MINERÍA Y METALURGIA SEDE ANTOFAGASTA
CASO MINERIA RAJO ABIERTO II
NOMBRE: Matías Castillón Jorge But Felipe Aguirre CARRERA: Ingeniería en Minas ASIGNATURA: Taller Minero I SECCIÓN: 1037 PROFESOR: 28/06/2018 FECHA: 19/06/2018
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Tabla de Contenidos 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Resumen Ejecutivo…………………………………………………………………………..1 Introducción Antecedentes Teóricos Antecedentes Geológicos Carta Gantt 5.1 Actividades Principales 5.2 Duración del Proyecto 5.3 Estimación de Recursos…………………………………… 6. Selección y Dimensión Equipos de Perforación ……………………………………….. 6.1 Proveedor 6.2 Modelo 6.3 N° de Equipos 6.4 Diámetro de Perforación 6.5 RPM y Pulldown 6.6 Metodologías y Criterios de la selección s elección 7. Secuencia de Obtención de Variables Rajo Abierto …………………………………… 7.1 Clasificación: Tipos de Obtención de Variables………………………………………… 7.1.1 Obtención Velocidad de Penetración………………………………… 7.1.2 Obtención Velocidad Media de Perforación…………………………….. 7.1.3 Descripción Metodología y Criterios de Velocidad……………………………. 7.1.4 Obtención Caudal de Aire (Barrido de Detritus)……………………………… 7.1.5 Descripción Metodología y Criterios del Caudal de Aire…………………….. 8. Explicación de Selección: 8.1 Brocas 8.2 Insertos 8.3 Varillaje 8.4 Accesorios de Perforación (Macizo Rocoso) 9. Selección de Proveedores y Tipos de Explosivos 9.1 Clasificación: Características y Análisis de la Selección 9.1.1 Densidad – Presión de Detonación – Energía – Resistencia al Agua 9.1.2 Análisis de la Selección 10. Proceso de Carguío y Manipulación de Explosivos 10.1 Determinación de Equipos y Recursos Asociados 11. Malla de Perforación Pe rforación o Diagrama Diagram a de Disparo 11.1 Burden y Espaciamiento 11.2 Explicación Metodologías 12. Conclusión………………………………………………………………………………….
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1 Resumen Ejecutivo
.
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2 Introducción
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3. Antecedentes Teóricos La faena minera Norte Azul ubicada en la Región de Antofagasta a 4000 msnm, trabaja con un régimen de 2 turnos por día y 12 horas por turno. Considerando 360 días al año. Esta empresa ha contratado sus servicios de consultoría y asesoría para la Ingeniería básica del proyecto Fase II por un periodo de 5 años. Cuyos objetivos son definir y establecer los equipos de perforación y explosivos que permita su ejecución por parte de un tercero y poder cumplir la producción estipulada. (Se requiere precorte) Esta faena explota mediante Minería Rajo Abierto un yacimiento Pórfido Cuprífero, la cual tiene una alimentación mineral de cobre a chancado primario de 65.000.000 [t/año]. Se sabe que la mina posee un REM de 2,5. A usted como especialista se le exige determinar la geo metría de las labores de explotación bajo su criterio técnico. Superintendencia de Geología a definido que el tipo de roca es de origen Ígnea extrusiva formada en un magma básico, con un bajo % de cuarzo (40 - 50%) aproximadamente, posee una densidad de 2,9 [t/m3].
Información Geomecánica RQD Información de las diaclasas Ff/m Longitud Abertura Rugosidad Relleno Alteraciones Agua freática Estado General
77
%
1 m 0,5 m 0,1 mm Liso Relleno blando <2 mm Inalterada No Seco
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4. Antecedentes Geológicos
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5. Carta Gantt
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6. Selección y Equipos de Perforación y su rendimiento
Método perforación
de Rotativa y martillo en fondo – Single Pass
Diámetro barreno
del
/"
Empuje hidráulico
100000 lbf
Tracción hidráulica
50000 lbf
Peso sobre la broca 110000 lb Profundidad en una 19,8 pasada Profundidad máxima de barreno
45m
Peso estimado
31000 lb
Proveedor
Atlas copco
Modelo
Pit viper 351
N° equipos
10
Rotación
1800 rpm
Pull down
80.000 lb
Dimensiones
Ancho: Alto: Largo: 16.4m
8.1m 31.6m
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6. Secuencia de Obtención de Variables Rajo Abierto 6.1 Clasificación: Tipos de Obtención de Variables 6.1.1 Obtención Velocidad de Penetración Datos Calculo SC = 43, 51 (miles de psi) W = 80,00 (miles (miles de libras)
∅
=
RPM
10,625 pulgadas = 30
= (210115log) 210115log ) ∗ ∅ ∗ = (210115 log43,51)1) ∗ ,, ∗ =21,56∗7,529∗0,1 a mts/ hrs =16,23 ℎ =4,7 ℎ
VP = X Cálculos necesarios De MPA a PSI
Sabiendo que 1 MPA = 145,038 300*145,038 = 43.511,4 /1000 = 43,51 (miles de PSI) Diámetro de perforación
∅
=
() = ∗, = 10/
”
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6.1.4 Obtención Caudal de Aire (Barrido de Detritus) Datos
Calculo
= Caudal
= (,−) −,) (, = ,
= 0,027 Metros = 0,023 Metros Va = 600
3 =8,16
Cálculos Necesarios Va = Velocidad ascensional
= 2,9 (g/cm3) = 2 (mm) (mm)
=250∗ ,,∗ ,, =250∗2,9 ∗ 2 =600
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7 Explicación de la Selección 7.1 Brocas 7.2 Insertos 7.3 Varillaje 7.4 Accesorios de Perforación
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Tricono de 9 5/8 con insertos de tungsteno se escogió el Tricono, porque se acopla perfectamente a la perforadora, e s adecuado para el macizo rocoso ya que con sus puntas que tienen tungsteno hace que la perforación sea más eficaz
Selección de Proveedores y Tipos de Explosivos 7.5 Clasificación: Características y Análisis de la Selección 7.5.1 Densidad – Presión de Detonación – Energía – Resistencia al Agua Nombre del explosivo Anfo all-6
Densidad 0.8
Presión de detonación 43Kbar
Energía 4.597
Resistencia al agua Nula
Velocidad de detonación 4.600
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Determinación de equipo y recursos asociados al procesos de Carguio y manipulación Datos
formula
B = 6,64 m E= 9.29 m HB= 12 m P= 1.32m
= ∗∗∗ + , ∗, ∗∗, = +, == 161,115 115
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