held at least 2 hours at the tempering temperature before air cooling. Tempering Data



56C-58C

400° F

57C-58.5C

600° F

54C-55C

600° F

54C

800° F

49C-50C

800° F

52.5C

1000° F

50.5C-51.5C

1200° F

37.5C

Annealing: Heat to 1400°-1455° F. Use lower limit for small sections and upper limit for large sections. Holding time varies from approximately 1 hour for small sections to approximately 4 hours for large sections. Cool at a rate not to exceed 40° F per hour. Hardness will be 192-217 Brinell.

Annealing: Heat to 1500°-1550° F in an inert material. Hold at temperature for 1-11 ⁄ 2 hours for each inch of greatest thickness. Cool slowly at a maximum rate of 25° F per hour to below 1000° F, then air cool to a hardness of 187-223 Brinell.


Page 7 of 8

Document 88645KAC

Guidelines for Heat Treating Tool Steel W1 Hardening: Heat slowly to 1400°-1555° F; using temperatures at the upper end of the temperature range will increase hardenability. Austenitize for 10 minutes for small sections; up to 30 minutes for large sections. Quench in agitated water or brine (salt water). Tempering Data



As Quenched

66C-67C

300° F

64C-65C

400° F

61C-62C

500° F

58C-59C

600° F

54C-55C

700° F

50C-51C

800° F

46C-47C

Annealing: Heat to 1365°-1455° F. Use lower limit for small sections and upper limit for large sections. Holding time varies. Sections up to 1 Љ require at least 20 minutes; 8Љ sections require 21 ⁄ 2 hours. For pack annealing, hold for 1 hour per inch of cross section. Cool to 1000° F at a rate not to exceed 50° F per hour, after which controlled cooling is not necessary. Hardness will be 156-201 Brinell.

Cast Gray Iron and Cast Ductile Iron Hardening: Can be hardened by conventional quench and temper methods. Tempering Data



Oil quench 1600° F

50C


Page 8 of 8

Document 88645KAC

Steel Properties

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